Mahidol University Abstract of International Publications 2010

Mahidol University Abstract of International Publications 2010 

No.1 

Author (s) : Abu, S.A., Maude, R.J., Hasan, M.U., Hoque, Md.G., Dondorp, A.M., Abul, F.Md. 

Title : MALARIAL RETINOPATHY IN BANGLADESHI ADULTS 

Source : AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE, Volume 83, Issue 5, Supplement S, NOV 2010 Pages 17-17 

Document Type : Meeting Abstract 

Keywords : – 

Abstract : – 

No.2 

Author (s) : Achariyapota, V., Benjapibal, M., Chaopotong, P. 

Title : Prevalence and incidence of anemia in thai patients with gynecologic cancer 

Source : Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, Volume 11, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 1229-1233 

Document Type : Article 

Keywords : Anemia; Cancer; Frequency; Incidence; Prevalence 

Abstract : This prospective, single institute, 6-month observational survey aimed to evaluate the prevalence, incidence, frequency, 

treatment of anemia, and trigger hemoglobin (Hb) level for initiating transfusion in patients with gynecologic malignancy. One 

hundred and eighty-six consecutive patients with gynecologic malignancy were analyzed between June and December 2009. 

Hb level data were collected for up to six data points or 6 months of scheduled visits. Tumor type, disease status, cancer 

treatment and anemia treatment as well as trigger Hb level for starting treatment were evaluated. The mean age of patients 

was 51 years. Prevalence of anemia at enrollment was 66.1% (123/186), with 36 of 186 patients (19.4%) having moderate to 

severe anemia (Hb < 10.0 g/dl). The highest prevalence was found among patients with endometrial cancer (72.2%) and 

ovarian cancer (72%), newlydiagnosed/ receiving treatment (70.9%) and those receiving radiotherapy (75%). The incidence of 

anemia was 85.7% (54/63). Ovarian cancer had the highest association (87%). For disease status and cancer treatment, the 

incidence was highest in patients with persistent/recurrent disease (95.2%) and those who received radiotherapy (100%). One 

hundred and seventy-seven of 186 patients (95.2%) were ever anemic during the survey. Anemia was frequently reported in 

patients with all tumor types (93-100%), persistent/recurrent disease (98.3%) and those who received radiotherapy (100%) 

and 80.8% of patients who were ever anemic recieved treatment (oral iron, 42.9%; transfusion, 37.3%; and erythropoietic 

agent, 0.6%). In conclusion, the mean Hb trigger level for initiating transfusion as treatment of anemia was 8.6g/dL. The 

prevalence, incidence, and frequency of anemia are very high among patients with gynecologic malignancy; especially those 

with ovarian cancer, persistent/recurrent disease, and those receiving treatment. 

No.3 

Author (s) : Adhikari, R. 

Title : Are Nepali students at risk of HIV? A cross-sectional study of condom use at first sexual intercourse among college students in 

Kathmandu 

Source : JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY, Volume 13, Article Number 7, MAR 2 2010 


Keywords : TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; SCHOOL STUDENTS; HARVARD SCHOOL; BINGE-DRINKING; YOUNG-ADULTS; HEALTH; BEHAVIORS; 

TANZANIA; ALCOHOL; COMMUNICATION 

Abstract : Background: Condoms offer the best protection against unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections. Little 

research has been conducted to determine the prevalence and investigate the influencing factors of condom use at first 

sexual intercourse among college students. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was completed by 1137 college 

students (573 male and 564 female) in the Kathmandu Valley. Analyses were confined to 428 students who reported that 

they have ever had sexual intercourse. The association between condom use at first sexual intercourse and the explanatory 

variables was assessed in bivariate analysis using Chi-square tests. The associations were further explored using multivariate 

logistic analysis in order to identify the significant predictors after controlling for other variables. Results: Among the sexually 

active students, less than half (48%) had used condoms during first sexual intercourse. The results from the logistic regression 

analysis revealed that age, caste and/or ethnicity, age at first sexual intercourse, types of first sex partner, alcohol 

consumption and mass media exposure are significant predictors for condom use at first sexual intercourse among the 

college students. Students in the older age groups who had first sex were about four times (16 to 19 years old) (OR = 3.5) 

more likely and nine times (20 or older) (OR = 8.9) more likely than the students who had sex before 16 years of age to use 

condoms at first sexual intercourse. Moreover, those students who had first sex with commercial sex worker were five times 

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(OR = 4.9) more likely than those who had first sex with their spouse to use condoms at first sex. Furthermore, students who 

had higher exposure to both print and electronic media were about twice (OR = 1.75) as likely as those who had lower media 

exposure to use condoms. On the other hand, students who frequently consumed alcohol were 54% (OR = 0.46) less likely 

to use condoms at first sexual intercourse than those who never or rarely consumed alcohol. Conclusions: The rate of 

condom use at first sexual intercourse is low among the students. It indicates students are exposed to health hazards through 

their sexual behaviour. If low use of condom at first sex continues, vulnerable sexual networks will grow among them that 

allow quicker spreading of sexually transmitted diseases and HIV. Findings from this study point to areas that policy and 

programmes can address to provide youth with access to the kinds of information and services they need to achieve healthy 

sexual and reproductive lives. 

No.4 

Author (s) : Adhikari, R. 

Title : Demographic, socio-economic, and cultural factors affecting fertility differentials in Nepal 

Source : BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, Volume 10, 28 April 2010, Article number 19 


Keywords : age, article, child death, childbirth, cultural factor, demography, educational status, family planning, female 

fertility, marriage, mass medium, moslem, Nepal, prediction, religion, residential home, rural area, social 

status, socioeconomics, adult, attitude to health, developing country, ethnology, family size, female, fertility, health 

survey, human, middle aged, multivariate analysis, parity, pregnancy, social psychology, statistical model; Adult, Attitude to 

Health, Demography, Developing Countries, Educational Status, Family Characteristics, Family Planning 

Services, Female, Fertility, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Health Surveys, Humans, Linear Models, Mass Media, Middle 

Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Nepal, Parity, Pregnancy, Residence Characteristics, Social Values, Socioeconomic Factors 

Abstract : Background: Traditionally Nepalese society favors high fertility. Children are a symbol of well-being both socially and 

economically. Although fertility has been decreasing in Nepal since 1981, it is still high compared to many other developing 

countries. This paper is an attempt to examine the demographic, socio-economic, and cultural factors for fertility differentials 

in Nepal.Methods: This paper has used data from the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS 2006). The analysis is 

confined to ever married women of reproductive age (8,644). Both bivariate and multivariate analyses have been performed 

to describe the fertility differentials. The bivariate analysis (one-way ANOVA) was applied to examine the association between 

children ever born and women's demographic, socio-economic, and cultural characteristics. Besides bivariate analysis, the net 

effect of each independent variable on the dependent variable after controlling for the effect of other predictors has also 

been measured through multivariate analysis (multiple linear regressions).Results: The mean numbers of children ever born 

(CEB) among married Nepali women of reproductive age and among women aged 40-49 were three and five children, 

respectively. There are considerable differentials in the average number of children ever born according to women's 

demographic, socio-economic, and cultural settings. Regression analysis revealed that age at first marriage, perceived ideal 

number of children, place of residence, literacy status, religion, mass media exposure, use of family planning methods, 

household headship, and experience of child death were the most important variables that explained the variance in fertility. 

Women who considered a higher number of children as ideal (β = 0.03; p < 0.001), those who resided in rural areas (β = 

0.02; p < 0.05), Muslim women (β = 0.07; p < 0.001), those who had ever used family planning methods (β = 0.08; p < 

0.001), and those who had a child-death experience (β = 0.31; p < 0.001) were more likely to have a higher number of CEB 

compared to their counterparts. On the other hand, those who married at a later age (β = -0.15; p < 0.001), were literate (β 

= -0.05; p < 0.001), were exposed to both (radio/TV) mass media (β = -0.05; p < 0.001), were richest (β = -0.12; p < 0.001), 

and were from female-headed households (β = -0.02; p < 0.05) had a lower number of children ever born than their 

counterparts.Conclusion: The average number of children ever born is high among women in Nepal. There are many 

contributing factors for the high fertility, among which are age at first marriage, perceived ideal number of children, literacy 

status, mass media exposure, wealth status, and child-death experience by mothers. All of these were strong predictors for 

CEB. It can be concluded that programs should aim to reduce fertility rates by focusing on these identified factors so that 

fertility as well as infant and maternal mortality and morbidity will be decreased and the overall well-being of the family 

maintained and enhanced. © 2010 Adhikari; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.5 

Author (s) : Adhikari, R., Podhisita, C. 

Title : Household headship and child death: Evidence from Nepal 

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Source : BMC International Health and Human Rights, Volume 10, Issue 1, 2010, Article number 13 


Keywords : adolescent, adult, article, birth, chi square test, child, child death, childhood mortality, demography, economic aspect, family, 

family planning, female, groups by age, health care facility, health care utilization, health survey, household, human, male, 

mother, Nepal, pregnancy, prenatal care, prevalence, reading, religion, social status, wellbeing 

Abstract : Background. Nepal has seen substantial improvements in its reproductive health outcomes, but infant and child mortality are 

still high. This study attempts to examine the prevalence and factors influencing the experience of child death of mothers 

who have given birth during a five-year period. More specifically, this paper aims to investigate whether household headship 

has an impact on child death in Nepal. Methods. This paper reports on data drawn from the Nepal Demographic and Health 

Survey (NDHS 2006), a nationally representative sample survey. The analysis is confined to women who had given birth during 

the five years preceding the survey (n = 4066). The association between experience of child death of mother and the 

explanatory variables was assessed via bivariate analysis using a chi-square test. The variables were also examined using 

multivariate analysis (binary logistic regression) to assess the net effect of household headship on child death after controlling 

for the other variables. Results. Out of all the mothers who had given birth during a five-years period, 3,229 (79.4%) were 

from male-headed households; the remaining 837 (20.6%) were from female-headed households. A significantly higher 

proportion of mothers from male-headed households (6.5%) than female-headed households (4.5%) had experienced the 

death of a child over the five years preceding the survey. Several socio-demographic, economic, and cultural variables were 

significant predicators for death of a child. For instance, women who had given birth to three or more children and who were 

Hindu were more likely to experience a child's death than were their counterparts. On the other hand, women who were 

literate, who had ever used family planning methods, who had visited a health facility, who utilized antenatal care for the 

last pregnancy, and who were from female-headed households were less likely to see a child die than were women in their 

comparison group. Notably, keeping all other control variables constant in the logistic model, women from female-headed 

households were 31 percent less likely to experience the death of a child (odds ratio = 0.69) than were women from maleheaded 

households. Conclusion. The death of children is not uncommon in Nepal. No single factor can account for the high 

child mortality in the country; many factors contribute to the problem. After controlling for other variables, this study found 

that, among many other factors, household headship was a strong predictor. Programs seeking to help remedy this problem 

should focus on the issues identified here regarding women's autonomy, such as reducing the number of children born, 

increasing women's literacy status, increasing the use of family planning, increasing the use of antenatal care, and increasing 

female household headship so that child mortality will decrease and the overall well-being of the family can be maintained 

and enhance. © 2010 Ramesh and Chai; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.6 

Author (s) : Adirekkiat, S., Sumethkul, V., Ingsathit, A., Domrongkitchaiporn, S., Phakdeekitcharoen, B., Kantachuvesiri, S., Kitiyakara, C., 

Klyprayong, P., Disthabanchong, S. 

Title : Sodium thiosulfate delays the progression of coronary artery calcification in haemodialysis patients 

Source : Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, Volume 25, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 1923-1929 


Keywords : Bone; Haemodialysis; Sodium thiosulfate; Treatment; Vascular calcification 

Abstract : Background. Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is prevalent among haemodialysis patients and predicts cardiovascular 

mortality. In addition to modifying traditional cardiovascular risk factors, therapy aimed at lowering serum phosphate and 

calcium-phosphate product has been advocated. Sodium thiosulfate, through its chelating property, removes calcium from 

precipitated minerals decreasing calcification burden in calcific uraemic arteriolopathy and soft tissue calcification. The effect 

of sodium thiosulfate on CAC in haemodialysis patients has never been studied.Methods. Eighty-seven stable chronic 

haemodialysis patients underwent multi-row spiral computed tomography and bone mineral density (BMD) measurement. 

Patients with a CAC score ≥300 were included to receive intravenous sodium thiosulfate infusion twice weekly posthaemodialysis 

for 4 months. CAC and BMD were re-evaluated at the end of the treatment course.Results. Progression of CAC 

occurred in 25% and 63% of the patients in the treatment and control group, respectively (P = 0.03). CAC score was 

unchanged in the treatment group but increased significantly in the control group. BMD of the total hip declined significantly 

in the treatment group. In multivariate analysis adjusted for factors that influenced CAC progression, therapy with sodium 

thiosulfate was an independent protective factor (odds ratio = 0.05, P = 0.04). Major side effects were persistent anorexia and 

metabolic acidosis.Conclusions. The effect of sodium thiosulfate in delaying the progression of CAC is encouraging and will 

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require a larger study. Determination of the safe therapeutic window is necessary in order to avoid bone demineralization. © 

2010 The Author. 

No.7 

Author (s) : Afadlal, S., Polaboon, N., Surakul, P., Govitrapong, P., Jutapakdeegul, N. 

Title : Prenatal stress alters presynaptic marker proteins in the hippocampus of rat pups 

Source : Neuroscience Letters, Volume 470, Issue 1, 5 February 2010, Pages 24-27 


Keywords : Corticosterone; GAP-43; Hippocampus; pGAP-43; Prenatal stress; Synaptophysin 

Abstract : Exposure to stress during critical periods of an organism's maturation can result in permanent behavioral changes and induced 

hyper-responsive to aversive stimuli as adult. Hippocampus is a plastic and vulnerable brain structure that is susceptible to 

damage during aging and repeated stress. The present study examines the effect of maternal restraint stress on the level of 

GAP-43, pGAP-43 and synaptophysin in the hippocampus of rat pups. Prenatal stress (PS) causes a significant increase of GAP- 

43 and pGAP-43 (p ≤ 0.001) in the pup's hippocampus during postnatal days 7 and 14, but not at later ages. Up-regulation of 

GAP-43 and pGAP-43 may alter the pattern of axonal growth and synapses' formation in the pup's brain since the first two 

postnatal weeks are correlated with peak period of synaptogenesis in the rat brain. We also examined the level of 

synaptophysin, a synaptic vesicle membrane protein, in the pup's brain. Our finding revealed that, PS causes a significant 

decrease of synaptophysin in the pup's hippocampus as compared to control (p ≤ 0.001). These changes are due to the 

direct effects of maternal stress hormone since repeated injection with corticosterone (CORT, 40 mg/kg) to pregnant rat during 

gestation days (GDs) 14-21 also gave the same results. Abnormal axonal sprouting and reorganization together with the 

alterations in synaptic vesicle membrane protein during the critical period of synaptogenesis may lead to a defect in synapse 

formation and axonal pruning in the hippocampus. These changes may be associated with stress-induced impairment of 

hippocampal function that occurs in later life of the offspring. © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.8 

Author (s) : Aimyong, N. 

Title : FACTOR RELATED TO STATE ANXIETY OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENT IN BANGKOK, THAILAND 

Source : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE, Volume 17, Pages 45-45, Supplement 1, AUG 2010 




No.9 

Author (s) : Akaraviputh, T., Arunakul, S., Lohsiriwat, V., Iramaneerat, C., Trakarnsanga, A. 

Title : Surgery for gastrointestinal malignant melanoma: Experience from surgical training center 

Source : World Journal of Gastroenterology, Volume 16, Issue 6, 14 February 2010, Pages 745-748 


Keywords : Gastrointestinal tract; Melanoma; Neoplasm metastasis 

Abstract : AIM: To characterize clinical features, surgery, outcome, and survival of malignant melanoma (MM) of the gastrointestinal (GI) 

tract in a surgical training center in Bangkok, Thailand. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed for all patients with 

MM of the GI tract treated at our institution between 1997 and 2007. RESULTS: Fourteen patients had GI involvement either 

in a metastatic form or as a primary melanoma. Thirteen patients with sufficient data were reviewed. The median age of the 

patients was 66 years (range: 32-87 years). Ten patients were female and three were male. Seven patients had primary 

melanomas of the anal canal, stomach and the sigmoid colon (5, 1 and 1 cases, respectively). Seven patients underwent 

curative resections: three abdominoperineal resections, two wide local excisions, one total gastrectomy and one 

sigmoidectomy. Six patients had distant metastatic lesions at the time of diagnosis, which made curative resection an 

inappropriate choice. Patients who underwent curative resection exhibited a longer mean survival time (29.7 mo, range: 10-96 

mo) than did patients in the palliative group (4.8 mo, P = 0.0006). CONCLUSION: GI MM had an unfavorable prognosis, except 

in patients who underwent curative resection (53.8% of cases), who had a mean survival of 29.7 mo. © 2010 Baishideng. All 

rights reserved. 

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No.10 

Author (s) : Akaraviputh, T., Trakarnsanga, A., Suksamanapun, N. 

Title : Robot-assisted complete excision of choledochal cyst type I, hepaticojejunostomy and extracorporeal Roux-en-y anastomosis: 

A case report and review literature 

Source : World Journal of Surgical Oncology, Volume 8, 12 October 2010, Article number 87 


Keywords : abdominal surgery, adolescent, article, case report, common bile duct cyst, excision, extracorporeal roux en y 

anastomosis, female, follow up, hepatojejunostomy, human, robotics, cholecystectomy, computer assisted 

tomography, hepatic duct, jejunostomy, methodology, Roux Y anastomosis; Adolescent, Anastomosis, Roux-en- 

Y, Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic, Choledochal Cyst, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Hepatic Duct, 

Common, Humans, Jejunostomy, Robotics, Tomography, X-Ray Computed 

Abstract : For Choledochal cyst type I, complete excision of cyst with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy anastomosis is the treatment of 

choice. It has been performed laparoscopically with the advancement of laparoscopic skill. Recently, a telemanipulative 

robotic surgical system was introduced, providing laparoscopic instruments with wrist-arm technology and 3-dimensional 

visualization of the operative field. We present a case of robot-assisted total excision of a choledochal cyst type I and biliary 

reconstruction in a 14-year-old girl. No intraoperative complications or technical problems were encountered. An 

intraabdominal collection occurred and was successfully treated with continuous percutaneous drainage. At one-year followup, 

she is doing well without evidence of recurrent cholangitis. © 2010 Akaraviputh et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.11 

Author (s) : Ali, S., Najmi, M.H., Tarning, J., Lindegardh, N. 

Title : Pharmacokinetics of artemether and dihydroartemisinin in healthy Pakistani male volunteers treated with artemetherlumefantrine 

Source : Malaria Journal, Volume 9, Issue 1, 2010, Article number 275 


Keywords : artemether, artemether plus benflumetol, dihydroartemisinin, exafal, unclassified drug, antimalarial agent, artemisinin 

derivative, ethanolamine derivative, fluorene derivative; adult, area under the curve, article, drug blood level, drug 

clearance, drug distribution, drug half life, human, liquid chromatography, male, Pakistan, single drug dose, solid phase 

extraction, tandem mass spectrometry, chemistry, drug combination, human experiment, middle aged, oral drug 

administration, plasma, time; Administration, Oral, Adult, Antimalarials, Artemisinins, Chromatography, Liquid, Drug 

Combinations, Ethanolamines, Fluorenes, Human Experimentation, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pakistan, Plasma, Tandem 

Mass Spectrometry, Time Factors 

Abstract : Background. Artemether-lumefantrine is one of the most widely used anti-malarial drug combinations in the world with 

excellent tolerability and cure rates in adult and paediatric patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria. The aim of this 

study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of artemether and its active metabolite, dihydroartemisinin, in healthy Pakistani 

volunteers. Methods. Twelve healthy male Pakistani subjects, aged 20 to 50, were recruited into the study. A fixed oral 

combination of artemether-lumefantrine (80-480 mg) was given as a single oral dose. Frequent blood samples were collected 

and artemether and dihydroartemisinin were quantified in human plasma using solid-phase extraction and liquid 

chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Drug concentration-time data were evaluated with noncompartmental 

analysis. Results. Observed maximum concentrations (mean SD) of artemether and dihydroartemisinin were 

184 100 ng/mL and 126 46 ng/mL, respectively. These concentrations were reached at 1.56 0.68 hr and 1.69 0.59 hr, 

respectively, after drug intake. The terminal elimination half-life of artemether and dihydroartemisinin were 2.00 0.71 hr and 

1.80 0.31 hr, respectively. Apparent volume of distribution and oral clearance for artemether were estimated to 666 220 L 

and 257 140 L/hr. The same parameters were estimated to 702 220 L and 269 57 L/hr for dihydroartemisinin. Conclusions. 

The overall pharmacokinetic properties of artemether and dihydroartemisinin in healthy Pakistani subjects are comparable to 

healthy subjects and patients from other populations. © 2010 Ali et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.12 

Author (s) : Allen, M.A. 

Title : On the current obsession with publication statistics 

Source : ScienceAsia, Volume 36, Issue 1, March 2010, Pages 1-5 


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Keywords : Bibliometrics; Citations; H-index; Impact factor; Research assessment 

Abstract : Crude publication statistics such as publication counts and impact factors are routinely being employed to assess individuals 

and institutions. Although they can play a role in an approximate preliminary assessment, using them for anything more is 

inappropriate due to their over-simplicity and ease of manipulation. Furthermore, it is argued that rewarding scientists for 

achieving high scores in such number-based evaluations ultimately leads to a slowing of scientific progress. Suggestions are 

given on how reliance on statistics can be reduced and their manipulation discouraged. 

No.13 

Author (s) : Amnuaypornsri, S., Sakdapipanich, J., Tanaka, Y. 

Title : Highly purified natural rubber by saponificaion of latex: Analysis of green and cured properties 

Source : Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Volume 118, Issue 6, 15 December 2010, Pages 3524-3531 


Keywords : Dynamic mechanical properties; Natural rubber; Physical properties; Purification; Saponification 

Abstract : Natural rubber (NR) was purified by saponification of fresh latex from Hevea brasiliensis and soaking process of the coagulum 

with aqueous NaOH solution. This treatment resulted in the decrease of nitrogen content to the same level as enzymatic 

deproteinized NR. The saponification of NR latex and soaking of the coagulum gave the rubber having good processability 

with easy to cure. The saponified rubber showed outstanding physical and dynamic mechanical properties such as high 

tensile properties, high storage modulus, low tan δ, low heat build-up and low dynamic compression set. The saponified 

rubber blend with styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) according to the recipe of rubber tire showed also a good performance. © 

2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 

No.14 

Author (s) : Amnuaypornsri, S., Tarachiwin, L., Sakdapipanich, J.T. 

Title : Character of long-chain branching in highly purified natural rubber 

Source : Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Volume 115, Issue 6, 15 March 2010, Pages 3645-3650 


Keywords : Networks; Rubber; Structure 

Abstract : The nature of long-chain branching in natural rubber (NR) from Hevea brasiliensis was analyzed for NR purified by enzymatic 

deproteinization in the latex state followed by acetone extraction in the solid state to remove the proteins and neutral lipids, 

respectively. The treatment of purified NR in a toluene solution with a polar solvent, such as methanol or acetic acid, 

resulted in a clear decrease in the molecular weight, gel content, and Huggins' constant; this was caused by the 

decomposition of branch points in the purified rubber. This finding clearly showed that long-chain branching in the purified 

NR was mainly derived from the association of phospholipids linked with both terminal groups in the rubber chain via 

hydrogen bonds. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 

No.15 

Author (s) : Amonruttanapun, P., Chongthammakun, S. 

Title : EXPRESSION OF TRIGGERING RECEPTOR EXPRESSED ON MYELOID CELLS-2 (TREM-2) ON HIGHLY AGGRESSIVELY PROLIFERATING 

IMMORTALIZED (HAPI) CELLS IN RECOGNITION OF APOPTOTIC NEURONS 

Source : JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY Volume: 115 Pages: 44-45 Supplement: 1 Published: OCT 2010 




No.16 

Author (s) : Amornsakchai, T., Pattarachindanuwong, S. 

Title : Surface grafting of polyethylene fiber for improved adhesion to acrylic resin 

Source : Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Volume 29, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 149-158 


Keywords : Adhesion; Polyethylene fiber; Surface grafting 

Abstract : Surface grafting of polyethylene (PE) fiber with methyl methacrylate (MMA) and acrylic acid (AAc) were prepared with twostage 

method. Functionalization was first carried out in aqueous solution of potassium peroxydisulfate at 80°C. The fiber was 

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then surface grafted with MMA and AAc. Single fiber composite of grafted fibers/Orthocryl® acrylic resin were prepared and 

adhesion evaluated with pull-out test. Acrylic matrix was prepared in two methods. In the first method, acrylic powder was 

bonded together with acetone. In the second, the powder was mixed with liquid monomer to form self-cure material. It was 

found that in the former case, in which only interdiffusion of polymer chains can occur, MMA-modified polyethylene fiber had 

slightly higher pull-out strength than AAc-modified fiber. In the latter case, in which chemical reaction occurred, AAc-modified 

fiber provided much higher pull-out strength than MMA-modified fiber. The difference in adhesion level is discussed. © 2010 

SAGE Publications. 

No.17 

Author (s) : Amornsamankul, S., Kaorapapong, K., Wiwatanapataphee, B. 

Title : Three-dimensional simulation of femur bone and implant in femoral canal using finite element method 

Source : International Journal of Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, Volume 4, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 171-178 


Keywords : Femur bone; Finite element method; Implant in the femoral canal; Mathematical modeling; Three dimensional simulation 

Abstract : In this paper, a mathematical model is developed to simulate three-dimensional femur bone and femur bone with implant in 

the femoral canal, taking into account stress distribution and totaldisplacement during horizontal walking. The equilibrium 

equationsare used in the model. Realistic domain are created by using CT scan data. Different cases of static loads and 

different boundary conditions are used in the simulation. The finite element method is utilized to determine total 

displacement and Von Mises Stress. The influences of human weight during horizontal walking are investigated. This model 

will give the useful for surgeon in femur surgeries. The results show that higher weight provides higher total displacement. 

And it is found that the Von Mises stress affects the lateral femur. 

No.18 

Author (s) : Amornsamankul, S., Kraipeerapun, P. 

Title : Bagging of duo output neural networks for single output regression problem 

Source : Proceedings - 2010 3rd IEEE International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology, ICCSIT 2010, Volume 

7, 2010, Article number 5564576, Pages 135-139 

Document Type : Conference Paper 

Keywords : Backpropagation neural network; Ensemble neural network; Regression problem 

Abstract : This paper presents an approach to the single output regression problem using ensemble of duo output neural networks 

based on bagging technique. Each component in the ensemble consists of a pair of duo output neural networks. The first 

neural network is trained to provide duo outputs which are a pair of truth and falsity values whereas the second neural 

network provides a pair of falsity and truth values. The target outputs used to train the second network are organized in 

reverse order of the first network. For the former neural network, the truth and non-falsity outputs are used to created the 

average truth output. For the later neural network, the falsity and non-truth outputs are used to provide the average falsity 

output. In order to combine outputs from components in the ensemble, the simple averaging and the dynamic weighted 

averaging techniques are used. The weight is created based on the difference between the truth and non-falsity values. The 

proposed approach has been tested with three benchmarking VCI data sets, which are housing, concrete compressive 

strength, and computer hardware. The proposed ensemble methods improves the performance as compared to the 

traditional ensemble of neural networks, the ensemble of complementary neural networks, and the ensemble of support 

vector machine with linear, polynomial, and radial basis function kernels. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.19 

Author (s) : Amornsamankul, S., Wiwatanapataphee, B., Kaorapapong, K. 

Title : Three-dimensional simulation of the femur bone using finite element method 

Source : International Conference on Applied Computer Science - Proceedings, 2010, Pages 304-307 


Keywords : Femur bone; Finite element method; Mathematical modeling; Simulation; Total displacement 

Abstract : In this paper, a mathematical model is developed to simulate three-dimensional femur bone, taking into account the stress 

distribution and total displacement during horizontal walking. The principles of continuum mechanics, the field equations 

governing the displacement and stress fields in the femur bone including the stress equilibrium equations are used in the 

model. Realistic domain is created using CT scan data. Three different cases of static loads and three boundary conditions are 

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used in the simulation. The finite element method is utilized to determine the total displacement and the Von Misses stress. 

The influences of human weight during horizontal walking are investigated. This model provides useful information for 

surgeons involved with femur surgeries. 

No.20 

Author (s) : Amornyotin, S., Aanpreung, P. 

Title : Clinical effectiveness of an anesthesiologist-administered intravenous sedation outside of the main operating room for 

pediatric upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in Thailand 

Source : International Journal of Pediatrics, Volume 2010, Article ID 748564, 6 pages 



Abstract : Objectives. To review our sedation practice and to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of an anesthesiologist-administered 

intravenous sedation outside of the main operating room for pediatric upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGIE) in Thailand. 

Subjects and Methods. We undertook a retrospective review of the sedation service records of pediatric patients who 

underwent UGIE. All endoscopies were performed by a pediatric gastroenterologist. All sedation was administered by staff 

anesthesiologist or anesthetic personnel. Results. A total of 168 patients (94 boys and 74 girls), with age from 4 months to 12 

years, underwent 176 UGIE procedures. Of these, 142 UGIE procedures were performed with intravenous sedation (IVS). The 

mean sedation time was 23.2 +/- 10.0 minutes. Propofol was the most common sedative drugs used. Mean dose of propofol, 

midazolam and fentanyl was 10.0 +/- 7.5 mg/kg/hr, 0.2 +/- 0.2 mg/kg/hr, and 2.5 +/- 1.2 mcg/kg/hr, respectively. 

Complications relatively occurred frequently. All sedations were successful. However, two patients became more deeply than 

intended and required unplanned endotracheal intubation. Conclusion. The study shows the clinical effectiveness of an 

anesthesiologist-administered IVS outside of the main operating room for pediatric UGIE in Thailand. All complications are 

relatively high. We recommend the use of more sensitive equipments such as end tidal CO(2) and carefully select more 

appropriate patients. 

No.21 

Author (s) : Amornyotin, S., Chalayonnavin, W., Kongphlay, S. 

Title : Assisted sedation for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy procedure in sick patients in a developing country 

Source : Gastroenterology Insights, Volume 2, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 17-20 


Keywords : General anesthesia; Intravenous sedation; Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy 

Abstract : In a developing country, the percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) procedure is being performed at an increasing rate. 

However, there is sparse information on the sedation for this procedure. The aim of our study was to evaluate the clinical 

efficacy of assisted sedation compared with general anesthesia for the PEG procedure in patients in a teaching hospital in 

Thailand. We undertook a retrospective review of records of patients who underwent PEG procedures from October 2006 to 

September 2008. AH patients with ASA physical status III and IV were classified into two groups according to the type of 

anesthetic technique: Group S, intravenous sedation (IVS); and Group G, general anesthesia (GA). The primary outcome of the 

study was the successful completion of the procedure. The secondary outcomes were sedation/anesthesia-related 

complications during and immediately after the procedure. One hundred and eighty-four patients were enrolled with 116 (M, 

52; mean age, 71.4±15.8 years) in Group S and 68 (M, 37; mean age, 67.8±18.5 years) in Group G. There were no significant 

differences between the two groups in age, gender, weight, and duration of procedure. AH patients in both groups concluded 

with the successful completion of the procedure. Overall adverse events in group S occurred significantly less commonly 

than in group G (P=0.003). AH complications were treated easily with no adverse sequelae. We concluded that in the setting 

of the developing country, assisted sedation for the PEG procedure in patients by trained anesthetic personnel with 

appropriate monitoring was safe and effective. © S. Amornyotin et al., 2010. 

No.22 

Author (s) : Amornyotin, S., Prakanrattana, U., Kachintorn, U., Chalayonnavin, W., Kongphlay, S. 

Title : Propofol-based sedation does not increase rate of perforation during colonoscopic procedure 

Source : Gastroenterology Insights, Volume 2, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 13-16 


Keywords : Colonoscopy; Intravenous sedation; Perforation; Propofol 

8


Abstract : Sedation-related colonoscopic perforation (CP) has been under much debate. Our aim was to assess and compare the CP 

rate during colonoscopy by using sedation with or without propofol adjuvant. All patients who underwent colonoscopic 

procedure at the WGO Endoscopy Training Center, Siriraj Hospital, Thailand from March 2005 to October 2007 by using the 

intravenous sedation (IVS) technique were analyzed. The primary outcome was the CP rate; the secondary outcomes were 

sedation-related complications and death during and immediately after the procedure. There were 6140 colonoscopies and 

1532 flexible sigmoidoscopies during the study period, of which 6122 colonoscopic procedures were performed by using IVS. 

All of these procedures were categorized into two groups: group A, the IVS technique was propofol-based sedation and group 

B, the IVS technique was non-propofol-based sedation. After matching the indications of procedure, there were 2022 

colonoscopies in group A and 512 colonoscopies in group B. Colonoscopic procedures were performed by staff endoscopists 

(10.8%) or residents and fellows (89.2%). The characteristics of patients and sedative agents used in perforated patients in 

both groups were not significantly different. In group A, five patients (0.25%) suffered from perforation and two of them died. 

In group B, one patient (0.20%) had CP; the difference was not significant (P=0.829). Our data showed that colonoscopy under 

propofol-based sedation did not increase the perforation rate. Serious complications are uncommon. © S. Amornyotin et al., 

2010. 

No.23 

Author (s) : Amornyotin, S., Prakanrattana, U., Vichitvejpaisal, P., Vallisut, T., Kunanont, N., Permpholprasert, L. 

Title : Comparison of the Clinical Use of Macintosh and Miller Laryngoscopes for Orotracheal Intubation by Second-Month Nurse 

Students in Anesthesiology 

Source : Anesthesiology Research and Practice, Volume 2010, 2010, Article number 432846 


Keywords : adult, article, bleeding, clinical trial, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, endotracheal intubation, feasibility 

study, female, heart rate, human, intermethod comparison, laryngoscope, major clinical study, male, mean arterial 

pressure, mouth injury, nursing student, patient safety, priority journal, randomized controlled trial, therapy effect, tooth 

injury, treatment outcome 

Abstract : Aim. The aim of this study is to compare the clinical feasibility of Macintosh and Miller laryngoscopes for tracheal intubation 

in non-experienced users in anesthetized patients. Patients and Methods. 119 patients were randomized into the Macintosh 

group (59) and the Miller group (60). The primary outcome variable was successful tracheal intubation. The secondary 

outcome variables were number of insertion attempt, intubation time needed, total time to intubation, hemodynamic change 

and complications. Results. All patients were successfully intubated using the Macintosh, whereas 13 patients (21.6) were 

failed with the Miller (P


Keywords : Cytotoxicity; Latex; Nanoparticles; Rubber; Surface modification 

Abstract : In order to increase surface roughness of the sulphur-prevulcanized natural rubber (SPNR) film and, hence, decrease the 

direct contact between the rubber and skin, the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) latex particles were deposited onto the 

SPNR film grafted with polyacrylamide (SPNR-g-PAAm). The surface coverage of PMMA particles on the SPNR-g-PAAm increased 

with increasing latex immersion time, particle size and concentration. Prior to the in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation on L-929 

fibroblasts, the SPNR and SPNR-g-PAAm coated with PMMA particles were extracted by using the culture medium. Results 

showed that the cytotoxicity effect could be significantly reduced by coating PMMA particles onto the rubber film. At the 

extract concentrations of ≤12.5% for 24. h at 37. °C, no toxicity potential was detected. The study will be helpful for 

development of gloves designed for the hypersensitive person. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

No.26 

Author (s) : Anancharungsuk, W., Taweepreda, W., Wirasate, S., Thonggoom, R., Tangboriboonrat, P. 

Title : Reduction of surface friction of natural rubber film coated with PMMA particle: Effect of particle size 

Source : Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Volume 115, Issue 6, 15 March 2010, Pages 3680-3686 


Keywords : Emulsion polymerization; Films; Rubber; Selfassembly; Surfaces 

Abstract : The friction coefficient of the sulphurprevulcanized natural rubber (SPNR) film could be effectively reduced by deposition of 

poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) particles. The nanoscale surface roughness of rubber, determined by atomic force 

microscope, was directly proportional to the particle size of PMMA particle at 12% surface coverage (Cs). The %Cs and surface 

roughness of the modified SPNR increased, while the friction coefficient decreased, with increasing PMMA latex concentration 

and immersion time. By using a mixture of latexes having both large and small sizes, the increase in the amount of small 

particles resulted in the better distribution of large particles deposited on the rubber surface. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 

No.27 

Author (s) : Ananchotikul, N., Kouwenberg, R., Phunnarungsi, V. 

Title : Do Firms Decouple Corporate Governance Policy and Practice? 

Source : European Financial Management, Volume 16, Issue 5, November 2010, Pages 712-737 


Keywords : cheap talk; corporate governance; fraud; G3; G38; K42; violations 

Abstract : We test whether Thai listed firms with higher levels of good governance policy adoption are less likely to violate listing rules 

and laws designed to protect shareholders. Our results suggest that firms on average implement, substantively as opposed to 

symbolically, recommended governance policies, as violations occur less frequently among firms with higher governance 

policy adoption scores. However, we also find evidence of symbolic governance among a small group of 'talk-only' firms that 

issue statements about governance while lagging in the adoption of policies related to shareholder rights and the board of 

directors. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 

No.28 

Author (s) : Anantachaisilp, S., Smith, S.M., Treetong, A., Pratontep, S., Puttipipatkhachorn, S., Ruktanonchai, U.R. 

Title : Chemical and structural investigation of lipid nanoparticles: Drug-lipid interaction and molecular distribution 

Source : Nanotechnology, Volume 21, Issue 12, 2010, Article number 125102 


Keywords : Chemical retention, Crystallinities, Drug delivery system, High pressure homogenization, High resolution, Lipid content, Lipid 

nanoparticles, Medium chain triglycerides, Molecular distribution, Oryzanol, Phase-separated structures, Powder X ray 

diffraction, Proton nuclear magnetic resonance, Raman spectroscopic, Release characteristics, Simple model, Structural 

investigation; Atomic force microscopy, Drug delivery, Drug interactions, Indicators (chemical), Nanoparticles, Nuclear magnetic 

resonance, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Photon correlation spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Resonance, X 

ray diffraction; Liquids; cetyl palmitate, drug carrier, gamma oryzanol, gamma-oryzanol, nanoparticle, palmitic acid 

derivative, phenylpropionic acid derivative, triacylglycerol; analysis of variance, area under the curve, article, atomic force 

microscopy, chemistry, drug delivery system, nuclear magnetic resonance, particle size, powder diffraction, Raman 

spectrometry, thermodynamics; Analysis of Variance, Area Under Curve, Drug Carriers, Drug Delivery Systems, Microscopy, 

Atomic Force, Nanoparticles, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular, Palmitates, Particle Size, Phenylpropionates, Powder 

Diffraction, Spectrum Analysis, Raman, Thermodynamics, Triglycerides 

10


Abstract : Lipid nanoparticles are a promising alternative to existing carriers in chemical or drug delivery systems. A key challenge is to 

determine how chemicals are incorporated and distributed inside nanoparticles, which assists in controlling chemical 

retention and release characteristics. This study reports the chemical and structural investigation of γ-oryzanol loading inside 

a model lipid nanoparticle drug delivery system composed of cetyl palmitate as solid lipid and Miglyol 8121 as liquid lipid. 

The lipid nanoparticles were prepared by high pressure homogenization at varying liquid lipid content, in comparison with the 

γ-oryzanol free systems. The size of the lipid nanoparticles, as measured by the photon correlation spectroscopy, was found 

to decrease with increased liquid lipid content from 200 to 160nm. High-resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H- 

NMR) measurements of the medium chain triglyceride of the liquid lipid has confirmed successful incorporation of the liquid 

lipid in the lipid nanoparticles. Differential scanning calorimetric and powder x-ray diffraction measurements provide 

complementary results to the 1H-NMR, whereby the crystallinity of the lipid nanoparticles diminishes with an increase in the 

liquid lipid content. For the distribution of γ-oryzanol inside the lipid nanoparticles, the 1H-NMR revealed that the chemical 

shifts of the liquid lipid in γ-oryzanol loaded systems were found at rather higher field than those in γ-oryzanol free systems, 

suggesting incorporation of γ-oryzanol in the liquid lipid. In addition, the phase-separated structure was observed by atomic 

force microscopy for lipid nanoparticles with 0% liquid lipid, but not for lipid nanoparticles with 5 and 10% liquid lipid. 

Raman spectroscopic and mapping measurements further revealed preferential incorporation of γ-oryzanol in the liquid part 

rather than the solid part of in the lipid nanoparticles. Simple models representing the distribution of γ-oryzanol and lipids 

(solid and liquid) inside the lipid nanoparticle systems are proposed. © 2010 IOP Publishing Ltd. 

No.29 

Author (s) : Anantamongkol, U., Charoenphandhu, N., Wongdee, K., Teerapornpuntakit, J., Suthiphongchai, T., Prapong, S., Krishnamra, N. 

Title : Transcriptome analysis of mammary tissues reveals complex patterns of transporter gene expression during pregnancy and 

lactation 

Source : Cell Biology International, Volume 34, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 67-74 


Keywords : Canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) channel; Gene ontology; MCF-7 cells; Microarray; Real-time PCR 

Abstract : As a complex Ca2+-rich fluid mixture of water, casein, lactose and several ions, milk secretion requires a number of unknown 

transporters, which can be identified by a genome-wide microarray study in mammary tissues of lactating animals. Ca2+ was 

reported to be secreted across mammary epithelial cells through the transcellular pathway, presumably involving TRPC 

(canonical transient receptor potential) channels. In the present study, we have used quantitative real-time PCR to 

demonstrate that the human mammary cell line MCF-7, as well as rat mammary tissues from pregnant and lactating rats, 

expressed TRPC1, TRPC5 and TRPC6. Expression of TRPC1, TRPC5 and TRPC7 were markedly up-regulated, whereas that of 

TRPC3 and TRPC4 was down-regulated in the early lactating period. To further identify other transporter genes affected by 

lactation, a highly sensitive Illumina microarray featuring Bead Array technology was performed on RNA samples from 

mammary tissues of lactating rats. We found that, of the 384 transcripts changed during lactation, 31 transcripts were involved 

in the transport of water and electrolytes, such as Ca2+, Na+, K+, Cl-, I-, Fe2+, sulfate and phosphate. The present study, 

therefore, provides information for further investigation of the mechanism of lactationinduced transport adaptation in 

mammary epithelial cells. © The Author(s) Journal compilation. © 2010 Portland Press Ltd. 

No.30 

Author (s) : Anantaphruti, M.T., Koga, M., Nuamtanong, S., Nintasen, R. 

Title : Esophageal deformation of Gnathostoma spinigerum in ivermectin-treated rats, and anthelminthic efficacy 

Source : Helminthologia, Volume 47, Issue 2, June 2010, Pages 88-93 


Keywords : Esophagus tissues; Gnathostoma spinigerum; Ivermectin; Rats; Treatment efficacy 

Abstract : Ivermectin 2 mg/kg single dose reduced worm load by 83.3 % (75.0 - 91.7 %) for rats experimentally infected with 20 

Gnathostoma spinigerum advanced third-stage larvae administered at week 1, with sacrifice at week 15 post-infection. Some 

larvae recovered from the muscles of treated rats were found to be grossly deformed in appearance. Morphological changes 

in the Gnathostoma larvae were clearly observed. The internal structures of the deformed larvae showed significant 

degeneration in the esophageal glandular tissues. The esophageal lumen branched irregularly and occupied a wider area in 

the center of the esophagus. The epithelial cells thickened along these branches. The esophageal gland ducts were 

completely destroyed. The excretory ability of the esophageal cell glands may be depressed, causing loss of function. It is 

11


suggested that ivermectin is effective against Gnathostoma larvae due to worm recovery reductions. The drug efficacy appears 

to generate by esophageal destruction of the worms. © 2010 Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Wien. 

No.31 

Author (s) : Anantaphruti, M.T., Okamoto, M., Yoonuan, T., Saguankiat, S., Kusolsuk, T., Sato, M., Sato, M.O., Sako, Y., Waikagul, J., Ito, A. 

Title : Molecular and serological survey on taeniasis and cysticercosis in Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand 

Source : Parasitology International, Volume 59, Issue 3, September 2010, Pages 326-330 


Keywords : Cysticercosis; ELISA; Immunoblot; Kanchanaburi, Thailand; Molecular diagnosis; Taeniasis 

Abstract : A community-based field survey on taeniasis and cysticercosis was performed in two villages in Thong Pha Phum District, 

Kanchanaburi Province, central Thailand, where 3 Taenia species, T. solium, T. saginata and T. asiatica, are sympatrically 

occurring. Four (0.6%) out of 667 stool samples were egg-positive for Taenia sp. by Kato-Katz technique. Three out of those 

four persons and other three persons who were Taenia egg-negative but having a recent (1 year) history of expelling proglottids in the 

stool. © 2010. 

No.32 

Author (s) : Anantasit N., Kamchaisatian W., Direkwattanachai C., Manuyakorn W., Vilaiyuk S., Benjaponpitak S. 

Title : Aeroallergen Sensitization Among Children with Respiratory Allergy in Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok 

Source : JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY, Volume: 125, Issue: 2, Supplement: 1, Pages: AB17-AB17, Published: FEB 

2010 




No.33 

Author (s) : Ananworanich, J., Apornpong, T., Kosalaraksa, P., Jaimulwong, T., Hansudewechakul, R., Pancharoen, C., Bunupuradah, T., 

Chandara, M., Puthanakit, T., Ngampiyasakul, C., Wongsawat, J., Kanjanavanit, S., Luesomboon, W., Klangsinsirikul, P., Ngo- 

Giang-Huong, N., Kerr, S.J., Ubolyam, S., Mengthaisong, T., Gelman, R.S., Pattanapanyasat, K., Saphonn, V., Ruxrungtham, K., 

Shearer, W.T. 

Title : Characteristics of lymphocyte subsets in HIV-infected, long-term nonprogressor, and healthy Asian children through 12 years 

of age 

Source : Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Volume 126, Issue 6, December 2010, Pages 1294-1301.e1-e10 


Keywords : antiretroviral therapy; Asia; children; disease progression; HIV; long-term 

nonprogressors; lymphocyte; monocyte; pediatric AIDS; phenotyping 

Abstract : Background: There are limited data on the immune profiles of HIV-positive children compared with healthy controls, and no 

such data for Asian children. Objectives: To immunophenotype HIV-positive Asian children, including long-term 

nonprogressors (LTNPs), compared with age-matched healthy controls. Methods: We used flow cytometry to analyze 13 

lymphocyte and monocyte subsets from 222 untreated, HIV-positive children with 15% to 24% CD4+ T cells and no AIDSrelated 

illnesses and 142 healthy children (controls). Data were compared among age categories. Profiles from LTNPs (n = 50), 

12


defined as children ≥8 years old with CD4+ T-cell counts ≥350 cells/mm3, were compared with data from age-matched non- 

LTNPs (n = 17) and controls (n = 53). Results: Compared with controls, HIV-positive children had lower values (cell count per 

mm3 and percent distribution) for TH cells and higher values for cytotoxic T cells, with reductions in populations of naive TH 

and cytotoxic T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. HIV-positive children had high values for activated TH and cytotoxic 

T cells. Compared with non-LTNPs, LTNPs had higher values of TH and cytotoxic T cells, naive and memory T-cell subsets, 

and B and NK cells. Surprisingly, counts of activated TH and cytotoxic T cells were also higher among LTNPs. LNTPs were 

more frequently male. Conclusion: Untreated, HIV-infected Asian children have immune profiles that differ from those of 

controls, characterized by low values for TH cells, naive T cells, B cells, and NK cells but high values for cytotoxic, activated 

TH, and cytotoxic T cells. The higher values for activated T cells observed in LTNPs require confirmation in longitudinal 

studies. © 2010 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. 

No.34 

Author (s) : Anderson, T.J.C., Nair, S., Nkhorna, S., Williams, J.T., Imwong, M., Yi, P., Socheat, D., Das, D., Chotivanich, K., Day, N.P.J., White, 

N.J., Dondorp, A.M. 

Title : High heritability of malaria parasite clearance rate indicates a genetic basis for artemisinin resistance in western Cambodia 

Source : Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 201, Issue 9, 1 May 2010, Pages 1326-1330 


Keywords : artemisin, antimalarial agent, artemisinin, artemisinin derivative, microsatellite DNA; antibiotic 

resistance, article, Cambodia, clinical trial, controlled study, drug efficacy, genome analysis, genotype, human, in vitro 

study, major clinical study, malaria, Plasmodium, priority journal, drug effect, drug resistance, genetic 

variability, genetics, malaria falciparum, parasitology, Plasmodium falciparum, quantitative trait; 

Antimalarials, Artemisinins, Cambodia, Drug Resistance, Genetic Variation, Genotype, Humans, Malaria, 

Falciparum, Microsatellite Repeats, Plasmodium falciparum, Quantitative Trait, Heritable 

Abstract : In western Cambodia, malaria parasites clear slowly from the blood after treatment with artemisinin derivatives, but it is 

unclear whether this results from parasite, host, or other factors specific to this population. We measured heritability of 

clearance rate by evaluating patients infected with identical or nonidentical parasite genotypes, using methods analogous to 

human twin studies. A substantial proportion (56%-58%) of the variation in clearance rate is explained by parasite genetics. 

This has 2 important implications: (1) selection with artemisinin derivatives will tend to drive resistance spread and (2) 

because heritability is high, the genes underlying parasite clearance rate may be identified by genome-wide association. © 

2010 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. 

No.35 

Author (s) : Anderson, T.J.C., Williams, J.T., Nair, S., Sudimack, D., Barends, M., Jaidee, A., Price, R.N., Nosten, F. 

Title : Inferred relatedness and heritability in malaria parasites 

Source : Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, Volume 277, Issue 1693, 22 August 2010, Pages 2531-2540 


Keywords : Artemisinin; Clearance rate; Clones; Drug resistance; Heritability; Twins 

Abstract : Malaria parasites vary in phenotypic traits of biomedical or biological interest such as growth rate, virulence, sex ratio and 

drug resistance, and there is considerable interest in identifying the genes that underlie this variation. An important first step is 

to determine trait heritability (H 2). We evaluate two approaches to measuring H2in natural parasite populations using 

relatedness inferred from genetic marker data. We collected single-clone Plasmodium falciparum infections from 185 patients 

from the Thailand-Burma border, monitored parasite clearance following treatment with artemisinin combination therapy 

(ACT), measured resistance to six antimalarial drugs and genotyped parasites using 335 microsatellites. We found strong 

relatedness structure. There were 27 groups of two to eight clonally identical (CI) parasites, and 74 per cent of parasites 

showed significant relatedness to one or more other parasites. Initially, we used matrices of allele sharing and variance 

components (VC) methods to estimate H2. Inhibitory concentrations (IC2) for six drugs showed significant H 2(0.24 to 0.79, p = 

0.06 to 2.85 × 10-9), demonstrating that this study design has adequate power. However, a phenotype of current interestparasite 

clearance following ACT-showed no detectable heritability (H2= 0-0.09, ns) in this population. The existence of CI 

parasites allows the use of a simple ANOVA approach for quantifying H 2, analogous to that used in human twin studies. This 

gave similar results to the VC method and requires considerably less genotyping information. We conclude (i) that H2can be 

effectively measured in malaria parasite populations using minimal genotype data, allowing rational design of genome-wide 

13


association studies; and (ii) while drug response (IC50) shows significant H2, parasite clearance following ACT was not heritable 

in the population studied. © 2010 The Royal Society. 

No.36 

Author (s) : Anekboon, K., Phimoltares, S., Lursinsap, C., Tongsima, S., Fucharoen, S. 

Title : Searching single nucleotide polymorphism markers to complex diseases using genetic algorithm framework and a BoostMode 

support vector machine 

Source : 2010 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering, iCBBE 2010, 2010, Article number 5515780 


Keywords : Genetic algorithm; Single nucleotide polymorphism; Support vector machine 

Abstract : With the advent of large-scale high density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays, case-control association studies have 

been performed to identify predisposing genetic factors that influence many common complex diseases. These genotyping 

platforms provide very dense SNP coverage per one chip. Much research has been focusing on multivariate genetic model to 

identify genes that can predict the disease status. However, increasing the number of SNPs generates large number of 

combined genetic outcomes to be tested. This work presents a new mathematical algorithm for SNP analysis called IFGA that 

uses a "BoostMode" support vector machine (SVM) to select the best set of SNP markers that can predict a state of complex 

diseases. The proposed algorithm has been applied to test for the association study in two diseases, namely Crohn's and 

severity spectrum of β0°/Hb E Thalassemia diseases. The results revealed that our predicted SNPs can respectively best 

classify both diseases at 71.57% and 71.06% accuracy using 10-fold cross validation comparing with the optimum random 

forest (ORF) and classification and regression trees (CART) techniques. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.37 

Author (s) : Angchaisuksiri P., Worasayan D. 

Title : Cancer associated thrombosis: the Thai perspective 

Source : THROMBOSIS RESEARCH, Volume: 125, Supplement: 2, Pages: S168-S168, Published: APR 2010 




No.38 

Author (s) : Angthong, C., Wunnasinthop, S., Sanpakit, S. 

Title : Complex lumbosacral fracture-dislocation with pelvic ring disruption and vertical shear sacral fracture: A case report of late 

presentation and review of the literature [Pelvik halka ayrlmas ve vertikal sakral krk ile birlikte kompleks lumbosakral krkdislokasyonu: 

Olgunun geç sunumu ve literatürün gözden geçirilmesi] 

Source : Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi, Volume 16, Issue 6, November 2010, Pages 561-566 

Document Type : Review 

Keywords : Lumbosacral dislocation; Pelvic ring disruption; Spondylo-pelvic injury; Traumatic spondylolisthesis; Vertical shear injury 

Abstract : Combination of lumbosacral junction injury with closed vertical shear sacral fracture and disruption of the symphysis pubis is 

a very rare pattern of injury, particularly with a late presentation. To our knowledge, the complexity of such a lumbosacral 

injury with pelvic fractures, which was presented with a chronic condition, has never been addressed or identified in the 

previous literature. We aimed to demonstrate a case with a late presentation of a complex lumbosacral fracture-dislocation, 

pelvic ring disruption and a vertical shear sacral fracture with neurological deficits and to emphasize the difficulties in the 

management in this case and the operative technique used for the definitive treatment. The initial event had occurred three 

months earlier. Closed reduction by skeletal traction had failed; therefore, surgical correction was performed by means of 

indirect reduction via pedicle screws, iliac screws and rods system. Definitive stabilization with posterior lumbo-pelvic 

segmental fixation and posterolateral fusion were performed using a posterior approach. At one year after surgery, the clinical 

result was satisfactory with almost complete correction of a deformity and solid posterolateral fusion. The patient had partial 

recovery from the preoperative neurological deficit. We report herein a patient with a very unusual complex spondylopelvic 

injury pattern with late presentation, which required meticulous planning of management, imaging, and surgical technique 

before definitive treatment. 

14


No.39 

Author (s) : Anh, D.D., Riewpaiboon, A., Tho, L.H., Kim, S.A., Nyambat, B., Kilgore, P. 

Title : Treatment costs of pneumonia, meningitis, sepsis, and other diseases among hospitalized children in Viet Nam 

Source : Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, Volume 28, Issue 5, October 2010, Pages 436-442 


Keywords : Cost-of-illness; Healthcare costs; Meningitis; Pneumococcal diseases; Pneumonia; Sepsis; Viet nam 

Abstract : The aim of this study was to estimate the costs of treatment of children who present with the signs and symptoms of 

invasive bacterial diseases in Khanh Hoa province, Viet Nam. The study was an incidencebased cost-of-illness analysis from 

the health system perspective. The hospital costs included labour, materials and capital costs, both direct and indirect. Costs 

were determined for 980 children, with an average age of 12.67 months (standard deviation±11.38), who were enrolled in a 

prospective surveillance at the Khanh Hoa General Hospital during 2005-2006. Of them, 57% were male. By disease-category, 

80% were suspected of having pneumonia, 8% meningitis, 3% very severe disease consistent with pneumococcal sepsis, and 

9% other diseases. Treatment costs for suspected pneumonia, meningitis, very severe disease, and other diseases were US$ 

31, US$ 57, US$ 73, and US$ 24 respectively. Costs ranged from US$ 24 to US$ 164 across different case-categories. Both type 

of disease and age of patient had statistically significant effects on treatment costs. The results showed that treatment costs 

for bacterial diseases in children were considerable and might differ by as much as seven times among invasive 

pneumococcal diseases. Changes in costs were sensitive to both age of patient and case-category. These cost-of-illness data 

will be an important component in the overall evidence base to guide the development of vaccine policy in Viet Nam. © 

International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh. 

No.40 

Author (s) : Antia, B.S., Pansanit, A., Ekpa, O.D., Ekpe, U.J., Mahidol, C., Kittakoop, P. 

Title : α-Glucosidase inhibitory, aromatase inhibitory, and antiplasmodial activities of a biflavonoid gb1 from garcinia kola stem bark 

Source : Planta Medica, Volume 76, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 276-277 


Keywords : α-glucosidase inhibitor; Antiplasmodial; Aromatase inhibitor; Biflavonoid; Garcinia kola; Guttiferae 

Abstract : The biflavonoid, 3,4,4,5,5,7,7-heptahydroxy-3,8-biflavanone, known as GB1 (1), was isolated as a major constituent from 

Garcinia kola stem bark. GB1 (1) exhibited -glucosidase and aromatase inhibitory activities, as well as antiplasmodial activity, 

but was not toxic against cell lines tested. GB1 (1) may be a potential dietary supplement or phytomedicine for the 

prevention of breast cancer and type 2 diabetes mellitus. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York. 

No.41 

Author (s) : Anunmana C., Anusavice K.J., Mecholsky John J.Jr. 

Title : Interfacial toughness of bilayer dental ceramics based on a short-bar, chevron-notch test 

Source : DENTAL MATERIALS, Volume: 26, Issue: 2, Pages: 111-117, DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2009.09.003, Published: FEB 2010 


Keywords : Chevron-notch; Bilayer; Interfacial toughness; Zirconia; All-ceramic 

Abstract : Objective. The objective of this study was to test the null hypothesis that the interfacial toughness of each of two types of 

bonded core-veneer bilayer ceramics is not significantly different from the apparent fracture toughness of the control 

monolithic glass veneer. Methods. T-shaped short-bars of a lithia-disilicate glass-ceramic core (LC) and yttria-stabilized 

polycrystalline zirconia core ceramic (ZC) were prepared according to the manufacturer's recommendations. V-shaped 

notches were prepared by using 25-mu m-thick palladium foil, leaving the chevron-notch area exposed, and the bars were 

veneered with a thermally compatible glass veneer (LC/GV and ZC/GV). Additionally, we also bonded the glass veneer to 

itself as a control group (GV/GV). Specimens were kept in distilled water for 30 days before testing in tension. Eight glass 

veneer bars were prepared for the analysis of fracture toughness test using the indentation-strength technique. Results. The 

mean interfacial toughness of the LC/GV group was 0.69 MPa m(1/2) (0.11), and did not significantly differ from that of the 

GV/GV control group, 0.74 MP am(1/2) (0.17) (p > 0.05). However, the difference between the mean interfacial toughness of 

the ZC/GV group, 0.13 MPa m(1/2) (0.07), and the LC/GV and the GV/GV groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). 

Significance. For bilayer all-ceramic restorations with high-strength core materials, the veneering ceramics are the weakest link 

in the design of the structure. Since all-ceramic restorations often fail from chipping of veneer layers or crack initiation at the 

interface, the protective effects of thermal mismatch stresses oral prosthesis design should be investigated. (C) 2009 Academy 

of Dental Materials. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

15


No.42 

Author (s) : Anupriwan O., Domrongkitchaiporn S., Tanomsup S., Yamwong S., Sritara P. 

Title : Threshold effect of urinary sodium excretion on prevalence of hypertension in a cohort of Thai population 

Source : EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL, Volume: 31, Supplement: 1 ,Pages: 1016-1016, Published: SEP 2010 




No.43 

Author (s) : Anurukvorakun, O., Buchberger, W., Himmelsbach, M., Klampel, C.W., Suntornsuk, L. 

Title : A sensitive non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometric method for multiresidue analyses of β-agonists in pork 

Source : Biomedical Chromatography, Volume 24, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 588-599 


Keywords : β-agonists; Clenbuterol; Non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry; Salbutamol; Terbutaline 

Abstract : Non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (NACE-MS) was developed for trace analyses of β-agonists (i.e. 

clenbuterol, salbutamol and terbutaline) in pork. The NACE was in 18 mM ammonium acetate in methanol-acetonitrile-glacial 

acetic acid (66 : 33 : 1, v/v/v) using a voltage of 28 kV. The hyphenation of CE with a time-of-flight MS was performed by 

electrospray ionization interface employing 5 mM ammonium acetate in methanol-water (80 : 20, v/v) as the sheath liquid at 

a flow rate of 2 μL/min. Method sensitivity was enhanced by a co-injection technique (combination of hydrodynamic and 

electrokinetic injection) using a pressure of 50 mbar and a voltage of 10 kV for 12 s. The method was validated in comparison 

with HPLC-MS-MS. The NACE-MS procedure provided excellent detection limits of 0.3 ppb for all analytes. Method linearity 

was good (r2 > 0.999, in a range of 0.8-1000 ppb for all analytes). Precision showed %RSDs of <17.7%. Sample pretreatment 

was carried out by solid-phase extraction using mixed mode reversed phase/cation exchange cartridges yielding 

recoveries between 69 and 80%. The NACE-MS could be successfully used for the analysis of β-agonists in pork samples and 

results showed no statistical differences from the values reported by the Ministry of Public Health, Thailand using HPLCMS-MS 

method. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 

No.44 

Author (s) : Anutarapongpan K., Jongjirasiri S., Laothamatas J., Yamwong S., Sritara P. 

Title : Visceral fat as a predictor of coronary artery disease as assessed by MSCT in Thai patients 

Source : EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL, Volume: 31, Supplement: 1, Pages: 1003-1003, Published: SEP 2010 




No.45 

Author (s) : Apipan, B., Rummasak, D. 

Title : Efficacy and Safety of Oral Propranolol Premedication to Reduce Reflex Tachycardia During Hypotensive Anesthesia With 

Sodium Nitroprusside in Orthognathic Surgery: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial 

Source : Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Volume 68, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 120-124 


Keywords : fentanyl, nitroprusside sodium, nitrous oxide, pancuronium, placebo, propofol, propranolol, sevoflurane, thiopental; 

adult, anesthesia induction, article, blood volume, clinical article, clinical trial, controlled clinical trial, controlled 

study, double blind procedure, drug dose titration, drug efficacy, drug safety, female, heart arrhythmia, heart 

rate, human, hypertension, induced hypotension, male, mean arterial pressure, operation duration, orthognathic 

surgery, postoperative hemorrhage, premedication, randomized controlled trial, surgical patient, systolic blood 

pressure, tachycardia; Administration, Oral, Adult, Anesthesia, General, Anti-Arrhythmia Agents, Baroreflex, Blood Loss, 

Surgical, Double-Blind Method, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Hypotension, Controlled, Infusions, 

Intravenous, Male, Nitroprusside, Orthognathic Surgical Procedures, Premedication, Propranolol, Tachycardia, Vasodilator 

Agents 

Abstract : Purpose: The present study sought to determine whether premedication with oral propranolol 10 mg before hypotensive 

anesthesia with sodium nitroprusside could reduce reflex tachycardia, the amount of sodium nitroprusside used, and blood 

16


loss during hypotensive anesthesia for orthognathic surgery. Patients and Methods: A total of 60 patients undergoing 

bimaxillary surgery were studied in a prospective, randomized, and double-blind study of oral propranolol 10 mg or placebo 

as premedication before hypotensive anesthesia with sodium nitroprusside. Hemodynamic variables, the amount of sodium 

nitroprusside used, and blood loss were statistically analyzed. Results: The heart rate and amount of sodium nitroprusside 

used were highly significantly less (P < .01) in the propranolol group, but no significant difference was found in blood loss 

between the 2 groups. No clinically significant complications were observed in either group. Conclusion: Premedication with 

oral propranolol 10 mg before hypotensive anesthesia with sodium nitroprusside is safe and effective to reduce reflex 

tachycardia and the amount of sodium nitroprusside used. © 2010 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. 

No.46 

Author (s) : Apiyasawat S., Ngarmukos T., Sriratanasathavorn C., Kasemsuwan P., Sritara P. 

Title : Association of statin therapy with incidence of ventricular arrhythmia in patients with acute coronary syndrome 





No.47 

Author (s) : Apiyasawat, S., Prasertwitayakij, N., Ngarmukos, T., Chandanamattha, P., Likittanasombat, K. 

Title : Feasibility, efficacy, and safety of radiofrequency catheter ablation for cardiac arrhythmias: A twelve-year experience in 

Thailand 

Source : Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, Volume 93, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 272-277 


Keywords : Arrhythmias; Cardiac; Catheter ablation; Tachycardia 

Abstract : Background: Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) is widely accepted as a curative treatment for many types of cardiac 

arrhythmias. Material and Method: The authors retrospectively reviewed 1,193 cases (mean age 45, 41% male) performed in 

the electrophysiology laboratory at Ramathibodi Hospital from 1996 to 2007. Success rate, recurrence rate and complications 

were analyzed. Results: Ablations of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT, 428 cases, 35.9%) and 

atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT, 346 cases, 29%) were the most common procedures. The overall success rate 

and recurrence rate of RFCA were 88.8% and 6.1% respectively. Complications occurred in 50 patients (4.2%) with 1 death 

(0.08%). RFCA of AVNRT or AVRT rather than other arrhythmias (Odd ratio 11.46, 95% confidence interval 8.14-16.15, p < 

0.001) and adult rather than pediatric patients (Odd ratio for age 1.007, 95% confidence interval 1.003-1.011, p < 0.001) were 

independent predictors for successful RFCA. Conclusion: RFCA of cardiac arrhythmia in our institution is safe and effective. 

No.48 

Author (s) : Aramaki, M., Silachamroon, U., Desakorn, V., Maek-A-nantawat, W., Waiwaruwut, J., Jutiwarakun, K., Kim, J.H., Pitisuttithum, P. 

Title : Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in adult human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in Thailand 

Source : Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, Volume 41, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 138-145 


Keywords : HAART; HIV-infected patients; IRIS; Thailand 

Abstract : Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is an important adverse event among human immunodeficiency virus 

(HIV)-infected patients taking highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The epidemiology of IRIS in Thailand has not been 

well examined, especially among adult HIV-infected patients. In the present study, we reviewed the medical records of 174 

HIV-infected, antiretroviral therapy-naive patients older than 15 years (the median CD4 count at commencement of HAART 

was 37 cells/mm3) and compared characteristics of patients with and without IRIS. During a 12-month follow-up period after 

commencement of HAART, 11 cases (6.3%) of IRIS were identified (4.2/100 patientyears HAART). The cases included nine 

cases with mycobacterial infection, one with cytomegalovirus retinitis and one with cryptococcal meningitis. The patients with 

IRIS were significantly younger than those without IRIS (29 vs 36 on medians, p=0.022). The median interval between 

commencement of HAART and the onset of IRIS was 22 days. Although all patients with IRIS improved with or without 

corticosteroids, they were more frequently hospitalized during a 12-month follow-up period while taking HAART (1 vs 0 on 

medians, p<0.001). The incidence of IRIS in advanced adult HIV-infected patients in Thailand was lower than that reported 

17


from Europe and the United States, which may be attributable to deferment of HAART after diagnosing opportunistic 

infections. 

