DESCRIPTIONS OF MEDICAL FUNGI

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230 Descriptions of Medical Fungi Yarrowia lipolytica (Wickerham et al.) van der Walt & von Arx. Synonymy: Candida lipolytica (F.C. Harrison) Diddens & Lodder. Yarrowia lipolytica is a rare cause of candidaemia. RG-1 organism. Culture: Colonies (SDA) white to cream-coloured smooth, glabrous, yeast-like. Microscopy: Spherical, ellipsoidal to elongate budding blastoconidia, 3-5 x 3-15 µm. India Ink Preparation: Negative - no capsules present. Dalmau Plate Culture: Pseudohyphae and true hyphae are produced. Molecular Identification: ITS sequencing recommended. MALDI-T<strong>OF</strong> MS: Able to accurately identify this species. Physiological Tests: + Positive, - Negative, v Variable, w Weak, s Slow, nd No Data Germ Tube - L-Sorbose v L-Arabinose - D-Glucitol + Fermentation Sucrose - D-Arabinose - α-M-D-glucoside - Glucose - Maltose - D-Ribose v D-Gluconate v Galactose - Cellobiose w,- L-Rhamnose - DL-Lactate + Sucrose - Trehalose - D-Glucosamine - myo-Inositol - Maltose - Lactose - N-A-D-glucosamine + 2-K-D-gluconate - Lactose - Melibiose - Glycerol + D-Glucuronate nd Trehalose - Raffinose - Erythritol + Nitrate - Assimilation Melezitose - Ribitol v Urease - Glucose + Soluble Starch - Galactitol - 0.1% Cycloheximide - Galactose v D-Xylose - D-Mannitol + Growth at 37 O C v Key Features: Germ tube negative yeast and sugar assimilation pattern. Antifungal Susceptibility: Y. lipolytica limited data (Diekema et al. 2009, Australian National data); MIC µg/mL. No. 64 AmB 19 1 1 1 6 5 4 1 FLU 19 1 1 8 6 2 1 VORI 19 1 6 9 2 1 POSA 19 2 2 9 5 1 ITRA 3 1 1 1 ANID 12 1 3 5 2 1 MICA 12 7 3 2 CAS 17 6 10 1 5FC 3 1 1 1
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 231 KOH with Calcofluor White. MICROSCOPY STAINS & TECHNIQUES For the direct microscopic examination of skin scrapings, hairs, nails and other clinical specimens for fungal elements. This is a very sensitive method, however, a fluorescence microscope with ultraviolet filters is required (Hageage and Harrington, 1984; Hollander et al. 1984; Monheit et al. 1984; Harrington and Hageage 2003). Solution A: Potassium hydroxide reagent Potassium hydroxide Glycerine Distilled water 10 g 10 mL 80 mL Solution B: Calcofluor white reagent Calcofluor white 0.5 g Evans blue 0.02 g Distilled water 50 mL Mix one drop of each solution on the centre of a clean microscope slide. Place the specimen in the solution and cover with a coverslip. KOH with Chlorazol Black. For the direct microscopic examination of skin scrapings, hairs, nails and other clinical specimens for fungal elements. Note: Parker Quink ink is no longer available. Polysciences list this product as “Chlorazol black E” product number 02730-25. Potassium hydroxide 10 g Chlorazol Black E (0.1%) 10 mL Glycerol 10 mL Distilled water 80 mL Using sterile technique, remove a small portion of the specimen with an inoculation needle and mount in a drop of KOH on a clean microscope slide. Cover with a coverslip, squash the preparation with the butt of the inoculation needle and then blot off the excess fluid. India Ink Mounts. For the direct microscopic examination of CSF for Cryptococcus species. Place a drop of India Ink on the specimen, mix well with a sterile loop, and cover with a coverslip. Best brands to use are “Pelikan” or “Talons” India Ink.
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DESCRIPTIONS OF MEDICAL FUNGI

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