DESCRIPTIONS OF MEDICAL FUNGI
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Descriptions of Medical Fungi 75<br />
The genus Curvularia contains about 80 species, which are mostly soil or plant<br />
pathogens. Recent studies have shown that morphological identification does not<br />
correlate with molecular identification (Manamgoda et al. 2012; Yanagihara et al. 2010,<br />
da Cunha et al. 2013). A phylogenetic analysis of the genera Bipolaris and Curvularia<br />
has resulted in a re-alignment of several species. In particular, clinical isolates previously<br />
identified as Bipolaris species, notably B. australiensis, B. hawaiiensis and B. spicifera<br />
have now been transferred to Curvularia (Manamgoda et al. 2012).<br />
Previously Curvularia lunata was the most frequently reported clinical species, however<br />
other species, such as C. americana, C. brachyspora, C. chlamydospora, C. clavata,<br />
C. hominis, C. inaequalis, C. muehlenbeckiae, C. pallescens, C. pseudolunata, C.<br />
senegalensis and C. verruculosa have now also been reported from clinical cases<br />
(Revankar and Sutton, 2010, da Cunha et al. 2013, Madrid et al. 2014).<br />
RG-1 organisms.<br />
Curvularia Boedijn<br />
Morphological Description: Colonies are fast growing, suede-like to downy, brown to<br />
blackish brown with a black reverse. Conidiophores erect, straight to flexuous, septate,<br />
often geniculate (producing conidia in sympodial succession) sometimes nodulose.<br />
Conidia are ellipsoidal, often curved or lunate, rounded at the ends or sometimes<br />
tapering slightly towards the base, pale brown, medium reddish brown to dark brown,<br />
3–10 (usually 3–5) septa, conidial wall smooth to verrucose. Hilum protuberant in some<br />
species.<br />
Key Features: Dematiaceous hyphomycete producing sympodial, pale brown,<br />
cylindrical or slightly curved phragmoconidia.<br />
Comment: There is no clear morphological boundary between the genera Bipolaris<br />
and Curvularia and some species show intermediate morphology (Manamgoda et al.<br />
2012). ITS and GPDH gene analysis is recommended for definitive identification of<br />
species (Manamgoda et al. 2012).<br />
Molecular Identification: GPDH (Manamgoda et al. 2012) and/or ITS (da Cunha et<br />
al. 2013, Irinyi et al. 2015).<br />
References: Ellis (1971), McGinnis (1980), Rippon (1988), de Hoog et al. (2000, 2015),<br />
Revankar and Sutton (2010), Yanagihara et al. (2010), Manamgoda et al. (2012); da<br />
Cunha et al. (2013), Madrid et al. (2014).<br />
Antifungal Susceptibility: Curvularia australiensis (da Cunha et al. 2012a and<br />
Australian National data); MIC µg/mL.<br />
No 16<br />
AmB 13 1 1 6 3 2<br />
VORI 13 1 2 6 3 1<br />
POSA 11 1 2 6 2<br />
ITRA 13 1 3 2 6 1