DESCRIPTIONS OF MEDICAL FUNGI
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Descriptions of Medical Fungi 109<br />
Kluyveromyces marxianus (Hansen) van der Walt<br />
Synonymy: Candida kefyr (Beijerinck) van Uden & Buckley.<br />
Candida pseudotropicalis (Castellani) Basgal.<br />
Kluyveromyces marxianus is a rare cause of candidiasis and is usually associated<br />
with superficial cutaneous manifestations rather than systemic disease. Environmental<br />
isolations have been made from cheese and dairy products. RG-1 organism.<br />
Culture: Colonies (SDA) white to cream-coloured smooth, glabrous, yeast-like.<br />
Microscopy: Short-ovoid to long-ovoid, budding blastoconidia, 3.0-6.5 x 5.5-11.0 µm,<br />
sometimes becoming elongate (up to 16.0 µm).<br />
India Ink Preparation: Negative - no capsules present.<br />
Dalmau Plate Culture: Abundant, long, wavy, branched pseudohyphae usually formed,<br />
with ovoid blastoconidia, budding off singly, in pairs or chains, often in a verticillated<br />
position. Note: In some strains pseudohyphae may be scarce or almost absent.<br />
Molecular Identification: ITS sequencing recommended.<br />
MALDI-T<strong>OF</strong> MS: Able to accurately identify this species.<br />
Physiological Tests: + Positive, - Negative, v Variable, w Weak, s Slow, nd No Data<br />
Germ Tube - L-Sorbose v L-Arabinose v D-Glucitol v<br />
Fermentation Sucrose + D-Arabinose - α-M-D-glucoside -<br />
Glucose + Maltose - D-Ribose v D-Gluconate -<br />
Galactose +,s Cellobiose v L-Rhamnose - DL-Lactate +<br />
Sucrose + Trehalose -,w D-Glucosamine - myo-Inositol -<br />
Maltose - Lactose v N-A-D-glucosamine - 2-K-D-gluconate -<br />
Lactose v Melibiose - Glycerol s D-Glucuronate nd<br />
Trehalose - Raffinose + Erythritol - Nitrate -<br />
Assimilation Melezitose - Ribitol s Urease -<br />
Glucose + Soluble Starch - Galactitol - 0.1% Cycloheximide +<br />
Galactose s D-Xylose s D-Mannitol v Growth at 40 O C +<br />
Key Features: Germ tube negative yeast and sugar assimilation pattern.<br />
Antifungal Susceptibility: K. marxianus (Diekema et al. 2009, Pfaller et al. 2013,<br />
Australian National data); MIC µg/mL.<br />
No. 64<br />
AmB 95 6 28 50 10 1<br />
FLU 111 1 22 62 19 6 1<br />
VORI 111 82 23 4 2<br />
POSA 106 1 6 23 33 31 10 2<br />
ITRA 37 5 6 12 12 2<br />
ANID 86 1 14 37 29 4<br />
MICA 71 4 29 42 4 1 1<br />
CAS 106 12 70 13 5 3 2 1<br />
5FC 21 4 8 2 1 1 3 2