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won’t go away’ (Tōdō). The associated sense<br />
of
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won’t go away’ (Tōdō). The associated sense<br />
of
1826 L1 寧 NEI, mushiro peace, preferably 14 strokes ANNEIpublic peace TEINEIcivility, care NEIJITSUquiet day OBI ; bronze ; seal . Views vary. OBI form has 30 ‘house’, with 300 ‘bowl’, plus 丂 ; the latter normally ‘floating aquatic weed’ 130, but taken here by Gu as pictograph for ‘shelf’, giving overall meaning ‘house with plentiful food’ (see Note below). Bronze forms typically add 164 ‘heart, feelings’ as a further element. One view takes the bronze form as ‘house’, with as phonetic with associated sense ‘calm, peaceful’, thus ‘house is peaceful inside’ (Katō). Shirakawa, alternatively, proposes a different analysis, as signifying a ritual of offering the heart of a wild animal in a bowl to soothe ancestral spirits; Ogawa is in broad agreement. Other meanings such as ‘preferably’ are loan uses. Note: OBI equivalents of 丂 have relatively little by way of curve in the bottom stroke. GY2008:v1:195,v2:900-01; MS1995:v1:386-7; KJ1970:853; SS1984:672; OT1968:283; WD1974:540-42. Take as eye 76, nail 367. Mnemonic: FEEL PEACEFUL HOME IS PREFERABLE TO A NAIL IN THE EYE 1827 捻 NEN, nejiru, hineru twist, screw L1 11 strokes NENZAsprain neJI*screw NENTENtorsion Seal ; late graph (later version Shuowen). Has 34 ‘hand’, with 590 (‘thought, concern’) as phonetic with associated sense probably ‘firm(ly)’, thus overall meaning ‘pinch with fingers, twist’. GY2008:1220; OT1968:421; SS1984:673-4; AS2007:401. Mnemonic: TWISTED HAND IS OF CONCERN 1828 粘 NEN, nebaru sticky, glutinous L1 11 strokes NENDOclay NENCHAKUadhesion nebarizuyoitenacious Seal () . Seal form has NJK ‘millet’, with 1598 (‘divination’) as phonetic with associated sense ‘stick/adhere’ > ‘sticky millet’. Later (unclear when), the determinative 220 ‘rice’ was sometimes used in this graph in place of , resulting in , though this was long regarded as a popular equivalent: Kangxi zidian still treats as a popular form of . ‘Sticky/glutinous’ is a generalized sense. KJ1970:624; TA1965:836- 8; KZ2001:1995/3671. Mnemonic: DIVINE USING STICKY RICE?! 1829 悩 NŌ, nayamu/masu worry, distress L2 10 strokes KUNŌdistress NŌSATSUcaptivation ŌNŌtorment Seal ; traditional forms 㛴 , . Seal form has 37 ‘woman’, with
won’t go away’ (Tōdō). The associated sense of
THE COMPLETE GUIDE TO Japanese Kanj
Published by Tuttle Publishing, an
The 80 First-Grade Characters......
Acknowledgments Thanks are due to O
writing brush, and then incised. Wr
1.5 Cursive Script Forms While the
5) ‘semantic-phonetic compounds
alternative etymologies for the sam
集 韻 Jiyun (Collected Rhymes; J.
text in reverse, then the blocks we
eflects the reality that in this bo
compound characters, in the form ),
Limitations of This Book This book
that the word kuruma ‘vehicle’
Hiragana and Katakana and Their Sou
Hiragana Katakana HO from HO from
The 214 Determinatives (or ‘Radic
No. English Alternative forms/nickn
No. English Alternative forms/nickn
No. English Alternative forms/nickn
4. However, in a few cases vertical
Editorial and Typographical Matters
THE KANJI
6 L4 音 ON, IN, oto, ne sound 9
14 休 KYŪ, yasumu rest(ing) L5 6
23 L5 校 KŌ school, check 10 stro
33 L5 車 SHA, kuruma vehicle 7
43 L4 GAKUSEI student ISSH
51 L5 52 L4 先 SEN, saki prior,
59 L5 中 4 CHŪ, naka middle, insi
68 年 NEN, toshi year L5 6 strokes
76 L5 目 5 MOKU, me, ma eye, look,
85 遠 EN, tōi distant L4 13 strok
93 L5 会 KAI, E, au meet 6 stro
101 L3 丸 3 GAN, maru, marui round
110 L4 111 L4 京 KYŌ, KEI c
118 L5 言 GEN, GON, koto, iu wo
126 L3 公 KŌ, ōyake public, fair
134 合 GŌ, KATSU, au/waseru Alter
142 L3 算 SAN reckon, count 14
150 L4 自 JI, SHI, mizukara sel
158 春 SHUN, haru of ‘forest’.
