Historical Dictionary of United States-Japan ... - Bakumatsu Films

YOSHIDA, SHOIN • 271
to 30 October 1952). Yoshida made positive responses to changes to
U.S. occupation policies around 1947, especially to the Dodge Line,
an austere fiscal policy established in February 1949. Yoshida determined
the route for the postwar Japanese economic policy that turned
economic recovery into economic growth. Yoshida concluded the
San Francisco Peace Treaty and the Japan–U.S. Security Treaty
on 8 September 1951.
Yoshida formed the fourth Yoshida Cabinet (30 October 1952 to 21
May 1953). At this time, he was criticized for concluding the
Japan–U.S. Security Treaty. The anti-Yoshida movement grew gradually.
At a Lower House Budget Committee meeting held on 28 February
1953, Yoshida used offensive language to Eiichi Nishimura, a
representative from the Japan Socialist Party (JSP). The JSP proposed
a disciplinary motion against Yoshida, and it was passed on 2
March 1953. Moreover, a no-confidence motion against the cabinet
was submitted, and it was passed on 14 March 1953. Yoshida dissolved
the Lower House and a general election for the House of Representatives
was held on 19 April 1953. The Liberal Party lost more
than 40 seats, but Yoshida organized the fifth Yoshida Cabinet (21
May 1953 to 10 December 1954), although this was a minority government.
The anti-Yoshida movement gained influence and on 7 December
1954, Yoshida finally resigned as prime minister and as president
of the Liberal Party. On 14 October 1963, Yoshida decided to
withdraw from politics by declaring that he would not run in the next
general election. Yoshida died on 20 October 1967 and the Japanese
government accorded him a state funeral for the first time in postwar
history at the Budokan, Tokyo on 31 October 1967.
Yoshida’s philosophy was to make use of economic technocrats for
economic revival in the postwar era. Joining the Western military
bloc, Yoshida depended on the United States for Japan’s security.
Yoshida gradually adopted U.S. requests for Japan’s remilitarization;
at the same time, he used the connection with the United States for
Japanese economic revival.
YOSHIDA, SHOIN (1830–1859). A samurai from Choshu domain,
Yoshida was a student of Shozan Sakuma and proponent of the philosophy
of combining “Eastern ethics” with “Western science” to
protect Japan from the West. Yoshida also became a strong supporter