DESCRIPTIONS OF MEDICAL FUNGI

More documents

Recommendations

Info

8 Descriptions of Medical Fungi Apophysomyces complex Comment: Apophysomyces complex is readily distinguished from other zygomycetes, especially the morphologically similar, strongly apophysate pathogen Lichtheimia corymbifera, by having sporangiophores with distinctive funnel or bell-shaped apophyses and hemispherical-shaped columellae. In addition, there is a conspicuous pigmented subapical thickening, which constricts the lumen of the sporangiophore below the apophysis, and distinctive foot cells. Laboratory identification of this fungus may be difficult or delayed because of the mould’s failure to sporulate on primary isolation media or on subsequent subculture onto potato dextrose agar. Sporulation may be stimulated by the use of nutrient deficient media, like cornmeal-glucose-sucrose-yeast extract agar, Czapek Dox agar, or by using the agar block method described by Ellis and Ajello (1982) and Ellis and Kaminski (1985). Molecular-based identification is particularly helpful for the definitive identification of poorly sporulating cultures. Key Features: Soil fungus with a tropical to subtropical distribution. Characteristic “cocktail glass” apophysate sporangial morphology with conspicuous subapical thickening of the sporangiophore. Resistance to cycloheximide. Rapid growth at 42 O C, no growth at 50 O C. References: Misra et al. (1979), Ellis and Ajello (1982), Padhye and Ajello (1988), Wieden et al. (1985), Lawrence et al. (1986), Cooter et al. (1990), Holland (1997), de Hoog et al. (2000, 2015), Ellis (2005b), Alvarez et al. (2010a), Chakrabarti et al. (2003, 2010), Guarro et al. (2011). Antifungal Susceptibility: A. variabilis limited data (Espinel-Ingroff et al. 2015a, and Australian National data); MIC µg/mL. No 64 AmB 10 1 1 3 5 POSA 10 1 1 7 1 A. variabilis data from 20 isolates (Alvarez et al. 2010 and Chakrabarti et al. 2010); MIC µg/mL. AmB Range 0.5-4; MIC 90 = 2 VORI Range 8-16; MIC 90 = 16 ITRA Range 0.25-2; MIC 90 = 2 POSA Range 0.5-2; MIC 90 = 1
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 9 Arthroderma insingulare Padhye and Carmichael Synonymy: Trichophyton terrestre Durie and Frey. Arthroderma insingulare is a geophilic fungus of worldwide distribution which may occur as a saprophytic contaminant on humans and animals. Durie and Frey (1957) first described this soil fungus as Trichophyton terrestre from New South Wales, Australia. Since then T. terrestre has been described as an anamorph of three different species of Arthroderma; A. insingulare, A. lenticulare and A. quadrifidum (Padhye and Carmichael, 1972). However, ITS and D1/D2 sequencing of the original isolates obtained from the Mycology Laboratory at Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney has now identified this fungus as Arthroderma insingulare. RG-1 organism. Morphological Description: Colonies are usually flat to downy with a suede-like to granular texture resembling T. mentagrophytes. The surface colour may range from white to cream, buff to yellow, or greenish-yellow. Reverse pigmentation is usually yellowish-brown although some variants have a deep rose red reverse. Microconidia are large, clavate or pedicellate, usually exhibiting transition forms to more or less abundant lateral macroconidia. Macroconidia are clavate to cylindrical with rounded ends, smooth and thin-walled, and are two to six-celled. Chlamydospores, hyphal spirals, racquet mycelium and antler hyphae may also be present. No growth at 37 O C. Molecular Identification: ITS and D1/D2 sequencing is recommended for definitive identification of isolates. a b 20 µm Arthroderma insingulare (a) culture and (b) macroconidia.
Page 1 and 2: DESCRIPTIONS OF MEDICAL FUNGI THIRD
Page 3 and 4: Descriptions of Medical Fungi iii P
Page 5 and 6: Descriptions of Medical Fungi v PRE
Page 7 and 8: Descriptions of Medical Fungi vii C
Page 9 and 10: Descriptions of Medical Fungi ix CO
Page 11 and 12: Descriptions of Medical Fungi xi CO
Page 13 and 14: Descriptions of Medical Fungi 1 The
Page 15 and 16: Descriptions of Medical Fungi 3 A u
Page 17 and 18: Descriptions of Medical Fungi 5 Aph
Page 19: Descriptions of Medical Fungi 7 Apo
Page 23 and 24: Descriptions of Medical Fungi 11 Ar
Page 25 and 26: Descriptions of Medical Fungi 13 As
Page 33 and 34: Descriptions of Medical Fungi 21 Ne
Page 35 and 36: Descriptions of Medical Fungi 23 Th
Page 39 and 40: Descriptions of Medical Fungi 27 Au
Page 41 and 42: Descriptions of Medical Fungi 29 Ba
Page 43 and 44: Descriptions of Medical Fungi 31 Th
Page 45 and 46: Descriptions of Medical Fungi 33 Bl
Page 47 and 48: Descriptions of Medical Fungi 35 Ca
Page 57 and 58: Descriptions of Medical Fungi 45 RG
Page 63 and 64: Descriptions of Medical Fungi 51 Ch
Page 65 and 66: Descriptions of Medical Fungi 53 Cl
Page 71 and 72:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 59 Cl
Page 73 and 74:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 61 Co
Page 75 and 76:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 63 Sy
Page 77 and 78:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 65 Co
Page 79 and 80:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 67 Cr
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 73 Cu
Page 87 and 88:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 75 Th
Page 89 and 90:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 77 Cu
Page 91 and 92:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 79 Cy
Page 93 and 94:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 81 De
Page 95 and 96:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 83 Sy
Page 97 and 98:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 85 Ex
Page 99 and 100:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 87 RG
Page 101 and 102:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 89 Ex
Page 103 and 104:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 91 Th
Page 105 and 106:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 93 Mo
Page 107 and 108:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 95 Fu
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 101 T
Page 115 and 116:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 103 G
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 107 H
Page 121 and 122:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 109 K
Page 123 and 124:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 111 S
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 115 L
Page 129 and 130:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 117 M
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 137 N
Page 151 and 152:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 139 N
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 143 O
Page 157 and 158:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 145 P
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 163 Q
Page 177 and 178:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 165 R
Page 179 and 180:
Page 181 and 182:
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
Page 187 and 188:
Page 189 and 190:
Page 191 and 192:
Page 193 and 194:
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
Page 205 and 206:
Page 207 and 208:
Page 209 and 210:
Page 211 and 212:
Page 213 and 214:
Page 215 and 216:
Page 217 and 218:
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
Page 223 and 224:
Page 225 and 226:
Page 227 and 228:
Page 229 and 230:
Page 231 and 232:
Page 233 and 234:
Page 235 and 236:
Page 237 and 238:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 225 V
Page 239 and 240:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 227 V
Page 241 and 242:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 229 W
Page 243 and 244:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 231 K
Page 245 and 246:
Page 247 and 248:
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 235 C
Page 249 and 250:
Page 251 and 252:
Page 253 and 254:
Page 255 and 256:
Page 257 and 258:
Page 259 and 260:
Page 261 and 262:
Page 263 and 264:
Page 265 and 266:
Page 267 and 268:
Page 269 and 270:
Page 271 and 272:
Page 273 and 274:
Page 275 and 276:
Page 277 and 278:
show all

DESCRIPTIONS OF MEDICAL FUNGI

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?