No.49 

Author (s) : Aramwit, P., Muangman, P., Namviriyachote, N., Srichana, T. 

Title : In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial effectiveness and moisture binding properties of wound dressings 

Source : International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Volume 11, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 2864-2874 


Keywords : Antimicrobial; Moisture absorption; Wound dressing 

Abstract : A variety of silver-coated dressings and some impregnated with other chemicals are now available in the market; however, 

there have been few studies analyzing their comparative efficacies as antimicrobial agents. Moreover, their properties for 

retaining an appropriate level of moisture that is critical for effective wound healing have never been reported. Five 

commercially available silver-containing and chlorhexidine dressings, Urgotul SSD®, Bactigras®, Acticoat®, Askina Calgitrol 

Ag® and Aquacel Ag®, were tested to determine their comparative antimicrobial effectiveness in vitro against five common 

wound pathogens, namely methicillin-sensitive and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and 

Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Mepitel®, a flexible polyamide net coated with soft silicone, was used as a control. The zones of 

inhibition and both the rapidity and the extent of killing of these pathogens were evaluated. All five antimicrobial dressings 

investigated exerted some bactericidal activity, particularly against E. coli. The spectrum and rapidity of action ranged widely 

for the different dressings. Acticoat® had a broad spectrum of action against both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria. Other 

dressings demonstrated a narrower range of bactericidal activities. Regarding the absorption and release of moisture, Askina 

Calgitrol Ag® absorbed and released the most moisture from the environment. Aquacel Ag® also exhibited good moisture 

absorption and moisture release, but to a lower degree. The other tested dressings absorbed or released very little moisture. 

Askina Calgitrol Ag® and Aquacel Ag® are good alternative dressings for treating wounds with high exudates and pus. An 

understanding of the characteristics of these dressings will be useful for utilizing them for specific requirements under 

specified conditions. © 2010 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. 

No.50 

Author (s) : Arayasantiparb, R., Tsuchimochi, M. 

Title : Quantification of disc displacement in internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint using magnetic resonance 

imaging 

Source : Odontology, Volume 98, Issue 1, February 2010, Pages 73-81 


Keywords : Disc; Internal derangement; MRI; Quantification; Temporomandibular joint 

Abstract : Many measures have been developed to determine the extent of disc displacement in internal derangements of the 

temporomandibular joint (TMJ) using magnetic resonance imaging. The purpose of this study was to develop a quantitative 

method of analyzing disc position and to evaluate the positions of the disc in internal derangements of the TMJ (group 1, 

with reduction; group 2, without reduction). Magnetic resonance images of 150 TMJs in 20 healthy volunteers and 55 patients 

with internal derangements were evaluated. The anatomical points of interest of the TMJ, including the anterior (DA) and 

posterior (DP) points of the disc, were marked on parasagittal magnetic resonance images of the TMJ disc taken in both the 

closed- and the open-mouth positions. All points were recorded using an x-y coordinate system, with reference to a referral 

line. In the closed-mouth position, the DP in patients in group 1 was situated in a more-anterior direction than the DP in 

volunteers. The DP in group 2 was located further anterior and inferior than the DP in group 1. However, the position of the 

DA did not differ between group 1 and group 2. In the open-mouth position, the DP was displaced anteroinferiorly to a 

greater extent in group 2 than in group 1 (one-way ANOVA, followed by Scheffe's test; P < 0.0001). The distance between the 

disc points in the closed- and open-mouth positions was also evaluated. Comparison of the disc point position in the closed- 

and open-mouth positions in symptomatic and asymptomatic displaced TMJ discs revealed no significant difference. In 

conclusion, most of our results quantitatively support previously reported findings in imaging, surgical, and histopathological 

studies of TMJ internal derangement. We suggest that our measure of disc position of the TMJ would be useful to assess the 

status and response to treatment of internal derangements of the TMJ. © The Society of The Nippon Dental University 2010. 

No.51 

Author (s) : Arayasiri, M., Mahidol, C., Navasumrit, P., Autrup, H., Ruchirawat, M. 

18


Title : Biomonitoring of benzene and 1,3-butadiene exposure and early biological effects in traffic policemen 

Source : Science of the Total Environment, Volume 408, Issue 20, September 2010, Pages 4855-4862 


Keywords : 8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG); Benzene and 1,3-butadiene exposure; Biomonitoring; DNA-repair capacity; DNAstrand 

breaks; Traffic policemen 

Abstract : The objective of this study was to determine benzene and 1,3-butadiene exposure through ambient air and personal air 

monitoring, as well as through biomarkers of exposure, and to evaluate the potential health risk of exposure through the use 

of biomarkers of early biological effects in central Bangkok traffic policemen. Ambient air concentrations of benzene and 1,3butadiene 

at the roadsides were significantly higher than in police offices used as control sites (p<0.001). Traffic policemen 

had a significantly higher exposure to benzene (median 38.62μg/m3) and 1,3-butadiene (median 3.08μg/m3) than office 

policemen (median 6.17μg/m3 for benzene and 0.37μg/m3 for 1,3-butadiene) (p<0.001). Biomarkers of benzene exposure, 

blood benzene, and urinary metabolite, trans, trans-muconic acid were significantly higher in traffic policemen than office 

policemen (p<0.001). No significant difference between traffic and office policemen was found in urinary benzene 

metabolite, S-phenyl mercapturic acid, or in urinary 1,3-butadiene metabolite, monohydroxy-butenyl mercapturic acid. 

Biomarkers of early biological effects, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine in leukocytes (8-OHdG), DNA-strand breaks, and DNA-repair 

capacity, measured as an increase in gamma ray-induced chromosome aberrations were significantly higher in traffic 

policemen than controls (p<0.001 for 8-OHdG, p<0.01 for tail length, p<0.001 for olive tail moment, p<0.05 for 

dicentrics and p<0.01 for deletions). Multiple regression model including individual exposure, biomarkers of exposure, ages 

and years of work as independent variables showed that only the levels of individual 1,3-butadiene exposure were 

significantly associated with 8-OHdG and olive tail moment at p<0.0001 indicating more influence of 1,3-butadiene on DNA 

damage. These results indicated that traffic policemen, who are exposed to benzene and 1,3-butadiene at the roadside in 

central Bangkok, are potentially at a higher risk for development of diseases such as cancer than office policemen. © 2010 

Elsevier B.V. 

No.52 

Author (s) : Arj-Ong, S., Thakkinstian, A., McEvoy, M., Attia, J. 

Title : A systematic review and meta-analysis of tumor necrosis factor -308 polymorphism and Kawasaki disease 

Source : Pediatrics International, Volume 52, Issue 4, August 2010, Pages 527-532 


Keywords : genetic association studies; Kawasaki disease; meta-analysis; tumor necrosis factor-alpha-308 

Abstract : Background: There have been genetic studies assessing the association between tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α- 308 and 

Kawasaki disease (KD) but the results have been conflicting due to lack of power. Therefore, a systematic review and metaanalysis 

was conducted to increase the power for identifying the association between the TNF-α- 308 polymorphism and KD. 

Method: Studies were identified from MEDLINE and EMBASE databases and were included if the subjects were children and 

the frequencies between TNF - 308 and KD were reported. Data were pooled using a random effect model if heterogeneity 

between studies was present. Results: Thirteen studies were identified however only six studies were included. The pooled 

prevalence of minor A allele was 5.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.1%-9.5%). Gene effect was assessed using per-allele 

and per-genotype approaches. The pooled odds ratio of G versus A with the random effect model was 1.13 (95%CI: 0.34- 

3.27). The genotype effects for GG versus GA+AA was estimated and the pooled odds ratio was 1.08 (95%CI: 0.42-2.92). 

Conclusion: This review suggests a trend of association between the TNF-α-308 G-allele and KD. However, the gene effects 

are heterogeneous and assessing sources of heterogeneity are limited. An updated meta-analysis is needed if more studies 

are published. © 2010 Japan Pediatric Society. 

No.53 

Author (s) : Arndt, S.S., Lohavech, D., van't Klooster, J., Ohl, F. 

Title : Co-species housing in mice and rats: Effects on physiological and behavioral stress responsivity 

Source : Hormones and Behavior, Volume 57, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 342-351 


Keywords : Adrenals; Behavior; Co-species housing; Corticosterone; Mouse; Physiology; Rat; Species-separated 

housing; Stress; Thymus; Tyrosine hydroxylase 

Abstract : Co-species housing of mice and rats is common practice at most breeding facilities and research laboratories, neglecting the 

possible effects on the animals. We investigated physiological as well as behavioral stress-reactivity in mice and rats which 

19


were either derived from a co-species or species-separated housing condition at the breeding facilities. The animals were kept 

under the housing condition they were used to or assigned to the opposite one. Co-species housing had a significant impact 

on acute stress reactivity in mice and rats but only if they were used to this housing condition throughout their lives. 

Moreover, the stress-effects appeared to be long lasting. Assigning animals, derived from a species-separated housing 

condition, to co-species housing led to chronic stress in mice and affected experimental behavior of rats. Our findings led to 

the conclusion that co-species housing in mice and rats should be avoided, supporting the recommendations by the U.S. 

National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport (VWS). In order to support the 

interpretation, facilitate the reproducibility and comparability and subsequently the generalizability of experimental results, 

breeding facilities should at least provide detailed information about their housing conditions. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights 

reserved. 

No.54 

Author (s) : Arphorn, S., Chaonasuan, P., Pruktharathikul, V., Singhakajen, V., Chaikittiporn, C. 

Title : A program for thai rubber tappers to improve the cost of occupational health and safety 

Source : Industrial Health, Volume 48, Issue 3, May 2010, Pages 275-282 


Keywords : Cost of occupational health; Health promotion; Rubber tapper; Work-related accident 

Abstract : The purposes of this research were to determine the cost of occupational health and safety and work-related health 

problems, accidents, injuries and illnesses in rubber tappers by implementing a program in which rubber tappers were 

provided training on self-care in order to reduce and prevent work-related accidents, injuries and illnesses. Data on costs for 

healthcare, the prevention and the treatment of work-related accidents, injuries and illnesses were collected by interview 

using a questionnaire. The findings revealed that there was no relationship between what was spent on healthcare and the 

prevention of work-related accidents, injuries and illnesses and that spent on the treatment of work-related accidents, injuries 

and illnesses. The proportion of the injured subjects after the program implementation was significantly less than that before 

the program implementation (p


Source : Bulletin of the World Health Organization, Volume 88, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 173-184 


Keywords : larvicidal agent, virus vector; breeding site, dengue fever, disease control, disease transmission, disease vector, household 

survey, periurban area, public health, urban area, waste disposal, water supply; Aedes aegypti, article, Asia, attitude to 

health, breeding, city, dengue, Dengue virus, health service, health survey, household, knowledge, larva, pesticide 

spraying, pupa (life cycle stage), urban area, vector control, virus transmission, waste disposal, water supply, zoology; 

Animals, Asia, Data Collection, Dengue, Disease Reservoirs, Ecosystem, Insect Vectors, Mosquito Control, Suburban 

Health, Urban Health; Asia; Aedes aegypti 

Abstract : Objective: To study dengue vector breeding patterns under a variety of conditions in public and private spaces; to explore 

the ecological, biological and social (eco-bio-social) factors involved in vector breeding and viral transmission, and to define 

the main implications for vector control. Methods: In each of six Asian cities or periurban areas, a team randomly selected 

urban clusters for conducting standardized household surveys, neighbourhood background surveys and entomological 

surveys. They collected information on vector breeding sites, people's knowledge, attitudes and practices surrounding 

dengue, and the characteristics of the study areas. All premises were inspected; larval indices were used to quantify vector 

breeding sites, and pupal counts were used to identify productive water container types and as a proxy measure for adult 

vector abundance. Findings: The most productive vector breeding sites were outdoor water containers, particularly if 

uncovered, beneath shrubbery and unused for at least one week. Peridomestic and intradomestic areas were much more 

important for pupal production than commercial and public spaces other than schools and religious facilities. A complex but 

non-significant association was found between water supply and pupal counts, and lack of waste disposal services was 

associated with higher vector abundance in only one site. Greater knowledge about dengue and its transmission was 

associated with lower mosquito breeding and production. Vector control measures (mainly larviciding in one site) 

substantially reduced larval and pupal counts and "pushed" mosquito breeding to alternative containers. Conclusion: Vector 

breeding and the production of adult Aedes aegypti are influenced by a complex interplay of factors. Thus, to achieve 

effective vector management, a public health response beyond routine larviciding or focal spraying is essential. 

No.57 

Author (s) : Arunpongpaisal, S., Srisurapanont, M., Kongsakon, R., Kitiwattanagul, K., Samanwongthai, U. 

Title : Risperidone long-acting injection (RLAI): The 12-week efficacy and tolerability in thai patients with chronic schizophrenia 



Keywords : Risperidone long acting injection; Schizophrenia; Thai 

Abstract : Background: Although oral atypical antipsychotics have improved the outcomes in schizophrenia, the patient medication 

adherence plays role as the important factor to clinical potential of the drugs. Therefore, the long-acting formulations of 

antipsychotics have been developed to improve the treatment compliance in patient with schizophrenia and risperidone 

long-acting injection (RLAI) is the first long-acting injectable drug since then. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and 

tolerability of long-acting risperidone injection in Thai patients with chronic schizophrenia for 12 weeks treatment. Material 

and Method: This was a non-randomized, open-label, single-arm study, performed at 5 centers in Thailand. The eligible 

patients with schizophrenia diagnosed by DSM-IV criteria were enrolled. Patients received long-acting risperidone injection 25, 

37.5 or 50 mg every 2 weeks. Efficacy assessments were measured by Manchester Psychiatric Rating Scale (MPS), CGI-S and SF- 

36 at baseline, week 6 and week 12 or end point visit. Tolerability assessments were measured by Yale Extrapyramidal 

Symptoms Rating Scale (YESS), Visual analogue scale 10-cm for pain at injection site, body weight (BW) and incidence of 

adverse events. Results: Of 184 patients recruited, 160 patients (87%) completed the study. RLAI produced a significant 

improvement (p < 0.001) in MPS positive score from baseline to endpoint, 4.4 + 3.7 to 1.6 + 2.6. There was also significant 

reduction in MPS negative score, from 3.06 + 2.68 to 0.93 + 1.61 at endpoint (p < 0.001). The CGI-S score improved 

significantly from baseline to end point (p < 0.001), as reflected by the increase the proportion of patients rated as "not ill" or 

"borderline ill" from 5.9% at baseline to 53.2% at endpoint. Quality of life measured on the SF-36 scale was improved in all 

domains except bodily pain. Movement disorders, measured by YESS, were significantly reduced following RLAI introduction. 

Treatment with this drug was well tolerated and no significant weight gain occurred during the study. Conclusion: This study 

suggests that RLAI produces symptomatic improvement in chronic schizophrenia patients, along with improvement of 

movement disorders and had a good tolerability and adherence to treatment. 

21


No.58 

Author (s) : Ashley, E.A., Stepniewska, K., Lindegardh, N., Annerberg, A., Tarning, J., McGready, R., Phaiphun, L., Singhasivanon, P., White, 

N.J., Nosten, F. 

Title : Comparison of plasma, venous and capillary blood levels of piperaquine in patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria 

Source : European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, Volume 66, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 705-712 


Keywords : Artemisinin combination therapy; Capillary blood; Malaria; Piperaquine 

Abstract : Purpose Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) is a fixeddose artemisinin-based combination treatment. Field pharmacokinetic 

studies would be simplified and facilitated by being able to use small volume capillary assays rather than venous blood. The 

aim of this study was to describe the relationship between piperaquine concentrations measured in capillary blood, venous 

blood and venous plasma. Methods Samples of plasma, whole blood obtained by venesection and capillary blood were 

taken simultaneously from patients with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria treated with DP between 0 and 9 

weeks after treatment. Piperaquine concentrations in venous and capillary samples were measured using solid phase 

extraction and analysis by liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. Results A total of 161 sets of the three measures 

were obtained from 54 patients. Piperaquine concentrations in the venous blood samples were approximately twofold higher 

and those in the capillary blood samples were threefold higher than the corresponding venous plasma concentrations. 

Capillary blood piperaquine concentrations were approximately 1.7-fold higher than venous blood concentrations, and this 

difference also increased with time. Conclusion Differences in whole blood and plasma levels of piperaquine suggest 

compartmentalisation of the drug within blood cells, as also occurs with the structurally related quinoline chloroquine. The 

relationship between piperaquine concentrations in the venous plasma, venous blood and capillary blood is variable and 

unpredictable at low concentrations. However, within the range of concentrations usually present in patients between 3 and 

21 days after treatment with currently recommended doses, the relationship between capillary and venous whole blood is 

predictable; consequently, capillary blood sampling can be used in field assessments. 

No.59 

Author (s) : Askie, L.M., Ballard, R.A., Cutter, G., Dani, C., Elbourne, D., Field, D., Hascoet, J.-M., Hibbs, A.M., Kinsella, J.P., Mercier, J.-C., Rich, 

W., Schreiber, M.D., Srisuparp, P., Subhedar, N.V., Van Meurs, K.P., Voysey, M., Barrington, K., Ehrenkranz, R.A., Finer, N. 

Title : Inhaled Nitric Oxide in preterm infants: A systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis 

Source : BMC Pediatrics, 10, art. no. 15, . 


Keywords : dexamethasone, lung surfactant, nitric oxide, oxygen; article, assisted ventilation, chronic lung disease, clinical trial, drug dose 

reduction, drug efficacy, drug response, drug safety, early intervention, human, meta analysis, oxygen 

therapy, prediction, prematurity, respiratory distress syndrome, respiratory failure, systematic review, therapy delay, treatment 

outcome, chronic disease, inhalational drug administration, lung disease, mortality, newborn, randomized controlled 

trial, regression analysis, review; Administration, Inhalation, Chronic Disease, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, 

Premature, Infant, Premature, Diseases, Lung Diseases, Nitric Oxide, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Regression 

Analysis, Respiratory Insufficiency, Treatment Outcome 

Abstract : Background: Preterm infants requiring assisted ventilation are at significant risk of both pulmonary and cerebral injury. Inhaled 

Nitric Oxide, an effective therapy for pulmonary hypertension and hypoxic respiratory failure in the full term infant, has also 

been studied in preterm infants. The most recent Cochrane review of preterm infants includes 11 studies and 3,370 

participants. The results show a statistically significant reduction in the combined outcome of death or chronic lung disease 

(CLD) in two studies with routine use of iNO in intubated preterm infants. However, uncertainty remains as a larger study 

(Kinsella 2006) showed no significant benefit for iNO for this combined outcome. Also, trials that included very ill infants do 

not demonstrate significant benefit. One trial of iNO treatment at a later postnatal age reported a decrease in the incidence 

of CLD. The aim of this individual patient meta-analysis is to confirm or refute these potentially conflicting results and to 

determine the extent to which patient or treatment characteristics may explain the results and/or may predict benefit from 

inhaled Nitric Oxide in preterm infants.Methods/Design: The Meta-Analysis of Preterm Patients on inhaled Nitric Oxide 

(MAPPiNO) Collaboration will perform an individual patient data meta-analysis to answer these important clinical questions. 

Studies will be included if preterm infants receiving assisted ventilation are randomized to receive inhaled Nitric Oxide or to a 

control group. The individual patient data provided by the Collaborators will be analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis where 

possible. Binary outcomes will be analyzed using log-binomial regression models and continuous outcomes will be analyzed 

using linear fixed effects models. Adjustments for trial differences will be made by including the trial variable in the model 

22


specification.Discussion: Thirteen (13) trials, with a total of 3567 infants are eligible for inclusion in the MAPPiNO systematic 

review. To date 11 trials (n = 3298, 92% of available patients) have agreed to participate. Funding was successfully granted 

from Ikaria Inc as an unrestricted grant. A collaborative group was formed in 2006 with data collection commencing in 2007. It 

is anticipated that data analysis will commence in late 2009 with results being publicly available in 2010. © 2010 Askie et al; 

licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.60 

Author (s) : Assawamekin, N., Sunetnanta, T., Pluempitiwiriyawej, C. 

Title : Ontology-based multiperspective requirements traceability framework 

Source : Knowledge and Information Systems, Volume 25, Issue 3, December 2010, Pages 493-522 


Keywords : Knowledge management; Multiperspective software development; Ontology; Requirements traceability 

Abstract : Large-scaled software development inevitably involves a group of stakeholders, each of whom may express their 

requirements differently in their own terminology and representation depending on their perspectives or perceptions of their 

shared problems. In view of that, the heterogeneity must be well handled and resolved in tracing and managing changes of 

such requirements. This paper presents our multiperspective requirements traceability (MUPRET) framework which deploys 

ontology as a knowledge management mechanism to intervene mutual "understanding" without restricting the freedom in 

expressing requirements differently. Ontology matching is applied as a reasoning mechanism in automatically generating 

traceability relationships. The relationships are identified by deriving semantic analogy of ontology concepts representing 

requirements elements. The precision and recall of traceability relationships generated by the framework are verified by 

comparing with a set of traceability relationships manually identified by users as a proof-of-concept of this framework. © 2009 

Springer-Verlag London Limited. 

No.61 

Author (s) : Atchaneeyasakul, L.-O., Trinavarat, A. 

Title : Choroidal ruptures after adjuvant intravitreal injection of bevacizumab for aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity 

Source : Journal of Perinatology, Volume 30, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 497-499 


Keywords : avastin; choroidal rupture; intravitreal bevacizumab; laser photocoagulation; retinopathy of prematurity; ROP 

Abstract : In recent times, laser treatment combined with intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) has been used rarely as early investigations 

to treat patients with aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). We describe choroidal ruptures that were 

documented at 10 weeks after this combined treatment in a preterm infant born at 28 weeks gestation with a birth weight of 

1190 g. Aggressive posterior ROP was diagnosed at the age of 6 weeks. Initial treatment included bilateral laser ablation, 

followed immediately by intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB, 0.75 mg) in the right eye. On day 5, a remarkable regression of plus 

sign and fibrovascular proliferation was noted only in the right eye. At this point, additional laser treatment combined with 

IVB was given in the left eye, which dramatically resolved plus disease and neovascularization. At 10 weeks after IVB in the 

left eye, two sites of choroidal ruptures were revealed along the posterior edges of laser scars. There was no evidence of 

choroidal neovascularization associated with the choroidal ruptures. Choroidal rupture may occur shortly after laser ablation 

plus IVB treatment for aggressive posterior ROP. This occurrence requires recognition to determine whether it is actually 

related to the treatment. Long-term follow-up is important for understanding the nature and progression of this potentially 

serious complication. © 2010 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved. 

No.62 

Author (s) : Atchaneeyasakul, L.-O., Trinavarat, A., Pituksung, A., Jinda, W., Thongnoppakhun, W., Limwongse, C. 

Title : Mutations in the XLRS1 gene in Thai families with X-linked juvenile retinoschisis 

Source : Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology, Volume 54, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 89-93 


Keywords : Missense mutation; Retinoschisin; X-linked juvenile retinoschisis; XLRS 

Abstract : Purpose: To identify genetic mutations of the XLRS1 gene and to describe the ocular phenotypes in two unrelated Thai 

patients with X-linked juvenile retinoschisis. Methods: Ophthalmic examination, including best-corrected visual acuity and 

fundus examination and photography, was performed in all participants. Electroretinography (ERG) and optical coherence 

tomography were performed when possible. All six exons of the XLRS1 gene were amplified, and mutation screening was 

23


determined by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography and DNA sequencing. Results: Two point mutations were 

identified, a novel missense mutation c.378A > G (p.D126G) in exon 5 and a reported mutation c.637C > T (p.R213W) in exon 

6. The first proband with the p.D126G mutation developed vitreous hemorrhage in both eyes at age 7 months. Foveal and 

peripheral schisis with several inner layer holes were detected in both eyes. The second proband with the p.R213W mutation 

developed slightly blurred vision at age 10 years. Fundus examination showed numerous fine white dots at the macula 

without foveal or peripheral schisis. Electronegative ERG results were documented in both probands. Conclusions: A novel 

p.D126G mutation appeared to be associated with a severe phenotype with vitreous hemorrhage developing in infancy. Both 

intra- and interfamilial clinical variabilities were recognized in our patients. © 2010 Japanese Ophthalmological Society (JOS). 

No.63 

Author (s) : Atchaneeyasakul, L.-O., Uiprasertkul, M., Trinavarat, A. 

Title : Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in retinoblastoma: An immunohistochemical analysis 

Source : Current Eye Research, Volume 35, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 242-247 


Keywords : Angiogenesis; Cyclooxygenase-2; Immunohistochemical analysis; Monoclonal antibody; Retinoblastoma 

Abstract : Purpose: Increased level of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of cancers. High expression 

of COX-2 has been demonstrated in several cancer types including retinoblastoma. However, the in vivo study did not 

confirm the anti-proliferative effect of COX-2 inhibitor, celecoxib, on a murine transgenic retinoblastoma model. We, 

therefore, aim to investigate COX-2 expression in paraffin-embedded retinoblastoma specimens in a larger study group. 

Methods: We reviewed 55 retinoblastoma specimens obtained during 1995 to 2005. Clinical and histopathological data were 

recorded. Immunohistochemical evaluation of COX-2 expression was performed using a rabbit monoclonal antibody to 

human cyclooxygenase-2. Results: Forty-four of 55 specimens (80%) showed negative immunoreactivity for COX-2 expression. 

For the 11 specimens (20%, 95% CI=11.6-32.4%) with positive COX-2, all immunostainings were less than 50% of tumor area. 

Demographic data and treatment details were available in 53 specimens. Enucleation was performed as a primary treatment 

in 43 specimens (81%). Other treatments, mainly systemic chemotherapy, were given prior to enucleation in 10 specimens 

(19%). There was no statistical difference in COX-2 expression between the specimens identified as primary and secondary 

enucleation (p=0.66). Regarding the histopathological findings, there were no significant differences between COX-2 negative 

and COX-2 positive groups. Conclusions: It appears that COX-2 is not overexpressed in our retinoblastoma specimens, which is 

different from previous studies. This conflicting data reduces the possibility of introducing Cox-2 inhibitors in the treatment of 

retinoblastoma. 

No.64 

Author (s) : Atichartpongkul, S., Fuangthong, M., Vattanaviboon, P., Mongkolsuk, S. 

Title : Analyses of the regulatory mechanism and physiological roles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa OhrR, a transcription regulator and 

a sensor of organic hydroperoxides 

Source : Journal of Bacteriology, Volume 192, Issue 8, April 2010, Pages 2093-2101 


Keywords : bacterial protein, hydroperoxide, ohrr protein, tert butyl hydroperoxide, unclassified drug; article, bacterial strain, bacterial 

virulence, Caenorhabditis elegans, controlled study, gene expression, gene repression, genetic 

transcription, nonhuman, phenotype, physiology, priority journal, protein binding, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, regulatory 

mechanism, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, site directed mutagenesis; Animals, Bacterial Proteins, Blotting, 

Northern, Caenorhabditis elegans, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, Hydrogen Peroxide, Mutagenesis, Site- 

Directed, Operon, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Protein Binding, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Repressor Proteins, Reverse 

Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, tert-Butylhydroperoxide, Virulence; Caenorhabditis elegans, Pseudomonas 

aeruginosa 

Abstract : ohrR encodes an organic hydroperoxide sensor and a transcriptional repressor that regulates organic hydroperoxide-inducible 

expression of a thiol peroxidase gene, ohr, and itself. OhrR binds directly to the operators and represses transcription of these 

genes. Exposure to an organic hydroperoxide leads to oxidation of OhrR and to subsequent structural changes that result in 

the loss of the repressor's ability to bind to the operators that allow expression of the target genes. Differential induction of 

ohrR and ohr by tert-butyl hydroperoxide suggests that factors such as the repressor's dissociation constants for different 

operators and the chemical nature of the inducer contribute to OhrR-dependent organic hydroperoxide-inducible gene 

expression. ohrR and ohr mutants show increased and decreased resistance to organic hydroproxides, respectively, compared 

24


to a parental strain. Moreover, the ohrR mutant had a reduced-virulence phenotype in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa- 

Caenorhabditis elegans pathogenicity model. Copyright © 2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 

No.65 

Author (s) : Attasart, P., Kaewkhaw, R., Chimwai, C., Kongphom, U., Namramoon, O., Panyim, S. 

Title : Inhibition of Penaeus monodon densovirus replication in shrimp by double-stranded RNA 

Source : Archives of Virology, Volume 155, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 825-832 


Keywords : double stranded RNA, virus protein; animal, article, Densovirus, evaluation, gene silencing, genetics, metabolism, Penaeidae, 

physiology, Thailand, virology, virus gene, virus replication; Animals, Densovirus, Gene Silencing, Genes, Viral, Penaeidae, RNA, 

Double-Stranded, Thailand, Viral Nonstructural Proteins, Viral Structural Proteins, Virus Replication; Decapoda (Crustacea), 

Densovirus, Penaeus monodon 

Abstract : Stunted shrimp caused by Penaeus monodon densovirus (PmDNV) infection is one of the main problems leading to a 

significant economic loss in Thailand. To control this pandemic disease, a double-stranded-RNA-mediated virus-specific gene 

silencing approach was applied to inhibit viral replication. In this study, two dsRNAs corresponding to the non-structural 

protein (ns1) and the structural protein (vp) genes of PmDNV were synthesized and introduced into shrimp haemolymph prior 

to viral challenge. After allowing viral replication for two weeks, the suppression effect by each dsRNA was evaluated by semiquantitative 

PCR and compared with the control. A reduction of PmDNV in shrimp treated with each dsRNA was observed. In 

contrast, a high level of viral infection was detected in the control group (NaCl). Based on a limited sample number, we 

reached the tentative conclusion that virus-specific dsRNA can inhibit PmDNV replication, in which the dsRNA-ns1was more 

effective than the dsRNA-vp. © 2010 Springer-Verlag. 

No.66 

Author (s) : Attia, J., Thakkinstian, A., McElduff, P., Milne, E., Dawson, S., Scott, R.J., Klerk, N.D., Armstrong, B., Thompson, J. 

Title : Detecting genotyping error using measures of degree of hardy-weinberg disequilibrium 

Source : Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Volume 9, Issue 1, 2010, Article number 5 


Keywords : Association study; Disequilibrium coefficient; Genotyping error; Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium 

Abstract : Tests for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) have been used to detect genotyping error, but those tests have low power 

unless the sample size is very large. We assessed the performance of measures of departure from HWE as an alternative way 

of screening for genotyping error. Three measures of the degree of disequilibrium (α, ,D, and F) were tested for their ability to 

detect genotyping error of 5% or more using simulations and a real dataset of 184 children with leukemia genotyped at 28 

single nucleotide polymorphisms. The simulations indicate that all three disequilibrium coefficients can usefully detect 

genotyping error as judged by the area under the Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve. Their discriminative ability 

increases as the error rate increases, and is greater if the genotyping error is in the direction of the minor allele. Optimal 

thresholds for detecting genotyping error vary for different allele frequencies and patterns of genotyping error but allele 

frequency-specific thresholds can be nominated. Applying these thresholds would have picked up about 90% of genotyping 

errors in our actual dataset. Measures of departure from HWE may be useful for detecting genotyping error, but this needs to 

be confirmed in other real datasets. © 2010 The Berkeley Electronic Press. All rights reserved. 

No.67 

Author (s) : Auksornkitti, V., Pongsiri, P., Theamboonlers, A., Rianthavorn, P., Poovorawan, Y., Manujum, K., Luplertlop, N. 

Title : Whole-genome characterisation of Chikungunya virus from Aedes albopictus collected in Thailand 

Source : Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Volume 104, Issue 3, 1 April 2010, Pages 265-269 


Keywords : virus RNA; Aedes albopictus, animal experiment, animal tissue, article, Chikungunya alphavirus, female, genome 

analysis, male, nonhuman, nucleotide sequence, phylogenetic tree, Thailand, virus isolation, virus strain; Aedes, Alphavirus 

Infections, Animals, Chikungunya virus, Female, Genome, Viral, Insect Vectors, Male, Phylogeny, Reverse Transcriptase 

Polymerase Chain Reaction, Thailand; Aedes albopictus, Chikungunya virus 


25


No.68 

Author (s) : Aung K., Hattasingh W., Limkittikul K., Suntarattiwong P., Chotpitayasunondh T. 

Title : CLINICAL DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HOSPITALIZED PAEDIATRIC PANDEMIC H1N1 2009 INFLUENZA AND OTHER ACUTE RESPIRATORY 

TRACT INFECTIONS AT QUEEN SIRIKIT NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH, THAILAND 

Source : ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Volume: 99, Supplement: 462, Pages: 43-43, Published: DEC 2010 




No.69 

Author (s) : Aunhachoke K., Bussaratid V., Chirachanakul P., Chua-Intra B., Dhitavat J., Jaisathaporn K., Kaewkungwal J., Kampirapap K., 

Khuhaprema T., Pairayayutakul K., Pitisuttithum P., Sindhvananda J., Thaipisuttikul Y. 

Title : HERPES ZOSTER-ASSOCIATED ILLNESSES, QUALITY OF LIFE AND HEALTH-CARE COSTS AMONG 180 THAI PATIENTS 

Source : VALUE IN HEALTH, Volume: 13, Issue: 7, Pages: A505-A505, Published: NOV 2010 




No.70 

Author (s) : Avirutnan, P., Fuchs, A., Hauhart, R.E., Somnuke, P., Youn, S., Diamond, M.S., Atkinson, J.P. 

Title : Antagonism of the complement component C4 by flavivirus nonstructural protein NS1 

Source : Journal of Experimental Medicine, Volume 207, Issue 4, 12 April 2010, Pages 793-806 


Keywords : classical complement pathway C3 C5 convertase, complement component C1, complement component 

C4, lectin, nonstructural protein 1; article, complement activation, controlled study, Dengue virus, enzyme 

activity, nonhuman, priority journal, protein cleavage, protein degradation, protein protein interaction, virus cell 

interaction, West Nile flavivirus, Yellow fever flavivirus; Animals, Biocatalysis, CHO Cells, Complement C1, Complement C1 

Inhibitor Protein, Complement C1s, Complement C3-C5 Convertases, Complement C3b, Complement C4, Complement 

C4b, Complement Factor I, Complement Hemolytic Activity Assay, Complement Pathway, Classical, Complement Pathway, 

Mannose-Binding Lectin, Cricetinae, Cricetulus, Dengue Virus, Enzyme Precursors, Guinea Pigs, Humans, Kinetics, Neutralization 

Tests, Protein Binding, Viral Nonstructural Proteins 

Abstract : The complement system plays an essential protective role in the initial defense against many microorganisms. Flavivirus NS1 

is a secreted nonstructural glycoprotein that accumulates in blood, is displayed on the surface of infected cells, and has 

been hypothesized to have immune evasion functions. Herein, we demonstrate that dengue virus (DENV), West Nile virus 

(WNV), and yellow fever virus (YFV) NS1 attenuate classical and lectin pathway activation by directly interacting with C4. 

Binding of NS1 to C4 reduced C4b deposition and C3 convertase (C4b2a) activity. Although NS1 bound C4b, it lacked intrinsic 

cofactor activity to degrade C4b, and did not block C3 convertase formation or accelerate decay of the C3 and C5 

convertases. Instead, NS1 enhanced C4 cleavage by recruiting and activating the complement-specific protease C1s. By 

binding C1s and C4 in a complex, NS1 promotes efficient degradation of C4 to C4b. Through this mechanism, NS1 protects 

DENV from complement-dependent neutralization in solution. These studies define a novel immune evasion mechanism for 

restricting complement control of microbial infection. © 2010 Avirutnan et al. 

No.71 

Author (s) : Avirutnan P., Fuchs A., Hauhart R.E., Somnuke P., Youn S., Diamond M.S., Atkinson J.P. 

Title : Inhibition of the human complement component C4 by Flavivirus non-structural protein NS1 

Source : MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY, Volume: 47, Issue: 13, Special Issue: SI, Pages: 2239-2239, DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2010.05.128, 

Meeting Abstract: 203, Published: AUG 2010 




26


No.72 

Author (s) : Awab, G.R., Pukrittayakamee, S., Imwong, M., Dondorp, A.M., Woodrow, C.J., Lee, S.J., Day, N.P., Singhasivanon, P., White, N.J., 

Kaker, F. 

Title : Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine versus chloroquine to treat vivax malaria in Afghanistan: An open randomized, non-inferiority, 

trial 



Keywords : chloroquine, dihydroartemisinin plus piperaquine, DNA, hemoglobin, antimalarial agent, artemisinin 

derivative, dihydroquinghaosu, piperaquine, quinoline derivative; 

adolescent, adult, Afghanistan, aged, anemia, arm, article, Asia, blood, child, clearance, clinical assessment, clinical 

trial, concentration (parameters), controlled clinical trial, DNA extraction, drug efficacy, drug tolerability, endemic 

disease, female, fever, film, follow up, headache, human, hypothesis, incidence, infant, infection, jaundice, leukocyte 

count, log rank test, major clinical study, malaria, malaria control, male, multivariate analysis, outcome 

assessment, parasite, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium vivax malaria, polymerase chain reaction, practice 

guideline, prophylaxis, pruritus, pulse rate, randomized controlled trial, recurrence risk, recurrent infection, registration, risk 

assessment, risk factor, risk reduction, sample size, survival rate, systolic blood pressure, treatment failure, treatment 

response, univariate analysis, controlled study, drug administration, drug combination, drug effect, isolation and 

purification, parasitology, preschool child, prospective study, recurrent disease, treatment outcome; 

Adolescent, Afghanistan, Antimalarials, Artemisinins, Child, Child, Preschool, Chloroquine, Drug Administration Schedule, Drug 

Therapy, Combination, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Infant, Malaria, Vivax, Male, Multivariate Analysis, Plasmodium 

vivax, Prospective Studies, Quinolines, Recurrence, Treatment Outcome 

Abstract : Background: Afghanistan's national guidelines recommend chloroquine for the treatment of Plasmodium vivax infection, the 

parasite responsible for the majority of its malaria burden. Chloroquine resistance in P. vivax is emerging in Asia. Therapeutic 

responses across Afghanistan have not been evaluated in detail. Methods. Between July 2007 and February 2009, an openlabel, 

randomized controlled trial of chloroquine and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine in patients aged three months and over 

with slide-confirmed P. vivax mono-infections was conducted. Consistent with current national guidelines, primaquine was not 

administered. Subjects were followed up daily during the acute phase of illness (days 0-3) and weekly until day 56. The 

primary endpoint was the overall cumulative parasitological failure rate at day 56 after the start of treatment, with the 

hypothesis being that dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine was non-inferior compared to chloroquine ( = 5% difference in 

proportion of failures). Results. Of 2,182 individuals with positive blood films for P. vivax, 536 were enrolled in the trial. The 

day 28 cure rate was 100% in both treatment groups. Parasite clearance was more rapid with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine 

than chloroquine. At day 56, there were more recurrent infections in the chloroquine arm (8.9%, 95% CI 6.0-13.1%) than the 

dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine arm (2.8%, 95% CI 1.4-5.8%), a difference in cumulative recurrence rate of 6.1% (2-sided 

90%CI +2.6 to +9.7%). The log-rank test comparing the survival curves confirmed the superiority of dihydroartemisininpiperaquine 

over chloroquine (p = 0.003). Multivariate analysis showed that a lower initial haemoglobin concentration was 

also independently associated with recurrence. Both regimens were well tolerated and no serious adverse events were 

reported. Conclusions. Chloroquine remains an efficacious treatment for the treatment of vivax malaria in Afghanistan. In a 

setting where radical therapy cannot be administered, dihydroartemisinin- piperaquine provides additional benefit in terms of 

post-treatment prophylaxis, reducing the incidence of recurrence from 4-8 weeks after treatment. Trial Registration. The trial 

was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under identifier NCT00682578. © 2010 Awab et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.73 

Author (s) : Bae, G., Bae, J., Kim-Lohsoontorn, P., Jeong, J. 

Title : Performance of SOFC coupled with n-C4H10 autothermal reformer: Carbon deposition and development of anode structure 

Source : International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Volume 35, Issue 22, November 2010, Pages 12346-12358 


Keywords : Autothermal reforming; Carbon deposition; Metal supported solid oxide fuel cell; n-C4H10; Solid oxide fuel cell 

Abstract : The performance deterioration of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs, Nickel-Yttria stabilized zirconia (Ni-YSZ)/YSZ/lanthanum doped 

strontium manganite-YSZ (LSM-YSZ)) coupled with n-C4H10 steam reformers (SR), autothermal reformers (ATR), or catalytic 

partial oxidation reformers (CPOX) was examined using an integrated system of a micro-reactor reformer and SOFC unit. The 

terminal voltage rapidly degraded in CPOX-driven SOFC (oxygen to carbon ratio (OCR) = 0.5) while it was fairly stable for SRdriven 

SOFC (steam to carbon ratio (SCR) = 2) over 250 h. For ATR-driven SOFC at near the thermoneutral point (OCR = 0.5 

27


and steam to carbon ration (SCR) = 1.3), significant deterioration of the terminal voltage was observed in 100 h of operation. 

The main precursors of carbon deposition on the SOFC were identified by reformate gas analysis during the tests. In this 

study, we reveal that the carbon deposition on the SOFC anode can be affected by not only lower-order hydrocarbons 

(C1∼C4), but also by the CO/H2 gas mixture. The change in electrical conductivity of the Ni-YSZ cermet used for the SOFC 

anode was investigated under different gas mixtures. To investigate the propensity for carbon deposition by each carboncontaining 

gas mixture, we defined the ratios of steam to specific carbon (C1∼C4 lower-order hydrocarbons and CO) in the 

reformate gas (SSCR, steam to specific carbon ratio). To inhibit carbon deposition on SOFC anode, the SSCR must be 

sufficiently high. However, the reformer operates near its maximum efficiency at low SSCR value and the higher the SSCR 

value, the lower the open circuit voltage and operating power density due to Nernst potential. In this study, a metal-foam 

supported SOFC single cell (Ni-YSZ/YSZ/Gd-doped ceria (CGO) buffer layer/lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite-samarium 

doped ceria (LSCF-SDC)), impregnated with catalyst was designed; this novel SOFC was then examined for operation at a low 

SSCR value of the autothermal reformer conditions (near maximum efficiency of n-C4H10 reformer and thermal neutral point, 

SSCR = 0.5, OCR = 0.5 and SCR = 1.3). The voltage for the metal-foam supported SOFC impregnated with 0.5 wt% Rh/CGO 

remained at a nearly constant value, around 0.8 V, for 200 h under a constant temperature of 750 °C and current load of 250 

mA cm-2. © 2010 Professor T. Nejat Veziroglu. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.74 

Author (s) : Baimark, Y., Srihanam, P., Srisuwan, Y., Phinyocheep, P. 

Title : Preparation of porous silk fibroin microparticles by a water-in-oil emulsification-diffusion method 

Source : Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Volume 118, Issue 2, 15 October 2010, Pages 1127-1133 


Keywords : Microparticles; Microspheres; Porous structures; Silk fibroin 

Abstract : Porous silk fibroin (SF) microparticles were prepared by a simple one-step water-in-oil emulsificationdiffusion method. 

Aqueous SF solution and organic phase solvent were used as water and oil phases, respectively. Four organic solvents with 

different water solubility were studied, i.e., ethyl acetate, diethyl ether, dichloromethane, and chloroform. Influences of 

organic phase solvent, water/oil volume ratio, and SF concentration on SF microparticle characteristics were investigated. It 

was found that shape of the SF microparticles depended upon the type of organic phase solvent. The SF microparticles with 

hollow or bowl-like shape were fabricated when organic solvents with higher water solubility, which are ethyl acetate and 

diethyl ether, were used as the continuous oil phase. While using organic solvents with lower water solubility, i.e., 

dichloromethane and chloroform resulted in the spherical shape SF microspheres. The water/oil volume ratios and the SF 

concentrations did not affect on the bowl-like and spherical shapes of SF microparticles. Results from scanning electron 

microscope shows that all the SF microparticle matrices were porous structures. Using ethyl acetate and diethyl ether as the 

oil phase gave larger SF microparticle sizes than using dichloromethane and chloroform. The influences of water/oil volume 

ratio and the SF concentration showed slightly effect on the sizes of SF microparticles. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 

No.75 

Author (s) : Baker, R.L., Tindell, S., Buckley Behan, D., Turpin, P.G., Rosenberger, J.M., Punnakitikashem, P. 

Title : Phase I: Creating an electronic prototype to generate equitable hospital nurse-to-patient assignments 

Source : CIN - Computers Informatics Nursing, Volume 28, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 57-62 


Keywords : Acuity; Burnout; Nurse specialty; Nurse-to-patient assignment; Patient diagnosis; Prototype; Workload 

Abstract : This pilot program is a software-based prototype providing a nurse-to-patient assignment presented to two groups of RNs 

enrolled in a nursing research course in a North Texas university. The goal of the pilot program was to obtain input regarding 

the assessment, functionality, and practicality of a nurse-to-patient electronic prototype. Registered nurse students were 

given a presurvey, instructions, and details on the use of the prototype, followed by a postsurvey. Prototype speed and lack 

of bias were reported as most favorable. Registered nurse students requested additions of multiple diagnoses, patient acuity, 

and experience level of the nurse to enhance the prototype. Seventy-three percent (n = 24) of the participants said that they 

would use the prototype, and 15% (n = 5) said that they would not. Copyright © 2010 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 

No.76 

Author (s) : Baldwin, K.; Cervenka, T.; de Souza, M. S.; Paris, R.; Koehler, R.; Thongcharoen, P.; Pitisutitthum, P.; Nitayaphan, S.; Suriyanon, 

V.; Robb, M.; Michael, N.; Kim, J.; Kijak, G. 

28


Title : Genetics of Fc Gamma Receptors IIa and IIIa in vaccine trial reagents to support the study of immune correlates in RV144 

Source : AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES Volume: 26 Issue: 10 Pages: A71-A71 Published: OCT 2010 

Document Type : Meeting Absstract 



No.77 

Author (s) : Bamrungsuk, K.; Chompoopong, S.; Tilokskulchai, K. 

Title : ELECTRICAL STIMULATION ON THE DENERVATED MUSCLE ATTENUATES NEUROPATHIC PAIN AFTER SPARED NERVE INJURY 

Source : JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY Volume: 115 Supplement: 1 Pages: 67-68 Published: OCT 2010 




No.78 

Author (s) : Banhiran, W., Tantilipikorn, P., Metheetrairut, C., Assanasen, P., Bunnag, C. 

Title : Quality of life in patients with chronic rhinitis after radiofrequency inferior turbinate reduction 

Source : Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, Volume 93, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 950-960 


Keywords : Chronic rhinitis; Quality of life; Radiofrequency turbinate reduction 

Abstract : Objective: This prospective, before-and-after study was aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness of radiofrequency (RF) inferior 

turbinate reduction in patients with chronic rhinitis refractory to medication on quality of life. Material and Method: From 

April 2007 to April 2008, there were 28 patients enrolled in the present study. The temperature controlled radiofrequency 

(RF) was applied at inferior turbinate on both sides. To compare before and at the 8th weeks after RF treatment, the patients 

were given Rhinoconjuctivitis Quality of Life questionnaires (Rcq-36) and questionnaires using visual analog scales (0-10) to 

assess subjective symptoms such as the frequency and severity of nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, hyposmia, and sneezing. 

The acoustic rhinometry and active rhinomanometry were also done to evaluate objective outcomes. Results: At the 8th 

week after RF treatment, the patient's quality of life in every dimension of Rcq-36 and all symptoms revealed a significant 

improvement (p < 0.05). Particularly, the severity and frequency of nasal congestion were reduced from 6.8 ± 2.5 and 6.3 ± 

2.5 to 2.6 ± 2.2 and 2.5 ± 2.1 respectively (p < 0.001). However, there was no statistically significant change in objective 

findings. All patients reported only minimal pain and no complication. Conclusion: This is the first study to show that 

radiofrequency inferior turbinate reduction can improve quality of life of the patients with chronic rhinitis in all dimensions. It 

is a simple and minimal invasive procedure, and thus will be a good alternative treatment. 

No.79 

Author (s) : Banjerdpongchai, R., Kongtawelert, P., Khantamat, O., Srisomsap, C., Chokchaichamnankit, D., Subhasitanont, P., Svasti, J. 

Title : Mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways cooperate in zearalenone-induced apoptosis of human leukemic 

cells 

Source : Journal of Hematology and Oncology, Volume 3, 2010, Article number 50 


Keywords : apoptosis inducing factor, calreticulin, caspase 3, caspase 8, cell protein, cytochrome c, endoplasmic reticulum protein 

29, glucose regulated protein 78, heat shock protein 90, messenger RNA, protein Bax, protein bcl 2, protein bcl xl, reactive 

oxygen metabolite, unclassified drug, zearalenone; apoptosis, article, cell cycle arrest, cell cycle G1 phase, cell strain HL 

60, cell strain U937, controlled study, cytotoxicity, down regulation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, enzyme activity, flow 

cytometry, genetic transcription, human, human cell, leukemia cell, liquid chromatography, mitochondrial membrane 

potential, mitochondrion, nitroblue tetrazolium test, nucleotide sequence, peripheral blood mononuclear 

cell, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, protein expression, protein secretion, reverse transcription polymerase chain 

reaction, upregulation, Western blotting, cell survival, drug effect, endoplasmic reticulum, gene expression 

profiling, leukemia, metabolism, pathology, physiological stress, physiology; Apoptosis, Cell Survival, Endoplasmic 

Reticulum, Gene Expression Profiling, HL-60 Cells, Humans, Leukemia, Mitochondria, Reactive Oxygen Species, Stress, 

Physiological, U937 Cells, Zearalenone 

29


Abstract : Background. Zearalenone (ZEA) is a phytoestrogen from Fusarium species. The aims of the study was to identify mode of 

human leukemic cell death induced by ZEA and the mechanisms involved. Methods. Cell cytotoxicity of ZEA on human 

leukemic HL-60, U937 and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was performed by using 3-(4,5-dimethyl)-2,5-diphenyl 

tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Reactive oxygen species production, cell cycle analysis and mitochondrial transmembrane 

potential reduction was determined by employing 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate, propidium iodide and 3,3'- 

dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide and flow cytometry, respectively. Caspase-3 and -8 activities were detected by using 

fluorogenic Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-7-amino-4- methylcoumarin (DEVD-AMC) and Ile-Glu-Thr-Asp-7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (IETD- 

AMC) substrates, respectively. Protein expression of cytochrome c, Bax, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL was performed by Western blot. The 

expression of proteins was assessed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel-electrophoresis (PAGE) coupled with LC-MS2 

analysis and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) approach. Results. ZEA was cytotoxic to U937 

> HL-60 > PBMCs and caused subdiploid peaks and G1 arrest in both cell lines. Apoptosis of human leukemic HL-60 and U937 

cell apoptosis induced by ZEA was via an activation of mitochondrial release of cytochrome c through mitochondrial 

transmembrane potential reduction, activation of caspase-3 and -8, production of reactive oxygen species and induction of 

endoplasmic reticulum stress. Bax was up regulated in a time-dependent manner and there was down regulation of Bcl-xL 

expression. Two-dimensional PAGE coupled with LC-MS2 analysis showed that ZEA treatment of HL-60 cells produced 

differences in the levels of 22 membrane proteins such as apoptosis inducing factor and the ER stress proteins including 

endoplasmic reticulum protein 29 (ERp29), 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein, heat shock protein 90 and calreticulin, whereas 

only ERp29 mRNA transcript increased. Conclusion. ZEA induced human leukemic cell apoptosis via endoplasmic stress and 

mitochondrial pathway. © 2010 Banjerdpongchai et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.80 

Author (s) : Banklaui, C., Jindadamrongwech, S., Sawangpanich, R., Apibal, S., Hongeng, S., Paisooksantivatana, K., Pakakasama, S. 

Title : Effect of genetic alterations of cytarabine-metabolizing enzymes in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia 

Source : Hematology/ Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy, Volume 3, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 103-108 


Keywords : cytarabine, cytidine deaminase, deoxycytidine kinase, drug metabolizing enzyme; acute lymphoblastic 

leukemia, adolescent, allele, anemia, article, cancer staging, childhood leukemia, clinical protocol, diarrhea, drug 

exposure, drug megadose, drug metabolism, drug response, enzyme activity, febrile neutropenia, female, flow 

cytometry, genetic variability, genotype, human, infant, leukemia remission, low drug dose, major clinical 

study, male, minimal residual disease, mucosa inflammation, mutation, neutropenia, repeated drug dose, risk 

assessment, single nucleotide polymorphism, thrombocytopenia; Adolescent, Alleles, Antigens, CD19, Antigens, 

CD45, Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic, Child, Child, Preschool, Cytarabine, Cytidine Deaminase, Deoxycytidine Kinase, Dose- 

Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Flow Cytometry, Gene 

Frequency, Genotype, Humans, Infant, Male, Mucositis, Neoplasm Staging, Neoplasm, Residual, Polymorphism, Single 

Nucleotide, Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma, Thrombocytopenia, Treatment Outcome 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) and cytidine deaminase (CDA) are 

known to alter their enzymatic activities, which affect the metabolism of cytarabine. Currently, treatment of childhood acute 

lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) includes cytarabine, especially in high-risk patients. Therefore, we hypothesized that a genetic 

variation of dCK and CDA genes may influence the risk of cytarabine-related toxicities and early response to treatment. 

PATIENTS AND METHODS: We included children diagnosed with ALL and lymphoblastic lymphoma (LL) stage III and IV. The 

patients received a modified St Jude Total Therapy Study XV protocol. Cytarabine was used during induction remission (lowdose 

cytarabine) and reinduction II (high-dose cytarabine) phases. Genotyping of dCK -360C>G and -201C>T and CDA 79A>C 

and 208G>A was performed. Minimal residual disease (MRD) at the end of the induction phase was measured using flow 

cytometry. RESULTS: Ninety-four children with ALL (n=90) and LL (n=4) were analyzed. The median age at diagnosis was 5.8 

years (range, 0.4-15 years). All four SNPs showed predominant wild type alleles. There was no CDA-208A allele in our 

population. Children with dCK-360G allele were at risk of mucositis after receiving low-dose cytarabine (OR=3.7; 95%CI, 1.2-- 

11.3). Neither dCK nor CDA polymorphisms affected the MRD status at the end of induction phase. CONCLUSION: The dCK- 

360G allele was found to increase the risk of mucositis after exposure to low-dose cytarabine in childhood ALL therapy. 

No.81 

Author (s) : Banyai, W., Kirdmanee, C., Mii, M., Supaibulwatana, K. 

Title : Overexpression of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPS) gene affected Artemisinin content and growth of Artemisia annua L 

30


Source : Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, Volume 103, Issue 2, November 2010, Pages 255-265 


Keywords : Agrobacterium tumefaciens; Artemisia annua L.; Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase; Transformation; Vacuum infiltration 

Abstract : Transgenic plants of Artemisia annua L., a medicinal plant that produces the compound artemisinin which has an anti-malarial 

activity, were developed following Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of leaf explants. A. tumefaciens strain 

EHA105 carrying either pCAMBIA1301 or pCAMBIAFPS was used. Both plasmids harbored the hygromycin phosphotransferase II 

(hptII) gene as a selectable gene, but the latter plasmid also harbored the gene encoding for farnesyl pyrophosphate 

synthase (FPS), a key enzyme for artemisinin biosynthesis. Shoot regeneration was observed either directly from leaf sections 

or via intervening callus when explants were incubated on solidified Murashige and Skoog (MS) (1962) medium containing 0.1 

mg l-1 α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 1 mg l-1 N6-benzyladenine (BA), 30 mg l-1 meropenem and 10 mg l-1 hygromycin. 

Applying vacuum infiltration dramatically increased transformation efficiency up to 7.3 and 19.7% when plasmids with and 

without FPS gene were used, respectively. All putative transgenic regenerants showed positive bands of hptII gene following 

Southern blot analysis. Expression of FPS was observed in all transgenic lines, and FPS over-expressed lines exhibited higher 

artemisinin content and yield, of 2.5- and 3.6-fold, respectively, than that detected in wild-type plants. A relatively high 

correlation (R2 = 0.78) was observed between level of expression of FPS and artemisinin content. However, gene silencing 

was detected in some transgenic lines, especially for those lines containing two copies of the FPS transgene, and with some 

lines exhibiting reduced growth. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 

No.82 

Author (s) : Banyai, W., Sangthong, R., Karaket, N., Inthima, P., Mii, M., Supaibulwatana, K. 

Title : Overproduction of artemisinin in tetraploid Artemisia annua L 

Source : Plant Biotechnology, Volume 27, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 427-433 


Keywords : Artemisia annua L.; Artemisinin; Chromosome; Colchicines; Tetraploid 

Abstract : Tetraploid plants of Artemisia annua L. exhibiting high-artemisinin-yield were successfully induced by treating excised leaves 

of in vitro plant with 0.1% colchicine. The chromosome number of original diploid plant was confirmed to be 2n=2x=18 

whereas that of the tetraploid plant was 2n=x=6. Morphological and anatomical characteristics of tetraploid plants were 

obviously different from the diploid counterpart. The tetraploid plants had larger sizes of root system, stomata and glandular 

secretory trichomes than diploid plant, whereas leaf size in tetraploid was smaller but thicker than diploid. The highest 

amount of artemisinin content was produced at flower blooming stage in both diploid (2.4% dry weight) and tetraploid (3.8% 

dry weight) lines. Based on the maximum yield of artemisinin, the optimum harvest time for the diploid lines was flower 

initiation stage but it was at full blooming stage for tetraploid lines. The highest artemisinin yield in tetraploid plants up to 3.0 

mg plant-1 was detected at this stage which was 1.5 times greater than diploid plants. This is a first report that clearly 

showed the potential of chromosome doubling strategy to produce high-yield line of A. annua plant for artemisinin 

production. © 2010 The Japanese Society for Plant Cell and Molecular Biology. 

No.83 

Author (s) : Baowan, D., Cox, B.J., Hill, J.M. 

Title : Discrete and continuous approximations for nanobuds 

Source : Fullerenes Nanotubes and Carbon Nanostructures, Volume 18, Issue 2, March 2010, Pages 160-177 


Keywords : Calculus of variations; Carbon nanotubes; Fullerenes; Least squares method; Nanobuds 

Abstract : Both discrete and continuous approximations are employed to determine the join structure involved in the novel carbon 

nanostructure formed from a C 60 fullerene and a carbon nanotube, namely a nanobud. First, following the methodology of 

the authors' previous work, using a least squares minimization procedure, discrete models are used to join a fullerene and a 

carbon nanotube by minimizing both the variation in the bond length and the variation in the bond angle. These purely 

geometrical approaches are closely related to the bonded potential energy method adopted by several authors. Second, by 

employing a calculus of variations technique, a continuous approximation to the nanobud is determined. In this case, there 

are also two models depending upon the sign of the curvature of the join profile. We find that the discrete and the 

continuous approximations are in reasonable overall agreement. However, there is no experimental or simulation data to 

determine which procedure gives the more realistic results. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. 

31


No.84 

Author (s) : Baowan, D., Cox, B.J., Hill, J.M. 

Title : Dislodgement of carbon nanotube bundles under pressure driven flow 

Source : Nanotechnology, Volume 21, Issue 15, 2010, Article number 155305 


Keywords : A-carbon, Carbon nanotube bundle, Cross sectional area, Flow area, Mass transport, Mathematical 

modelling, matrix, Nanotube bundles, Poiseuille flow, Pressure force, Pressure-driven flows, Static pressure, Total 

force, Viscous forces; Transport properties; Carbon nanotubes 

Abstract : Experimental and predicted flow rates through carbon nanotubes vary considerably but generally are reported to be well in 

excess of that predicted by the conventional Poiseuille flow, and therefore nanotubes embedded in a matrix might provide 

membranes with exceptional mass transport properties. In this paper, applied mathematical modelling is undertaken to 

estimate the three forces acting on a nanotube bundle, namely the molecular interaction force, the viscous force, and the 

static pressure force. In deducing estimates of these forces we introduce a modification of the notion of the effective dead 

area for a carbon nanotube membrane, and we calculate the total forces necessary to push one or more of the nanotubes 

out of the bundle, thus creating a channel through which further enhancement of flow may take place. However, careful 

analysis shows that the nett dislodgement force is entirely independent on the useable flow area, but rather depends only 

on the total cross-sectional area perpendicular to the flow. This rather surprising result is a consequence of the flow being 

steady and a balance of the viscous and pressure forces. © 2010 IOP Publishing Ltd. 

No.85 

Author (s) : Baowan, D., Traimpo, W., Traimpo, D., Hill, J.M. 

Title : Theoretical prediction for the encapsulation of TiO2 nanoparticles into carbon nanotubes 

Source : ICONN 2010 - Proceedings of the 2010 International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2010, Article number 

6045177, Pages 62-65 


Keywords : Carbon nanotube; Encapsulation; Lennard-Jones potential function; Suction energy; Titanium dioxide 

Abstract : Carbon nanotubes and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) are well-known nanostructures which offer the means to create 

many new and novel nanoscale devices. The encapsulation of a TiO2 molecule into a single-walled carbon nanotube may 

provide the ideas for the development in targeted drug delivery process. This paper aims to investigate the relation between 

the potential molecular interaction energy of the system versus the radii of TiO2 molecule and the nanotube. The Lennard- 

Jones potential function together with the continuous approximation is employed to determine the molecular interaction 

energy between the TiO2 molecule and the carbon nanotube. The suction energy, which is the energy acquired by the 

molecule in the encapsulation, for a particular TiO2 molecular radius is presented. An accumulation of TiO2 clusters at only 

one end of the open nanotube is observed in experiments, so the interaction energy between two TiO2 nanoparticles is also 

examined. The results presented here are based on work by the present authors appearing in [1, 2]. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.86 

Author (s) : Baowan, D., Triampo, D., Triampo, W. 

Title : Modeling of titania nanoparticle accumulation at the open end of single-walled carbon nanotubes prior to TiO2 

encapsulation 

Source : Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience, Volume 7, Issue 10, October 2010, Pages 1926-1930 


Keywords : Carbon nanotubes; Lennard-Jones potential; Titanium dioxide 

Abstract : Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) are perhaps the most well-known nanoparticles. The encapsulation of 

TiO2 into CNT could provide ideas for the development of targeted drug delivery systems. It is intuitively understood that 

due to particle size limitation, the relatively large size of TiO2 prevents its encapsulation into CNT. However, it could be 

possible for TiO2 to encapsulate when those two types of particles are still of comparable size. Motivated by experimental 

results, the aim of this paper is to utilize the Lennard-Jones (6-12) potential function and applied mathematical modeling 

tools to understand why TiO2 nanoparticles aggregate at only one side of the carbon nanotube in order to be encapsulated 

into the tube (which is part of the main problem surrounding the encapsulation of TiO2 nanoparticles into SWNT). The 

theoretical prediction suggests that TiO2 particles are likely to cluster together since the energy level between two TiO2 

molecules and a carbon nanotube is lower than that between a TiO2 molecule and a carbon nanotube. This work could be 

32


considered as one of the first step models to be used with the analytic approach before developing more complicate ones. 

Copyright © 2010 American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved. 

No.87 

Author (s) : Barbazan, P., Guiserix, M., Boonyuan, W., Tuntaprasart, W., Pontier, D., Gonzalez, J.-P. 

Title : Modelling the effect of temperature on transmission of dengue 

Source : Medical and Veterinary Entomology, Volume 24, Issue 1, March 2010, Pages 66-73 


Keywords : Bloodmeals; Daily survival rate; Dengue transmission; Extrinsic incubation period; Gonotrophic cycle; Infective 

bites; Model; Temperature; Vector 

Abstract : The main entomological parameters involved in the rate of dengue virus transmission include the longevity of female 

mosquitoes, the time interval between bites and the extrinsic incubation period of the virus. Field and laboratory data 

provide estimates for these parameters, but their interactions with other factors (e.g. host population density and 

environmental parameters) make their integration into a transmission model quite complex. To estimate the impact of these 

parameters on transmission, we developed a model of virus transmission by a vector population which predicts the number 

of potentially infective bites under a range of temperatures and entomological parameters, including the daily survival rate of 

females, the interval between bites and the extrinsic incubation period. Results show that in a stable population, an increase 

in mosquito longevity disproportionately enhances the number of potential transmissions (e.g. by as much as five times when 

the survival rate rises from 0.80 to 0.95). Halving the length of the biting interval with a 10-°C rise in temperature increases the 

transmission rate by at least 2.4 times. Accordingly, the model can predict changes in dengue transmission associated with 

short-term variation in seasonal temperature and also with potentially long-lasting increases in global temperatures. © 2010 

Journal compilation © 2010 The Royal Entomological Society. No claim to original US government works. 

No.88 

Author (s) : Barzi, F., Woodward, M., Czernichow, S., Lee, C.M.Y., Kang, J.H., Janus, E., Lear, S., Patel, A., Caterson, I., Patel, J., Lam, T.H., 

Suriyawongpaisal, P., Huxley, R. 

Title : The discrimination of dyslipidaemia using anthropometric measures in ethnically diverse populations of the Asia-pacific region: 

The obesity in Asia collaboration 

Source : Obesity Reviews, Volume 11, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 127-136 


Keywords : Diagnosis; Lipids; Meta-analysis; Obesity 

Abstract : Dyslipidaemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is only detectable through blood testing, which may not be 

feasible in resource-poor settings. As dyslipidaemia is commonly associated with excess weight, it may be possible to identify 

individuals with adverse lipid profiles using simple anthropometric measures. A total of 222 975 individuals from 18 studies 

were included as part of the Obesity in Asia Collaboration. Linear and logistic regression models were used to assess the 

association between measures of body size and dyslipidaemia. Body mass index, waist circumference, waist: hip ratio (WHR) 

and waist: height ratio were continuously associated with the lipid variables studied, but the relationships were consistently 

stronger for triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The associations were similar between Asians and non- 

Asians, and no single anthropometric measure was superior at discriminating those individuals at increased risk of 

dyslipidaemia. WHR cut-points of 0.8 in women and 0.9 in men were applicable across both Asians and non-Asians for the 

discrimination of individuals with any form of dyslipidaemia. Measurement of central obesity may help to identify those 

individuals at increased risk of dyslipidaemia. WHR cut-points of 0.8 for women and 0.9 for men are optimal for discriminating 

those individuals likely to have adverse lipid profiles and in need of further clinical assessment. © 2009 International 

Association for the Study of Obesity. 

No.89 

Author (s) : Bassat, Q., Allabi, A., Cousin, M., Krudsood, S. 

Title : EFFICACY OF ARTEMETHER-LUMEFANTRINE (AL) IN THE TREATMENT OF BLOOD STAGES OF PLASMODIUM VIVAX 

Source : AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE, Volume: 83, Issue: 5, Supplement: S, Pages: 109-110, Meeting 

Abstract: 366, Published: NOV 2010 



33



No.90 

Author (s) : Batra, R., Cooper, B.S., Whiteley, C., Patel, A.K., Wyncoll, D., Edgeworth, J.D. 

