Euradwaste '08 - EU Bookshop - Europa

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Interested in European research? Research* eu is our monthly magazine keeping you in touch with main developments (results, programmes, events, etc.). It is available in English, French, German and Spanish. A free sample copy or free subscription can be obtained from: European Commission Directorate-General for Research Communication Unit B-1049 Brussels Fax (32-2) 29-58220 E-mail: research-eu@ec.europa.eu Internet: http://ec.europa.eu/research/research-eu Cover: Background: Mont Terri Underground Rock Laboratory © Cornet Photoshopping GmbH, Zürich Graphic: courtesy of ANDRA, France Courtesy of ONDRAF/NIRAS, Belgium EUROPEAN COMMISSION Directorate-General for Research Directorate J — Energy (Euratom) Unit J.2— Fission European Commission Office CDMA 01/61 B-1049 Brussels Tel. (32-2) 29-61 670 Fax (32-2) 29-54 991 E-mail: Christophe.Davies@ec.europa.eu
EUROPEAN COMMISSION Euradwaste '08 Seventh European Commission Conference on the Management and Disposal of Radioactive Waste Community Policy and Research & Training Activities Edited by C. Davies Directorate-General for Research 2009 Euratom EUR 24040
Page 4 and 5: LEGAL NOTICE Neither the European C
Page 7 and 8: TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD iii CONF
Page 9 and 10: “Impact of advanced fuel cycle sc
Page 11 and 12: “Sensitivity analysis techniques
Page 13 and 14: Topic: Support actions SAPIERR-II -
Page 15: CONFERENCE SUMMARIES
Page 18 and 19: supported. The Commission believes
Page 20 and 21: Ms Monika Hammarström of SKB in Sw
Page 22 and 23: Dr Bruno of Amphos 21 urged the swi
Page 24 and 25: measurements of actinides to determ
Page 26 and 27: Dr Peter Blümling of Nagra in Swit
Page 28 and 29: Future directions There seemed to b
Page 31 and 32: 1. Introduction Keynote Address Pet
Page 33 and 34: tive waste management, a considerab
Page 35 and 36: the decision making process. The se
Page 37: All initiatives leading to encourag
Page 40 and 41: tegrating them as part of advanced
Page 43: General introduction and objectives
Page 47 and 48: Radioactive waste management: Where
Page 49 and 50: The intense development in nuclear
Page 51 and 52: Figure 3: Schematic diagram of the
Page 53 and 54:
contributed to enhance knowledge ab
Page 55 and 56:
the first time in French history, a
Page 57 and 58:
PANEL DISCUSSION Summary of the Pan
Page 59:
With the support of IAEA preliminar
Page 63 and 64:
Assessment of Financial Provisions
Page 65 and 66:
collected in the cost of the nuclea
Page 67 and 68:
erated by Fortum) and one PWR unit
Page 69 and 70:
pected. As to tunnel backfilling, t
Page 71 and 72:
ferent, the technological solutions
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75:
Discussion: As a response to a ques
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Cooperation in the development of g
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During the 1980’s it was realized
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government on the operating license
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tions. EDRAM is another example of
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Discussion: The chairman opened the
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Communicating the safety of radioac
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Communicating the Safety of Radioac
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Geological repositories … Differe
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Geological long-term stability (pla
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Times & doses in perspective (examp
Page 101 and 102:
Trust is generated (by the regulato
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105:
4. The regulators could play a very
Page 108 and 109:
Europe's nuclear industries, theref
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filled - one key example being coll
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Table 2. FP6 Integrated Projects an
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EUROTRANS focuses on the transmutat
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consensus that geological disposal
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102
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104
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significantly reduce the quantities
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Pyrochemical processes rely on refi
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Figure 3: Schematic layout of an el
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Considering pyrochemistry technolog
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agreed for support through an integ
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Table 1: Fuels irradiated in the SU
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lead cooling (see Fig. 5). Alternat
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Figure 6: Principle design characte
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Table 6: FUTURIX FTA fuels Fuel nam
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124
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After a review of the present statu
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suranium elements, “repository av
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nificant fraction of fast reactors.
