480531170

938
存
SON, ZON
senses ‘not move’ > ‘stay, exist’. Ogawa treats
exist, know, think as ‘exist’ and as abbreviation of 565 (‘descendants’)
as phonetic with associated sense
L3
6 strokes
‘put in order’ extending to ‘exist, be’, but is unpersuasive.
It is felt there is a link between and
SEIZONSHAsurvivor
SONZAIexistence
both as graphs and words in early Chinese,
ZONjiruknow, think
but uncertainty over the etymology of the graph
hampers our understanding of that for .
‘Know, think’ seem to be extended or borrowed
meanings. Suggest taking elements as hand
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has (see
711), taken with possible meaning ‘blocked
river’ or ‘be/ exist’ (its precursor quite likely
139 [now meaning ‘talent’ q.v.]), and 27 ‘child’,
widely taken as phonetic with associated sense
‘piled high’, thus ‘river blocked with piled soil’
(Katō, Yamada). Yamada also proposes extended
holding stick , with 27 ‘child’. YK1976:338;
KJ1970:421; OT1968:266; AS2007:200.
Mnemonic: THINKING CHILD WITH STICK IN
HAND KNOWS HE EXISTS
939
尊
SON, tattoi/bu, tōtoi
value, respect
L3
12 strokes
SONCHŌrespect
SONDAI naarrogant
SONGENdignity
OBI ; seal ; traditional . OBI, bronze, and
seal forms show two hands offering wine jar to
the deities; the jar has stopper / lid, shown in traditional
form by the top two downward strokes.
940
宅
TAKU
house, home
L3
6 strokes
JITAKUone’s own home
TAKUCHIhousing-land
oTAKUyour home, you
OBI ; seal . Has 30 ‘roof, building’, with
乇 (orig. pictograph of sprouting plant emerg-
941
L3
担
TAN, katsugu, ninau
carry, bear
8 strokes
TANTŌresponsibility
ninaitebearer
FUTANburden
Seal (orig ) ; late graph (Shuowen). Traditional
form of is . Scholars agree that the
original form of is , i.e. 41 ‘person’, with
as phonetic with associated sense ‘carry on
the back’. In a later seal version, the left-hand
The two hands became stylised to , then commonly
changed to a one-hand representation
920. Original meaning is felt to be ‘offer wine’
– Ma says ‘respectfully offer’ – then by extension
the wine jars. Ogawa takes ‘respect’ as an
extended sense based on offering to the deities,
but Katō feels it is loan usage. See also 318
sake. YK1976:339-40; KJ1970:652; MR2007:523;
OT1968:289.
Mnemonic: HAND HOLDS VALUED
WINE-BOTTLE WITH FANCY STOPPER
ing above ground, with root below) as phonetic
with assoc. sense ‘open’ > ‘open up a dwelling’
– in ancient China caves were often used
as dwellings. ‘Root’ may also indicate a base.
YK1976:349; KJ1970:674-5; MS1995:v1:362-3.
Take 乇 as ‘seven’ 32 with ‘top’.
Mnemonic: SEVEN ROOMED HOUSE WITH
ROOF ON TOP
determinative was changed from ’person’ to
34 ‘hand’, giving , which can be seen as a
variant form: the authoritative Kangxi zidian of
1716 lists as ‘the same as ’. The modern form
, which is treated as the abbreviated version
of , is originally a graph of different meaning
(‘strike, hit’) pressed into service as a substitute
for the more complicated graph. YK1976:350;
KJ1970:250; OT1968:408; ZY2009:v2:436,395.
Suggest take right-hand part as ‘one’ 1 ‘day’ 66.
Mnemonic: CARRY BURDEN IN HAND FOR
ONE WHOLE DAY
The 181 Sixth Grade Characters 289