Title : Efficacy and limitation of a Chlorhexidine-Based decolonization strategy in preventing transmission of Methidllin-Resistant 

staphylococcus aureus in an intensive care unit 

Source : Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 50, Issue 2, 15 January 2010, Pages 210-217 


Keywords : bacterial protein, chlorhexidine acetate, chlorhexidine gluconate, cx antiseptic dusting powder, qacA protein, qacB 

protein, triclosan, unclassified drug; adult, aged, antibiotic resistance, antibiotic sensitivity, article, bacterial gene, bacterial 

strain, bacterial transmission, bacterium isolate, clinical protocol, controlled study, disinfection, female, hospital bed 

capacity, human, in vitro study, in vivo study, infection control, infection prevention, intensive care unit, major clinical 

study, male, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection, minimum 

inhibitory concentration, nonhuman, patient education, priority journal; 

Chlorhexidine, Disinfectants, Female, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Male, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Middle 

Aged, Retrospective Studies, Staphylococcal Infections 

Abstract : Background. Surface-active antiseptics, such as Chlorhexidine, are increasingly being used as part of intervention programs to 

prevent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) transmission, despite limited evidence and potential for 

resistance. We report on the effect of an antiseptic protocol on acquisition of both endemic MRSA and an outbreak strain of 

MRSA sequence type 239 (designated TW). Methods. Interrupted time-series data on MRSA acquisitions in two 15-bed 

intensive care units were analyzed using segmented regression models to estimate the effects of sequential introduction of 

an educational campaign, cohorting, and a chlorhexidine-based antiseptic protocol on transmission of TW and non-TW MRSA 

strains. Representative TW and non-TW MRSA strains were assessed for carriage of qacA/B genes and antiseptic susceptibility. 

Results. The antiseptic protocol was associated with a highly significant, immediate 70% reduction in acquisition of non-TW 

MRSA strains (estimated model-averaged incidence rate ratio, 0.3; 95% confidence interval, 0.19-0.47) and an increase in 

acquisition of TW MRSA strains (estimated model-averaged incidence rate ratio, 3.85; 95% confidence interval, 0.80-18.59). 

There was only weak evidence of an effect of other interventions on MRSA transmission. All TW MRSA strains (21 of 21 

isolates) and


three years and covered 4,349 individuals from 220 randomly selected villages, representing 10.7% of all villages in Gabon. 

Using a sensitive and specific ELISA method, we found a ZEBOV-specific IgG seroprevalence of 15.3% overall, the highest ever 

reported. The seroprevalence rate was significantly higher in forested areas (19.4%) than in other ecosystems, namely 

grassland (12.4%), savannah (10.5%), and lakeland (2.7%). No other risk factors for seropositivity were found. The specificity of 

anti-ZEBOV IgG was confirmed by Western blot in 138 individuals, and CD8 T cells from seven IgG+ individuals were shown to 

produce IFN-γ after ZEBOV stimulation. Together, these findings show that a large fraction of the human population living in 

forested areas of Gabon has both humoral and cellular immunity to ZEBOV. In the absence of identified risk factors, the high 

prevalence of "immune" persons suggests a common source of human exposure such as fruits contaminated by bat saliva. 

These findings provide significant new insights into ZEBOV circulation and human exposure, and raise important questions as 

to the human pathogenicity of ZEBOV and the existence of natural protective immunization. © 2015 Becquart et al. 

No.92 

Author (s) : Becquart, P., Wauquier, N., Nkoghe, D., Ndjoyi-Mbiguino, A., Padilla, C., Souris, M., Leroy, E.M. 

Title : Acute dengue virus 2 infection in Gabonese patients is associated with an early innate immune response, including strong 

interferon alpha production 

Source : BMC Infectious Diseases, Volume 10, 17 December 2010, Article number 356 


Keywords : alpha interferon, cell surface marker, gamma interferon inducible protein 10, granulocyte colony stimulating 

factor, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor, interleukin 17, interleukin 6, monocyte chemotactic protein 

1, RANTES, vasculotropin A, chemokine, cytokine, signal peptide; acute disease, adult, aged, article, CD4+ T lymphocyte, CD8+ 

T lymphocyte, clinical article, controlled study, cytokine production, dengue, Dengue virus 2, ex vivo 

study, female, Gabon, human, in vitro study, innate immunity, lymphocyte activation, male, nonhuman, protein blood 

level, virus load, virus replication, adaptive immunity, blood, Dengue virus, down regulation, epidemic, flow 

cytometry, immunology, middle aged, mononuclear cell, upregulation, virology; Adaptive 

Immunity, Adult, Aged, Chemokines, Cytokines, Dengue, Dengue Virus, Disease Outbreaks, Down-Regulation, Female, Flow 

Cytometry, Gabon, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Interferon-alpha, Leukocytes, 

Mononuclear, Male, Middle Aged, Up-Regulation, Young Adult 

Abstract : Background: Dengue is now a leading cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the tropics. We conducted the first ex vivo 

study of dengue fever (DF) in African patients infected during the first Gabonese dengue virus 2 (DENV-2) outbreak in 2007, in 

order to investigate cytokine production, including the antiviral cytokine IFN-α, reported to be a potent inhibitor of DENV 

replication in vitro.Methods: Levels of 50 cytokines, chemokines and growth factors were measured in plasma from 36 

patients with DENV-2 infection, and in uninfected controls, using Luminex multiplex technology. The results were interpreted 

according to the day of sampling after symptom onset. PBMC from six patients were also studied for T lymphocyte cell 

surface marker expression by flow cytometry.Results: Acute DENV-2 infection elicited high levels of several pro-inflammatory 

cytokines (IL-6 and IL-17), chemokines (MIF, RANTES, IP-10 and MCP-1) and growth factors (G-CSF, GM-CSF and VEGF-A). We 

also observed high levels of IFN-α for the first time in adult DF patients, and CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation at symptom 

onset.Conclusion: Acute DENV-2 infection in African patients elicits a strong innate response involving IFN-α production, as 

well as an adaptive immune response. © 2010 Becquart et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.93 

Author (s) : Behmoaras, J., Smith, J., D'Souza, Z., Bhangal, G., Chawanasuntoropoj, R., Tam, F.W.K., Pusey, C.D., Aitman, T.J., Cook, H.T. 

Title : Genetic loci modulate macrophage activity and glomerular damage in experimental glomerulonephritis 

Source : Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, Volume 21, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 1136-1144 


Keywords : inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor alpha; allergic glomerulonephritis, animal cell, animal 

experiment, animal model, animal tissue, article, bone marrow transplantation, cell activation, cell infiltration, chromosome 

13, chromosome 16, congenic strain, controlled study, genetic susceptibility, immune complex nephritis, kidney 

transplantation, Lewis rat, macrophage, male, nonhuman, priority journal, protein expression, quantitative trait 

locus, rat, Wistar Kyoto rat; Animals, Bone Marrow Transplantation, Cells, Cultured, Disease Models, Animal, Genetic 

Loci, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Glomerular Mesangium, Glomerulonephritis, Kidney 

Transplantation, Macrophages, Male, Matrix Metalloproteinase 12, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II, Rats, Rats, Inbred Lew, Rats, 

Inbred WKY, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha 

35


Abstract : The Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rat is uniquely susceptible to experimentally induced crescentic glomerulonephritis. Two major 

quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on chromosomes 13 (Crgn1) and 16 (Crgn2) with logarithm of odds >8, as well as five other loci 

(Crgn3 through 7), largely explain this genetic susceptibility. To understand further the effects of Crgn1 and Crgn2, we 

generated a double-congenic strain by introgressing these loci from glomerulonephritis-resistant Lewis rats onto the WKY 

genetic background. Induction of nephrotoxic nephritis in the double-congenic rats (WKY.LCrgn1,2) produced markedly fewer 

glomerular crescents, reduced macrophage infiltration, and decreased expression of glomerular TNF-α and inducible nitric 

oxide synthase expression compared with control animals. Bone marrow and kidney transplantation studies between parental 

and WKY.LCrgn1,2 strains, together with in vitro experiments, demonstrated that Crgn1 and Crgn2 contribute exclusively to 

circulating cell-related glomerular injury by regulating macrophage infiltration and activation. The residual genetic 

susceptibility to crescentic glomerulonephritis in WKY.LCrgn1,2 rats associated with macrophage activity (especially with 

enhanced metalloelastase expression) rather than macrophage infiltration. Taken together, these results demonstrate that a 

genetic influence on macrophage activation, rather than number, determines glomerular damage in immune-mediated 

glomerulonephritis. Copyright © 2010 by the American Society of Nephrology. 

No.94 

Author (s) : Benjapibal, M., Chaopotong, P., Leelaphatanadit, C., Jaishuen, A. 

Title : Ruptured ovarian endodermal sinus tumor diagnosed during pregnancy: Case report and review of the literature 

Source : Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research, Volume 36, Issue 5, October 2010, Pages 1137-1141 


Keywords : endodermal sinus tumor; ovarian cancer; pregnancy; ruptured 

Abstract : Pregnancy complicated by endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary is a very rare event. We present a case report of a pregnant 

woman with a ruptured primary endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary that was diagnosed at 13 weeks of gestation. After right 

salpingo-oophorectomy had been performed the patient received four cycles of combination chemotherapy (bleomycin, 

etoposide, and cisplatin) starting at the 15th week of pregnancy. The patient did not have any evidence of tumor recurrence 

for 23 months. Her baby did not have any evidence of malformations and showed normal growth and development at 21 

months of follow up. © 2010 Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 

No.95 

Author (s) : Benner, M.T., Townsend, J., Kaloi, W., Htwe, K., Naranichakul, N., Hunnangkul, S., Carrara, V.I., Sondorp, E. 

Title : Reproductive health and quality of life of young Burmese refugees in Thailand 

Source : Conflict and Health, Volume 4, Issue 1, 2010, Article number 5 



Abstract : Background: Of the 140 000 Burmese* refugees living in camps in Thailand, 30% are youths aged 15-24. Health services in 

these camps do not specifically target young people and their problems and needs are poorly understood. This study aimed 

to assess their reproductive health issues and quality of life, and identifies appropriate service needs. Methods. We used a 

stratified two-stage random sample questionnaire survey of 397 young people 15-24 years from 5,183 households, and 19 

semi-structured qualitative interviews to assess and explore health and quality of life issues. Results: The young people in the 

camps had very limited knowledge of reproductive health issues; only about one in five correctly answered at least one 

question on reproductive health. They were clear that they wanted more reproductive health education and services, to be 

provided by health workers rather than parents or teachers who were not able to give them the information they needed. 

Marital status was associated with sexual health knowledge; having relevant knowledge of reproductive health was up to six 

times higher in married compared to unmarried youth, after adjusting for socio-economic and demographic factors. Although 

condom use was considered important, in practice a large proportion of respondents felt too embarrassed to use them. 

There was a contradiction between moral views and actual behaviour; more than half believed they should remain virgins 

until marriage, while over half of the youth experienced sex before marriage. Two thirds of women were married before the 

age of 18, but two third felt they did not marry at the right age. Forced sex was considered acceptable by one in three youth. 

The youth considered their quality of life to be poor and limited due to confinement in the camps, the limited work 

opportunities, the aid dependency, the unclear future and the boredom and unhappiness they face. Conclusions: The long 

conflict in Myanmar and the resultant long stay in refugee camps over decades affect the wellbeing of these young people. 

Lack of sexual health education and relevant services, and their concerns for their future are particular problems, which need 

36


to be addressed. Issues of education, vocational training and job possibilities also need to be considered. *Burmese is used 

for all ethnic groups. © 2010 Benner et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.96 

Author (s) : Bhakdi, S.C., Ottinger, A., Somsri, S., Sratongno, P., Pannadaporn, P., Chimma, P., Malasit, P., Pattanapanyasat, K., Neumann, 

H.P. 

Title : Optimized high gradient magnetic separation for isolation of Plasmodium-infected red blood cells 

Source: : Malaria Journal, Volume 9, Issue 1, 2010, Article number 38 


Keywords : polymer, polypropylene, stainless steel; article, blood culture, cell isolation, cell synchronization, cell viability, comparative 

study, density, dipole, erythrocyte, flow cytometry, high gradient magnetic separation, infection rate, magnetic field, magnetic 

separation, malaria, material coating, microscopy, nonhuman, Plasmodium 

falciparum, purification, schizont, syringe, viscosity, animal, blood, cell adhesion, cell separation, erythrocyte 

aggregation, growth, development and aging, immunology, instrumentation, isolation and 

purification, magnetism, methodology, osmotic fragility, parasitology, particle size, physiology, Plasmodium; Animals, Cell 

Adhesion, Cell Separation, Erythrocyte Aggregation, Erythrocytes, Flow Cytometry, Magnetics, Malaria, Osmotic 

Fragility, Particle Size, Plasmodium, Plasmodium falciparum, Schizonts 

Abstract : Background. Highly purified infected red blood cells (irbc), or highly synchronized parasite cultures, are regularly required in 

malaria research. Conventional isolation and synchronization rely on density and osmotic fragility of irbc, respectively. High 

gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) offers an alternative based on intrinsic magnetic properties of irbc, avoiding exposure to 

chemicals and osmotic stress. Successful HGMS concentration in malaria research was previously reported using polymer 

coated columns, while HGMS depletion has not been described yet. This study presents a new approach to both HGMS 

concentration and depletion in malaria research, rendering polymer coating unnecessary. Methods. A dipole magnet 

generating a strong homogenous field was custom assembled. Polypropylene syringes were fitted with one-way stopcocks 

and filled with stainless steel wool. Rbc from Plasmodium falciparum cultures were resuspended in density and viscosity 

optimized HGMS buffers and HGMS processed. Purification and depletion results were analysed by flow cytometer and light 

microscopy. Viability was evaluated by calculating the infection rate after re-culturing of isolates. Results. In HGMS 

concentration, purity of irbc isolates from asynchronous cultures consistently ranged from 94.8% to 98.4% (mean 95.7%). 

With further optimization, over 90% of isolated irbc contained segmented schizonts. Processing time was less than 45 min. 

Reinfection rates ranged from 21.0% to 56.4%. In HGMS depletion, results were comparable to treatment with sorbitol, as 

demonstrated by essentially identical development of cultures. Conclusion. The novel HGMS concentration procedure 

achieves high purities of segmented stage irbc from standard asynchronous cultures, and is the first HGMS depletion 

alternative to sorbitol lysis. It represents a simple and highly efficient alternative to conventional irbc concentration and 

synchronization methods. © 2010 Bhakdi et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.97 

Author (s) : Bhumiratana, A., Pechgit, P., Koyadun, S., Siriaut, C., Yongyuth, P. 

Title : Imported bancroftian filariasis: Diethylcarbamazine response and benzimidazole susceptibility of Wuchereria bancrofti in 

dynamic cross-border migrant population targeted by the National Program to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis in South Thailand 

Source : Acta Tropica, Volume 113, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 121-128 


Keywords : Benzimidazole susceptibility; Diethylcarbamazine; Imported bancroftian filariasis; National Program to Eliminate Lymphatic 

Filariasis; Wuchereria bancrofti 

Abstract : The implementation on the Thailand-Myanmar border of annual mass drug administration (MDA) of a single 6 mg/kg dose of 

diethylcarbamazine (DEC) plus 400 mg albendazole, part of the National Program to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (PELF), has 

been challenging. In particular, chain migration of cross-border Myanmar workers at risk for nocturnally periodic Wuchereria 

bancrofti infection can lead to imported bancroftian filariasis (IBF) in Thailand. IBF is targeted for multiple-dose MDA with 300 

mg DEC, in addition to what is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). The dynamic Myanmar migrants in 

Phang-nga, southern Thailand were sampled to test whether the responsible W. bancrofti has a genetic predisposition of 

benzimidazole exposure, and IBF exhibits DEC susceptibility. The long-term migrants had more access to DEC. IBF in W. 

bancrofti antigenemic (microfilaremic vs. amicrofilaremic) short-term migrants exhibited susceptibility to a 300-mg single-dose 

DEC treatment. During the course of a 3-month follow-up, antigenemia was significantly reduced, but microfilaremia was 

37


fluctuated. Surprisingly, a newly recognized Mansonella infection co-existing among W. bancrofti-affected Myanmar migrants 

elicited microfilaremia clearance within a month after treatment. As a result of the presence of genetically stable W. bancrofti 

β-tubulin (Wbtubb) gene responsible for benzimidazole susceptibility, IBF did not possess a genetic predisposition for 

benzimidazole exposure. Point mutations at positions Phe167Tyr and Phe200Tyr were not detected by Wbtubb locus-specific 

nested PCR and sequencing. This study has the potential to help guide not only the Thai/Myanmar PELF surveillance and 

monitoring of mass treatment impacts on W. bancrofti, but also the other endemic countries allied with the Global Program 

to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF). © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.98 

Author (s) : Bienvenu, F., Jirawatnotai, S., Elias, J.E., Meyer, C.A., Mizeracka, K., Marson, A., Frampton, G.M., Cole, M.F., Odom, D.T., Odajima, 

J., Geng, Y., Zagozdzon, A., Jecrois, M., Young, R.A., Liu, X.S., Cepko, C.L., Gygi, S.P., Sicinski, P. 

Title : Transcriptional role of cyclin D1 in development revealed by a genetic-proteomic screen 

Source : Nature, Volume 463, Issue 7279, 21 January 2010, Pages 374-378 


Keywords : binding protein, cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein binding protein, cyclin D1, hemagglutinin, histone 

acetyltransferase, Notch1 receptor; cancer, DNA, genetic analysis, genome, proteomics; acetylation, allele, animal 

experiment, animal tissue, article, cell cycle, cell proliferation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, DNA 

microarray, embryo, female, gene expression, in vivo study, knockout mouse, mass spectrometry, mouse, mouse 

strain, nonhuman, nucleotide sequence, phenotype, priority journal, protein function, retina, reverse transcription polymerase 

chain reaction, stem cell, upregulation; Alleles, Animals, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, CREB-Binding Protein, Cyclin 

D1, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Genome, High-Throughput Screening Assays, Histone Acetyltransferases, Mass 

Spectrometry, Mice, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Protein 

Binding, Proteomics, Rats, Receptor, Notch1, Retina, Stem Cells, Transcription, Genetic 

Abstract : Cyclin D1 belongs to the core cell cycle machinery, and it is frequently overexpressed in human cancers. The full repertoire 

of cyclin D1 functions in normal development and oncogenesis is unclear at present. Here we developed Flag-and 

haemagglutinin-tagged cyclin D1 knock-in mouse strains that allowed a high-throughput mass spectrometry approach to 

search for cyclin D1-binding proteins in different mouse organs. In addition to cell cycle partners, we observed several 

proteins involved in transcription. Genome-wide location analyses (chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled to DNA 

microarray; ChIP-chip) showed that during mouse development cyclin D1 occupies promoters of abundantly expressed genes. 

In particular, we found that in developing mouse retinasan organ that critically requires cyclin D1 functioncyclin D1 binds the 

upstream regulatory region of the Notch1 gene, where it serves to recruit CREB binding protein (CBP) histone 

acetyltransferase. Genetic ablation of cyclin D1 resulted in decreased CBP recruitment, decreased histone acetylation of the 

Notch1 promoter region, and led to decreased levels of the Notch1 transcript and protein in cyclin D1-null (Ccnd1-/-) retinas. 

Transduction of an activated allele of Notch1 into Ccnd1-/-retinas increased proliferation of retinal progenitor cells, indicating 

that upregulation of Notch1 signalling alleviates the phenotype of cyclin D1-deficiency. These studies show that in addition to 

its well-established cell cycle roles, cyclin D1 has an in vivo transcriptional function in mouse development. Our approach, 

which we term genetic-proteomic, can be used to study the in vivo function of essentially any protein. © 2010 Macmillan 

Publishers Limited. All rights reserved. 

No.99 

Author (s) : Bish, E.K., Suwandechochai, R. 

Title : Optimal capacity for substitutable products under operational postponement 

Source : European Journal of Operational Research, Volume 207, Issue 2, 1 December 2010, Pages 775-783 


Keywords : Capacity planning; Flexible capacity; Price/quantity postponement; Pricing; Product substitution; Uncertainty 

Abstract : We consider a monopolist producing two substitutable products with one flexible (shared) capacity. The demand of each 

product is a linear function of the prices of both products, and is subject to an additive shock. We study the impact of two 

key drivers, namely the degree of substitution between the products and the level of operational postponement, on the 

optimal capacity and the resulting expected profit. We show that the relationship between the optimal capacity and the 

degree of product substitution is not impacted by the different postponement strategies the firm can utilize or by the 

different settings (forced clearance versus holdback) considered in the previous literature. On the other hand, how capacity is 

affected by postponement critically depends on how closely substitutable the products are. In particular, we show that the 

38


well-known result that operational postponement and capacity are strategic complements in a single-product setting (Van 

Mieghem and Dada, 1999) no longer holds in our setting, because the two substitutable products are now linked through 

consumer-driven substitution, which the firm can influence through pricing. In particular, capacity and operational 

postponement (in the form of quantity postponement) can be either strategic substitutes or strategic complements, and this 

depends on both the firm's cost structure and the degree of substitution between the products. We also study the impact of 

forced clearance on the firm's expected profit and find that clearance deteriorates the firm's earnings more when the 

products it offers are highly differentiated. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.100 

Author (s) : Blacksell, S.D., Jenjaroen, K., Phetsouvanh, R., Tanganuchitcharnchai, A., Phouminh, P., Phongmany, S., Day, N.P.J., Newton, P.N. 

Title : Accuracy of rapid IgM-based immunochromatographic and immunoblot assays for diagnosis of acute scrub typhus and murine 

typhus infections in Laos 

Source : American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 83, Issue 2, August 2010, Pages 365-369 


Keywords : immunoglobulin M; adult, antibody titer, article, blood analysis, controlled study, diagnostic accuracy, female, fever, hospital 

admission, human, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, Laos, major clinical study, male, Rickettsia typhi, sensitivity and 

specificity, typhus; Acute 

Disease, Adolescent, Adult, Child, Chromatography, Humans, Immunoassay, Immunoblotting, Immunoglobulin M, Orientia 

tsutsugamushi, Rickettsia typhi, Scrub Typhus, Sensitivity and Specificity, Typhus, Endemic Flea-Borne, Young Adult; 

Murinae, Orientia tsutsugamushi, Rickettsia typhi 

Abstract : We studied the diagnostic accuracy of a rapid immunochromatographic test (ICT) for detection of IgM against scrub typhus (ST 

ICT) and an immunoblot test for the detection of IgM against murine typhus (MT IBT) by using admission serum samples from 

1,030 febrile patients in Laos. Sensitivity and specificity for the ST ICT determined by using the diagnostic criteria of a four-fold 

increase in IgM against Orientia tsutsugamushi between paired samples were 23.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 15.9- 

33.3%) and 86.2% (95% CI = 84.1-88.6%), respectively. Sensitivity and specificity for the ST ICT determined by using an 

admission IgM titer ≥ 1:400 were 39.1% (95% CI = 34.1-44.2%) and 99.5% (95% CI = 98,7-99.9%), respectively. Sensitivity and 

specificity for the MT IBT determined by using the criteria of a four-fold increase in IgM against Rickettsia typhi between paired 

serum samples were 61.2% (95% CI = 53.7-68.3%) and 86.5% (95% CI = 84.1-88.8%), respectively. Sensitivity and specificity for 

the MT IBT determined by using an admission IgM titer ≥ 1:400 were 54.6% (95% CI = 49.1-60.0%) and 94.1 % (95% CI = 92.0- 

95.7%). respectively. Both assays had relatively good specificity but low sensitivity and thus have limited utility for admission 

diagnosis. Copyright © 2010 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 

No.101 

Author (s) : Blacksell, S.D., Jenjaroen, K., Phetsouvanh, R., Wuthiekanun, V., Day, N.P.J., Newton, P.N., Ching, W.-M. 

Title : Accuracy of accessbio immunoglobulin M and total antibody rapid immunochromatographic assays for the diagnosis of acute 

scrub typhus infection 

Source : Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, Volume 17, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 263-266 


Keywords : immunoglobulin M antibody; article, bacterium detection, controlled study, dengue, diagnostic 

procedure, fever, human, Laos, leptospirosis, malaria, melioidosis, nonhuman, Orientia tsutsugamushi, priority journal, rapid 

immunochromatographic test, scrub typhus, sensitivity and specificity; Antibodies, 

Bacterial, Humans, Immunoassay, Immunoglobulin M, Laos, Orientia tsutsugamushi, Scrub Typhus, Sensitivity and Specificity 

Abstract : Using archived samples, we assessed the diagnostic capacity of a rapid immunochromatographic test (ICT) for the detection of 

Orientia tsutsugamushi IgM and total antibodies to aid with the diagnosis of acute scrub typhus infection in febrile patients in 

Laos. The sensitivity and the specificity of the ICT for the detection of IgM were 96.8% (121/125 samples; 95% confidence 

interval [CI], 92.1 to 99.1%) and 93.3% (98/105 samples; 95% CI, 86.7 to 97.3%), respectively. For the detection of total 

antibodies, the sensitivity was 97.6% (122/125 samples; 95% CI, 93.1 to 99.5%), but the specificity was much lower, at 71.4% 

(75/105 samples; 95% CI, 61.8 to 79.8%). Copyright © 2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 

No.102 

Author (s) : Blessborn, D., Romsing, S., Bergqvist, Y., Lindegardh, N. 

39


Title : Assay for screening for six antimalarial drugs and one metabolite using dried blood spot sampling, sequential extraction and 

ion-trap detection 

Source : Bioanalysis, Volume 2, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 1839-1847 


Keywords : benflumetol, chloroquine, deethylchloroquine, mefloquine, pyrimethamine, quinine, sulfadoxine, antimalarial agent; 

article, blood sampling, controlled study, dried blood spot sampling, drug determination, drug screening, drug structure, drug 

use, ion trap mass spectrometry, limit of detection, liquid chromatography, physical chemistry, reliability, solid phase 

extraction, validation process, blood analysis, desiccation, fractionation, human, isolation and purification, mass 

spectrometry, metabolism, methodology, time; Antimalarials, Blood Chemical Analysis, Blood Specimen Collection, Chemical 

Fractionation, Chromatography, Liquid, Desiccation, Humans, Mass Spectrometry, Time Factors 

Abstract : Background: More parasites are becoming resistant to antimalarial drugs, and in many areas a change in first-line drug 

treatment is necessary. The aim of the developed assay is to help determine drug use in these areas and also to be a 

complement to interviewing patients, which will increase reliability of surveys. Results: This assay detects quinine, 

mefloquine, sulfadoxine, pyrimethamine, lumefantrine, chloroquine and its metabolite desethylchloroquine in a 100-μl dried 

blood spot. Most of the drugs also have long half-lives that make them detectable at least 7 days after administration. The 

drugs are extracted from the dried blood spot with sequential extraction (due to the big differences in physicochemical 

properties), solid-phase extraction is used as sample clean-up and separation is performed with gradient-LC with MS ion-trap 

detection. Conclusion: Detection limits (S/N > 5:1) at 50 ng/ml or better were achieved for all drugs except lumefantrine (200 

ng/ml), and thus can be used to determine patient compliance. A major advantage of using the ion-trap MS it that it will be 

possible to go back into the data and look for other drugs as needed. © 2010 Future Science Ltd. 

No.103 

Author (s) : Boel, M., Carrara, V.I., Rijken, M., Proux, S., Nacher, M., Pimanpanarak, M., Paw, M.K., Moo, O., Gay, H., Bailey, W., Singhasivanon, 

P., White, N.J., Nosten, F., Mcgready, R. 

Title : Complex interactions between soil-transmitted helminths and malaria in pregnant women on the thai-burmese border 

Source : PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Volume 4, Issue 11, November 2010, Article number e887 


Keywords : adolescent, adult, anemia, article, ascariasis, Ascaris lumbricoides, blood smear, controlled study, disease association, disease 

severity, feces analysis, female, health survey, helminthiasis, hematocrit, hookworm infection, human, infection risk, intestine 

infection, low birth weight, major clinical study, malaria, Myanmar, Plasmodium vivax malaria, pregnancy, pregnancy 

outcome, pregnant woman, prenatal care, soil microflora, Thailand, Trichuris, animal, cross-sectional 

study, feces, health, helminth, isolation and purification, parasitology, Plasmodium, pregnancy complication, prevalence, risk 

factor, soil; Adolescent, Adult, Anemia, Animals, Cross-Sectional 

Studies, Feces, Female, Helminthiasis, Helminths, Humans, Malaria, Myanmar, Plasmodium, Pregnancy, Pregnancy 

Complications, Parasitic, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Rural Health, Soil, Thailand, Young Adult 

Abstract : Background: Deworming is recommended by the WHO in girls and pregnant and lactating women to reduce anaemia in areas 

where hookworm and anaemia are common. There is conflicting evidence on the harm and the benefits of intestinal 

geohelminth infections on the incidence and severity of malaria, and consequently on the risks and benefits of deworming in 

malaria affected populations. We examined the association between geohelminths and malaria in pregnancy on the Thai- 

Burmese border. Methodology: Routine antenatal care (ANC) included active detection of malaria (weekly blood smear) and 

anaemia (second weekly haematocrit) and systematic reporting of birth outcomes. In 1996 stool samples were collected in 

cross sectional surveys from women attending the ANCs. This was repeated in 2007 when malaria incidence had reduced 

considerably. The relationship between geohelminth infection and the progress and outcome of pregnancy was assessed. 

Principal Findings: Stool sample examination (339 in 1996, 490 in 2007) detected a high prevalence of geohelminths 

70%(578/829), including hookworm (42.8% (355)), A. lumbricoides (34.4% (285)) and T.trichuria (31.4% (250)) alone or in 

combination. A lower proportion of women (829) had mild (21.8% (181)) or severe (0.2% (2)) anaemia, or malaria 22.4% (186) 

(P.vivax monoinfection 53.3% (101/186)). A. lumbricoides infection was associated with a significantly decreased risk of malaria 

(any species) (AOR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.23-0.84) and P.vivax malaria (AOR: 0.29, 95% CI: 0.11-0.79) whereas hookworm infection was 

associated with an increased risk of malaria (any species) (AOR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.06-2.60) and anaemia (AOR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.18- 

4.93). Hookworm was also associated with low birth weight (AOR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.02-3.23). Conclusion/Significance: A. 

lumbricoides and hookworm appear to have contrary associations with malaria in pregnancy. © 2010 Boel et al. 

40


No.104 

Author (s) : Boonaiam, S., Chaiprasert, A., Prammananan, T., Leechawengwongs, M. 

Title : Genotypic analysis of genes associated with isoniazid and ethionamide resistance in MDR-TB isolates from Thailand. 

Source : Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious 

Diseases, Volume 16, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 396-399 


Keywords : bacterial protein, catalase, ethionamide, isoniazid, katG protein, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, tuberculostatic agent; 

article, genetics, genotype, isolation and purification, microbiology, multidrug resistance, multidrug resistant 

tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, sequence analysis, Thailand; Antitubercular Agents, Bacterial 

Proteins, Catalase, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Ethionamide, Genotype, Isoniazid, Mycobacterium 

tuberculosis, Sequence Analysis, Thailand, Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant 

Abstract : Nucleotide sequences of genes conferring isoniazid resistance (katG, inhA, oxyR-ahpC and ndh) and ethionamide resistance 

(ethA) in 160 drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from Thailand were analysed. Mutations in the katG 

gene were found in 129 isolates, predominantly at codon 315, which was mutated in 127 isolates. Twenty-two isolates had 

mutations in the inhA promoter and coding region. Mutations in the oxyR-ahpC intergenic region and in ndh were detected in 

four and one isolate(s), respectively. Of 24 ethionamide-resistant isolates, 13 had mutations in the ethA gene. However, these 

mutations were dispersed along the entire gene, with no codon predominating significantly. 

No.105 

Author (s) : Boonbaichaiyapruck, S., Pienvichit, P., Limpijarnkij, T., Rerkpattanapipat, P., Pongpatananurak, A., Lee, R., Ungkanont, A., Hong- 

Eng, S. 

Title : Transcoronary infusion of bone marrow derived multipotent stem cells to preserve left ventricular geometry and function 

after myocardial infarction 

Source : Clinical Cardiology, Volume 33, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages E10-E15 


Keywords : gadolinium; adult, article, balloon, clinical article, controlled study, coronary artery, female, geometry, heart 

hemodynamics, heart infarction, heart left ventricle ejection fraction, heart left ventricle function, heart 

preservation, hematopoietic stem cell, human, intracoronary infusion, male, multipotent stem cell, nuclear magnetic 

resonance imaging, ST segment elevation, survival rate, systolic blood pressure; Aged, Bone Marrow Transplantation, Contrast 

Media, Feasibility Studies, Female, Gadolinium DTPA, Heart Ventricles, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 

Cine, Male, Middle Aged, Multipotent Stem Cells, Myocardial Infarction, Pilot Projects, Stroke Volume, Thailand, Time 

Factors, Treatment Outcome, Ventricular Function, Left, Ventricular Remodeling 

Abstract : Objectives: Myocardial damage aftermyocardial infarction(MI)was deemed irreversible after late reperfusion. 

Administrationofmultipotent stem cells (MSC) into such infarctmay regenerate themyocardiumand capillary network. The 

objectives were to study the feasibility and safety of MSC infusion and its effect on infarct size and left ventricular (LV) 

function. Methods: We conducted a pilot study in patients who survived ST-elevation MI with late reperfusion therapy and 

remained hemodynamically stable. Bone marrow derived MSC was infused into a patent infarct-related coronaryartery during 

brief lowpressure (2 atm) balloon inflation. A 3-T gadolinium-based MRI was performed at baseline and 8 weeks later to 

evaluate infarct area and LV function. Results: We enrolled 10 patients, age 63.8±2.8 years 5.2±4.12 × 106 MSC were infused 

via coronary artery 24.8±16 days after infarction. The procedures were successful in all patients without any in-hospital event. 

Infarct size by MRI decreased by 5.84% (P = .018) over 8 weeks. Mean baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 

44.1% ± 9% and was 46.3%±9% at 8 weeks (P = .34). A trend of smaller LV end-systolic volumewith 65.02±18.2 ml 

vs63.04±21.89 ml (P = .09)with no change of LV end-diastolic volume observed. Conclusion: MSC infusion into coronary 

circulation was feasible and safe after myocardial infarction. Infarct size was reduced with preservation of LV geometry. © 

2010Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 

No.106 

Author (s) : Boonchai, W., Iamtharachai, P. 

Title : The pH of commonly available soaps, liquid cleansers, detergents and alcohol gels 

Source : Dermatitis, Volume 21, Issue 3, June 2010, Pages 154-156 


41


Keywords : alcohol, alcohol gel, detergent, disinfectant agent, liquid cleanser, soap, tap water, unclassified drug; 

acidity, alkalinity, article, cleaning, clinical assessment, clinical evaluation, clinical protocol, concentration 

(parameters), controlled study, dilution, disinfection, dissolution, gel, hand washing, human, laundry, market, pH, pH 

measurement, practice guideline, priority journal, skin, skin decontamination; Anti-Infective Agents, 

Local, Detergents, Ethanol, Gels, Hand, Handwashing, Humans, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Soaps 

Abstract : Background: The hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of a cleanser certainly has an impact on skin condition. Dermatologists 

always need to recommend a cleanser to patients with hand dermatitis or sensitive skin; particularly during the outbreak of 

swine (AH1N1 virus) influenza, frequent hand washing and alcohol gel cleansing were greatly recommended. Objectives: The 

purpose of this study was to evaluate the pH of various commonly available cleansers and alcohol gels on the market to 

assess patient comfort in using such products and to make good recommendations to our patients. Methods: Multiple brands 

of liquid cleansers, dishwashing liquids, soaps, laundry detergents, and alcohol gels commonly available on the market were 

assessed for pH by using a pH meter and pH-indicator strips. The pH assessment imitated real-life conditions by diluting each 

cleanser with tap water and then comparing the changed pH. Results: The pH levels of liquid cleansers, dishwashing liquids, a 

beauty bar, and alcohol gels were acidic to neutral and compatible with normal skin pH. Most bar soaps, baby soaps, and 

powdered laundry detergents had a pH in the alkali range. The pH of concentrated cleansers was slightly different from that 

of their dissolved forms. Conclusion: Regarding the antiseptic property and pH of the cleansers, alcohol gels with moisturizers 

appeared to be the best hand cleansers to recommend to our patients. © 2010 American Contact Dermatitis Society. All 

Rights Reserved. 

No.107 

Author (s) : Boonchird, C., Mahapanichkul, T., Cherdshewasart, W. 

Title : Differential binding with ERα and ERβ of the phytoestrogen-rich plant Pueraria mirifica 

Source : Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, Volume 43, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 195-200 


Keywords : Estrogen receptor α (ERα); Estrogen receptor β (ERβ); Isoflavonoid; Phytoestrogen; Pueraria mirifica; YES assay 

Abstract : Variations in the estrogenic activity of the phytoestrogen-rich plant, Pueraria mirifica, were determined with yeast estrogen 

screen (YES) consisting of human estrogen receptors (hER) hERα and hERβ and human transcriptional intermediary factor 2 

(hTIF2) or human steroid receptor coactivator 1 (hSRC1), respectively, together with the β-galactosidase expression cassette. 

Relative estrogenic potency was expressed by determining the β-galactosidase activity (EC50) of the tuber extracts in relation 

to 17β-estradiol. Twenty-four and 22 of the plant tuber ethanolic extracts interacted with hERα and hERβ, respectively, with 

a higher relative estrogenic potency with hERβ than with hERα. Antiestrogenic activity of the plant extracts was also 

determined by incubation of plant extracts with 17β-estradiol prior to YES assay. The plant extracts tested exhibited 

antiestrogenic activity. Both the estrogenic and the antiestrogenic activity of the tuber extracts were metabolically activated 

with the rat liver S9-fraction prior to the assay indicating the positive influence of liver enzymes. Correlation analysis between 

estrogenic potency and the five major isoflavonoid contents within the previously HPLC-analyzed tuberous samples namely 

puerarin, daidzin, genistin, daidzein, and genistein revealed a negative result. 

No.108 

Author (s) : Boondireke, S., Mungthin, M., Tan-ariya, P., Boonyongsunchai, P., Naaglor, T., Wattanathum, A., Treewatchareekorn, S., 

Leelayoova, S. 

Title : Evaluation of sensitivity of multiplex PCR for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Pneumocystis jirovecii in clinical 

samples 

Source : Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Volume 48, Issue 9, September 2010, Pages 3165-3168 


Keywords : large subunit ribosomal RNA; 3' untranslated region, 5' untranslated region, article, bacterium culture, bacterium 

detection, clinical evaluation, clinical trial, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, DNA extraction, human, lung 

lavage, major clinical study, microbial sensitivity test, mixed infection, multiplex polymerase chain reaction, Mycobacterium 

tuberculosis, nonhuman, Pneumocystis jiroveci, priority journal, sensitivity and specificity, single blind procedure; Clinical 

Laboratory Techniques, DNA Transposable Elements, DNA, Bacterial, DNA, Fungal, DNA, Mitochondrial, DNA, 

Ribosomal, Humans, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pneumocystis Infections, Pneumocystis 

jirovecii, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sensitivity and Specificity, Tuberculosis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pneumocystis 

jirovecii 

42


Abstract : A multiplex PCR assay for the simultaneous detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Pneumocystis jirovecii was 

developed using IS6110-based detection for M. tuberculosis and mitochondrial large-subunit (mtLSU) rRNA gene detection for 

P. jirovecii. Ninety-five pulmonary blinded samples were examined using the developed multiplex PCR assay, and the results 

were compared with those obtained by the single nested PCRs targeting IS6110 for M. tuberculosis and mtLSU rRNA for P. 

jirovecii. Of the 95 pulmonary samples tested, the multiplex nested PCR developed here could detect 36 cases of M. 

tuberculosis infection, 35 cases of P. jirovecii infection, and 17 cases of M. tuberculosis and P. jirovecii coinfections. The 

sensitivities of the multiplex nested PCR in detecting M. tuberculosis and P. jirovecii were 92.1% and 81.4%, respectively, 

whereas the specificities in detecting M. tuberculosis and P. jirovecii were 98.2% and 100%, respectively. Copyright © 2010, 

American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 

No.109 

Author (s) : Boonkorkuea, N., Lenbury, Y., Alvarado, F.J., Wollkind, D.J. 

Title : Nonlinear stability analyses of vegetative pattern formation in an arid environment 

Source : Journal of Biological Dynamics, Volume 4, Issue 4, July 2010, Pages 346-380 


Keywords : Pattern formation; Vegetation distribution; Weakly nonlinear analysis 

Abstract : The development of spontaneous stationary vegetative patterns in an arid isotropic homogeneous environment is 

investigated by means of various weakly nonlinear stability analyses applied to the appropriate governing equation for this 

phenomenon. In particular, that process can be represented by a fourth-order partial differential time-evolution logistic 

equation for the total plant biomass per unit area divided by the carrying capacity of its territory and defined on an 

unbounded flat spatial domain. Those patterns that consist of parallel stripes, labyrinth-like mazes, rhombic arrays of 

rectangular patches, and hexagonal distributions of spots or gaps are generated by the balance between the effects of shortrange 

facilitation and long-range competition. Then those theoretical predictions are compared with both relevant 

observational evidence and existing numerical simulations as well as placed in the context of the results from some recent 

nonlinear pattern formation studies. © 2010 Taylor & Francis. 

No.110 

Author (s) : Boonkusol, D., Dinnyes, A., Faisaikarm, T., Sangsuwan, P., Pratipnatalang, N., Sa-Ardrit, M., Saikhun, K., Svasti, S., Vadolas, J., 

Winichagoon, P., Fucharoen, S., Kitiyanant, Y. 

Title : Effect of human β-globin bacterial artificial chromosome transgenesis on embryo cryopreservation in mouse models 

Source : Reproduction, Fertility and Development, Volume 22, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 788-795 


Keywords : Embryo banking; Thalassaemia transgenic 

Abstract : The purpose of the present study was to investigate the efficiency of embryo cryopreservation for four transgenic (TG) 

thalassaemic mouse strains, which is a key element of the ongoing gene banking efforts for these highvalue animals. 

Heterozygous TG embryos were produced by breeding four lines of TG males to wild-type (WT) females (C57BL/6J). Intact 

two-cell embryos were cryopreserved by vitrification in straws using 35% ethylene glycol. Survival rates of cryopreserved 

embryos ranged between 91.1% (102/112) and 93.6% (176/188) without significant differences between the lines. In contrast, 

the paternal line had a significant effect on the development of these embryos to the blastocyst stage, which ranged from 

50.6% (92/182) to 77.5% (79/102). This effect was also noted following embryo transfers, with implantation rates varying from 

17.3% (19/110) to 78.1% (35/45). The results demonstrate that the in vivo developmental potential is significantly influenced 

byTG line and reveal a specific line effect on cryosurvival. All bacterial artificial chromosome transgenic fetuses developed 

from vitrified-warmed embryos showed expression of the human β-globin transgene. In conclusion, the present study shows 

a strongTG line effect on developmental competence following cryopreservation and the vitrification method was successful 

to bank the human β-globin TG-expressing mouse strains. © 2010 CSIRO. 

No.111 

Author (s) : Boonkusol, D., Saikhun, K., Ratanaphumma, P. 

Title : Effects of extender and storage time on motility and ultrastructure of cooled-preserved boar spermatozoa 

Source : Kasetsart Journal - Natural Science, Volume 44, Issue 4, July 2010, Pages 582-589 


Keywords : Boar spermatozoa; Extender; SEM; TEM; Ultrastructure 

43


Abstract : Artificial insemination (AI) using fresh diluted semen is used worldwide in the porcine industry. Viability of spermatozoa in 

diluted semen depends on several factors, such as the interaction with the type of extender and storage duration. The aim of 

this study was to evaluate the effects of extenders and storage time on the motility and ultrastructure of cooled-preserved 

boar spermatozoa. Semen samples were collected, diluted in BTS, Merck III or Androhep and stored at 15°C for 0, 1, 3, 5 and 

7 d. The samples were warmed (37°C) and spermatozoa were evaluated for motility using light microscopy and ultrastructure 

using scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy. The results showed that motility did not differ significantly 

(P>0.05) among extenders at days 0 to 3, while Androhep showed a significantly (P


No.114 

Author (s) : Boonsarngsuk, V., Raweelert, P., Sukprapruet, A., Chaiprasithikul, R., Kiatboonsri, S. 

Title : Factors affecting the diagnostic yield of flexible bronchoscopy without guidance in pulmonary nodules or masses 

Source : Singapore Medical Journal, Volume 51, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 660-665 


Keywords : Diagnostic yield; Flexible bronchoscopy; Guidance; Pulmonary nodule 

Abstract : Introduction: In day-to-day bronchoscopic practice, no guidance is available to pinpoint the precise location of pulmonary 

nodules or masses, especially in developing countries. This results in a large number of non-diagnostic testings. The present 

study aimed to determine the predictors of diagnostic yield in bronchoscopy without guidance and develop a model to 

predict the decision to perform this procedure. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 330 patients with 

pulmonary nodules or masses without any sign of atelectasis on chest radiographs, who underwent diagnostic bronchoscopy 

without guidance between June 2004 and May 2008. The patient characteristics, as well as radiological and bronchoscopic 

fndings were included in the analysis of factors affecting the diagnostic yield. Results: The overall diagnostic yield of 

bronchoscopy was 55.8 percent. The tumour size, endobronchial visibility and the characteristics of endobronchial 

abnormalities were predictors of higher diagnostic yield. The prediction model was developed from the data that can be 

recognised before bronchoscopy. Bronchoscopy provided the diagnosis in 66.4 percent of the patients who had a tumour size 

of 4 cm or larger. Conclusion: The diagnostic yield of bronchoscopy without guidance was infuenced by the size of the lesion, 

the endobronchial visibility and the characteristics of endobronchial abnormalities. Computed tomography (CT) of the chest 

should be performed to evaluate airway involvement. If the lesion is less than 4 cm in diameter and there is a negative CT 

illustration of airway involvement, flexible bronchoscopy with guidance should be considered. 

No.115 

Author (s) : Boonsnongcheep, P., Korsangruang, S., Soonthornchareonnon, N., Chintapakorn, Y., Saralamp, P., Prathanturarug, S. 

Title : Growth and isoflavonoid accumulation of Pueraria candollei var. candollei and P. candollei var. mirifica cell suspension 

cultures 

Source : Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, Volume 101, Issue 2, May 2010, Pages 119-126 


Keywords : Analytical method validation; Cell suspension culture; HPLC; Isoflavonoids; Pueraria candollei 

Abstract : We established cell suspension cultures derived from leaf, stem, and root calli of Pueraria candollei var. candollei and P. 

candollei var. mirifica using liquid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.56 μM 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 

4.52 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Growth of the cell suspension cultures progressed to the stationary phase 

within 15-24 days. Methanolic extracts of cell suspension cultures of both varieties of P. candollei were analyzed using a 

validated HPLC protocol. All cell lines derived from leaf, stem, and root explants produced four major isoflavonoids: daidzein, 

daidzin, genistein, and genistin; these isoflavonoids were detected only in the roots of intact plants. Furthermore, the 

isoflavonoid contents of the cell suspension cultures were higher than those of intact plants. Thus, cell suspension culture of 

both varieties of P. candollei may be an effective tool for isoflavonoid production. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media 

B.V. 

No.116 

Author (s) : Boontanom, P., Siripattanapipong, S., Mungthin, M., Tan-Ariya, P., Leelayoova, S. 

Title : Improved sensitivity of PCR amplification of glutamate dehydrogenase gene for detection and genotyping of Giardia 

duodenalis in stool specimen 

Source : Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, Volume 41, Issue 2, March 2010, Pages 280-284 


Keywords : Giardia duodenalis; Glutamate dehydrogenase gene; PCR; Sensitivity 

Abstract : A modified set of primers was developed to increase the sensitivity of nested PCR amplification of glutamate dehydrogenase 

(gdh) gene to detect and genotype Giardia duodenalis cysts in stool specimens. This modified set of primers had a 

significantly higher sensitivity (82%) than that of a previously published PCR primer set (53%). 

No.117 

Author (s) : Boontanon, N., Watanabe, S., Odate, T., Yoshida, N. 

45


Title : Methane production, consumption and its carbon isotope ratios in the Southern Ocean during the austral summer 

Source : Biogeosciences Discussions, Volume 7, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 7207-7225 


Keywords : air-sea interaction, carbon isotope, chlorophyll, isotopic ratio, methane, oxidation, plankton, supersaturation, vertical 

distribution; Southern Ocean 

Abstract : The distribution of dissolved CH4 in the Southern Ocean at 140° E was measured during the austral summer. Surface CH4 was 

supersaturated on average, and the calculated mean sea-air flux rate was 0.32 μmol m-2 d-1. The vertical distributions 

exhibited a CH4 maximum at approximately 125 m (∆CH4, 2.94 nM) below the chlorophyll-rich layer, suggesting a 

relationship between CH4 production and plankton dynamics in this area. CH4 oxidation and ocean movement characteristics 

in the deep layer led to the enrichment and fluctuation of δ13CCH4. We estimated the influence of Southern Ocean CH4, a 

source of isotopically heavy CH4 to the atmosphere, on the global CH4 budget to be approximately 0.19 Gg d-1. © 2010 

Author(s). 

No.118 

Author (s) : Boontanon, N., Watanabe, S., Odate, T., Yoshida, N. 

Title : Production and consumption mechanisms of N2O in the Southern Ocean revealed from its isotopomer ratios 

Source : Biogeosciences Discussions, Volume 7, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 7821-7848 


Keywords : cold water, deep water, denitrification, isotopic ratio, nitrous oxide, research work, vertical distribution, vertical movement; 

Antarctica, Southern Ocean 

Abstract : The distribution of dissolved N2O in the Southern Ocean at 140° E was measured during the austral summer (February-March 

2002) in the framework of the 43rd Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE-43). Surface-dissolved N2O was 

undersaturated (about 94% saturation), and the calculated mean sea-air flux rate was -3.68±2.57 μmol m -2 d-1. The vertical 

distributions tested exhibited N 2O maxima at around 150-300 m (∆N2O, 7.90-8.51 nM) below the chlorophyll-rich layer, 

which coincided with the layer of minimum oxygen. These observations strongly suggest that N2O production and 

consumption are related to apparent oxygen utilization (AOU). In the deeper layer, the presence of anoxic microsites within 

particles, together with the horizontal and vertical movement of cold water around Antarctica, is one of the parameters that 

govern the intramolecular distribution of the isotopic composition of N2O. The N2O isotopic compositions in the maximum 

layer were +7.3 to +8.2‰° for δ15Nbulk and +43.5 to +46.2‰° for δ18O associated with the coupling of nitrification and 

denitrification production mechanisms. Site preference decreased from an average 17‰° at the surface to the ∆N2O 

maximum and slightly increased with depth up to 24‰° at the deeper region. The influence of deep Southern Ocean N2O on 

the global N2O budget is estimated to be about 46.2±5.3 Mg N2O-N d -1, which represents the amount that can escape to 

the atmosphere and thus contribute to emissions into the world's oceans. 

No.119 

Author (s) : Boontem, P.; Govitrapong, P. 

Title : EFFECTS OF AMPHETAMINE ON DOPAMINERGIC NEUROTRANSMISSION IN NEONATAL RAT STRIATUM 

Source : JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY, Volume: 115, Supplement: 1, Pages: 84-84, Published: OCT 2010 




No.120 

Author (s) : Boonyapisit, W., Tresukosol, D. 

Title : Comparison of the incidence of imidapril and enalapril induced cough. 

Source : Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet, Volume 93 Suppl 1, January 2010, Pages S48-53 


Keywords : dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase inhibitor, enalapril, imidapril, imidazolidine derivative; aged, article, chemically induced 

disorder, comparative study, coughing, crossover procedure, female, heart left ventricle 

function, human, hypertension, incidence, male, middle aged, oral drug administration, treatment outcome; Administration, 

Oral, Aged, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Cough, Cross-Over 

46


Studies, Enalapril, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Imidazolidines, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Treatment 

Outcome, Ventricular Dysfunction, Left 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: Imidapril is an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor without a sulfhydril group which has been shown 

from previous study to have low incidence of ACE inhibitor induced cough. OBJECTIVE: To compare the incidence of cough 

between two ACE inhibitors, imidapril and enalapril. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A comparative cross over study was performed 

in 119 patients with hypertension or left ventricular dysfunction. Patients were assigned to one of the two treatment groups, 

either a group receiving imidapril or enalapril for 4 weeks (Period I) and then these same groups were crossed over to receive 

either enalapril or imidapril for 4 weeks (Period II). The occurrence of cough during treatment was monitored by interviewing 

the patients. RESULTS: The incidence of cough was 44 % while on imidapril treatment and 66% while on enalapril treatment 

(p = 0.0014). The antihypertensive effects of two drugs were not different. CONCLUSION: The incidence of cough was 

significantly less under imidapril than under enalapril treatment, while there was no difference in the antihypertensive effects 

between the two ACE inhibitors. 

No.121 

Author (s) : Boonyasiranant, T., Flamm, S.D. 

Title : Delayed-enhancement cardiac MRI in the evaluation of cardiomyopathies 

Source : Imaging in Medicine, 2 (3), pp. 289-302. 


Keywords : cardiomyopathy; infiltrative disorders; ischemic heart disease; MRI; noninvasive imaging 

Abstract : Cardiomyopathies are a diverse group of disorders with etiologies ranging from ischemic to infiltrative. Clinical differentiation 

may be complex, but diagnosis is essential as complications include congestive heart failure and sudden death. Recent 

developments in cardiac MRI, particularly the implementation of delayed-enhancement imaging has introduced a novel 

approach to noninvasive tissue characterization that can more accurately differentiate the spectrum of cardiomyopathies. This 

article summarizes the comprehensive diagnostic abilities of cardiac MRI in defining cardiac anatomy and physiology and, 

more importantly, identifying pathologic tissues and differentiating those with substrates amenable to therapy. The value of 

delayed-enhancement imaging in prognostics will also be presented. © 2010 Future Medicine Ltd. 

No.122 

Author (s) : Boonyopakorn, N., Sripongpun, N., Thanachayanont, C., Dangtip, S. 

Title : Effects of substrate temperature and vacuum annealing on properties of ito films prepared by radio-frquency magnetron 

sputtering 

Source : Chinese Physics Letters, Volume 27, Issue 10, October 2010, Article number 108103 


Abstract : Indium tin oxide (ITO) films were prepared by rf magnetron sputtering under two conditions: (i) at substrate temperature Ta 

from room temperature (RT) to 350°C, (ii) with additional post-annealing in vacuum at 400°C for 30 min in comparison of their 

crystalline structures, and electrical-optical properties of the films deposited. From the experimental results, it is found that, 

under the first condition, the crystalline structures and the electrical-optical properties of the films are improved with the 

increasing Ta. Under the other condition, i.e. with the additional post-annealing, the films exhibit higher degree of 

crystallinities and better electrical-optical properties. Under the two deposition conditions, inter-relation between electricaloptical 

properties and the crystalline structure is observed clearly. However, even under the same annealing condition, it is 

observed that improved properties of the films are different, depending on their deposition temperatures, which implies that 

an initial stage of the ITO film before annealing is an important factor for the film's properties improved after annealing. The 

resistivity of 2.33 × 10-4ωcm can be achieved at Ta of 350°C after annealing. © 2010 Chinese Physical Society and IOP 

Publishing Ltd. 

No.123 

Author (s) : Boonyos, P., Soonsanga, S., Boonserm, P., Promdonkoy, B. 

Title : Role of cysteine at positions 67, 161 and 241 of a Bacillus sphaericus binary toxin BinB 

Source : BMB Reports, Volume 43, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 23-28 


Keywords : Bacillus sphaericus; Binary toxin; Disulfide bond; Mosquito-larvicidal toxin; Mutagenesis 

47


Abstract : Binary toxin consisting of BinA and BinB from Bacillus sphaericus is toxic to mosquito larvae. BinB is responsible for specific 

binding to the larval gut cell membrane while BinA is crucial for toxicity. To investigate functional role of cysteine in BinB, 

three cysteine residues at positions 67, 161, and 241 were replaced by alanine or serine. Mutations at these positions did not 

affect protein production and overall structure of BinB. These cysteine residues are not involved in disulfide bond formation 

between BinB molecules. Mosquito-larvicidal assays revealed that C67 and C161 are essential for toxicity, whereas C241 is 

not. Mutations at C67 and C161 resulted in weaker BinA-BinB interaction. The loss of toxicity may be due to the reduction of 

interactions between BinA and BinB or BinB and its receptor. C67 and C161 could also play a part during conformational 

changes or internalization of the binary toxin into the target cell. 

No.124 

Author (s) : Bouyer, J., Ravel, S., Guerrini, L., Dujardin, J.-P., Sidibé, I., Vreysen, M.J.B., Solano, P., De Meeûs, T. 

Title : Population structure of Glossina palpalis gambiensis (Diptera: Glossinidae) between river basins in Burkina Faso: Consequences 

for area-wide integrated pest management 

Source : Infection, Genetics and Evolution, Volume 10, Issue 2, March 2010, Pages 321-328 


Keywords : Area-wide integrated pest management; Gene flow; River basins; Trypanosomosis; Tsetse 

Abstract : African animal trypanosomosis is a major obstacle to the development of more efficient and sustainable livestock production 

systems in West Africa. Riverine tsetse species such as Glossina palpalis gambiensis Vanderplank are their major vectors. A 

wide variety of control tactics is available to manage these vectors, but their elimination will only be sustainable if control is 

exercised following area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) principles, i.e. the control effort is targeting an entire 

tsetse population within a circumscribed area. In the present study, genetic variation at microsatellite DNA loci was used to 

examine the population structure of G. p. gambiensis inhabiting two adjacent river basins, i.e. the Comoé and the Mouhoun 

River basins in Burkina Faso. A remote sensing analysis revealed that the woodland savannah habitats between the river 

basins have remained unchanged during the last two decades. In addition, genetic variation was studied in two populations 

that were separated by a man-made lake originating from a dam built in 1991 on the Comoé. Low genetic differentiation was 

observed between the samples from the Mouhoun and the Comoé River basins and no differentiation was found between 

the samples separated by the dam. The data presented indicate that the overall genetic differentiation of G. p. gambiensis 

populations inhabiting two adjacent river basins in Burkina Faso is low (FST = 0.016). The results of this study suggest that 

either G. p. gambiensis populations from the Mouhoun are not isolated from those of the Comoé, or that the isolation is too 

recent to be detected. If elimination of the G. p. gambiensis population from the Mouhoun River basin is the selected control 

strategy, re-invasion from adjacent river basins may need to be prevented by establishing a buffer zone between the 

Mouhoun and the other river basin(s). © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.125 

Author (s) : Bovonsombat, P., Ali, R., Khan, C., Leykajarakul, J., Pla-On, K., Aphimanchindakul, S., Pungcharoenpong, N., Timsuea, N., 

Arunrat, A., Punpongjareorn, N. 

Title : Facile p-toluenesulfonic acid-promoted para-selective monobromination and chlorination of phenol and analogues 

Source : Tetrahedron, Volume 66, Issue 34, 21 August 2010, Pages 6928-6935 


Keywords : n bromosuccinimide, n chlorosuccinimide, phenol, succinimide, sulfonic acid derivative, toluenesulfonic acid, unclassified 

drug; article, bromination, carbon nuclear magnetic resonance, catalysis, chlorination, gas chromatography, mass 

spectrometry, priority journal, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, room temperature 

Abstract : para-Regioselective bromination of phenol and analogues, promoted by p-toluenesulfonic acid, is achieved in high to 

excellent yields at room temperature with N-bromosuccinimide. Chlorination with N-chlorosuccinimide and catalysed by ptoluenesulfonic 

acid also gives para-chlorinated phenol analogues in good yields at room temperature. para-Bromination of 

phenol, promoted by p-toluenesulfonic acid, is achieved in excellent yields at room temperature with N-bromosuccinimide. 

p-Toluenesulfonic acid is also effective as a promoter of para-chlorination with N-chlorosuccinimide. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All 


No.126 

Author (s) : Bovornratanaraks, T., Kotmool, K., Yoodee, K., McMahon, M.I., Ruffolo, D. 

Title : High pressure structural studies of AgInTe2 

48


Source : Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Volume 215, 2010, Article number 012008 


Keywords : Ambient pressures, Chalcopyrite semiconductor, Chalcopyrite structures, Coexisting phasis, High pressure, Image 

plates, Orthorhombic structures, Pressure increase, Space Groups, Structural phase transformations, Structural studies, Zincblende; 

Holographic interferometry, Phase transitions, X ray diffraction; Copper compounds 

Abstract : The structural phase transformations in the chalcopyrite semiconductor AgInTe2 have been studied up to 10 GPa on both 

pressure increase and decrease. The experiments were conducted using angle-dispersive X-ray diffraction with synchrotron 

radiation and an image plate. The diffraction patterns of AgInTe2 at ambient pressure reveal two coexisting phases: the first 

has the chalcopyrite structure while the second has a zincblende-like structure. On pressure increase both phases 

transformed at 3-4 GPa to a cation-disordered orthorhombic structure with spacegroup Cmcm. On pressure decrease, the 

chalcopyrite phase started to reappear at 0.55 GPa, and the Cmcm phase disappeared completely at ambient pressure. © 

2010 IOP Publishing Ltd. 

No.127 

Author (s) : Bovornratanaraks, T., Saengsuwan, V., Yoodee, K., McMahon, M.I., Hejny, C., Ruffolo, D. 

Title : High pressure orthorhombic structure of CuInSe2 

Source : Journal of Physics Condensed Matter, Volume 22, Issue 35, 8 September 2010, Article number 355801 


Keywords : Ambient pressures, Cubic structure, CuInSe2, High pressure, High-pressure phase, High-pressure structures, Lattice 

parameters, Orthorhombic structures, Space Groups, Structural behaviour, Structural phase transition, Structural 

studies, Tetragonal structure, Type structures; Copper compounds, Sodium chloride, X ray powder diffraction; Phase 

transitions 

Abstract : The structural behaviour of CuInSe2 under high pressure has been studied up to 53 GPa using angle-dispersive x-ray powder 

diffraction techniques. The previously reported structural phase transition from its ambient pressure tetragonal structure to a 

high pressure phase with a NaCl-like cubic structure at 7.6 GPa has been confirmed. On further compression, another 

structural phase transition is observed at 39 GPa. A full structural study of this high pressure phase has been carried out and 

the high pressure structure has been identified as orthorhombie with space group Cmcm and lattice parameters a = 4.867(8) 

Å, b = 5.023(8) Å and c = 4.980(3) Å at 53.2(2) GPa. This phase transition behaviour is similar to those of analogous binary and 

trinary semiconductors, where the orthorhombie Cmcm structure can also be viewed as a distortion of the cubic NaCl-type 

structure. © 2010IOP Publishing Ltd. 

No.128 

Author (s) : Bowden, C.L., Mosolov, S., Hranov, L., Chen, E., Habil, H., Kongsakon, R., Manfredi, R., Lin, H.N. 

Title : Efficacy of valproate versus lithium in mania or mixed mania: a randomized, open 12-week trial 

Source : INTERNATIONAL CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY, Volume: 25, Issue: 2, Pages: 60-67, DOI: 10.1097/YIC.0b013e328333ac1b, 

Published: MAR 2010 


Keywords : acute mania; bipolar disorder; Eastern Europe; lithium; South East Asia; valproate 

Abstract : The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of valproate and lithium in bipolar I patients experiencing 

a manic or a mixed episode. This international, randomized, open-label, parallel-group, equivalence study included 268 

patients with bipolar I disorder. The starting dose of valproate was 20 mg/kg/day and that of lithium was 800 mg/day. 

Treatment duration was 12 weeks. The primary outcome measure was mean change in Young Mania Rating Scale score 

between baseline and study end. Secondary outcome measures were response and remission rates, change in Montgomery 

and Asberg Depression Rating Scale and Clinical Global Impression Bipolar Disorder instrument score, and occurrence of 

adverse events. The mean change from baseline in Young Mania Rating Scale score was 15.8 +/- 5.3 in the lithium group and 

17.3 +/- 9.4 in the valproate group. The 90% confidence interval of the intergroup difference (-0.69; 3.31) was within 

prespecified equivalence limits. Response rates were 72.6% in the lithium group and 79.5% in the valproate group. Remission 

rates were 58.5 and 71.9%, respectively. No intergroup differences were observed in median time to treatment response (21 

days) or change in Clinical Global Impression Bipolar Disorder instrument or Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale 

scores. Adverse events were reported in 42.8% of patients in the lithium group and 41.5% in the valproate group. Valproate 

and lithium showed comparable efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of acute mania over 12 weeks. Int Clin 

Psychopharmacol 25: 60-67 (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 

49


No.129 

Author (s) : Bowers, J.R., Engelthaler, D.M., Ginther, J.L., Pearson, T., Peacock, S.J., Tuanyok, A., Wagner, D.M., Currie, B.J., Keim, P.S. 

Title : BurkDiff: A real-time PCR allelic discrimination assay for burkholderia Pseudomallei and B. mallei 

Source : PLoS ONE, Volume 5, Issue 11, 2010, Article number e15413 


Keywords : allele, article, bacterium detection, bacterium isolate, BurkDiff, Burkholderia mallei, Burkholderia pseudomallei, controlled 

study, genetic screening, molecular probe, nonhuman, real time polymerase chain reaction, sensitivity and specificity, single 

nucleotide polymorphism, animal, bacterial genome, bacterium identification, classification, differential 

diagnosis, genetics, glanders, human, isolation and purification, melioidosis, methodology, microbiology, polymerase chain 

reaction, reproducibility; Burkholderia pseudomallei; bacterial DNA, bacterial protein; Alleles, Animals, Bacterial 

Proteins, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Burkholderia mallei, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Diagnosis, Differential, DNA, 

Bacterial, Genome, Bacterial, Glanders, Humans, Melioidosis, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Polymorphism, Single 

Nucleotide, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity 

Abstract : A real-time PCR assay, BurkDiff, was designed to target a unique conserved region in the B. pseudomallei and B. mallei 

genomes containing a SNP that differentiates the two species. Sensitivity and specificity were assessed by screening BurkDiff 

across 469 isolates of B. pseudomallei, 49 isolates of B. mallei, and 390 isolates of clinically relevant non-target species. 

Concordance of results with traditional speciation methods and no cross-reactivity to non-target species show BurkDiff is a 

robust, highly validated assay for the detection and differentiation of B. pseudomallei and B. mallei. © 2010 Bowers et al. 

No.130 

Author (s) : Brouwer, A.E., Teparrukkul, P., Rajanuwong, A., Chierakul, W., Mahavanakul, W., Chantratita, W., White, N.J., Harrison, T.S. 

Title : Cerebrospinal fluid HIV-1 viral load during treatment of cryptococcal meningitis 

Source : Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, Volume 53, Issue 5, April 2010, Pages 668-669 

Document Type : Letter 

Keywords : CD4 antigen, gamma interferon, granulocyte colony stimulating factor, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating 

factor, interleukin 10, interleukin 12p70, interleukin 13, interleukin 17, interleukin 1beta, interleukin 2, interleukin 4, interleukin 

5, interleukin 6, interleukin 7, interleukin 8, macrophage inflammatory protein 1beta, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, tumor 

necrosis factor alpha, virus RNA; bacterial meningitis, CD4 lymphocyte count, cerebrospinal fluid, Cryptococcus 

neoformans, human, Human immunodeficiency virus 1, Human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection, letter, lymphocyte 

activation, nonhuman, opportunistic infection, priority journal, virus inhibition, virus load; Cryptococcus neoformans, HIV 

Infections, HIV-1, Humans, Meningitis, Cryptococcal, RNA, Viral 


No.131 

Author (s) : Buates, S., Bantuchai, S., Sattabongkot, J., Han, E.-T., Tsuboi, T., Udomsangpetch, R., Sirichaisinthop, J., Tan-ariya, P. 

