DESCRIPTIONS OF MEDICAL FUNGI

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216 Descriptions of Medical Fungi Trichophyton verrucosum Bodin a 20 µm b 20 µm 20 µm c 30 µm d Trichophyton verrucosum showing (a) clavate to pyriform microconidia, (b) characteristic rat tail or string bean-shaped macroconidia, (c) terminal vesicles at the tips of hyphae in young colonies and (d) chains of chlamydospores.
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 217 Synonymy: Trichophyton yaoundei Cochet & Doby-Dubois. All varieties of T. violaceum. Trichophyton violaceum is an anthropophilic fungus causing inflammatory or chronic non-inflammatory finely scaling lesions of skin, nails, beard and scalp, producing the so-called “black dot” tinea capitis. Distribution is worldwide, particularly in the Near East, Eastern Europe, Russia and North Africa. Invaded hairs show an endothrix infection and do not fluoresce under Wood’s ultra-violet light. RG-2 organism. Trichophyton violaceum Sabouraud apud Bodin Morphological Description: Colonies are very slow growing, glabrous or waxy, heaped and folded and deep violet in colour. Cultures often become pleomorphic, forming white sectors. Occasional non-pigmented strains may occur. Hyphae are relatively broad, tortuous, much branched and distorted. Young hyphae usually stain well in lactophenol cotton blue, whereas older hyphae stain poorly and show small central fat globules and granules. Typically, no conidia are present, although occasional pyriform microconidia have been observed on enriched media. Numerous chlamydospores are usually present, especially in older cultures. Nutritional Requirements: T. violaceum has a partial nutrient requirement for thiamine. There is minimal growth on casein vitamin-free agar (T1), and slightly better growth on vitamin-free agar plus thiamine (T4). The partial requirement for thiamine separates this organism from T. rubrum, and other species that may produce purple pigmented colonies. Key Features: Culture characteristics, partial thiamine requirement and endothrix hair invasion. a b 20 µm Trichophyton violaceum (a) culture and (b) chlamydospores.
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DESCRIPTIONS OF MEDICAL FUNGI

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