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vance on radionuclide migration. Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 985: Scientific basis for nuclear waste management XXX: 605-610 [31] M. Bouby, H. Geckeis, Th. Schäfer, J. Lützenkirchen, H. Seher, A. Bauer, M. Plaschke, W. Hauser, B. Kienzler (2007) Laboratory study on colloid stability and radionuclide-colloid interaction under Äspö groundwater conditions. 3 rd Annual Meeting FUNMIG Proceedings. NDA Repport, UK (In press). [32] T. Missana, U. Alonso, M. García-Gutiérrez, M. Mingarro (2008).. Role of colloids on the migration of Eu and Pu in a granite fracture. Applied Geochemistry 23, 1484-1497 [33] U. Alonso, T. Missana, A. Patelli, V. Rigato (2007). Bentonite colloid diffusion through the host rock of a deep geological repository, Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 469-476 [34] J. Liu, I. Neretnieks (2006). Physical and chemical stability of the bentonite buffer. SKB Rapport R-06-103, SKB, Sweden. [35] N. Albarran, T. Missana, Ú. Alonso, M. García-Gutiérrez, T. Lopez-Torrubia (2008). Dynamic study of colloid retention in a granite fracture. Colloid and Surfeces A, Submitted [36] U.Alonso, T. Missana, A. Patelli, D. Ceccato, N. Albarran, M. García-Gutiérrez, T. Lopez, V. Rigato (2008). Quantification of Au nanoparticle retention on a heterogeneous rock surface. Colloid and Surfaces A, Submitted [37] A. Filby, M. Plaschke, H. Geckeis, Th. Fanghänel (2007) Interaction of carboxylated latex colloids with mineral surfaces. 11th Internat. Conf. on the Chemistry and Migration Behaviour of Actinides and Fission Products in the Geosphere (Migration 2007), München [38] U. Alonso, T. Missana, A, Patelli, V. Rigato, J. Ravagnan (2007). Colloid diffusion in crystalline rock: experimental methodology to measure diffusion coefficients and evaluate size dependence. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 259, 372-383. [39] M. Bouby, H. Geckeis (2007) On the dynamics of tetravalent actinide(th/puiv)-humic acid interaction”.11th Internat. Conf. on the Chemistry and Migration Behaviour of Actinides and Fission Products in the Geosphere (Migration 2007), München [40] T. Missana, U. Alonso, N. Albarran, P. Gómez, B. Buil, Th. Schäfer, W. Hauser, H. Seher, A. Garralón. Bentonite colloid generation from a deep geological repository in granite: an in-situ study. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol 72 (12) Suppl S, A635 (2008). Goldschmidt 2008 Conference Vancouver July 2008. [41] P. Salamon, D. Fernàndez-Garcia, D., J. J. Gómez-Hernández (2006), A review and numerical assessment of the random walk particle tracking method, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology (ISSN 01697722), VOL. 86, 277-305, 2006. [42] D. Fernàndez-Garcia, J. J. Gómez-Hernández (2007), Impact of upscaling on solute transport: Travel times, scale-dependence of dispersivity and propagation of uncertainty, Water Resources Research (ISSN 0043-1397), VOL. 43, W02423, doi:10.1029/2005WR004727, 2007. [43] P. Salamon, D. Fernàndez-Garcia, J. J. Gómez-Hernández (2006), Modeling mass transfer processes using random walk particle tracking, Water Resources Research (ISSN 0043-1397), VOL. 42, W11417, doi:10.1029/2006WR004927, 2006. [44] Sánchez-Vila, X., M. Dentz, L. Donado, Transport controlled reaction rates under local nonequilibrium conditions, Geophysical Research Letters, 34, L10404, 2007. [45] De Simoni M., Sanchez-Vila X., Carrera J., and Saaltink M. (2007), A mixing ratios-based formulation for multicomponent reactive transport, Water Resour. Res. (43), W07419, doi:10.1029/2006WR005256. [46] J. Luo, M. Dentz, J. Carrera, and P. Kitanidis, Effective reaction parameters for mixing controlled reactions in heterogeneous media, Water Resour. Res., 44, W02416, 2008. [47] M. Dentz, J. Carrera (2007) Mixing and spreading in stratified flow. Phys. Fluid 19, 017107, 2007 340
[48] M. Dentz, D. M. Tartakovsky, Four-point closure for transport in steady random flows, Phys. Rev. E, 77 066307, 2008 341
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Interested in European research? Re
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LEGAL NOTICE Neither the European C
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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD iii CONF
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“Impact of advanced fuel cycle sc
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“Sensitivity analysis techniques
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Topic: Support actions SAPIERR-II -
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CONFERENCE SUMMARIES
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supported. The Commission believes
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Ms Monika Hammarström of SKB in Sw
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Dr Bruno of Amphos 21 urged the swi
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measurements of actinides to determ
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Dr Peter Blümling of Nagra in Swit
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Future directions There seemed to b
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1. Introduction Keynote Address Pet
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tive waste management, a considerab
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the decision making process. The se
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All initiatives leading to encourag
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tegrating them as part of advanced
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General introduction and objectives
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Radioactive waste management: Where
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The intense development in nuclear
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Figure 3: Schematic diagram of the
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contributed to enhance knowledge ab
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the first time in French history, a
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PANEL DISCUSSION Summary of the Pan
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With the support of IAEA preliminar
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Assessment of Financial Provisions
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collected in the cost of the nuclea
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erated by Fortum) and one PWR unit
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pected. As to tunnel backfilling, t
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ferent, the technological solutions
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PANEL DISCUSSION Summary of the Pan
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Discussion: As a response to a ques
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Cooperation in the development of g
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During the 1980’s it was realized
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government on the operating license
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tions. EDRAM is another example of
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Discussion: The chairman opened the
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Communicating the safety of radioac
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Communicating the Safety of Radioac
