01.05.2017
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1364 L1 懇 17 KON, nengoro na friendly, cordial, courteous, kind strokes KONDANfriendly chat KONGANentreaty KONJŌkindliness Seal ; a late graph (later version of Shuowen). Has 164 ‘heart, mind, feelings’, and 貇 / 豤 1363 (‘boar’ > ‘boar bites/digs’) with associated sense taken variously as i] ‘include’, giving ‘include warm feelings’ (Ogawa), or ii] ‘reach down’, giving ‘reach down into someone’s feelings’ (Shirakawa), or iii] ‘wanting one thing’, giving ‘a pure heart’ (Katō; Gu also), or iv] ‘in detail’, giving ‘be watchful on points of detail’ (Tōdō). OT1968:390; SS1984:330; KJ1970:412; GY2008:1158; TA1965:695-9. As with 1363, we suggest using the top right element 281 as ‘stopping and staring’. Mnemonic: BOAR STOPS AND STARES – HOPEFULLY IT’S FEELING FRIENDLY! 1365 佐 SA assist, assistant L1 7 strokes HOSAassistant SAKANfield officer TAISAcolonel A late, post-Shuowen graph. Has 24 ‘left’, in an extended sense ‘support, help’, and 41 ‘person’ added, giving overall meaning ‘assist/ one who assists’. KJ1970:416; OT1968:53; GY2008:450. Mnemonic: PERSON ON THE LEFT IS AN ASSISTANT 1366 L3 沙 7 SA, isago news, tidings, sand grains strokes BUSATAneglect to write SABAKUdesert toriZATAgossip, rumor Bronze ; seal . Has 42 ‘water’, and 160 ‘few, a little’ as semantic and phonetic, giving ‘small stone particles (suspended) in water’, i.e. ‘sand’. Ogawa takes a slightly different view, as originally meaning ‘water’s edge’, then progressively by extension ‘sandy soil at water’s edge’, and ‘sand’. 879 ‘sand’ is a later equivalent graph (noted in Yupian as a popular writing for ), in which 47 ‘stone’ is substituted for ‘water’. The meanings ‘news, tidings,’ are perhaps by association with word-family ‘scatter(ed)’. KJ1970:415-6; MS1995:v2:734-5; GY2008:496-7,815; OT1968:561. Mnemonic: THE NEWS IS THAT THERE IS LITTLE WATER – NOT GOOD TIDINGS 1367 唆 SA, sosonokasu, sosoru entice, incite L1 10 strokes SHISAsuggestion, hint KYŌSAincitement KYŌSASHAabettor A late, post-Shuowen graph. Shuowen has , in relation to which , devised later, is a popular variant. Has 22 ‘mouth’, and CO (see Note below) as phonetic with associated sense ‘set a dog on (someone or something)’, giving ‘urge on verbally, urge on’; often has negative connotation. Note: originally (OBI) has ‘drag the foot, foot’ (see Appendix), with (‘tall, slim person’) as phonetic with associated sense ‘walk slowly’, thus ‘walk slowly, walk dragging foot’ (see also 715). KJ1970:418-9,158-9; GY2008:1046,1715; MS1995:v1:286-7. As with 1470, we suggest taking right hand part as ‘crossed legs’ , and ‘runny nose’ . Mnemonic: RUNNY NOSE, MOUTH AND CROSSED LEGS ARE ENTICING!? The Remaining 1130 Characters 405
1368 詐 SA lie, deceive L1 12 strokes SAGISHIswindler SASHUfraud SASHŌmisrepresentation Seal ; a late graph (Shuowen). Has 118 ‘words; speak’, and 141 (‘make’) as semantic and phonetic, giving ‘make up words, deceive with words’. ( originally denoted marks made with a cutting instrument; ‘make’ is an extended sense.) MS1995:v2:1192-3,v1:18-9; KJ1970:437; OT1968:924. Mnemonic: MAKE UP WORDS IN DECEITFUL LIE 1369 L1 鎖 SA, kusari chain, link 18 strokes SAKOKUclosed country RENSAdesert kusaridomesprocket Seal ; late graph (later version of Shuowen); traditional . Has 16 ‘metal’, and
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THE COMPLETE GUIDE TO Japanese Kanj
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Published by Tuttle Publishing, an
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The 80 First-Grade Characters......
