DESCRIPTIONS OF MEDICAL FUNGI

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200 Descriptions of Medical Fungi Synonymy: T. mentagrophytes var. interdigitale (Priestley) Moraes, Anais Bras. Trichophyton interdigitale is an anthropophilic fungus which is a common cause of tinea pedis, particularly the vesicular type, tinea corporis, and sometimes superficial nail plate invasion in humans. It is not known to invade hair in vivo but produces hair perforations in vitro. Distribution is worldwide. This species may be regarded as a clonal offshoot of the zoophilic T. mentagrophytes (de Hoog et al. 2016). RG-2 organism. Morphological Description: Colonies are usually flat, white to cream in colour with a powdery to suede-like surface and yellowish to pinkish brown reverse pigment, often becoming a darker red-brown with age. Numerous subspherical to pyriform microconidia, occasional spiral hyphae and spherical chlamydospores are present, the latter being more abundant in older cultures. Occasional slender, clavate, smoothwalled, multiseptate macroconidia are also present in some cultures. Confirmatory Tests: Littman Oxgall Agar: Raised white downy colony with no reverse pigment. Lactritmel Agar: Macroscopic and microscopic features as described above. Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar with 5% Salt: Heaped and folded, buff-coloured, suedelike surface with a dark reddish-brown submerged fringe and brown reverse. 1% Peptone Agar: Flat, white to cream, suede-like surface with raised white downy centre. No reverse pigment. Vitamin Free Agar (Trichophyton Agar No.1): Good growth indicating no special nutritional requirements, flat cream powdery surface with central downy tuft. Reverse pale pinkish-brown. Hydrolysis of Urea: Positive within 7 days (usually 3 to 5 days). Hair Perforation Test: Positive. Trichophyton interdigitale Priestley Key Features: Culture characteristics, microscopic morphology and in vitro perforation of human hair. Trichophyton interdigitale can be distinguished from T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes by: (a) its culture characteristics and microscopic morphology on SDA and/or lactritmel agar; (b) its growth and colony morphology on Sabouraud’s salt agar (colonies of T. interdigitale and T. mentagrophytes unlike T. rubrum, grow very well on this medium and usually produce a distinctive dark reddish-brown reverse pigment); (c) a positive urease test (within 7 days), a positive hair perforation test and the production of a yellow-brown to pinkish-brown reverse pigment on pigment stimulation media like lactritmel and Trichophyton No.1 agars; (d) T. interdigitale demonstrates profuse growth and alkalinity on BCP milk solids agar; (e) on 1% peptone agar T. interdigitale has a suede-like to downy surface whereas T. mentagrophytes has a characteristic granular appearance.
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 201 Trichophyton interdigitale Priestley Trichophyton interdigitale culture. a b 20 µm A dysgonic variant of Trichophyton interdigitale (formerly var. nodulare); (a) culture showing distinctive bright yellow to apricot-coloured colonies with a suede-like to powdery surface and a bright yellow-brown to orange reverse; and (b) microscopically characteristic “nodular organs” are observed in the vegetative hyphae. Usually, no conidia are seen but some isolates, especially with subculture may produce subspherical to pyriform microconidia similar to those of T. interdigitale.
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DESCRIPTIONS OF MEDICAL FUNGI

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