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Geological repositories … Differe
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Geological long-term stability (pla
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Times & doses in perspective (examp
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Trust is generated (by the regulato
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PANEL DISCUSSION Summary of the Pan
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4. The regulators could play a very
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Europe's nuclear industries, theref
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filled - one key example being coll
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Table 2. FP6 Integrated Projects an
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EUROTRANS focuses on the transmutat
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consensus that geological disposal
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102
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104
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significantly reduce the quantities
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Pyrochemical processes rely on refi
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Figure 3: Schematic layout of an el
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Considering pyrochemistry technolog
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agreed for support through an integ
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Table 1: Fuels irradiated in the SU
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lead cooling (see Fig. 5). Alternat
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Figure 6: Principle design characte
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Table 6: FUTURIX FTA fuels Fuel nam
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124
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After a review of the present statu
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suranium elements, “repository av
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nificant fraction of fast reactors.
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high level waste at the considered
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Pu or M.A. by the time it is needed
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of U and Pu only. P&T could complem
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suranium elements, the thermal load
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Phase-Out TRU Transmutation Scenari
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10 nuclear nations (Argentina, Braz
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elease, strong radiation, pressure
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A1 3.79E+08 270 7.12E-07 A2 3.51E+0
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nuclear fission in the reactors. Th
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5. Conclusions The HLW arising from
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152
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tinides (MA) are destined for geolo
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[3] Enrique González: Head of Nucl
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158
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160
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erage level of funding of research
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Prior to NF-PRO, the question wheth
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nant exchangeable cation. This chan
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eal concentration gradient in sampl
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access shafts, providing higher per
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172
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in the European coordinated action
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proved, with amongst others the det
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4. Discussion Tests with dissolved
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though with a slow rate. The data i
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surface. The coupling between water
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nuclear waste within the near-field
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tion of the column [2]. Moreover, t
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case, the iron diffusion front in t
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5.1 Sorption As an example of the t
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corrosion; up-scaling of clay alter
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Bentonite barriers are very importa
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To determine the impact of temperat
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in the underground laboratory in Gr
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under isothermal conditions. If the
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202
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Zones around such openings which ex
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layout of cells developed by ENPC w
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) a) e) d) f) d) e) f) c) Figure 3.
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EDZ removal by additional excavatio
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[7] Wenk H.-R., Voltolini, M., Mazu
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that provided by various national s
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system robustness, rather than as s
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Regarding diffusion studies perform
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7. EDZ characterization and evoluti
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[4] Alonso, J. et al. 2004: Bentoni
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There has been a significant change
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226
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228
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2. Methodology ESDRED has been focu
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Figure 3: Reduced scale mock-up aft
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Figure 8: Demonstration of emplacem
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The various reports produced by the
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238
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2. Methodology In general, the work
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limitations of the selected press.
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Figure 3.2.1 Schematic representati
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which was relatively homogeneous in
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Figure 3.3.1 Emplacement of SF-Cani
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1.650 1.600 1.550 1.500 1.450 1.400
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the outlet with some pressure and f
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A experiment, using cross-hole seis
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This seal will be implemented as ri
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[6] Miehe, R., Kröhn, P., Moog, H.