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Acknowledgments Thanks are due to O
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writing brush, and then incised. Wr
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1.5 Cursive Script Forms While the
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5) ‘semantic-phonetic compounds
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alternative etymologies for the sam
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集 韻 Jiyun (Collected Rhymes; J.
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text in reverse, then the blocks we
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eflects the reality that in this bo
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compound characters, in the form ),
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Limitations of This Book This book
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that the word kuruma ‘vehicle’
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Hiragana and Katakana and Their Sou
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Hiragana Katakana HO from HO from
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The 214 Determinatives (or ‘Radic
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No. English Alternative forms/nickn
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No. English Alternative forms/nickn
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No. English Alternative forms/nickn
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4. However, in a few cases vertical
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Editorial and Typographical Matters
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THE KANJI
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6 L4 音 ON, IN, oto, ne sound 9
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14 休 KYŪ, yasumu rest(ing) L5 6
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23 L5 校 KŌ school, check 10 stro
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33 L5 車 SHA, kuruma vehicle 7
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43 L4 GAKUSEI student ISSH
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51 L5 52 L4 先 SEN, saki prior,
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59 L5 中 4 CHŪ, naka middle, insi
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68 年 NEN, toshi year L5 6 strokes
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76 L5 目 5 MOKU, me, ma eye, look,
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85 遠 EN, tōi distant L4 13 strok
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93 L5 会 KAI, E, au meet 6 stro
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101 L3 丸 3 GAN, maru, marui round
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110 L4 111 L4 京 KYŌ, KEI c
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118 L5 言 GEN, GON, koto, iu wo
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126 L3 公 KŌ, ōyake public, fair
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134 合 GŌ, KATSU, au/waseru Alter
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142 L3 算 SAN reckon, count 14
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150 L4 自 JI, SHI, mizukara sel
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158 春 SHUN, haru of ‘forest’.
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166 L4 親 SHIN, oya, shitashii
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174 L3 雪 SETSU, yuki snow 11 stro
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182 L4 体 TAI, TEI, karada body 7
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190 L4 鳥 CHŌ, tori bird 11 st
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199 冬 TŌ, fuyu winter L4 5 strok
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207 L3 内 NAI, DAI, uchi inside
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215 L3 番 BAN number, guard, tu
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224 L5 北 HOKU, kita north, fle
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233 L4 234 L5 野 YA, no moor
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THE 200 THIRD GRADE CHARACTERS 241
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249 L4 院 IN institute 10 strok
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258 L3 HENKAchange KESHŌmake-u
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267 L3 岸 GAN, kishi bank, shor
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276 L4 去 KYO, KO, saru go, leave,
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285 L3 君 KUN, kimi lord, you, Mr
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294 向 KŌ, muku/keru/kau/kō turn
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303 L4 使 SHI, tsukau use, serv
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311 L3 式 SHIKI ceremony, form 6 s
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319 受 JU, ukeru receive L3 8 stro
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327 L3 宿 SHUKU, yado(ru) lodge, s
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335 L3 勝 SHŌ, katsu, masaru win,
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343 L4 進 SHIN, susumu/meru advanc
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351 L3 息 10 SOKU, iki breath, res
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359 第 DAI grade, order L3 11 stro
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367 丁 CHŌ, TEI block , exact L1
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375 転 TEN, korogeru/garu rotate,
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383 等 TŌ, hitoshii, nado class,
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391 L3 畑 hata, hatake (dry-) f
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400 L3 筆 HITSU, fude writing brus
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408 L4 服 FUKU clothes, yield,
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415 L4 味 MI, aji, ajiwau taste
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423 有 YŪ, U, aru have, exist L4
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430 L3 様 14 YŌ, sama situatio
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437 L3 列 RETSU row, line 6 str
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texts for ‘use, employ, in order
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451 L3 塩 EN, shio salt 13 strokes
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458 L3 改 KAI, aratameru/maru refo
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with minor bureaucrat/official’.