Title : Development of a reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) for clinical detection of 

Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes 



Keywords : Gametocyte detection; P. falciparum gametocytes; Pfs16; Pfs25; Reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal 

amplification (RT-LAMP) 

Abstract : Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes are usually present in peripheral blood at a very low level, thus requiring a sensitive 

assay detection method. In this study, reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) was developed 

for clinical detection of P. falciparum gametocytes. Transcripts of Pfs16 of sexually committed ring and Pfs25 of mature 

gametocytes were detected by RT-LAMP in 82 clinical blood samples using nested RT-PCR as a gold standard. RT-LAMP 

demonstrated a detection limit of 1 parasitized red blood cell (RBC)/500μl of blood for both Pfs16 and Pfs25 transcripts. For 

Pfs16 transcript, RT-LAMP detected all 30 samples positive by nested RT-PCR (100% sensitivity) and 1 in 52 samples negative 

by nested RT-PCR (98.1% specificity). For Pfs25 transcript, RT-LAMP detected all 15 samples positive by nested RT-PCR (100% 

sensitivity) and none of 67 samples negative by nested RT-PCR (100% specificity). Negative predictive value (NPV) and positive 

predictive value (PPV) of RT-LAMP for detection of Pfs16 transcript were 100% and 96.8%, respectively, and 100% for both 

when employing Pfs25 transcript. Detection rate of Pfs16 and Pfs25 transcripts by RT-LAMP in microscopically gametocytenegative 

samples was 91.7% and 29.2%, respectively. Compared with nested RT-PCR, RT-LAMP had a higher sensitivity but 

50


similar specificity, with the advantage of a shorter assay time. As RT-LAMP requires very basic instruments and the results can 

be obtained by visual inspection, this technique provides a simple and reliable tool for epidemiological studies of malaria 

transmission and in gametocyte-targeted control programmes. © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. 

No.132 

Author (s) : Buates, S. 

Title : DETECTION OF FALCIPARUM GAMETOCYTES USING A REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-LOOP-MEDIATED ISOTHERMAL AMPLIFICATION 

(RT-LAMP) 






No.133 

Author (s) : Buathong, S., Mungthin, M., Tan-ariya, P., Naaglor, T., Taamasri, P., Suwannahitatorn, P., Leelayoova, S. 

Title : PBS incubation, a simple technique to release miracidia of Opisthorchis-like eggs for DNA extraction 

Source : Experimental Parasitology, Volume 124, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 357-359 


Keywords : DNA extraction; Miracidia; Opisthorchis; PBS incubation; PCR 

Abstract : This study describes a simple technique for releasing miracidia from Opisthorchis-like eggs before DNA extraction by keeping 

PBS washed specimens at 4°C for two days. Using PCR amplification, the sensitivity of the PBS incubation technique was as 

good as that obtained from freeze-thaw technique. Moreover, this low-cost technique is less laborious. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. 

No.134 

Author (s) : Buchanan, J., Mihaylova, B., Gray, A., White, N. 

Title : Cost-effectiveness of pre-referral antimalarial, antibacterial, and combined rectal formulations for severe febrile illness 



Keywords : antiinfective agent, antimalarial agent; Africa, article, Asia, bacterial infection, cost effectiveness analysis, disease 

severity, fever, health care cost, incidence, malaria, mortality, patient referral, child, cost benefit analysis, health care 

delivery, human, metabolism, microbiology, preschool child, rectal drug administration; Bacteria (microorganisms); 

Administration, Rectal, Africa, Anti-Infective Agents, Antimalarials, Bacterial Infections, Child, Child, Preschool, Cost-Benefit 

Analysis, Fever, Health Care Costs, Health Services Accessibility, Humans, Malaria 

Abstract : Background: Malaria and bacterial infections account for most infectious disease deaths in developing countries. Prompt 

treatment saves lives, but rapid deterioration often prevents the use of oral therapies; delays in reaching health facilities 

providing parenteral interventions are common. Rapidly and reliably absorbed antimalarial/antibacterial rectal formulations 

used in the community could prevent deaths and disabilities. Rectal antimalarial treatments are currently available; rectal 

antibacterial treatments are yet to be developed. Assessment of the likely cost-effectiveness of these interventions will 

inform research priorities and implementation. Methods and Findings: The burden of malaria and bacterial infections 

worldwide and in Sub-Saharan and Southern Africa (SSA) and South and South-East Asia (SEA) was summarised using 

published data. The additional healthcare costs (US$) per death and per Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALY) avoided following 

pre-referral treatment of severe febrile illness with rectal antimalarials, antibacterials or combined antimalarial/antibacterials 

in populations at malaria risk in SSA/SEA were assessed. 46 million severe malaria and bacterial infections and 5 million 

deaths occur worldwide each year, mostly in SSA/ SEA. At annual delivery costs of $0.02/capita and 100% coverage, rectal 

antimalarials ($2 per dose) would avert 240,000 deaths in SSA and 7,000 deaths in SEA at $5 and $177 per DALY avoided, 

respectively; rectal antibacterials ($2 per dose) would avert 130,000 deaths in SSA and 27,000 deaths in SEA at $19 and $97 

per DALY avoided, respectively. Combined rectal formulations ($2.50 per dose) would avert 370,000 deaths in SSA and 33,000 

deaths in SEA at $8 and $79 per DALY avoided, respectively, and are a cost-effective alternative to rectal antimalarials or 

antibacterials alone. Conclusions: Antimalarial, antibacterial and combined rectal formulations are likely to be cost-effective 

interventions for severe febrile illness in the community. Attention should focus on developing effective rectal antibacterials 

and ensuring that these lifesaving treatments are used in a cost-effective manner. © 2010 Buchanan et al. 

51


No.135 

Author (s) : Buchillet, D. 

Title : The conception of warm diseases in chinese medicine [La conception des maladies de tiédeur dans la médecine chinoise] 

Source : Revue d'Anthropologie des Connaissances, Volume 4, Issue 1, 30 June 2010, Pages 195-241 


Keywords : China; Chinese medicine; Epidemic outbreaks; Febrile diseases; Warm diseases 

Abstract : Since at least two thousand of years, Chinese medicine recognizes the role of abnormal climatic and environmental factors in 

the appearance of febrile diseases and in the emergence of epidemic outbreaks. Whereas they were mainly attributed in the 

past to the invasion of the body by pathogenic Wind and Cold, these diseases are since the foundation under the Qing 

Dynasty (1644- 1911) of the School of Warm Diseases also attributed to pathogenic factors of a warm or hot quality, and in 

the case of epidemic diseases, to "Pestilential Qi" and "Epidemic Warm Toxins" which exist in the environment. This article 

recounts the evolution of Chinese medical ideas and practices related to exogenous febrile diseases. It will show the 

evolution of the concept of Warm Diseases during the centuries as well as the importance and role of the epidemic 

outbreaks in the revision of medical discourses and practices related to these diseases. It comprehends two parts: The fi rst 

part reviews the fundamental principles of Chinese medicine; the second one recounts the evolution of Chinese medical 

ideas on the process of development and evolution of exogenous febrile diseases. 

No.136 

Author (s) : Buchillet, D., de Lamballerie, X. 

Title : The 1932 Macau epidemic of cerebrospinal meningitis: A historical perspective and critical review of the data 

Source : Infection, Genetics and Evolution, Volume 10, Issue 7, October 2010, Pages 896-902 


Keywords : Cerebrospinal meningitis; Epidemiology; History of meningitis epidemics; Macau; South China 

Abstract : Since the first clinical description by Vieusseux (1805) of the epidemic form of meningitis known today as cerebrospinal 

meningitis, numerous epidemic outbreaks of the disease were reported globally during the nineteenth and early twentieth 

century. Historical medical data confirmed that clinical disease may occur either sporadically or in an epidemic form. 

Moreover, it may afflict children, young military recruits and/or populations living under crowded conditions. In 1932, an 

epidemic of meningitis occurred in Macau. The disease was sufficiently unusual to justify the publication of a special report 

by the Portuguese physician in charge of the control services of the epidemic. Here we present a critical review of the Macau 

epidemic data. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

No.137 

Author (s) : Buie, T., Campbell, D.B., Fuchs III, G.J., Furuta, G.T., Levy, J., Van De Water, J., Whitaker, A.H., Atkins, D., Bauman, M.L., Beaudet, 

A.L., Carr, E.G., Gershon, M.D., Hyman, S.L., Jirapinyo, P., Jyonouchi, H., Kooros, K., Kushak, R., Levitt, P., Levy, S.E., Lewis, J.D., 

Murray, K.F., Natowicz, M.R., Sabra, A., Wershil, B.K., Weston, S.C., Zeltzer, L., Winter, H. 

Title : Evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of gastrointestinal disorders in individuals with ASDs: A consensus report 

Source : Pediatrics, Volume 125, Issue SUPPL. 1, January 2010, Pages S1-S18 


Keywords : Abdominal discomfort; Autism spectrum disorder; Chronic diarrhea; Constipation; Gastrointestinal; Gluten-free casein-free 

diet; Problem behavior 

Abstract : Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are common and clinically heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders. Gastrointestinal 

disorders and associated symptoms are commonly reported in individuals with ASDs, but key issues such as the prevalence 

and best treatment of these conditions are incompletely understood. A central difficulty in recognizing and characterizing 

gastrointestinal dysfunction with ASDs is the communication difficulties experienced by many affected individuals. A 

multidisciplinary panel reviewed the medical literature with the aim of generating evidence-based recommendations for 

diagnostic evaluation and management of gastrointestinal problems in this patient population. The panel concluded that 

evidence-based recommendations are not yet available. The consensus expert opinion of the panel was that individuals with 

ASDs deserve the same thoroughness and standard of care in the diagnostic workup and treatment of gastrointestinal 

concerns as should occur for patients without ASDs. Care providers should be aware that problem behavior in patients with 

ASDs may be the primary or sole symptom of the underlying medical condition, including some gastrointestinal disorders. For 

these patients, integration of behavioral and medical care may be most beneficial. Priorities for future research are identified 

52


to advance our understanding and management of gastrointestinal disorders in persons with ASDs. Copyright © 2009 by the 

American Academy of Pediatrics. 

No.138 

Author (s) : Bumrungpert, A., Kalpravidh, R.W., Chuang, C.-C., Overman, A., Martinez, K., Kennedy, A., McIntosh, M. 

Title : Xanthones from mangosteen inhibit inflammation in human macrophages and in human adipocytes exposed to macrophageconditioned 

media 

Source : Journal of Nutrition, Volume 140, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 842-847 


Keywords : alpha mangostin, complementary DNA, cytokine, deoxyglucose, gamma interferon inducible protein 10, gamma 

mangostin, immunoglobulin enhancer binding protein, insulin, interleukin 6, lipopolysaccharide, mitogen activated protein 

kinase, transcription factor AP 1, tritium, tumor necrosis factor alpha, unclassified drug, xanthone derivative; 

adipocyte, antiinflammatory activity, antioxidant activity, article, controlled study, cytokine production, dose 

response, fruit, gene expression, human, human cell, inflammation, insulin resistance, macrophage, mangosteen, obesity; 

Adipocytes, Cell Line, Culture Media, Conditioned, Female, Garcinia mangostana, Humans, Inflammation, Insulin 

Resistance, Lipopolysaccharides, Macrophages, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases, NF-kappa B, Peptides, Xanthones; 

Garcinia mangostana 

Abstract : Obesity-associated inflammation is characterized by recruitment of macrophages (MΦ) into white adipose tissue (WAT) and 

production of inflammatory cytokines, leading to the development of insulin resistance. The xanthones, α- and γ-mangostin 

(MG), are major bioactive compounds found in mangosteen that are reported to have antiinflammatory and antioxidant 

properties. Thus, we examined the efficacy of MG to prevent lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated inflammation in human MΦ 

(differentiated U937 cells) and cross-talk with primary cultures of newly differentiated human adipocytes. We found that α- 

and γ-MG attenuated LPS-induced expression of inflammatory genes, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and 

interferon γ-inducible protein-10 in a dose-dependent manner in MΦ. We also found that α- and γ-MG attenuated LPSactivated 

mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and activator protein (AP)-1, but only γ-MG reduced nuclear factor-κB 

(NF-κB). In addition, α- and γ-MG attenuated LPS suppression of PPARγ gene expression in a dose-dependent manner. 

Notably, the ability of MΦ-conditioned media to cause inflammation and insulin resistance in primary cultures of human 

adipocytes was attenuated by pretreating MΦ with γ-MG. Taken together, these data demonstrate that MG attenuates LPSmediated 

inflammation in MF and insulin resistance in adipocytes, possibly by preventing the activation of MAPK, NF-κB, and 

AP-1, which are central to inflammatory cytokine production in WAT. © 2010 American Society for Nutrition. 

No.139 

Author (s) : Bunchuailua, W., Zuckerman, I.H., Kulsomboon, V., Suwankesawong, W., Singhasivanon, P., Kaewkungwal, J. 

Title : Detection of adverse drug reaction signals in the Thai FDA Database: Comparison between reporting odds ratio and Bayesian 

confidence propagation neural network methods 

Source : Drug Information Journal, Volume 44, Issue 4, July 2010, Pages 393-403 


Keywords : Adverse drug reaction; BCPNN; ROR; Signal detection; Spontaneous reporting 

Abstract : The study aimed to compare performance between the reporting odds ratio (ROR) and the Bayesian confidence propagation 

neural network (BCPNN) methods in identifying serious adverse drug reactions (ADRs) using the Thai FDA spontaneous 

database. The two methods were retrospectively applied to identify new, serious ADRs reported with antiretroviral therapy 

(ART) drugs using the data set between 1990 and 2006. We plotted the ROR and the information component against time to 

compare the differential timing of signal detection and the pattern of signaling over time between these methods. The ROR 

and the BCPNN methods identified the associations between ART drugs and serious ADRs at the same time. Both methods 

were similar in detecting the first signal of a potential ADR. However, the pattern of signaling seems relatively different with 

each method. Additional analyses of different drugs, ADRs, and databases will contribute to increase understanding of 

methods for post-marketing surveillance using spontaneous reporting system. Copyright © 2010 Drug Information Association, 

Inc. All rights reserved. 

No.140 

Author (s) : Bunchuailua, W.; Zuckerman, I; Kulsomboon, V; Suwankesawong, W.; Singhasivanon, P.; Kaewkungwal, J. 

53


Title : A COMPARISON OF SIGNAL DETECTION PERFORMANCE BETWEEN REPORTING ODDS RATIO AND BAYESIAN CONFIDENCE 

PROPAGATION NEURAL NETWORK METHODS ON ADVERSE DRUG REACTION SPONTANEOUS REPORTING DATABASE OF THE THAI 

FDA 





No.141 

Author (s) : Bunsiripaiboon, P., Sornmayura, P., Wilasrusmee, C., Lertsithichai, P. 

Title : The prognostic significance of microvessel density in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma 

Source : Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, Volume 93, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 66-72 


Keywords : IHCC; Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; MVD; Survival; Tumor angiogenesis; Tumor microvessel density; Tumor 

neovascularization 

Abstract : Objective: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) is the second most common primary cancer of the liver. Tumor 

angiogenesis seem to play an important role in tumor growth and prognosis of cancer patients. The purpose of the present 

study was to determine the prognostic value of tumor microvessel density (MVD) in patients with IHCC. Material and Method: 

Clinicopathological prognostic factors, recurrence rate, and survival in 22 patients with IHCC who underwent liver resection for 

IHCC were reviewed. Tumor MVD was estimated using immunohistochemical methods. Overall probabilities of recurrence and 

survival were estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods. Prognostic significance of MVD and other factors was tested using Cox 

proportional hazards regression. Results: There was no significant association between any clinicopathologic factors (age, sex, 

tumor markers, and pathologic factors including MVD) and time-to-tumor recurrence. The only prognostic factor associated 

with survival was tumor stage. MVD was neither a significant survival predictor nor a predictor of tumor recurrence. 

Conclusion: The only factor associated with poor prognosis in patients with IHCC in the present study was higher tumor stage. 

MVD was not a significant prognostic factor in patients with IHCC. 

No.142 

Author (s) : Buntilov, V. 

Title : A wavelet-based quality measure for evaluating the degradation of pan-sharpened images due to local contrast inversion 

Source : Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, Volume 7529, 2010, Article number 75290P 


Keywords : Image fusion; Image quality evaluation; Pan-sharpening; Wavelet transform 

Abstract : Pan-sharpened images can effectively be used in various remote sensing applications. During recent years a vast number of 

pan-sharpening algorithms has been proposed. Thus, the evaluation of their performance became a vital issue. The quality 

assessment of pan-sharpened images is complicated by the absence of reference data, the ideal image what the 

multispectral scanner would observe if it had as high spatial resolution as the panchromatic instrument. This paper presents a 

novel method to evaluate the degree of local quality degradation in pan-sharpened images, which is the result of contrast 

inversion of the fusing bands. The proposed method does not require a reference image. Firstly, the algorithm identifies the 

areas in which the contrast inversion may be confidently detected. Then, based on the found spatial consistency violations, 

the quantitative degradation index is calculated for the fused product. The proposed approach was validated with the use of 

very high resolution optical imagery. The experiments have shown that the proposed measure objectively reflects local 

quality deterioration of pan-sharpened images. 2010 SPIE-IS&T. 

No.143 

Author (s) : Bunwong, K. 

Title : A new approach to pair approximation method for spatial model in ecology 

Source : WSEAS Transactions on Mathematics, Volume 9, Issue 10, October 2010, Pages 768-777 


Keywords : Ecology; Epidemiology; Lattice model; Multinomial distribution; Pair approximation; Poisson distribution; Spatial 

interaction 

54


Abstract : A mathematical model using either mean-field approximation or pair approximation has both advantage and limitation. Meanfield 

approximation is suitable for describing behaviors of a large system; however, it neglects the scale of individual 

interaction. On the other hand, pair approximation is suitable for studying local interaction especially singles and pairs; 

however, the mathematical formulas are still limited. Thus, choosing the right model for the right purpose is recommended. 

The objective of this paper is to develop the techniques of pair approximation by using probability averaged value based on 

probability distribution; for example, multinomial distribution and Poisson distribution. These extended formulas are suitable 

for a model composed of individuals whose event rates are additionally affected by their nearby neighbor. Finally, we apply 

these tools to a simple SIS epidemic model. 

No.144 

Author (s) : Bunwong, K. 

Title : Pair approximations for ecological models with additional neighborhood effects 

Source : International Conference on Applied Mathematics, Simulation, Modelling – Proceedings, 2010, Pages 165-169 


Keywords : Pair approximation; Probability distribution; SIS epidemic model; Spatial model 

Abstract : The spatial interaction plays an important role in many ecological situations. A lattice model is a popular tool for creating 

such a grid structure of discrete individuals together with their possible connection. The procedure, however, is very 

computation time consuming depending on the model complexity. Therefore, master equations, correlation equations, and 

pair approximations are proposed as analytical methods. In this paper, a new approach to pair approximation method is 

introduced. The main assumption beyond this approach is that the space average and the probabilistic average are identical 

when the total population size is large enough. This technique is suitable for a model composed of individuals whose event 

rates such as birth rate, death rate, transmission rate, and recovery rate are additionally affected by their nearby neighbor. 

We, finally, apply this technique to a simple SIS epidemic model. 

No.145 

Author (s) : Bunyaratavej, S. 

Title : Potassium hydroxide examination in superficial fungal infection of the skin: The experience-based procedure 

Source : JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY, Volume: 62, Issue: 3, Supplement: S, Pages: AB85-AB85, Published: 

MAR 2010 




No.146 

Author (s) : Buranaamnuay, K., Wongtawan, T., Masuwatana, S., Tummaruk, P., Techakumphu, M. 

Title : Intra-uterine and deep intra-uterine insemination using cryopreserved boar semen in spontaneously-ovulating sows 

Source : Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Volume 40, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 215-219 


Keywords : Artificial insemination; Frozen-thawed spermatozoa; Ovulation; Sow 

Abstract : The present study was performed to investigate the in vivo fertility of frozen-thawed (FT) boar semen after intra-uterine (IUI) 

and deep intra-uterine insemination (DIUI) in spontaneously-ovulating sows. A total of 48 weaned sows were included. The 

sows were divided into three groups, i.e. natural mating (NM) (n=30), IUI (n=9) and DIUI (n=9). In the IUI and DIUI groups, the 

sows were inseminated twice, at 24 and 36 h after the detection of oestrous by IUI with 2 × 109 spermatozoa/dose or DIUI 

with 1 × 109 spermatozoa/dose. Transrectal ultrasonography was used to determine the time of ovulation after insemination. 

The results revealed that the conception as determined by a 24-day non-return rate of the sows was 96.6%, 88.8% and 

66.6% (p=0.03) and the farrowing rate (FR) was 96.6%, 66.6% and 66.6% (p=0.01) in NM, IUI and DIUI groups, respectively. The 

numbers of total piglets born per litter were 9.4±2.8, 11.3±2.9 and 7.6±3.1 piglets in the NM, IUI and DIUI groups, respectively 

(p=0.10). These data indicate that the spontaneously-ovulating weaned sows inseminated with either IUI or DIUI using a 

relatively low numbers of FT spermatozoa resulted in a lower FR compared to NM. The total number of piglets born per litter 

after IUI was higher than DIUI. 

55


No.147 

Author (s) : Buranajitpirom, D., Asuvapongpatana, S., Weerachatyanukul, W., Wongprasert, K., Namwong, W., Poltana, P., 

Withyachumnarnkul, B. 

Title : Adaptation of the black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon, to different salinities through an excretory function of the antennal 

gland 

Source : Cell and Tissue Research, Volume 340, Issue 3, June 2010, Pages 481-489 


Keywords : Adaptation; Antennal gland; ATPase; Black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon (Crustacea); Salinity 

Abstract : Black tiger shrimps (Penaeus monodon) are able to survive and can be reared under various salinities, possibly by the cellular 

adaptation of their excretory system, particularly the antennal gland, which is known to regulate body fluid in crustaceans. 

We have investigated the morphological and biochemical alterations of the antennal glands in shrimp reared in 7, 15, or 30 

ppt seawater. Drastic changes occur in animals reared under 7 ppt conditions. Ultrastructural studies of the antennal gland in 

shrimps reared in 7 ppt seawater have revealed that podocytic cells in the coelomosacs ramify with more cytoplasmic 

processes forming the filtration slits, and that the tubular labyrinth cells possess more mitochondria in their basal striation 

and a wider tubular lumen than those found in the other groups. Many apical cytoplasmic blebs from labyrinth cells have 

also been seen in the lumen of the labyrinths under 7 ppt conditions, a feature that is not as prominent under the other 

conditions. The expression and activity of the Na+/K +-ATPase in the antennal gland are also correlated with the surrounding 

environment: the lower the salinity, the higher the expression and activity of the enzyme. Immunohistochemistry results have 

demonstrated the highest staining intensity in the labyrinth cells of shrimps reared under 7 ppt conditions. Our findings thus 

suggest that one of the adaptation mechanisms of this shrimp to the surrounding salinity is the regulation of Na +/K+-ATPase 

expression in the antennal gland, in conjunction with subcellular changes in its excretory cells. © 2010 Springer-Verlag. 

No.148 

Author (s) : Burana-Osot, J., Pattanapanyasat, K., Soonthornchareonnon, N., Sukapirom, K., Toida, T. 

Title : Characterisation and immuno-stimulating activity of polysaccharides from Thai medicinal plants 

Source : Natural Product Research, Volume 24, Issue 15, 20 September 2010, Pages 1403-1412 


Keywords : flow cytometry; immuno-stimulating activity; polysaccharide compositions; Thai medicinal plant 

Abstract : Water-soluble polysaccharides were isolated from the tubers of Butea superba Roxb. and Pueraria candollei Wall. Ex Benth. 

var. mirifica (Shaw et Suvat.) C. Niyomdham, the leaves of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb, Ocimum basilicum L., Psidium guajava and 

Andrographis paniculata (Burn. f.) Nees, the stems of Cymbopogon citratus (Stapf ExG), and the fruits of Psidium guajava and 

Scaphium scaphigerum. The immunological impacts of the polysaccharides on T-lymphocyte proliferation in vitro was 

investigated by flow cytometric (immunofluorescence) analysis using staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) as a positive control. 

It was found that the polysaccharides enhanced T-lymphocyte proliferation, ranging from 4.5 to 27.0% at a concentration of 

100 g mL-1, while the activity of SEB was 13.3%. The medicinal plants showing the highest immuno-stimulating activity were 

the tubers of Butea superba Roxb. The water-extracted tubers contained 60.0% (w/w) carbohydrates with 6.6% (w/w) uronic 

acid. The major constituent monosaccharides of the tubers were 28.2 mol% galactose, 10.5 mol% arabinose and 36.4 mol% 

glucose. © 2010 Taylor & Francis. 

No.149 

Author (s) : Burana-osot, J., Soonthornchareonnon, N., Chaidedgumjorn, A., Hosoyama, S., Toida, T. 

Title : Determination of galacturonic acid from pomelo pectin in term of galactose by HPAEC with fluorescence detection 

Source : Carbohydrate Polymers, Volume 81, Issue 2, 11 June 2010, Pages 461-465 


Keywords : Galactose; Galacturonic acid; HPAEC-fluorescence detector; Pectin 

Abstract : Galacturonic acid (GalA) in pomelo pectin was converted to galactose (Gal) by saponification and reduction reaction of 

carboxy group. The characterization of the product was investigated by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The reduced pectin was then 

hydrolyzed with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and analyzed by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) with 

fluorescence detector. The content of GalA was calculated from an increased Gal after reaction. The GalA content obtained 

from this method was higher than that obtained from HPAEC-pulsed amperometric detection (PAD), which affords to analyze 

GalA directly after hydrolysis. The established method was validated and the results showed good linearity, high precision 

56


and high sensitivity. This method could be further applied for the analysis of GalA content in pomelo pectin. © 2010 Elsevier 

Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.150 

Author (s) : Burana-osot, J., Soonthornchareonnon, N., Hosoyama, S., Linhardt, R.J., Toida, T. 

Title : Partial depolymerization of pectin by a photochemical reaction 

Source : Carbohydrate Research, Volume 345, Issue 9, 16 June 2010, Pages 1205-1210 


Keywords : HPAEC-PAD; NMR spectroscopy; Pectin; Photochemical depolymerization 

Abstract : Complex heterogeneous polysaccharides that comprise pectin were partially depolymerized by a photochemical reaction 

using ultraviolet light in the presence of titanium dioxide catalyst. In a period of 6 h at pH 7, this UV/TiO2 process decreased 

the average molecular weight of pectin from 400 kDa to 200 kDa. The characterization of the partially depolymerized pectin, 

which was fractionated by size-exclusion chromatography, was performed by 1H NMR spectroscopy, and the spectra obtained 

showed that the resulting oligosaccharides and polysaccharides maintained the intact core structure of pectin. The 

monosaccharide content and depolymerization profile were determined by high-performance anion-exchange 

chromatography coupled with pulsed amperometric detection. This controlled photochemical depolymerization technique 

might be useful for preparation of pectin oligosaccharides as an ingredient in food and pharmaceutical products. © 2010 

Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.151 

Author (s) : Burapapadh, K., Kumpugdee-Vollrath, M., Chantasart, D., Sriamornsak, P. 

Title : Fabrication of pectin-based nanoemulsions loaded with itraconazole for pharmaceutical application 

Source : Carbohydrate Polymers, Volume 82, Issue 2, 5 September 2010, Pages 384-393 


Keywords : Itraconazole; Nanoemulsions; Pectin; Simple homogenization 

Abstract : The aim of this study was to prepare nanoemulsions containing itraconazole (ITZ), a poorly water-soluble drug, using pectin 

as a polymeric emulsifier. Nanoemulsions were prepared by simple homogenization to avoid high-pressure conditions. The 

influences of type of internal phase, type and concentration of pectin on the droplet size, morphology, and zeta potential of 

the pectin-based emulsions were also examined. Nanoemulsions were achieved when chloroform was used as an internal 

phase while using caprylic/capric triglyceride can produce only micron-sized emulsions. Pectin with high degree of 

esterification offered good emulsion properties because of its high amount of hydrophobic molecules. The droplet size of 

emulsions decreased with the increased pectin concentration. The addition of ITZ to the emulsion formulation was essential 

to obtain the nano-sized emulsions, resulting from the molecular association between ITZ and pectin. It appears that 3% 

(w/w) pectin provided the most stable emulsion with the highest percent creaming. The obtained nanoemulsions may be 

subsequently developed as a self-emulsifying drug delivery system. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.152 

Author (s) : Burgoine, K.L., Bancone, G., Nosten, F. 

Title : The reality of using primaquine 



Keywords : amikacin, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, chloroquine, ciprofloxacin, creatinine, ferrous sulfate, folic acid, gentamicin, meropenem, 

piperacillin plus tazobactam, primaquine, urea, antimalarial agent; abdominal pain, Acinetobacter baumannii, adult, anemia, 

article, bacterium isolation, blood smear, blood transfusion, breathing rate, case report, clinical examination, cold clammy 

skin, confusion, creatinine blood level, fever, fluid resuscitation, follow up, gene mutation, genotype, glucose 6 phosphate 

dehydrogenase deficiency, hematocrit, hemizygote, human, hypotension, intravascular hemolysis, leukocytosis, male, 

outcome assessment, oxygen saturation, Plasmodium vivax malaria, polymerase chain reaction, restriction fragment length 

polymorphism, rigor, tachycardia, tachypnea, urea blood level, urinalysis, vomiting, weakness, drug effect, hemolysis; 

Adult, Antimalarials, Chloroquine, Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency, Hemolysis, Humans, Malaria, Vivax, Male, 

Primaquine 

Abstract : Background: Primaquine is currently the only medication used for radical cure of Plasmodium vivax infection. Unfortunately, 

its use is not without risk. Patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency have an increased 

57


susceptibility to haemolysis when given primaquine. This potentially fatal clinical syndrome can be avoided if patients are 

tested for G6PD deficiency and adequately informed before being treated. Case presentation. A 35-year old male presented 

to our clinic on the Thai-Burmese border with a history and clinical examination consistent with intravascular haemolysis. The 

patient had been prescribed primaquine and chloroquine four days earlier for a P. vivax infection. The medication instructions 

had not been given in a language understood by the patient and he had not been tested for G6PD deficiency. The patient 

was not only G6PD deficient but misunderstood the instructions and took all his primaquine tablets together. With 

appropriate treatment the patient recovered and was discharged home a week later. Conclusions. Whilst primaquine remains 

the drug of choice to eradicate hypnozoites and control P. vivax transmission, the risks associated with its use must be 

minimized during its deployment. In areas where P. vivax exists, patients should be tested for G6PD deficiency and 

adequately informed before administration of primaquine. © 2010 Burgoine et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.153 

Author (s) : Busadee, N., Panijpan, B., Laosinchai, P., Ruenwongsa, P. 

Title : Enhancing highschool students' achievement in permutation and combination through nontraditional word problems, sport 

problems and probabilistic games 

Source : International Journal of Learning, Volume 17, Issue 7, 2010, Pages 413-428 


Keywords : Experimental research; Inquiry; Permutations and combinations; Probabilistic game; Probability; Sport problem; Students 

achievement; Word problem 

Abstract : Probability concepts in combinations and permutations are difficult to grasp, especially when students are taught by formal 

mathematical presentation without having gone through sufficient real-life situations. Besides, some of the common textbook 

problems are not interesting to students, being more of math teasers rather than based on real-life situations. In this study 

we tested our newly invented real-life probability problems involving permutations and combinations, and simple problems 

requiring obtaining the probabilities of events by common sense. Personal relevance, sport situations, and games are the 

main features of these new problems. The participants were four classes of highschool students in a rural setting. One class 

served as the control, with the traditional problem unit (TU). The other three classes were given different units on non 

traditional word problems (NTU), sport problems (SU), and game problems (GU). The results demonstrated that all units 

enhanced students' learning. however students' learning by NTU outperformed those in the other classes. GU and SU were 

the less successful ones in enhancing students' achievement. The students showed positive attitude toward learning through 

authentic problems. Some unexpected results, especially from sport and game problems, are discussed. © Common Ground, 

Nutjira Busadee, Bhinyo Panijpan, Parames Laosinchai, Pintip Ruenwongsa. 

No.154 

Author (s) : Bussaratid, V., Dekumyoy, P., Desakorn, V., Jaroensuk, N., Liebtawee, B., Pakdee, W., Wattanagoon, Y. 

Title : Predictive factors for gnathostoma seropositivity in patients visiting the gnathostomiasis clinic at the hospital for tropical 

diseases, Thailand during 2000-2005 

Source : Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, Volume 41, Issue 6, November 2010, Pages 1316-1321 


Keywords : Gnathostoma; Predictive factor; Seropositivity; Thailand 

Abstract : This was a retrospective study of patients having Gnathostoma antibody testing at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Bangkok 

during 2000-2005 to investigate predictive factors for Gnathostoma seropositivity in patients attending the Gnathostomiasis 

Clinic. Out of 849 patients tested, 531 (62.5%) were Gnathostoma seropositive. The median absolute eosinophil counts were 

464 (0-16,796) and 326.5 (0-10,971) cells/mm3 in seropositive and seronegative patients, respectively (p500 cells/mm3), and the frequency of cutaneous 

swellings between seropositive and seronegative patients were all statistically significant. Patients with a history of eating raw 

meat and a history of cutaneous swelling were at 2.1 and 1.8 times more likely to be Gnathostoma seropositive, respectively. 

Logistic regression analysis showed eosinophilia was not a predictive factor for Gnathostoma seropositivity. 

No.155 

Author (s) : Cai, B., Pumijumnong, N., Tan, M., Muangsong, C., Kong, X., Jiang, X., Nan, S. 

Title : Effects of intraseasonal variation of summer monsoon rainfall on stable isotope and growth rate of a stalagmite from 

northwestern Thailand 

58


Source : Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres, Volume 115, Issue 21, 2010, Article number D21104 


Keywords : Annual resolution, Asian monsoon, Climate signals, Decadal variability, High growth rate, High resolution, Instrumental 

data, Intraseasonal variations, Monsoon intensity, Monsoon rainfall, Monsoon season, Oxygen isotopic composition, Rate 

parameters, Sea surface temperatures, Stable isotopes, Strong correlation, Summer monsoon rainfall, Thailand, Western 

Pacific warm pool; Atmospheric temperature, Atmospheric thermodynamics, Caves, Climate change, Growth 

rate, Isotopes, Lakes, Oxygen; Rain; atmospheric chemistry, decadal variation, growth rate, isotopic composition, rainfall, sea 

surface temperature, seasonal variation, speleothem, stable isotope, stalagmite; Thailand 

Abstract : An annually laminated stalagmite from Namjang cave (194030N, 981212E), northwestern Thailand, has been analyzed to 

investigate the annual resolution climate signal persevered within its oxygen isotopic composition (δ18O) and growth rate 

parameters. The cave site is under the influence of Asian monsoon, and local rainfall shows noticeable variations through the 

monsoon season. Both δ18O and growth rate records, covering the last 105 years, exhibit persistent decadal-scale variability 

and can be compared with local instrumental data. Low δ18O values coincide with high growth rates in the specimen and 

correspond to higher relative amounts of rainfall in later monsoon season (August-October; hereinafter referred to as ASO 

rainfall) versus rainfall in early monsoon season (May-July; hereinafter referred to as MJJ rainfall). The strong correlation 

between the δ18O value and the 5 year averaged ratio of ASO to MJJ rainfall (r = -0.50, p < 0.001) indicates a significant 

imprint of intraseasonal variation of monsoonal rainfall on stalagmite δ 18O. The close resemblance between the 

speleothem δ18O record and Western Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP) sea surface temperature (SST) implies that the WPWP may 

play an important role on the decadal variability of later monsoon rainfall in this region. Unique in its annual chronology, 

high-resolution δ18O, and direct comparison with instrumental data, our record shows for the first time that the climate in 

northwestern Thailand has undergone decadal-scale variability and speleothem δ18O is a robust proxy for regional monsoon 

intensity. Copyright © 2010 by the American Geophysical Union. 

No.156 

Author (s) : Cairns, J.; Chalkidou, K.; Panpiemras, J.; Suriyawongpaisal, P.; Yothasamut, J. 

Title : EVALUATING THE HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT PROGRAM IN THAILAND 





No.157 

Author (s) : Cappellini, M.D., Porter, J., El-Beshlawy, A., Li, C.-K., Seymour, J.F., Elalfy, M., Gattermann, N., Giraudier, S., Lee, J.-W., Chan, L.L., 

Lin, K.-H., Rose, C., Taher, A., Thein, S.L., Viprakasit, V., Habr, D., Domokos, G., Roubert, B., Kattamis, A. 

Title : Tailoring iron chelation by iron intake and serum ferritin: The prospective EPIC study of deferasirox in 1744 patients with 

transfusion-dependent anemias 

Source : Haematologica, Volume 95, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 557-566 


Keywords : Iron chelation therapy; Transfusion medicine; Transfusion-dependent anemias 

Abstract : Background: Following a clinical evaluation of deferasirox (Exjade®) it was concluded that, in addition to baseline body iron 

burden, ongoing transfusional iron intake should be considered when selecting doses. The 1-year EPIC study, the largest ever 

investigation conducted for an iron chelator, is the first to evaluate whether fixed starting doses of deferasirox, based on 

transfusional iron intake, with dose titration guided by serum ferritin trends and safety markers, provides clinically acceptable 

chelation in patients (aged ≥2 years) with transfusional hemosiderosis from various types of anemia. Design and Methods: The 

recommended initial dose was 20 mg/kg/day for patients receiving 2-4 packed red blood cell units/month and 10 or 30 

mg/kg/day was recommended for patients receiving less or more frequent transfusions, respectively. Dose adjustments were 

based on 3-month serum ferritin trends and continuous assessment of safety markers. The primary efficacy end-point was 

change in serum ferritin after 52 weeks compared with baseline. Results: The 1744 patients enrolled had the following 

conditions; thalassemia (n=1115), myelodysplastic syndromes (n=341), aplastic anemia (n=116), sickle cell disease (n=80), rare 

anemias (n=43) and other transfused anemias (n=49). Overall, there was a significant reduction in serum ferritin from baseline 

(-264 ng/mL; P5%) adverse events were 

gastrointestinal disturbances (28%) and skin rash (10%). Conclusions: Analysis of this large, prospectively collected data set 

59


confirms the response to chelation therapy across various anemias, supporting initial deferasirox doses based on 

transfusional iron intake, with subsequent dose titration guided by trends in serum ferritin and safety markers (clinicaltrials.gov 

identifier: NCT00171821). © 2010 Ferrata Storti Foundation. 

No.158 

Author (s) : Carretero-González, J., Ezquerra, T.A., Amnuaypornsri, S., Toki, S., Verdejo, R., Sanz, A., Sakdapipanich, J., Hsiao, B.S., López- 

Manchado, M.A. 

Title : Molecular dynamics of natural rubber as revealed by dielectric spectroscopy: The role of natural cross-linking 

Source : Soft Matter, Volume 6, Issue 15, 7 August 2010, Pages 3636-3642 


Keywords : Chain mobility, Cross-linked natural rubber, Deproteinization, Dielectric relaxation behavior, Low mobility, Modelbased, 

Natural Rubber, Naturally occurring, Normal modes, Protein cross-link, Segmental mode, Star polymers; 

Centrifugation, Dielectric relaxation, Gels, Molecular dynamics, Phospholipids, Proteins; Rubber 

Abstract : In order to understand the molecular dynamics of natural rubber, the dielectric relaxation behavior of its different 

components were investigated. These components included: (1) the linear polyisoprene fraction, obtained after 

deproteinization and transesterification of natural rubber (TE-DPNR), (2) the gel (GEL) fraction, corresponding to pure natural 

chain-end cross-linked natural rubber, (3) deproteinized natural rubber (DPNR), in which the protein cross-links at the ω-end 

have been removed, and (4) natural rubber (CNR) purified (through centrifugation) but still containing proteins, phospholipids 

and the sol phases. The dielectric relaxation behaviour of natural rubber revealed a segmental mode (SM) which is not 

affected by natural chain-end cross-linking (so-called naturally occurring network) and a normal mode (NM) which depends 

on a naturally occurring network. The dynamics of the NM, which is associated to chain mobility, seems to be strongly 

affected by natural chain-end cross-linking. We propose a model based on a hybrid star polymer in which the low mobility 

core (phospholipids) controls the mobility of the polyisoprene arms. © 2010 The Royal Society of Chemistry. 

No.159 

Author (s) : Cervenka, T.; Bladwin, K.; de Souza, M. S.; Paris, R.; Koehler, R.; Thongcharoen, P.; Pitisutitthum, P.; Nitayaphan, S.; Suriyanon, 

V.; Robb, M.; Michael, N.; Kim, J.; Kijak, G. 

Title : Feasibility of high-throughput and low-cost high-resolution class I HLA typing of HIV vaccine trial cohorts in Southeast Asia 

Source : AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES, Volume: 26, Issue: 10, Pages: A70-A71, Published: OCT 2010 




No.160 

Author (s) : Chabé, M., Herbreteau, V., Hugot, J.-P., Noemi, B., Deruyter, L., Serge, M., Dei-Cas, E. 

Title : Pneumocystis carinii and pneumocystis wakefieldiae in wild rattus norvegicus trapped in Thailand 

Source : Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, Volume 57, Issue 2, March 2010, Pages 213-217 


Keywords : PCR; Pneumocystis spp; Rat; Wild fauna 

Abstract : This work reports for the first time the presence of two Pneumocystis species in wild Rattus norvegicus specimens from 

Thailand. Pneumocystis DNA was detected in 57.7% (15/26) wild rats without apparent association with typical 

pneumocystosis. Pneumocystis carinii was found alone in five rats (19.2%), Pneumocystis wakefieldiae was detected alone in 

six rats (23.1%), and two rats were infected by both species (7.7%). In addition, a new P. wakefieldiae variant sequence has 

been identified in three wild R. norvegicus specimens caught in the same geographical area. The high frequency of 

Pneumocystis in wild rats documented in this study and the apparent scarcity of severe pneumocystosis were consistent with 

an efficient circulation of rat Pneumocystis species in ecosystems. © 2010 The Author(s). 

No.161 

Author (s) : Chadchavalpanichaya, N., Intaratep, N. 

Title : Exercise behavior and knowledge among the DM type II patients 

Source : Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, Volume 93, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages 587-593 


60


Keywords : DM patients; Exercise behavior; Knowledge of physical exercise 

Abstract : Objective: To study the exercise behavior and knowledge about physical exercise among diabetic patients. The authors 

explored the correlation between the exercise behavior and knowledge of physical exercise. Material and Method: DM type II 

patients aged more than 18 years, who attended the DM clinic, Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok between April and August 2007 were 

randomly interviewed by using questionnaires while they were waiting to see their doctors. Results: One hundred and ninety 

six patients were interviewed. They were 62 males and 134 females with an average age of 60. 5 years. Most of them 

exercised regularly at least three times a week (65. 8%). Most of them exercised by walking (67%). They liked to exercise in 

their houses (48. 7%), and in the morning (41. 8%). Health care providers provided knowledge about exercise (58. 2%). The 

benefit of exercise known the least was that it could increase endorphin release (61. 2%). The aerobic exercise principle 

known the least was the proper frequency of exercise (50. 5%). In addition, the exercise principle in DM known the least was 

that the DM patients should consult their doctors before starting to exercise (49%). Conclusion: Most of the DM patients 

exercised regularly, but some had insufficient knowledge. The researchers will take the results to provide the adequate 

knowledge to the DM patients in the future. 

No.162 

Author (s) : Chadchavalpanichaya, N., Srisawasdi, G., Suwannakin, A. 

Title : The effect of calf stretching box on stretching calf muscle compliance: A prospective, randomized single-blinded controlled 

trial 

Source : Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, Volume 93, Issue 12, December 2010, Pages 1470-1479 


Keywords : Calf muscle; Calf stretching box; Compliance; Gastrosoleus muscle; Stretching 

Abstract : Primary Objective: To study the effect of calf stretching box usage in increasing the compliance of performing calf stretching 

exercise as compared to the conventional exercise method. Secondary Objective: To study the effect of calf stretching box 

usage in decreasing the calf muscle tightness and complications as compared to the conventional exercise method. Material 

and Method: Eighty patients older than 45 years old with calf muscles tightness were enrolled in a prospective, randomized 

single-blinded controlled trial at the out-patient Rehabilitation medicine clinic, Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand between 

April and August 2009. Patients were randomized into two groups, the study group (stretching by using calf stretching box) 

and the control group (stretching by the conventional exercise method). Patients in both groups were asked to hold the 

stretch for at least 1 minute and to perform the stretching program at least two times per day, every day for two weeks. 

Furthermore, they were asked to record the real frequency and duration of their exercise and complications in a logbook 

every day. Results: Thirty-eight patients in each group completed the study. The baseline characteristics of the patients in 

both groups were similar. The study group had higher frequency and longer duration of performing calf stretching exercise 

than the control group. They also reported more decrease of calf muscle tightness with less pain complication (shoulder 

pain, knee pain, low back pain, and calf muscle pain) than the control group (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant 

differences in the (between before and after) numbers of taut bands, trigger points, and tender points of calf muscle and 

degree of ankle range of motion between the two groups. Conclusion: Stretching calf muscle with calf stretching box can 

increase compliance, decrease calf muscle tightness and decrease complications when compared with the conventional 

exercise method. 

No.163 

Author (s) : Chadsuthi, S., Wong-Ekkabut, J., Triampo, W., Doungchawee, G., Triampo, D. 

Title : Comparison of the effects of UV-A radiation on Leptospira interrogan serovar Bataviae, Canicola and Pomona 

Source : African Journal of Biotechnology, Volume 9, Issue 21, 24 May 2010, Pages 3196-3206 


Keywords : Leptospira interrogans; Leptospirosis; Pathogenic spirochete; Ultraviolet-a 

Abstract : Motivated by the lack of related studies and an insufficient understanding of the response of pathogenic spirochetes, 

including leptospira to ultraviolet-A (UV-A) (or other stresses), we comparatively studied the effects of UV-A radiation on the 

Leptospira interrogans serovar Bataviae, Canicola and Pomona. The main purpose of this work was to investigate the effects 

of UV-A irradiation-both short term (immediate) and long term (post-irradiation)-on leptospires at different UV-A dosages, 

controlled by the duration of exposure time. It was observed that survival fractions linearly decrease from 100 to about 70, 

60 and 50% for serovar Pomona, Bataviae and Canicola, respectively. This indicates that, for different serovars, UV-A 

irradiation has a quantitatively different effects on growth. Short term effects suggest that Pomona may be more resistant to 

61


UV-A than the other serovars. Long term effects show that, when compared with the control group, the treated groups of 

bacteria re-grow when the exposure time is equal or lesser than 6 h (~ 2-6), while the groups exposed for 12 h or longer 

experienced little change or a slight decrease. This may indicate that UV-A radiation is able to inhibit the growth of bacteria, 

but does not prevent self-defense from taking place. UV-A radiation's effect on antigenic components was also investigated. 

The immunoblotting method was used and the results are supported by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and 

transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results. Possible explanations for these results are discussed. © 2010 Academic 

Journals. 

No.164 

Author (s) : Chaichompoo, P., Bostik, P., Stephenson, S., Udompunturuk, S., Kobkitjaroen, J., Pattanapanyasat, K., Ansari, A.A. 

Title : Multiple KIR gene polymorphisms are associated with plasma viral loads in SIV-infected rhesus macaques 

Source : Cellular Immunology, Volume 263, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 176-187 


Keywords : Genetics; Innate immunity; KIR's; MHC; NK cells; Non-human primates; Polymorphisms; Rhesus macaques; SIV; Viral 

loads 

Abstract : Innate immune mechanisms play a deterministic role in the rate of disease progression during acute infection in HIV infected 

humans and SIV infection of non-human primates. The role NK cells play in mediating such an effect has thus gained 

importance. One of the major sets of molecules that regulate NK cell function are the killer cell immunoglobulin-like 

molecules (KIR's). Our laboratory has previously shown an association of KIR3DL alleles 13 and 14 with high plasma viral loads 

in a cohort of SIV-infected rhesus macaques. To gain a more detailed understanding of the role of KIR polymorphisms, our 

laboratory herein conducted studies of three additional KIR loci and show that select KIR3DH alleles appear to be more 

strongly associated with high plasma viral loads than KIR3DL alleles 13 and 14. In addition, we herein document the existence 

of additional new alleles for the KIR1D, KIR2DL4, and the KIR3DH loci. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. 

No.165 

Author (s) : Chaikledkaew, U.; Turongkaravee, S.; Chansirikarnjana, S.; Pongchareonsuk, P.; Krairit, O. 

Title : FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH TOTAL TIME AND COST OF PROVIDING CARE FOR THAI PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA 





No.166 

Author (s) : Chairoungdua, A., Smith, D.L., Pochard, P., Hull, M., Caplan, M.J. 

Title : Exosome release of β-catenin: A novel mechanism that antagonizes Wnt signaling 

Source : Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 190, Issue 6, 20 September 2010, Pages 1079-1091 


Keywords : beta catenin, CD82 antigen, CD9 antigen, glycogen synthase kinase 3beta, uvomorulin, Wnt protein; animal cell, article, cell 

transport, controlled study, dendritic cell, exosome, knockout mouse, mouse, nonhuman, priority journal, protein 

degradation, protein secretion, signal transduction, wild type; Animals, Antigens, CD, beta Catenin, Cadherins, Cell 

Line, Exosomes, Gene Knockdown Techniques, Genes, Reporter, Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3, Humans, Kangai-1 

Protein, Lysosomes, Membrane Glycoproteins, Mice, Models, Biological, Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex, Protein 

Processing, Post-Translational, Protein Stability, Protein Transport, Signal Transduction, Transfection, Wnt Proteins; Mus 

Abstract : CD82 and CD9 are tetraspanin membrane proteins that can function as suppressors of tumor metastasis. Expression of CD9 

and CD82 in transfected cells strongly suppresses β-catenin - mediated Wnt signaling activity and induces a significant 

decrease in β-catenin protein levels. Inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling is independent of glycogen synthase kinase-3β 

and of the proteasome- and lysosome-mediated protein degradation pathways. CD82 and CD9 expression induces β-catenin 

export via exosomes, which is blocked by a sphingomyelinase inhibitor, GW4869. CD82 fails to induce exosome release of βcatenin 

in cells that express low levels of E-cadherin. Exosome release from dendritic cells generated from CD9 knockout 

mice is reduced compared with that from wild-type dendritic cells. These results suggest that CD82 and CD9 down-regulate 

the Wnt signaling pathway through the exosomal discharge of β-catenin. Thus, exosomal packaging and release of cytosolic 

proteins can modulate the activity of cellular signaling pathways. © 2010 Chairoungdua et al. 

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No.167 

Author (s) : Chaisiri, K., Chaeychomsri, W., Siruntawineti, J., Bordes, F., Herbreteau, V., Morand, S. 

Title : Human-dominated habitats and helminth parasitism in Southeast Asian murids 

Source : Parasitology Research, Volume 107, Issue 4, September 2010, Pages 931-937 


Keywords : Acanthocephalus, animal parasitosis, article, cestodiasis, controlled study, forest, gastrointestinal infection, helminthiasis, host 

parasite interaction, human, molecular phylogeny, Muridae, nematodiasis, nonhuman, parasite transmission, priority 

journal, rat, Rattus argentiventer, Rattus tanezumi, rural area, Southeast Asia, species dominance, species habitat, species 

richness, trematodiasis; Animals, Asia, Southeastern, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Gastrointestinal 

Diseases, Helminths, Humans, Muridae, Parasitic Diseases, Animal, Rodent Diseases; Acanthocephala 

(worms), Cestoda, Muridae, Nematoda, Rattus argentiventer, Rattus norvegicus, Rattus tanezumi, Rodentia, Trematoda, Vermes 

Abstract : The effect of habitat anthropization is investigated using a comparative analysis based on a literature survey of the 

gastrointestinal helminths of murid rodents described in Southeast Asia (SEA). The literature survey gave 30 references on 

helminth diversity concerning 20 murid rodent species. The diversity of helminths was high with a total of 13 species of 

cestodes, 15 species of trematodes, 29 species of nematodes and one species of acanthocephalans. The highest helminth 

species richness was found in Rattus tanezumi, Rattus norvegicus and Rattus argentiventer, all these species were found in 

more human-dominated habitats (agricultural areas or human settlements). Helminth species richness was positively linked 

across rodent species to the level of the anthropization of the host environment from forests, agricultural areas to human 

settlements. © 2010 Springer-Verlag. 

No.168 

Author (s) : Chaisiri, K., Bowonwatanuwong, C., Kasettratat, N., Kiertiburanakul, S. 

Title : Incidence and Risk Factors for Tenofovir-Associated Renal Function Decline Among Thai HIV-Infected Patients with Low-Body 

Weight 

Source : CURRENT HIV RESEARCH, Volume: 8, Issue: 7, Pages: 504-509, DOI: 10.2174/157016210793499259, Published: OCT 2010 


Keywords : Adverse effect; glomerular filtration rate; HIV; risk factor; renal function; tenofovir 

Abstract : Objectives: We aimed at determining the incidence and factors for tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)-associated renal 

function decline among Thai HIV-infected patients. Methods: Retrospective and prospective cohort studies were conducted. 

We enrolled HIV-infected adults who had initiated TDF. Renal function decline was defined by a decrease of 25% in 

glomerular filtration rate (GFR) from the baseline. Factors associated with the renal function decline were determined. 

Results: A total of 405 patients with a median (interquartile range, IQR) body weight of 56.5 (50.5-65.0) kg were enrolled. All 

but four (99%) were antiretroviral treatment-experience patients. A median (IQR) duration of receiving TDF was 16 (8-21) 

months. Of these, 78 (19.3%) patients had a 25% decrease in GFR with the incidence rate of 16.2 per 100 person-years. By 

Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, median time to a 25% decrease in GFR was 28 [95% confidence interval (CI) 25.2-30.8] months. 

By multiple logistic regression, lower body weight [odds ratio (OR) 1.15 per 5 kg, 95% CI 1.00-1.33], lower body mass index 

(BMI) (OR 2.26 per 1 kg/m(2), 95% CI 1.74-2.94), baseline GFR (OR 1.62 per 10 ml/min/1.73m(2), 95% CI 1.39-1.88), protease 

inhibitor (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.15-3.92), and nephrotoxic drug (OR 3.16, 95% CI 1.44-6.98) were statistically significant factors 

associated with a 25% decrease in GFR. Conclusions: The study revealed high incidence of TDF-associated renal function 

decline among patients with low-body weight and BMI. Additional risk factors were baseline GFR, receiving protease inhibitor, 

and nephrotoxic drugs. Close monitoring of renal function is warranted among patients with these risk factors. 

No.169 

Author (s) : Chaithirayanon, K., Sobhon, P. 

Title : Molecular cloning and characterization of two genes encoding 2-Cys peroxiredoxins from Fasciola gigantica 

Source : Experimental Parasitology, Volume 125, Issue 2, June 2010, Pages 106-113 


Keywords : 2-Cys peroxiredoxin; Fasciola gigantica; In situ hybridization 

Abstract : In Fasciola species, peroxiredoxin (Prx) serves as the major antioxidant enzyme to remove hydrogen peroxide that is 

generated from various metabolic reactions, because the parasites lack catalase, and only express glutathione peroxidases at 

minimal levels. We have cloned and characterized two genes, FgPrx-1 and FgPrx-2, belonging to the 2-Cys Prx family, by 

63


immunoscreening of an expressed adult stage Fasciola gigantica cDNA library using a rabbit anti-serum against its tegumental 

antigens. Predicted FgPrx-1 and FgPrx-2 consisted of 218 amino acids each with predicted molecular weights at 24.63. kDa and 

24.57. kDa, respectively. The two predicted F. gigantica Prx proteins exhibited 98% identity to each other, and 52% identity to 

Prx from oxen which is the natural host. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that FgPrx-1 and FgPrx-2 appear to be closely 

related to those of Fasciola hepatica. The nucleotide sequences of FgPrx-2 are 654. bp, which is similar to that cloned from 

newly excysted juveniles of F. hepatica. The FgPrx genes were found to be constitutively expressed in all developmental 

stages, and with a similar pattern. In the adult parasite, FgPrx transcripts were located in the gut epithelial cells, tegument 

cells, and cells of reproductive organs, including prostate gland, vitelline glands, testis and ovary. In 4-week-old juveniles, a 

similar distribution pattern was observed. Metacercaria and newly excysted juveniles exhibited strongest signals for mRNA 

transcripts in the gut epithelium, and moderately in the tegumental cells. Because of their key role in protecting the parasite 

and specificities, these proteins may have immunodiagnostic as well as vaccine potentials. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. 

No.170 

Author (s) : Chaiwat, O., Sarima, N., Niyompanitpattana, K., Komoltri, C., Udomphorn, Y., Kongsayreepong, S. 

Title : Protocol-directed vs. physician-directed weaning fromventilator in intra-abdominal surgical patients 



Keywords : Intensive care unit; Mechanical ventilation; Nursing; Outcomes; Protocol-directed weaning; Weaning 

Abstract : Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that protocol-directed weaning is better than physician-directed weaning in 

terms of shorter duration of mechanical ventilation in general critically ill patients. In this prospective, randomized controlled 

trial, the authors compared duration of mechanical ventilation between protocol based nurse-directed weaning and 

physician-directed weaning in patients following intra-abdominal surgery. Material and Method: One hundred intra-abdominal 

surgical patients requiring mechanical ventilation for more than 24 hours were randomly assigned to receive either protocoldirected 

(n = 51) or physician-directed (n = 49) weaning from mechanical ventilation. Patients assigned to the protocoldirected 

weaning group underwent daily screening and a spontaneous breathing trial by nursing staff. Outcomes: The primary 

outcome was the duration of mechanical ventilation. Results: The median duration of mechanical ventilation was 40 and 72 

hrs in protocol-directed and physician-directed groups, respectively (p < 0.001). Two patients in the protocol-directed group 

and three patients in the physician directed group were re-intubated within the first 72 hours after extubation (p = 0.61). 

Conclusion: Daily screening of respiratory function in intra-abdominal surgical patients followed by trials of spontaneous 

breathing performed by nurses resulted in a shorter duration of mechanical ventilation when compared to traditional 

physician-directed weaning. 

No.171 

Author (s) : Chaiyarit, S., Mungdee, S., Thongboonkerd, V. 

Title : Non-radioactive labelling of calcium oxalate crystals for investigations of crystal-cell interactions and internalization 

Source : Analytical Methods, Volume 2, Issue 10, October 2010, Pages 1536-1541 


Keywords : Calcium oxalate crystals, Calcium oxalates, Cell interaction, Dihydrates, Fluorescence microscopes, Ionic dyes, Kidney 

stone, Laser scanning, Laser scanning confocal microscopy, MDCK cells, Phase-contrast, Radioactive labelling, SIMPLE 

method, Tubular cells; Adhesion, Confocal microscopy, Flow cytometry, Fluorescence, Radioactivity, Visualization; Crystals 

Abstract : The study of interactions between renal tubular cells and calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals and their internalization was limited 

in the past due to lack of a simple method for visualization of CaOx crystals during such processes. We have developed nonradioactive 

techniques for efficiently labelling and imaging CaOx crystals in the study of crystal-cell interactions and 

internalization. A total of 12 ionic dyes, as well as AlexaFluor-488, FITC-conjugated IgG and Cy3-conjugated IgG were used to 

stain/label CaOx crystals. Thereafter, the crystals were incubated with MDCK cells for 48 h. The crystal images were obtained 

using light, phase-contrast, fluorescence, or laser-scanning confocal microscopy. The internalized CaOx crystals were finally 

quantified by flow cytometry. From 12 ionic dyes tested, CaOx monohydrate (COM) crystals were stainable only with CBB- 

R250 (blue) and Ponceau-S (red), whereas CaOx dihydrate (COD) crystals were stainable only with CBB-R250 (blue) and CBB- 

G250 (blue), which did not stain COM crystals but transformed them to COD. Additionally, only COM could be labelled and 

imaged with AlexaFluor-488 (green), FITC-conjugated IgG (green) and Cy3-conjugated IgG (red). Crystal-cell interactions 

(indicated by interrupted borders of crystals) and adhesion were successfully visualized under a light, phase-contrast, or 

fluorescence microscope. Moreover, laser-scanning confocal microscopic examination successfully identified internalized 

64


crystals, which could be quantified by flow cytometry. These non-radioactive techniques are very simple and effective for 

labelling and imaging COM and COD crystals for the study of crystal-cell interactions, adhesion and internalization, and will be 

very useful to investigate mechanisms of kidney stone formation. © 2010 The Royal Society of Chemistry. 

No.172 

Author (s) : Chaiyen, P. 

Title : Flavoenzymes catalyzing oxidative aromatic ring-cleavage reactions 

Source : ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS, Volume: 493, Issue: 1, Special Issue: SI, Pages: 62-70, DOI: 

10.1016/j.abb.2009.08.021, Published: JAN 2010 


Keywords : Pyridoxine; Hydroxypyridine; Hydroxynicotinic acid; Ring-opening; Ring-cleavage; Hydroxylase; Monooxygenase; C4ahydroperoxy 

flavin; C4a-hydroxy flavin; Hydroxylation 

Abstract : 2-Methyl-3-hydroxypyridine-5-carboxylic acid (MHPC) oxygenase (MHPCO) and 5-pyridoxic acid oxygenase are flavoenzymes 

catalyzing an aromatic hydroxylation and a ring-cleavage reaction. Both enzymes are involved in biodegradation of vitamin B6 

in bacteria. Oxygen-tracer experiments have shown that the enzymes are monooxygnases since only one atom of molecular 

oxygen is incorporated into the products. Kinetics of MHPCO has shown that the enzyme is similar to single-component 

flavoprotein hydroxylases in that the binding of MHPC is required prior to the flavin reduction by NADH, and C4a-hydroperoxy- 

FAD and C4a-hydroxy-FAD are found as intermediates. Investigation on the protonation status of the substrate upon binding 

to the enzyme has shown that only the tri-ionic form of MHPC is bound at the MHPCO active site. Using a series of FAD 

analogues with substituents at the 8-position of the isoalloxazine ring, the oxygenation of MHPC by the C4a-hydroperoxy-FAD 

was shown to occur via an electrophilic aromatic substitution mechanism. Recently. the X-ray structures of MHPCO and a 

complex of MHPC-MHPCO at 2.1 angstrom have been reported and show the presence of nine water molecules in the 

enzyme active site. Based on structural data, a few residues, Tyr82, Tyr223, Arg181, were suggested to be important for 

catalysis of MHPCO. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 

No.173 

Author (s) : Chamnanchanunt, S.; Ouppapong, T.; Charoenpong, W.; Jearraksuwan, S.; Ruangweerayut, R.; Wattanagoon, Y.; Desakorn, V. 

Title : ANEMIA IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH SEVERE FALCIPARUM MALARIA, OUTCOMES AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS 

Source : HAEMATOLOGICA-THE HEMATOLOGY JOURNAL, Volume: 95, Supplement: 2, Pages: 715-716, Meeting Abstract: 1851, 

Published: JUN 2010 




No.174 

Author (s) : Chamniansawat, S., Chongthammakun, S. 

Title : Genomic and non-genomic actions of estrogen on synaptic plasticity in SH-SY5Y cells 

Source : Neuroscience Letters, Volume 470, Issue 1, 5 February 2010, Pages 49-54 


Keywords : Arc; Estrogen receptor; Genomic estrogenic action; Non-genomic estrogenic action; Synaptic plasticity 

Abstract : Estrogen modulates synaptic plasticity, an important mechanism of memory storage. Previously, we have reported that 

estrogen rapidly increases the expression of Arc (activity-regulated cytoskeleton associated protein), a key protein for synaptic 

plasticity, via non-genomic phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI-3K)-, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-, and estrogen receptor 

(ER)-dependent pathways in SH-SY5Y cells. The present study aimed to investigate the role of each ER subtype, α and β, in 

synaptic plasticity in SH-SY5Y cells. The specific agonist of ERβ (DPN) markedly induced Arc expression that mimics treatment 

with estrogen, but not ERα (PTT). Determination of subcellular localization of ERβ using immunocytochemistry shows that 

ERβ was retained in the cytoplasm of the untreated cells. In estrogen-treated cells, the membrane and cytosolic ERβ 

gradually decreased, while nuclear ERβ progressively increased in time-dependent manner, suggesting estrogen-dependent 

nuclear translocation of ERβ. Nuclear accumulation of ERβ at 6-12 h post-estrogen treatment, leads to increased PSD-95 and 

SYP mRNA expression, indicating the classical genomic estrogenic action on synaptic plasticity. However, the block of PI-3K 

signaling by Wortmannin partially suppressed estrogen (48 h)-induced PSD-95 and SYP expression, suggesting a crosstalk 

mechanism between genomic and non-genomic actions of estrogen on synaptic plasticity. Therefore, the estrogen-enhanced 

65


synaptic plasticity is ERβ-dependent and involves the crosstalk mechanism of non-genomic and genomic estrogenic actions. 

© 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.175 

Author (s) : Chamniansawat, S., Chongthammakun, S. 

Title : MODULATION OF MICROGLIA IN RESPONSE TO PROLONGED EXPOSURE TO HIGH GLUCOCORTICOID LEVEL, IMPLICATION FORM 

AN IN VITRO MODEL OF CHRONIC DEPRESSION 





No.176 

Author (s) : Chamratrithirong, A., Miller, B.A., Byrnes, H.F., Rhucharoenpornpanich, O., Cupp, P.K., Rosati, M.J., Fongkaew, W., Atwood, K.A., 

Chookhare, W. 

Title : Spirituality within the family and the prevention of health risk behavior among adolescents in Bangkok, Thailand 

Source : Social Science and Medicine, Volume 71, Issue 10, November 2010, Pages 1855-1863 


Keywords : Adolescents; Alcohol; Buddhism; Family; Health behavior; Risk behavior; Sexual behavior; Spirituality; Thailand; Tobacco 

Abstract : This study investigates the influences of a family's spiritual beliefs and practices on substance use and sexual risk behaviors 

among young adolescents 13-14 years old in Bangkok, Thailand. Independent predictor variables are the parents' and teens' 

spiritual beliefs and practices in Buddhism and parental monitoring behaviors. The study uses data from the 2007 Baseline 

Survey of the Thai Family Matters Project, which adapted a U.S. based family prevention program for Thai culture. A 

representative sample of 420 pairs of parents and teens from the Bangkok metropolitan area was recruited to participate in 

the study. Structural equation models indicate that positive direct and indirect associations of the spirituality of parents and 

teens within a family and the prevention of adolescent risk behaviors are significant and consistent. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. 

No.177 

Author (s) : Chamroonsawasdi, K., Suparp, J., Kittipichai, W., Khajornchaikul, P. 