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dence. For waste canister transport
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The main waste canister characteris
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placement borehole. The BSK 3 canis
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Figure 6: Sketch of the Pushing Rob
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268
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1.1 Water Cushion Application SKB (
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In the case of SKB and Posiva, the
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Deposition machine tests with load
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Figure 10: Details of electrical pu
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the very heavy weight (43 ton) of t
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is no experience in either the work
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the case of the long plug elaborate
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values measured in the percolated w
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plug the concrete was mixed manuall
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2.3 Testing of low-pH shotcrete for
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290
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energy is produced by fission of ur
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3.2. Integration 3.2.1. Pool Facili
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3.4. Education and Training Apart f
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298
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Fig. 1.1: EU Member States involved
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Fig. 1.3: Stakeholders and interest
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- Present state of scientific level
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6. Training courses Key events of t
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308
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materials, the essential aspects of
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2.1 Geological formation scale (10
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porosity outside the clay interlaye
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eduction in De with increasing prop
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well-defined profile, with the high
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Th(IV) sorption on montmorillonite
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RN migration experiments and model
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tion/organization and its Cu(II) re
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326
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ganic/organic colloids”; WP 4.5
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Figure 1: Schematic of the FEBEX dr
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within feldspars in the three grani
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Colloid Concentration (ppm) 160 140
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form. Clay colloids were detected i
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References [1] Retrock (2005). Trea
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342
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The Ruprechtov site, located in the
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Colloid Concentration / μg/l 10000
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exists as a stable mineral phase in
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pared to other sites with SOC-beari
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[3] Hauser, W. Geckeis, H., Götz,
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The science and technology group, r
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FEPCAT RTDC 1 RTDC 2 RTDC 3 Clay-ri
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A1: Transport mechanisms Diffusivit
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360
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maintaining and develop competence
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A project would be justified to det
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366
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368
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The main goal of RTDC-1 is to provi
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3. RTDC3 In RTD component 3 methodo
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lower depths are less saline. For t
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[3] Marivoet, J., Beuth, T., Alonso
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certainty, conducted in RTDC-1 as W
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A simplistic summary might place PA
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There are at least three non-numeri
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10-11 June 2008. The workshop was a
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Close dialogue between a regulator
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ony, interactions, etc., and to che
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specific sampling strategy, with th
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2.2.3 Graphical methods Let us call
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3. The sensitivity analysis benchma
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4. Discussion and conclusions Three
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398
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2. Methodology The project particip
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Closely related to this proposal on
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4.3 Structure The TP structure must
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4.5 Implementation It is proposed t
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5.1 The CARD Project has shown that
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� What steps should be taken to m
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412
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414
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materials. For attaining the stated
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the bottom of the heated press-mold
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420
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422
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focuses on the study of the combine
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emitting radioactive waste to study
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428
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2.1 Laboratory experiment The dispo
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3. Results 3.1 Laboratory experimen
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Barrier. Clays in Natural & Enginee
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2. Experimental data 2.1 Laboratory
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sented in the accompanying poster,
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440
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situ stress to model the gallery ex
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tive crack network, oriented along
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446
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ous reasons, SCK•CEN chose to foc
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lery, are already monitoring temper
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[1] Bernier F., Li X.L., Weetjens E
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Concrete The cement used is an Ordi
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Brucite Ettringite 10 �m 8 �m F
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458
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2. Methodology In the case of cylin
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cell dismantled after 6 months, roo
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[3] G.E. Gdowski, Humid Air Corrosi
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crucial to predict the hydration ra
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load is higher, since the load appl
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[4] Gens, A. & Alonso, E. 1992. A f
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2. Experimental Methodology A salt
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proof of healing in salt rocks. It
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476
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obtained experimental results [1].
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dependent shear strength softening
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482
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elease falls typically between 1 an
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Figure 3: Left: Spent fuel surface
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488
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1. Data compilation and evaluation
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Volumetric deformation [%] 20 18 16
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An overview of the test procedure w
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496
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The works performed within RTDC-1 p
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Integrated Project “Fundamental P
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502
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The Ruprechtov natural analogue sit
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esults and integrated to develop a
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508
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510
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from 12.5 to 13.5, have high ionic
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elative intensity (cps) 8000 6000 4
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516
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518
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2. SAPIERR I and II In Europe, the
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after extensive interactions have t
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eing partners if an ERDO is formall
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526
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2. Methodology Based on existing da
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external funds ensuring the indepen
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532
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534
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Mr Jozef BALAZ JAVYS, a.s. - Nuclea
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Prof. Gunnar Johan BUCKAU Forschung
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Dr Mario DIONISI APAT - Dipartiment
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Dr Paloma GÓMEZ GONZÁLEZ CIEMAT -
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Ms Aurélie JESTIN SOGEDEC Z.I. Dig
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Dr Patrick MAJERUS Ministry of Heal
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Mr Zoltán NAGY PURAM - Department
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Ms Katerina PTACKOVA European Commi
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Prof. Christian SCHRÖDER Universit
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Dr Ján TIMUL'ÁK DECOM Slovakia, s
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Dr. Eng. Shuichi YAMAMOTO Obayashi
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