480531170

1241
吟
GIN
recite, sing
L1
7 strokes
GIN’EIrecital
GINMIscrutiny
GIN’YŪSHIJINminstrel
Seal ; a late graph (Shuowen). Has 22
‘mouth’, and 138 (‘now’) as phonetic, the
latter typically interpreted as ‘close, shut’,
thus giving ‘close mouth and moan’ (Ogawa,
Shirakawa) or ‘moan’ (Katō). However, moan-
ing is normally emitted with the mouth open,
a point which brings this interpretation of
the meaning into question. On the basis of
usage in early texts, Qiu interprets the original
meaning of as ‘close the mouth and remain
silent’; if this is accepted, senses such as ‘moan,
sing, recite’ need to be regarded as loan usages.
OT1968:170; SS1984:214; KJ1970:176;
QX2000.
Mnemonic: NOWADAYS ONE RECITES WITH
MOUTH WIDE OPEN
1242
駆
KU, kakeru, karu
gallop, spur on
L1
14 strokes
SENKUSHApioneer
karidasuflush out (hunt)
kakeochielopement
Seal ; a late graph (Shuowen); traditional
. Has 210 ‘horse’, and 282 ( ‘ward,
section’) as phonetic with associated sense
‘hit, strike’, to give ‘whip a horse (and make it
gallop)’. ‘Urge on/spur on’ as a general use is an
extended sense. KJ1970:296; OT1968:1124.
Mnemonic: SPURRED ON HORSE GALLOPS
THROUGH THE WARD
1243
L1
惧
11
GU, KU, osoreru
fear, awe, risk,
apprehension
strokes
osorefear, awe
KIGUfear, misgivings
KIGU no NENapprehension
Seal ; traditional . Has 164 ‘heart/mind’
and (orig ‘bird looks round nervously’; see
Note below). is taken as semantic and phonetic
(Ogawa, Gu) or just phonetic with associ-
1244
愚
GU, oroka
foolish
L1
13 strokes
GUJINfool
GUZUrugrumble
GUKŌfoolish act
ated sense ‘look round nervously’(Mizukami,
Shirakawa), both cases giving same overall
sense ‘be afraid’. is a later popular form.
Note: has 䀠 ‘look left and right’, with
324 ‘short-tailed bird’, thus ‘bird looks round
nervously’ (Shirakawa). Qiu prefers ‘eagle’s gaze’.
MS1995:v1:530-31; SS1984:218; GY2008:1328;
OT1968:392; QX2000:197; DJ2009:v3:850. Suggest
as 76 ‘eye’ with ‘hands’ / .
Mnemonic: WHEN FEAR IS IN THE HEART,
COVER EYES WITH HANDS
Bronze ; seal . Has ‘heart/mind’ 164, and
CO (originally showing monkey with large
head and long tail, now ‘begin’) as phonetic
with associated sense ‘circuitous, dull, stiff’, thus
‘mind works in roundabout/slow manner’, i.e.
‘stupid’. MS1995:v1:516-7,v2:958-9; TA1965:313-
5; OT1968:380,727;TA1965:313-5. Take as
leggy insect in ‘field’ 63.
Mnemonic: LEGGY INSECT IN FIELD GIVES
FOOLISH FEELING IN HEART
The Remaining 1130 Characters 369