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pleased’ is seen as an extended s
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479 L3 泣 KYŪ, naku weep, cry 8 s
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487 競 KYŌ, KEI, kisou, seru comp
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494 L3 景 KEI, KE scene, view,
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solid’. KJ1970:392; YK1976:167; T
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509 L4 菜 SAI, na vegetable, ra
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516 L3 察 SATSU judge, surmise,
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522 L1 氏 SHI, uji clan, family, m
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529 L3 530 L4 失 SHITSU, ush
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537 L3 笑 SHŌ, warau, emu laugh,
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still acting as phonetic and still
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551 L3 折 SETSU, ori, oru/reru ben
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558 L3 争 SŌ, arasou conflict, vi
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566 L3 帯 TAI , obi, obiru belt
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574 L1 腸 CHŌ, harawata intest
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582 L3 努 DO, tsutomeru endeavor,
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591 L3 敗 HAI, yaburu/reru defe
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599 L3 標 HYŌ , shirushi sign(pos
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found in the clerical script. Mizuk
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614 牧 BOKU, maki OBI ; seal . Has
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621 L3 約 9 YAKU promise, approx.,
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628 L3 良 RYŌ, yoi good 7 stro
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636 L3 歴 REKI history, path 14 st
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THE 185 FIFTH GRADE CHARACTERS 641
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647 L3 易 8 EKI, I, yasui, yasa
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654 L1 恩 ON favor, kindness 10 st
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660 L1 賀 GA congratulations 12 st
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667 L1 668 L3 幹 KAN, miki trun
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674 L1 義 GI righteousness 13 s
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682 L3 禁 KIN forbid, ban 13 st
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690 L3 検 KEN investigate 12 strok
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sense, i.e. ‘test by comparison
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(original Peking Palace woodblock e
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713 L3 罪 ZAI, tsumi crime, sin 13
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720 L3 師 SHI teacher, model, a
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726 L4 質 SHITSU, SHICHI, CHI q
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733 L3 準 JUN level, conform, quas
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741 L3 情 11 JŌ, SEI, nasake feel
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749 製 SEI Seal ; late graph (Shuo
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757 L1 銭 SEN, zeni sen, coin, mon
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764 L3 則 SOKU, nori, nottoru rule
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772 L3 団 DANgodumpling FUTONfu
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780 L1 統 TŌ, suberu supervise, l
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788 破 HA, yaburu/reru Seal ; late
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796 L1 俵 HYŌ, tawara sack, ba
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of two vessels (one upright and the
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810 L3 報 HŌ, mukuiru report,
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816 L3 夢 MU, yume dream 13 stroke
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824 L3 留 10 RYŪ, RU, tomaru/meru
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830 映 EI, utsuru/su, haeru reflec
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838 L3 割 KATSU, wari, waru div
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847 L1 貴 KI, tattoi/bu, tōtoi
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854 L1 筋 KINNIKUmuscle sujimi
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862 L3 権 15 KEN, GON right, au
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869 L1 后 6 KŌ, GO, kisaki empres
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877 L3 骨 KOTSU, hone bone, frame
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885 L1 蚕 SAN, kaiko silkworm 1
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893 L1 射 SHA, iru shoot 10 stroke
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900 L1 就 12 SHŪ, JU, tsuku take
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907 L3 処 SHO deal with, place
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914 L3 城 JŌ, shiro castle 9 stro
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922 L1 聖 SEISHObible SEIJIN sa
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930 L1 奏 9 SŌ, kanaderu play ins
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938 存 SON, ZON senses ‘not move
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946 値 CHI, atai, ne price, value
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953 L3 賃 CHIN wages, fee 13 st