Title : Gender roles, physical and sexual violence prevention in primary extend to secondary school in Samutsakorn province, 

Thailand 



Keywords : Gender roles; Violence prevention 

Abstract : Objective: To enhance positive attitude and life skills on gender roles to prevent physical and sexual violence. Material and 

Method: A whole school-based participatory learning program using a quasi-experimental study with pre and post test design 

was conducted among 2 schools during June-September, 2005. The experimental group, were 134 students in a primary 

school and 179 students in a secondary school. While the control group, were 122 students in a primary school and 95 

students in sa econdary school. Results: Means score of attitude toward gender roles before implementation in the 

experimental group was significantly lower than the control group (p < 0.05). After implementation, the means score in the 

experimental group was not significantly different from the control group (p > 0.05). Means paired different score (afterbefore) 

between the two groups was significantly different (p = 0.002). Conclusion: A whole school-based program on gender roles 

and violence prevention is suitable for youths and should be merged as school curricula and expanded as a nationwide 

program at all level of education. Gender equity should be taught at an early childhood. Parental involvement in schoolbased 

activities should be negotiated. 

No.178 

Author (s) : Chan, M.A., Gigliotti, N.M., Matangkasombut, P., Gauld, S.B., Cambier, J.C., Rosenwasser, L.J. 

Title : CD23-mediated cell signaling in human B cells differs from signaling in cells of the monocytic lineage 

Source : Clinical Immunology, Volume 137, Issue 3, December 2010, Pages 330-336 


Keywords : B cells; Fc receptors; Human; Signal transduction 

66


Abstract : CD23 is the low affinity receptor for IgE and in B cells CD23 has been proposed to play a role in the regulation of IgE 

synthesis. CD23 is expressed also on other cell types including monocytes/macrophages, eosinophils, follicular dendritic cells 

and intestinal epithelial cells none of which is capable of expressing IgE. The diverse nature of the expressing cells suggests 

that either the CD23-mediated signal transduction pathway may be different among the cell types or biological outcomes 

differ in different cells in response to the same signaling pathway. To address this issue, the CD23 signaling pathway was 

analyzed and compared in primary tonsillar B cells and in the monocytic cell lines U937 and THP-1. Activation of the tyrosine 

kinase Fyn and the serine/threonine kinase Akt were only observed in B cells. These results suggest that the CD23-mediated 

signal transduction pathways in human B cells and human monocytes are different. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. 

No.179 

Author (s) : Chanapiwat, P., Kaeoket, K., Tummaruk, P. 

Title : The sperm DNA damage after cryopreservation of boar semen in relation to post-thawed semen qualities, antioxidant 

supplementation and boars effects 



Keywords : Antioxidant; DNA damage; Pig; Sperm 

Abstract : The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the damage of DNA of the frozen-thawed (FT) boar spermatozoa and to 

investigate the effect of various concentrations of L-cysteine supplementation on the sperm DNA damage. A total of 104 

cryopreserved semen samples from twenty-six ejaculates of 16 proven boars were analyzed. Of these samples, each semen 

sample contained a different concentration of L-cysteine i.e., 0 (n=41), 5 (n=41), 10 (n=11) and 15 (n=11) mM. All of the 

semen samples were cryopreserved by controlled-rate freezer. The semen was thawed at 50°C for 12 sec and the damage to 

the sperm DNA was determined using acridine orange (AO) staining. The results revealed that, on average, the DNA damage 

was observed in 0.5% of the FT boar spermatozoa. DNA damage varied among the boars from 0.0% to 4.0%. The levels of 

DNA damage were 0.6%, 0.4%, 0.5% and 0.9% in the extenders supplemented with 0, 5, 10 and 15 mM of L-cysteine, 

respectively (p>0.05). In conclusion, the DNA damage of the FT boar spermatozoa was relatively low. No adverse effect of Lcysteine 

supplementation up to 10 mM on the damage of the sperm DNA was found. Boar characteristic is the most 

important factor affecting the damage of the sperm DNA. 

No.180 

Author (s) : Chandanasotthi, P., Rawiworrakul, T., Auemaneekul, N., Sowattanangoon, N., Boonsatean, W., Sunsern, R., Wichitnak, S., 

Ritthuredee, P. 

Title : COMMUNITY-BASED PARTICIPATION RESEARCH ON THAI PEOPLE WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES: PRELIMINARY KEYS TO MOBILIZE AND 

CHANGE BEHAVIORS 

Source : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE, Volume: 17, Supplement: 1, Pages: 244-245, Published: AUG 2010 




No.181 

Author (s) : Chandrashekar, C.K., Basavalingu, B., Rai, K.M.L., Ananda, S., Tonthai, T., Soga, K., Byrappa, K. 

Title : Novel method of synthesis of R3+:YVO4 (where R=Nd, Er) crystals 

Source : Materials Research Innovations, Volume 14, Issue 1, 1 February 2010, Pages 38-44 


Keywords : Ftir; Hydrothemal synthesis; R3+:YVO4 (R=ND, ER); Rare earth vanadates; Sem; X-ray diffraction 

Abstract : Novel synthesis of neodymium and erbium doped yttrium vanadate system under hydrothermal and solvothermal conditions 

has been carried out with reference to the starting materials, the solvent media and in turn the resultant products. 

Neodymium/erbium doped yttrium orthovanadates of nano-to micrometre sized crystals with varying morphologies have 

been obtained through hydrothermal and solvothermal reactions. The crystals obtained have been subjected to powder Xray 

diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and morphological and scanning electron microscopic studies. © 2010 

W. S. Maney & Son Ltd. 

67


No.182 

Author (s) : Changbunjong, T., Jirapattharasate, C., Buddhirongawatr, R., Chewajon, K., Charoenyongyoo, P., Suwanapakdee, S., 

Waengsothorn, S., Triwitayakorn, K., Chaichoun, K., Ratanakorn, P. 

Title : Ectoparasitic fauna of birds, and volant and non-volant small mammals captured at Srinakarin Dam, Kanchanaburi, Thailand 

Source : Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, Volume 41, Issue 3, May 2010, Pages 526-535 


Keywords : Bird; Ectoparasites; Small mammal; Srinakarin dam; Thailand 

Abstract : The investigation of ectoparasitic fauna on birds and volant and nonvolant small mammals at srinakarin dam Kanchanaburi 

province Thailand was carried out under a national biodiversity and disease surveillance program for four consecutive 

months: January February May and june 2009. a total of 122 animals Comprised of 15 species of birds, 9 species of volant 

small mammals and 8 species of non-volant small mammals were examined for ectoparasite infestation. of these animals 1 

genus of hard ticks (ixodidae), 2 species of mesostigmatid mites (laelapidae), 4 genera in three families of astigmatid mites 

(proctophyllodidae, Pteronyssidae and trouessartiidae),4 species in three families of lice (philopteridae Polyplacidae and 

trichodectidae) and 2 families of batflies (nycteribiidae and streblidae) were collected. This is the first survey conducted to 

determine ectoparasites infesting birds and small mammals living in the reserved forest of srinakarin dam Thailand. a lower 

infestation rate of ectoparasites was observed in mammals, Ranging from 3.5% to 10.3% than birds With infestation rates 

between 7.3% and 34.2%. no major potential health risks to people who lived in this area were found. 

No.183 

Author (s) : Changbunjong, T., Weluwanarak, T., Chamsai, T., Sedwisai, P., Ngamloephochit, S., Suwanpakdee, S., Yongyuttawichai, P., 

Wiratsudakul, A., Chaichoun, K., Ratanakorn, P. 

Title : Occurrence of ectoparasites on rodents in Sukhothai province, Northern Thailand 



Keywords : animal, animal disease, article, disease carrier, ectoparasitosis, flea, mite, parasitology, rodent disease, Thailand, tick; 

Animals, Disease Reservoirs, Ectoparasitic Infestations, Mites, Rodent Diseases, Siphonaptera, Thailand, Ticks 

Abstract : A survey of ectoparasites on rodents was carried out bimonthly from April 2008 to March 2009 in 3 districts of Sukhothai 

Province, northern Thailand. A total of 130 rodents comprising 8 species of hosts were captured and examined for 

ectoparasites. The hosts examined were Bandicota indica, Bandicota savilei, Rattus losea, Rattus rattus, Rattus exulans, Rattus 

norvegicus, Menetes berdmorei and Tamiops mcclellandii. Ninety-seven ectoparasites were collected: 1 species of tick 

(Hemaphysalis bandicota), 2 species of mites (Laelaps nuttali and Laelaps echidninus), and 1 species of flea (Xenopsylla 

cheopis) were identified. The infestation rates by ticks, mites and fleas on the rodents were 0.77, 5.38 and 6.15%, 

respectively. Monitoring the rodent population and their ectoparasites is important for future planning of prevention and 

control of zoonotic diseases in the area. 

No.184 

Author (s) : Changbunjong, T., Wongwit, W., Leemingsawat, S., Tongtokit, Y., Deesin, V. 

Title : Effect of crude extract of Solanum xanthocarpum against snails and mosquito larvae 



Keywords : Crude extract; Larvicidal activity; Molluscicidal activity; Solanum xanthocarpum 

Abstract : The ethanolic crude extract from Solanum xanthocarpum was investigated for its molluscicidal activity against Biomphalaria 

glabrata, the snail vector of Schistosoma mansoni, and Indoplanorbis exustus, the snail vector of intestinal echinostomiasis 

and Schistosoma spindale, together with the larvicidal activity against the larvae of Aedes aegypti, mosquito vector of dengue 

hemorrhagic fever and Culex quinquefasciatus, the mosquito vector of urban bancroftian filariasis. The bioassays were carried 

out following the methods recommended by the World Health Organization. For molluscicidal activity, the LC50 against Bi. 

glabrata and I. exustus were reported at 163.85 and 198.00 mg/l while the LC90 were 219.33 and 236.80 mg/l, respectively. 

Regarding mosquito larvicidal activity, the LC50 against the larvae of Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus were 788.10 and 

573.20 mg/l, while the LC 90 were 1,288.91 and 1,066.93 mg/l, respectively. These results suggest a preparation of ingredients 

from this plant may be used as a biological larvicide for these vectors in the field. 

68


No.185 

Author (s) : Changtam, C., Hongmanee, P., Suksamrarn, A. 

Title : Isoxazole analogs of curcuminoids with highly potent multidrug-resistant antimycobacterial activity 

Source : European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, Volume 45, Issue 10, October 2010, Pages 4446-4457 


Keywords : Antimycobacterial activity; Chemical modification; Curcuminoids; Isoxazole analogs 

Abstract : Curcumin (1), demethoxycurcumin (2) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (3), the curcuminoid constituents of the medicinal plant 

Curcuma longa L., have been structurally modified to 55 analogs and antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium 

tuberculosis has been evaluated. Among the highly active curcuminoids, the isoxazole analogs are the most active group, 

with mono-O-methylcurcumin isoxazole (53) being the most active compound (MIC 0.09 μg/mL). It was 1131-fold more active 

than curcumin (1), the parent compound, and was approximately 18 and 2-fold more active than the standard drugs 

kanamycin and isoniazid, respectively. Compound 53 also exhibited high activity against the multidrug-resistant M. 

tuberculosis clinical isolates, with the MICs of 0.195-3.125 μg/mL. The structural requirements for a curcuminoid analog to 

exhibit antimycobacterial activity are the presence of an isoxazole ring and two unsaturated bonds on the heptyl chain. The 

presence of a suitable para-alkoxyl group on the aromatic ring which is attached in close proximity to the nitrogen function of 

the isoxazole ring and a free para-hydroxyl group on another aromatic ring enhances the biological activity. © 2010 Elsevier 

Masson SAS. All rights reserved. 

No.186 

Author (s) : Chanplakorn, N., Chanplakorn, P., Suzuki, T., Ono, K., Chan, M.S.M., Miki, Y., Saji, S., Ueno, T., Toi, M., Sasano, H. 

Title : Increased estrogen sulfatase (STS) and 17βhydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type l(17β-HSD1) following neoadjuvant aromatase 

inhibitor therapy in breast cancer patients 

Source : Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, Volume 120, Issue 3, April 2010, Pages 639-648 


Keywords : 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; Aromatase inhibitors; Breast cancer; Estrogen sulfatase; Exemestane; Ki67 

Abstract : Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are considered the gold standard for endocrine therapy of estrogen receptor (ER) positive 

postmenopausal breast cancer patients. The therapy may enhance therapeutic response and stabilize disease but resistance 

and disease progression inevitably occur in the patients. These are considered at least partly due to an emergence of 

alternative intratumoral estrogen production pathways. Therefore, in this study we evaluated effects of exemestane (EXE) 

upon the enzymes involved in intratumoral estrogen production including estrogen sulfatase (STS), 17beta;-hydroxysteroid 

dehydrogenase type 1 (17β-HSD1), and estrogen sulfotransferase (EST) and correlated the findings with therapeutic responses 

including Ki67 labeling index (Ki67). 116 postmenopausal patients with invasive ductal carcinoma, stage II/IIIa, were enrolled in 

JFMC34-0601 clinical trials between March, 2006 and January, 2008. EXE of 25 mg/day was administered according to the 

protocol. Pre- and posttreatment specimens of 49 cases were available for this study. Status of STS, EST, 17β-HSDl, ER, 

progesterone receptor (PgR), human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (Her2), and Ki67 in pre- and post-specimens 

were evaluated. Specimens examined before the therapy demonstrated following features; ER+ (100%), PgR+ (85.7%), and 

Her2+ (77.6%). After treatment, the number of Ki67, PgR, and ER positive carcinoma cells demonstrated significant decrement 

in clinical response (CIiR) and pathological response (PaR) groups. Significant increment of 17β-HSDl and STS immunoreactivity 

was detected in all groups examined except for STS in PaR. EST showed significant increment in nonresponsive groups. 

Alterations of Ki67 of carcinoma cells before and after therapy were subclassified into three groups according to its degrees. 

Significant alterations of intratumoral enzymes, especially 17β-HSD1 and STS, were correlated with Ki67 reduction after 

neoadjuvant EXE therapy. This is the first study demonstrating significant increment of STS and 17β-HSD1 following AI 

neoadjuvant therapy of postmenopausal ER positive breast carcinoma patients. This increment may represent the 

compensatory response of breast carcinoma tissues to estrogen depletion. 

No.187 

Author (s) : Chanprasertyothin, S., Saetung, S., Rajatanavin, R., Ongphiphadhanakul, B. 

Title : Genetic variant in the aquaporin 9 gene is associated with bone mineral density in postmenopausal women 

Source : Endocrine, Volume 38, Issue 1, August 2010, Pages 83-86 


Keywords : Aquaporin 9 (AQP9); Bone mineral density (BMD); Postmenopausal women 

69


Abstract : This study investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the aquaporin 9 (AQP9) gene is associated with 

bone mineral density (BMD) in Thai postmenopausal women, after an initial genome-wide screening using high-throughput 

SNP genotyping in pooled DNA samples. Subjects consisted of 516 postmenopausal women aged 50 or more. Highthroughput 

SNP screening was performed by comparing the estimated allele frequency derived from hybridization signal 

intensities of pooled DNA samples on the Affymetrix 500 K SNP genotyping chip set. The SNP was then genotyped for each 

subject individually. Data were expressed as mean ± SEM. Pooled DNA SNP screening revealed the allele frequency of an 

intronic A/T SNP rs2414539 in the AQP9 gene as being different between subjects with femoral neck BMD in tertiles 1 and 3. 

Individual genotyping in all subjects revealed that femoral neck BMD in subjects with TT, TA, and AA genotypes were 0.79 ± 

0.06 (n = 3), 0.75 ± 0.01 (n = 98), and 0.71 ± 0.01 g/cm2 (n = 415), respectively. The presence of the T allele in rs2414539 was 

associated with femoral neck BMD (r = 0.11, P < 0.05) but not with lumbar spine BMD. The relationship was still significant 

after controlling for body weight and age (P < 0.05). Genetic variation in the AQP9 gene is associated with femoral neck BMD 

in postmenopausal women, and may represent one of the susceptibility genes for phenotypes related to bone mass. © 2010 

Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. 

No.188 

Author (s) : Chanrachakul, B., Punyavachira, P., Preechapornprasert, D., Srilar, A., Promsonthi, P. 

Title : Randomized Comparison of Sublingual and Vaginal Misoprostol for Cervical Ripening at Term 

Source : REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES, Volume: 17, Issue: 3, Supplement: S, Pages: 352A-353A, Meeting Abstract: 1001, Published: MAR 





No.189 

Author (s) : Chansamut, N., Buates, S., Udomsangpetch, R., Krasaesub, S., Rachaphaew, N., Takhampunya, R., Sattabongkot, J. 

Title : CORRELATION OF AII-TUBULIN AND PFG377 ORTHOLOG GENE EXPRESSIONS IN PLASMODIUM VIVAX GAMETOCYTES AND 

MOSQUITO INFECTION 






No.190 

Author (s) : Chansela, P., Saitongdee, P., Stewart, P., Soonklang, N., Hanna, P.J., Nuurai, P., Poomtong, T., Sobhon, P. 

Title : The tetrapeptide apgw-amide induces somatic growth in haliotis asinina Linnaeus 

Source : Journal of Shellfish Research, Volume 29, Issue 3, November 2010, Pages 753-756 


Keywords : abalone; APGW-amide; growth; Haliotis asinina; neural ganglia 

Abstract : APGW-amide is a well-known neurohormone modulator in several molluscs, and is involved in motor activities, feeding, and 

sexual behavior. In this report we show that injections of APGW-amide into 4-mo-old juvenile Haliotis asinina stimulate growth 

of body weight and, to a lesser degree, shell length. The injections were given at 0 (control), 20, and 200 ng/g body weight 

(BW), at 1-wk intervals for 14 wk. BW and shell length (SL) were measured every week, and growth rates were calculated. 

When compared with control animals, there was an approximate 2-fold increase in body growth rates of animals given 20 

ng/g BW and 200 ng/g BW APGW-amide (P ≤ 0.05), whereas only 20 ng/g BW APGW-amide produced significantly greater SL 

than controls (P ≤ 0.05), with an approximate 1.2-fold increase. Using an immunoperoxidase technique, we showed the 

presence of APGW-amide in neuronal cells of the cerebral ganglia and nerve fibers. Overall, these data indicate that APGWamide 

is an important neurohormone/neuromodulator in the nervous system of H. asinina and plays a role in controlling the 

body growth of H. asinina. . 

No.191 

Author (s) : Chansrichavala, P., Chantharaksri, U., Sritara, P., Ngaosuwankul, N., Chaiyaroj, S.C. 

70


Title : Atorvastatin affects TLR4 clustering via lipid raft modulation 

Source : International Immunopharmacology, Volume 10, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 892-899 


Keywords : Atherosclerosis; Lipid raft; Mevalonate; Statins; Toll-like receptor 4 

Abstract : Statins, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, are used widely in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Apart from lowering lipid 

levels, statins have been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects. Previously we showed that atorvastatin inhibits NF-κB 

activation, dose and time dependently, in LPS-TLR4 signaling pathway. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory 

mechanism of atorvastatin via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in murine pro-B cell lines transfected with TLR4. Co-treatment of 

LPS-stimulated cells with both atorvastatin and mevalonate rescued NF-κB activation and TLR4 blockade demonstrated that 

atorvastatin does not exert its inhibitory effect via TLR4 receptor-ligand binding mechanism. Further investigation into the antiinflammatory 

mechanism has shown that atorvastatin causes an impairment of TLR4 recruitment into the lipid raft thereby 

affecting anti-inflammatory responses. In contrast, mevalonate repaired lipid raft function leading to TLR4 clustering in the 

lipid raft. Together, these data suggest that atorvastatin exerts its anti-inflammatory effect via lipid raft modification. This 

novel finding offers another insight into the pleiotropic effects of atorvastatin and may be applicable to other pattern 

recognition receptors that utilize membrane lipid raft as a platform for signal transduction. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

No.192 

Author (s) : Chantasart, D., Li, S.K. 

Title : Relationship between the enhancement effects of chemical permeation enhancers on the lipoidal transport pathway across 

human skin under the symmetric and asymmetric conditions in vitro 

Source : Pharmaceutical Research, Volume 27, Issue 9, September 2010, Pages 1825-1836 


Keywords : asymmetric; chemical permeation enhancer; human skin; lipoidal pathway; skin transport 

experiments; symmetric; transdermal 

Abstract : Purpose: Previously, the mechanisms of action of chemical permeation enhancers (CPEs) were studied, and a quantitative 

structure-enhancement relationship for the lipoidal transport pathway of the stratum corneum was established under 

symmetric and equilibrium conditions. The present study examined whether the effects of CPEs under the asymmetric 

conditions could be predicted by those determined using the symmetric transport experimental approach. Methods: Both 

symmetric (same CPE concentration in both donor and receiver chambers) and asymmetric (CPE in the donor chamber only 

and phosphate-buffered saline solution in the receiver) transport experiments were carried out in a two-chamber side-by-side 

diffusion cell with human epidermal membrane (HEM). Corticosterone was the model permeant to probe the effects of CPEs 

upon the HEM lipoidal pathway under these conditions. Results: A correlation between the experimental enhancement 

factors under the asymmetric conditions (E Asym) and those under the symmetric conditions (E Sym) was observed. The 

potencies of CPEs based on their donor concentrations are related to their lipophilicities. Conclusions: The results suggest 

that the symmetric configuration findings in the previous studies can be used to explain the effects of CPEs under the 

asymmetric condition likely encountered in practice and to understand drug delivery enhancement in transdermal enhancer 

formulation development. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. 

No.193 

Author (s) : Chanthateyanonth, R., Ruchirawat, S., Srisitthiratkul, C. 

Title : Preparation of new water-soluble chitosan containing hyperbranched- vinylsulfonic acid sodium salt and their antimicrobial 

activities and chelation with metals 

Source : Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Volume 116, Issue 4, 15 May 2010, Pages 2074-2082 


Keywords : Antimicrobial activity; Chitosan; Heavy metals; Hyperbranched polymers; Solubility 

Abstract : In this work, an efficient and simple method to graft a vinylsulfonic acid sodium salt on a poorly watersoluble chitosan is 

described. Commercially available low molecular weight chitosan is converted to water-soluble chitosan containing 

hyperbranched-vinylsulfonic acid sodium salt groups. The process comprises the following steps: Michael addition of methyl 

acrylate, amidation with ethylenediamine, and Michael addition of vinylsulfonic acid sodium salt. A variety of chitosans 

containing vinylsulfonic acid sodium salt, with improved water solubility, is synthesized by repeating these three steps. The 

new chitosan derivatives show better antimicrobial activity against Micrococcus luteus ATCC 10240 and Achromobacter 

71


xylosoxidans ATCC 2706. In addition, they display better chelating behavior with heavy metals, like cadmium(II), copper(II), 

and nickel(II), than the starting chitosan. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 

No.194 

Author (s) : Chantong, B.; Buranasinsup, S.; Toniti, P.; Suttiyotin, P.; Sirimanapong, W.; Nusuetrong, P. 

Title : Efficacy of extracts of Thai medicinal plants as an anesthetics on carp fish (Cyprinus carpio) 

Source : PLANTA MEDICA, Volume: 76, Issue: 12, Pages: 1345-1345, Published: AUG 2010 




No.195 

Author (s) : Chapman, N., Chen, C.-Y., Fujita, T., Hobbs, F.R., Kim, S.-J., Staessen, J.A., Tanomsup, S., Wang, J.-G., Williams, B. 

Title : Time to re-appraise the role of alpha-1 adrenoceptor antagonists in the management of hypertension? 

Source : Journal of Hypertension, Volume 28, Issue 9, September 2010, Pages 1796-1803 


Keywords : alpha-blockers; doxazosin; gastrointestinal therapeutic system; hypertension; metabolic effects 

Abstract : The role of alpha-1 adrenoceptor antagonists (alpha-blockers) in the management of hypertension continues to evolve. 

Recent data support their use as add-on therapy in uncontrolled hypertension when used in combination with all other 

major classes of antihypertensive drug and there is increasing evidence suggesting that they have modest but significant 

beneficial effects on lipid and glucose metabolism. The availability of extended-release formulations has contributed to an 

excellent tolerability profile. New data from an observational analysis of the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial 

(ASCOT) suggest that doxazosin gastrointestinal therapeutic system (GITS) used as a third-line antihypertensive agent lowered 

blood pressure and caused modest reductions in plasma lipids. Furthermore, use of doxazosin in ASCOT was not associated 

with an increased risk of heart failure, in contrast to the earlier finding of the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment 

to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT). Overall, currently available data support the use of alpha-blockers as safe, well 

tolerated and effective add-on antihypertensive drugs, which have additional favourable metabolic effects. © 2010 Wolters 

Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 

No.196 

Author (s) : Chareonviriyaphap, T., Grieco, J.P., Suwonkerd, W., Prabaripai, A., Polsomboon, S., Thainchum, K., Sungvornyothin, S., Achee, 

N.L. 

Title : An improved experimental hut design for the study of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) movement patterns in Thailand 

Source : Journal of Vector Ecology, Volume 35, Issue 2, December 2010, Pages 428-431 


Keywords : Aedes, animal, animal behavior, animal housing, article, physiology, Thailand; Aedes, Animals, Behavior, Animal, Housing, 

Animal, Thailand; Aedes aegypti, Culicidae, Diptera 


No.197 

Author (s) : Charoenchai, P., Vajrodaya, S., Somprasong, W., Mahidol, C., Ruchirawat, S., Kittakoop, P. 

Title : Part 1: Antiplasmodial, cytotoxic, radical scavenging and antioxidant activities of thai plants in the family acanthaceae 



Keywords : Acanthaceae; antioxidant activity; antiplasmodial activity; cancer chemoprevention; cytotoxic activity; radical scavenging 

Abstract : Crude extracts (CH2Cl2 and MeOH) of 20 plants in the family Acanthaceae were screened for their antiplasmodial, cytotoxic, 

antioxidant, and radical scavenging activities. These plants included Asystasia nemorum, Barleria cristata, B. strigosa, Dicliptera 

burmanni, Eranthemum tetragonum, Hygrophila ringens, Justicia balansae, J. procumbens, Lepidagathis incurva, Peristrophe 

lanceolaria, Phaulopsis dorsiflora, Ruellia kerrii, Strobilanthes auriculata, S. corrugata, S. cusia, S. dimorphotricha, S. karensium, 

S. maxwellii, S. pateriformis, and S. brandisii. CH 2Cl2 extracts of A. nemorum, S. corrugata, S. cusia, S. maxwellii, S. 

pateriformis, and S. brandisii, as well as MeOH extracts of J. balansae and J. procumbens, showed antiplasmodial activity with 

IC50 values of 10100μg/mL. CH2Cl2 extracts of nine plants including D. burmanni, H. ringens, J. balansae, J. procumbens, L. 

72


incurva, P. lanceolaria, P. dorsiflora, S. corrugata, and S. maxwellii showed cytotoxic activity with IC50 values of 3.546.0μg/mL. 

MeOH extracts (at 100μg/mL) of R. kerrii and S. auriculata could effectively scavenge DPPH free radicals (8283% inhibition) 

and superoxide anion radicals (79% and 88% inhibition). In the ORAC antioxidant assay, MeOH extracts of B. cristata, J. 

procumbens, R. kerrii, and S. auriculata exhibited activity with ORAC units of 3.13.9. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New 

York. 

No.198 

Author (s) : Charoenhirunyingyos, W., Vannasaeng, S. 

Title : Pseudohypertriglyceridemia from oral glycerine 

Source : Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, Volume 93, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 870-872 


Keywords : Glaucoma; Glycerine; Pseudohypertriglyceridemia 

Abstract : A 74 year-old Thai woman was found to have hypertriglyceridemia possibly due to an increased blood glycerol level. Her 

previous serum triglyceride (TG) levels were 65 and 99 mg/dl. After 2 months of taking glycerine at a dose of 50 ml orally 

every 8 to 12 hours for treatment of glaucoma, her serum TG concentrations increased from 77 to 1,815 and 2,693 mg/dl, but 

decreased rapidly to 72 and 59 mg/dl on days 3 and 6 following withdrawal of glycerine treatment. There were no other 

causes of hypertriglyceridemia. High blood glycerol level can interfere with enzymatic methods commonly used in the 

measurement of TG in most laboratories and result in falsely elevated levels of TG. 

No.199 

Author (s) : Charoenphandhu, N., Wongdee, K., Krishnamra, N. 

Title : Is prolactin the cardinal calciotropic maternal hormone? 

Soource : Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Volume 21, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 395-401 


Keywords : calcium, prolactin, prolactin receptor; article, bone, bone mass, bone turnover, breast feeding, calcium absorption, calcium 

bone level, calcium homeostasis, calcium metabolism, calcium transport, fetus 

development, human, hypercalcemia, intestine, kidney, lactation, mammary gland, maternal care, milk 

production, osteolysis, osteoporosis, pregnancy, priority journal, prolactin blood level, protein expression; Bone and 

Bones, Bone Resorption, Calcium, Calcium, Dietary, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Intestinal Absorption, Intestines, Ion 

Transport, Lactation, Pregnancy, Prolactin, Signal Transduction 

Abstract : To produce offspring, mothers require a large amount of calcium for fetal growth and milk production. Increased calcium 

demand leads to enhanced intestinal calcium absorption and stockpiling of bone calcium in pregnancy prior to 

demineralization in lactation. These coordinated events must be carefully organized by calciotropic hormone(s), but the 

classical hormones, namely 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, parathyroid hormone and calcitonin, do not appear to be responsible. 

Plasma prolactin (PRL) levels are elevated during pregnancy and, in view of the presence of PRL receptors in gut, bone and 

mammary glands, as well as recent evidence of the stimulatory effects of PRL on intestinal calcium transport, bone 

resorption and mammary calcium secretion, we postulate that PRL is the cardinal calciotropic hormone during pregnancy and 

lactation. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. 

No.200 

Author (s) : Charoensak, A., Pongpornsup, S., Suthikeeree, W. 

Title : Wall thickness and outer diameter of the normal appendix in adults using 64 slices multidetector CT 



Keywords : Adults; Appendix; Computed tomography; Multidetector 

Abstract : Objective: Determine wall thickness and outer diameter of the normal appendix in adults using 64 slices multidetector CT 

Material and Method: A retrospective review of 538 patients (190 men, 348 women; mean age, 56.5 years + 15.2 SD) who 

were sent for abdomino-pelvic CT without clinical suspicion of acute appendicitis was conducted. Two radiologists blinded to 

the presented patient's history of appendectomy interpreted CT images regarding the visualization of the appendix, location, 

luminal contents and presence of appendicoliths. The maximum outer diameter and two walls thickness of the visualized 

appendices were measured. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and accuracy for 

visualization of the appendix were 90.8%, 100%, 100%, 76.5% and 92.9% for reader 1 and 97.3%, 97.6%, 99.3%, 91.7% and 

73


97.4% for reader 2. The mean maximum outer diameter of the appendix was 6.6 mm + 1.5 (range, 3.4-14.0 mm). The mean 

two walls thickness of the appendix was 4.4 mm + 1.0 (range, 1.6-8.0 mm). Conclusion: The normal appendix is frequently 

identified at 64 slices MDCT. Contrast to maximum outer diameter, normal two walls thickness of the appendix is infrequently 

exceeding the threshold of 6 mm. 

No.201 

Author (s) : Charoenteeraboon, J., Ngamkitidechakul, C., Soonthornchareonnon, N., Jaijoy, K., Sireeratawong, S. 

Title : Antioxidant activities of the standardized water extract from fruit of phyllanthus emblica linn 

Source : Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, Volume 32, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 599-604 


Keywords : ABTS•+; Antioxidant; DPPH; Free radical; Phyllanthus emblica linn 

Abstract : Phyllanthus emblica Linn. is widely used in Thai traditional medicine for treatment of various diseases. The fruit of P. emblica 

is known as a rich source of vitamin C, and also contains a mixture of phenolic compounds. In this study, the standardized 

water extract of P. emblica fruit was prepared according to Thai Herbal Pharmacopoeia. Total polyphenol contents of the 

extract were equivalent to 34.22±1.74 g gallic acid/100g extract. Antioxidant activities of the P. emblica extract were 

evaluated by several methods, including DPPH and ABTS•+ radical scavenging assays and FRAP assays. The results showed 

that the extract has an ability of scavenging radicals generated by both DPPH and ABTS•+. Similar to Trolox, the water extract 

of P. emblica fruit also had a ferric reducing property. Additionally, the extract effectively inhibited H2O2-induced free radical 

production in human myeloleukemic U937 cells as measured by 2,7-DCF-DA. The results imply that the fruits of P. emblica 

are potential sources of natural antioxidants, which have free radical scavenging activity and might be useful for hepato-, 

cyto-, and radio- protection, as well as reducing oxidative stress in many pathological conditions. 

No.202 

Author (s) : Charoenying, Y., Kamchaisatian, W., Atamasirikul, K., Direkwattanachai, C., Manuyakorn, W., Benjaponpitak, S. 

Title : Cytokine responses during exacerbation compared with stable phase in asthmatic children 

Source : Asian Pacific Journal of Allergy and Immunology, Volume 28, Issue 1, March 2010, Pages 35-40 


Keywords : corticosteroid, gamma interferon, house dust allergen, interleukin 10, interleukin 4, phytohemagglutinin; 

adolescent, article, asthma, cell level, cell stimulation, child, clinical article, controlled study, cytokine production, cytokine 

response, disease exacerbation, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, female, human, human 

cell, immunoregulation, male, peripheral blood mononuclear cell, school child, supernatant; Adolescent, Antigens, 

Dermatophagoides, Asthma, Cells, Cultured, Child, Cytokines, Disease Progression, Female, Humans, Leukocytes, 

Mononuclear, Male, Phytohemagglutinins, Severity of Illness Index, Skin Tests 

Abstract : Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways. Balancing in Th1 and Th2 response is a target in the 

treatment. Recent studies show that interleukin-10 (IL-10) has an important role in the regulation of Th2 and allergic 

responses and its amount was found to decrease in asthmatic patients. This study was to focus on cytokine responses, 

including interferon-gamma (IFN- γ), IL-4 and IL-10 in asthmatic children during acute exacerbation compared to stable 

period. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from fourteen asthmatic children during exacerbation and stable phase 

were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and mite allergen (Der p) for 72 hours. Levels of IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 in cell 

culture supernatants were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The median level of IL-10 in PBMCs 

stimulated with PHA was significantly lower in acute asthma exacerbation compared with stable phase (464 vs. 859.5 pg/ml, 

p= 0.03). However, there was no difference in the level of IL-10 in PBMCs stimulated with Der p. The level of IFN-γ and IL-4 

were not different between exacerbation and stable phase both in PHA and Der p-stimulated PBMCs. The decrease of IL-10 

pro-duction in asthmatic children during acute exacerbation may emphasize the role of IL-10 in immune regulation in allergic 

disease. 

No.203 

Author (s) : Charuluxananan, S., Saengchote, W., Klanarong, S., Punjasawadwong, Y., Chau-In, W., Lawthaweesawat, C., Werawatganona, T. 

Title : Quality and patient safety in anesthesia service: Thai survey 

Source : Asian Biomedicine, Volume 4, Issue 3, June 2010, Pages 395-401 


Keywords : Anesthesia; Cardiac arrest; Guidelines; Patient information; Quality; Safety 

74


Abstract : Background: The Royal College of Anesthesiologists of Thailand (RCAT) performed large-scale epidemiologic study of 

anesthesia-related complications and national incidents study in 2004 and 2007, respectively. Objectives: Evaluate the 

anesthesia service in Thailand with regard to status of quality and patient safety. Material and methods: A pre-planned 

structured questionnaire regarding demographic, administrative, preanesthetic, intraoperative postanesthetic variables and 

complications were requested to be filled in by nurse anesthetists attending the refresher course lecture of RCAT in February 

2008. Descriptive statistics was used. Results: Three hundred fifty questionnaires were given and 341 respondents (97%) 

returned the questionnaires. Most of the respondents (90%) worked in government section. Thirty percent of respondents 

practiced in hospital without medical doctor anesthesiologist and 58% of nurse anesthetists worked in hospitals that have 

been accredited. Forty-six percent of respondents reported unavailability of a 24-hour recovery room. The questionnaires 

revealed of inadequacy of anesthesia personnel (64%), inadequate supervision during emergency condition (53%), inadequacy 

of patient information regarding anesthesia (57-69%), and low opportunity for patient to choose choice of anesthesia (19%). 

The commonly used monitoring were pulse oximeter (92% of respondents) and electrocardiography (63%). One-third (32%) of 

respondents had to provide of anesthesia for patients with insufficient NPO (non per oral) time. Common problems that the 

respondents experienced were miscommunication (49%), intraoperative cardiac arrest during the past year (35%), error 

related to infusion pump (24%) and medication error (8%). Fifty-five percent of respondents had to monitor at least one 

patient per month receiving spinal anesthesia. Conclusion: Suggested strategies for quality and patient safety improvement in 

anesthesia service are increasing personnel, increasing 24-hour recovery room, improvement of supervision, improvement of 

communication, compliance to guidelines and improvement of nurse anesthetist's training regarding monitoring patient 

receiving spinal anesthesia and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. 

No.204 

Author (s) : Chatameteekul, W.; Jirapongsananurak, O.; Umrod, P.; Boonchoo, S.; Pacharn, P.; Visitsunthron, N.; Vichyanond, P.; 

Luangwedchakarn, V. 

Title : The Pneumococcal Antibody Responses in Thai Children with Recurrent/Chronic Sinusitis: a Preliminary Report 

Source : JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY, Volume: 125, Issue: 2, Supplement: 1, Pages: AB202-AB202, Published: 

FEB 2010 




No.205 

Author (s) : Chatchaisak, D.; Srikiatkhachorn, A.; Govitrapong, P.; Chetsawang, B. 

Title : CALCITONIN GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE INDUCES TRANSIENT RECEPTOR POTENTIAL VANILLOID-1 EXPRESSION IN RAT TRIGEMINAL 

GANGLION 





No.206 

Author (s) : Chatdarong, K., Thuwanut, P., Manee-in, S., Lohachit, C., Axnér, E. 

Title : Effects of thawing temperature and post-thaw dilution on the quality of cat spermatozoa 

Source : Reproduction in Domestic Animals, Volume 45, Issue 2, April 2010, Pages 221-227 


Keywords : animal, animal disease, article, cat, cryopreservation, cytology, freezing, male, physiology, sperm preservation, spermatozoon, 

temperature, time; Animals, Cats, Cryopreservation, Freezing, Male, Semen Preservation, Spermatozoa, Temperature, Time 

Factors; Arachis hypogaea 

Abstract : The present study aimed to compare cat sperm quality after thawing using two different temperatures (37 and 70°C) and to 

investigate the effects of post-thaw dilution on the sperm quality and longevity of ejaculated cat spermatozoa. Six ejaculates 

of each of six male cats were collected using an electroejaculator (total 36 ejaculates). The semen was frozen in 0.25-ml 

straws using a Tris egg yolk extender containing Equex STM paste. Four straws prepared from each ejaculate were thawed at 

four different occasions; (i) at 37°C for 15 s, (ii) at 37°C for 15 s and diluted 1: 2 with Tris buffer (v/v), (iii) at 70°C for 6 s, (iv) at 

75


70°C for 6 s and diluted 1: 2 with Tris buffer (v/v). The percentages of motile spermatozoa, the scores of progressive motility, 

the percentages of spermatozoa with intact plasma membrane (using SYBR-14/EthD-1 stains) and intact acrosome (using 

fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated peanut agglutinin/propidium iodide stains) were evaluated in fresh semen at 0, 2, 4 and 

6 h after thawing. The thawing temperature had no effect on any sperm parameters throughout the incubation period (p > 

0.05). The dilution after thawing improved sperm motility, progressive motility and acrosome integrity (p < 0.05). The thawing 

of cat spermatozoa and subsequently diluting with Tris buffer resulted in an immediate (at 0 h) overall (combined over 

temperature) percentage of motile sperm of 64.8 ± 10.7 (mean ± SD), a score of progressive motility of 4.0 ± 0.5, a 

percentage of spermatozoa with intact plasma membrane of 64.4 ± 12.1 and intact acrosome of 44.8 ± 20.2. In conclusion, 

frozen cat semen can be thawed either at 37 or 70°C and post-thaw dilution is recommended to reduce the toxic effect of 

some ingredients in the extender during post-thaw incubation. © 2008 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2008 Blackwell 

Verlag. 

No.207 

Author (s) : Chatthong, B., Onjun, T., Singhsomroje, W. 

Title : Model for toroidal velocity in H-mode plasmas in the presence of internal transport barriers 

Source : Nuclear Fusion, Volume 50, Issue 6, 2010, Article number 064009 


Keywords : Density profile, Empirical approach, Flow shear, Internal transport barriers, Ion temperature, Model-based, Nclass, 

Neoclassical transport, Plasma currents, Predictive modelling, Root mean square errors, Semi-empirical, Statistical 

analysis, Time evolutions, Transport models, Velocity model; Electric discharges, Models, Plasmas, Velocity; Computer 

simulation 

Abstract : A model for predicting toroidal velocity in H-mode plasmas in the presence of internal transport barriers (ITBs) is developed 

using an empirical approach. In this model, it is assumed that the toroidal velocity is directly proportional to the local ion 

temperature. This model is implemented in the BALDUR integrated predictive modelling code so that simulations of ITB 

plasmas can be carried out self-consistently. In these simulations, a combination of a semi-empirical mixed Bohm/gyro-Bohm 

(mixed B/gB) core transport model that includes ITB effects and NCLASS neoclassical transport is used to compute a core 

transport. The boundary is taken to be at the top of the pedestal, where the pedestal values are described using a theorybased 

pedestal model based on a combination of magnetic and flow shear stabilization pedestal width scaling and an 

infinite-n ballooning pressure gradient model. The combination of the mixed B/gB core transport model with ITB effects, 

together with the pedestal and the toroidal velocity models, is used to simulate the time evolution of plasma current, 

temperature and density profiles of 10 JET optimized shear discharges. It is found that the simulations can reproduce an ITB 

formation in these discharges. Statistical analyses including root mean square error (RMSE) and offset are used to quantify the 

agreement. It is found that the averaged RMSE and offset among these discharges are about 24.59% and -0.14%, respectively. 

© 2010 IAEA, Vienna. 

No.208 

Author (s) : Chau-In, W., Hintong, T., Rodanant, O., Lekprasert, V., Punjasawadwong, Y., Charuluxananan, S., Tanudsintum, S. 

Title : Anesthesia-related complications of caesarean delivery in Thailand: 16,697 cases from the Thai anaesthesia incidents study 

Source : Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, 93 (11), pp. 1274-1283. 


Keywords : Anesthesia; Caesarean delivery; Cause; Complications; Incidence 

Abstract : Background: Maternal complications related to anesthesia are low in comparison with the results from obstetric factors in 

developing countries. The purposes of the present study were to determine the incidence of maternal mortality related to 

anesthesia, to analyze the causes and to suggest measures to improve anesthetic safety for the parturients. Material and 

Method: The present study was part of a multi-center study conducted by the Royal College of Anesthesiologists of Thailand 

aimed at surveillance of anesthesia-related complications in Thailand. The authors conducted a prospective survey of 

hospital records from all of the cases in and outside the operating room receiving general anesthesia in 18 centers between 

March 1, 2003 and February 28, 2004. All the forms were checked and verified by three-peer review then included in the 

analysis, using descriptive statistics. Results: Sixteen thousand six hundred ninety seven cases were included. The incidence of 

anesthetic complication in parturients was 35.9:10,000 (95% CI 27.4, 46.1). Incidence of the four most common anesthetic 

related adverse events in caesarean section were desaturation 13.8 (95% CI 8.7, 20.7), cardiac arrest 10.2 (95% CI 5.9, 16.3), 

awareness 6.6 (95% CI 3.3, 11.8), and death related anesthesia 4.8 (95% CI 2.17, 9.4). Of these, seven (17.5%) had 

76


preeclampsia/eclampsia and 46 (76.7%) presented for emergency caesarean delivery. General anesthesia was used in 41 

patients (68.4%) and spinal in eighteen (30%). There were eight maternal deaths including five with general anesthesia, giving 

a case fatality rate of 0.1% of general anesthetics or 0.3% of caesarean deliveries. Conclusion: The authors found that 

inexperience, inadequate knowledge, inadequate care, and patient conditions were the major contributory factors. Most of 

them were preventable and correctable. Additional training and quality assurance can improve and prevent these serious 

adverse events. 

No.209 

Author (s) : Cha-Um, S., Yooyongwech, S., Supaibulwatana, K. 

Title : Water deficit stress in the reproductive stage of four Indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes 

Source : Pakistan Journal of Botany, Volume 42, Issue 5, October 2010, Pages 3387-3398 


Keywords : Oryza sativa 

Abstract : Relative water content (RWC) in the leaf of different rice cultivars dropped significantly in relation to reduced soil water 

content (SWC), especially in PT1 and IR20. In contrast, the proline content in the leaf-blade and leaf-sheath increased when 

plants were subjected to 7% SWC. The RWC was positively related to chlorophyll degradation. Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, 

total chlorophyll, total carotenoids, maximum quantum yield of PSII, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency in rice 

grown under water-deficit conditions declined significantly in comparison to the control group, leading to a reduction in netphotosynthetic 

rate. In addition, when exposed to water-deficit, panicle length and fertile grains in KDML105 and NSG19 were 

stabilized, leading to greater productivity than in PT1 and IR20. These data were utilized as effective criteria for the 

classification of water-deficit tolerance. From the results, KDML105 and NSG19 were identified as water deficit-tolerant, and 

PT1 and IR20 as water deficit-susceptible. 

No.210 

Author (s) : Chaveepojnkamjorn, W., Pichainarong, N. 

Title : Factors associated with alcohol consumption among male high school students in central Thailand 



Keywords : Alcohol consumption; Associated factors; High school students; Thailand 

Abstract : A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore factors associated with alcohol consumption among male high school 

students in central Thailand. Five thousand one hundred eighty-four male students from central Thailand were classified into 

2 groups according to alcohol consumption during the past year (yes = 916, no = 4,268). Data were collected by an 

anonymous self-reporting questionnaire which consisted of 2 parts: socio-demographic factors and alcohol drinking behavior 

during the previous year from December 2007 to February 2008. Descriptive statistics, a chi-square test and multiple logistic 

regression were used to analyze the data. Seventeen point seven percent of male high school students in this study reported 

consuming alcohol. Most of the students (73.4%) were 15 years old or younger. Univariate analysis revealed sociodemographic 

factors, such as age, educational level, residence, cohabitants, grade point average (GPA), having a job earning 

money and having family members with alcohol/drug problems were significantly associated with alcohol consumption (p 



Keywords : Migraine; Mri; Vascular 

Abstract : The objective of the present study was to demonstrate MRI evidence of vascular compromise as seen in a 17-year- old 

female presenting with migrainous headache. The patient had been experiencing migrainous headache 2 days ago. She had 

visual auras lasting for a few hours before the attack. Upon meeting with her physician she indicated symptoms of left sided 

numbness during the headache. No neurological deficit was detected when the first MRI was performed, and all of her 

symptoms resolved within 4 days of the attack. The MRI study showed a focal area of restricted diffusion at the right visual 

cortex. A short segment of vascular enhancement was noted on the surface of the affected gyrus. MRS showed a normal Nacetyl 

aspartate, choline, and creatine with no elevation of lactate. A follow-up MRI study 5 months later showed normal 

finding with no residual lesion. The authors concluded that the abnormality on the first MRI was the ischemic insult of the 

ictal visual cortex which was transient during the migraine attack. The pathophysiology was more likely from reversible focal 

venous congestion. 

No.212 

Author (s) : Chawalparit, O.; Witthiwej, T.; Itthimethin, P.; Sangruchi, T.; Tanboon, J.; Siritho, S.; Prayoonwiwat, N. 

Title : Atypical advanced MRI in tumifactive MS: Three case reports 

Source : MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, Volume: 16, Issue: 10, Pages: 1296-1296, Published: OCT 2010 




No.213 

Author (s) : Chawalparit, O. 

Title : MRI of Multiple Sclerosis in Thailand 

Source : MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, Volume: 16, Issue: 2, Pages: 256-256, Published: FEB 2010 




No.214 

Author (s) : Chawanpaiboon, S., Cheunwattana, P. 

Title : Reference centile chart for fetal nuchal translucency, maternal serum PAPP-A and free beta hCG 



Keywords : Free beta-hCG; Nuchal translucency; PAPP-A; Pregnancy associated plasma protein-A; Reference centile chart; Serum free 

beta human chorionic gonadotropin 

Abstract : Objective: To create reference centile chart of fetal nuchal translucency, maternal serum pregnancy associated plasma 

protein-A (PAPP-A) and maternal serum free beta human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) in order to predict preliminarily 

Down syndrome in Thai fetuses during 10-14 weeks of gestation. Material and Method: This was a prospective, descriptive 

cohort study. From 1 January 2004 to 31 December, 2006, a total of 1,000 pregnant women during 10-14 weeks of gestation 

were participated in the present study. Pregnancy outcomes were reviewed from the records. The excluded cases were 

chromosomal and major structural abnormalities, twin pregnancy and cases resulting in miscarriage or intrauterine death. All 

women had a scan for nuchal translucency (NT) and had blood taken for measurement of maternal serum PAPP-A and free 

beta-hCG level. Results: The mean NT was 1.6 ± 0.8 mm (range 0.3-14 mm). The 5 th, 50th and 95th centile of PAPP-A and 

free beta-hCG during 11-14 weeks of gestation were 1.54-69, 14-28, 51-57 and 24.8-17, 78-47, 181.6-126.5 mIU/ mL, 

respectively. The distribution and the 5% and 95%, lower and upper limits of NT, PAPP-A and free betah-CG was presented. 

Conclusion: The present study shows that NT measurements increase with increasing gestational age. The mean serum PAPP- 

A rises and the mean serum-free beta hCG decreases from 10 to 14 weeks of gestation in normal Thai fetuses. These results 

can be used for reference value to predict fetal Down Syndrome. 

No.215 

Author (s) : Chawanpaiboon, S., Kanjana, P.B.N. 

78


Title : Bacterial vaginosis in threatened preterm, preterm and term labour 



Keywords : Bacterial vaginosis; Preterm labor; Term labor; Threatened preterm labor 

Abstract : Objective: To present the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in threatened preterm, preterm, and term labor and results after 

treatment. Material and Method: Forty-four, 50, and 56 pregnant women with threatened preterm, preterm, and term labor, 

respectively were participated. Bacterial vaginosis was diagnosed by Amsel's criteria. Treatment by metronidazole or 

clindamycin was used. A case record form recorded maternal age, obstetric history, gestational age at admission and delivery, 

examination data, the route of delivery, and the newborn birth weight and conditions. Results: The patients in threatened 

preterm labor group had significantly positive bacterial vaginosis when compared to those in the term labor group. 

Conclusion: Prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in threatened preterm, preterm, and term labor were presented. The prevalence 

of bacterial vaginosis in both preterm labor groups was higher than in the term labor group. 

No.216 

Author (s) : Chayarop, K.; Temsiririrkkul, R.; Peungvicha, P.; Wongkrajang, Y.; Chuakul, W.; Amnuoypol, S. 

Title : Anti-diabetic activity of Pseuderanthemum palatiferum Radlk. leaf aqueous extract 





No.217 

Author (s) : Cheah, P.Y., Lwin, K.M., Phaiphun, L., Maelankiri, L., Parker, M., Day, N.P., White, N.J., Nosten, F. 

Title : Community engagement on the Thai-Burmese border: rationale, experience and lessons learnt 

Source : International Health, Volume 2, Issue 2, June 2010, Pages 123-129 


Keywords : Border population; Community; Community advisory board; Community engagement; Ethics; Migrants 

Abstract : Community engagement is increasingly promoted in developing countries, especially in international health research, but 

there is little published experience. The Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU) conducts research with refugees, migrant 

workers, displaced people, and day migrants on the Thai-Burmese border, and has recently facilitated the set up of the Tak 

Province Border Community Ethics Advisory Board (T-CAB). Valuable lessons have been learnt from consultation with the T- 

CAB especially in the area of participant recruitment and the informed consent process. A lot of new research questions have 

emerged from consultation with the T-CAB. This paper describes our experience, lessons learnt and the unique challenges 

faced working with the T-CAB from its initial conception to date. We conclude that consultation with the T-CAB has made 

improvements in our research in particular operational and ethical aspects of our studies. © 2010 Royal Society of Tropical 

Medicine and Hygiene. 

No.218 

Author (s) : Cheamvarasart, K., Supapongpichate, R. 

Title : The development of potentials on knowledge management for healthy city management of local government organizations 

Source : Kasetsart Journal - Social Sciences, Volume 31, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 40-52 


Keywords : Healthy city; Knowledge management; Local government organization 

Abstract : This article presents the research results of the development of potential on knowledge management for healthy city 

management of Local Government Organization, using mixed methodology with qualitative and quantitative research. For this 

research, the researcher developed and used the curriculum to train 45 officers performing duty on healthy city management 

in 15 Local Government Organizations in Nakom Pathom Province. The results of developing potential on knowledge 

management for healthy city management of Local Government Organization were as follows: The training participants had 

more knowledge and better attitude towards knowledge management for healthy city development. The training participants 

could suitably apply knowledge and skills on knowledge management for healthy city management in the Local Government 

Organizations. The important issue found in this research is that the Local Government Organization is the state agency which 

has important role in developing the country and has closest relation with community. Therefore, it is necessary for the 

79


organization to use various knowledge and develop its potential at all times. However, continuous development in any 

aspect of the Local Government Organization must be clearly specified in the agency policy or plan. 

No.219 

Author (s) : Chearskul, S., Pummoung, S., Vongsaiyat, S., Janyachailert, P., Phattharayuttawat, S. 

Title : Thai version of Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire 

Source : Appetite, Volume 54, Issue 2, April 2010, Pages 410-413 


Keywords : Diet; Eating behaviors; Exercise; Self-esteem; Stress; TFEQ 

Abstract : The English version of Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) was translated into the Thai language. The TFEQ Thai version 

shows good internal consistency and test-retest reliabilities. Restraint and disinhibition scores, which were higher in females 

than males were correlated with body fat but did not relate to BMI. Disinhibition varied positively with restraint and hunger 

while restraint was negatively associated with hunger. Lowest restraint was shown in the group that reported liking 

carbohydrate, which is a major daily macronutrient among Thai populations. TFEQ Thai version is valid for future study of 

eating behaviors associated with health problems and diseases. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.220 

Author (s) : Cheausuwantavee, T., Nookaew, S., Cheausuwantavee, C. 

Title : Research on disability in Thailand: Meta-analysis and qualitative analysis 

Source : International Journal of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, Volume 5, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 311-321 


Keywords : Disability; Meta-analysis; Rehabilitation; Research synthesis 

Abstract : This study aimed to synthesize the researches regarding disabilities in Thailand in which had been done during 1997-2009 and 

then those were analyzed by meta-analysis and content analysis. The target researches were collected both electronic 

database and hard documents that were available in the main 7 libraries of public universities in Thailand. The 264 

researches meeting inclusion criteria were undertaken and analyzed by content analysis. While, there were only 109 articles 

of total researches meeting criteria were analyzed by meta-analysis. The results showed that, in terms of the content analysis, 

the majority of researches were unpublished thesis produced during 2001-2006, quantitative studies with descriptive statistics, 

educational and social focus, conducted with small sample size and non-probability sampling without statistical calculation. 

The principal researchers were usually lecturers. The validity and reliability of instruments were usually measured by 

specialist and non-specified method respectively. In addition, in terms of meta-analysis, the correlation coefficient (r) of 109 

researches was small (0.22). Multiple regression analysis indicated that the particular variables of study features accounted for 

46 percent of variation in their correlation coefficients. The best predictors were consisted of 9 variables including 1) 

experimental or quasi-research design(0.31), 2)independent variable as intelligence(0.22), 3) dependent variable as education 

(0.16), 4) reliability measurement of instrument as Conbach's alpha(0.13), 5) independent variable as socio-economy and 

environment (0.07), 6) master degree thesis (0.06), 7) validity measurement of instrument as specialist consensus(0.06), 8) 

descriptive research design(0.04), and 9) year of research completion (0.02) respectively. These research findings suggest that 

according to most variables studied have been low relationship and ineffectively selected, thus rigorous researches on 

disabilities in Thailand need to be done for identifying the further predictable variables. Additionally, some variables that 

have large correlation coefficients such as teaching and learning model also need to be applied for persons with disabilities in 

actual settings. © Common Ground, Tavee Cheausuwantavee, Sripair Nookaew, Chommanad Cheausuwantavee, All Rights 

Reserved. 

No.221 

Author (s) : Cheeveewattanagul, N., Jirasripongpun, K., Jirakanjanakit, N., Wattanakaroon, W. 

Title : Carrier design for astaxanthin delivery 

Source : Advanced Materials Research, Volume 93-94, 2010, Pages 202-205 


Keywords : Antioxidant; Carrier design; Delivery 

Abstract : Astaxanthin is a natural carotenoid pigment with powerful antioxidant capacity which has been reported for beneficial effects 

on human health to prevent cancers and anti-degenerative diseases. Bioavailability of astaxanthin is however limited due to 

insoluble and instable properties of its lipophilic nature. This study describes the cytotoxicity and astaxanthin delivery using a 

80


surfactant (tween 80) and penetration enhancers (methyl β-cyclodextrin and liposome) to enhance astaxanthin bioavailability 

in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. Toxicity of tween 80 and methyl β-cyclodextrin increased with concentration. 

Liposome did not alter cell viability relative to untreated controls, regardless of concentration tested. Cellular uptake among 

delivery vehicles was compared at 24 hours and was found to be higher than that of astaxanthin without a vehicle. The 

cellular uptake rate was highest when liposome was used as the delivery vehicle. This finding aids in the development of 

design criteria for vehicles for delivery of antioxidants to cells. © (2010) Trans Tech Publications. 

No.222 

Author (s) : Chen, Z.-Y., Wang, L., Asavaritkrai, P., Noguchi, C.T. 

Title : Up-regulation of erythropoietin receptor by nitric oxide mediates hypoxia preconditioning 

Source : Journal of Neuroscience Research, Volume 88, Issue 14, 1 November 2010, Pages 3180-3188 


Keywords : Erythropoietin; Hypoxia; Neuroprotection; Nitric oxide; Receptor expression 

Abstract : Erythropoietin (Epo), known to stimulate erythroid progenitor cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation, has been shown 

to be neuroprotective against brain ischemia in animal models. Both Epo and Epo receptor (EpoR) are expressed in the brain 

and are up-regulated by hypoxia. Brain Epo signaling can stimulate neural cell survival and prevent neuron apoptosis. 

Neurons from EpoR null mice exhibit marked increased sensitivity to hypoxia. In endothelial cells, Epo has been shown to 

stimulate nitric oxide (NO) production, particularly at low pO2. We found here that the EpoR expression on neural cells and 

Epo's neuroprotective effect were regulated by NO. Hypoxia increased NO production as well as EpoR expression, and 

inhibition of NOS activity reduced the proportion of EpoR-expressing neurons induced at low pO2. Conversely, addition of NO 

donor to cultures grown under normoxia induced EpoR. Similarly, NO donor increased EpoR promoter activity in a reporter 

gene assay, suggesting that NO regulates EpoR at the transcription level. Preincubation of neurons with NO results in induction 

of EpoR, which gives rise to protection against hypoxia even in the absence of exogenous Epo, although at high concentration 

NO is toxic. These data provide evidence of a role for NO in Epo activity in brain and suggest links between NO production, 

EpoR expression, and Epo signaling in neuroprotection. Published 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 

No.223 

Author (s) : Chen, S. A.; Hiley, C.; Petusksiri, J.; Andic, F.; Riesterer, O.; Torres, M. 

Title : Influence of Breast Reconstruction on Postmastectomy Radiotherapy: Global Perceptions and Practice Patterns 

Source : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS, Volume: 78, Issue: 3, Supplement: S, Pages: S235- 

S236, Published: 2010 




No.224 

Author (s) : Chenprakhon, P., Sucharitakul, J., Panijpan, B., Chaiyen, P. 

Title : Measuring binding affinity of protein-ligand interaction using spectrophotometry: Binding of neutral red to riboflavin-binding 

protein 

Source : Journal of Chemical Education, Volume 87, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 829-831 


Keywords : Bioanalytical Chemistry; Biochemistry; Hands-On Learning/Manipulatives; Laboratory instruction; Noncovalent 

interactions; Physical Chemistry; Proteins/peptides; Titration/volumetric analysis; Upper-division undergraduate; UV-Vis 

spectroscopy 

Abstract : The dissociation constant, Kd, of the binding of riboflavin-binding protein (RP) with neutral red (NR) can be determined by 

titrating RP to a fixed concentration of NR. Upon adding RP to the NR solution, the maximum absorption peak of NR shifts to 

545 nm from 450 nm for the free NR. The change of the absorption can be used to determine the Kd by plotting an 

absorbance ratio versus the concentration of free RP. The data are analyzed via a nonlinear fitting analysis to yield a Kd of 2.2 

± 0.3 × 10-6 mol L-1. This experiment illustrates how the Kd value can be determined and used to evaluate the strength of 

protein-ligand interactions. This experiment is appropriate for undergraduate students or first-year graduate students in 

biochemistry, chemistry, or physical chemistry. © 2010 The American Chemical Society and Division of Chemical Education, 

Inc. 

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No.225 

Author (s) : Cherdshewasart, W., Mahapanichkul, T., Boonchird, C. 

Title : Estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activities of the Thai traditional herb, Butea superba Roxb. 

Source : Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Volume 74, Issue 11, 2010, Pages 2176-2182 


Keywords : Antiestrogenic; Butea superba; Estrogen receptor; Phytoestrogen; Yeast estrogen screening 

Abstract : This study evaluated the estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities of native and in vitro hepatic metabolized tuberous extracts 

of wild Butea superba collected from 23 out of the 76 provinces in Thailand by yeast estrogen screening (YES). The YES 

screen used consisted of the human estrogen receptors hERa and hERβ and the human transcriptional intermediary factor 2 

or human steroid receptor coactivator 1, respectively, together with the β-galactosidase expression cassette as the reporter. 

The relative potency, effectiveness and relative inductive efficiency were evaluated by determining the β-galactosidase 

activity (EC50) of each tuberous extract in relation to that induced by 17β-estradiol. Six pure compounds isolated from B. 

superba were tested in parallel and exhibited a maximum relative potency compared to 17β-estradiol of 15.5% and 5.27% in 

the respective hERa and hERβ assays. Eighteen and seventeen plant extracts were respectively found to interact with the 

hERa and hERβ receptors in the YES assays with higher relative potency and relative inductive efficiency with hERβ than with 

hERa. The selected plant extracts tested exhibited antiestrogenic activity. Coincubation with the rat liver S9 mixture also 

elevated the estrogenic potency of these plant extracts. 

No.226 

Author (s) : Cherdshewasart, W., Sutjit, W., Pulcharoen, K., Chulasiri, M. 

Title : Mutagenic and antimutagenic effects of the traditional herb used for treating erectile dysfunction, Butea superba Roxb. 

Source : Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Volume 74, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 923-927 


Keywords : Ames test; Antimutagenic effect; Butea superba; Flavonoid; Micronucleus test 

Abstract : Butea superba is a traditional tuberous Thai plant enriched with flavonoids that is used for treating erectile dysfunction. We 

investigated the mutagenic and antimutagenic potentials of a B. superba extract by using the pre-incubation method of the 

Ames test. Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 98 and TA 100 were applied as the tester strains in the presence and absence 

of an S9 mixture. Prior to the mutagenic and antimutagenic tests, the survival of the tester strains was measured by treating 

with the B. superba extract. The results show that the B. superba extract exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxic effects. Data 

from the Ames test revealed that the B. superba extract to be non-mutagenic in the presence and absence of the S9 mixture. 

In contrast, the B. superba extract showed antimutagenic potential towards either or both of the tested mutagens: 2-(2-furyl)- 

3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-acrylamide (AF-2) and benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) in the respective presence and absence of the S9 mixture, 

respectively. The plant antimutagenic activity was confirmed by a rec assay. A further study by micronucleus test 

demonstrated that the B. superba extract at the maximum loading volume could induce acute micronucleus formation in the 

tested animals. The in vitro mutagenic and antimutagenic assays confirmed the safe consumption of B. superba products at 

low dose (not more than 781.25μg/ml of the plant extract), but the in vivo genotoxic assay demonstrated the unsafe 

consumption at a high dose (300 mg/kg of the BW plant extract or 16 g/kg of the BW plant powder). 

No.227 

Author (s) : Chetsawang, B., Chetsawang, J., Govitrapong, P. 

Title : Hydrogen peroxide toxicity induces Ras signaling in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cultured cells 

Source : Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Volume 2010, 2010, Article number 803815 


Keywords : guanosine 5' o (2 thiodiphosphate), hydrogen peroxide, n [[5 [(2 amino 3 mercaptopropyl)amino][1,1' biphenyl] 2 

yl]carbonyl]methionine methyl ester, Ras protein; article, cell culture, cell viability, cytotoxicity, dopaminergic nerve 

cell, human, human cell, nerve cell degeneration, neuroblastoma cell; Animals, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Survival, Dose- 

Response Relationship, Drug, Humans, Hydrogen Peroxide, Neuroblastoma, ras Proteins, Signal Transduction 

Abstract : It has been reported that overproduction of reactive oxygen species occurs after brain injury and mediates neuronal cells 

degeneration. In the present study, we examined the role of Ras signaling on hydrogen peroxide-induced neuronal cells 

degeneration in dopaminergic neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Hydrogen peroxide significantly reduced cell viability in SH-SY5Y 

cultured cells. An inhibitor of the enzyme that catalyzes the farnesylation of Ras proteins, FTI-277, and a competitive inhibitor 

82


of GTP-binding proteins, GDP-beta-S significantly decreased hydrogen peroxide-induced reduction in cell viability in SH-SY5Y 

cultured cells. The results of this study might indicate that a Ras-dependent signaling pathway plays a role in hydrogen 

peroxide-induced toxicity in neuronal cells. Copyright 2010 Jirapa Chetsawang et al. 

No.228 

Author (s) : Chetsawang, B.; Parameyong, A.; Suwanjang, W.; Govitrapong, P. 

Title : METHAMPHETAMINE INDUCES TOXICITY AND ALTERATION IN MITOCHONDRIAL FISSION PROTEIN LEVELS IN NEUROBLASTOMA 

SH-SY-5Y CULTURED CELLS 





No.229 

Author (s) : Cheunsuchon, B.; Incharoen, P.; Chanchairujira, T.; Shayakul, C. 

Title : Macrophage in Lupus Nephritis: Can It Be a Predictor of Treatment Response? 

Source : MODERN PATHOLOGY, Volume: 23, Supplement: 1, Pages: 338A-338A, Meeting Abstract: 1508, Published: FEB 2010 




No.230 

Author (s) : Chiaravutthi, Y. 

Title : Brand valuation of ICT products: The case of Thailand 

Source : Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, Volume 2, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 185-202 


Keywords : Brand equity; Communication technologies; Prices; Thailand 

Abstract : Purpose The paper aims to adopt the hedonic price approach to quantify the brand equity of information and 

communication technology (ICT) products, narrowed down to laptop computers, laser printers, liquid crystal display 

computer screens, and mobile phones. Design/methodology/approach The hedonic price model features the list price as the 

dependent variable of the regression, whilst the measurable attributes of the product and brand dummies are on the righthand 

side. Additionally, the model can be adjusted to measure brand effects on profit margins as well. Findings In most of 

the price and log price models, brand dummies are significant, and positively linked to the consumers' willingness to pay. 

