480531170

741
L3
情
11
JŌ, SEI, nasake
feeling, pity,
circumstances
strokes
DŌJŌsympathy
JŌSEIsituation
nasakenaiwretched
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 164
‘heart, mind’, and 45 (‘blue, green’) as
phonetic with associated sense taken as
‘earnestly seek’, to give ‘earnestly seek from
the heart’(Katō, Yamada), or with associated
sense ‘pure’, giving ‘untarnished beautiful
heart’(Ogawa). Either interpretation then
gives the generalized sense ‘heart’. Schuessler
notes the related sense ‘feelings’, and also early
use meaning ‘proper nature, circumstances’.
KJ1970:593; YK1976:280-81; OT1968:375;
AS2007:433.
Mnemonic: HEART MADE BLUE THROUGH
FEELING PITY
742
L1
織
SHOKU, SHIKI, oru
weave
18 strokes
SHOKKIloom
SOSHIKITEKIsystematic
orimonotextiles
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 29
‘thread’, and 戠 (CO, original meaning ‘cut
branch/ stake thrust into ground’: see 725) as
phonetic with associated sense ‘straight’, to
give ‘set thread on loom straight’ (Ogawa sees
it as vertical thread); by extension, ‘weave’.
KJ1970:558; YK1976:283; OT1968:791. Suggest
halberd 戈 as giant needle, as ‘sound’ 6.
Mnemonic: THE SOUND OF A HALBERD
WEAVING THREADS!?
743
L3
職
SHOKU
employment, job
18 strokes
SHOKUNINartisan
SHOKUGYŌprofession
MUSHOKUjobless
Bronze ; seal . Has 31 ‘ear’; here
considered to signify not ‘ear’, but by analogy
‘something attached next to’), and 戠 (CO, ‘cut
branch/stake thrust into the ground’: see 725)
as semantic and phonetic, giving ‘flag/banner
attached to stake thrust into the ground’. Merchants
would each set up their own banner to
indicate their particular line of trade (Katō takes
to include officials also), and on this basis there
evolved the extended sense ‘job, occupation’
for this graph. MS1995:v2:1060-62; KJ1970:309-
10; YK1976:284. Suggest halberd 戈 as lance,
as ‘sound/noise’ 6.
Mnemonic: JOB AS LANCER LEAVES NOISE IN
EARS
744
L3
制
SEI
system, control
8 strokes
SEIDOsystem
SEISHIrestraint
KYŌSEIcompulsion
Bronze ; seal . Has in block script, which
old forms show to be a variant of 617 (‘not
yet’) used in its original sense of ‘tree with
luxuriant growth’ (Mizukami and Katō take as
‘old tree’ ready for cutting down and using), and
198 ‘knife, blade’, to give ‘cut down tree with
a blade’. A carpenter would cut down a big tree
systematically, from ‘cut down’ in that context
the extended sense ‘judge, decide’ evolved.
MS1995:v1:126-7; KJ1970:597-8; YK1976:300.
Suggest as combination of 108 ‘cow’ and
1232 ‘cloth’.
Mnemonic: CUTTING CLOTH FOR COW
REQUIRES SYSTEMATIC CONTROL
The 185 Fifth Grade Characters 237