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high level waste at the considered
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Pu or M.A. by the time it is needed
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of U and Pu only. P&T could complem
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suranium elements, the thermal load
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Phase-Out TRU Transmutation Scenari
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10 nuclear nations (Argentina, Braz
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elease, strong radiation, pressure
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A1 3.79E+08 270 7.12E-07 A2 3.51E+0
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nuclear fission in the reactors. Th
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5. Conclusions The HLW arising from
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152
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tinides (MA) are destined for geolo
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[3] Enrique González: Head of Nucl
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158
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160
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erage level of funding of research
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Prior to NF-PRO, the question wheth
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nant exchangeable cation. This chan
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eal concentration gradient in sampl
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access shafts, providing higher per
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172
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in the European coordinated action
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proved, with amongst others the det
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4. Discussion Tests with dissolved
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though with a slow rate. The data i
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surface. The coupling between water
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nuclear waste within the near-field
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tion of the column [2]. Moreover, t
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case, the iron diffusion front in t
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5.1 Sorption As an example of the t
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corrosion; up-scaling of clay alter
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Bentonite barriers are very importa
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To determine the impact of temperat
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in the underground laboratory in Gr
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under isothermal conditions. If the
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202
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Zones around such openings which ex
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layout of cells developed by ENPC w
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) a) e) d) f) d) e) f) c) Figure 3.
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EDZ removal by additional excavatio
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[7] Wenk H.-R., Voltolini, M., Mazu
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that provided by various national s
Page 232 and 233:
system robustness, rather than as s
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Regarding diffusion studies perform
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7. EDZ characterization and evoluti
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[4] Alonso, J. et al. 2004: Bentoni
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There has been a significant change
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226
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228
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2. Methodology ESDRED has been focu
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Figure 3: Reduced scale mock-up aft
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Figure 8: Demonstration of emplacem
Page 252 and 253:
The various reports produced by the
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238
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2. Methodology In general, the work
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limitations of the selected press.
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Figure 3.2.1 Schematic representati
Page 262 and 263:
which was relatively homogeneous in
Page 264 and 265:
Figure 3.3.1 Emplacement of SF-Cani
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1.650 1.600 1.550 1.500 1.450 1.400
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the outlet with some pressure and f
Page 270 and 271:
A experiment, using cross-hole seis
Page 272 and 273:
This seal will be implemented as ri
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[6] Miehe, R., Kröhn, P., Moog, H.
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dence. For waste canister transport
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The main waste canister characteris
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placement borehole. The BSK 3 canis
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Figure 6: Sketch of the Pushing Rob
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268
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1.1 Water Cushion Application SKB (
Page 288 and 289:
In the case of SKB and Posiva, the
Page 290 and 291:
Deposition machine tests with load
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Figure 10: Details of electrical pu
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the very heavy weight (43 ton) of t
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is no experience in either the work
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the case of the long plug elaborate
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values measured in the percolated w
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plug the concrete was mixed manuall
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2.3 Testing of low-pH shotcrete for
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290
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energy is produced by fission of ur
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3.2. Integration 3.2.1. Pool Facili
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3.4. Education and Training Apart f
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298
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Fig. 1.1: EU Member States involved
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Fig. 1.3: Stakeholders and interest
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- Present state of scientific level
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6. Training courses Key events of t
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308
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materials, the essential aspects of
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2.1 Geological formation scale (10
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porosity outside the clay interlaye
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eduction in De with increasing prop
