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1217
狂
KYŌ, kuruu
lunatic, mad
L1
7 strokes
KYŌJINlunatic
KYŌGEN (dramatic)farce
kurutta mad, insane
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 19 ‘dog’,
and element (modified from the clerical
script stage onwards to ) as phonetic with
the associated sense taken either as i] ‘walk/
move around randomly’ (Tōdō), or ii] ‘be-
1218
L1
享
KYŌ
receive, have
8 strokes
KYŌJUSHArecipient
KYŌYŪpossession
KYŌRAKU enjoyment
Bronze ; seal . Bronze shows a watchtower
atop city walls. Some scholars (Katō, Ogawa)
take this as abbreviated version of same
come twisted’ (Ogawa), ‘insane’ (Katō [Ogawa
also, as extended sense]), either way giving
‘uncontrollable dog’, and by extension ‘dog
goes out of control’, then ‘dog’ was dropped to
give generalized ‘go wild/insane’. Tōdō’s view
is based on taking the right-hand element
as originally corresponding to the same element
in 652 ‘go’, on which Qiu is in agreement.
TA1965:415; OT1968:640; QX2000:253;
KJ1970:270-71. Suggest taking right-hand
element simply as 5 ‘king’.
Mnemonic: THE KING IS A MAD DOG!
graph with two watchtowers, one on top, one
beneath, signifying structures opposite each
other; this view seems unnecessary, for the
meaning is the same, whether one watchtower
or two. Senses such as ‘receive’ are loan usages.
OT1968:37; QX2000:129,323; KJ1970:281. Take
27 ‘child’, lid , 22 ‘mouth’.
Mnemonic: CHILD RECEIVES LID OVER
MOUTH
1219
況
KYŌ, mashite
situation, more so
L2
8 strokes
JŌKYŌsituation
mashitemore so
iwanya* still more/less
Seal ; a late graph (Shuowen). Has 42
‘water’, and 114 (‘elder brother’) as phonetic
with associated sense ‘cold’, thus giving ‘cold
water’. The abstract meanings such as ‘situation’
and ‘all the more’ are loan usages. KJ1970:269-
70; OT1968:565.
Mnemonic: WET SITUATION, EVEN MORE SO
FOR ELDER BROTHER
1220
峡
KYŌ
ravine, gorge, pass
L1
9 strokes
KAIKYŌstrait(s)
KYŌKOKUravine, gorge
CHIKYŌ isthmus
A late, post-Shuowen graph; traditional . Has
26 ‘mountain, hill’, and NJK ‘put between’.
The latter element comprises one person with
arms outstretched 56 ‘big’, with two smaller
people (+ , 41) under those outstretched
arms. It functions as both semantic and
phonetic, giving ‘that which comes between
mountains’, i.e. ‘ravine, gorge, pass’. OT1968:303;
SS1984:193; TA1965:862. We suggest taking the
right hand element as 601 ‘man, husband’
and as ‘away, out’ 70.
Mnemonic: MAN TRIES TO GET OUT OF
MOUNTAIN RAVINE
The Remaining 1130 Characters 363