480531170

for ‘uncle younger than one’s parents’ (Mizukami,
Tōdō), this latter helping to explain the
writing for ‘uncle’. Mizukami also lists proposed
OBI equivalents for . MS1995:v1:198-9;
KJ1970; TA1965:189; OT1968:155; TA1965:199;
1467
L1
淑
SHUKU
pure, graceful
11 strokes
TEISHUKUchastity
SHUKUJOlady
SHISHUKU admiration
Seal . Has 42 ‘water’, and 1466 (‘uncle’)
as phonetic with associated sense ‘clean,
pure’, giving ‘pure water’ (Katō) or ‘clear deep
water’ (Mizukami), and taking ‘good, graceful’
as a loan usage, though it may be argued
1468
L1
粛
11
SHUKU
solemn, quiet, be
awed
strokes
SHUKUZEN tosolemnly
JISHUKUself control
GENSHUKU solemnity
Bronze ; seal ; traditional . In one view,
taken as consisting of (original way of writing
‘deep pool’), and 159 ‘writing brush’
(originally, pictograph of hand holding writing
brush) as phonetic with associated sense typically
taken as ‘pale and dark’ or ‘black’, giving
‘water in pool is pale and dark/black’ (Katō) or
‘water in pool is deep and clear’ (Mizukami).
1469
塾
JUKU
juku, private school
L1
14 strokes
JUKUSEIjuku student
JUKUSOKUjuku rules
SHIJUKU home-based juku
Seal ; a late graph (later version of Shuowen).
Has 64 ‘earth, ground’, and (distortion
in shape of the seal form, orig. ‘cook’; see Note
below) as phonetic with associated sense ‘make
level/even’, interpreted as ‘building with rooms
having earthen walls either side of entrance
SS1984:417; AS2007:469. Suggest taking lefthand
element as ‘almost’ walk 221.
Mnemonic: WITH HELPING HAND, YOUNG
UNCLE CAN ALMOST WALK
that it is an extended meaning. Note: several
commentators (Gu, Shirakawa) consider that
originally in bronze was written in a shape
corresponding to the bronze form for 1714
‘mourn’, but Mizukami and Katō maintain they
were separate graphs even at that early stage.
GY2008:1318; KJ1970:521; MS1995:v2:758-
9,v1:466-7; SS1984:418.
Mnemonic: UNCLE DRINKS PURE WATER
Or: UNCLE IS GRACEFUL IN WATER
Ogawa, alternatively, takes the associated
sense as ‘quick, rapid’, giving ‘rapid water’, i.e.
‘rapid current’. Meanings such as ‘be in awe’ are
generally considered to represent a loan usage.
However, Gu prefers to regard here as not
‘writing brush’ but ‘boat pole’, and suggests
meanings such as ‘be in awe’ are extended
senses deriving from a sense of being careful
when travelling in a boat over deep water.
MS1995:v2:1064-6; KJ1970:522-3; OT1968:814;
GY2008:742. We suggest taking the modern
graph as variant ‘hand’ (holding stick for pounding)
, ‘rice’ 220, and an open container .
Mnemonic: HAND SOLEMNLY POUNDS RICE
IN OPEN CONTAINER – AWESOME!
gate’ (Tōdō), or – in similar vein – ‘buildings
either side of entrance gate’ (Ogawa). The
main building would have been for a person
of high status (Gu says ‘palace’). Such rooms
or buildings were used for education, and so
by extension ‘private academy’, or in modern
usage ‘cram school’. As an indicator of socio-cultural
values regarding education, the majority
of students – particularly junior high students
– spend virtually as many hours in juku than
they do at school. Most of them attend juku
on a Saturday, and several nights a week. And
there is often no consideration for political
The Remaining 1130 Characters 435