Page 334 and 335:
well-defined profile, with the high
Page 336 and 337:
Th(IV) sorption on montmorillonite
Page 338 and 339:
RN migration experiments and model
Page 340 and 341:
tion/organization and its Cu(II) re
Page 342 and 343:
326
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ganic/organic colloids”; WP 4.5
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Figure 1: Schematic of the FEBEX dr
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within feldspars in the three grani
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Colloid Concentration (ppm) 160 140
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form. Clay colloids were detected i
Page 354 and 355:
References [1] Retrock (2005). Trea
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vance on radionuclide migration. Ma
Page 358 and 359:
342
Page 360 and 361:
The Ruprechtov site, located in the
Page 362 and 363:
Colloid Concentration / μg/l 10000
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exists as a stable mineral phase in
Page 366 and 367:
pared to other sites with SOC-beari
Page 368 and 369:
[3] Hauser, W. Geckeis, H., Götz,
Page 370 and 371:
The science and technology group, r
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FEPCAT RTDC 1 RTDC 2 RTDC 3 Clay-ri
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A1: Transport mechanisms Diffusivit
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360
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maintaining and develop competence
Page 380 and 381:
A project would be justified to det
Page 382 and 383:
366
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368
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The main goal of RTDC-1 is to provi
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3. RTDC3 In RTD component 3 methodo
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lower depths are less saline. For t
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[3] Marivoet, J., Beuth, T., Alonso
Page 394 and 395:
certainty, conducted in RTDC-1 as W
Page 396 and 397:
A simplistic summary might place PA
Page 398 and 399:
There are at least three non-numeri
Page 400 and 401:
10-11 June 2008. The workshop was a
Page 402 and 403:
Close dialogue between a regulator
Page 404 and 405:
ony, interactions, etc., and to che
Page 406 and 407:
specific sampling strategy, with th
Page 408 and 409:
2.2.3 Graphical methods Let us call
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3. The sensitivity analysis benchma
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4. Discussion and conclusions Three
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398
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2. Methodology The project particip
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Closely related to this proposal on
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4.3 Structure The TP structure must
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4.5 Implementation It is proposed t
Page 424 and 425:
5.1 The CARD Project has shown that
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� What steps should be taken to m
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412
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414
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materials. For attaining the stated
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the bottom of the heated press-mold
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420
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422
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focuses on the study of the combine
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emitting radioactive waste to study
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428
Page 446 and 447:
2.1 Laboratory experiment The dispo
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3. Results 3.1 Laboratory experimen
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Barrier. Clays in Natural & Enginee
Page 452 and 453:
2. Experimental data 2.1 Laboratory
Page 454 and 455:
sented in the accompanying poster,
Page 456 and 457:
440
Page 458 and 459:
situ stress to model the gallery ex
Page 460 and 461:
tive crack network, oriented along
Page 462 and 463:
446
Page 464 and 465:
ous reasons, SCK•CEN chose to foc
Page 466 and 467:
lery, are already monitoring temper
Page 468 and 469:
[1] Bernier F., Li X.L., Weetjens E
Page 470 and 471:
Concrete The cement used is an Ordi
Page 472 and 473:
Brucite Ettringite 10 �m 8 �m F
Page 474 and 475:
458
Page 476 and 477:
2. Methodology In the case of cylin
Page 478 and 479:
cell dismantled after 6 months, roo
Page 480 and 481:
[3] G.E. Gdowski, Humid Air Corrosi
Page 482 and 483:
crucial to predict the hydration ra
Page 484 and 485:
load is higher, since the load appl
Page 486 and 487:
[4] Gens, A. & Alonso, E. 1992. A f
Page 488 and 489:
2. Experimental Methodology A salt
Page 490 and 491:
proof of healing in salt rocks. It
Page 492 and 493:
476
Page 494 and 495:
obtained experimental results [1].
Page 496 and 497:
dependent shear strength softening
Page 498 and 499:
482
Page 500 and 501:
elease falls typically between 1 an
Page 502 and 503:
Figure 3: Left: Spent fuel surface
Page 504 and 505:
488
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1. Data compilation and evaluation
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Volumetric deformation [%] 20 18 16
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An overview of the test procedure w
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496
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The works performed within RTDC-1 p
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Integrated Project “Fundamental P
Page 518 and 519:
502
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The Ruprechtov natural analogue sit
Page 522 and 523:
esults and integrated to develop a
Page 524 and 525:
508
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510
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from 12.5 to 13.5, have high ionic
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elative intensity (cps) 8000 6000 4
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516
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518
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2. SAPIERR I and II In Europe, the
Page 538 and 539:
after extensive interactions have t
Page 540 and 541:
eing partners if an ERDO is formall
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526
Page 544 and 545:
2. Methodology Based on existing da
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external funds ensuring the indepen
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532
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534
Page 552 and 553:
Mr Jozef BALAZ JAVYS, a.s. - Nuclea
Page 554 and 555:
Prof. Gunnar Johan BUCKAU Forschung
Page 556 and 557:
Dr Mario DIONISI APAT - Dipartiment
Page 558 and 559:
Dr Paloma GÓMEZ GONZÁLEZ CIEMAT -
Page 560 and 561:
Ms Aurélie JESTIN SOGEDEC Z.I. Dig
Page 562 and 563:
Dr Patrick MAJERUS Ministry of Heal
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Mr Zoltán NAGY PURAM - Department
Page 566 and 567:
Ms Katerina PTACKOVA European Commi
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Prof. Christian SCHRÖDER Universit
Page 570 and 571:
Dr Ján TIMUL'ÁK DECOM Slovakia, s
Page 572:
Dr. Eng. Shuichi YAMAMOTO Obayashi
Page 575:
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