Euradwaste '08 - EU Bookshop - Europa

the shipment. The Netherlands produce 6-7 canisters per year and one shipment of 25 canisters is
carried out once every 4 years.
Since time is the crucial factor for making radioactive waste harmless 100 years is a suitable time to
keep the material in storage and to provide the financing for the deep geological repository. Price
paid by the polluter nowadays for the waste generated covers all the expenses including collection,
100 years storage and disposal.
Vit�zslav Duda
The Czeck republic has a big nuclear sector and can afford to cover the expenses for the deep geological
disposal. The bank system is reliable and there should not be problems in financing these
activities.
Jean-Paul Minon
The economical factors in geological disposal programme are heavily influenced by four factors:
1. Volume of waste;
2. Time schedule (construction, investment, calculation of money –we always need more than
expected);
3. Regulatory framework (the high level group is dealing with harmonization of regulatory
framework in the EU). During the design process agreement on security and safety must be
achieved;
4. Technical and economical aspects and environmental policy having in mind the life time of
these projects. For example the monitoring period for surface disposal is 300 years. For the
same period of 300 years the agricultural economy has become information economy.
Someone has to pay the bill for deep geological disposal. In Belgium a draft bill is developed including
the risks what will happen if there is no money. Mechanisms for securing the money with a
kind of insurance mechanism have to be prepared, in order to ensure that whatever happens, the bill
will finally be paid.
Ján Timul'ák
Slovakia has established a body responsible for RAW management funds. In fact, three bodies dealing
with radioactive waste exist in Slovakia:
� One dealing with RAW processing;
� National nuclear fund dealing with the money;
� DECOM – responsible for strategic management.
In 1994 a new act on the safe use of nuclear energy has been adopted. A national nuclear fund has
been established in 2006.
A national strategy on safe management of spent fuel and radioactive waste has been developed.
The technical and financial aspects of RAW and SF management are concerned. Three approaches
for SF management are considered:
� Direct disposal;
� Shipping to the country of origin and external disposal;
� Regional geological disposal facility (SAPIERR).
58