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34 < IDC Winter 2010 One personal testimonial: The following is a letter recently received from one of our students spending this semester at Singapore Management University (SMU). It offers personal insight into the reasons why exchange programs are so important to an international university: “I have found studying at SMU a unique and challenging experience. In fact, this is my first time being out of Israel for such a long time and I can definitely guarantee that it is a recommended adventure that every student who can afford should do. Personally, the main advantage of this experience I’ve found is improving my English skills (mostly speaking, but also thinking, writing, reading and analyzing as well). Secondly, meeting so many people, local and from abroad (SMU has very strong connections with well-regarded universities), “tasting” their food and observing their customs, becoming familiar with the interesting traditions and holidays, especially since Singapore is a multi-cultural society, making this period of my life one that is colorful and happy. I am not going to paint this as perfect or void of disadvantages - mostly being home-sick at times - yet I think that I’ll be well-prepared to continue my studies at IDC because I consider this exchange-program as refreshing.” With Kind Regards, Liran Iancovici (Student of Law and Government) NEWLY FUNDED ACADEMIC PROJECTS IDC Herzliya continues to make great progress this year with grant submissions and newly funded projects. Competitive grants have been received from the Israel Science Foundation, General Motors, Microsoft, Amdocs, the Ministry of Defense, the US–Israel Binational Science Foundation, the Ministry of Industry, the Jewish Agency, The Israel Internet Association and the European Commission. the eu unDer the temPus PrOgrAm hAs funDeD An 800k multi-nAtiOnAl PrOPOsAl sPeArheADeD By iDc tO helP incOrPOrAte iDc AcADemic POlicies intO eurOPeAn-wiDe thinking – DesigneD tO fAcilitAte crOss- BOrDer mOBility Of stuDents AnD fAculty IDC and Europe: In the following paragraphs we discuss two projects, recently secured, that bring IDC Herzliya into the European Higher Education Area (EHEA). IDC Herzliya spearheaded, through the office of the Academic Secretary, the development and submission of a multi-national proposal to the European Union, under the TEMPUS program. This 800K Euro proposal, entitled Central Offices Responsible for the Integration at Home of Internationalisation as Assurance of quality in the Meda region, and to be managed by our Brussels-based partner, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, has been funded. Its main goal is to help us incorporate several features of our academic policies into current European-wide thinking – mainly the Bologna Process, designed to facilitate cross-border mobility of students and faculty. The core objectives of this project are the introduction of quality mechanisms specific to the process of internationalization and the services offered by the Central Offices for International Relations; preparation of specialists in the EHEA; implementation of EHEA instruments that facilitate mobility and joint ventures between European countries and the Middle East; the development of a strategy for internationalization; and a pilot project on the implementation of the European Credit Transfer System (ECTS). Finally, a goal is to disseminate results to third parties in Middle East. Through the Erasmus Mundus program of the European Union, we are also partner to another multi-national consortium that was recently funded – also managed by the Vrije Universiteit Brussel. This program allows IDC Herzliya to offer several annual scholarships to students for semester-long exchange programs with partner institutions in Europe. Three students are already enjoying full scholarships this semester in Prague and Istanbul. SELECTED RESEARCH IN THE SPOTLIGHT: NEW SCHOOL OF PSYCHOLOGY To give the reader a sense of the varied research undertaken at IDC Herzliya, in this issue we spotlight several recent competitive research grants secured by IDC Herzliya researchers: Can Security-Enhanced Interventions Overcome Barriers to Compassion in Couple, Peer, and Intergroup Relationships? Prof. Mario Mikulincer (Psychology), Funded by Fetzer Institute, Kalamazoo, Michigan. Previous studies funded by the Fetzer Institute and conducted in our laboratories in the US and Israel, studies based on applications of Bowlby’s attachment theory, demonstrated that the experimental activation of a sense of attachment insecurity (“security priming”) increases empathy, compassion, and altruistic helping; heightens the salience of prosocial, self-transcendent values; and diminishes hostile reactions to the fetZer institute is funDing A stuDy By PrOf. mAriO mAkulincer tO PrOviDe A DeePer PsychOlOgicAl unDerstAnDing Of cOmPAssiOnAte lOve in sPecific relAtiOnAl cOntexts AnD suggest new wAys in which security Priming cAn Be useD tO fOster cOmPAssiOnAte lOve in the reAl wOrlD. members of outgroups. In other words, attachment security is a foundation for compassion and compassionate love for all humanity, one of the Fetzer Institute’s key concerns. We also found that chronic attachment insecurity (dispositional attachment anxiety and/or avoidance) are related to deficiencies in empathy and altruism and to lack of tolerance for outgroup members. The three-year research program proposed here will extend our