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961 L3 乳 NYŪ, chichi, chi bre
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968 L1 肺 HAI lung(s) 9 strokes
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976 L1 奮 FUN, furuu be excited, s
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983 L1 宝 HŌ, takara treasure
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992 L1 模 MO, BO copy, model, m
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1000 L3 卵 RAN, tamago egg, roe
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THE REMAINING 1130 CHARACTERS 1007
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1015 依 I, E, yoru OBI ; seal . Ha
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1022 L1 椅 I chair 12 strokes IS
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1030 L1 茨 9 ibara, SHI thatch, br
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1038 唄 uta, BAI song L1 10 stroke
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item’ (Ogawa, Katō), or - origin
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noted in Mizukami as an extended me
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1059 L1 1060 L2 汚 6 O, kegare/
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1068 岡 oka, KŌ hill, knoll L3 8
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1075 穏 ON, odayaka peace, moderat
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1083 暇 KA, hima, itoma leisure, f
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1091 瓦 GA, kawara, GURAMU tile, g
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1099 L1 皆 KAI, min(n)a all, ev
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1106 L1 劾 8 GAI investigate (a wr
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1114 垣 kaki fence, hedge L1 9 str
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1122 嚇 KAKU, odosu/kasu threaten,
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1129 L1 喝 KATSU shout, scold 11 s
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1137 鎌 kama, REN sickle L1 18 str
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1144 L1 陥 KAN, ochiiru collaps
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connection with 1146, the early mea
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1157 寛 KAN, kutsurogu magnanimous
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1166 L1 NENKANyearbook KANSHŌa
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1173 L1 KICHŪin mourning KIN
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1181 L1 ikuNINhow many people KI
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1188 宜 GI, yoroshii proper, good
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prises (see 611), a determinative
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1203 L1 丘 KYŪ, oka hill, hill
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distinguish carefully from the sim
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1217 狂 KYŌ, kuruu lunatic, mad L
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1225 L1 脅 10 KYŌ, odo(ka)su, obi
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1233 斤 KIN weight, ax L1 4 stroke
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1241 吟 GIN recite, sing L1 7 stro
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1248 串 kushi, KAN pierce, skewer
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1255 薫 KUN, kaoru/ri aroma, fragr
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meaning, and ‘mountain stream’
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1268 L1 慶 KEI, yorokobu joy, rejo
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1274 鯨 GEI, kujira whale L1 19 st
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1282 L2 剣 KEN, tsurugi sword,
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1289 遣 KEN, tsukau, yaru send, us
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visible’ is presumably a loan usa
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1301 L1 虎 KO, tora tiger, drunkar
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1309 顧 KO, kaerimiru look back L1
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OBI , bronze ; seal . The bronze fo
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sociated sense ‘hit, strike’, g
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determinatives (540 in total) there
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1336 L1 慌 KŌ, awateru/tadashii b
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1344 衡 KŌ, kubiki scales, yoke L
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1350 L1 豪 14 GŌSHŪAustralia
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ing the head of an insect, with leg
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1372 砕 SAI, kudaku/keru break, sm
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1379 L1 塞 13 SAI, SOKU, fusagu ob
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1387 索 SAKU rope, search L1 10 st
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1394 L1 撮 SATSU, toru, tsumamu pl
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1402 L2 伺 7 SHI, ukagau visit, se
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1410 嗣 SHI, tsugu heir, succeed t
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agree that one component is / 42
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(profile) for ‘bed’ with a stro
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1429 L1 赦 SHA forgiveness 11 stro
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Shirakawa, though, takes as claws o
