480531170

479
L3
泣
KYŪ, naku
weep, cry
8 strokes
KYŪSO imploring
nakimushi ‘cry baby’
nakidasu burst into tears
OBI ; seal forms , . OBI and first seal form
have 76 ‘eye’ with 42 ‘water, liquid’ (here,
tears), while the second seal form has/ ‘water,
liquid’ with 77 (‘stand’), generally taken
as a phonetic with associated sense ‘tears’,
to mean ‘cry, weep’. On the basis of historical
pronunciation criteria, though, Tōdō considers
the above analysis questionable, and includes
in his word-family ‘put between and obstruct’,
interpreting as denoting crying interrupted
with loud gasps, i.e. ‘sob’. KJ1970:261;
MS1995:v2:740-41; YK1976:125; OT1968:565;
TA1965:815-20.
Mnemonic: STAND WEEPING
WATERY TEARDROPS
救
KYŪ, sukuu
rescue, redeem
L3
11 strokes
KYŪMEIBUI lifebuoy
KYŪEN rescue, relief
sukuidasu extricate
480 Bronze ; seal . Has / 112 ‘strike with
whip/stick; compel’, and 478 (originally fur
garment, now meaning ‘request’) as phonetic
with associated sense ‘stop, rest’, to give ‘cause
to stop’. ‘Help’ is a loan usage. MS1995:v1:572-3;
KJ1970:263; YK1976:126.
Mnemonic: BEING BEATEN – REQUEST
RESCUE
481
L3
給
KYŪ, tamau
supply, bestow
12 strokes
KYŌKYŪsupply
GEKKYŪmonthly pay
kitamaeCome!
Seal ; a late graph (Shuowen). Has 29
‘thread’ (originally silk thread), and 134
(‘join’) as semantic and phonetic, to give ‘join
up silk threads’. This involved quickly joining
up broken silk threads from cocoons in the silk
manufacturing process, and so ‘supplement,
make up (a deficiency)’ evolved as an extended
use. In modern Japanese, also employed occasionally
for the verbal suffix –tamau, based
on the older honorific verb tamau ‘to bestow’
(of a superior to an inferior). OT1968:776;
KJ1970:260-61; YK1976:127.
Mnemonic: SUPPLY JOINED THREADS
482
L 1
挙
10
KYO, ageru, kozotte
raise, offer, act,
perform,together
strokes
KYOSHUraising hands
SENKYOelection
IKKYO niat a stroke
Bronze ; seal ; slightly modified traditional
form . Has 34 ‘hand’, and , which is the
traditional form of 2047 ‘give’, serving here
in the majority view as phonetic with associated
sense ‘lift up high’ (Ogawa takes as ‘join
together and raise up’). Overall meaning is ‘lift
up high with the hands’. Bronze form has many
hands, so ‘all together’ may be an extended
sense. KJ1970:268; TA1965:423-8; YK1976:129;
OT1968:411. Suggest taking modern form as
hand and as laden table.
Mnemonic: HAND RAISES LADEN
TABLE – SOME ACT!
The 200 Fourth Grade Characters 165