Historical Dictionary of United States-Japan ... - Bakumatsu Films
Historical Dictionary of United States-Japan ... - Bakumatsu Films Historical Dictionary of United States-Japan ... - Bakumatsu Films
Chronology 1600 Ieyasu Tokugawa defeats his remaining enemies and establishes the Tokugawa Shogunate or bakufu (military government) in Edo. 1603 Ieyasu Tokugawa is formally appointed as shogun by the emperor. 1633–1639 Tokugawa bakufu issues maritime restrictions on contacts with Portuguese and Spanish, only allowing continued contact and trade with Dutch East India Company on Dejima Island in Nagasaki harbor. These restrictions are later known as sakoku, or “national seclusion,” and included prohibitions on Christianity. 1700s Shogun Yoshimune Tokugawa (reigned 1716–1745) allows the Dutch East India Company to import Western books on medical and scientific subjects for Japanese scholars. 1776–1783 American Revolution against Britain results in the formation of the United States of America. American ships based in New England soon began trade relations with China. Late 1700s–Early 1800s Western ships from Russia, Britain, and the United States occasionally arrive on Japanese coasts demanding trade. Provisions of food and water are sometimes given by Japanese, but all demands for trade relations are refused by domains and the Tokugawa bakufu. 1825 Tokugawa bakufu issues the Expulsion Edict, strengthening national seclusion laws. 1830 and 1835 United States government sends Edmund Roberts on missions to Asia to establish diplomatic and trade relations with several countries, including Japan. Roberts dies in Macao in 1835 before reaching Japan. xv
xvi • CHRONOLOGY 1833–1837 Famine throughout many areas of Japan. 1837 February–March: Heihachiro Oshio leads uprising in Osaka against the Tokugawa bakufu. 1837 June–July: The Morrison Incident. 1839–1841 The Opium War between Britain and China. 1841 June: Manjiro Nakahama and four other Japanese survivors of a shipwreck are rescued by William Whitfield of Massachusetts. 1845–1853 Pinnacle of “Manifest Destiny” in the United States. Most of Southwest, West, and Pacific Coast north of Mexico and south of Canada become territories or states of the United States. 1846 27 May: United States Navy Commodore James Biddle arrives in Japan. Tokugawa bakufu refuses to negotiate for trade and diplomatic relations. 1846–1848 Mexican–American War. 1847–1848 Ranald MacDonald of Oregon Territory in Japan. 1848 January: Gold discovered in Alta California, Mexican territory, beginning the Gold Rush. February Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ends the Mexican–American War. Texas, much of the American Southwest, and California become U.S. territories as a result of this treaty. 1850 Taiping Rebellion begins in China, lasting until 1864. 1850 9 September: California is formally admitted to United States as the 31st state of the union. 1851 January: Manjiro Nakahama returns to Japan after nine years in United States and the Kingdom of Hawaii. 1851 March: Hikozo Hamada (later known as Joseph Heco) is shipwrecked in late 1850, rescued by the American vessel Auckland, and arrives in San Francisco in March 1851. He remained in the United States until the fall of 1858. 1853 8 July: United States Navy Commodore Matthew C. Perry enters Uraga Bay near Edo with four warships to present diplomatic and trade proposals to Japan from the United States government. Perry departs to return the following year for negotiations.
- Page 1 and 2: HISTORICAL DICTIONARY OF UNITED STA
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- Page 12: Reader’s Notes Names in this work
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- Page 19 and 20: xviii • CHRONOLOGY Lincoln is ina
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- Page 31 and 32: xxx • CHRONOLOGY government dispa
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- Page 37 and 38: xxxvi • CHRONOLOGY 1992 9 January
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- Page 42 and 43: Introduction The most important bil
- Page 44 and 45: INTRODUCTION • 3 THE UNITED STATE
- Page 46 and 47: INTRODUCTION • 5 also increasingl
- Page 48 and 49: INTRODUCTION • 7 President Millar
- Page 50 and 51: ernment. Even the dour, conservativ
- Page 52 and 53: INTRODUCTION • 11 Japan, China, a
- Page 54 and 55: INTRODUCTION • 13 their hypotheti
- Page 56 and 57: in China were being threatened by t
- Page 58 and 59: INTRODUCTION • 17 recognize the v
- Page 60 and 61: INTRODUCTION • 19 the United Stat
- Page 62 and 63: however, required political stabili
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Chronology<br />
1600 Ieyasu Tokugawa defeats his remaining enemies and establishes<br />
the Tokugawa Shogunate or bakufu (military government) in Edo.<br />
1603 Ieyasu Tokugawa is formally appointed as shogun by the emperor.<br />
1633–1639 Tokugawa bakufu issues maritime restrictions on contacts<br />
with Portuguese and Spanish, only allowing continued contact and trade<br />
with Dutch East India Company on Dejima Island in Nagasaki harbor.<br />
These restrictions are later known as sakoku, or “national seclusion,”<br />
and included prohibitions on Christianity.<br />
1700s Shogun Yoshimune Tokugawa (reigned 1716–1745) allows the<br />
Dutch East India Company to import Western books on medical and scientific<br />
subjects for <strong>Japan</strong>ese scholars.<br />
1776–1783 American Revolution against Britain results in the formation<br />
<strong>of</strong> the <strong>United</strong> <strong>States</strong> <strong>of</strong> America. American ships based in New England<br />
soon began trade relations with China.<br />
Late 1700s–Early 1800s Western ships from Russia, Britain, and the<br />
<strong>United</strong> <strong>States</strong> occasionally arrive on <strong>Japan</strong>ese coasts demanding trade.<br />
Provisions <strong>of</strong> food and water are sometimes given by <strong>Japan</strong>ese, but all<br />
demands for trade relations are refused by domains and the Tokugawa<br />
bakufu.<br />
1825 Tokugawa bakufu issues the Expulsion Edict, strengthening national<br />
seclusion laws.<br />
1830 and 1835 <strong>United</strong> <strong>States</strong> government sends Edmund Roberts on<br />
missions to Asia to establish diplomatic and trade relations with several<br />
countries, including <strong>Japan</strong>. Roberts dies in Macao in 1835 before reaching<br />
<strong>Japan</strong>.<br />
xv
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