166 L4 親 SHIN, oya, shitashii
174 L3 雪 SETSU, yuki snow 11 stro
182 L4 体 TAI, TEI, karada body 7
190 L4 鳥 CHŌ, tori bird 11 st
199 冬 TŌ, fuyu winter L4 5 strok
207 L3 内 NAI, DAI, uchi inside
215 L3 番 BAN number, guard, tu
224 L5 北 HOKU, kita north, fle
233 L4 234 L5 野 YA, no moor
THE 200 THIRD GRADE CHARACTERS 241
249 L4 院 IN institute 10 strok
258 L3 HENKAchange KESHŌmake-u
267 L3 岸 GAN, kishi bank, shor
276 L4 去 KYO, KO, saru go, leave,
285 L3 君 KUN, kimi lord, you, Mr
294 向 KŌ, muku/keru/kau/kō turn
303 L4 使 SHI, tsukau use, serv
311 L3 式 SHIKI ceremony, form 6 s
319 受 JU, ukeru receive L3 8 stro
327 L3 宿 SHUKU, yado(ru) lodge, s
335 L3 勝 SHŌ, katsu, masaru win,
343 L4 進 SHIN, susumu/meru advanc
351 L3 息 10 SOKU, iki breath, res
359 第 DAI grade, order L3 11 stro
367 丁 CHŌ, TEI block , exact L1
375 転 TEN, korogeru/garu rotate,
383 等 TŌ, hitoshii, nado class,
391 L3 畑 hata, hatake (dry-) f
400 L3 筆 HITSU, fude writing brus
408 L4 服 FUKU clothes, yield,
415 L4 味 MI, aji, ajiwau taste
423 有 YŪ, U, aru have, exist L4
430 L3 様 14 YŌ, sama situatio
437 L3 列 RETSU row, line 6 str
texts for ‘use, employ, in order
451 L3 塩 EN, shio salt 13 strokes
458 L3 改 KAI, aratameru/maru refo
with minor bureaucrat/official’.
pleased’ is seen as an extended s
479 L3 泣 KYŪ, naku weep, cry 8 s
487 競 KYŌ, KEI, kisou, seru comp
494 L3 景 KEI, KE scene, view,
solid’. KJ1970:392; YK1976:167; T
509 L4 菜 SAI, na vegetable, ra
516 L3 察 SATSU judge, surmise,
522 L1 氏 SHI, uji clan, family, m
529 L3 530 L4 失 SHITSU, ush
537 L3 笑 SHŌ, warau, emu laugh,
still acting as phonetic and still
551 L3 折 SETSU, ori, oru/reru ben
558 L3 争 SŌ, arasou conflict, vi
566 L3 帯 TAI , obi, obiru belt
574 L1 腸 CHŌ, harawata intest
582 L3 努 DO, tsutomeru endeavor,
591 L3 敗 HAI, yaburu/reru defe
599 L3 標 HYŌ , shirushi sign(pos
found in the clerical script. Mizuk
614 牧 BOKU, maki OBI ; seal . Has
621 L3 約 9 YAKU promise, approx.,
628 L3 良 RYŌ, yoi good 7 stro
636 L3 歴 REKI history, path 14 st
THE 185 FIFTH GRADE CHARACTERS 641
647 L3 易 8 EKI, I, yasui, yasa
654 L1 恩 ON favor, kindness 10 st
660 L1 賀 GA congratulations 12 st
667 L1 668 L3 幹 KAN, miki trun
674 L1 義 GI righteousness 13 s
682 L3 禁 KIN forbid, ban 13 st
690 L3 検 KEN investigate 12 strok
sense, i.e. ‘test by comparison
(original Peking Palace woodblock e
713 L3 罪 ZAI, tsumi crime, sin 13
720 L3 師 SHI teacher, model, a
726 L4 質 SHITSU, SHICHI, CHI q
733 L3 準 JUN level, conform, quas
741 L3 情 11 JŌ, SEI, nasake feel
749 製 SEI Seal ; late graph (Shuo
757 L1 銭 SEN, zeni sen, coin, mon
764 L3 則 SOKU, nori, nottoru rule
772 L3 団 DANgodumpling FUTONfu
780 L1 統 TŌ, suberu supervise, l
788 破 HA, yaburu/reru Seal ; late
796 L1 俵 HYŌ, tawara sack, ba
of two vessels (one upright and the
810 L3 報 HŌ, mukuiru report,
816 L3 夢 MU, yume dream 13 stroke
824 L3 留 10 RYŪ, RU, tomaru/meru