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first appeared [as independent grap
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1447 L1 需 JU need, demand 14 stro
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1454 L1 羞 SHŪ, hajiru be ashamed
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1461 L1 充 JŪ, ateru, mitasu f
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for ‘uncle younger than one’s p
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flecting the use in Shang times of
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1480 L1 庶 11 SHO masses, vario
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age; this complex form was ousted a
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1494 L1 宵 SHŌ, yoi evening 10 st
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1501 L1 掌 SHŌ, tanagokoro con
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1507 L1 奨 SHŌ urge, encourage 13
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part in ancient China, being seen a
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1520 L1 縄 JŌ, nawa rope, cord 15
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1526 拭 SHOKU, nuguu, fuku wipe, s
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1534 L1 芯 7 SHIN core, padding, w
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eading furu ‘shake’, as also th
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1546 L1 審 SHIN judge, investig
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overall meaning ‘enjoy union’,
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1559 L1 帥 SUI commander 9 strokes
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consisting in one view of 1739 ‘
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appears to already provide the mean
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1578 L1 斉 SEI, hitoshii equal, si
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1586 L1 斥 SEKI, shirizokeru re
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1593 籍 SEKI meaning is ‘written
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1599 扇 SEN, ōgi, aogu fan L1 10
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1607 箋 SEN paper, letter L1 14 st
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1613 L1 禅 ZEN Zen, meditation 13
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1620 措 SO place, dispose L1 11 st
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1627 双 SŌ, futapair, both L2 4 s
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1634 L1 曹 SŌ, ZŌ official, c
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1639 L1 葬 SŌ, hōmuru bury 12 st
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comb’. Sense then generalized to
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1653 俗 ZOKU Bronze ; seal . Has 4
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1658 唾 DA, tsuba(ki) Seal ; late
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1665 L1 泰 TAI calm, serene, bi
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1671 L1 戴 TAI, (DAI), itadaku rec
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1678 L2 濯 TAKU wash, rinse 17 str
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ten with a pictograph showing two s
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tograph of a young plant putting ou
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elow); the associated sense of here
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1705 L1 秩 CHITSU order 10 strokes
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1712 L1 鋳 CHŪ, iru cast, found,
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mean ‘monetary change’. Note: w
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tower above; sign’) was added as
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1730 珍 CHIN, mezurashii gives pro
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1736 L1 塚 tsuka, CHŌ mound, tumu
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port such an interpretation, though
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1748 訂 TEI correct, revise L1 9 s
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1756 摘 TEKI, tsumu/mamu pluck, ex
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iguous in writing through addition
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1768 L1 妬 TO, netamu/mi/mashii be
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1775 到 TŌ, itaru Bronze ; seal .
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phonetic, with associated sense ‘
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1786 L1 搭 TŌ load, board 12 stro
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1792 謄 TŌ copy L1 17 strokes T
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1798 L1 瞳 DŌ, hitomi pupil (of e
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cave’, and as phonetic with asso
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How, though, did the graph come to
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as depicting one person leaning aga
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1826 L1 寧 NEI, mushiro peace,
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1833 婆 BA, baba Seal ( ) . The se
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ing things, thus ‘grow, cultivate
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1847 L1 剥 HAKU, hagu/gasu peel, s
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form, which has firewood projecting
