DESCRIPTIONS OF MEDICAL FUNGI

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204 Descriptions of Medical Fungi Trichophyton mentagrophytes (Robin) Blanchard a a b 20 µm c 20 µm d 20 µm Trichophyton mentagrophytes (a) cultures, (b) macroconidia, (c) microconidia and (d) hyphal spirals.
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 205 Trichophyton quinckeanum (Zopf) MacLeod & Münde Synonymy: T. mentagrophytes var. quinckeanum (Zopf) J.M.B. Smith & Austwick. Trichophyton quinckeanum causes “mouse favus” on mice, seen as thick, yellow, saucer-shaped crusted lesions up to 1 cm in diameter called scutula. Invaded hairs are rarely seen but they may show either ectothrix or endothrix infection. Infected human hairs do not fluoresce under Wood’s ultra-violet light, but very occasional hairs from experimental lesions in guinea pigs have shown a pale yellow fluorescence. The geographical distribution of this dermatophyte is difficult to establish, but is probably worldwide. It is often associated with mice plagues in the Australian Wheat Belt. RG-2 organism. Morphological Description: Colonies are generally flat, white to cream in colour, with a powdery to granular surface. Some cultures show central folding or develop raised central tufts or pleomorphic suede-like to downy areas. Reverse pigmentation is usually a yellow-brown to reddish-brown colour. Numerous microconidia are borne laterally along the sides of hyphae, and are predominantly slender clavate when young. With age the microconidia become broader and pyriform to spherical in shape. Occasional to moderate numbers of smooth, thin-walled, multiseptate, clavate to cigar-shaped macroconidia may be present. Varying numbers of spherical chlamydospores and spiral hyphae may also be present. Confirmatory Tests: Littman Oxgall Agar: Raised, dome-like bluish-grey, suede-like colony with a narrow flat, greyish-white, suede-like border. No diffusible or reverse pigment is present. Lactritmel Agar: Flat, white to cream, suede-like to powdery colony with either no reverse pigment or a pale yellow-brown to pinkish-brown reverse. Numerous slender clavate to pyriform (depending on age of subculture) microconidia and occasional to moderate numbers of smooth, thin-walled, clavate macroconidia are present. Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar with 5% salt: Heaped and much folded white suede-like colony with very pale yellow-brown reverse. No submerged fringe. 1% Peptone Agar: Raised white suede-like to downy colony with no reverse pigment. Hydrolysis of Urea: Positive within 7 days (usually very rapid 2-3 days). Vitamin Free Agar (Trichophyton Agar No.1): Flat, white to cream, suede-like colony with either no reverse pigment or a pale yellow-brown reverse, i.e. no special nutritional requirements. Hair Perforation Test: Positive in 7 to 10 days. Key Features: Culture characteristics, microscopic morphology, and rapid urease test.
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DESCRIPTIONS OF MEDICAL FUNGI

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