First International Conference on MOLDAVIAN RISKS – FROM ...
First International Conference on MOLDAVIAN RISKS – FROM ... First International Conference on MOLDAVIAN RISKS – FROM ...
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<str<strong>on</strong>g>First</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>Internati<strong>on</strong>al</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>C<strong>on</strong>ference</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong> <strong>MOLDAVIAN</strong> <strong>RISKS</strong> - <strong>FROM</strong> GLOBAL TO LOCAL SCALE<br />
16-19 May 2012, Bacau, Romania<br />
ENVIRONMENTAL RISK DUE TO LEACHATE <strong>FROM</strong><br />
NON-CONFORMING LANDFILLS<br />
Adriana Vatra, Gabriel Lazar<br />
“Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau, Department of Envir<strong>on</strong>mental Engineering and<br />
Mechanical Engineering<br />
Corresp<strong>on</strong>ding author: Adriana Vatra, adriana.vatra@ub.ro<br />
Abstract: The major potential envir<strong>on</strong>mental risk related to landfill leachate is the<br />
c<strong>on</strong>taminati<strong>on</strong> of groundwater and surfacewaters. The leachate c<strong>on</strong>tains a range of organic<br />
and inorganic compounds that may be either dissolved or suspended. When the leachate is<br />
discharged from older sites made before modern standards it becomes a great risk for the<br />
envir<strong>on</strong>ment. In Romania most of the municipality’s landfills are not c<strong>on</strong>forming with the<br />
European Uni<strong>on</strong> standards. This paper describes the risks and the impact of leachate<br />
generated by these landfills for the envir<strong>on</strong>ment by using mathematical and spatial<br />
modeling. Described method was used to study an old landfill that has started from 1960,<br />
located in Roman, Romania, near to Moldova River, and to distances less than 500 meters<br />
of private homes. Over time here were stored household waste and n<strong>on</strong>-hazardous<br />
industrial waste collected from the Roman city; the landfill capacity is exceeded at this<br />
moment by about 2.2 times. Disposal of n<strong>on</strong>selective waste was made in layers compacted<br />
<strong>on</strong>ly with a bulldozer. For simulating <strong>on</strong>e-dimensi<strong>on</strong>al c<strong>on</strong>taminant transport and<br />
groundwater flow through unsaturated z<strong>on</strong>es a popular software, UnSat Suite, was used.<br />
Software package include SESOIL, VS2DT, VLEACH, PESTAN, and the <str<strong>on</strong>g>Internati<strong>on</strong>al</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
Weather Generator. The combinati<strong>on</strong> of models offers the ability for simulating the<br />
downward vertical flow of water and the migrati<strong>on</strong> of dissolved c<strong>on</strong>taminants through the<br />
vadose z<strong>on</strong>e. UnSat Suite software includes tools for project management, generating<br />
synthetic weather data, modeling flow and c<strong>on</strong>taminants through the unsaturated z<strong>on</strong>e,<br />
estimating groundwater recharge and c<strong>on</strong>taminant loading rates, and preparing compliance<br />
reports. Geographic Informati<strong>on</strong> System was also used to generate spatial data necessary to<br />
asses the risk.<br />
Key words: landfill leachate, older sites, mathematical modeling, spatial modelling.<br />
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