Historical Dictionary of United States-Japan ... - Bakumatsu Films

TRILATERAL COMMISSION • 245
tions. The Japanese government revised the Foreign Exchange and
Foreign Trade Control Law in September 1987.
TREATY OF PEACE BETWEEN JAPAN AND CHINA (TREATY
OF TAIPEI). The Treaty of Peace between Japan and Republic of
China (ROC) was designed to terminate the war status between Japan
and ROC. It was signed in Taipei on 28 April 1952, and became effective
on 5 August of the same year. Major clauses of this treaty include
Japan’s abandonment of territorial rights over Taiwan, assurance
of making efforts to conclude trade and fishing agreements, and
establishment of a peaceful and friendly relationship between the two
countries. When sex slaves for Japanese soldiers demanded compensation,
the Tokyo District Court handed down a judgment that because
of the Treaty of Peace between Japan and ROC, Taiwan had relinquished
its right to request reparation. This treaty was approved by
the United States, which used ROC as part of its efforts to contain the
People’s Republic of China during the Cold War. See also YOSHIDA
LETTER.
TREATY REVISION. From its reluctant acceptance of the Ansei
Treaties of 1858, which Japan regarded as “the unequal treaties,” a
primary diplomatic goal of the Tokugawa shogunate and then the
Meiji government was to revise these treaties on a more equitable basis.
The Iwakura Mission and other diplomatic missions sent by the
Japanese government failed to substantially revise the Ansei Treaties
with Western countries until the 1890s. See also MEIJI ERA; MEIJI
RESTORATION; MUTSU, MUNEMITSU.
TRILATERAL COMMISSION. The Trilateral Commission is a private,
non-profit policy consultative group advocated by David Rockefeller,
chief executive officer of the Chase Manhattan Bank, established
in 1973 by prominent leaders in the private sectors in Japan,
North America, and Europe. The commission carried out joint research
and discussions about domestic and international problems common to
advanced countries such as macroeconomic policy, international trade,
financial problems, politics and security issues, energy and science and
technology issues. Members also made efforts to deepen their common
understanding and make policy recommendations to governments and