830 映 EI, utsuru/su, haeru reflec
838 L3 割 KATSU, wari, waru div
847 L1 貴 KI, tattoi/bu, tōtoi
854 L1 筋 KINNIKUmuscle sujimi
862 L3 権 15 KEN, GON right, au
869 L1 后 6 KŌ, GO, kisaki empres
877 L3 骨 KOTSU, hone bone, frame
885 L1 蚕 SAN, kaiko silkworm 1
893 L1 射 SHA, iru shoot 10 stroke
900 L1 就 12 SHŪ, JU, tsuku take
907 L3 処 SHO deal with, place
914 L3 城 JŌ, shiro castle 9 stro
922 L1 聖 SEISHObible SEIJIN sa
930 L1 奏 9 SŌ, kanaderu play ins
938 存 SON, ZON senses ‘not move
946 値 CHI, atai, ne price, value
953 L3 賃 CHIN wages, fee 13 st
961 L3 乳 NYŪ, chichi, chi bre
968 L1 肺 HAI lung(s) 9 strokes
976 L1 奮 FUN, furuu be excited, s
983 L1 宝 HŌ, takara treasure
992 L1 模 MO, BO copy, model, m
1000 L3 卵 RAN, tamago egg, roe
THE REMAINING 1130 CHARACTERS 1007
1015 依 I, E, yoru OBI ; seal . Ha
1022 L1 椅 I chair 12 strokes IS
1030 L1 茨 9 ibara, SHI thatch, br
1038 唄 uta, BAI song L1 10 stroke
item’ (Ogawa, Katō), or - origin
noted in Mizukami as an extended me
1059 L1 1060 L2 汚 6 O, kegare/
1068 岡 oka, KŌ hill, knoll L3 8
1075 穏 ON, odayaka peace, moderat
1083 暇 KA, hima, itoma leisure, f
1091 瓦 GA, kawara, GURAMU tile, g
1099 L1 皆 KAI, min(n)a all, ev
1106 L1 劾 8 GAI investigate (a wr
1114 垣 kaki fence, hedge L1 9 str
1122 嚇 KAKU, odosu/kasu threaten,
1129 L1 喝 KATSU shout, scold 11 s
1137 鎌 kama, REN sickle L1 18 str
1144 L1 陥 KAN, ochiiru collaps
connection with 1146, the early mea
1157 寛 KAN, kutsurogu magnanimous
1166 L1 NENKANyearbook KANSHŌa
1173 L1 KICHŪin mourning KIN
1181 L1 ikuNINhow many people KI
1188 宜 GI, yoroshii proper, good
prises (see 611), a determinative
1203 L1 丘 KYŪ, oka hill, hill
distinguish carefully from the sim
1217 狂 KYŌ, kuruu lunatic, mad L
1225 L1 脅 10 KYŌ, odo(ka)su, obi
1233 斤 KIN weight, ax L1 4 stroke
1241 吟 GIN recite, sing L1 7 stro
1248 串 kushi, KAN pierce, skewer
1255 薫 KUN, kaoru/ri aroma, fragr
meaning, and ‘mountain stream’
1268 L1 慶 KEI, yorokobu joy, rejo
1274 鯨 GEI, kujira whale L1 19 st
1282 L2 剣 KEN, tsurugi sword,
1289 遣 KEN, tsukau, yaru send, us
visible’ is presumably a loan usa
1301 L1 虎 KO, tora tiger, drunkar
1309 顧 KO, kaerimiru look back L1
OBI , bronze ; seal . The bronze fo
sociated sense ‘hit, strike’, g
determinatives (540 in total) there
1336 L1 慌 KŌ, awateru/tadashii b
1344 衡 KŌ, kubiki scales, yoke L
1350 L1 豪 14 GŌSHŪAustralia
ing the head of an insect, with leg
1364 L1 懇 17 KON, nengoro na f
1372 砕 SAI, kudaku/keru break, sm
1379 L1 塞 13 SAI, SOKU, fusagu ob
1387 索 SAKU rope, search L1 10 st
1394 L1 撮 SATSU, toru, tsumamu pl
1402 L2 伺 7 SHI, ukagau visit, se
1410 嗣 SHI, tsugu heir, succeed t
agree that one component is / 42
(profile) for ‘bed’ with a stro
1429 L1 赦 SHA forgiveness 11 stro
Shirakawa, though, takes as claws o
first appeared [as independent grap
1447 L1 需 JU need, demand 14 stro