efforts in three new directions: (a) determining whether security priming removes or overcomes the barriers to compassion that have been identified by other researchers; (b) studying the effects of security priming on compassionate love within three different relational contexts – romantic relationships, small groups, and intergroup interactions; and (c) designing and evaluating longer-term, more powerful security priming interventions that can be used in the real world. In particular, we propose nine laboratory experiments examining the contribution of security priming, chronic attachment insecurities, and compassion barriers to the sensitive provision of compassionate care in couple relationships, prosocial behavior in small group settings, and generous behavior toward members of outgroups. To evaluate the replicability and cross-cultural generalizability of our findings, each study will include half American participants and half Israeli participants, as in our previous Fetzer studies. The results will provide a deeper psychological understanding of compassionate love in specific relational contexts and suggest new ways in which security priming can be used to foster compassionate love in the real world. STUDYING THE LONG TERM EFFECTS OF PRISONERS OF WAR Trajectories and Underlying Mechanisms of the Long-Term Mental Health Consequences of War Captivity: An Attachment Perspective. Prof. Mario Mikulincer (Psychology), Funded by the US-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF) Being a prisoner of war (POW) is usually extremely traumatic, often causing serious damage to mental and physical health. We propose to learn more about the long-term effects of such experiences and gain insights into how their damaging effects might be ameliorated. We have an opportunity to follow Israeli ex-POWs of the Yom Kippur War and examine the longterm trajectories of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as well as the psychological mechanisms that contribute to resilience and successful recovery and those that underlie chronic or delayed PTSD. In previous studies we collected data on these ex-POWs’ THE FINDINGS WILL HAVE IMPORTANT THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS FOR UNDERSTANDING AND TREATING THE EMOTIONAL PROBLEMS OF EX-POWS. PTSD symptoms 18 and 30 years after the war and compared them with outcomes for a matched control group of Israeli veterans. In the proposed follow-up study, we would re-contact members of these two groups 35 years after the war and examine the functioning of their “attachment systems,” one of the basic psycho-biological systems involved in emotion regulation, mental health, and personal and social adjustment. Specifically, ex-POWs and matched controls would complete self-report scales and experimental tasks and would participate in narrative interviews that assess psychopathology and attachment-related emotions, beliefs, and experiences. We would determine the extent to which attachment-related mental representations act as regulatory, soothing, and healing agents in the Being A PrisOner Of wAr (POw) is usuAlly extremely trAumAtic, Often cAusing seriOus DAmAge tO mentAl AnD PhysicAl heAlth. the us-isrAel BinAtiOnAl science fOunDAtiOn is funDing this stuDy tO leArn mOre ABOut the lOng-term effects Of such exPeriences minds and lives of ex-POWS with different long-term PTSD trajectories: resilience, chronic PTSD, delayed PTSD, and recovery from PTSD. The findings will have important theoretical and practical implications for understanding and treating the emotional problems of ex-POWs. hOt Off the Press AcADemic news A NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL STUDY HUMAN LONG-TERM MEMORY Memory to Action in the Parietal Lobes: A Neuropsychological Study Dr. Daniel Levy (Psychology), Funded by the Israel Science Foundation One of the most interesting current riddles in cognitive neuroscience relates to the role of posterior lateral parietal cortex in human long-term memory. Electrophysiological and hemodynamic studies of memory have consistently noted robust parietal activation during memory retrieval. On the other hand, contemporary neuropsychological studies have found that parietal lesions do not impair performance on a wide range of long-term memory tasks, including item recognition, source memory retrieval, and directed retrieval of autobiographical memory. The proposed study addresses these seemingly contradictory findings in light of Dr. Levy’s Memory-to-Action hypothesis: that posterior parietal cortex does not play a role in retrieval itself, but rather in post-retrieval processes that support subsequent action – specifically, holding memoranda in a working One Of the mOst interesting current riDDles in cOgnitive neurOscience relAtes tO the rOle Of POsteriOr lAterAl PArietAl cOrtex in humAn lOng-term memOry. memory episodic buffer. This study will explore the relationship between mnemonic and attentional processes in which posterior parietal cortex is implicated, with an eye towards differential roles of superior and inferior lateral parietal subregions. Dr. Levy plans to conduct neuropsychological studies of patients with parietal lobe lesions, assessing their performance on challenging recognition memory tasks and multi-modal pair associate cued recall, in order to test the limits of memory function preserved in face of parietal damage (which will be quantitatively characterized using clinical imaging and advanced analyses). NEW PROGRAMS IN POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY LAUDER SCHOOL OF GOVERNMENT, DIPLOMACY & STRATEGY A new program in Political Psychology was established at IDC by Prof. Alex Mintz (director of the program) and Dr. Eran Halperin (associate director). As of February 1, 2010, Dr. Mintz will serve as editor of the journal, Political Psychology, which will be housed at the Lauder School, and will edit the University of Chicago Press book series on Leadership and Decision Making in the International Arena (with Rose McDermott). Halperin will run a workshop in Political Psychology with leading scholars as guest lecturers. The program will host the 2013 annual meeting of the International Society of Political Psychology at the IDC. Faculty members from the New School of Psychology, the Arison Business School and the Lauder School of Government, as well as a few graduate students, are involved in this research program. IDC Winter 2010 > 35
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