DESCRIPTIONS OF MEDICAL FUNGI

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152 Descriptions of Medical Fungi Phaeoacremonium parasiticum (Ajello et al.) W. Gams et al. Synonymy: Phialophora parasiticum Ajello, Gerog & Wang. The genus Phaeoacremonium initially accommodated isolates with features similar to those seen in both Acremonium and Phialophora. It differs from the former by having pigmented hyphae and conidiophores and from the latter by having indistinct collarettes and warty conidiogenous cells (Revankar and Sutton, 2010). Phaeoacremonium currently consists of 46 species with P. parasiticum and P. krajdenii recognised as the predominant species associated with human infections (Mostert et al. 2005). Other species have also been isolated from clinical cases i.e. P. alvesii, P. amstelodamense, P. griseorubrum, P. minimum, P. rubrigenum, P. tardicrescens, and P. venezuelense. Infections caused by P. parasiticum include subcutaneous abscesses, thorn-induced arthritis, and disseminated infection (Revankar and Sutton, 2010, Gramaje et al. 2015). RG-2 organism. Morphological Description: Cultures usually slow growing, suede-like with radial furrows, initially whitish-grey becoming olivaceous-grey with age. Hyphae hyaline, later becoming brown and some becoming rough-walled. Phialides are brown, thick-walled, slender, acular to cylindrical slightly tapering towards the tip, 15-50 μm long, often proliferating, with small, funnel-shaped collarettes. Conidia, often in balls, are hyaline, thin-walled, cylindrical to sausage-shaped, 3-6 x 1-2 μm, later inflating. Maximum growth temperature 40°C. Molecular Identification: ITS and β-tubulin sequencing (Mostert et al. 2006, Gramaje et al. 2015). Key Features: The identification of the different Phaeoacremonium species can be done by combining cultural, morphological and sequence data (Mostert et al. 2006, Gramaje et al. 2015). References: de Hoog et al. (2000, 2015), Revankar and Sutton (2010), Mostert et al. (2005, 2006), Gramaje et al. (2015), Badali et al. (2015). 10 µm a b Phaeoacremonium parasiticum (a) colony and (b) a phialide with a small, funnel-shaped collarette.
Descriptions of Medical Fungi 153 Phaeoacremonium parasiticum (Ajello et al.) W. Gams et al. 20 µm Phaeoacremonium parasiticum phialides and conidia. Antifungal Susceptibility: Phaeoacremonium parasiticum (Badali et al. 2015, Australian National data); MIC µg/mL. No. 64 AmB 56 1 7 13 17 13 5 VORI 56 2 8 21 23 1 2 POSA 53 1 5 17 23 6 1 ITRA 56 1 3 3 1 1 47 Antifungal Susceptibility: Phialophora verrucosa limited data (Australian National data); MIC µg/mL. No. 64 AmB 4 1 1 2 VORI 4 1 3 POSA 4 2 2 ITRA 4 1 3 1 P. verrucosa data from 25 isolates (McGinnis and Pasarell 1998a); MIC µg/mL. AmB Range 0.03-4; Geometric mean = 0.36 VORI Range 0.03-0.5; Geometric mean = 0.12 ITRA Range 0.03-0.5; Geometric mean = 0.07
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DESCRIPTIONS OF MEDICAL FUNGI

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