480531170

426
L1
羊
YŌ, hitsuji
sheep
6 strokes
YŌHIsheepskin
YŌSUIamniotic fluid
hitsujikaishepherd
OBI ; seal . Originally a pictograph showing
head and horns of a sheep; as Ma observes,
427
L4
洋
YŌ
ocean, Western
9 strokes
SEIYŌJINWesterner
TAISEIYŌAtlantic Ocean
YŌSHOKUWestern food
OBI ; seal . Generally taken as 42
‘water’, and 426 (‘sheep’) as phonetic with
428
葉
YŌ, ha
leaf, generation
L3
12 strokes
SHIN’YŌJUconifer
hamakicigar
hagakipostcard
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 53 plant/
grass, and 枼 (OBI form ; a CO that originally
represented thin flat leaves on tree branches,
429
陽
YŌ, hi
sunny, male, positive
L3
12 strokes
YŌKYOKUanode
YŌKIliveliness, good cheer
TAIYŌKEIsolar system
this stands for the whole animal. Katō and
Mizukami follow the view in Shuowen that
the tail is shown also, though the longish line
in some OBI occurrences could represent the
body instead. In compound graphs, the shortened
form is often used. MR2007:293-4;
YK1976:482; KJ1970:875; MS1995:v2:1038-9.
Mnemonic: THIN-BODIED SHEEP WITH
HORNS AND THREE STRIPES
associated sense unclear because this graph
originally denoted a river name (Katō, Ogawa,
Yamada). Its meaning of ‘sea, ocean’ is regarded
as a loan usage. Mizukami, though, takes
here as having the associated sense ‘spacious,
expansive’. KJ1970:535-6; OT1968:573;
YK1976:483; MS1995:v2:750-52.
Mnemonic: OCEAN OF WHITE SHEEP, NOT
WHITE HORSES!
later stylized to 344 ‘generation’ qv and
73 ‘tree’) as phonetic with associated sense
‘thin and flat’. In Tōdō’s word-family ‘thin’. He
suggests that the (lesser and now rare) sense
‘generation, age’ is a metaphoric use based
on layers of leaves one on top of the other.
OT1968:863; MS1995:v1:662; TA1965:831-3.
Mnemonic: LEAVES ARE GENERATIONS OF
PLANTS ON A TREE
OBI ; seal . Has 1907 ‘hill, piled-up earth’
and 161 (CO, ‘sun rises’) as semantic and
phonetic to give ‘sun shines’ > ‘sunny hill/hillside’.
By extension, ‘sun; bright, warm’. A further
extended meaning, deriving from ancient Chinese
belief, is yang ‘the male/positive principle’
(YŌ), which contrasts with 1635 (IN) ‘the
female/negative principle’, as in ‘Yin and Yang’.
KJ1970:879; MS1995:v2:1400-02; OT1968:1072.
Mnemonic: POSITIVELY SUNNY RAYS FALL
ON HILLSIDE
150 The 200 Third Grade Characters