Historical Dictionary of United States-Japan ... - Bakumatsu Films

82 • EDO
In August 1952, the ESB was abolished. In its place, the Economic
Planning Council was established. This was an external organ of the
General Administrative Agency of the cabinet. It assumed responsibility
for planning and adjusting fundamental economic policies, investigating
economic trends, for long-term economic planning. In
July 1955, the Economic Council Agency was changed into the Economic
Planning Agency of Japan.
EDO. The capital city of the Tokugawa shogunate. In 1868, the name
was changed to Tokyo, “Eastern Capital,” when the newly enthroned
Emperor Meiji moved his government to the city. See also KYOTO.
EXECUTIVE ORDER 9066. See INTERNMENT.
EXPULSION EDICT OF 1825. Because of increased sightings and
contact with Western ships, primarily Russian and British, the Tokugawa
shogunate reemphasized and strengthened the sakoku (“national
seclusion”) regulations against allowing Western ships safe
harbor with this edict. See also TOKUGAWA ERA.
– F –
FEBRUARY 26 INCIDENT. On 26 February 1936, Japan faced the
largest uprising of its modern existence. Some 1,400 troops seized the
center of Tokyo and announced that they would not retreat until a new
cabinet, led by General Jinzaburō Mazaki as prime minister and General
Sadao Araki as home minister, was formed. At the same time, assassination
squads murdered Lord Privy Seal Admiral Makoto Saitō,
Inspector General of Military Education General Jōtarō Watanabe,
and Finance Minister Korekiyo Takahashi. They also targeted—but
for various reasons were unable to kill—Prime Minister Admiral
Keisuke Okada, Grand Chamberlain Admiral Kantarō Suzuki, and
Count Nobuaki Makino. Although the young rebels maintained that
they were acting to separate the emperor from his “evil advisers,” their
actions did not meet with the Throne’s approbation. Largely because
Emperor Hirohito vociferously expressed his opposition to the uprising,
the army high command ordered the suppression of the rebellion.