480531170

760
総
SŌ, subete
whole, total
L3
14 strokes
SŌGAKUtotal amount
SŌGŌsynthesis
SŌRIDAIJINprime minister
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen); traditional
Has 29 ‘thread’, and 恖 (‘restless, hurried’
[comprising 164 ‘heart, mind’, with 囱
‘window’ as phonetic with associated sense
‘restless’]) as phonetic with associated sense
‘bundle together’, to give ‘put thread into a bundle/ball’,
extending to all/total. KJ1970:586-587;
KJ1975:329-30; OT1968:782; MS1995:v1:510-11.
We suggest taking as ‘public’ 126.
Mnemonic: THREAD RUNS THROUGH
FEELINGS OF PUBLIC AS A WHOLE
761
造
ZŌ, tsukuru
make, build
L3
10 strokes
ZŌSENshipbuilding
MOKUZŌmade of wood
JINZŌmanmade
Bronze ; seal . Has 85 ‘walk, move’,
and 507 (‘proclaim’), typically taken here as
phonetic with associated sense ‘arrive’, to give
‘walk and arrive’ (Katō, Yamada, Ogawa); in this
view, ‘make’ is a loan usage. Schuessler, though,
regards not as phonetic but as semantic,
meaning ‘report’, and takes it as part of an
original word in early Chinese written with (the
early equivalent of) meaning ‘go and offer (a
sacrifice)’ or ‘go to court’, actions usually involving
some report. Schuessler also notes a possible
word-family type relationship of the word
just described with two other early Chinese
near-homophones meaning ‘proceed, achieve’
and ‘do, make, build’, broadly corresponding
with the first interpretation above. KJ1970:408;
YK1976:330; OT1968:999; AS2007:601-2.
Mnemonic: MAKE A MOVE TO BUILD AND
PROCLAIM IT
762
L3
像
ZŌ
image
14 strokes
SŌZŌimagination
MOKUZŌwooden statue
GENZŌdeveloping (film)
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 41 ‘person’,
and 540 (‘elephant; image’) as phonetic
with associated sense ‘state, appearance’, to
give ‘a person’s appearance; imitate a person;
later generalized to ‘appearance’. KJ1970:542;
YK1976:332; OT1968:80.
Mnemonic: IMAGE OF ELEPHANT MAN
763
L3
増
ZŌ, masu, fueru/yasu
increase, build up
14 strokes
ZŌDAIincrease
ZŌZEItax increase
ZŌFUKUamplification
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen); traditional
Has 64 ‘earth, ground’, and 93 (originally
‘two-tiered rice steamer’) as semantic and
phonetic meaning ‘pile up’, to give ‘pile up earth
on top of earth’. Sense then generalized to ‘pile
up, increase’. Pre-seal forms listed by Mizukami
lack the ‘earth’ determinative. MS1995:v1:278-9;
KJ1970:319-20; YK1976:332. Suggest taking
right-hand part as 66 ‘day’, 70 ‘eight’, and
63 ‘field’.
Mnemonic: BUILD UP EARTH IN FIELD OVER
EIGHT DAYS
242 The 185 Fifth Grade Characters