Nevertheless, amongst the four ICT products in this study, only the laptop brands show positive values. Negative but 

significant brand dummies suggest that brands are undoubtedly important; however, other features exhibit higher value to 

consumers. Research limitations/implications As is the case with other financial approaches to valuing brands, the results do 

not explain how to exploit those values; rather, it identifies the brand's position as measured against other brands. Practical 

implications Negative brand premiums imply that brand loyalty is not strong in the market, and that the opportunity exists for 

a new brand's penetration. The construction of brand premium rankings should prove beneficial to firms who wish to 

evaluate their current position against other competitors. Regarding the products' features, the results suggest that consumers 

generally focus their decision to purchase a particular brand on its basic or core features. Originality/value The paper 

proposes another approach to assessing brand equity, namely, in terms of both price and profit margin premiums. Though 

imperfect, the hedonic methodology is relatively simple and relies on available secondary data. © 2010 Emerald Group 

Publishing Limited. All rights reserved. 

No.231 

Author (s) : Chierakul, N., Danchaivijitr, S., Kontee, P., Naruman, C. 

Title : Reliability and validity of long case and short case in internal medicine board certification examination 

Source : Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, Volume 93, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 424-428 


Keywords : Board certifying examination; Internal medicine; Long case; Short case 

83


Abstract : Objective: To be certified for the Thai Board of Internal Medicine, each candidate must pass both written and clinical 

examinations performed in different academic years. The present study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the long 

case and short case which contribute major fractions in the clinical part of board certifying examination. Material and Method: 

Data from 585 internal medicine residents entering a first-attempt clinical part in board certifying examination during the 

academic year 2005-2007 were collected. Inter-rater reliability and construct validity of the long case and short case were 

then examined. Results: Good to excellent intraclass correlation (ICC) of scores from different examiners was demonstrated 

(ICC between 0.71 and 0.97) and the variation ranged from 15.3 to 27.3%. For different occasions of examination, class 

normalized gain was between -0.7 and -9.0% and negative individual normalized gain was observed in 45.6% to 48.2% of the 

candidates. Conclusion: Acceptable inter-rater reliability was demonstrated in long case and short case in clinical examination 

for the Thai Board of Internal Medicine. But construct validity for this type of clinical assessment was not established. 

No.232 

Author (s) : Chiewvit, P., Tritakarn, S.-O., Nanta-aree, S., Suthipongchai, S. 

Title : Degree of midline shift from CT scan predicted outcome in patients with head injuries 



Keywords : CT scan; Degree of midline shifted; Glasglow coma score; Head injury 

Abstract : Objective: To evaluate the relationship between the degree of midline shift by Computed Tomography (CT) finding and 

Glasglow Coma Score (GCS) as a predictive of clinical outcome in patients after head injury. Method and Method: The present 

study was performed by retrospectively reviewing 216 consecutive cases of traumatic head injury admitted to the trauma 

center in Siriraj Hospital from 1999 until 2004. All patients were evaluated for level of consciousness by a neurosurgeon 

determining by GCS and underwent CT brain for evaluation of intracranial hemorrhage and midline shift. The final clinical 

outcome was also divided into two groups; good outcome for the patients who recovered well with moderate disability and 

the poor outcome for the patients who suffered severe disability, vegetative status and death. Then, the authors compared 

midline shift vs. GCS and midline shift vs. clinical outcomes. Results: Total of 216 cases, the three most common types of 

head injury were motorcycle accident, fall or assault and car accident. 96 of 216 patients had midline shifting, 53 of 96 

patients had CT scan of midline shifting less than 10 mm whereas 37 of 96 patients had a CT scan of greater than 10 mm of 

midline shifting. 63.3% with midline shifting up to 10 mm had severe head injury and up to 81% with brain shifting greater 

than 10 mm had severe head injury. The clinical outcome also showed that poor clinical outcomes correlated to midline 

shifting greater than 10 mm. Conclusion: The increased degree of midline shift in patients with head injuries by CT scan was 

related to the severity of head injury (GCS = 3-12) and was significantly related to poor final clinical outcome. 

No.233 

Author (s) : Chiewvit, S., Phasuk, S., Surapako, S., Juiklom, W., Chiewvit, P. 

Title : Screening may not be accurate word to represent the cases submitted to PET/CT evaluation for primary tumor in a patient 

who has abnormal serum tumor marker 



Keywords : Rising tumor marker; Screening 18F FDG PET/CT 

Abstract : Objective: Determine the value of PET/CT in unknown primary cancer patient with high tumor marker and negative study for 

clinical and conventional imaging. Material and Method: A retrospective database review of 417 patients who received PET/CT 

between July 2006 and August 2007 in National cyclotron and PET center at Chulabhorn cancer center was done. Patients 

were included in this study if the diagnosis were unknown primary cancer and rising tumor marker. Twelve patients were 

included in this study. Data included age, gender, tumor marker rising, anatomical imaging finding (CT and MRI), PET finding 

and clinical follow-up. Results: Nine cases had normal PET/CT. This showed that PET/CT does not get more information than 

conventional imaging. The PET scan showed positive in three cases, #5, #6 and #10. Two cases were false positive, #5 and #6. 

Case #5 had clinical follow-up for one year and revealed to be normal. Case #6 PET showed markedly glucose avid lesion at 

tumor thrombus but contrast CT confirm blood clot and the patient was treat with wafarin and claxane. The follow-up 

clinical showed improvement. The high serum CA 125 explained by lung infarction caused the false positive. In case#10, the 

PET/CT suggested lung cancer at basal segment of LLL. Conclusion: Screening 18F FDG PET/CT is not appropriate in unknown 

primary with rising tumor marker and normal conventional imaging is required. 

84


No.234 

Author (s) : Chimsuntorn, S., Sungkanuparph, S., Manosuthi, W. 

Title : Successful viral suppression with subsequent efavirenz-based regimen in HIV-1-infected patients who stop nevirapine prior to 

discontinuation of the NRTI backbone 

Source : Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care, Volume 9, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 43-45 


Keywords : Allergy; Efavirenz; Efficacy; Nevirapine; Thailand 

Abstract : Objective: To study antiviral response of efavirenz (EFV)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-1-infected patients who had 

previously discontinued nevirapine (NVP) and continued the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) backbone for 7 

to 14 days after stopping NVP. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in patients who discontinued NVP. CD4 

count and plasma HIV-1 RNA levels were monitored through 48 weeks of EFV-based regimen. Results: Forty-five patients were 

eligible with a mean ± SD age of 37 ± 11 years; 60% were males. Median (interquartile range [IQR]) baseline CD4 count was 43 

(19-150) cells/mm3 and median (IQR) plasma HIV-1 RNA was 5.7 (5.3-5.9) log copies/mL. Median (IQR) duration from stopping 

NVP to initiating EFV was 13 (7-18) days. At 48 week, 33 (73.3%) of 45 patients achieved plasma HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/mL. 

At week 12, 24, and 48, median CD4 counts were 193, 238, and 268 cells/mm3, respectively (P <.05). No studied risk factor 

was associated with achieving HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/mL at 48 weeks (P >.05). Conclusion: The strategy of extended short 

half-life NRTIs in the regimen after discontinuation of NVP is justified. © The Author(s) 2010. 

No.235 

Author (s) : Ching, L.Y., Möller, K., Suthakorn, J. 

Title : Non-radiological colonoscope tracking: Image guided colonoscopy using commercially available electromagnetic tracking 

system 

Source : 2010 IEEE Conference on Robotics, Automation and Mechatronics, RAM 2010, 2010, Article number 5513213, Pages 62-67 


Keywords : Colonoscope tracking; Conolonoscopy; Electromagnetic tracking; Image guided intervention; Surgical navigation 

Abstract : A non-radiological method of visualizing the path of a colonoscope using a chain of electromagnetic sensor coils along the 

biopsy channel of the instrument has been developed. The electromagnetic imaging system has been introduced as an aid to 

colonoscopy, and reveals a great potential for assisting endoscopists. There is an existing model available on the market by 

Olympus, ScopeGuide; however, due to cost consideration and other factors concerned, some hospitals may not want to 

replace existing instruments. This paper discusses about the possibility of using a commercially available electromagnetic 

tracking system, the Northern Digital Aurora system and presents a simple algorithm employed to find a representation of the 

colonoscope path. A possibility of reducing the amount of sensor coils used in existing model is also discussed. The visual 

guidance is expected to provide the user with a sense of assurance, which is often missing in the navigation of colonoscope. 

The work may be useful in locating the exact position when a lesion is found during the procedure, and to identify a loop 

when it is formed. It may also be useful as a navigational aid in colonoscopy training and teaching purposes. ©2010 IEEE. 

No.236 

Author (s) : Chinsakchai, K., Wongwanit, C., Ruangsetakit, C., Mutirangura, P. 

Title : Successful treatment in superior mesenteric artery embolism: A case report and literature review 

Source : Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, Volume 93, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 739-744 


Keywords : Acute intestinal ischemia; Embolectomy; Embolism; Intestinal gangrene; Superior mesenteric artery 

Abstract : The authors report a successful management of acute superior mesenteric artery embolism in a patient during the treatment 

of popliteal artery embolism. The diagnosis of this disease was confirmed by computerized tomographic angiography. 

Immediate surgical embolectomy and bowel resection were performed and postoperatively, he made an uneventful recovery 

except for minimal watery diarrhea for one week. In the present report the authors also review the inpatient records at 

Siriraj Hospital during 2005-2009 consisting of 14 cases with the claim diagnosis of this condition. Most of the patients 

developed peritonism on abdominal examinations showing a delay in diagnosis. The mortality rate was 86% (12 cases) which 

was higher than international reports. It is important to note that patients presenting with abdominal pain with underlying risk 

factors of arterial embolism is the clue in early diagnosis of this condition. CTA mesenteric artery is the most appropriate 

investigation to visualize the presence of embolism. Finally, immediate revascularization treatment is essential in the 

successful management of this fatal vascular problem. 

85


No.237 

Author (s) : Chintrakarn, P., Prasatkitjaroen, P. 

Title : Reassessing the determinants of international stock market correlation 

Source : International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, Volume 60, December 2010, Pages 7-14 


Keywords : Cross-border portfolio investment; Equity flows; Gravity model; Home bias; Information asymmetries 

Abstract : The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of international stock market correlation by applying the gravity 

model where the roles of distance and overlapping opening hours are of key interest in this study. Based on the work of 

Flavin, Hurley, & Rousseau (2002), we utilize a dynamic gravity model, the findings herein confirm the importance of 

overlapping hour variable as the main determinant of international stock markets correlation. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 


No.238 

Author (s) : Chiowchanwisawakit, P.; Lambert, R.G.W.; Maksymowych, W.P. 

Title : FAT INFILTRATION IN SPONDYLOARTHRITIS: AN IMAGING BIOMARKER REFLECTING RESOLUTION OF INFLAMMATION 

Source : CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RHEUMATOLOGY, Volume: 28, Issue: 4, Pages: 636-636, Published: JUL-AUG 2010 




No.239 

Author (s) : Chirdkiatgumchai, V., Ruangdaraganon, N., Roongpraiwan, R., Sombuntham, T., Rojmahamongkol, P., Prasertchai, R. 

Title : Thai parental perception of the etiology of autism spectrum disorders with an emphasis on genetics 

Source : ASIAN BIOMEDICINE, Volume: 4, Issue: 5, Pages: 773-779, Published: OCT 2010 


Keywords : Autism spectrum disorders; etiology; genetics; multi-factorial; parental perception; Thai 

Abstract : Background: More than 90% of cases of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are idiopathic and are multi-factorial inheritant in 

etiology. Although parental perceptions of ASDs etiologies including genetics have been investigated well in western 

countries, there is no study regarding Asian parental perspectives on the genetic etiology of ASDs. Objectives: Examine what 

Thai parents perceived to be the etiology of ASDs with particular focus on the role of genetics, and analyze the correlation 

between demographics of parents and the perception of genetics as an etiology of ASDs. Methods: Children diagnosed with 

an ASD at Ramathibodi Hospital were recruited, and 328 questionnaires were mailed to their parents between February 1 and 

March 31, 2008. Based on 252 answers received, the perception of genetics as an etiology of ASDs was evaluated using 

univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Among 252 parents, 44.0% cited genetics, 52% cited other prenatal and perinatal 

factors such as stress and chemical exposure during pregnancy, 33% cited postnatal factors such as child rearing, child's 

viewing of television, and playing computer game as etiologies of ASDs. Parents' education, positive family history of ASDs, 

and positive family history of speech delay were all significantly associated with the perception of genetics as an etiology of 

ASDs. Conclusions: Less than half of Thai parents cited genetics as an etiology of ASDs. This finding alerts medical 

professionals to spend more time and effort to educate and counsel parents. 

No.240 

Author (s) : Chittasirinuwat, O., Kruatong, T., Paosawatyanyong, B. 

Title : College students' intuitive understanding and problem-solving of energy and momentum 

Source : AIP Conference Proceedings, Volume 1263, 2010, Pages 79-82 


Keywords : Conservation; Energy and Momentum; Gauss gun; Problem-Solving Thinking 

Abstract : This study addresses students' intuitive understanding of energy and momentum and their problem solving ability. The 

subjects of this research were students who had experiences with conservation of energy and momentum. Nine 

undergraduate students completed event-based Interviews with three related events which composed of Event I: Simple 

collisions, Event II: Newton's cradle and Event III: Gauss gun. Their intuitive understanding was explored through three welldefined 

items involving Event I and II. The interviews revealed that most students explained the two events by utilizing their 

intuitive understanding rather than scientific conceptions. Then problem-solving thinking was identified through ill-defined 

86


problems involving Event III. From the Gauss gun setting, students were asked to explain how Gauss gun works, how to build 

the highest power Gauss gun and interpret the graph of mass and distance of steel ball after collisions. Research findings 

showed that students who have fairly good command of basic knowledge, tended to use of problem solving strategies as 

expected. For example, a student who understood the perfectly transferring energy and momentum of the equal mass of 

balls, was able to identify the possible factors for design more effective Gauss gun reasonably. However, most of the students 

were unable to use suitable vocabulary in providing reasons and explanations for certain problem-solving procedures. Thus, 

lacking basic knowledge can impede problem-solving thinking. It is hope that these findings will serve as a reference for 

educators in improving the learning and teaching of energy and momentum in general and problem solving instruction in 

particular. © 2010 American Institute of Physics. 

No.241 

Author (s) : Choetkiertikul, M., Sunetnanta, T. 

Title : A risk assessment model for offshoring using CMMI quantitative approach 

Source : Proceedings - 5th International Conference on Software Engineering Advances, ICSEA 2010, 2010, Article number 5615709, 

Pages 331-336 


Keywords : Offshoring software development; Quantitative CMMI assessment; Risk analysis 

Abstract : Risk analysis and assessment obviously provides valuable insights to offshoring projects to identify and evaluate the 

magnitude of risks associated with the activities and the work products being considered. In offshoring software industry, 

successful execution of risk analysis drastically relies on strong software process skills and management skills to resolve the 

differences in cultures, languages, time zones, and development which are used across distributed project teams. One way to 

ease such differences is to provide a model which offers a rational and automated basis for quantifying and monitoring risks 

and providing specific decision-making guidance while maintaining the nature of offshoring in a distributed manner. This paper 

presents an extension of our previous model of quantitative CMMI assessment. We further apply the best practices from the 

Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) as a guideline for quantitative risk analysis in offshoring and using risk taxonomy 

from the Software Engineering Institute (SEI) Taxonomy-Based Risk Identification. This work aims to reduce the process 

overhead of risk assessment by automatically collecting data from the project management repository to adequately and 

appropriately determine the approximate level of risk in offshoring projects. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.242 

Author (s) : Chokchaisiri, R., Chaneiam, N., Svasti, S., Fucharoen, S., Vadolas, J., Suksamrarn, A. 

Title : Labdane diterpenes from the aerial parts of curcuma comosa enhance fetal hemoglobin production in an erythroid cell line 

Source : Journal of Natural Products, Volume 73, Issue 4, 23 April 2010, Pages 724-728 


Keywords : beta globin, cisplatin, coronarin e, curcucomosin a, curcucomosin b, curcucomosin c, enhanced green fluorescent 

protein, hemin, hemoglobin F, heptane derivative, isocoronarin d, labdane diterpene, plant extract, unclassified 

drug, villosin, zerumin; article, carbon nuclear magnetic resonance, cell viability, controlled study, Curcuma comosa, Curcuma 

longa, cytotoxicity, drug activity, drug isolation, drug structure, erythroid cell, human, human cell, protein expression, proton 

nuclear magnetic resonance; Curcuma, Diterpenes, Erythroid Cells, Fetal Hemoglobin, Green Fluorescent 

Proteins, Humans, K562 Cells, Molecular Structure, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular, Thailand; Curcuma comosa 

Abstract : Three new labdane diterpenes, curcucomosins A-C (1-3), four known labdane diterpenes, 4-7, and a known diarylheptanoid, 

8, were isolated from the aerial parts of Curcuma comosa. The structures of the new diterpenes were elucidated by 

spectroscopic data analysis. The fetal hemoglobin (Hb F) induction potency of the isolated compounds was examined using a 

K562 reporter cell line harboring the enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) gene under the control of a Gγ-globin 

promoter. Compound 6, isocoronarin D, exhibited the highest Hb F induction effect of 1.6-fold at 20 μM. © 2010 The 

American Chemical Society and American Society of Pharmacognosy. 

No.243 

Author (s) : Chokephaibulkit, K., Plipat, N., Yoksan, S., Phongsamart, W., Lappra, K., Chearskul, P., Chearskul, S., Wittawatmongkol, O., 

Vanprapar, N. 

Title : A comparative study of the serological response to Japanese encephalitis vaccine in HIV-infected and uninfected Thai 

children 

87


Source : Vaccine, Volume 28, Issue 20, 30 April 2010, Pages 3563-3566 


Keywords : HIV-exposed infants; Immunogenicity; Japanese encephalitis; Safety; Thailand; Vaccine 

Abstract : We report a prospective study of mouse brain derived inactivated Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine, given in 3-dose EPI 

program to human immune deficiency virus (HIV)-exposed Thai infants. 18 HIV-infected receiving antiretroviral therapy with 

median baseline CD4 of 33.1%, and 92 HIV-uninfected children were studied. All but one HIV-infected child seroconverted 

after the second dose. The geometric mean titers (GMTs) 3 months after the second and third doses in HIV-infected vs HIVuninfected 

children were 247 vs 938 (p = 0.022), and 2273 vs 24069 (p = 0.009), respectively. Urticaria or angioedema found in 

4% and 6% in HIV-infected and -uninfected children, respectively (p = 1.0). The vaccine was safe and immunogenic but 

antibody response in HIV-infected children was not as high as in uninfected children. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.244 

Author (s) : Chokephaibulkit, K., Sirivichayakul, C., Thisyakorn, U., Sabchareon, A., Pancharoen, C., Bouckenooghe, A., Gailhardou, S., Boaz, 

M., Feroldi, E. 

Title : Safety and immunogenicity of a single administration of live-attenuated japanese encephalitis vaccine in previously primed 2- 

to 5-year-olds and naive 12- to 24-month-olds: Multicenter randomized controlled trial 

Source : Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, Volume 29, Issue 12, December 2010, Pages 1111-1117 


Keywords : attenuated vaccines; hepatitis A vaccines; infant; Japanese encephalitis vaccines; preschool child; vaccination 

Abstract : Background: Safe and effective Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccines are needed to protect populations living in or visiting 

endemic areas. A live-attenuated JE-chimeric virus vaccine (JE-CV) has been developed with a single-dose regimen. Methods: 

In an open-label, crossover study, 100 children aged 2 to 5 years with a history of 2-dose primary vaccination with mousebrain 

derived inactivated JE vaccine according to the Thai Expanded Program for Immunization schedule, and 200 JE 

vaccination-naive 12- to 24-month-old toddlers were randomized 1:1 to receive JE-CV, containing 4 log10 plaque forming 

units, 1 month before or after hepatitis A control vaccine. Neutralizing antibody titers were assessed using PRNT50 (titers 

expressed in inverse of dilution) before and 28 days after JE-CV, and at months 7 and 12. Results: All 2- to 5-year-olds and 

96% of 12- to 24-month-olds were seroprotected (titer 10) 28 days after JE-CV administration, and geometric mean titers 

(GMT) (95% confidence interval) in these age groups were 2634 (1928-3600) and 281 (219-362), respectively. One year later, 

seroprotection rates in the 2 age groups were 97% and 84% and GMTs were 454 and 62.3, respectively. Vaccine-induced 

antibodies neutralized a panel of wild-type JE isolates. There were no vaccine-related serious adverse events. Reactogenicity 

of JE-CV was comparable with that of the inactivated hepatitis A vaccine. Conclusions: A single administration of JE-CV has a 

good safety profile and elicits a protective immune response in both JE-naive toddlers and JE-primed young children. © 2010 

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 

No.245 

Author (s) : Chokkhanchitchai, S., Tangarunsanti, T., Jaovisidha, S., Nantiruj, K., Janwityanujit, S. 

Title : The effect of religious practice on the prevalence of knee osteoarthritis 

Source : Clinical Rheumatology, Volume 29, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 39-44 


Keywords : Ethnicity; Radiographic knee osteoarthritis; Religious practice; Symptomatic knee osteoarthritis; WOMAC score 

Abstract : The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of religious practice on the prevalence, severity, and patterns of knee 

osteoarthritis (OA) in a Thai elderly population with the same ethnicity and culture but different religions. A house-to-house 

survey was conducted in two subdistricts of Phranakhon Sri Ayutthaya province where inhabitants are a mixture of Buddhists 

and Muslims. One hundred fifty-three Buddhists and 150 Muslims aged ≥ 50 years were evaluated demographically, 

physically, and radiographically. Those suffering knee pains were questioned about severity using the Western Ontario and 

McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scores and examined for their range of knee motion. Radiographic knee OA 

(ROA) was defined as Kellgren-Lawrence radiographic grade ≥2 while symptomatic knee OA (SOA) was defined as knee 

symptoms of at least 1 month in a knee with ROA. Muslims had on average a higher number of daily religious practices than 

their Buddhist neighbors (p


counterparts with the same ethnicity but different religious practice. The Muslim way of praying since childhood, forcing the 

knees into deep flexion, may stretch the soft tissue surrounding the knee and decrease stiffness and contact pressure of the 

articular cartilage. © 2009 Clinical Rheumatology. 

No.246 

Author (s) : Cholamjiak, W., Suantai, S. 

Title : Convergence theorems from monotone hybrid methods for an infinitely countable family of Lipschitz asymptotically quasinonexpansive 

mappings 

Source : Nonlinear Analysis: Hybrid Systems, Volume 4, Issue 3, August 2010, Pages 524-530 


Keywords : Asymptotically quasi-nonexpansive mapping; Common fixed point; Mann iteration process; Monotone hybrid 

method; Strong convergence 

Abstract : In this paper, we prove a weak convergence theorem for the modified Mann iteration process for a uniformly Lipschitzian and 

asymptotically quasi-nonexpansive mapping in a uniformly convex Banach space. We also introduce two new kinds of 

monotone hybrid methods and obtain strong convergence theorems for an infinitely countable family of uniformly 

Lipschitzian and asymptotically quasi-nonexpansive mappings in a Hilbert space. The results of this paper improve on and 

extend corresponding ones announced by many authors. © 2009. 

No.247 

Author (s) : Cholamjiak, W., Suantai, S. 

Title : Weak and strong convergence theorems for a finite family of generalized asymptotically quasi-nonexpansive mappings 

Source : Computers and Mathematics with Applications, Volume 60, Issue 7, October 2010, Pages 1917-1923 


Keywords : Banach space; Common fixed point; Generalized asymptotically quasi-nonexpansive mapping; Iterative method; Strong 

convergence 

Abstract : In this paper, we introduce a new iterative scheme for finding a common fixed point of a finite family of generalized 

asymptotically quasi-nonexpansive mappings in a uniformly convex Banach space. We establish weak and strong convergence 

theorems. Our main results improve and extend the corresponding ones obtained in Schu (1991) [J. Schu, Iterative 

construction of fixed points of asymptotically nonexpansive mapping, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 159 (1991) 407413] and many 

others. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.248 

Author (s) : Chomchai, S., Anusornsuwan, T., Chomchai, C., Plubjui, P. 

Title : Relationship of Acetaminophen Psi Parameter and Hepatotoxicity Secondary to Acute Acetaminophen Overdose in Thai 

Population 

Source : CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY, Volume: 48, Issue: 6, Pages: 634-634, Meeting Abstract: 146, Published: JUL 2010 

Document Type : Meeeting Abstract 



No.249 

Author (s) : Chomcheon, P., Wiyakrutta, S., Aree, T., Sriubolmas, N., Ngamrojanavanich, N., Mahidol, C., Ruchirawat, S., Kittakoop, P. 

Title : Curvularides A-E: Antifungal hybrid peptide-polyketides from the endophytic fungus Curvularia geniculate 

Source : Chemistry - A European Journal, Volume 16, Issue 36, 24 September 2010, Pages 11178-11185 


Keywords : Antifungal agents; Natural products; Peptides; Phytochemistry; Polyketides 

Abstract : Five new hybrid peptide-polyketides, curvularides A-E (1-5), were isolated from the endophytic fungus Curvularia geniculata, 

which was obtained from the limbs of Catunaregam tomentosa. Structure elucidation for curvularides A-E (1-5) was 

accomplished by analysis of spectroscopic data, as well as by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Curvularide B (2) exhibited 

antifungal activity against Candida albicans, and it also showed synergistic activity with a fluconazole drug. © 2010 Wiley-VCH 

Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. Weinheim. 

89


No.250 

Author (s) : Chomean, S., Potipitak, T., Promptmas, C., Ittarat, W. 

Title : Quartz crystal microbalance-based biosensor for the detection of α-thalassemia 1 (SEA deletion) 

Source : Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Volume 48, Issue 9, 1 September 2010, Pages 1247-1254 


Keywords : biosensor; DNA; quartz crystal microbalance; thalassemia 

Abstract : Background: DNA piezoelectric biosensors have become a promising tool in molecular medicine since they do not require any 

label or staining. Here, a DNA piezoelectric biosensor based on a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) was created to identify 

abnormal genes causing α-thalassemia 1 (SEA deletion). Methods: The functionalized gold electrode of the quartz crystal was 

coated with avidin and the biotinylated DNA probe was attached. The target gene causing α-thalassemia 1 was amplified and 

hybridized with the immobilized probe. DNA hybridization was indicated by changes in the quartz resonance frequencies. 

Diagnostic ability of the new α-thalassemia 1 biosensor was validated using both known and unknown blood samples. 

Specificity was tested using samples of β-thalassemia and α-thalassemia 2. Stability of the sensor was also evaluated. 

Results: The new biosensor could clearly identify α-thalassemia 1 (SEA deletion), both carrier and disease states, from the 

normal genotype. Identification accuracy was compatible to the standard gel electrophoresis. It was specific only to αthalassemia 

1 since no cross reaction was found with β-thalassemia and α-thalassemia 2. The sensor could be kept at room 

temperature up to 6 months with consistent identification accuracy. Conclusions: The label free QCM based biosensor was 

successfully developed to diagnose an abnormal human globin gene causing α-thalassemia 1 (SEA deletion). Its accuracy, 

specificity and sensitivity were comparable to the standard method. Its stable diagnostic potency up to 6 months implied its 

field application in thalassemic control program. © 2010 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York. 

No.251 

Author (s) : Chompoothawat, N., Wongthanate, J., Ussawarujikulchai, A., Prapagdee, B. 

Title : Removal of cadmium ion from aqueous solution by exopolysaccharide-producing bacterium, Ralstonia sp 

Source : Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, Volume 19, Issue 12, 2010, Pages 2919-2923 


Keywords : Cadmium biosorption; Exopolysaccharides; Metal binding sites; Ralstonia sp 

Abstract : Bacterial exopolysaccharides (EPS) have an important role in the biosorption of heavy metals. The EPS-producing bacterium 

Ralstonia sp. TAK1 is a resistant cadmium bacterium isolated from cadmium-contaminated soil at a zinc mine in Thailand. 

Ralstonia sp. TAK1 produced the highest amounts of EPS at the stationary growth phase at 5.39 g/1 when cultured in a 

minimal medium amended with 2% glucose. The stationary cells of Ralstonia sp. TAK1 had the highest cadmium removal 

efficiency (41.73%) and cadmium adsorption capacity (15.02 mg/g). Cadmium removal efficiency and cadmium adsorption 

capacity by EPS were 1.91% and 0.69 mg/g respectively. In addition, the external structure of cadmium-adsorbed EPS became 

altered when compared to cadmium-unadsorbed EPS. Infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of functional groups or 

metal binding sites on the surface of bacterial EPS. Some spectra bands of cadmium-adsorbed EPS disappeared in contrast to 

cadmium-unadsorbed EPS due to the former being occupied by cadmium ions. These findings suggest that there is potential 

for Ralstonia sp. TAK1 cells and their EPS to be used for cadmium biosorption and applied in microbial based remediation of 

cadmium contaminated wastewaters. © by PSP. 

No.252 

Author (s) : Chongsuvivatwong, V., Yipintsoi, T., Suriyawongpaisal, P., Cheepudomwit, S., Aekplakorn, W., Faramnuayphol, P., Tatsanavivat, 

P., Kosulwat, V., Thamthitiwat, S., Nuntawan, C. 

Title : Comparison of cardiovascular risk factors in five regions of Thailand: InterASIA data 



Keywords : Cardiovascular disease; Ischemic heart disease; Standardized mortality rate; Stroke 

Abstract : Background: Age- and sex- standardized mortality rate of cardiovascular disease (CVD) was high in Bangkok and central 

Thailand in the year 2000. This may partially be related to differences in risk factors. Objective: To compare prevalence of 

CVD risk factors among regions in Thailand in the same period. Material and Method: From a survey in 2000 (InterASIA) which 

involved 5 regions in Thailand, conventional CVD risk factors were compared multivariate-wise among regions and 

subsequently aligned with CVD deaths obtained within similar regions from the registry. Results: Bangkok and a central 

province had a higher prevalence of the following: hypertension, elevated body mass index, large waist circumference, 

90


elevated lipid associated with low density lipoprotein cholesterol and diabetes mellitus. The Northeast had a higher 

prevalence of smoking, low values of high density lipoprotein cholesterol and high triglyceride. Conclusion: Definite regional 

differences existed of CVD risks and death in Thailand in 2000. Some of the metabolic risk factors may be more important 

than smoking in the link with CVD death in Thailand. 

No.253 

Author (s) : Choopong, P., Tesavibul, N., Rodanant, N. 

Title : Crystallization after intravitreal ganciclovir injection 

Source : Clinical Ophthalmology, Volume 4, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 709-711 


Keywords : CMV; Ganciclovir; Intraocular; Intravitreal injection; Toxicity 

Abstract : Purpose: To report crystal formation as a complication of intravitreal ganciclovir injection. Patients and methods: A 73-yearold 

female patient with unilateral cytomegalovirus retinitis was treated with intravitreous ganciclovir (4 mg/0.04 mL). Results: 

After the intravitreal injection, sudden crystallization was observed in the vitreous humor. The patient experienced marked 

reduction in visual acuity and increased intraocular pressure. Despite aqueous paracenthesis and pars plana vitrectomy, optic 

atrophy was observed and her visual acuity remained unimproved after 12 months. Conclusion: Crystal formation can occur 

as a complication of intravitreal ganciclovir injection. Associated retinal and optic nerve damage was found which results in 

permanent visual morbidity. © 2010 2010 Choopong et al, publisher and licensee Dove Medical Press Ltd. 

No.254 

Author (s) : Chootong, P., Ntumngia, F.B., VanBuskirk, K.M., Xainli, J., Cole-Tobian, J.L., Campbell, C.O., Fraser, T.S., King, C.L., Adams, J.H. 

Title : Mapping epitopes of the Plasmodium vivax Duffy binding protein with naturally acquired inhibitory antibodies 

Source : Infection and Immunity, Volume 78, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 1089-1095 


Keywords : Duffy binding protein; adolescent, adult, aged, allele, article, B lymphocyte, child, controlled study, epitope 

mapping, erythrocyte adhesiveness, female, human, male, nonhuman, Plasmodium vivax, priority journal, school child; 

Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Antibodies, Protozoan, Antigens, 

Protozoan, Child, Epitope Mapping, Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte, Humans, Middle Aged, Models, Molecular, Molecular Sequence 

Data, Papua New Guinea, Plasmodium vivax, Protein Array Analysis, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Protozoan Proteins, Receptors, 

Cell Surface, Young Adult 

Abstract : Plasmodium vivax Duffy binding protein (DBP) is a merozoite microneme ligand vital for blood-stage infection, which makes it 

an important candidate vaccine for antibody-mediated immunity against vivax malaria. A differential screen with a linear 

peptide array compared the reactivities of noninhibitory and inhibitory high-titer human immune sera to identify target 

epitopes associated with protective immunity. Naturally acquired anti-DBP-specific serologic responses observed in the 

residents of a region of Papua New Guinea where P. vivax is highly endemic exhibited significant changes in DBP-specific titers 

over time. The anti-DBP functional inhibition for each serum ranged from complete inhibition to no inhibition even for hightiter 

responders to the DBP, indicating that epitope specificity is important. Inhibitory immune human antibodies identified 

specific B-cell linear epitopes on the DBP (SalI) ligand domain that showed significant correlations with inhibitory responses. 

Affinity-purified naturally acquired antibodies on these epitopes inhibited the DBP erythrocyte binding function greatly, 

confirming the protective value of specific epitopes. These results represent an important advance in our understanding of 

part of blood-stage immunity to P. vivax and some of the specific targets for vaccine-elicited antibody protection. Copyright © 

2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 

No.255 

Author (s) : Choowongkomon, K., Theppabutr, S., Songtawee, N., Day, N.P.J., White, N.J., Woodrow, C.J., Imwong, M. 

Title : Computational analysis of binding between malarial dihydrofolate reductases and anti-folates 



Keywords : cycloguanil, dihydrofolate reductase, Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase, Plasmodium malariae dihydrofolate 

reductase, Plasmodium ovale dihydrofolate reductase, Plasmodium vivax dihydrofolate 

reductase, pyrimethamine, trimethoprim, unclassified drug, folic acid antagonist; antibiotic resistance, article, controlled 

study, crystal structure, DNA template, enzyme structure, gene mutation, ligand binding, mathematical analysis, molecular 

91


docking, molecular dynamics, molecular model, Plasmodium vivax, sequence analysis, amino acid 

sequence, animal, chemical structure, drug effect, drug resistance, genetics, metabolism, molecular 

genetics, mutation, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale, structural homology; Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Drug 

Resistance, Folic Acid Antagonists, Models, Molecular, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutation, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium 

ovale, Pyrimethamine, Sequence Analysis, Structural Homology, Protein, Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase 

Abstract : Background: Plasmodium falciparum readily develops resistance to the anti-folates pyrimethamine and proguanil via a 

characteristic set of mutations in the dihydrofolate reductase (PfDHFR) gene that leads to reduced competitive drug binding 

at the enzyme's active site. Analogous mutations can be found in the DHFR gene in isolates of Plasmodium vivax (PvDHFR) 

although anti-folates have not been widely used for the treatment of this infection. Here the interactions between DHFR 

inhibitors and modelled structures of the DHFR enzymes of Plasmodium malariae (PmDHFR) and Plasmodium ovale (PoDHFR) 

are described, along with an investigation of the effect of recently reported mutations within PmDHFR. Methods. DHFR 

models for PmDHFR and PoDHFR were constructed using the solved PfDHFR-TS and PvDHFR structures respectively as 

templates. The modelled structures were docked with three DHFR inhibitors as ligands and more detailed interactions were 

explored via simulation of molecular dynamics. Results. Highly accurate models were obtained containing sets of residues 

that mediate ligand binding which are highly comparable to those mediating binding in known crystal structures. Within this 

set, there were differences in the relative contribution of individual residues to inhibitor binding. Modelling of PmDHFR 

mutant sequences revealed that PmDHFR I170M was associated with a significant reduction in binding energy to all DHFR 

inhibitors studied, while the other predicted resistance mutations had lesser or no effects on ligand binding. Conclusions. 

Binding of DHFR inhibitors to the active sites of all four Plasmodium enzymes is broadly similar, being determined by an 

analogous set of seven residues. PmDHFR mutations found in field isolates influenced inhibitor interactions to a varying 

extent. In the case of the isolated I170M mutation, the loss of interaction with pyrimethamine suggests that DHFR-inhibitor 

interactions in P. malariae are different to those seen for DHFRs from P. falciparum and P. vivax. © 2010 Choowongkomon et 

al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.256 

Author (s) : Chosrowjan, H., Taniguchi, S., Mataga, N., Nakanishi, T., Haruyama, Y., Sato, S., Kitamura, M., Tanaka, F. 

Title : Effects of the disappearance of one charge on ultrafast fluorescence dynamics of the FMN binding protein 

Source : Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Volume 114, Issue 18, 13 May 2010, Pages 6175-6182 


Keywords : Average lifetime, Binding proteins, Desulfovibrio vulgaris, Fluorescence dynamics, Fluorescence lifetimes, Geometrical 

factors, Hydrogen bondings, Ionic charge, Photo-induced electron transfer, Static structures, Three systems, Ultra-fast, Upconversion 

methods, X-ray diffraction method; Amino acids, Binding energy, Electron transitions, Fluorescence, Hydrogen 

bonds, Organic acids, X ray diffraction; Proteins; carrier protein, flavine mononucleotide; 

article, chemistry, fluorescence, hydrogen bond, X ray crystallography, X ray diffraction; Carrier Proteins, Crystallography, X- 

Ray, Flavin Mononucleotide, Fluorescence, Hydrogen Bonding, X-Ray Diffraction 

Abstract : Crystal structures of E13T (Glu13 was replaced by Thr13) and E13Q (Glu13 was replaced by Gln13) FMN binding proteins 

(FMN-bp) from Desulfovibrio vulgaris, strain Miyazaki F, were determined by the X-ray diffraction method. Geometrical factors 

related to photoinduced electron transfer from Trp32, Tyr35, and Trp106 to the excited isoalloxazine (Iso) were compared 

among the three forms of FMN-bp. The rate of ET is considered to be fastest from Trp32 to Iso* in FMN-bp and then from 

Tyr35 and Trp106. The distances between Iso and Trp32 did not change appreciably (0.705-0.712 nm) among WT, E13T, and 

E13Q FMN-bps, though the distances between Iso and Tyr35 or Trp106 became a little shorter by ca. 0.01 nm in both 

mutated FMN-bps. The distances between the residue at 13 and the ET donors or acceptor in the mutated proteins, however, 

changed markedly, compared to WT. Hydrogen bonding pairs and distances between Iso and surrounding amino acids were 

not modified when Glu13 was replaced by Thr13 or Gln13. Effects of elimination of ionic charge at Glu13 on the ultrafast 

fluorescence dynamics in E13T and E13Q were investigated comparing to WT, by means of a fluorescence up-conversion 

method. Fluorescence lifetimes were α1 = 107 fs (α1 = 0.86), α2 = 475 fs (α2 = 0.12), and α3 = 30 ps (α3 = 0.02) in E13T 

and α1 = 134 fs (α1 = 0.85), α2 = 746 fs (α2 = 0.12), and α3 = 30 ps (α3 = 0.03) in E13Q, which are compared to the 

reported lifetimes in WT, α1 = 168 fs (α1 = 0.95) and α2 = 1.4 ps (α2 = 0.05). Average lifetimes (αAV = α=12or3αiα.,i) were 

0.75 ps in E13T, 1.10 ps in E13Q, and 0.23 ps in WT, which implies that αAV was 3.3 times longer in E13T and 4.8 times longer 

in E13Q, compared to WT. The ultrafast fluorescence dynamics of WT did not change when solvent changed from H2O to 

D2O. Static ET rates (inverse of average lifetimes) were analyzed with static structures of the three systems of FMN-bp. Net 

electrostatic (ES) energies of Iso and Trp32, on which ET rates depend, were 0.0263 eV in WT, 0.322 eV in E13T, and 0.412 eV 

92


in E13Q. The calculated ET rates were in excellent agreement with the observed ones in all systems. © 2010 American 

Chemical Society. 

No.257 

Author (s) : Chotjumlong, P., Khongkhunthian, S., Ongchai, S., Reutrakul, V., Krisanaprakornkit, S. 

Title : Human β-defensin-3 up-regulates cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin E2 synthesis in human gingival fibroblasts 

Source : Journal of Periodontal Research, Volume 45, Issue 4, August 2010, Pages 464-470 


Keywords : Gene regulation; Human β-defensin; Inflammation; Lipid mediator 

Abstract : Chotjumlong P, Khongkhunthian S, Ongchai S, Reutrakul V, Krisanaprakornkit S. Human β-defensin-3 up-regulates 

cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin E2synthesis in human gingival fibroblasts. J Periodont Res 2010; 45: 464-470. 

© 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S Background and Objective: Oral epithelial cells express three antimicrobial peptide 

human β-defensins (hBDs) that have previously been demonstrated to exert proinflammatory effects on various immune 

cells. We wanted to examine whether hBDs could induce cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) 

synthesis in non-immune cells, such as human gingival fibroblasts. Material and Methods: Cultured fibroblasts were treated 

with different concentrations of hBD-1, -2, -3 or interleukin-1β, as a positive control, for various times, in the presence or 

absence of NS-398, a specific COX-2 inhibitor. The levels of COX-1 and COX-2 mRNA expression were analyzed using RT-PCR 

and real-time PCR. Whole cell lysates were analyzed for COX-1 and COX-2 protein expression by western blotting. Cell-free 

culture supernatants were assayed for PGE2 levels by ELISA. The lactate dehydrogenase assay was performed to determine 

the cytotoxicity of hBDs. Results: Ten and 40 μg/mL of hBD-3 up-regulated COX-2 mRNA and protein expression, consistent 

with COX-2 up-regulation by interleukin-1β, whereas hBD-1 and hBD-2 did not. However, COX-1 mRNA and protein were 

constitutively expressed. The time-course study revealed that hBD-3 up-regulated COX-2 mRNA and protein expression at 6 

and 12 h, respectively. Consistent with COX-2 up-regulation, 10 and 40 μg/mL of hBD-3 significantly increased PGE2 levels in 

cell-free culture supernatants (p < 0.05), and this was inhibited by NS-398 in a dose-dependent manner. Neither of the hBD 

concentrations tested in this study was toxic to the cells. Conclusion: These findings indicate that epithelial human βdefensin-3 

functions as a proinflammatory mediator in controlling arachidonic acid metabolism in underlying fibroblasts. © 

2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. 

No.258 

Author (s) : Chottidao, M., Limroongreungrat, W. 

Title : Comparison of Oxygen Uptake between Single and Double Legs Rope Jumping Exercise 

Source : MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE, Volume: 42, Issue: 5, Supplement: 1, Pages: 547-548, Meeting Abstract: 

2212, Published: MAY 2010 




No.259 

Author (s) : Christiansen, K.J., Ip, M., Ker, H.B., Mendoza, M., Hsu, L., Kiratisin, P., Chongthaleong, A., Redjeki, I.S., Quintana, A., Flamm, R., 

Garcia, J., Cassettari, M., Cooper, D., Okolo, P., Morrissey, I. 

Title : In vitro activity of doripenem and other carbapenems against contemporary Gram-negative pathogens isolated from 

hospitalised patients in the Asia-Pacific region: Results of the COMPACT Asia-Pacific Study 

Source : International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, Volume 36, Issue 6, December 2010, Pages 501-506 


Keywords : Carbapenem; Doripenem; Enterobacteriaceae; Gram-negative; Pseudomonas; Surveillance 

Abstract : The Comparative Activity of Carbapenems Testing (COMPACT) Study was designed to determine the in vitro potency of 

doripenem compared with imipenem and meropenem against a large number of contemporary Gram-negative pathogens 

from more than 100 centres across Europe and the Asia-Pacific region and to assess the reliability of Etest methodology for 

doripenem minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination against these pathogens. Data from eight countries within 

the Asia-Pacific region, which collected 1612 bacterial isolates, are presented here. Etest methodology was found to be a 

reliable method for MIC determination. Doripenem showed in vitro activity similar to or better than meropenem and at least 

four-fold better than imipenem against Enterobacteriaceae. Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, doripenem was also the most 

93


active of the three carbapenems in vitro. However, in vitro results do not necessarily correlate with clinical outcome. © 2010 

Elsevier B.V. and the International Society of Chemotherapy. 

No.260 

Author (s) : Chu, C., Woods, N., Sawasdee, N., Guizouarn, H., Pellissier, B., Borgese, F., Yenchitsomanus, P.-T., Gowrishankar, M., Cordat, E. 

Title : Band 3 Edmonton I, a novel mutant of the anion exchanger 1 causing spherocytosis and distal renal tubular acidosis 

Source : Biochemical Journal, Volume 426, Issue 3, 15 March 2010, Pages 379-388 


Keywords : Anion exchanger 1 (AE1); Hereditary disease; Kidney; Membrane protein; Red blood cell; Trafficking 

Abstract : dRTA (distal renal tubular acidosis) and HS (hereditary spherocytosis) are two diseases that can be caused by mutations in the 

gene encoding the AE1 (anion exchanger 1; Band 3). dRTA is characterized by defective urinary acidification, leading to 

metabolic acidosis, renal stones and failure to thrive. HS results in anaemia, which may require regular blood transfusions and 

splenectomy. Mutations in the gene encoding AE1 rarely cause both HS and dRTA. In the present paper, we describe a novel 

AE1 mutation, Band 3 Edmonton I, which causes dominant HS and recessive dRTA. The patient is a compound heterozygote 

with the new mutation C479W and the previously described mutation G701D. Red blood cells from the patient presented a 

reduced amount of AE1. Expression in a kidney cell line showed that kAE1 (kidney AE1) C479W is retained intracellularly. As 

kAE1 is a dimer, we performed co-expression studies and found that, in kidney cells, kAE1 C479W and G701D proteins traffic 

independently from each other despite their ability to form heterodimers. Therefore the patient carries one kAE1 mutant that 

is retained in the Golgi (G701D) and another kAE1 mutant (C479W) located in the endoplasmic reticulum of kidney cells, and 

is thus probably unable to reabsorb bicarbonate into the blood. We conclude that the C479W mutant is a novel trafficking 

mutant of AE1, which causes HS due to a decreased cell-surface AE1 protein and results in dRTA due to its intracellular 

retention in kidney. © The Authors. 

No.261 

Author (s) : Chuang, C.-C., Martinez, K., Xie, G., Kennedy, A., Bumrungpert, A., Overman, A., Jia, W., McIntosh, M.K. 

Title : Quercetin is equally or more effective than resveratrol in attenuating tumor necrosis factor-α-mediated inflammation and 

insulin resistance in primary human adipocytes 

Source : American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Volume 92, Issue 6, 1 December 2010, Pages 1511-1521 


Keywords : immunoglobulin enhancer binding protein, insulin receptor substrate 1, interleukin 1beta, interleukin 6, interleukin 8, mitogen 

activated protein kinase, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma, protein 

tyrosine phosphatase 1B, quercetin, resveratrol, serine, stress activated protein kinase, tumor necrosis factor alpha; 

adipocyte, article, gene expression, glucose transport, human, human cell, inflammation, insulin resistance, obesity, protein 

phosphorylation; Adipocytes, Adult, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Female, Gene 

Expression, Glucose, Humans, Inflammation, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Middle Aged, Phosphorylation, Phytotherapy, Plant 

Extracts, PPAR gamma, Quercetin, Signal Transduction, Stilbenes, Transcription, Genetic, Tumor Necrosis Factoralpha, 

Vitis, Young Adult; Rice stripe virus, Vitaceae 

Abstract : Background: Quercetin and trans-resveratrol (trans-RSV) are plant polyphenols reported to reduce inflammation or insulin 

resistance associated with obesity. Recently, we showed that grape powder extract, which contains quercetin and trans-RSV, 

attenuates markers of inflammation in human adipocytes and macrophages and insulin resistance in human adipocytes. 

However, we do not know how quercetin and trans-RSV individually affected these outcomes. Objective: The aim of this 

study was to examine the extent to which quercetin and trans-RSV prevented inflammation or insulin resistance in primary 

cultures of human adipocytes treated with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) - an inflammatory cytokine elevated in the 

plasma and adipose tissue of obese, diabetic individuals. Design: Cultures of human adipocytes were pretreated with 

quercetin and trans-RSV followed by treatment with TNF-α. Subsequently, gene and protein markers of inflammation and 

insulin resistance were measured. Results: Quercetin, and to a lesser extent trans-RSV, attenuated the TNF-α-induced 

expression of inflammatory genes such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and 

the secretion of IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1. Quercetin attenuated TNF-α-mediated phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related 

kinase and c-Jun-NH2 terminal kinase, whereas trans-RSV attenuated only c-Jun-NH2 terminal kinase phosphorylation. 

Quercetin and trans-RSV attenuated TNF-α-mediated phosphorylation of c-Jun and degradation of inhibitory κB protein. 

Quercetin, but not trans-RSV, decreased TNF-α-induced nuclear factor-κB transcriptional activity. Quercetin and trans-RSV 

attenuated the TNF-α-mediated suppression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and PPARγ target 

94


genes and of PPARγ protein concentrations and transcriptional activity. Quercetin prevented the TNF-α-mediated serine 

phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 and protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B gene expression and the suppression of 

insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, whereas trans-RSV prevented only the TNF-α-mediated serine phosphorylation of insulin 

receptor substrate-1. Conclusion: These data suggest that quercetin is equally or more effective than trans-RSV in attenuating 

TNF-α-mediated inflammation and insulin resistance in primary human adipocytes. © 2010 American Society for Nutrition. 

No.262 

Author (s) : Chuangchaiya, S., Jangpatarapongsa, K., Chootong, P., Sirichaisinthop, J., Sattabongkot, J., Pattanapanyasat, K., Chotivanich, K., 

Troye-Blomberg, M., Cui, L., Udomsangpetch, R. 

Title : Immune response to Plasmodium vivax has a potential to reduce malaria severity 

Source : Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Volume 160, Issue 2, May 2010, Pages 233-239 


Keywords : Antibody response; CD4+ T cells; CD8+ T cells; Gamma delta T cells; Infections 

Abstract : Summary Plasmodium falciparum infection causes transient immunosuppression during the parasitaemic stage. However, the 

immune response during simultaneous infections with both P. vivax and P. falciparum has been investigated rarely. In 

particular, it is not clear whether the host's immune response to malaria will be different when infected with a single or 

mixed malaria species. Phenotypes of T cells from mixed P. vivax-P. falciparum (PV-PF) infection were characterized by flow 

cytometry, and anti-malarial antibodies in the plasma were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We 

found the percentage of CD3 +δ2+-T cell receptor (TCR) T cells in the acute-mixed PV-PF infection and single P. vivax 

infection three times higher than in the single P. falciparum infection. This implied that P. vivax might lead to the host 

immune response to the production of effector T killer cells. During the parasitaemic stage, the mixed PV-PF infection had the 

highest number of plasma antibodies against both P. vivax and P. falciparum. Interestingly, plasma from the group of single P. 

vivax or P. falciparum malaria infections had both anti-P. vivax and anti-P. falciparum antibodies. In addition, antigenic crossreactivity 

of P. vivax or P. falciparum resulting in antibodies against both malaria species was shown in the supernatant of 

lymphocyte cultures cross-stimulated with either antigen of P. vivax or P. falciparum. The role of δ2 ± TCR T cells and the 

antibodies against both species during acute mixed malaria infection could have an impact on the immunity to malaria 

infection. © 2009 British Society for Immunology. 

No.263 

Author (s) : Chuansumrit, A., Plueksacheeva, T., Hanpinitsak, S., Sangwarn, S., Chatvutinun, S., Suthutvoravut, U., Herabutya, Y., Shearer, 

M.J. 

Title : Prevalence of subclinical vitamin K deficiency in Thai newborns: Relationship to maternal phylloquinone intakes and delivery 

risk 

Source : Archives of Disease in Childhood: Fetal and Neonatal Edition, Volume 95, Issue 2, March 2010, Pages F104-F108 


Keywords : decarboxyprothrombin, phytomenadione; adult, article, controlled study, delivery, dietary intake, disease 

predisposition, female, food frequency questionnaire, high risk infant, human, immunoassay, infant, major clinical 

study, male, newborn, nutritional assessment, nutritional status, prevalence, priority journal, risk factor, Thailand, umbilical 

cord blood, vitamin K deficiency; Adult, Antifibrinolytic Agents, Biological Markers, Birth Injuries, Diet, Enzyme-Linked 

Immunosorbent Assay, Female, Fetal Growth Retardation, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature, Maternal Nutritional 

Physiological Phenomena, Pregnancy, Prevalence, Protein Precursors, Prothrombin, Risk Factors, Thailand, Vitamin K 1, Vitamin 

K Deficiency Bleeding, Vitamins, Young Adult 

Abstract : Background: Vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) in infants is a rare but serious worldwide problem, particularly in Southeast 

Asia. Apart from exclusive breast feeding, little is known of the maternofetal risk factors that predispose infants to VKDB. 

Objectives: To assess (a) the relationships between functional vitamin K insufficiency in a large cohort of Thai mothers to that 

of their newborn infants and (b) the importance of delivery risk factors and maternal intakes of vitamin K as determinants of 

neonatal vitamin K status. Methods: Vitamin K status was assessed by measuring undercarboxylated prothrombin (protein 

induced by vitamin K absence/antagonist-II (PIVKA-II)) in 683 mothers and in the cord blood of their babies by sensitive 

immunoassay. Dietary phylloquinone (vitamin K1; K1) intakes were assessed in 106 of these mothers by food frequency 

questionnaire. Results: Babies were categorised as 'normal' (n=590) or 'high risk' (n=93) according to birth weight and delivery 

type. PIVKA-II was detectable (>0.15 arbitrary units (AU)/ml) in 85 mothers (12.4%) and 109 babies (16.0%) with median 

levels of 0.78 and 1.04 AU/ml in mothers and babies, respectively. 'High-risk' babies had a higher median detectable PIVKA-II 

95


concentration than 'normal-risk' babies (3.1 vs 1.0 AU/ml, p=0.02) and a higher prevalence of clinically relevant (>5.0 

AU/ml) concentrations (p=0.006). Mothers with K1 intakes below the US recommended 'adequate intake' for pregnancy 

(<90 μg/day) had a higher prevalence of detectable PIVKA-II (18.8%) than those with adequate intakes (3.3%) (p=0.01). 

Conclusions: Functional, clinically relevant, vitamin K insufficiency was more common in 'high-risk' than 'normal-risk' 

newborns. Vitamin K insufficiency in mothers was linked to lower dietary K1 intakes during pregnancy. 

No.264 

Author (s) : Chuansumrit, A., Puripokai, C., Butthep, P., Wongtiraporn, W., Sasanakul, W., Tangnararatchakit, K., Chunhakan, S., Yoksan, S. 

Title : Laboratory predictors of dengue shock syndrome during the febrile stage 



Keywords : Dengue hemorrhagic fever; Dengue shock syndrome; Predictors 

Abstract : The clinical manifestations of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) consist of three successive stages: febrile, toxic and 

convalescent. The toxic stage is the critical period, which may manifest as circulatory disturbance or even profound shock in 

some patients. We attempted to determine predictors for the risk of dengue shock syndrome (DSS) during the febrile stage. 

One hundred one children with acute febrile illness were enrolled in the study, with a mean age of 11 years old. The 

diagnosis included dengue fever (DF) 21 cases, DHF grade I 30 cases, DHF grade II 33 cases, DHF grades III and IV 10 cases; 

children with other febrile illnesses (OFI) 7 cases were used as controls. Complete blood counts, coagulation tests, von 

Willebrand factor antigens (VWF:Ag) and ristocetin cofactor activity (VWF:Rcof) were determined daily during hospitalization 

and 2-4 weeks after discharge from the hospital. The results revealed any one of the following abnormal laboratory findings 

during the febrile stage served as a predictor for risk of DSS: increase in hematocrit >25%, a platelet count 44 seconds, a prothrombin time >14 seconds, a thrombin time >16 seconds or a 

VWF:Ag or VWF:Rcof >210%. The relative risk ranged from 4.8 to 10.9. Simple laboratory investigations with complete blood 

count, coagulation test or the more sophisticated von Willebrand factor, are helpful in predicting the risk for DSS during the 

febrile stage. 

No.265 

Author (s) : Chuansumrit, A., Teeraratkul, S., Wanichkul, S., Treepongkaruna, S., Sirachainan, N., Pakakasama, S., Nuntnarumit, P., Hongeng, 

S. 

Title : Recombinant-activated factor VII for control and prevention of hemorrhage in nonhemophilic pediatric patients 

Source : Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis, Volume 21, Issue 4, June 2010, Pages 354-362 


Keywords : Children; Hemorrhage; Infants; Invasive procedure; Newborns; Recombinant factor-activated VIIa 

Abstract : A total of 108 episodes among 103 nonhemophilic pediatric patients (nine newborns, 16 infants and 78 children) treated with 

recombinant factor-activated VII (rFVIIa) were evaluated retrospectively. These episodes were divided into two groups: group 1 

included 86 occurrences for hemorrhagic control of ongoing massive bleeding due to thrombocytopenia and coagulopathy 

unresponsive to blood component therapy in patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever, life-threatening, intraoperative and 

postoperative bleeding; group 2 included 22 episodes for prevention of hemorrhage with invasive procedures in patients with 

chronic liver disease and associated coagulopathy, and patients without preexisting hemostatic disorder but at high risk due 

to their underlying diagnosis and required surgical intervention. The effective control of hemostasis response rate in group 1 

was significantly lower than in group 2. The median total dose per kilogram of rFVIIa group 1 was twice that of group 2. The 

overall case-fatality rate related to bleeding or underlying conditions was 31.1% (32/103). Adverse events were observed in 

three patients (2.9%) receiving rFVIIa for control of intraoperative and postoperative bleeding in the setting of corrective 

cardiac surgery. These results support the safety and potential benefit of rFVIIa for control and prevention of hemorrhage in 

pediatric patients without congenital hemophilia. © 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 

No.266 

Author (s) : Chuansumrit, A.; Tangnararachakit, K.; Sirachainan, N.; Khositseth, A.; Kuptanon, T.; Wanitkun, S.; Withurawanit, W.; Songdej, D. 

Title : DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER IN HEMOPHILIC PATIENTS: AGGRAVATION OF BLEEDING RISK 

Source : HAEMATOLOGICA-THE HEMATOLOGY JOURNAL, Volume: 95, Supplement: 2, Pages: 72-72, Meeting Abstract: 0179, Published: 

JUN 2010 


96




No.267 

Author (s) : Chuaychoo, B., Wongsurakiat, P., Nana, A., Kositanont, U., Maranetra, K.N. 

Title : The immunogenicity of intradermal influenza vaccination in COPD patients 

Source : Vaccine, Volume 28, Issue 24, 28 May 2010, Pages 4045-4051 


Keywords : COPD; Influenza vaccine; Intradermal 

Abstract : We evaluated the immunogenicity of a reduced-dose intradermal trivalent, inactivated, split-virion seasonal influenza vaccine 

compared to that of a conventional intramuscular vaccination in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. One 

hundred and fifty-six COPD patients randomly received either 0.2 ml (6 μg hemagglutinin (HA) per strain) split into two-site 

intradermal (ID) injections or a single 0.5 ml (15 μg HA per strain) intramuscular (IM) injection. Geometric mean titers, 

seroconversion factors, seroconversion rates and seroprotection rates at 4 weeks post-vaccination in the ID group were less 

than those in the IM group. Only the seroconversion factor to influenza B in the ID group was statistically less than in the IM 

group (18.8 in the ID group, n = 81 versus 37.3 in the IM group, n = 75, p = 0.045). Nevertheless, each strain of the ID 

vaccination met all the Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products (CPMP) criteria. Seroprotection rates were above 60% 

throughout the year in influenza A (H3N2), for at least 6 months in influenza A (H1N1) and at least 4 weeks in influenza B in 

both ID and IM groups. The reduced-dose intradermal vaccination may be considered for use in COPD patients in a vaccine 

shortage situation. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.268 

Author (s) : Chuayjan, W., Pothiphan, S., Wiwatanapataphee, B., Wu, Y.H. 

Title : Numerical simulation of granular flow during filling and discharging of a silo 

Source : International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Volume 62, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 347-364 


Keywords : Discrete element method; Granular flow; Mathematical modelling; Right-conical silo 

Abstract : In this study, we simulate the static and dynamic processes of granular flow during filling and discharging of a vertical-sided 

silo with conical hopper bottom. The granular material is an assembly of 7,500 soybeans. Based on the discrete element 

method, the governing equations for the granular flow are solved by the centred finite difference scheme. The effects of inlet 

flow rate and bottom angles on pressure distribution on the hopper wall throughout the static process of material filling into 

the silo are investigated. Influences of bottom angle on the discharging problem in a varied mass-flow silo and a constant 

mass-flow silo are also discussed. © 2010 Academic Publications. 

No.269 

Author (s) : Chudtong, M., Lenbury, Y., Ratanakul, C. 

Title : Stability and periodicity in a model of bone remodeling under impulsive PTH control 

Source : International Conference on Applied Computer Science – Proceedings, 2010, Pages 152-157 


Keywords : Asymptotic stability; Bone remodeling; Impulsive differential equation models; Permanence 

Abstract : In this paper, a mathematical model of bone remodeling process, which incorporates the effect of impulsive application of 

parathyroid hormone supplementary treatments, is analyzed in terms of the boundedness, asymptotic stability, permanence, 

and oscillatory behavior. Conditions under which different dynamic behavior may be expected are shown to be sensitive to 

the period and amplitude of the hormone supplements so that the variation of these parameters are crucial of the proper 

management and control of this complex system which is an essential component of the human life. 

No.270 

Author (s) : Chuen-Im, T., Areekijseree, M., Chongthammakun, S., Graham, S.V. 

Title : Aerobic bacterial infections in captive juvenile green turtles (Chelonia mydas) and hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) 

from Thailand 

Source : Chelonian Conservation and Biology, Volume 9, Issue 1, June 2010, Pages 135-142 


97


Keywords : Bacteria (microorganisms), Chelonia mydas, Cheloniidae, Eretmochelys imbricata, Negibacteria, Posibacteria, Testudines 

Abstract : Investigation of the total of 53 juvenile sea turtles (30 green turtles and 2 hawksbill turtles) found signs of several clinical 

diseases. Ultrastructure and histological observation of these tissues revealed that they were infected with one type of yeast 

and numerous bacteria. Using aerobic microbiological culture techniques, 10 types of Gram-positive and Gram-negative 

bacteria were identified, which may be responsible for disease and subsequent death of juvenile sea turtles at the 

conservation center. © 2010 Chelonian Research Foundation. 

No.271 

Author (s) : Chularojanamontri, L., Tuchinda, P., Kulthanan, K., Manuskiatti, W. 

Title : Generalized molluscum contagiosum in an HIV patient treated with diphencyprone 

Source : Journal of Dermatological Case Reports, Volume 4, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 60-62 


Keywords : AIDS; Diphencyprone; DPC; HIV; Molluscum contagiosum; Poxvirus; Treatment; Virus 

Abstract : Background: Diphencyprone is a universal contact immunotherapy. The mechanism of action is based on an induction of the 

delayed-type hypersensitivity. Diphencyprone has been used in various forms for treatments of recalcitrant and facial warts, 

and alopecia areata. However, this treatment modality has not been generally used in immunocompromised patients. Main 

observation: The present report demonstrated the efficacy of diphencyprone immunotherapy on the treatment of 

generalized molluscum contagiosum in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patient. Minimal and transient side 

effects including pruritus, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation and irritation were noted. Conclusion: Diphencyprone contact 

immunotherapy appears to be a possible alternative treatment of widespread molluscum contagiosum in 

immunocompromised patients. 

No.272 

Author (s) : Chularojanamontri, L., Tuchinda, P., Triwongwaranat, D., Pinkaew, S., Kulthanan, K. 

Title : Diagnostic significance of colloid body deposition in direct immunofluorescence 

Source : Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Volume 76, Issue 4, July 2010, Pages 373-377 


Keywords : Colloid bodies; direct immunofluorescence; interface dermatitis 

Abstract : Background: Colloid bodies (CB) in direct immunofluorescence (DIF) studies are usually found in interface dermatitis. 

Furthermore, CB can be found in various skin diseases and even in normal skin. Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic value of CB 

deposits in DIF studies. Methods: From 1996-2007, data from 502 patients where DIF studies showed immunoreactants at CB 

were enrolled. The definite diagnoses of these patients were based on clinical, histopathological and immunofluorescent 

findings. The results of DIF studies were analyzed. Results: Immunoreactants at CB were detected in 44.4%, 43.8%, 4.2%, 

3.8%, and 2.2% of interface dermatitis, vasculitis, autoimmune vesiculobullous disease, panniculitis, and 

scleroderma/morphea, respectively. The most common immunoreactant deposit of all diseases was Immunoglobulin M (IgM). 

Brighter intensity and higher quantity of CB was detected frequently in the group with interface dermatitis. Conclusions: 

Immunoreactant deposits at CB alone can be found in various diseases but a strong intensity and high quantity favor the 

diagnosis of interface dermatitis. CB plus dermoepidermal junction (DEJ) deposits are more common in interface dermatitis 

than any other disease. Between lichen planus (LP) and discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), CB alone is more common in LP; 

whereas, CB plus DEJ and superficial blood vessel (SBV) is more common in DLE. The most common pattern in both diseases 

is CB plus DEJ. The quantity and intensity of CB in LP is higher than in DLE. 

No.273 

Author (s) : Chularojanamontri, L., Kulthanan, K., Tuchinda, P., Manuskiatti, W. 

Title : Treatment of generalized molluscum contagiosum in all HIV patient with diphencyprone 






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No.274 

Author (s) : Chulavatnatol, S., Malathum, K., Kiertiburanakul, S., Sripha, K., Lawanprasert, P. 

Title : Bioequivalence of indinavir capsules in healthy volunteers 

Source : Asian Biomedicine, Volume 4, Issue 1, February 2010, Pages 98-101 


Keywords : Bioequivalence; Indinavir; Pharmacokinetics; Protease inhibitors; Thai volunteers 

Abstract : Background: Indinavir, one component in the HAART regimen, plays an important role in the current treatment of HIVinfection 

and AIDS. Availability and accessibility of qualified generic indinavir to patients may be the keys for the success of 

treatment. Objective: Compare the rate and extent of absorption of a generic indinavir formulation with those of an original 

formulation in healthy Thai volunteers. Method: A randomized, two-period, two-treatment, two-sequence, crossover study 

with a two-week washout period was performed. A single dose of 2x400 mg indinavir capsules of each formulation was 

administered to 24 volunteers after an overnight fast. Indinavir plasma concentrations up to 10 hours postdose were 

determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. Relevant pharmacokinetic parameters were derived and tested for 

statistically significant differences using ANOVA and criteria of bioequivalence determination were applied. Results: No 

statistically significant differences were demonstrated for pharmacokinetic parameters including Cmax, Tmax, AUC0-t, and 

AUC0-8 derived from the two formulations (n=23, p>0.05). The criteria of bioequivalence determination i.e., the 90% 

confidence intervals on the mean ratio (generic/original formulation) of natural logarithmtransformed values of Cmax, AUC0-t 

and AUC0-∞ were 86.3-106.5%, 94.0-108.5%, and 93.9-108.5%, respectively. Conclusion: As the mean ratios of Cmax, AUC0-t 

and AUC0-∞ of the generic and original formulations were entirely within the guideline range of bioequivalence (80.0-125.0%), 

the two formulations were considered bioequivalent in terms of rate and extent of absorption. 