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1861 L1 氾 5 HAN flood, deluge, ov
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Page 558 and 559:
1868 販 HAN sell, trade L2 11 stro
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Page 560 and 561:
1874 L1 繁 HAN, shigeru profuse
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Page 562 and 563:
1879 L2 彼 HI, kare, kano, ano
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Page 564 and 565:
1886 L1 罷 HI, makaru cease, leave
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Page 566 and 567:
1892 L1 肘 hiji elbow 7 strokes
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Page 568 and 569:
1898 L1 描 BYŌ, egaku depict, dra
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Page 570 and 571:
and flattish’; overall meaning is
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Page 572 and 573:
later represented by changing deter
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Page 574 and 575:
at clerical script stage. Note: 尃
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Page 576 and 577:
kami notes a different view that se
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Page 578 and 579:
1929 L1 噴 FUN, fuku emit, spout,
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Page 580 and 581:
taken as ‘avoid’, thus ‘hangi
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Page 582 and 583:
1942 癖 HEKI, kuse habit, kink L1
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Page 584 and 585:
out metal fitting’ (on a gate/doo
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Page 586 and 587:
1956 泡 HŌ, awa Seal ; a late gra
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Page 588 and 589:
graph has the same structure but is
-
Page 590 and 591:
(both interpretations are listed in
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Page 592 and 593:
added to indicate meaning of ‘sid
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Page 594 and 595:
1985 L1 僕 BOKU, shimobe manser
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Page 596 and 597:
1991 L1 奔 HON run, bustle 8 st
-
Page 598 and 599:
1997 磨 MA, migaku polish, scour,
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Page 600 and 601:
2003 又 mata again L1 2 strokes
-
Page 602 and 603:
strange’. An alternative analysis
-
Page 604 and 605:
not done also). The original meanin
-
Page 606 and 607:
2022 盲 MŌ, mekura blind L1 8 str
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Page 608 and 609:
ut ‘fire’. This commentator (Gu
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Page 610 and 611:
2034 L1 愉 YU joy, pleasure 12 str
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Page 612 and 613:
2040 湧 YŪ, waku , for which ther
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Page 614 and 615:
2046 L1 融 YŪ, tokeru dissolve, m
-
Page 616 and 617:
ment in bronze stage equivalents of
-
Page 618 and 619:
ing it a distinct possibility that
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Page 620 and 621:
2063 拉 RA, RATSU, hishigu/ Seal ;
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Page 622 and 623:
2069 L1 2070 L1 酪 13 RAKU d
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Page 624 and 625:
2076 L1 履 RI, haku footwear, walk
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Page 626 and 627:
2081 L1 竜 RYŪ, tatsu dragon 1
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Page 628 and 629:
suggesting orderly construction rat
-
Page 630 and 631:
Mizukami). Sense modified (dependin
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Page 632 and 633:
2098 L1 倫 RIN principles, ethi
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Page 634 and 635:
2104 励 RUI, hagemu/masu later var
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Page 636 and 637:
2109 隷 REI the seal script, came
-
Page 638 and 639:
2114 L1 烈 RETSU fierce, intens
-
Page 640 and 641:
2121 賂 RO, mainai Seal ; late gra
-
Page 642 and 643:
phonetic with associated sense ‘s
-
Page 644:
2135 L2 湾 WAN bay, gulf 12 stroke
-
Page 647 and 648:
Readings Index A A 1007 abareru 8
-
Page 649 and 650:
BŌ 814 BŌ 985 BŌ 986 BŌ 987
-
Page 651 and 652:
EI 449 EI 450 EI 644 EI 645 EI
-
Page 653 and 654:
GO 1311 GO 1312 GO 1313 GO 1314
-
Page 655 and 656:
HI 1878 HI 1879 HI 1880 HI 1881
-
Page 657 and 658:
isago 879 isago 1366 isamashii 6
-
Page 659 and 660:
KAI 1102 KAI 1103 KAI 1104 KAI
-
Page 661 and 662:
KEN 20 KEN 100 KEN 290 KEN 291
-
Page 663 and 664:
KŌ 1342 KŌ 1343 KŌ 1344 KŌ
-
Page 665 and 666:
KYŪ 1203 KYŪ 1204 KYŪ 1205 KY
-
Page 667 and 668:
mukuiru 810 mukuro 1113 muna- 85
-
Page 669 and 670:
odokasu 1225 oeru 322 odoroku 12
-
Page 671 and 672:
RYŪ 824 RYŪ 2080 RYŪ 2081 RY
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Page 673 and 674:
SEN 1608 SEN 1609 SEN 1610 SEN
-
Page 675 and 676:
SHŌ 912 SHŌ 913 SHŌ 933 SHŌ
-
Page 677 and 678:
SUI 1685 suji 854 suki 503 suki
-
Page 679 and 680:
TO 1767 TO 1768 TO 1769 TO 1770
-
Page 681 and 682:
UN 251 unagasu 1651 unaji 1339 u
-
Page 683 and 684:
yudaneru 245 yue 694 YUI 827 YUI
-
Page 685 and 686:
1806 1821 1893 1967 2030 5 stro
-
Page 687 and 688:
1095 1142 1167 1172 1173 1199
-
Page 689 and 690:
361 366 370 377 391 392 398
-
Page 691 and 692:
1581 1588 1589 1599 1600 1619
-
Page 693 and 694:
385 397 400 424 428 429 431
-
Page 695 and 696:
1613 1624 1640 1654 1670 1672
-
Page 697 and 698:
1104 1105 1113 1121 1161 1162
-
Page 700 and 701:
APPENDIX & BIBLIOGRAPHY
-
Page 702 and 703:
In this book the general trend in i
-
Page 704 and 705:
KZ2001 Zhang Yushu et al., Kangxi z
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