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323
習
SHŪ, narau
learn, train
L4
11 strokes
RENSHŪ practice
SHŪJI penmanship
minarai apprentice
OBI . Generally taken as 82, traditional
form of ‘bird feathers’, with (as an abbreviated
form of 150 ‘nose/self’) as phonetic with
associated sense ‘accumulate’; meaning was
originally a bird flapping its wings practicing to
fly, and by extension ‘repeat and practice; learn’.
However, the element taken as or looks
somewhat different in shape (close to OBI forms
for ‘sun’ in some occurrences), and so Ma
interprets instead as 66 ‘sun’, to give over
, with original sense ‘bird flying in the sky
on a fine day’. MS1995:v2:1046-7; OT1968:802;
YK1976:252-3; MR2007:289. We suggest taking
modern form as 69 ‘white’.
Mnemonic: LEARNING TO FLY WITH WHITE
WINGS
324
集
SHŪ, atsumeru/maru OBI ; bronze ; traditional . Traditional
gather, collect
L3
form has three birds on 73 ‘tree’ but earlier
and modern forms have just one. Has
12 strokes
‘(short-tailed) bird’ as opposed to 190 ‘bird’
SHŪDAN group
(general). ‘Birds gathering on tree’ gives the
HENSHŪ editing
meaning ‘collect, gather’. MS1995:v2:1416-7;
atsumari a gathering
MR2007:296; OT1968:1077; KJ1970:511.
Mnemonic: BIRDS GATHERED IN TREE
325
住
JŪ, sumu
reside, live
L4
7 strokes
JŪSHO address
JŪTAKU dwelling
sumite occupant
A very late graph (Shirakawa puts origin in
Six Dynasties period [229-589AD]). Has 41
‘person’, and 315 (‘main/master’, originally
‘lamp’) as phonetic with associated sense ‘stay
still’. OT1968:54; SS1984:415; YK1976:255.
Mnemonic: THE PERSON NEAR THE LAMP
LIVES HERE
326
L4
重
9
JŪDAI seriousness
omosa weight
mie three-fold
JŪ, CHŌ, omoi, -e,
kasaneru/naru
heavy, pile, -fold
strokes
Simpler bronze form , more complex bronze
form . The simpler version consists of 41
‘person’, with 201, now meaning ‘east’ but
here with its original meaning of ‘sack (with
things inside)’ and as phonetic. The more complex
bronze form adds 64 ‘earth, ground’ as
bottom component. Thus the literal meaning is
person standing upright (on the ground) with
things in a sack, which by extension stands
for ‘heavy’, and then also ‘pile up’ and ‘-fold’.
MS1995:v2:1356-7; KJ1970:704; OT1968:1031.
We suggest taking the graph as a variant of
33 ‘vehicle’ with extra wheels.
Mnemonic: HEAVY VEHICLE HAS EXTRA
WHEELS
124 The 200 Third Grade Characters