1454 L1 羞 SHŪ, hajiru be ashamed
1461 L1 充 JŪ, ateru, mitasu f
for ‘uncle younger than one’s p
flecting the use in Shang times of
1480 L1 庶 11 SHO masses, vario
age; this complex form was ousted a
1494 L1 宵 SHŌ, yoi evening 10 st
1501 L1 掌 SHŌ, tanagokoro con
1507 L1 奨 SHŌ urge, encourage 13
part in ancient China, being seen a
1520 L1 縄 JŌ, nawa rope, cord 15
1526 拭 SHOKU, nuguu, fuku wipe, s
1534 L1 芯 7 SHIN core, padding, w
eading furu ‘shake’, as also th
1546 L1 審 SHIN judge, investig
overall meaning ‘enjoy union’,
1559 L1 帥 SUI commander 9 strokes
consisting in one view of 1739 ‘
appears to already provide the mean
1578 L1 斉 SEI, hitoshii equal, si
1586 L1 斥 SEKI, shirizokeru re
1593 籍 SEKI meaning is ‘written
1599 扇 SEN, ōgi, aogu fan L1 10
1607 箋 SEN paper, letter L1 14 st
1613 L1 禅 ZEN Zen, meditation 13
1620 措 SO place, dispose L1 11 st
1627 双 SŌ, futapair, both L2 4 s
1634 L1 曹 SŌ, ZŌ official, c
1639 L1 葬 SŌ, hōmuru bury 12 st
comb’. Sense then generalized to
1653 俗 ZOKU Bronze ; seal . Has 4
1658 唾 DA, tsuba(ki) Seal ; late
1991 L1 奔 HON run, bustle 8 st
1997 磨 MA, migaku polish, scour,
2003 又 mata again L1 2 strokes
strange’. An alternative analysis
not done also). The original meanin
2022 盲 MŌ, mekura blind L1 8 str
ut ‘fire’. This commentator (Gu
2034 L1 愉 YU joy, pleasure 12 str
2040 湧 YŪ, waku , for which ther
2046 L1 融 YŪ, tokeru dissolve, m
ment in bronze stage equivalents of
ing it a distinct possibility that
2063 拉 RA, RATSU, hishigu/ Seal ;
2069 L1 2070 L1 酪 13 RAKU d
2076 L1 履 RI, haku footwear, walk
2081 L1 竜 RYŪ, tatsu dragon 1
suggesting orderly construction rat
Mizukami). Sense modified (dependin
2098 L1 倫 RIN principles, ethi
2104 励 RUI, hagemu/masu later var
2109 隷 REI the seal script, came
2114 L1 烈 RETSU fierce, intens
2121 賂 RO, mainai Seal ; late gra
phonetic with associated sense ‘s
2135 L2 湾 WAN bay, gulf 12 stroke
Readings Index A A 1007 abareru 8
BŌ 814 BŌ 985 BŌ 986 BŌ 987
EI 449 EI 450 EI 644 EI 645 EI
GO 1311 GO 1312 GO 1313 GO 1314
HI 1878 HI 1879 HI 1880 HI 1881
isago 879 isago 1366 isamashii 6
KAI 1102 KAI 1103 KAI 1104 KAI
KEN 20 KEN 100 KEN 290 KEN 291
KŌ 1342 KŌ 1343 KŌ 1344 KŌ
KYŪ 1203 KYŪ 1204 KYŪ 1205 KY
mukuiru 810 mukuro 1113 muna- 85
odokasu 1225 oeru 322 odoroku 12
RYŪ 824 RYŪ 2080 RYŪ 2081 RY
SEN 1608 SEN 1609 SEN 1610 SEN
SHŌ 912 SHŌ 913 SHŌ 933 SHŌ
SUI 1685 suji 854 suki 503 suki
TO 1767 TO 1768 TO 1769 TO 1770
UN 251 unagasu 1651 unaji 1339 u
yudaneru 245 yue 694 YUI 827 YUI
1806 1821 1893 1967 2030 5 stro
1095 1142 1167 1172 1173 1199
361 366 370 377 391 392 398
1581 1588 1589 1599 1600 1619
385 397 400 424 428 429 431
1613 1624 1640 1654 1670 1672
1104 1105 1113 1121 1161 1162
APPENDIX & BIBLIOGRAPHY
In this book the general trend in i
KZ2001 Zhang Yushu et al., Kangxi z
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