DESCRIPTIONS OF MEDICAL FUNGI

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192 Descriptions of Medical Fungi Torulaspora delbrueckii (Lindner) Lindner Synonymy: Candida colliculosa (Hartmann) S.A. Meyer & Yarrow. Torulaspora delbrueckii is a rare cause of candidaemia. RG-1 organism. Culture: Colonies (SDA) white to cream-coloured smooth, glabrous, yeast-like. Microscopy: Spherical to ellipsoidal budding blastoconidia, 2-6 x 3-7 µm in size. Ascospores may be produced on 5% malt extract or cornmeal agar after 5-30 days at 25 O C. India Ink Preparation: Negative - no capsules present. Dalmau Plate Culture: Budding yeast cells only. No pseudohyphae or true hyphae produced. Molecular Identification: ITS sequencing recommended. MALDI-T<strong>OF</strong> MS: Able to accurately identify this species. Physiological Tests: + Positive, - Negative, v Variable, w Weak, s Slow Germ Tube - L-Sorbose v L-Arabinose - D-Glucitol v Fermentation Sucrose v D-Arabinose - α-M-D-glucoside v Glucose + Maltose v D-Ribose - D-Gluconate v Galactose v Cellobiose - L-Rhamnose - DL-Lactate v Sucrose v Trehalose -,s D-Glucosamine - myo-Inositol - Maltose v Lactose - N-A-D-glucosamine - 2-K-D-gluconate + Lactose - Melibiose - Glycerol v D-Glucuronate v Trehalose v Raffinose v Erythritol - Nitrate - Assimilation Melezitose v Ribitol v Urease - Glucose + Soluble Starch - Galactitol - 0.1% Cycloheximide - Galactose v D-Xylose v D-Mannitol + Growth at 37 O C v Key Features: asci containing one to four spheroidal ascospores, strong growth at 37 O C and a variable sugar assimilation profile. Antifungal Susceptibility: T. delbrueckii very limited data (Australian National data); MIC µg/mL. No. 64 AmB 2 2 FLU 2 2 VORI 2 1 1 POSA 2 1 1 ITRA 2 2 CAS 1 1 5FC 2 2
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 193 Trichoderma Persoon ex Grey Trichoderma is a very common genus especially in soil and decaying wood. Gliocladium (with strongly convergent phialides) and Verticillium (with straight and moderately divergent phialides) are closely related genera. Trichoderma infections in humans have been associated mostly with peritoneal dialysis, organ transplantation, and haematologic disorders (Sandoval-Denis et al. 2014b). Morphological Description: Colonies are fast growing, at first white and downy, later developing yellowish-green to deep green compact tufts, often only in small areas or in concentric ring-like zones on the agar surface. Conidiophores are repeatedly branched, irregularly verticillate, bearing clusters of divergent, often irregularly bent, flask-shaped phialides. Conidia are mostly green, sometimes hyaline, with smooth or rough walls and are formed in slimy conidial heads (gloiospora) clustered at the tips of the phialides. RG-1 organism. Key Features: Hyphomycete with repeatedly branched conidiophores bearing clusters of divergent, flask-shaped phialides. Molecular Identification: Species identification is based on multilocus sequence data using ITS, EF-1α, Chi18-5, and actin genes (Sandoval-Denis et al. 2014b). References: Domsch et al. (1980), McGinnis (1980), Rippon (1988), Samson et al. (1995), de Hoog et al. (2000, 2015), Sandoval-Denis et al. (2014b). 20 µm Trichoderma harzianum species complex phialides and conidia. Antifungal Susceptibility: Trichoderma spp.(Australian National data); MIC µg/mL. No. 64 AmB 3 2 1 VORI 3 1 1 1 POSA 2 2 ITRA 3 2 1 Trichoderma spp. data from 73 isolates (Sandoval-Denis et al. 2014b); MIC µg/mL. AmB Range 0.03-8; MIC 90 = 2 VORI Range 0.125-32; MIC 90 = 4 ITRA Range 1-32; MIC 90 = 32 POSA Range 1-32; MIC 90 = 32
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DESCRIPTIONS OF MEDICAL FUNGI

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