480531170

483
L1
漁
GYO, RYŌ
fishing
14 strokes
GYOSENfishing boat
RYŌSHI(pro) fisherman
GYOGYŌfishery
OBI ; seal . Has 42 water, and 109 ‘fish’,
to give ‘fish in water’, and by extension ‘catch fish’.
Some of the OBI occurrences have up to four
fish; the bronze form has two hands added. As
proposed by Ogawa and Yamada, the SJ reading
RYŌ – less to be expected than the more regular
reading GYO, and difficult to explain in terms
of the early Chinese pronunciation – probably
arose through confused association with SJ
RYŌ ‘hunt’ 2090. MS1995:v2:794-5; OT1968:606;
YK1976:130; KJ1970:269.
Mnemonic: FISHING MEANS CATCHING FISH
IN WATER
484
L3
共
KYŌ, tomo
together
6 strokes
KYŌTSŪcommonality
tomoguicannibalism
KYŌDŌjoint-
OBI ; bronze ; seal . The OBI through
to seal forms all have two hands offering
up an object which appears to be typically
interpreted as a jade disc with a center hole
(Mizukami, Katō, Yamada); Ogawa is more
cautious, and takes it in more general terms as
some type of object. ‘Provide’ is an extended
sense; the meaning ‘all together’ is found from
pre-Han times (Schuessler). MS1995:v1:102-3;
KJ1970:234-5; YK1976:130; OT1968:97;
AS2007:256-7. Suggest taking the upper part as
53 ‘plant’ and the lower part as a table.
Mnemonic: PLANT AND TABLE GO TOGETHER
485
協
KYŌ
OBI form comprising 78 ‘strength’ tripled
cooperate
listed by Mizukami, meaning ‘collect strength
L3
8 strokes
and put together’. The graph 35 ‘ten, many’
was added at seal stage to reinforce the
KYŌTEIagreement
meaning, with a phonetic role with associated
KYŌRYOKUcooperation
meaning ‘collect’ (Katō). MS1995:v1:168-9,138-9;
KYŌKAIassociation
KJ1970:360; YK1976:132.
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). The underlying
word seems to have been represented in
writing already in Shang times, as there is an
Mnemonic: TEN TRIPLE-STRONG ARMS
COOPERATING
486
鏡
KYŌ, kagami
mirror
L1
19 strokes
BŌENKYŌtelescope
KYŌDAIdressing table
tekagamihand mirror
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 16 ‘metal’,
and NJK (‘end’, originally of a piece of music)
as phonetic with associated sense ‘appearance,
shape’. In early China, mirrors were typically
thin discs made of bronze, with the back
decorated – often ornately – with patterns and
motifs of great significance (mythological, etc.),
and often featured inscriptions also. Bronze was
a material used extensively for ritual artefacts
such as mirrors, affordable only to the wealthy.
KJ1970:350-51; OT1968:1049; YK1976:135. Suggest
taking as its components 6 ‘sound’
and 41 ‘bent legs’, for a Zen-like mnemonic.
Mnemonic: THE SOUND OF BENT LEGS IN A
METAL MIRROR!?
166 The 200 Fourth Grade Characters