No.275 

Author (s) : Chumpathong, S., Sukavanicharat, P., Butmangkun, W., Suraseranivongse, S., Raksakietisak, M., Rushatamukayanunt, P., 

Sirivanasandha, B. 

Title : Effectiveness of endotracheal-tube size by age-based formula for Thai pediatric cardiac patients: a retrospective study 

Source : ASIAN BIOMEDICINE, Volume: 4, Issue: 5, Pages: 765-771, Published: OCT 2010 


Keywords : Age-based formula; anesthesia; cardiac patients; endotracheal tube; pediatric 

Abstract : Background: Pediatric patients with congenital heart diseases may have pathological airway abnormality and delayed 

development. To predict the appropriate size of endotracheal tube (ETT), a formula between diameter and age has been 

widely used for Western normal children. However, it is unclear whether this age-based (AB) formula is applicable to Thai 

pediatric cardiac patients. Objective: Evaluate the effectiveness of uncuffed ETT size by AB formula for pediatric cardiac 

patients. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using 320 cases of non-cardiac and cardiac patients aged 2-7 years 

old who were orally intubated with a regular uncuffed ETT at Siriraj Hospital, Thailand. The exclusion criteria were history of 

tracheostomy, upper airway obstruction, and expected difficult intubation. Demographic data and final ETT used were 

recorded. Results: The tube-size predicted by the AB formula could be applied to 54.4% of non-cardiac and 48.1% of cardiac 

patients (p= 0.314), whereas three sizes of tubes (one above and one below the predicted size) covered 96.9% and 94.4% of 

non-cardiac and cardiac patients, respectively (p = 0.413). The ETT with 0.5 mm in ID larger than the predicted size were more 

often used in 35.0% of cardiac patients compared with 22.5% of non-cardiac patients (p= 0.019). There were no significant 

differences between methods using age (actual, round-up, and truncated) to calculate the AB formula. The Pearson's 

correlation between the ID of the ETT with height in non-cardiac and cardiac patients were 0.430 and 0.683, respectively (p 


Abstract : Fatty acid binding proteins are considered to be promising vaccine candidates against trematodiasis. In order to provide 

additional information about their function in Fasciola gigantica we performed a comparative analysis of FgFABP1 and 

FgFABP3, two isoforms with quite different isoelectric points of 49 and 99 and 67% sequence identity. Both are expressed in 

the juvenile and adult parasite but differ in their tissue-specific distribution. In addition, the sequence of FABP3 is identical in 

F. hepatica and F. gigantica indicating the protein's functional importance in this genus. Immune sera produced against soluble 

recombinant FgFABPs reacted with 14 kDa antigens in crude worm, soluble egg, cirrus sac extracts, and excretion/secretion 

product. Both FgFABPs were located in the parenchyma of the parasite but in addition, FgFABP1 was abundant in testes and 

spermatozoa while FgFABP3 was abundant in vitelline cells, eggs, and caecal epithelium. Mass spectrometry identified 

FgFABP1 and FgFABP3 in the ES product whereas only FgFABP3 was identified in egg extract. Serum samples of an 

experimentally infected rabbit reacted from week 6 post-infection with FgFABP3 and from week 12 with FgFABP1 while sera 

of infected sheep were not reactive. The results suggest differences in the biological functions of these 2 isoforms and 

differences in the host/parasite interaction that should be considered for their potential as vaccines against fascioliasis. © 

Cambridge University Press 2010. 

No.277 

Author (s) : Churdchomjan, W., Kheolamai, P., Manochantr, S., Tapanadechopone, P., Tantrawatpan, C., U-pratya, Y., Issaragrisil, S. 

Title : Comparison of endothelial progenitor cell function in type 2 diabetes with good and poor glycemic control 

Source : BMC Endocrine Disorders, Volume 10, 7 April 2010, Article number 5 


Keywords : 1,1' dioctadecyl 3,3,3',3' tetramethylindocarbocyanine, acetyl low density lipoprotein, CD34 antigen, glucose, hemoglobin 

A1c, Ulex europaeus agglutinin, Ulex europaeus agglutinin 1, unclassified drug, vasculotropin receptor 2; 

adult, aged, apoptosis, article, cell count, cell function, cell proliferation, cell structure, cell viability, clinical 

article, concentration response, controlled study, endothelial dysfunction, endothelium cell, female, flow cytometry, glucose 

blood level, glycemic control, human, human cell, hyperglycemia, in vitro study, male, non insulin dependent diabetes 

mellitus, protein expression, quantitative analysis, stem cell 

Abstract : Background: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important role in vascular repair and a decrease in the number of 

EPCs is observed in type 2 diabetes. However, there is no report on the change of EPCs after glycemic control. This study 

therefore aimed to investigate the EPC number and function in patients with good and poor glycemic control.Methods: The 

number of EPCs was studied using flow cytometry by co-expression of CD34 and VEGFR2. The EPCs were cultured and 

characterized by the expression of UEA-I, CD34, VEGFR2, vWF and Dil-Ac-LDL engulfment, as well as the ability to form 

capillary-like structures. An in vitro study on the effect of hyperglycemia on the proliferation and viability of the cultured EPCs 

was also performed.Results: The number of EPCs in type 2 diabetes was significantly decreased compared with healthy 

controls and there was an inverse correlation between the EPC numbers and plasma glucose, as well as HbA1C. The number 

and function of EPCs in patients with good glycemic control were recovered compared with those with poor glycemic control. 

When glucose was supplemented in the culture in vitro, there was a negative effect on the proliferation and viability of EPCs, 

in a dose-dependent manner, whereas the enhancement of apoptosis was observed.Conclusion: There was EPC dysfunction 

in type 2 diabetes which might be improved by strict glycemic control. However, the circulating EPC number and proliferative 

function in patients with good glycemic control did not reach the level in healthy controls. © 2010 Churdchomjan et al; 


No.278 

Author (s) : Chusattayanond, A.D.A., Boonsilp, S., Kasisit, J., Boonmee, A., Warit, S. 

Title : Thai Acanthamoeba isolate (T4) induced apoptotic death in neuroblastoma cells via the Bax-mediated pathway 

Source : Parasitology International, Volume 59, Issue 4, December 2010, Pages 512-516 


Keywords : Acanthamoeba; Apoptosis; Bax; Bcl-2; Caspase; T4 genotype 

Abstract : A Thai Acanthamoeba isolate named AS recovered from a corneal scraping of a keratitis patient was genotypically determined 

as T4. AS trophozoites were used for studying Acanthamoeba-induced apoptosis in mouse neuroblastoma NA cells during in 

vitro co-cultivation. The Acanthamoeba-exposed NA cells showed signs of apoptosis including cell shrinkage, nuclear 

condensation and DNA fragmentation. The effect was confirmed by DNA laddering electrophoresis. Involvement of caspase 

enzymes and mitochondrial pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins (Bax and Bcl-2) in AS-induced apoptosis was determined. The 

use of Z-VAD-FMK, a pan-caspase inhibitor, significantly reduced the apoptotic effect, while Bax/Bcl-2 ratio analysis showed a 

100


significant increase in the expression of apoptotic proteins in AS-exposed NA cells. These results strongly indicated that 

apoptosis induced by AS trophozoites is caspase-dependent and is mediated by over-expression of pro-apoptotic proteins in 

the mitochondrial pathway. This is the first report on the role of Bax in mediating apoptosis induced by Acanthamoeba. © 

2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. 

No.279 

Author (s) : Chuthapisith, S., Eremin, J., El-Sheemey, M., Eremin, O. 

Title : Breast cancer chemoresistance: Emerging importance of cancer stem cells 

Source : Surgical Oncology, Volume 19, Issue 1, March 2010, Pages 27-32 


Keywords : Breast cancer; Cancer stem cells; Chemoresistance 

Abstract : Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have recently been documented in solid tumours. Evidence has suggested that CSCs are involved in 

carcinogenesis, tumour invasion and metastases, and resistance to various forms of therapies, including chemotherapy. Breast 

CSCs are characterised by the expression of CD44 but lack of CD24 (CD44+/CD24- cells). The mechanisms involved in 

chemoresistance of breast CSCs are complex and not clearly defined. Overexpression of ABC transporters, detoxification 

enzymes (aldehyde dehydrogenase), low cell turn over rate and the ability to activate the DNA check point response are 

possibly all involved. Innovative therapies, based on a better understanding of CSCs, should lead to enhanced and long-term 

cure rates in breast cancer. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. 

No.280 

Author (s) : Chutipongtanate, S., Thongboonkerd, V. 

Title : Establishment of a novel colorimetric assay for high-throughput analysis of calcium oxalate crystal growth modulation 

Source : Analyst, Volume 135, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 1309-1314 


Keywords : calcium oxalate, citrate sodium, citric acid; article, chemistry, colorimetry, crystallization, high throughput 

screening, instrumentation, methodology, particle size; Calcium Oxalate, Citrates, Colorimetry, Crystallization, High-Throughput 

Screening Assays, Particle Size 

Abstract : Crystal growth is one of the most important mechanisms of calcium oxalate (CaOx) kidney stone formation. However, 

identification and characterization of CaOx crystal growth modulators were under-investigated in the past, probably due to 

the lack of an assay that could measure modulatory activities of a large number of candidates simultaneously. We therefore 

developed such a high-throughput assay based on colorimetric measurements of free calcium ions using Arsenazo III in a 96well 

microplate, and a microplate reader (λ620 nm). CaOx monohydrate (COM) was crystallized in the absence (blank 

control) or presence of 5 mM sodium citrate (Na3Citrate) (positive control) or 5 mM sodium chloride (NaCl) (negative control). 

The results showed that Na 3Citrate, but not NaCl, could significantly inhibit COM crystal growth. The reliability of this novel 

assay was validated by quantitative analysis of COM crystal size. Degree of the inhibitory activity of Na 3Citrate obtained from 

our novel assay was comparable to that obtained from the reference method (34.5 ± 4.3 vs. 40.0 ± 1.6%Inhibition, 

respectively; p was not significant). The high-throughput capability of the novel assay was demonstrated by simultaneous 

measurement of 33 samples (a triplicated set of 11 different concentrations of Na 3Citrate) with linear correlation between 

Na3Citrate concentrations and COM crystal growth inhibitory activities (r = 0.893; p < 0.0001). In summary, we have 

successfully established a novel assay for high-throughput analysis of CaOx crystal growth modulatory activities of 

compounds that will be very useful for a large-scale analysis of CaOx crystal growth modulators. © The Royal Society of 

Chemistry 2010. 

No.281 


Title : Renal tubular cell membranes inhibit growth but promote aggregation of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals 

Source : Chemico-Biological Interactions, Volume 188, Issue 3, 5 December 2010, Pages 421-426 

Keywords : Aggregation; Calcium oxalate; Crystal; Growth; Renal tubular cell; Stone 

Abstract : Cell membranes have been proposed to serve as promoters for calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) kidney stone formation. 

However, direct evidence to demonstrate the modulatory effects of renal tubular cell membranes on COM crystals does not 

currently exist. We thus examined the effects of intact MDCK cells and their fragmented membranes on COM crystal growth, 

aggregation and transformation. COM crystals were generated in the absence (control) or presence of intact MDCK cells or 

101


their membrane fragments. Intact MDCK cells and their membrane fragments significantly inhibited COM crystal growth (22.6% 

and 25.2% decreases in size, respectively) and significantly reduced COM total crystal mass (23.1% and 25.6% decreases, 

respectively). In contrast, both of them markedly promoted crystal aggregation (1.9-fold and 3.2-fold increases, respectively). 

Moreover, both intact cells and membrane fragments could transform COM to calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) crystals. 

Finally, COM crystal growth inhibitory activities of both membrane forms were successfully confirmed by a 

spectrophotometric oxalate-depletion assay. Our data provide the first direct evidence to demonstrate the dual modulatory 

effects of MDCK membranes on COM crystals. Although growth of individual COM crystals was inhibited, their aggregation was 

promoted. These findings provide additional insights into the mechanisms of COM kidney stone formation. © Elsevier Ireland 

Ltd. 

No.282 


Title : Systematic comparisons of artificial urine formulas for in vitro cellular study 

Source : Analytical Biochemistry, Volume 402, Issue 1, July 2010, Pages 110-112 


Keywords : article, artificial urine, biocompatibility, cell strain, chemical composition, comparative study, in vitro 

study, kidney, nonhuman, priority journal, simulation, ultrafiltration, urinary tract, urine; Animals, Apoptosis, Cell Line, Cell 

Proliferation, Dogs, Humans, Kidney, Urine 

Abstract : Artificial urine (AU) is widely used for in vitro cellular study to simulate normal physiological environment of the kidney and 

urinary tract. However, some compositions of many of previously established AU formulas are out of their physiological 

ranges in normal human urine. Therefore, we established a new AU formula, named " AU-Siriraj," and then performed 

systematic comparisons of AU-Siriraj with other six previously established AU formulas, ultrafiltrated (UF) urine, and blankcontrol 

to determine their compatibility with MDCK cells. The data indicate that AU-Siriraj is the best, and AU-3 is the second 

best, AU formula for in vitro cellular study. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. 

No.283 


Title : Red Blood Cell Membrane Fragments but Not Intact Red Blood Cells Promote Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate Crystal Growth 

and Aggregation 

Source : JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Volume: 184, Issue: 2, Pages: 743-749, DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2010.03.107, Published: AUG 2010 


Keywords : kidney; kidney calculi; erythrocytes; calcium oxalate; crystallization 

Abstract : Purpose: Cell membranes are thought to promote calcium oxalate kidney stone formation but to our knowledge the 

modulating effect of red blood cell membranes on calcium oxalate crystals has not been previously investigated. Thus, we 

examined the effects of red blood cell membrane fragments on calcium oxalate monohydrate and calcium oxalate dihydrate 

crystal growth and aggregation. Materials and Methods: Calcium oxalate monohydrate and calcium oxalate dihydrate crystals 

were treated with red blood cell membrane fragments or intact red blood cells from a healthy donor. Phase contrast 

microscopy was performed to evaluate crystal morphology and aggregation. We used ImageMaster (TM) 2D Platinum software 

to evaluate crystal size and spectrophotometric oxalate depletion assay to monitor crystal growth. Results: Red blood cell 

membrane fragments had significant promoting activity on calcium oxalate monohydrate crystal growth with an 

approximately 75% increase in size and aggregation with an approximately 2.5-fold increase in aggregate number compared to 

the control without membrane fragments or cells. Approximately 50% of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals were 

adhered by red blood cell membrane fragments. Intact red blood cells had no significant effect on calcium oxalate 

monohydrate crystal growth or aggregation but they could transform calcium oxalate monohydrate to calcium oxalate 

dihydrate crystals. Red blood cell membrane fragments and intact red blood cells had no effect on calcium oxalate 

dihydrate crystals. The promoting activity of red blood cell membrane fragments on calcium oxalate monohydrate crystal 

growth was successfully confirmed by spectrophotometric oxalate depletion assay. Conclusions: To our knowledge our data 

provide the first direct evidence that red blood cell membrane fragments are a promoting factor for calcium oxalate 

monohydrate crystal growth and aggregation. Thus, they may aggravate calcium oxalate stone formation. 

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No.284 

Author (s) : Cordell, H.J., Darlay, R., Charoen, P., Stewart, A., Gullett, A.M., Lambert, H.J., Malcolm, S., Feather, S.A., Goodship, T.H.J., Woolf, 

A.S., Kenda, R.B., Goodship, J.A. 

Title : Whole-genome linkage and association scan in primary, nonsyndromic vesicoureteric reflux 

Source : Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, Volume 21, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 113-123 


Keywords : AGTR2 gene, article, gene, genetic association, genetic linkage, hnf1b gene, human, pax2 gene, population genetic 

parameters, priority journal, reflux nephropathy, ret gene, robo2 gene, single nucleotide polymorphism, upk3a 

gene, vesicoureteral reflux; Case-Control Studies, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Great Britain, Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1beta, 

Humans, Linkage (Genetics), Logistic Models, Membrane Glycoproteins, PAX2 Transcription Factor, Polymorphism, Single 

Nucleotide, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret, Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2, Receptors, Immunologic, Siblings, Slovenia, Vesico- 

Ureteral Reflux 

Abstract : Primary vesicoureteric reflux accounts for approximately 10% of kidney failure requiring dialysis or transplantation, and sibling 

studies suggest a large genetic component. Here, we report a whole-genome linkage and association scan in primary, 

nonsyndromic vesicoureteric reflux and reflux nephropathy. We used linkage and family-based association approaches to 

analyze 320 white families (661 affected individuals, generally from families with two affected siblings) from two populations 

(United Kingdom and Slovenian). We found modest evidence of linkage but no clear overlap with previous studies. We tested 

for but did not detect association with six candidate genes (AGTR2, HNF1B, PAX2, RET, ROBO2, and UPK3A). Family-based 

analysis detected associations with one single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the UK families, with three SNPs in the 

Slovenian families, and with three SNPs in the combined families. A case-control analysis detected associations with three 

additional SNPs. The results of this study, which is the largest to date investigating the genetics of reflux, suggest that major 

loci may not exist for this common renal tract malformation within European populations. Copyright © 2010 by the American 

Society of Nephrology. 

No.285 

Author (s) : Currier, J.R., Ngauy, V., de Souza, M.S., Ratto-Kim, S., Cox, J.H., Polonis, V.R., Earl, P., Moss, B., Peel, S., Slike, B., Sriplienchan, S., 

Thongcharoen, P., Paris, R.M., Robb, M.L., Kim, J., Michael, N.L., Marovich, M.A. 

Title : Phase I safety and immunogenicity evaluation of MVA-CMDR, a multigenic, recombinant modified vaccinia ankara-HIV-1 

vaccine candidate 



Keywords : chromium 51, gamma interferon, glycoprotein gp 120, Human immunodeficiency virus vaccine, modified vaccinia ankara 

chiang mai double recombinant vaccine, placebo, unclassified drug, virus envelope protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 

protein; adult, article, CD4+ T lymphocyte, cellular immunity, clinical trial, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, cytokine 

release, dose response, drug administration route, drug efficacy, drug megadose, drug safety, drug tolerability, enzyme linked 

immunosorbent assay, enzyme linked immunospot assay, female, human, human cell, Human immunodeficiency virus 

infection, humoral immunity, immunogenicity, lymphocyte proliferation, male, normal human, phase 1 clinical 

trial, randomized controlled trial, Thailand, United States, drug effect, fatigue, flow cytometry, gene vector, genetic 

recombination, genetics, headache, Human immunodeficiency virus 1, immunology, intradermal drug 

administration, intramuscular drug administration, methodology, multicenter study, nausea, vaccination, Vaccinia virus; Human 

immunodeficiency virus 1; Adult, AIDS Vaccines, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent 

Assay, Fatigue, Female, Flow Cytometry, Genetic Vectors, Headache, HIV Infections, HIV-1, Human Immunodeficiency Virus 

Proteins, Humans, Immunity, Cellular, Immunity, Humoral, Injections, Intradermal, Injections, 

Intramuscular, Male, Nausea, Recombination, Genetic, Thailand, United States, Vaccination, Vaccinia virus 

Abstract : Background: We conducted a Phase I randomized, dose-escalation, route-comparison trial of MVA-CMDR, a candidate HIV-1 

vaccine based on a recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara viral vector expressing HIV-1 genes env/gag/pol. The HIV sequences 

were derived from circulating recombinant form CRF01_AE, which predominates in Thailand. The objective was to evaluate 

safety and immunogenicity of MVA-CMDR in human volunteers in the US and Thailand. Methodology/Principal Findings: MVA- 

CMDR or placebo was administered intra-muscularly (IM; 107 or 108 pfu) or intradermally (ID; 106 or 107 pfu) at months 0, 1 

and 3, to 48 healthy volunteers at low risk for HIV-1 infection. Twelve volunteers in each dosage group were randomized to 

receive MVA-CMDR or placebo (10:2). Volunteers were actively monitored for local and systemic reactogenicity and adverse 

events post vaccination. Cellular immunogenicity was assessed by a validated IFNγ Elispot assay, an intracellular cytokine 

103


staining assay, lymphocyte proliferation and a 51Cr-release assay. Humoral immunogenicity was assessed by ADCC for gp120 

and binding antibody ELISAs for gp120 and p24. MVA-CMDR was safe and well tolerated with no vaccine related serious 

adverse events. Cell-mediated immune responses were: (i) moderate in magnitude (median IFNγ Elispot of 78 SFC/106 PBMC 

at 108 pfu IM), but high in response rate (70% 51Cr-release positive; 90% Elispot positive; 100% ICS positive, at 108 pfu IM); (ii) 

predominantly HIV Env-specific CD4+ T cells, with a high proliferative capacity and durable for at least 6 months (100% LPA 

response rate by the IM route); (iv) dose- and routedependent with 108 pfu IM being the most immunogenic treatment. 

Binding antibodies against gp120 and p24 were detectable in all vaccination groups with ADCC capacity detectable at the 

highest dose (40% positive at 108 pfu IM). Conclusions/Significance: MVA-CMDR delivered both intramuscularly and 

intradermally was safe, well-tolerated and elicited durable cell-mediated and humoral immune responses. 

No.286 

Author (s) : Dajpratham, P., Ploypetch, T., Kiattavorncharoen, S., Boonsiriseth, K. 

Title : Prevalence and associated factors of musculoskeletal pain among the dental personnel in a dental school 



Keywords : Dental assistant; Dentist; Musculoskeletal; Pain; Prevalence 

Abstract : Objective: To study the prevalence and associated factors of musculoskeletal (MS) pain among the dental personnel. In 

addition, impacts and treatment of MS pain were reported. Material and Method: Random sampling of 390 participants from 

the name lists of dental personnel working in each department. Self-administered questionnaires were equally distributed to 

three groups of dental personnel namely clinical instructors, postgraduate students, and dental assistants. The present study 

was conducted as a survey in the Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok between December 2008 and January 

2009. Results: Three hundred and ninety questionnaires were delivered and 164 questionnaires were returned (response rate 

42.5%). The participants with MS pain were 32 clinical instructors (20.3%), 52 postgraduate students (32.9%), and 74 dental 

assistants (46.8%). Their mean age was 33.0 ± 9.1 years old. The MS pain found respectively was shoulder pain 72.2% (n = 

114), neck pain 70.3% (n = 111), and low back pain 50.6% (n = 80). The participants with shoulder and neck pain were 

combined and defined as cervicobrachial pain. The associated factor of cervicobrachial pain was working status. Being a 

clinical instructor and postgraduate student were associated with cervicobrachial pain with OR being 4.7 [1.3, 7.1] and 4.6 [1.6, 

13.4], respectively. The impacts of MS pain among the dental personnel included usage of pain relieving medication (34.8%), 

seeking medical evaluation (32.3%), reduction in working hours (27.2%), difficulty sleeping (22.8%), and work absence (10.8%), 

respectively. The treatments of MS pain utilized to alleviate those impacts were Thai traditional massage (51.9%), medication 

(28.5%), physical therapy (15.8%), acupuncture (7.6%), and alternative medicine (4.4%), respectively. Conclusion: 

Cervicobrachial pain was the most prevalent MS pain among the dental personnel and working status was associated with 

their MS pain problems. The impact of MS pain was predominantly usage of pain relieving medication. Thai traditional 

massage was the most utilized treatment. 

No.287 

Author (s) : Danpornprasert, P., Foongladda, S., Tscheikuna, J. 

Title : Impact of bronchoalveolar lavage galactomannan on the outcome of patients at risk for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. 



Keywords : antifungal agent, galactomannan, mannan; adolescent, adult, aged, article, blood, bronchoscopy, chemistry, female, follow 

up, human, immunocompromised patient, lung aspergillosis, lung lavage, lung mycosis, male, microbiology, middle 

aged, mortality, prospective study, risk, sensitivity and specificity, survival rate, treatment outcome; 

Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Antifungal Agents, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid, Bronchoscopy, Female, Follow-Up 

Studies, Humans, Immunocompromised Host, Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis, Lung Diseases, Fungal, Male, Mannans, Middle 

Aged, Prospective Studies, Risk, Sensitivity and Specificity, Survival Rate, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among 

immunocompromised patients especially in neutropenic and patients treated with immunosuppressive drugs. New diagnostic 

tools have been developed to improve treatment and outcome. Compared with serum galactomannan, bronchoalveolar 

lavage galactomannan (BAL GM) detection has higher sensitivity (81% vs. 71%) and comparable specificity (87.6% vs. 89%). No 

study has correlated this test result to clinical outcome. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A prospective non-randomised study was 

conducted from March to December 2008 in adult patients who were suspected to have invasive pulmonary aspergillosis 

104


(IPA). Serum galactomannan levels were measured and bronchoscopy was performed to obtained BAL fluid for direct 

examination, culture, and measurement of galactomannan level. Response to treatment and mortality within 6-weeks of 

follow-up were compared between positive and negative BAL GM groups. Factors influencing outcome were also analysed. 

RESULTS: There were 30 patients with 3 probable, 11 possible and 17 no IPA. Other causative organisms can be identified in 8 

of 17 patients in the no IPA group. Overall, BAL GM at the 0.5 cut-off yielded a 46% positive result compared with 13% of 

serum GM (p = 0.005). There was no significant difference in positive result between BAL GM at 1.0 cut-off and serum GM. By 

using BAL GM as a mycological criteria, 54% of possible IPA was upgraded to probable IPA. Neither BAL GM nor serum GM 

results were associated with clinical response and mortality. Recovery of neutropenia was the only factor associated with 

response to treatment and outcome (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION: BAL GM detection has a higher positive rate than serum GM in 

patients at risk for IPA. It is helpful in diagnosis and categorization of IPA, but its impact on clinical outcome cannot be 

demonstrated in this study. 

No.288 

Author (s) : Daung-nkern, J., Vattanaviboon, P., Mongkolsuk, S. 

Title : Inactivation of nfuA enhances susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to fluoroquinolone antibiotics 

Source : Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Volume 65, Issue 8, 4 June 2010, Article number dkq194, Pages 1831-1832 


Keywords : Fluoroquinolones; Iron-sulphur clusters; Nfua; P. aeruginosa 


No.289 

Author (s) : Decker, M.R., McCauley, H.L., Phuengsamran, D., Janyam, S., Seage III, G.R., Silverman, J.G. 

Title : Violence victimisation, sexual risk and sexually transmitted infection symptoms among female sex workers in Thailand 

Source : Sexually Transmitted Infections, Volume 86, Issue 3, June 2010, Pages 236-240 


Keywords : adolescent, adult, article, clinical assessment, comparative study, condom, demography, female, health 

survey, human, incidence, informed consent, major clinical study, occupational exposure, prevalence, priority 

journal, prostitution, risk factor, sexual crime, sexual health, sexually transmitted disease, symptom, Thailand, violence, work 

environment; Adolescent, Adult, Crime Victims, Female, Humans, Prevalence, Prostitution, Sexually Transmitted 

Diseases, Thailand, Unsafe Sex, Violence, Young Adult 

Abstract : Background/Objectives: Commercial sex work is a primary context for heterosexual HIV/AIDS transmission. Violence 

victimisation is considered to compromise women's ability to protect against HIV and other sexually transmitted infections 

(STI); little research has investigated violence as it relates to sexual risk and STI among female sex workers (FSW). This study 

sought to compare sexual risk and STI symptoms among FSW based on recent violence exposure. Methods: Data from 815 

FSW in Thailand were used to assess the prevalence of physical or sexual violence within the context of sex work, and 

associations of victimisation with sexual risk and STI symptoms. Results: Approximately one in seven FSW (14.6%) had 

experienced violence in the week before the survey. Compared with their unexposed counterparts, FSW exposed to violence 

demonstrated a greater risk of condom failure (19.6% vs 12.3%, ARR 1.92, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.95) and client condom refusal 

(85.7% vs 69.0%, ARR 1.24, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.35). In analyses adjusted for sexual risk, violence related to STI symptoms 

collectively (ARR 1.11, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.21) and genital lesions as an individual STI symptom (ARR 1.78, 95% CI 1.20 to 2.66). 

Conclusion: Physical and sexual violence against FSW in Thailand appears to be common, with women experiencing such 

violence demonstrating diminished capacity for STI/HIV harm reduction and greater prevalence of STI symptoms. Efforts to 

reduce violence towards this vulnerable population must be prioritised, as a means of protecting the health and wellbeing of 

FSW, and as a key component of STI/HIV prevention and control. 

No.290 

Author (s) : Dejnirattisai, W., Jumnainsong, A., Onsirisakul, N., Fitton, P., Vasanawathana, S., Limpitikul, W., Puttikhunt, C., Edwards, C., 

Duangchinda, T., Supasa, S., Chawansuntati, K., Malasit, P., Mongkolsapaya, J., Screaton, G. 

Title : Cross-reacting antibodies enhance dengue virus infection in humans 

Source : Science, Volume 328, Issue 5979, 7 May 2010, Pages 745-748 


105


Keywords : cross reacting antibody, dengue vaccine, Fc receptor, human monoclonal antibody, membrane protein, protein precursor; 

antibody, dengue fever, disease resistance, disease spread, vaccine, virus; antibody blood level, antibody dependent 

enhancement, antibody response, article, controlled study, dengue, Dengue virus, disease severity, drug 

design, human, human cell, nonhuman, priority journal, protein cleavage, serotype, surface property; 

Aedes, Animals, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Antibodies, Viral, Antibody-Dependent 

Enhancement, Antigens, Viral, Cell Line, Cross Reactions, Dengue, Dengue Vaccines, Dengue Virus, Encephalitis Virus, 

Japanese, Humans, Immune Evasion, Monocytes, Receptors, Fc, Serotyping, U937 Cells, Viral Envelope Proteins, Viral Matrix 

Proteins, Virus Replication; Dengue virus, Dengue virus group 

Abstract : Dengue virus co-circulates as four serotypes, and sequential infections with more than one serotype are common. One 

hypothesis for the increased severity seen in secondary infections is antibodydependent enhancement (ADE) leading to 

increased replication in Fc receptor-bearing cells. In this study, we have generated a panel of human monoclonal antibodies 

to dengue virus. Antibodies to the structural precursor-membrane protein (prM) form a major component of the response. 

These antibodies are highly cross-reactive among the dengue virus serotypes and, even at high concentrations, do not 

neutralize infection but potently promote ADE. We propose that the partial cleavage of prM from the viral surface reduces 

the density of antigen available for viral neutralization, leaving dengue viruses susceptible to ADE by antibody to prM, a 

finding that has implications for future vaccine design. 

No.291 

Author (s) : Dejthevaporn, C.; Waisayarat, J. 

Title : Mitochondrial cytopathy presenting with late onset irritative myopathy with acute respiratory failure: The important role of 

muscle biopsy 





No.292 

Author (s) : Dewasurendra, R.L.; Suriyaphol, P.; Fernando, D.; Sereejaitham, P.; Karunaweera, N.D. 

Title : GENETIC MARKERS AND RISK OF MALARIA INFECTIONS: GENETIC-EPIDEMIOLOGY STUDY IN A LOW MALARIA ENDEMIC AREA OF 

SRI LANKA 





No.293 

Author (s) : DeWeaver, M.A., Shannon, R. 

Title : Waning vigilance and the disposition effect: Evidence from Thailand on individual investor decision making 

Source : Journal of Socio-Economics, Volume 39, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 18-23 


Keywords : Cognitive dissonance; Disposition effect; Entrapment; Investor behavior; Vigilant information processing 

Abstract : We argue that existing explanations for the stock-market investor's disposition to "ride losers too long" are unsatisfactory 

because they abstract from any role for information processing. We propose instead that the disposition effect is a special 

case of "waning vigilance:" investors pay less attention to new information and analysis when making decisions about loss 

makers and are therefore slower to sell them when arguments in favor of holding cease to be valid. Results from a Thai 

individual investor survey are presented as empirical evidence in support of the hypothesis that vigilance is reduced following 

losses. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 

No.294 

Author (s) : Dharmasaroja, P. 

Title : Signal intensity loss on t2-weighted gradient-recalled echo magnetic resonance images in the basal ganglia in a patient with 

chronic hepatic encephalopathy 

106


Source : Neurologist, Volume 16, Issue 4, July 2010, Pages 265-268 


Keywords : basal ganglia; brain MRI; extrapyramidal; liver; manganese 

Abstract : Background: Bilaterally symmetrical hyperintensity on T1-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRIs) without abnormalities 

on T2-weighted images in the basal ganglia is described in patients with chronic liver disease. Manganese, which escapes 

hepatic clearance because of a portosystemic shunt or liver dysfunction, is thought to be involved in alterations of signal 

intensity on MRIs, and exerts neurotoxicity, which results in neuropsychiatric disturbances including extrapyramidal symptoms. 

Rationales and case: Currently, reports evaluating interpretations of hyperintensity on T1- and normal intensity on T2weighted 

images still provide conflicting results. T2-weighted gradient-recalled echo (GRE) MR imaging is dependent on 

magnetic susceptibility effect and is highly sensitive to static magnetic field inhomogeneity. Field distortions caused by 

material with high magnetic susceptibility induce signal intensity loss, resulting in typical signal intensity voids. This article 

describes asymmetric signal intensity loss on T2-weighted GRE MRIs in the globus pallidus in a patient with chronic hepatitis C 

infection presenting with a gradual onset of lethargy, dysarthria, and gait instability; whereas T1-weighted MRIs showed 

symmetrical hyperintensity in this region and the midbrain and T2-weighted images showed normal signal intensity. 

Conclusion: T2-weighted GRE MR imaging should be included in brain MR imaging studies of patients with chronic liver disease 

presenting with extrapyramidal symptoms for better localization of the lesions. © 2010 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 

No.295 

Author (s) : Dhitavat, J.; Charoenwatanachokchai, A.; Kongsin, S.; Kaewkungwal, J.; Ruengkris, T.; Bussaratid, V; Pitisuttithum, P. 

Title : BURDEN AND MEDICAL COSTS OF ANOGENITAL WARTS IN BANGKOK, THAILAND 





No.296 

Author (s) : Dimmock, S.G., Kouwenberg, R. 

Title : Loss-aversion and household portfolio choice 

Source : Journal of Empirical Finance, Volume 17, Issue 3, June 2010, Pages 441-459 


Keywords : Limited participation; Loss-aversion; Portfolio choice; Prospect theory; Stock market participation 

Abstract : In this paper we empirically test if loss-aversion affects household participation in equity markets, household allocations to 

equity, and household allocations between mutual funds and individual stocks. Using household survey data, we obtain 

direct measures of each surveyed household's loss-aversion coefficient from questions involving hypothetical payoffs. We find 

that higher loss-aversion is associated with a lower probability of participation. We also find that higher loss-aversion reduces 

the probability of direct stockholding by significantly more than the probability of owning mutual funds. After controlling for 

sample selection we do not find a relationship between loss-aversion and portfolio allocations to equity. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. 

No.297 

Author (s) : Disayabutr, S., Tscheikuna, J., Nana, A. 

Title : The endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial lung biopsy in peripheral pulmonary lesions. 



Keywords : adult, aged, article, biopsy, bronchoscope, bronchoscopy, cross-sectional study, echography, endoscopic 

echography, female, human, instrumentation, lung tumor, male, methodology, middle aged, multiple pulmonary 

nodules, pathology, prospective study; Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Biopsy, Bronchoscopes, Bronchoscopy, Cross-Sectional 

Studies, Endosonography, Female, Humans, Lung Neoplasms, Male, Middle Aged, Multiple Pulmonary Nodules, Prospective 

Studies, Young Adult 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: Peripheral pulmonary lesions are technically challenging with conventional bronchoscopy in obtaining tissue 

diagnosis. The recently developed small-caliber ultrasonographic probe can be introduced via the working channel of a 

flexible bronchoscope to localize peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs) prior to transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB). The 

endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial lung biopsy (EBUS-TBLB) is a new diagnostic method for the diagnosis of 

107


pulmonary lesions in our center. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic yield of EBUS-TBLB in pulmonary lesions. STUDY 

DESIGN: A prospective cross-sectional study. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We enrolled 152 patients with pulmonary lesions that 

were beyond the segmental bronchus and had no evidence of endobronchial lesion, who underwent bronchoscopy in our 

center. With EBUS assisted, transbronchial lung biopsy was performed after localizing and measuring distance from the tip of 

bronchoscope to the lesion. The diagnostic yield was calculated. RESULTS: The pulmonary lesions were visible on EBUS 

image in 98.7% of cases. The overall diagnostic yield of EBUS-TBLB was 66.4%. The diagnostic yield in the infiltrative and mass 

lesions were 86.4% and 63.1%, respectively. The lesions which EBUS probe located within it were diagnosed by EBUS-TBLB 

about 74.8%. The benign and malignant lesions were diagnosed by EBUS-TBLB about 81.1% and 58.6%, respectively. The 

average EBUS time was 3.55 +/- 2.29 minutes. No complication of EBUS and transbronchial lung biopsy were observed in this 

study. CONCLUSION: EBUS-TBLB is a safe procedure for diagnosing pulmonary lesions. Our results indicate that the EBUS-TBLB 

improves the diagnostic yield compared to conventional brochoscopy. 

No.298 

Author (s) : Disthabanchong, S., Treeruttanawanich, A. 

Title : Oral sodium bicarbonate improves thyroid function in predialysis chronic kidney disease 

Source : American Journal of Nephrology, Volume 32, Issue 6, December 2010, Pages 549-556 


Keywords : Acidosis; Chronic kidney disease; Renal failure; Sodium bicarbonate; Thyroid; Thyroid-stimulating 

hormone; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine 

Abstract : Background/Aims: Metabolic acidosis (MA) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) associates with protein energy malnutrition, 

osteoporosis, abnormal endocrine function and increased mortality. Oral sodium bicarbonate has been shown to improve 

nutritional status and preserve renal function in CKD. Depressed thyroid function has been described in CKD and was believed 

to be related to MA. This is a prospective randomized study that examined the effect of oral sodium bicarbonate on thyroid 

function in predialysis CKD with MA. Methods: Predialysis CKD patients with serum total CO2 ≤22 mM were randomized into 

two groups. The treatment group received increasing dose of oral sodium bicarbonate until serum total CO2 was ≥24 mM. 

Control patients were kept on the same medications. Thyroid function tests were measured at baseline and again after 8-12 

weeks. Results: All patients had a glomerular filtration rate <35 ml/min/1.73 m2. Serum total CO2 increased significantly in 

the treatment group and was unchanged in the control group. At baseline, over half of the patients had T3 below the lower 

limit of normal. At study completion, free T3 declined further in the control group, whereas free T3, total T3, free T4 and TSH 

rose significantly in the treatment group. Percentage changes of total CO2 from baseline were strongly associated with the 

changes of T3 parameters. Glomerular filtration rate was maintained in the treatment group but declined significantly in the 

control group. Conclusion: Oral sodium bicarbonate, through correction of MA, improved thyroid function in predialysis CKD. 

Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel. 

No.299 

Author (s) : Ditcharoen, N., Naruedomkul, K., Cercone, N. 

Title : SignMT: An alternative language learning tool 

Source : Computers and Education, Volume 55, Issue 1, August 2010, Pages 118-130 


Keywords : Computer-assisted language learning; Computer-mediate communication; Interactive learning environments; Media in 

education; Sign language machine translation 

Abstract : Learning a second language is very difficult, especially, for the disabled; the disability may be a barrier to learn and to utilize 

information written in text form. We present the SignMT, Thai sign to Thai machine translation system, which is able to 

translate from Thai sign language into Thai text. In the translation process, SignMT takes into account the differences between 

Thai and Thai sign language in terms of both syntax and semantic to ensure the accuracy of translation. SignMT was designed 

to be not only an automatic interpreter but also a language learning tool. It provides meaning of each word in both text and 

image forms which is easy to understand by the deaf. The grammar information and the order of the sentence are presented 

in order to help the deaf in learning Thai, their second language. With SignMT, deaf students are less dependent on a teacher, 

have more freedom to experiment with their own language, and improve their knowledge and learning skill. In our 

experiment, SignMT was implemented to translate sentences/phrases which were collected from different sources including 

textbooks, cartoons, bedtime story, and newspapers. SignMT was tested and evaluated in terms of the translation accuracy 

108


and user satisfaction. The evaluation results show that the translation accuracy is acceptable, and it satisfies the users' needs. 

© 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.300 

Author (s) : Domrongkitchaiporn, S., Disthabanchong, S., Cheawchanthanakij, R., Niticharoenpong, K., Stitchantrakul, W., Charoenphandhu, 

N., Krishnamra, N. 

Title : Oral phosphate supplementation corrects hypophosphatemia and normalizes plasma FGF23 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels 

in women with chronic metabolic acidosis 

Source : Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology and Diabetes, Volume 118, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 105-112 


Keywords : Acidemia; Ammonium chloride; Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23); Parathyroid hormone 

Abstract : Background: Chronic metabolic acidosis (CMA) is known to induce renal phosphate wasting and hypophosphatemia by 

enhancing bone resorption and inhibiting renal phosphate reabsorption. However, nothing is known regarding changes in the 

plasma levels of phosphate-regulating hormones during CMA, especially in humans with normal kidney function. Methods: 

Fifteen healthy Thai female volunteers were given NH4Cl orally for 7 days to induce CMA with or without oral phosphate 

supplementation. Blood and 24-h urine specimens were collected prior to and after CMA induction. Plasma concentrations 

and fractional excretion of calcium and inorganic phosphate as well as plasma levels of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 23, 

25(OH)D3, 1,25(OH) 2D3 and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) were determined. Results: CMA led to hypophosphatemia and 

hypocalcemia with increases in the fractional excretion of calcium and phosphate. Plasma concentrations of FGF23, 25(OH)D3 

and iPTH were decreased, whereas that of 1,25(OH) 2D3 was increased. After oral phosphate supplementation, CMA-induced 

changes in the concentrations of the studied ions, FGF23 and 25(OH)D3, but not those of 1,25(OH)2D3 and iPTH, were 

diminished. Conclusions: The CMA-induced hypophosphatemia was likely to initiate a negative feedback response, thereby 

leading to reduction in the plasma levels of hyperphosphaturic hormones, FGF23 and PTH. An increase in the plasma 

1,25(OH)2D3 level, despite diminishing 25(OH)D 3 storage pool, may help enhance the intestinal phosphate absorption. Oral 

phosphate supplementation abolished the effects of CMA on FGF23 and 25(OH)D3 levels, suggesting that the plasma 

phosphate concentration is the primary regulator of the plasma levels of these hormones during CMA. © J. A. Barth Verlag in 

Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart - New York. 

No.301 

Author (s) : Dondorp, A.M., Fanello, C.I., Hendriksen, I.C., Gomes, E., Seni, A., Chhaganlal, K.D., Bojang, K., Olaosebikan, R., Anunobi, N., 

Maitland, K., Kivaya, E., Agbenyega, T., Nguah, S.B., Evans, J., Gesase, S., Kahabuka, C., Mtove, G., Nadjm, B., Deen, J., Mwanga- 

Amumpaire, J., Nansumba, M., Karema, C., Umulisa, N., Uwimana, A., Mokuolu, O.A., Adedoyin, O.T., Johnson, W.B., Tshefu, 

A.K., Onyamboko, M.A., Sakulthaew, T., Ngum, W.P., Silamut, K., Stepniewska, K., Woodrow, C.J., Bethell, D., Wills, B., Oneko, 

M., Peto, T.E., Von Seidlein, L., Day, N.P., White, N.J. 

Title : Artesunate versus quinine in the treatment of severe falciparum malaria in African children (AQUAMAT): An open-label, 

randomised trial 

Source : The Lancet, Volume 376, Issue 9753, 13 November 2010, Pages 1647-1657 


Keywords : artemether plus benflumetol, artesunate, quinine; adolescent, Africa, article, child, clinical trial, coma, controlled clinical 

trial, controlled study, convulsion, drug tolerability, female, human, hypersensitivity reaction, hypoglycemia, loading drug 

dose, malaria falciparum, male, mortality, multicenter study, neurologic disease, outcome assessment, pediatrics, preschool 

child, priority journal, randomized controlled trial, rash, school child, treatment outcome, unspecified side effect; Africa South 

of the Sahara, Antimalarials, Artemisinins, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Malaria, 

Falciparum, Male, Quinine, Survival Rate 

Abstract : Severe malaria is a major cause of childhood death and often the main reason for paediatric hospital admission in sub- 

Saharan Africa. Quinine is still the established treatment of choice, although evidence from Asia suggests that artesunate is 

associated with a lower mortality. We compared parenteral treatment with either artesunate or quinine in African children 

with severe malaria. This open-label, randomised trial was undertaken in 11 centres in nine African countries. Children (


treat. This trial is registered, number ISRCTN50258054. 5425 children were enrolled; 2712 were assigned to artesunate and 

2713 to quinine. All patients were analysed for the primary outcome. 230 (8·5) patients assigned to artesunate treatment died 

compared with 297 (10·9) assigned to quinine treatment (odds ratio [OR] stratified for study site 0·75, 95 CI 0·63-0·90; relative 

reduction 22·5, 95 CI 8·1-36·9; p=0·0022). Incidence of neurological sequelae did not differ significantly between groups, but 

the development of coma (65/1832 [3·5] with artesunate vs 91/1768 [5·1] with quinine; OR 0·69 95 CI 0·49-0·95; p=0·0231), 

convulsions (224/2712 [8·3] vs 273/2713 [10·1]; OR 0·80, 0·66-0·97; p=0·0199), and deterioration of the coma score (166/2712 

[6·1] vs 208/2713 [7·7]; OR 0·78, 0·64-0·97; p=0·0245) were all significantly less frequent in artesunate recipients than in 

quinine recipients. Post-treatment hypoglycaemia was also less frequent in patients assigned to artesunate than in those 

assigned to quinine (48/2712 [1·8] vs 75/2713 [2·8]; OR 0·63, 0·43-0·91; p=0·0134). Artesunate was well tolerated, with no 

serious drug-related adverse effects. Artesunate substantially reduces mortality in African children with severe malaria. These 

data, together with a meta-analysis of all trials comparing artesunate and quinine, strongly suggest that parenteral artesunate 

should replace quinine as the treatment of choice for severe falciparum malaria worldwide. The Wellcome Trust. © 2010 

Elsevier Ltd. 

No.302 

Author (s) : Dondorp, A.M., Yeung, S., White, L., Nguon, C., Day, N.P.J., Socheat, D., Von Seidlein, L. 

Title : Artemisinin resistance: Current status and scenarios for containment 

Source : Nature Reviews Microbiology, Volume 8, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 272-280 


Keywords : 8 aminoquinoline derivative, amodiaquine, amodiaquine plus artesunate, arteether, artemether, artemether plus 

benflumetol, artemisinin, artemisinin derivative, artesunate, atovaquone plus 

proguanil, benflumetol, chloroquine, dihydroartemisinin, dihydroartemisinin derivative, dihydroartemisinin plus 

piperaquine, fansidar, mefloquine, primaquine, pyronaridine, quinine; antimalarial drug resistance, brain 

malaria, Cambodia, disease surveillance, drug exposure, drug half life, drug structure, early diagnosis, endemic 

disease, human, malaria, malaria falciparum, mathematical model, monotherapy, phenotype, priority journal, review, single 

drug dose, Thailand, vector control; Antimalarials, Artemisinins, Cambodia, Disease Outbreaks, Drug Resistance, Malaria, 

Falciparum, Plasmodium falciparum, Thailand; Plasmodium falciparum 

Abstract : Artemisinin combination therapies are the first-line treatments for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in most 

malaria-endemic countries. Recently, partial artemisinin-resistant P. falciparum malaria has emerged on the 

Cambodiaĝ€"Thailand border. Exposure of the parasite population to artemisinin monotherapies in subtherapeutic doses for 

over 30 years, and the availability of substandard artemisinins, have probably been the main driving force in the selection of 

the resistant phenotype in the region. A multifaceted containment programme has recently been launched, including early 

diagnosis and appropriate treatment, decreasing drug pressure, optimising vector control, targeting the mobile population, 

strengthening management and surveillance systems, and operational research. Mathematical modelling can be a useful tool 

to evaluate possible strategies for containment. © 2010 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved. 

No.303 

Author (s) : Douglas, N.M., Anstey, N.M., Angus, B.J., Nosten, F., Price, R.N. 

Title : Artemisinin combination therapy for vivax malaria 

Source : The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Volume 10, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 405-416 


Keywords : amodiaquine, amodiaquine plus artesunate, antimalarial agent, artemether, artemether plus 

benflumetol, artemisinin, artesunate, artesunate plus mefloquine, artesunate plus 

sulfadoxine, benflumetol, chloroquine, dihydroartemisinin, dihydroartemisinin plus 

piperaquine, fansidar, mefloquine, piperaquine, primaquine, pyrimethamine, pyronaridine, sulfadoxine, unclassified drug; 

anemia, Artemisia annua, combination chemotherapy, cost effectiveness analysis, diagnostic test, disease transmission, drug 

cost, drug efficacy, drug half life, endemic disease, fever, gametocyte, gastrointestinal symptom, glucose 6 phosphate 

dehydrogenase deficiency, hemolysis, human, malaria, malaria control, malaria falciparum, mixed 

infection, morbidity, mortality, parasite control, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium vivax malaria, priority 

journal, relapse, review, zoology; Antimalarials, Artemisinins, Chloroquine, Drug Resistance, Drug Therapy, 

Combination, Humans, Malaria, Falciparum, Malaria, Vivax, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax 

110


Abstract : Early parasitological diagnosis and treatment with artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are key components of 

worldwide malaria elimination programmes. In general, use of ACTs has been limited to patients with falciparum malaria 

whereas blood-stage infections with Plasmodium vivax are mostly still treated with chloroquine. We review the evidence for 

the relative benefits and disadvantages of the existing separate treatment approach versus a unified ACT-based strategy for 

treating Plasmodium falciparum and P vivax infections in regions where both species are endemic (co-endemic). The separate 

treatment scenario is justifiable if P vivax remains sensitive to chloroquine and diagnostic tests reliably distinguish P vivax from 

P falciparum. However, with the high number of misdiagnoses in routine practice and the rise and spread of chloroquineresistant 

P vivax, there might be a compelling rationale for a unified ACT-based strategy for vivax and falciparum malaria in all 

co-endemic regions. Analyses of the cost-effectiveness of ACTs for both Plasmodium species are needed to assess the role of 

these drugs in the control and elimination of vivax malaria. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.304 

Author (s) : Duangchinda, T., Dejnirattisai, W., Vasanawathana, S., Limpitikul, W., Tangthawornchaikul, N., Malasit, P., Mongkolsapaya, J., 

Screaton, G. 

Title : Immunodominant T-cell responses to dengue virus NS3 are associated with DHF 

Source : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Volume 107, Issue 39, 28 September 2010, 

Pages 16922-16927 


Keywords : Cytokine; Flavivirus; Immunopathogenesis 

Abstract : Dengue infections are increasing at an alarming rate in many tropical and subtropical countries, where epidemics can put 

health care systems under extreme pressure. The more severe infections lead to dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), which can 

be life threatening. A variety of viral and host factors have been associated with the severity ofdengue infections. Because 

secondarydengue infectionismore commonly associated withDHF than primary infections, the acquired immune response to 

dengue, both B cells and T cells have been implicated. In this study, we set out to study T-cell responses across the entire 

dengue virus proteome and to see whether these were related to disease severity in a cohort of dengue-infected children 

from Thailand. Robust responses were observed in most infected individuals against most viral proteins. Responses to NS3 

were the most frequent, and there was a very strong association between the magnitude of the response and disease 

severity. Furthermore, in DHF, cytokine-high CD107a-negative cells predominated. 

No.305 

Author (s) : Duangmano, S., Dakeng, S., Jiratchariyakul, W., Suksamrarn, A., Smith, D.R., Patmasiriwat, P. 

Title : Antiproliferative effects of cucurbitacin B in breast cancer cells: Down-regulation of the c-Myc/hTERT/telomerase pathway and 

obstruction of the cell cycle 

Source : International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Volume 11, Issue 12, December 2010, Pages 5323-5338 


Keywords : Breast cancer; c-Myc; Cucurbitacin B; Estrogen receptor; hTERT; Telomerase 

Abstract : Naturally occurring cucurbitacins have been shown to have anticancer, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. In this 

study, we determined the effects of cucurbitacin B extracted from the Thai herb Trichosanthes cucumerina L. on telomerase 

regulation in three human breast cancer cell lines (T47D, SKBR-3, and MCF-7) and a mammary epithelium cell line (HBL-100). 

Cell viability after treatment with cucurbitacin B, which is an active ingredient of this herb, was assessed. Telomeric Repeat 

Amplification Protocol (TRAP) assays and RT-PCR (qualitative and realtime) were performed to investigate activity of 

telomerase as well as expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and c-Myc. The c-Myc protein level was 

also determined in SKBR-3 and HBL-100 cells. Our results show that the cucurbitacin B inhibits growth and telomerase activity 

in the three breast cancer cell lines and exerts an obvious inhibitory effect in the estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast 

cancer SKBR-3 cells. The expression of hTERT and c-Myc were also inhibited by cucurbitacin B, In addition, a clear reduction 

of c-Myc protein was observed after treatment in SKBR-3 cells even with a concentration of cucurbitacin B that was ten-times 

lower compared to the concentration used for HBL-100. Our findings imply that cucurbitacin B exerts an anticancer effect by 

inhibiting telomerase via down regulating both the hTERT and c-Myc expression in breast cancer cells. © 2010 by the authors. 

No.306 

Author (s) : Duangpan, S., Jitrapakdee, S., Adina-Zada, A., Byrne, L., Zeczycki, T.N., St. Maurice, M., Cleland, W.W., Wallace, J.C., Attwood, 

P.V. 

111


Title : Probing the catalytic roles of arg548 and gln552 in the carboxyl transferase domain of the rhizobium etli pyruvate carboxylase 

by site-directed mutagenesis 

Source : Biochemistry, Volume 49, Issue 15, 20 April 2010, Pages 3296-3304 


Keywords : Active site, Biotin carboxylase, Carbamoyl phosphates, Carboxyl transferase, Catalytic role, Catalyze reaction, Partial 

reactions, Pyruvate carboxylase, Pyruvates, Quaternary structure, Rhizobium etli, Site directed mutagenesis, Wild-type 

enzymes; Amino acids, Carboxylation, Catalysis, Coenzymes, Enzymes, Mutagenesis, Phosphorylation, Protons; Polypeptides; 

mutant protein, pyruvate carboxylase; article, catalysis, enzyme active site, enzyme activity, enzyme analysis, enzyme 

structure, nonhuman, priority journal, protein domain, Rhizobium etli, site directed mutagenesis; Arginine, Bacterial 

Proteins, Binding Sites, Biotin, Catalysis, Catalytic Domain, Glutamine, Kinetics, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Models, 

Molecular, Multiprotein Complexes, Mutagenesis, Site-Directed, Protein Conformation, Protein Structure, Quaternary, Pyruvate 

Carboxylase, Rhizobium etli; Rhizobium etli 

Abstract : The roles of Arg548 and Gln552 residues in the active site of the carboxyl transferase domain of Rhizobium etli pyruvate 

carboxylase were investigated using site-directed mutagenesis. Mutation of Arg548 to alanine or glutamine resulted in the 

destabilization of the quaternary structure of the enzyme, suggesting that this residue has a structural role. Mutations R548K, 

Q552N, and Q552A resulted in a loss of the ability to catalyze pyruvate carboxylation, biotin-dependent decarboxylation of 

oxaloacetate, and the exchange of protons between pyruvate and water. These mutants retained the ability to catalyze 

reactions that occur at the active site of the biotin carboxylase domain, i.e., bicarbonate-dependent ATP cleavage and ADP 

phosphorylation by carbamoyl phosphate. The effects of oxamate on the catalysis in the biotin carboxylase domain by the 

R548K and Q552N mutants were similar to those on the catalysis of reactions by the wild-type enzyme. However, the 

presence of oxamate had no effect on the reactions catalyzed by the Q552A mutant. We propose that Arg548 and Gln552 

facilitate the binding of pyruvate and the subsequent transfer of protons between pyruvate and biotin in the partial reaction 

catalyzed in the active site of the carboxyl transferase domain of Rhizobium etli pyruvate carboxylase. © 2010 American 

Chemical Society. 

No.307 

Author (s) : Duangtep, Y., Narksawat, K., Chongsuwat, R., Rojanavipart, P. 

Title : Association between an unhealthy lifestyle and other factors with hypertension among hill tribe populations of Mae Fah 

Luang district, Chiang Rai Province, Thailand 



Keywords : Hill tribe population; Hypertension; Thailand; Unhealthy lifestyle 

Abstract : An unhealthy lifestyle may lead to hypertension which can cause strokes and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study 

was to identify the specific unhealthy lifestyle practices which could cause hypertension among hill tribe populations in Mae 

Fah Luang District of Chiang Rai Province, Thailand. In 2006, 196 patients with hypertension were selected from 2 district 

hospitals and 13 health centers as cases, and 196 normotensive subjects from a local neighborhood were chosen as controls. 

Trained health personnel collected data by interviewing subjects from both groups regarding unhealthy lifestyles and other 

factors. All participants had a physical examination at the time of interview. The results from multiple logistic regression 

analysis show the factors associated with hypertension among the hill tribe people studied were smoking (OR 2.48; 95%CI 

1.43-4.30, p = 0.001), no or irregular exercise (OR 1.84; 95%CI 1.16-2.99, p = 0.005), being overweight (OR 2.96; 95%CI 1.69- 

5.18, p < 0.002), having obesity (OR 2.65, 95%CI 1.04-6.73, p < 0.018) and having a high frequency intake of fatty foods (OR 

1.98, 95%CI 1.23-3.18, p < 0.013). The findings suggest the need for significant lifestyle changes in regards to smoking, eating 

habits and leisure time exercise programs. The adoption of such lifestyle changes would result in a reduced chance of being 

hypertensive, which could later reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. 

No.308 

Author (s) : Duckworth, J.W., Boonratana, R., Robichaud, W.G., Timmins, R.J. 

Title : A review of François' leaf monkey Trachypithecus francoisi (sensu lato) in Lao PDR 

Source : Primate Conservation, Volume 25, Issue 1, December 2010, Pages 61-79 


Keywords : Conservation status; distribution; habitat; Trachypithecus ( francoisi) ebenus; Trachypithecus ( francoisi) 

hatinhensis; Trachypithecus ( francoisi) laotum 

112


Abstract : A monkey population allied to François' leaf monkey Trachypithecus francoisi discovered in 1920 constitutes the taxon 

laotum, endemic to Lao PDR. The next seven decades provided very little additional information about it. Wildlife surveys in 

the 1990s found a large population of T. (f.) laotum in Phou Hinpoun (=Khammouan Limestone) National Protected Area 

(NPA) and north into southern Nam Kading NPA, and a large population in and around Hin Namno NPA of T. (f.) ebenus, 

known outside Lao PDR only from adjoining Vietnam. Detailed here are confirmed records of smaller and more localized 

populations of leaf monkeys of the T. francoisi group (sensu Groves 2001, 2005, p. 175) from two other areas (Nakai-Nam 

Theun NPA and a region outside the protected area system, Muang (= District of) Vilabouli, in Savannakhet province), highly 

plausible reports from one more site, and records of T. (f.) ebenus from southern Phou Hinpoun NPA. Animals from Nakai- 

Nam Theun NPA and Muang Vilabouli differ in pelage from reported forms, and further information is required to resolve their 

taxonomy in relation to the named forms hatinhensis and ebenus. All Lao records of the Trachypithecus francoisi group leaf 

monkeys are within the latitudinal band of 16°58′N (probably 16°49′N) to 18°17′N, but reports from local people suggest the 

possibility of occurrence north of this latitude, and perhaps (parallel with the complex's distribution in Vietnam) north to the 

Chinese border. Populations in large karst landscapes remain healthy but cannot be assumed to remain so, and those in 

smaller karst and non-calcareous ranges are highly vulnerable to hunting-induced local extinction. Many uncertainties remain 

concerning the species-complex in Lao PDR: its overall distribution, the number of forms present, their distribution, and their 

taxonomy. Undescribed forms may yet be found, most likely to the north of the known range, where threats are much 

higher, adding to the urgency for surveys in this region. 

No.309 

Author (s) : Dujardin, J.-P.A., Kaba, D., Henry, A.B. 

Title : The exchangeability of shape 

Source : BMC Research Notes, Volume 3, 2010, Article number 266 



Abstract : Background. Landmark based geometric morphometrics (GM) allows the quantitative comparison of organismal shapes. When 

applied to systematics, it is able to score shape changes which often are undetectable by traditional morphological studies 

and even by classical morphometric approaches. It has thus become a fast and low cost candidate to identify cryptic species. 

Due to inherent mathematical properties, shape variables derived from one set of coordinates cannot be compared with 

shape variables derived from another set. Raw coordinates which produce these shape variables could be used for data 

exchange, however they contain measurement error. The latter may represent a significant obstacle when the objective is to 

distinguish very similar species. Results. We show here that a single user derived dataset produces much less classification 

error than a multiple one. The question then becomes how to circumvent the lack of exchangeability of shape variables 

while preserving a single user dataset. A solution to this question could lead to the creation of a relatively fast and 

inexpensive systematic tool adapted for the recognition of cryptic species. Conclusions. To preserve both exchangeability of 

shape and a single user derived dataset, our suggestion is to create a free access bank of reference images from which one 

can produce raw coordinates and use them for comparison with external specimens. Thus, we propose an alternative 

geometric descriptive system that separates 2-D data gathering and analyzes. © 2010 Dujardin et al; licensee BioMed Central 

Ltd. 

No.310 

Author (s) : Dunham, K.A., Siriphorn, A., Chompoopong, S., Floyd, C.L. 

Title : Characterization of a graded cervical hemicontusion spinal cord injury model in adult male rats 

Source : Journal of Neurotrauma, Volume 27, Issue 11, 1 November 2010, Pages 2091-2106 


Keywords : forepaw function; gliosis; gray-matter sparing; white-matter sparing 

Abstract : Most experimental models of spinal cord injury (SCI) in rodents induce damage in the thoracic cord and subsequently 

examine hindlimb function as an indicator of recovery. In these models, functional recovery is most attributable to whitematter 

preservation and is less influenced by grey-matter sparing. In contrast, most clinical cases of SCI occur at the lower 

cervical levels, a region in which both grey-matter and white-matter sparing contribute to functional motor recovery. Thus 

experimental cervical SCI models are beginning to be developed and used to assess protective and pharmacological 

interventions following SCI. The objective of this study was to characterize a model of graded cervical hemicontusion SCI with 

regard to several histological and behavioral outcome measures, including novel forelimb behavioral tasks. Using a 

113


commercially available rodent spinal cord impactor, adult male rats received hemicontusion SCI at vertebral level C5 at 100, 

200, or 300kdyn force, to produce mild, moderate, or severe injury severities. Tests of skilled and unskilled forelimb and 

locomotor function were employed to assess functional recovery, and spinal cord tissue was collected to assess lesion 

severity. Deficits in skilled and unskilled forelimb function and locomotion relating to injury severity were observed, as well as 

decreases in neuronal numbers, white-matter area, and white-matter gliosis. Significant correlations were observed between 

behavioral and histological data. Taken together, these data suggest that the forelimb functional and locomotor assessments 

employed here are sensitive enough to measure functional changes, and that this hemicontusion model can be used to 

evaluate potential protective and regenerative therapeutic strategies. © Copyright 2010, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 

No.311 

Author (s) : Dusotoit-Coucaud, A., Kongsawadworakul, P., Maurousset, L., Viboonjun, U., Brunel, N., Pujade-Renaud, V., Chrestin, H., Sakr, S. 

Title : Ethylene stimulation of latex yield depends on the expression of a sucrose transporter (HbSUT1B) in rubber tree (Hevea 

brasiliensis) 

Source : Tree Physiology, Volume 30, Issue 12, December 2010, Pages 1586-1598 


Keywords : ethylene; latex yield; laticifers; sugar transporters 

Abstract : Hevea brasiliensis is an important industrial crop for natural rubber production. Latex biosynthesis occurs in the cytoplasm of 

highly specialized latex cells and requires sucrose as the unique precursor. Ethylene stimulation of latex production results in 

high sugar flow from the surrounding cells of inner bark towards the latex cells. The aim of this work was to understand the 

role of seven sucrose transporters (HbSUTs) and one hexose transporter (HbHXT1) in this process. Two Hevea clones were 

used: PB217 and PB260, respectively described as high and low yielding clones. The expression pattern of these sugar 

transporters (HbSUTs and HbHXT1) was monitored under different physiological conditions and found to be maximal in latex 

cells. HbSUT1, one of the most abundant isoforms, displayed the greatest response to ethylene treatment. In clone PB217, 

ethylene treatment led to a higher accumulation of HbSUT1B in latex cells than in the inner bark tissues. Conversely, stronger 

expression of HbSUT1B was observed in inner bark tissues than in latex cells of PB260. A positive correlation with HbSUT1B 

transcript accumulation and increased latex production was further supported by its lower expression in latex cells of the 

virgin clone PB217. © The Author 2010. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. 

No.312 

Author (s) : Dusotoit-Coucaud, A., Porcheron, B., Brunel, N., Kongsawadworakul, P., Franchel, J., Viboonjun, U., Chrestin, H., Lemoine, R., 

Sakr, S. 

Title : Cloning and characterization of a new polyol transporter (HbPLT2) in Hevea brasiliensis 

Source : Plant and Cell Physiology, Volume 51, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 1878-1888 


Keywords : Hevea brasiliensis; Latex production; Polyol transporter; Quebrachitol 

Abstract : Quebrachitol is a cyclic polyol and, along with sucrose, is one of the main sugars in Hevea latex. However, in contrast to 

sucrose, the mechanism and regulation of quebrachitol absorption is still unknown. Screening a latex-derived cDNA library 

using polyol transporter-specific probes, two full-length cDNAs were isolated, and named HbPLT1 and HbPLT2 (for Hevea 

brasiliensis polyol transporter 1 and 2, respectively). Their respective sequences exhibited close similarity with the previously 

cloned acyclic sugar polyol transporters, and shared the main features of the major facilitative superfamily. The functional 

activity of one of the cDNAs was determined by using an HbPLT2-complemented yeast strain. These strains displayed a 

marginal absorption of cyclic (inositol) and acyclic (mannitol and sorbitol) polyol but no absorption of sucrose, hexose and 

glycerol. Active absorption for xylitol was detected, and was competitively inhibited by quebrachitol. HbPLT1 and HbPLT2 

expression patterns varied in response to different stimuli. Bark treatment with ethylene resulted in an early and significant 

up-regulation of HbPLT2 transcripts in laticifers as well as in inner bark cells, when compared with HbPLT1. Other treatments, 

especially mechanical wounding, strongly induced HbPLT2 transcripts. These data were consistent with the presence of 

ethylene and a wound-responsive regulatory cis-element on the sequence of the HbPLT2 promoter. All these findings 

together with those recently obtained for sucrose transporters and aquaporins are discussed in relation to the different roles 

for quebrachitol in Hevea brasiliensis. © 2010 The Author. 

No.313 

Author (s) : Dussadee, K., Taka, O., Thedsawad, A., Wanachiwanawin, W. 

114


Title : Incidence and risk factors of relapses in idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia. 



