480531170

889
L1
890
L3
視
SHI, miru
see, look, regard
11 strokes
SHIRYOKUeyesight
SHIKAKUvision
MUSHIignore
OBI ; seal . The seal form onwards
has 20 ‘see’, but the OBI form shows it
詞
SHI, kotoba
word, part of speech
12 strokes
DŌSHIverb
KASHIlyrics
kotobagakiforeword
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 118
‘words, speak’, and 524 (‘official’, ‘administer’)
as phonetic with divergent analyses. One
commentator takes associated sense of as
891
誌
SHI
record, journal
L3
14 strokes
HONSHIthis publication
ZASSHImagazine
SHŪKANSHIa weekly
Seal ; first appears in a later version of
Shuowen. Has 718 (‘intend’) as phonetic with
892
L1
磁
JI
magnet, porcelain
14 strokes
JISHAKUmagnet
JIKIporcelain
JIRYOKUmagnetism
A late graph (Yupian); the traditional form has
right-hand (NJK; original meaning ‘threads
dyed twice’) or (NJK; original meaning:
‘abundant vegetation shoots’). In early China, the
graph 1417 ‘kind, affection’ was borrowed for
its sound value as a convenient means of writing
the homophonous/near-homophonous word
for ‘magnet, magnetic’. According to Qiu, there
was also a semantic link: the ancients likened the
way a magnet attracts iron to the bond of caring
was originally 76 ‘eye’, and 723 (‘show’,
‘altar’) as phonetic with associated sense ‘stop’,
giving ‘stop eye movement and watch/keep
watching’. Yamada gives the OBI form with
‘eye’, yet analyzes – presumably inadvertently
– as ‘see’. KJ1970:447-8; MS1995:v2:1178-9;
MR2007:398; YK1976:223.
Mnemonic: LOOK TO SEE WHAT’S ON SHOW
AT THE ALTAR
‘help, assist’, giving ‘helper word’, i.e. ‘grammatical
particle/function word’ (Katō). Tōdō takes as
‘embellish, add modification’, giving ‘modifying
word’, while Yamada regards sense as ‘inherit,
follow’, to give ‘word to use as a link’, i.e. ‘grammatical
particle/function word’. The specific
senses noted above were later generalized to
just ‘word’. KJ1970:458; TA1965:78; YK1976:224.
Mnemonic: PARTS OF SPEECH ARE USED BY
ADMINISTRATORS
associated sense ‘make a note, write down’,
and 118 ‘words; speak’, giving ‘record, write
down’. TA1965:83-5; YK1976:225-6; OT1968:931.
We suggest taking as 521 ‘samurai’ and
164 ‘heart/feelings’.
Mnemonic: JOURNAL RECORDS SAMURAI’S
WORDS ABOUT FEELINGS
that links mother and child. Subsequently, 47
‘stone, rock’ was added to so as to unambiguously
represent the word ‘magnet’, and as a
further development after that, 164 (‘heart,
mind, feelings’) was omitted, resulting in .
The associated sense of the right-hand element
of , which serves as a phonetic, is typically
(and best) taken as ‘attract’, giving ‘stone which
attracts’. ‘Porcelain’ is a substitute usage of in
place of (NJK; ‘porcelain’). Regarding historical
fluctuation between and as the right-hand
element, see opening comments on 1416; see
also Note in 1417. KJ1970:33-5; QX2000:331;
MS1995:v2:1116; TA1965:111-14; AS2007:633
Mnemonic: ROCK HAS MYSTERIOUS
MAGNETIC THREADS
276 The 181 Sixth Grade Characters