480531170

1221
L2
挟
KYŌ, hasamu/maru
insert, pinch, squeeze
9 strokes
KYŌGEKIpincer attack
itabasamidilemma
hasamimushiearwig
Seal ; a late graph (Shuowen); traditional .
Has 34 ‘hand’, and NJK (‘put between’, ‘under
the arms’, see 1220) as semantic and phonetic,
giving ‘put between, insert’.OT1968:414;
SS1984:193; TA1965:862. We suggest taking the
right hand element as 601 ‘man, husband,’
and as ‘away’ 70.
Mnemonic: MAN SQUEEZED BY HAND CAN’T
GET AWAY
1222
狭
KYŌ, semai
narrow, small
L2
9 strokes
KYŌGInarrow meaning
KŌKYŌextent, area
semakurushiicramped
Seal ( ) . with 19 ‘dog’ is an error
for earlier with ‘hill, terraced slope’ 1907.
Qiu states this occurred at an early stage.
(‘hold under arms’, see 1220) is phonetic with
associated sense ‘held between on both sides’,
giving ‘blocked on both sides by hills/mountains’;
hence, ‘narrow valley’, then generalized
to ‘narrow, small’. KJ1970:174; QX2000:267. Take
right hand element as ‘man’ 603 and as
‘away’ 70.
Mnemonic: SMALL MAN NARROWLY GETS
AWAY FROM DOG
1223
恐
KYŌ, osoroshii/reru
fear, awe
L2
10 strokes
KYŌFUfear
KYŌEIBYŌAnglophobia
osoreirube awed, sorry
Seal . Has 164 ‘heart, feeling’, and 巩
as phonetic with associated sense taken as i]
‘pierce’, thus ‘feeling as if heart is pierced’, and
‘be afraid’ as extended sense (Mizukami), or
ii] ‘empty’, thus ‘feel empty as if a hole in the
heart’, again giving ‘be afraid’ as extended sense
(Tōdō), or iii] ‘fearful’, thus ‘be afraid’ (Ogawa).
Note: 巩 is 丮 ‘hold out hands’ 905, with
125 as phonetic with associated sense ‘embrace’,
thus ‘embrace with hands’. KJ1970:277;
MS1995:v1:504-6; TA1965:306; OT1968:368;
KJ1970:277. Take ‘work’ and as desk.
Mnemonic: WORK AT DESK GIVES FEELING
OF FEAR
1224
L1
恭
KYŌ, uyauyashii
respectful
10 strokes
KYŌJUNobedience
KYŌKEIrespect
KYŌKENdeference
OBI ; seal . OBI form has hands raised up
towards an upper element taken as the ‘dragon’
of myth and legend, this serving as semantic
and phonetic, to give ‘venerate with hands
raised’. Mizukami and Gu propose the OBI
form above (Karlgren also lists one virtually
the same), though its shape is quite different
from the seal equivalent. At the seal stage, the
dragon element has disappeared, and instead
there is 164 ‘heart, feelings’ beneath 484
(orig. hands offering up an object; now means
‘together’). Despite the changed composition
of the seal form onwards, the meaning is essentially
the same: ‘act respectfully’. GY2008:992;
MS1995:v1:504-5; BK1957:304-5; OT1968:368;
SS1884:194.
Mnemonic: WHEN TOGETHER, FEELINGS
SHOULD BE RESPECTFUL
364 The Remaining 1130 Characters