Lectures on Quantum Optics and Quantum Information
Lectures on Quantum Optics and Quantum Information
Lectures on Quantum Optics and Quantum Information
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<strong>Quantum</strong> C<strong>on</strong>tinuous-Variables<br />
Quantizati<strong>on</strong> of the electromagnetic field<br />
Modes are quantized harm<strong>on</strong>ic oscillators<br />
2 possible observables for the descripti<strong>on</strong>:<br />
Energy or Electric field<br />
1<br />
Coherent state<br />
Vacuum<br />
Number state<br />
Intensity squeezing<br />
Squeezed Vacuum<br />
Zoology of states<br />
Gaussian<br />
states<br />
N<strong>on</strong>-Gaussian<br />
states<br />
Discrete degree of freedom<br />
number of phot<strong>on</strong>s N=a + a<br />
(measured by phot<strong>on</strong> counting)<br />
C<strong>on</strong>tinuous degree of freedom<br />
quadratures P <strong>and</strong> Q<br />
(fluctuati<strong>on</strong>s measured by<br />
homodyning, photodiodes)<br />
Why using them?<br />
- Perfect detectors, high<br />
rates/b<strong>and</strong>width<br />
- Deterministic operati<strong>on</strong>s<br />
- N<strong>on</strong>-gaussian states/cluster<br />
states with many potential<br />
applicati<strong>on</strong>s in Q. computing<br />
<strong>and</strong> communicati<strong>on</strong>
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