Keywords : autoantibody, glucocorticoid, prednisolone; adolescent, adult, aged, article, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, blood, cohort 

analysis, Coombs test, female, follow up, human, immunology, incidence, male, medical record, middle aged, prospective 

study, recurrent disease, retrospective study, risk factor, Thailand; Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anemia, Hemolytic, 

Autoimmune, Autoantibodies, Cohort Studies, Coombs' Test, Female, Follow-Up 

Studies, Glucocorticoids, Humans, Incidence, Male, Medical Records, Middle Aged, Prednisolone, Prospective 

Studies, Recurrence, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Thailand, Young Adult 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: Patients with idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) of warm antibody type usually respond to 

corticosteroid therapy. However a proportion of patients will have disease relapse after steroid-induced remission. OBJECTIVE: 

To assess the incidence and the possible risk factors of the relapse in a cohort of patients with idiopathic AIHA. MATERIAL 

AND METHOD: We conducted a retrospective and prospective study of 34 idiopathic AIHA patients regularly followed at the 

Division of Hematology during January 1973 to December 2006. The medical records were reviewed for active hemolytic 

events and relapses, episodes of infections, pattern of corticosteroids administration and tapering. Types and subtypes of 

autoantibodies were studied by column agglutination test (the "gel test"). RESULTS: One patient with cold agglutinin disease 

was excluded, leaving a total of 33 patients (24 with warm type, 9 with mixed warm and cold type AIHA) in the study. The 

incidence of relapse was 1.157 episodes/person/year. The mean duration of relapse after remission was 23 months. Episodes 

of recurrent hemolysis were more frequent when corticosteroid administration was tapered from high to low dose (10 mg/day 

of prednisolone) within two months compared with a longer than two-month tapering (38 vs. 11 episodes; p < 0.01). In 

addition patients receiving continuing low dose of corticosteroids (< or = 10 mg/day of prednisolone) for > 6 months had 

lower incidence of relapse and longer duration of remission than those with discontinuing the medication within 6 months 

(0.443 vs. 1.911 episodes/person/year, p < 0.01; 37.4 vs. 10.6 months, p < 0.01). Episodes of recurrent hemolysis were more 

frequently observed in patients with events of infection than those without infections (mean 7.69 vs. 2.81, p = 0.032). Types 

and subtypes of autoantibodies did not seem to influence relapse in AIHA. CONCLUSION: Short duration of maintenance and 

rapid tapering of corticosteroids and infections are possible risk factors of relapses/recurrent hemolysis in idiopathic AIHA. 

No.314 

Author (s) : Eamsobhana, P., Lim, P.E., Solano, G., Zhang, H., Gan, X., Yong, H.S. 

Title : Molecular differentiation of Angiostrongylus taxa (Nematoda: Angiostrongylidae) by cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene 

sequences 

Source : Acta Tropica, Volume 116, Issue 2, November 2010, Pages 152-156 


Keywords : Angiostrongylus cantonensis; Angiostrongylus costaricensis; Angiostrongylus malaysiensis; Angiostrongylus 

vasorum; Molecular phylogeny; Parastrongylus; Phylogeography 

Abstract : Nematodes of the genus Angiostrongylus are parasites of rodents and carnivores. They reside in the pulmonary or mesenteric 

arteries of their hosts. Two species are pathogenic in humans - Angiostrongylus cantonensis causes eosinophilic meningitis or 

meningoencephalitis, and Angiostrongylus costaricensis produces abdominal angiostrongyliasis. In addition Angiostrongylus 

malaysiensis may have the potential of being pathogenic in humans. The mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I 

(COI) of these Angiostrongylus species and three geographical isolates (China, Hawaii and Thailand) of A. cantonensis were 

studied by polymerase chain reaction amplification and DNA sequencing. COI sequences of A. cantonensis, A. costaricensis 

and Angiostrongylus vasorum in the GenBank were included for comparison. Phylogenetic analysis by maximum-likelihood 

(ML), maximum-parsimony (MP), neighbour-joining (NJ) and Bayesian inference (BI) produced similar tree topology except 

variation in the bootstrap support values. There were two major clades - (1) A. cantonensis and A. malaysiensis, and (2) A. 

costaricensis and A. vasorum. The three geographical isolates of A. cantonensis formed a clade with low to high bootstrap 

values, and consisted of two subclades: (a) China and Hawaii isolates, and (b) monophyletic Thailand isolate. The individuals 

of each isolate formed a distinct cluster. In the second major clade, the Europe isolates of A. vasorum were distinctly 

different from the Brazil isolates. For A. costaricensis, the Costa Rica isolate was distinct from the Brazil isolate with an 

uncorrected (p) distance of 11.39%, indicating the possible occurrence of cryptic species. The present results indicate that COI 

sequences might be a useful marker for differentiating geographical isolates of A. cantonensis and in uncovering cryptic 

species. Efforts are being made to carry out an extensive collaborative study to cover a wide range of Angiostrongylus species 

and geographical isolates. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

115


No.315 

Author (s) : Eamsobhana, P., Lim, P.E., Zhang, H., Gan, X., Yong, H.S. 

Title : Molecular differentiation and phylogenetic relationships of three Angiostrongylus species and Angiostrongylus cantonensis 

geographical isolates based on a 66-kDa protein gene of A. cantonensis (Nematoda: Angiostrongylidae) 

Source : Experimental Parasitology, Volume 126, Issue 4, December 2010, Pages 564-569 


Keywords : Angiostrongylus cantonensis; Angiostrongylus costaricensis; Angiostrongylus malaysiensis; DNA sequences; Molecular 

differentiation; Phylogenetic relationships 

Abstract : The phylogenetic relationships and molecular differentiation of three species of angiostrongylid nematodes (Angiostrongylus 

cantonensis, Angiostrongylus costaricensis and Angiostrongylus malaysiensis) were studied using the AC primers for a 66-kDa 

protein gene of A. cantonensis. The AC primers successfully amplified the genomic DNA of these angiostrongylid nematodes. 

No amplification was detected for the DNA of Ascaris lumbricoides, Ascaris suum, Anisakis simplex, Gnathostoma spinigerum, 

Toxocara canis, and Trichinella spiralis. The maximum-parsimony (MP) consensus tree and the maximum-likelihood (ML) tree 

both showed that the Angiostrongylus taxa could be divided into two major clades - Clade 1 (A. costaricensis) and Clade 2 (A. 

cantonensis and A. malaysiensis) with a full support bootstrap value. A. costaricensis is the most distant taxon. A. cantonensis 

is a sister group to A. malaysiensis; these two taxa (species) are clearly separated. There is no clear distinction between the A. 

cantonensis samples from four different geographical localities (Thailand, China, Japan and Hawaii); only some of the samples 

are grouped ranging from no support or low support to moderate support of bootstrap values. The published nucleotide 

sequences of A. cantonensis adult-specific native 66. kDa protein mRNA, clone L5-400 from Taiwan (U17585) appear to be 

very distant from the A. cantonensis samples from Thailand, China, Japan and Hawaii, with the uncorrected p-distance values 

ranging from 26.87% to 29.92%. © Elsevier Inc. 

No.316 

Author (s) : Eamsobhana, P., Yoolek, A., Yong, H.-S. 

Title : Effect of Thai 'koi-hoi' food flavoring on the viability and infectivity of the third-stage larvae of Angiostrongylus cantonensis 

(Nematoda: Angiostrongylidae) 

Source : Acta Tropica, Volume 113, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 245-247 


Keywords : Angiostrongylus cantonensis; Eosinophilic meningitis; Food-borne parasitic disease; Snail; Thai food; Worm burden 

Abstract : The effect of the food flavoring of 'koi-hoi', a popular Thai snail dish, on the viability and infectivity of Angiostrongylus 

(=Parastrongylus) cantonensis third-stage larvae was assessed in a mouse model. Groups of 50 each of actively moving, nonmotile 

coiled, and extended larvae were obtained from experimentally infected snail meat, after one-hour exposure to 

standard 'koi-hoi' flavoring. These larvae and groups of 50 unexposed moving larvae (control) were individually fed to each 

group of three experimental BALB/c mice. The effect on Angiostrongylus worm burden was measured after 3 weeks of 

infection. Infectivity of the motile larvae after exposure to 'koi-hoi' food flavoring was 38±5.29%. This was highly significantly 

lower than the infectivity (62±7.21%) of the control (unexposed) third-stage larvae (χ2=17.28, P<0.001). In the non-motile 

larvae resulting from exposure to the food flavoring, no adult worm was recovered from the extended larvae, indicating that 

they were no longer alive and unable to cause infection. A small proportion (3.33±2.31%) of the coiled larvae developed into 

young adult worms, indicating that mobility alone is not a definitive indicator of viability. The present study confirms that the 

food flavoring components of 'koi-hoi' dish adversely affect the viability and infectivity of A. cantonensis larvae. Exposure of 

the third-stage larvae to 'koi-hoi' food flavoring resulted in decreased viability and eventually death. Prolonged treatment with 

food flavoring to inactivate/immobilize and then kill the infective, third-stage larvae of A. cantonensis in snail meat prior to 

consumption may be one of the possible economical means of reducing human infection. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. 

No.317 

Author (s) : Engrav, L.H., Heimbach, D.M., Rivara, F.P., Moore, M.L., Wang, J., Carrougher, G.J., Costa, B., Numhom, S., Calderon, J., Gibran, 

N.S. 

Title : 12-Year within-wound study of the effectiveness of custom pressure garment therapy 

Source : Burns, Volume 36, Issue 7, November 2010, Pages 975-983 


Keywords : Burns; Colorimeter; Durometer; Fibroproliferation; Hypertrophic scar; I-Scan; Pressure garment therapy; Thermal 

injury; Ultrasound 

116


Abstract : Pressure garment therapy is standard of care for prevention and treatment of hypertrophic scarring after burn injury. 

Nevertheless there is little objective data that confirms effectiveness. The purpose of this study was to determine the 

effectiveness of pressure garment therapy with objective data obtained with a randomized within-wound comparison. We 

enrolled consecutive patients with forearm injuries over a 12-year period. The subjects wore custom garments with normal 

and low compression randomized to either the proximal or distal zones. Hardness, color and thickness of wounds were 

objectively measured using appropriate devices; clinical appearance was measured by a panel masked to the identity of the 

pressure treated area. Wounds treated with normal compression were significantly softer, thinner, and had improved clinical 

appearance. There was no interaction of any effect with patient ethnicity. However, these findings were clinically evident only 

with moderate to severe scarring. We conclude that pressure garment therapy is effective, but that the clinical benefit is 

restricted to those patients with moderate or severe scarring. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd and ISBI. All rights reserved. 

No.318 

Author (s) : Ervithayasuporn, V., Abe, J., Wang, X., Matsushima, T., Murata, H., Kawakami, Y. 

Title : Synthesis, characterization, and OLED application of oligo(p-phenylene ethynylene)s with polyhedral oligomeric 

silsesquioxanes (POSS) as pendant groups 

Source : Tetrahedron, Volume 66, Issue 48, 27 November 2010, Pages 9348-9355 


Keywords : Light-emitting diode; Oligomer; p-Phenylene ethynylene; Photoluminescence; Silsesquioxane 

Abstract : Two new classes of mono- and oligo(p-phenylene ethynylene)s grafted with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) 

were synthesized via 'click' chemistry and palladium-catalyzed Sonogashira cross-coupling. These materials with cubic 

silsesquioxanes are very robust with excellent thermal stability in air (T5%loss>330 °C) and exhibited Tg>80 °C. All the 

compounds showed high photoluminescence with a range of blue emission and quantum yield up to 80% in the solution. 

Extended π conjugation molecules of oligo-pPEs POSS maintain relatively high PL quantum efficiencies in the solid state, 

compared to mono-pPEs POSS. A preliminary report is made of some of the materials as multilayer OLED components with 

active dopants PVK and PBD. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.319 

Author (s) : Eu-Ahsunthornwattana, J., Trachoo, O., Dejsuphong, D., Tunteeratum, A., Srichan, K., Sura, T. 

Title : Noonan syndrome, metabolic syndrome and stroke-in-the-young: Coincidence, causal or contribution? 

Source : Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, Volume 93, Issue 9, September 2010, Pages 1084-1087 


Keywords : Cerebral infarction; Diabetes mellitus; Metabolic syndrome; Multifactorial causality; Noonan syndrome 

Abstract : A 34-year-old Thai woman developed acute left hemiparesis with dysarthria from subcortical infarction of the right MCA 

territory eighteen months after being diagnosed with Noonan syndrome, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension. 

Further investigations suggested atherosclerosis as a cause. Modifying her risk factors was difficult, artly because of limited 

adherence. Three years later, she had another attack of ischaemic stroke in the same area. Unlike the three previously 

reported cases, the causation of strokes in this patient appeared to be a more 'complex' interaction between genetic defect 

and environment including possible subtle arterial abnormalities, metabolic risk factors, and mental insufficiency. 

No.320 

Author (s) : Euanorasetr, C., Sornmayura, P. 

Title : Surgical management of Brunner's gland hamartoma causing upper GI hemorrhage: Report of two cases and literature review 

Source : Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, Volume 93, Issue 10, October 2010, Pages 1232-1237 


Keywords : Brunner's gland hamartoma; Gastroduodenoscopy; Surgical resection; Upper GI hemorrhage 

Abstract : Brunner's gland hamartomas are uncommon benign tumor of the duodenum. Most lesions are small and asymptomatic. 

Occasionally, those lesions may be large and manifest as a rare cause of upper GI hemorrhage or duodenal obstruction. The 

authors report here two cases of Brunner's gland hamartoma presenting with upper GI hemorrhage that were not amenable 

to endoscopic polypectomy thus requiring surgical resection. The literature on Brunner's gland hamartoma was reviewed. 

No.321 

Author (s) : Euanorasetr, J., Nilvongse, A., Tantimavanich, S., Nihira, T., Igarashi, Y., Panbangred, W. 

117


Title : Identification and characterization of soil-isolated Streptomyces SJE177 producing actinomycin 

Source : Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, Volume 41, Issue 5, September 2010, Pages 1177-1187 

Keywords : Actinomycin; Antibacterial activity; Co-cultivation method; Streptomyces; Thailand 


Abstract : One hundred seventy-seven actinomycetes strains were isolated from soils collected from fruit orchards in Thailand. All were 

tested for antibacterial activity against seven pathogenic bacteria using co-cultivation methods. Forty strains (22.6%) were 

active against at least one indicator bacteria. Twenty-seven strains (15.3%) inhibited only gram-positive bacteria, four strains 

(2.3%) inhibited only gram-negative bacteria, and nine strains (5.1%) showed activity against both. Strain SJE177 had potent 

activity against all tested bacteria, and was selected for further investigation. A crude ethyl acetate extract of this strain 

retained inhibitory activity as tested by disk-diffusion method. Analysis of morphological and biochemical characteristics and 

the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated this strain belonged to the genus Streptomyces. The strain formed a monophyletic 

line in a phylogenetic tree of 16S rRNA gene sequences with other Streptomyces reference strains. High performance liquid 

chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed SJE177 produced actinomycin. Since many isolates showed inhibitory activity against 

indicator bacteria, these results suggest Thai soil could be an interesting source to explore for antibacterial substances. 

No.322 

Author (s) : Farreres, J., Gibert, K., Rodríguez, H., Pluempitiwiriyawej, C. 

Title : Inference of lexical ontologies. The LeOnI methodology 

Source : Artificial Intelligence, Volume 174, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 1-19 


Keywords : Automatic ontology building; Lexico-conceptual ontologies; Logistic regression; WordNet 

Abstract : In this article we present a method for semi-automatically deriving lexico-conceptual ontologies in other languages, given a 

lexico-conceptual ontology for one language and bilingual mapping resources. Our method uses a logistic regression model to 

combine mappings proposed by a set of classifiers (up to 17 in our implementation). The method is formally described and 

evaluated by means of two implementations for semi-automatically building Spanish and Thai WordNets using Princeton's 

WordNet for English and conventional English-Spanish and English-Thai bilingual dictionaries. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights 

reserved. 

No.323 

Author (s) : Fongsatitkul, P., Elefsiniotis, P., Wareham, D.G. 

Title : Effect of mixture ratio, solids concentration and hydraulic retention time on the anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of 

municipal solid waste 

Source : Waste Management and Research, Volume 28, Issue 9, September 2010, Pages 811-817 


Keywords : activated sludge; co-digestion; hydraulic retention time; Municipal solid waste; organic fraction; total solids 

Abstract : This paper describes how the degradation of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is affected through 

codigestion with varying amounts of return activated sludge (RAS). Solid waste that had its inorganic fraction selectively 

removed was mixed with RAS in ratios of 100% OFMSW, 50% OFMSW/50% RAS, and 25% OFMSW/75% RAS. The total solids 

(TS) concentration was held at 8% and three anaerobic digester systems treating the mixtures were held (for the first run) at a 

total hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 28 days. Increasing amounts of RAS did not however improve the mixture's 

digestability, as indicated by little change and/or a drop in the main performance indices [including percentage volatile solids 

(VS) removal and specific gas production]. The optimum ratio in this research therefore appeared to be 100% OFMSW with an 

associated 85.1 ± 0.6% VS removal and 0.72 ± 0.01 L total gas g-1 VS. In the second run, the effect of increasing percentage 

of TS (8, 12% and 15%) at a system HRT of 28 days was observed to yield no improvement in the main performance indices 

(i.e. percentage VS removal and specific gas production). Finally, during the third run, variations in the total system HRT were 

investigated at an 8% TS, again using 100% OFMSW. Of the HRTs explored (23, 28 and 33 days), the longest HRT yielded the 

best performance overall, particularly in terms of specific gas production (0.77 ± 0.01 L total gas g-1 VS). © The Author(s), 


No.324 

Author (s) : Freathy, R.M., Mook-Kanamori, D.O., Sovio, U., Prokopenko, I., Timpson, N.J., Berry, D.J., Warrington, N.M., Widen, E., Hottenga, 

J.J., Kaakinen, M., Lange, L.A., Bradfield, J.P., Kerkhof, M., Marsh, J.A., Mägi, R., Chen, C.-M., Lyon, H.N., Kirin, M., Adair, L.S., 

118


Aulchenko, Y.S., Bennett, A.J., Borja, J.B., Bouatia-Naji, N., Charoen, P., Coin, L.J.M., Cousminer, D.L., De Geus, E.J.C., Deloukas, 

P., Elliott, P., Evans, D.M., Froguel, P., Glaser, B., Groves, C.J., Hartikainen, A.-L., Hassanali, N., Hirschhorn, J.N., Hofman, A., Holly, 

J.M.P., Hyppönen, E., Kanoni, S., Knight, B.A., Laitinen, J., Lindgren, C.M., McArdle, W.L., O'Reilly, P.F., Pennell, C.E., Postma, D.S., 

Pouta, A., Ramasamy, A., Rayner, N.W., Ring, S.M., Rivadeneira, F., Shields, B.M., Strachan, D.P., Surakka, I., Taanila, A., Tiesler, C., 

Uitterlinden, A.G., Van Duijn, C.M., Wijga, A.H., Willemsen, G., Zhang, H., Zhao, J., Wilson, J.F., Steegers, E.A.P., Hattersley, A.T., 

Eriksson, J.G., Peltonen, L., Mohlke, K.L., Grant, S.F.A., Hakonarson, H., Koppelman, G.H., Dedoussis, G.V., Heinrich, J., Gillman, 

M.W., Palmer, L.J., Frayling, T.M., Boomsma, D.I., Smith, G.D., Power, C., Jaddoe, V.W.V., Jarvelin, M.-R., McCarthy, M.I. 

Title : Variants in ADCY5 and near CCNL1 are associated with fetal growth and birth weight 

Source : Nature Genetics, Volume 42, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages 430-435 


Keywords : adcy5 gene, allele, article, birth weight, CCNL1 gene, Europe, female, fetus growth, gene, genetic association, genetic 

variability, glucose blood level, human, LEKR1 gene, maternal smoking, non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, priority 

journal, single nucleotide polymorphism, third trimester pregnancy; Adenylate Cyclase, Alleles, Birth Weight, Cohort 

Studies, Cyclins, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Ethnic Groups, Female, Genetic Predisposition to 

Disease, Genotype, Glucose, Humans, Isoenzymes, Male, Models, Genetic, Pregnancy 

Abstract : To identify genetic variants associated with birth weight, we meta-analyzed six genome-wide association (GWA) studies (n = 

10,623 Europeans from pregnancy/birth cohorts) and followed up two lead signals in 13 replication studies (n = 27,591). 

rs900400 near LEKR1 and CCNL1 (P = 2 × 10 35) and rs9883204 in ADCY5 (P = 7 × 10 15) were robustly associated with birth 

weight. Correlated SNPs in ADCY5 were recently implicated in regulation of glucose levels and susceptibility to type 2 

diabetes, providing evidence that the well-described association between lower birth weight and subsequent type 2 diabetes 

has a genetic component, distinct from the proposed role of programming by maternal nutrition. Using data from both SNPs, 

we found that the 9% of Europeans carrying four birth weight-lowering alleles were, on average, 113g (95% CI 89-137g) lighter 

at birth than the 24% with zero or one alleles (P trend = 7 × 10 30). The impact on birth weight is similar to that of a mother 

smoking 4-5 cigarettes per day in the third trimester of pregnancy. © 2010 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved. 

No.325 

Author (s) : Fried, J.R., Gibbons, R.V., Kalayanarooj, S., Thomas, S.J., Srikiatkhachorn, A., Yoon, I.-K., Jarman, R.G., Green, S., Rothman, A.L., 

Cummings, D.A.T. 

Title : Serotype-specific differences in the risk of dengue hemorrhagic fever: An analysis of data collected in Bangkok, Thailand from 

1994 to 2006 

Source : PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Volume 4, Issue 3, March 2010, Article number e617 


Keywords : adolescent, article, child, controlled study, dengue, Dengue virus, disease severity, female, human, major clinical 

study, male, multivariate analysis, pathophysiology, preschool child, risk assessment, school child, serotype, univariate 

analysis, classification, hospitalization, infant, isolation and purification, pathology, prospective 

study, serotyping, Thailand, virology; Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, Dengue 

Virus, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Prospective Studies, Serotyping, Severity of Illness Index, Thailand 

Abstract : Background: It is unclear whether dengue serotypes differ in their propensity to cause severe disease. We analyzed 

differences in serotype-specific disease severity in children presenting for medical attention in Bangkok, Thailand. 

Methodology/Principal Findings: Prospective studies were conducted from 1994 to 2006. Univariate and multivariate logistic 

and multinomial logistic regressions were used to determine if dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and signs of severe clinical 

disease (pleural effusion, ascites, thrombocytopenia, hemoconcentration) were associated with serotype. Crude and adjusted 

odds ratios were calculated. There were 162 (36%) cases with DENV-1, 102 (23%) with DENV-2, 123 (27%) with DENV-3, and 64 

(14%) with DENV-4. There was no significant difference in the rates of DHF by serotype: DENV-2 (43%), DENV-3 (39%), DENV-1 

(34%), DENV-4 (31%). DENV-2 was significantly associated with increased odds of DHF grade I compared to DF (OR 2.9 95% CI 

1.1, 8.0), when using DENV-1 as the reference. Though not statistically significant, DENV-2 had an increased odds of total DHF 

and DHF grades II, III, and IV. Secondary serologic response was significantly associated with DHF (OR 6.2) and increased when 

considering more severe grades of DHF. DENV-2 (9%) and -4 (3%) were significantly less often associated with primary disease 

than DENV-1 (28%) and -3 (33%). Restricting analysis to secondary cases, we found DENV-2 and DENV-3 to be twice as likely to 

result in DHF as DEN-4 (p = 0.05). Comparing study years, we found the rate of DHF to be significantly less in 1999, 2000, 

2004, and 2005 than in 1994, the study year with the highest percentage of DHF cases, even when controlling for other 

variables. Conclusions/Significance: As in other studies, we find secondary disease to be strongly associated with DHF and with 

119


more severe grades of DHF. DENV-2 appears to be marginally associated with more severe dengue disease as evidenced by a 

significant association with DHF grade I when compared to DENV-1. In addition, we found non-significant trends with other 

grades of DHF. Restricting the analysis to secondary disease we found DENV-2 and -3 to be twice as likely to result in DHF as 

DEN-4. Differences in severity by study year may suggest that other factors besides serotype play a role in disease severity. 

No.326 

Author (s) : Fuchareon, S., Inati, A.C., Siritanaratkul, N., Koussa, S., Taher, A., Boosalis, M.S., Thein, S.L., Wallis, W., Bobbitt, P., Thomson, A., 

Johnson, E., Berenson, R.J., Perrine, S.P. 

Title : HQK-1001 Is Well Tolerated and Augments Hemoglobin F and Hemoglobin Levels In Patients with Beta Thalassemia 

Intermedia 

Source : BLOOD, Volume: 116, Issue: 21, Pages: 1737-1737, Published: NOV 19 2010 




No.327 

Author (s) : Fugthong, A., Boonyapakron, K., Sornlek, W., Tanapongpipat, S., Eurwilaichitr, L., Pootanakit, K. 

Title : Biochemical characterization and in vitro digestibility assay of Eupenicillium parvum (BCC17694) phytase expressed in Pichia 

pastoris 

Source : Protein Expression and Purification, Volume 70, Issue 1, March 2010, Pages 60-67 


Keywords : Eupenicillium parvum; Phytase; Phytate; Pichia pastoris expression 

Abstract : A mature phytase cDNA, encoding 441 amino acids, from Eupenicillium parvum (BCC17694) was cloned into a Pichia pastoris 

expression vector, pPICZαA, and was successfully expressed as active extracellular glycosylated protein. The recombinant 

phytase contained the active site RHGXRXP and HD sequence motifs, a large α/β domain and a small α-domain that are 

typical of histidine acid phosphatase. Glycosylation was found to be important for enzyme activity which is most active at 50 

°C and pH 5.5. The recombinant phytase displayed broad substrate specificity toward p-nitrophenyl phosphate, sodium-, 

calcium-, and potassium-phytate. The enzyme lost its activity after incubating at 50 °C for 5 min and is 50% inhibited by 5 

mM Cu2+. However, the enzyme exhibits broad pH stability from 2.5 to 8.0 and is resistant to pepsin. In vitro digestibility test 

suggested that BCC17694 phytase is at least as effective as another recombinant phytase (r-A170) which is comparable to 

Natuphos, a commercial phytase, in releasing phosphate from corn-based animal feed, suggesting that BCC17694 phytase is 

suitable for use as phytase supplement in the animal diet. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 

No.328 

Author (s) : Funari, V.A., Krakow, D., Nevarez, L., Chen, Z., Funari, T.L., Vatanavicharn, N., Wilcox, W.R., Rimoin, D.L., Nelson, S.F., Cohn, D.H. 

Title : BMPER mutation in Diaphanospondylodysostosis identified by ancestral autozygosity mapping and targeted high-throughput 

sequencing 

Source : American Journal of Human Genetics, Volume 87, Issue 4, 8 October 2010, Pages 532-537 


Keywords : bone morphogenetic protein, bone morphogenetic protein binding endothelial cell percursor derived 

regulator, DNA, regulator protein, unclassified drug; article, autosomal recessive 

disorder, consanguinity, diaphanospondylodysostosis, DNA sequence, exon, gene mapping, gene targeting, genetic 

analysis, genetic polymorphism, genetic variability, high throughput screening, homozygosity, human, musculoskeletal 

disease, nonhuman, nonsense mutation, nucleotide sequence, phenotype, point mutation, priority journal, regulator 

gene, signal transduction; Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Base Sequence, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 

2, Consanguinity, Dysostoses, Genes, Recessive, Homozygote, Humans, Mice, Molecular Sequence 

Data, Mutation, Pedigree, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Signal 

Transduction, Spine, Spondylolysis; Mus 

Abstract : Diaphanospondylodysostosis (DSD) is a rare, recessively inherited, perinatal lethal skeletal disorder. The low frequency and 

perinatal lethality of DSD makes assembling a large set of families for traditional linkage-based genetic approaches 

challenging. By searching for evidence of unknown ancestral consanguinity, we identified two autozygous intervals, comprising 

34 Mbps, unique to a single case of DSD. Empirically testing for ancestral consanguinity was effective in localizing the 

120


causative variant, thereby reducing the genomic space within which the mutation resides. High-throughput sequence analysis 

of exons captured from these intervals demonstrated that the affected individual was homozygous for a null mutation in 

BMPER, which encodes the bone morphogenetic protein-binding endothelial cell precursor-derived regulator. Mutations in 

BMPER were subsequently found in three additional DSD cases, confirming that defects in BMPER produce DSD. Phenotypic 

similarities between DSD and Bmper null mice indicate that BMPER-mediated signaling plays an essential role in vertebral 

segmentation early in human development. © 2010 The American Society of Human Genetics. All rights reserved. 

No.329 

Author (s) : Futrakul, N., Butthep, P., Chunhakan, S., Banyatsuppasin, W., Futrakul, P. 

Title : Vascular homeostasis in early (normo-albuminuric) type 2 diabetic nephropathy 

Source : ASIAN BIOMEDICINE, Volume: 4, Issue: 6, Pages: 987-990, Published: DEC 2010 


Keywords : Enhanced renal perfusion; normo-albuminuric type 2 diabetic nephropathy; vascular homeostasis; restoring renal function 

Abstract : Background: Renal microvascular disease and reduction in peritubular capillary flow are generally observed in type 2 diabetic 

nephropathy (DN). Earlier therapeutic strategy with vasodilators has improved renal function in normo-albuminuric type 2 DN. 

Objective: Study the mechanism of vascular homeostasis in twenty patients associated with normo-albuminuric type 2 DN. 

Results: Angiogenic factors were observed in normo-albuminuric type 2 DN, where vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), 

was 420 +/- 341 vs. 428 +/- 291 pg/mL (normal), and vascular endothelial growth factor - receptor 1 (VEGF-R1) was 60 +/- 12 

vs. 49 +/- 5 ng/mL (normal), which were not significantly different from the controls. Anti-angiogenic factors were observed in 

normo-albuminuric type 2 DN, where angiopoietin-2, was 2309 +/- 1125 vs. 1671 +/- 835 pg/mL (normal), and vascular 

endothelial growth factor - receptor 2 (VEGF-R2) was 5715 +/- 1400 vs. 6126 +/- 1060 ng/mL (normal), which were not 

significantly different from the controls. Conclusion: The mechanism of vascular homeostasis was adequately functional in 

normo-albuminuric type 2 DN. This mechanism may explain the positive response to vasodilators and improved renal 

function in early stage of type 2 DN following the vasodilator treatment. 

No.330 

Author (s) : Gangnonngiw, W., Kanthong, N., Flegel, T.W. 

Title : Successful propagation of shrimp yellow head virus in immortal mosquito cells 

Source : Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, Volume 90, Issue 1, 18 May 2010, Pages 77-83 


Keywords : Insect cell line; Propagation; Shrimp; Virus; YHV 

Abstract : Research on crustacean viruses is hampered by the lack of continuous cell lines susceptible to them. To overcome this 

problem, we previously challenged immortal mosquito and lepidopteran cell lines with shrimp yellow head virus (YHV), 

followed by serial, split-passage of whole cells, and showed that this produced cells that persistently expressed YHV antigens. 

To determine whether such insect cultures positive for YHV antigens could be used to infect shrimp Penaeus monodon with 

YHV, culture supernatants and whole-cell homogenates were used to challenge shrimp by injection. Shrimp injected with 

culture supernatants could not be infected. However, shrimp injectionchallenged with whole-cell homogenates from Passage 

5 (early-passage) of such cultures died with histological and clinical signs typical for yellow head disease (YHD), while 

homogenates of mock-passaged, YHV-challenged cells did not. By contrast, shrimp challenged with cell homogenates of latepassage 

cultures became infected with YHV, but survived, suggesting that YHV attenuation had occurred during its long-term 

serial passage in insect cells. Thus, YHV could be propagated successfully in C6/36 mosquito cells and used at low passage 

numbers as a source of inoculum to initiate lethal infections in shrimp. This partially solves the problem of lack of continuous 

shrimp cell lines for cultivation of YHV. © Inter-Research 2010. 

No.331 

Author (s) : Gangnonngiw, W., Laisutisan, K., Sriurairatana, S., Senapin, S., Chuchird, N., Limsuwan, C., Chaivisuthangkura, P., Flegel, T.W. 

Title : Monodon baculovirus (MBV) infects the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii cultivated in Thailand 

Source : Virus Research, Volume 148, Issue 1-2, March 2010, Pages 24-30 


Keywords : Bacilliform virus; Electron microscopy; Histopathology; Macrobrachium rosenbergii; MBV; Monodon 

baculovirus; PemoNPV; Penaeus monodon nucleopolyhedrovirus 

121


Abstract : Field specimens of post-larvae of the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) from Thailand showed 

hepatopancreatic tubule epithelial cells that contained central, eosinophilic inclusions within enlarged nuclei and marginated 

chromatin. These inclusions resembled those produced by some baculoviruses prior to formation of occlusion bodies that 

enclose virions in a polyhedrin protein matrix. By electron microscopy, the intranuclear inclusions contained bacilliform, 

enveloped virions (approximately 327 ± 29 nm × 87 ± 12 nm) with evenly dense, linear nucleocapsids surrounded by 

trilaminar envelopes with lateral pockets containing nucleoproteinic filaments. In some cases, these were accompanied by 

moderately electron dense, spherical particles of approximately 20 nm diameter resembling polyhedrin subunits of occlusion 

bodies (OB) of a bacilliform virus of the black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon, previously reported from Thailand and called 

monodon baculovirus (MBV). It is currently listed by the International Committee on Taxonomy of viruses as Penaeus 

monodon nucleopolyhedrovirus (PemoNPV). Two polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for MBV gave positive results with 

DNA extracts prepared from M. rosenbergii samples using the hot phenol technique. One of these assays targeted the 

polyhedrin gene of MBV to which the resulting amplicon showed 100% sequence identity. Presence of the Penaeus monodon 

virus polyhedrin gene was confirmed by in situ hybridization assays and by positive immunohistochemical reactions in one 

sample batch. The data revealed that MBV can be found but may rarely produce polyhedrin occlusion bodies in M. 

rosenbergii. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.332 

Author (s) : Garusi, C., Lohsiriwat, V., De Lorenzi, F., Manconi, A., De Fiori, E., Bellomi, M. 

Title : A subfascial variant of the deep inferior epigastric artery demonstrated by preoperative multidetector computed tomographic 

angiography: A case report 

Source : Microsurgery, Volume 30, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 156-158 


Keywords : adult, angiography, article, case report, deep inferior epigastric perforator flap, end to end anastomosis, fascia, female, follow 

up, human, image quality, incision, intraoperative period, mastectomy, multidetector computed tomography, preoperative 

evaluation, priority journal, radiodiagnosis, rectus abdominis muscle; Abdominal Wall, Adult, Breast 

Neoplasms, Carcinoma, Epigastric Arteries, Fascia, Female, Humans, Mammaplasty, Mastectomy, Microsurgery, Preoperative 

Care, Surgical Flaps, Tomography, X-Ray Computed 

Abstract : Precise preoperative imaging by multidetector computed tomographic (MDCT) angiography for planning of deep inferior 

epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap dissection has been reported for enormous advantages in terms of reduced operative 

time and minimized flap-related complications. This case report shows a particularly rare anatomical subfascia variant of deep 

inferior epigastric artery (DIEA) which can be preoperatively demonstrated by MDCT angiogram. Therefore, the intraoperative 

finding also confirms the radiologic data and results in meticulous flap harvesting during incision on anterior rectus sheath. 

Additionally, the authors emphasize on performing preoperative high quality imaging for DIEP intervention precisely for 

specific vulnerable course of subfascial plane DIEP, which is rare but tends to be at risk without foreknowing its exact course. 

© 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 

No.333 

Author (s) : Gaudin, K., Millet, P., Fawaz, F., Olliaro, P., White, N.J., Cassus-Coussère, C., Agbahoungha, U., Dubost, J.-P. 

Title : Investigation of porous graphitic carbon at high-temperature liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection 

for the analysis of the drug combination artesunate-Azithromycin for the treatment of severe malaria 

Source : Journal of Chromatography A, Volume 1217, Issue 1, 1 January 2010, Pages 75-81 


Keywords : Artesunate; Azithromycin; Evaporative light scattering detection; HTLC-PGC-ELSD; Malaria; Porous graphitic carbon 

Abstract : Artesunate combined therapies represent the best option for the treatment of malaria and require the development of new 

methods of analysis. Retention, selectivity and detection with high-temperature liquid chromatography-porous graphitic 

carbon-evaporative light scattering detection was studied for artesunate and azithromycin separation. Organic solvent, 

concentration of organic modifiers, temperature and flow rate were all relevant parameters to optimize this separation. The 

behaviour of artesunate in the tested conditions appeared close to a neutral compound. In CH3OH, only azithromycin 

retention was dramatically altered depending on the [triethylamine]/[formic acid] ratio and on the temperature, whereas in 

CH3CN, azithromycin, artesunate, artemisinin and dihydroartemisinin retentions decreased with the temperature increase 

whatever the organic modifier ratio. The best efficiency was obtained with CH3CN. 25% variation of the concentration values 

of the organic modifiers did not significantly influenced the retention. The sensitivity of ELSD increased with the flow rate 

122


decrease. Peak area and S/N ratio dramatically decreased with the flow rate increase by 10- and 5-fold for artesunate and 

azithromycin, respectively. Non-linear calibration curves were obtained for both artesunate and azithromycin. © 2009 Elsevier 

B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.334 

Author (s) : Gauthier, S., Garcia, A., Sano, M., Robert, P., Senanarong, V., Woodward, M., Brodaty, H. 

Title : Priorities for research consortia on Alzheimer's disease 

Source : Alzheimer's and Dementia, Volume 6, Issue 4, July 2010, Pages 359-362 

Document Type : Short Survey 

Keywords : Alzheimer disease, cultural anthropology, dementia, disease registry, family, human, liaison psychiatry, longitudinal 

study, medical education, medical ethics, medical research, observational study, outcome assessment, prevention 

study, priority journal, program development, short survey, validation process; Age of Onset, Alzheimer Disease, Clinical Trials 

as Topic, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Ethics, Research, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Randomized Controlled Trials as 

Topic, Registries, Reproducibility of Results, Research, Research Design 

Abstract : Coordination and harmonization of efforts between five major research consortia on Alzheimer's disease may increase our 

understanding of this condition and improve our therapeutic approaches. Specific opportunities include a registry for families 

with early onset dementia, a study registry, minimal data sets, validation of assessment tools and outcomes, update on 

ethical issues, resolution of methodological issues, new investigators training, longitudinal observation studies, prevention 

studies, and liaison with stakeholders such as Alzheimer Disease International. © 2010 The Alzheimer's Association. All rights 

reserved. 

No.335 

Author (s) : Geibprasert, S., Krings, T. 

Title : Response 

Source : Journal of Neurosurgery, Volume 112, Issue 3, March 2010, Page 696 


Keywords : anastomosis, brain arteriovenous malformation, human, hydrocephalus, letter, postural drainage, priority journal, shunting 


No.336 

Author (s) : Geibprasert, S., Krings, T., Apitzsoh, J., Reinges, M.H.T., Nolte, K.W., Hans, F.J. 

Title : Subarachnoid hemorrhage following posterior spinal artery aneurysm: A case report and review of the literature 

Source : Interventional Neuroradiology, Volume 16, Issue 2, June 2010, Pages 183-190 


Keywords : Arterial dissection; Posterior spinal artery; Spinal aneurysm; Spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage 

Abstract : Isolated posterior spinal artery aneurysms are rare vascular lesions. We describe the case of a 43-year-old man presenting 

with spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage after a minor trauma who was found to have a dissecting aneurysm of a posterior spinal 

artery originating from the right T4 level. Endovascular treatment was not contemplated because of the small size of the 

feeding artery, whereas surgical resection was deemed more appropriate because of the posterolateral perimedullary location 

that was well appreciated on CT angiography. After surgical resection of the aneurysm the patient had a complete 

neurological recovery. In comparison to anterior spinal artery aneurysms whose pathogenesis is diverse, posterior spinal 

aneurysms are most often secondary to a dissection and represent false or spurious aneurysms. Although the definite 

diagnosis still requires spinal angiography, MRI and CT may better delineate the relationship of the aneurysm to the spinal 

cord in order to determine the best treatment method. Prompt treatment is recommended as they have high rebleeding and 

mortality rates. 

No.337 

Author (s) : Geibprasert, S., Pongpech, S., Jiarakongmun, P., Shroff, M.M., Armstrong, D.C., Krings, T. 

Title : Radiologic assessment of brain arteriovenous malformations: What clinicians need to know 

Source : Radiographics, Volume 30, Issue 2, March 2010, Pages 483-501 


123


Keywords : article, brain angiography, brain arteriovenous malformation, computer assisted tomography, human, magnetic resonance 

angiography, methodology; Cerebral Angiography, Humans, Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations, Magnetic Resonance 

Angiography, Tomography, X-Ray Computed 

Abstract : Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are abnormal vascular connections within the brain that are presumably congenital 

in nature. There are several subgroups, the most common being glomerular type brain AVMs, with fistulous type AVMs being 

less common. A brain AVM may also be a part of more extensive disease (eg, cerebrofacial arteriovenous metameric 

syndrome). When intracranial pathologic vessels are encountered at cross-sectional imaging, other diagnoses must also be 

considered, including large developmental venous anomalies, malignant dural arteriovenous fistulas, and moyamoya disease, 

since these entities are known to have different natural histories and require different treatment options. Several imaging 

findings in brain AVMs have an impact on decision making with respect to clinical management; the most important are those 

known to be associated with risk of future hemorrhage, including evidence of previous hemorrhage, intranidal aneurysms, 

venous stenosis, deep venous drainage, and deep location of the nidus. Other imaging findings that should be included in the 

radiology report are secondary effects caused by brain AVMs that may lead to nonhemorrhagic neurologic deficits, such as 

venous congestion, gliosis, hydrocephalus, or arterial steal. © RSNA, 2010. 

No.338 

Author (s) : Geibprasert, S.; Fanning, N.F.; Pedroza, A.; terBrugge, K.G. 

Title : Imaging characteristics of arteriovenous malformations simulating vascular tumors of the temporalis muscle: a report of two 

cases 

Source : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, Volume: 39, Issue: 4, Pages: 402-406, DOI: 

10.1016/j.ijom.2009.12.009, Published: APR 2010 


Keywords : temporalis muscle; facial; scalp; intramuscular; arteriovenous malformation 

Abstract : Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the temporalis muscle are an extremely rare subgroup of head and neck AVMs. The 

authors report two cases presenting with temporal fossa tumor-like lesions. MRI demonstrated enlargement of the temporalis 

muscle with hypointensity on T1, hyperintensity on T2 and moderate contrast enhancement. Angiography shows slow 

arteriovenous shunting with a dense capillary blush of the entire muscle before draining into facial veins. The arterial supply 

is characteristic of being restricted to the temporalis muscle. 

No.339 

Author (s) : Geibprasert, Sasikhan; Krings, Timo 

Title : Hydrocephalus in unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations RESPONSE 

Source : JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY, Volume: 112, Issue: 3, Pages: 696-696, Published: MAR 2010 




No.340 

Author (s) : Gerdprasert, S., Pruksacheva, T., Panijpan, B., Ruenwongsa, P. 

Title : Development of a web-based learning medium on mechanism of labour for nursing students 

Source : Nurse Education Today, Volume 30, Issue 5, July 2010, Pages 464-469 


Keywords : Mechanism of labour; Multimedia; Nursing students; Web-based learning unit 

Abstract : This study aimed to develop a web-based learning media on the process and mechanism of labour for the third-year 

university nursing and midwifery students. This media was developed based on integrating principles of the mechanism of 

labour with the 5Es inquiry cycle and interactive features of information technology. In this study, the web-based learning unit 

was used to supplement the conventional lecture as in the traditional teaching. Students' achievements were assessed by 

using the pre- and post-test on factual knowledge and semi-structured interviews on attitude to the unit. Supplementation 

with this learning unit made learning significantly more effective than the traditional lecture by itself. The students also 

showed positive attitude toward the learning unit. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. 

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No.341 

Author (s) : Gerdsri, N., Assakul, P., Vatananan, R.S. 

Title : An activity guideline for technology roadmapping implementation 

Source : Technology Analysis and Strategic Management, 22 (2), pp. 229-242. 


Keywords : Activity guideline; Change management; Echnology roadmapping; TRM; TRM implementation 

Abstract : To strive for sustainability under today's intense business competition, organisations apply technology roadmapping (TRM) as 

a strategic planning tool to align their technology strategies with business strategies. Many organisations desire to integrate 

TRM into an ongoing strategic planning process. The consequences of TRM implementation can lead to some changes in the 

business process, organisational structure, or even working culture. Applying a change management approach will help 

organisations to understand the basic elements that an individual needs so that some challenges can be addressed in 

advance before adopting the TRM process. This paper proposes a practical guideline to implement technology roadmapping 

along with a case example. © 2010 Taylor & Francis. 

No.342 

Author (s) : Gesprasert, G., Wichukchinda, N., Mori, M., Shiino, T., Auwanit, W., Sriwanthana, B., Pathipvanich, P., Sawanpanyalert, P., Miura, 

T., Auewarakul, P., Thitithanyanont, A., Ariyoshi, K. 

Title : HLA-Associated immune pressure on gag protein in CRF01_AE-Infected individuals and its association with plasma viral load 



Keywords : amino acid, capsid protein, Gag protein, HLA antigen, primer DNA; article, CD4 lymphocyte count, cytotoxic T 

lymphocyte, gene amplification, gene frequency, gene mutation, gene sequence, genetic polymorphism, HLA 

typing, human, Human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection, major clinical study, nonhuman, nucleotide sequence, polymerase 

chain reaction, revertant, sequence analysis, Thailand, unindexed sequence, virus load, allele, disease 

transmission, genetics, Human immunodeficiency virus infection, immunology, mutation, virology; Human immunodeficiency 

virus, Human immunodeficiency virus 1, Miridae; Alleles, Base Sequence, DNA Primers, Gene Products, gag, HIV Infections, HLA 

Antigens, Mutation, Polymerase Chain Reaction, T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic, Viral Load 

Abstract : Background: The human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response is one of the 

major factors determining the genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). There are few population-based 

analyses of the amino acid variations associated with the host HLA type and their clinical relevance for the Asian population. 

Here, we identified HLA-associated polymorphisms in the HIV-1 CRF01_AE Gag protein in infected married couples, and 

examined the consequences of these HLA-selected mutations after transmission to HLA-unmatched recipients. 

Methodology/Principal Findings: One hundred sixteen HIV-1-infected couples were recruited at a government hospital in 

northern Thailand. The 1.7-kb gag gene was amplified and directly sequenced. We identified 56 associations between amino 

acid variations in Gag and HLA alleles. Of those amino acid variations, 35 (62.5%) were located within or adjacent to regions 

reported to be HIV-specific CTL epitopes restricted by the relevant HLA. Interestingly, a significant number of HLAassociated 

amino acid variations appear to be unique to the CRF01_AE-infected Thai population. Variations in the capsid protein (p24) 

had the strongest associations with the viral load and CD4 cell count. The mutation and reversion rates after transmission to a 

host with a different HLA environment varied considerably. The p24 T242N variant escape from B57/58 CTL had a significant 

impact on the HIV-1 viral load of CRF01_AE-infected patients. Conclusions/Significance: HLA-associated amino acid mutations 

and the CTL selection pressures on the p24 antigen appear to have the most significant impact on HIV replication in a 

CRF01_AE-infected Asian population. HLA-associated mutations with a low reversion rate accumulated as a footprint in this 

Thai population. The novel HLA-associated mutations identified in this study encourage us to acquire more extensive 

information about the viral dynamics of HLA-associated amino acid polymorphisms in a given population as effective CTL 

vaccine targets. © 2010 Gesprasert et al. 

No.343 

Author (s) : Glover, S.J., Maude, R.J., Taylor, T.E., Molyneux, M.E., Beare, N.A. 

Title : Malarial retinopathy and fluorescein angiography findings in a Malawian child with cerebral malaria 

Source : The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Volume 10, Issue 6, June 2010, Page 440 

Document Type : Note 

125


Keywords : quinine; anemia, blood transfusion, brain malaria, case report, child, coma, human, malarial 

retinopathy, Malawi, male, note, ophthalmoscopy, papilledema, Plasmodium falciparum, preschool child, priority 

journal, retina fluorescein angiography, retina hemorrhage, retinopathy; Fluorescein Angiography, Humans, Infant, Malaria, 

Cerebral, Malawi, Male, Retinal Diseases 


No.344 

Author (s) : Goh, H. G.; Kim, D.; Choi, S. Y.; Kim, S. H.; Kim, J. Y.; Park, S.; Kim, M. S.; Jang, E. J.; Woodman, R.; Szczudlo, T.; Kim, H. J.; Jootar, 

S.; Kim, H. J.; Sohn, S. K.; Park, J. S.; Kim, S. H.; Zang, D. Y.; Oh, S. J.; Kim, D. W. 

Title : EFFICACY OF NILOTINIB VERSUS IMATINIB IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH PH plus CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA IN EARLY CP WHO 

HAVE A SUBOPTIMAL MOLECULAR RESPONSE TO IMATINIB (RE-NICE MULTICENTER STUDY) 






No.345 

Author (s) : Goldhaber-Fiebert, J.D., Li, H., Ratanawijitrasin, S., Vidyasagar, S., Wang, X.Y., Aljunid, S., Shah, N., Wang, Z., Hirunrassamee, S., 

Bairy, K.L., Wang, J., Saperi, S., Nur, A.M., Eggleston, K. 

Title : Inpatient treatment of diabetic patients in Asia: Evidence from India, China, Thailand and Malaysia 

Source : Diabetic Medicine, Volume 27, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 101-108 


Keywords : Asia; Diabetes; Economic burden; Inpatient treatment 

Abstract : Aims: The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) has grown rapidly, but little is known about the drivers of inpatient 

spending in low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to compare the clinical presentation and expenditure on 

hospital admission for inpatients with a primary diagnosis of Type 2 DM in India, China, Thailand and Malaysia. Methods We 

analysed data on adult, Type 2 DM patients admitted between 2005 and 2008 to five tertiary hospitals in the four countries, 

reporting expenditures relative to income per capita in 2007. Results Hospital admission spending for diabetic inpatients with 

no complications ranged from 11 to 75% of per-capita income. Spending for patients with complications ranged from 6% to 

over 300% more than spending for patients without complications treated at the same hospital. Glycated haemoglobin was 

significantly higher for the uninsured patients, compared with insured patients, in India (8.6 vs. 8.1%), Hangzhou, China (9.0 vs. 

8.1%), and Shandong, China (10.9 vs. 9.9%). When the hospital admission expenditures of the insured and uninsured patients 

were statistically different in India and China, the uninsured always spent less than the insured patients. Conclusions With the 

rising prevalence of DM, households and health systems in these countries will face greater economic burdens. The returns to 

investment in preventing diabetic complications appear substantial. Countries with large out-of-pocket financing burdens such 

as India and China are associated with the widest gaps in resource use between insured and uninsured patients. This probably 

reflects both overuse by the insured and underuse by the uninsured. © 2010 Diabetes UK. 

No.346 

Author (s) : Good, D.M., Zürbig, P., Argilés, À., Bauer, H.W., Behrens, G., Coon, J.J., Dakna, M., Decramer, S., Delles, C., Dominiczak, A.F., 

Ehrich, J.H.H., Eitner, F., Fliser, D., Frommberger, M., Ganser, A., Girolami, M.A., Golovko, I., Gwinner, W., Haubitz, M., Herget- 

Rosenthal, S., Jankowski, J., Jahn, H., Jerums, G., Julian, B.A., Kellmann, M., Kliem, V., Kolch, W., Krolewski, A.S., Luppi, M., 

Massy, Z., Melter, M., Neusüss, C., Novak, J., Peter, K., Rossing, K., Rupprecht, H., Schanstra, J.P., Schiffer, E., Stolzenburg, J.-U., 

Tarnow, L., Theodorescu, D., Thongboonkerd, V., Vanholder, R., Weissinger, E.M., Mischak, H., Schmitt-Kopplinr, P. 

Title : Naturally occurring human urinary peptides for use in diagnosis of chronic kidney disease 

Source : Molecular and Cellular Proteomics, Volume 9, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 2424-2437 


Keywords : biological marker; adult, aged, amino acid sequence, article, capillary electrophoresis, chronic kidney disease, diagnostic 

accuracy, female, human, major clinical study, male, mass spectrometry, priority journal, protein urine 

level, proteomics, sensitivity and specificity, urinalysis; Adult, Aged, Biological Markers, Databases, Factual, Electrophoresis, 

126


Capillary, Female, Humans, Kidney Failure, Chronic, Male, Mass Spectrometry, Middle Aged, Peptides, Proteomics, ROC 

Curve, Young Adult 

Abstract : Because of its availability, ease of collection, and correlation with physiology and pathology, urine is an attractive source for 

clinical proteomics/peptidomics. However, the lack of comparable data sets from large cohorts has greatly hindered the 

development of clinical proteomics. Here, we report the establishment of a reproducible, high resolution method for 

peptidome analysis of naturally occurring human urinary peptides and proteins, ranging from 800 to 17,000 Da, using samples 

from 3,600 individuals analyzed by capillary electrophoresis coupled to MS. All processed data were deposited in an 

Structured Query Language (SQL) database. This database currently contains 5,010 relevant unique urinary peptides that serve 

as a pool of potential classifiers for diagnosis and monitoring of various diseases. As an example, by using this source of 

information, we were able to define urinary peptide biomarkers for chronic kidney diseases, allowing diagnosis of these 

diseases with high accuracy. Application of the chronic kidney disease-specific biomarker set to an independent test cohort in 

the subsequent replication phase resulted in 85.5% sensitivity and 100% specificity. These results indicate the potential 

usefulness of capillary electrophoresis coupled to MS for clinical applications in the analysis of naturally occurring urinary 

peptides. © 2010 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc. 

No.347 

Author (s) : Govitrapong, P., Boontem, P., Kooncumchoo, P., Pinweha, S., Namyen, J., Sanvarinda, Y., Vatanatunyakum, S. 

Title : Increased blood oxidative stress in amphetamine users 

Source : Addiction Biology, Volume 15, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 100-102 


Keywords : Amphetamine; Catalase; Glutathione peroxidase; Lipid peroxidation; Oxidative stress; Superoxide dismutase 

Abstract : Amphetamine derivatives have been shown to be a potential brain neurotoxin based on the production of free radicals that 

occurs after administration. The purpose of this study was to examine the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in the 

blood of amphetamine users. The plasma lipid peroxidation was determined and reported as thiobarbituric acid reactive 

substance and was significantly increased (+21%), whereas the activities of the erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes glutathione 

peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase were significantly decreased (-32%, -14% and -31%, respectively) in 

amphetamine users. These results implicated the potential role of oxidative stress in amphetamine-induced neurotoxicity. © 

2009 Society for the Study of Addiction. 

No.348 

Author (s) : Grace, S.R., Agarwal, R.P., Kaymakçalan, B., Sae-Jie, W. 

Title : Oscillation theorems for second order nonlinear dynamic equations 

Source : Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computing, Volume 32, Issue 1, February 2010, Pages 205-218 


Keywords : Almost linear; Nonoscillation; Oscillation; Sublinear; Superlinear 

Abstract : Some new criteria for the oscillation of nonlinear dynamic equations of the form (a(t)(x ∆(t))α)∆ + f(t,x σ(t))=0 on a time 

scale T are established. © 2009 Korean Society for Computational and Applied Mathematics. 

No.349 

Author (s) : Grace, S.R., Agarwal, R.P., Wichuta, S.-J. 

Title : Monotone and oscillatory behavior of certain fourth order nonlinear dynamic equations 

Source : Dynamic Systems and Applications, Volume 19, Issue 1, March 2010, Pages 25-32 


Keywords : Dynamic equation; Nonoscillation; Oscillation 

Abstract : Monotone and oscillatory behavior of solutions of the fourth order dynamic equation (a(x∆∆)α) ∆∆(t)+(t)(xσ)β(t) = 0 with 

the property that x(t)/∫tt0 ∫ at0a-1/a(τ)∆τ∆s → as t → ∞ are established. © Dynamic Publishers, Inc. 

No.350 

Author (s) : Graves, N., Harbarth, S., Beyersmann, J., Barnett, A., Halton, K., Cooper, B. 

Title : Estimating the cost of health care-assodated infections: Mind your p's and q's 

Source : Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 50, Issue 7, 1 April 2010, Pages 1017-1021 


127


Keywords : decision making, funding, health care cost, health economics, hospitalization, human, infection, infection 

control, information, length of stay, outcome assessment, priority journal, review; Costs and Cost Analysis, Cross 

Infection, Health Care Costs, Humans, Models, Economic 

Abstract : Monetary valuations of the economic cost of health care-associated infections (HAIs) are important for decision making and 

should be estimated accurately. Erroneously high estimates of costs, designed to jolt decision makers into action, may do 

more harm than good in the struggle to attract funding for infection control. Expectations among policy makers might be 

raised, and then they are disappointed when the reduction in the number of HAIs does not yield the anticipated cost saving. 

For this article, we critically review the field and discuss 3 questions. Why measure the cost of an HAI? What outcome should 

be used to measure the cost of an HAI? What is the best method for making this measurement? The aim is to encourage 

researchers to collect and then disseminate information that accurately guides decisions about the economic value of 

expanding or changing current infection control activities. © 2010 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights 

reserved. 

No.351 

Author (s) : Green, J.H. 

Title : Who's the boss?: Culture and the problem of transfer 



Keywords : Culture; Higher education; Learner agency; Personal epistemology; Transfer of learning 

Abstract : Transfer of learning, although arguably education's most important goal, is also its most pervasive problem. Research confirms 

one of the classroom teacher's most common complaints: that learners do not transfer what they have learnt in one subject 

to another, or fail to use what they have learnt in the school setting in the "real world." There may be many reasons for this - 

one being that transfer is often left to take care of itself. To counter this, cognitive-based strategies, such as "hugging" and 

"bridging," suggest that educators pay active attention to both structural and instructional elements in order to effect transfer: 

educators, can, for example, draw learners' attention to extra-contextual opportunities to use their learning, or coach them to 

develop the thinking skills that allow the abstraction of transferrable principles. Conceptualizations such as these, however, 

do not go far enough. Because these interventions rely on the instructor, the sought-after transfer may not occur once the 

learner is removed from the context and is required to act independently. What is preferred is a self-motivated, autonomous, 

mastery-oriented learner - one who will actively seek opportunities using his or her skills or knowledge in new contexts. Such 

a learner, however, will only develop if cultural conditions so allow. This discussion explores the link between culture, 

learner agency, and transfer of learning. In so doing, it examines practical cultural concerns, particularly in a Thai context, that 

may help or hinder transfer of learning. © Common Ground, Jonathan H. Green. 

No.352 

Author (s) : Gritsanapan, W.; Sakulpanich, A. 

Title : Standardized Cassia fistula pod extracts 





No.353 

Author (s) : Gritsanapan, W.; Sakulpanich, A.; Thongpraditchote, S. 

Title : Anthraquinone content and toxicity test of Cassia fistula pod extracts 





No.354 

Author (s) : Gritsanapan, W.; Tangyuenyongwatana, P. 

Title : Investigation of Thai traditional way for detoxification of aloe 

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No.355 

Author (s) : Gruson, K.I., Pillai, G., Vanadurongwan, B., Parsons, B.O., Flatow, E.L. 

Title : Early clinical results following staged bilateral primary total shoulder arthroplasty 

Source : Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Volume 19, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 137-142 


Keywords : adult, aged, article, blood transfusion, clinical article, clinical evaluation, daily life activity, female, follow 

up, hospitalization, human, male, operation duration, outcome assessment, pain assessment, patient 

satisfaction, postoperative hemorrhage, priority journal, range of motion, retrospective study, scoring system, Short Form 

36, shoulder arthroplasty, surgeon, visual analog scale; Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Chi-Square 

Distribution, Cohort Studies, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Length of Stay, Male, Middle Aged, Pain 

Measurement, Patient Satisfaction, Postoperative Complications, Probability, Range of Motion, Articular, Recovery of 

Function, Retrospective Studies, Risk Assessment, Shoulder Joint, Shoulder Pain, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome 

Abstract : Background: The advantages of performing either a single- or 2-staged joint replacement has been reviewed extensively in the 

hip and knee arthroplasty literature, but far less data exist regarding total shoulder replacements. In the appropriate clinical 

setting, bilateral total shoulder arthroplasty yields excellent functional results with a low complication profile. Materials and 

methods: We evaluated retrospectively the records of 13 consecutive patients (26 shoulders) who underwent staged bilateral 

primary total shoulder replacements by a single surgeon, with a minimum follow-up of 12 months for each side (range, 12.0- 

61.5). The interval between replacements averaged 7.4 months (range, 0.5-26.0). Results: The mean unadjusted baseline 

Constant score for the first versus the second side was not significant (35 vs 41, P = .3). These scores improved to 73 and 72 

by final follow-up (both P < .0001). Mean pain scores on the visual analog scale (VAS) improved from 6.9 to 0.9 (P < .0001). 

We found no difference in the estimated blood loss (EBL), operative time, or hospital length of stay (LOS) between the sides. 

Significantly higher mean scores were demonstrated in all components of the SF-36 questionnaire over a normalized cohort 

of U.S. age-matched males and females by final follow-up. All patients were satisfied with both procedures. Conclusion: 

Staged, bilateral total shoulder arthroplasty results in excellent functional outcomes and high satisfaction in subjective 

patient assessment. We currently recommend a minimum of 6 weeks between replacements to allow for appropriate tissue 

healing and rehabilitation. Level of Evidence: 4. © 2010 Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Board of Trustees. 

No.356 

Author (s) : Guzman, M.G., Jaenisch, T., Gaczkowski, R., Hang, V.T.T., Sekaran, S.D., Kroeger, A., Vazquez, S., Ruiz, D., Martinez, E., Mercado, 

J.C., Balmaseda, A., Harris, E., Dimano, E., Leano, P.S.A., Yoksan, S., Villegas, E., Benduzu, H., Villalobos, I., Farrar, J., Simmons, 

C.P. 

Title : Multi-country evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of two commercially-available NS1 ELISA assays for dengue diagnosis 

Source : PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 4 (8), art. no. e811, . 


Keywords : immunoglobulin M, nonstructural protein 1; antibody detection, article, Asia, blood donor, clinical trial, controlled clinical 

trial, controlled study, dengue, diagnostic accuracy, disease severity, early diagnosis, enzyme linked immunosorbent 

assay, fever, human, immunoassay, intermethod comparison, laboratory test, major clinical study, multicenter 

study, nonhuman, sensitivity and specificity, Western Hemisphere; Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Antibodies, Viral, Antigens, 

Viral, Child, Child, Preschool, Dengue, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Humans, Immunoglobulin M, Infant, Middle 

Aged, Reagent Kits, Diagnostic, Sensitivity and Specificity, Viral Nonstructural Proteins, Virology, Young Adult 

Abstract : Background:Early diagnosis of dengue can assist patient triage and management and prevent unnecessary treatments and 

interventions. Commercially available assays that detect the dengue virus protein NS1 in the plasma/serum of patients offers 

the possibility of early and rapid diagnosis. Methodology/Principal Findings:The sensitivity and specificity of the Pan-E Dengue 

Early ELISA and the PlateliaTM Dengue NS1 Ag assays were compared against a reference diagnosis in 1385 patients in 6 

countries in Asia and the Americas. Platelia was more sensitive (66%) than Pan-E (52%) in confirmed dengue cases. Sensitivity 

varied by geographic region, with both assays generally being more sensitive in patients from SE Asia than the Americas. Both 

kits were more sensitive for specimens collected within the first few days of illness onset relative to later time points. Pan-E 

129


and Platelia were both 100% specific in febrile patients without evidence of acute dengue. In patients with other confirmed 

diagnoses and healthy blood donors, Platelia was more specific (100%) than Pan-E (90%). For Platelia, when either the NS1 

test or the IgM test on the acute sample was positive, the sensitivity versus the reference result was 82% in samples 

collected in the first four days of fever. NS1 sensitivity was not associated to disease severity (DF or DHF) in the Platelia test, 

whereas a trend for higher sensitivity in DHF cases was seen in the Pan-E test (however combined with lower overall 

sensitivity). Conclusions/Significance:Collectively, this multi-country study suggests that the best performing NS1 assay 

(Platelia) had moderate sensitivity (median 64%, range 34-76%) and high specificity (100%) for the diagnosis of dengue. The 

poor sensitivity of the evaluated assays in some geographical regions suggests further assessments are needed. The 

combination of NS1 and IgM detection in samples collected in the first few days of fever increased the overall dengue 

diagnostic sensitivity. © 2010 Guzman et al. 

No.357 

Author (s) : Guzman, Maria G.; Halstead, Scott B.; Artsob, Harvey; Buchy, Philippe; Jeremy Farrar; Gubler, Duane J.; Hunsperger, Elizabeth; 

Kroeger, Axel; Margolis, Harold S.; Martinez, Eric; Nathan, Michael B.; Luis Pelegrino, Jose; Cameron Simmons; Yoksan, Sutee; 

Peeling, Rosanna W. 

Title : Dengue: a continuing global threat 

Source : NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY, Supplement: S, Pages: S7-S16, DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro2460, Published: DEC 2010 


Keywords : PLAQUE-REDUCTION NEUTRALIZATION; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEIN NS1; POLYMERASE CHAIN- 

REACTION; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE PCR; TYPE-4 VACCINE CANDIDATE; HEALTHY ADULT VOLUNTEERS; ORIGINAL ANTIGENIC 

SIN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-M IGM; T-CELL RESPONSES 

Abstract : Dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever are important arthropod-brone viral diseases. Each year, there are similar to 50 

million dengue infections and similar to 500,000 individuals are hospitalized with dengue haemorrhagic fever, mainly in 

Southeast Asia, the Pacific and the Americas. Illness is produced by any of the four dengue virus serotypes. A global strategy 

aimed at increasing the capacity for surveillance and outbreak response, changing behaviours and reducing the disease 

burden using integrated vector management in conjunction with early and accurate diagnosis has been advocated. Antiviral 

drugs and vaccines that are currently under development could also make an important contribution to dengue control in 

the future. 

No.358 

Author (s) : Gwee, K.-A., Bak, Y.-T., Ghoshal, U.C., Gonlachanvit, S., Lee, O.Y., Fock, K.M., Chua, A.S.B., Lu, C.-L., Goh, K.-L., Kositchaiwat, C., 

Makharia, G., Park, H.-J., Chang, F.-Y., Fukudo, S., Choi, M.-G., Bhatia, S., Ke, M., Hou, X., Hongo, M. 

Title : Asian consensus on irritable bowel syndrome 

Source : Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Volume 25, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 1189-1205 


Keywords : Asia; diagnosis; diet; epidemiology; irritable bowel syndrome; pathophysiology; symptom 

Abstract : Background and Aims: Many of the ideas on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are derived from studies conducted in Western 

societies. Their relevance to Asian societies has not been critically examined. Our objectives were to bring to attention 

important data from Asian studies, articulate the experience and views of our Asian experts, and provide a relevant guide on 

this poorly understood condition for doctors and scientists working in Asia. Methods: A multinational group of physicians from 

Asia with special interest in IBS raised statements on IBS pertaining to symptoms, diagnosis, epidemiology, infection, 

pathophysiology, motility, management, and diet. A modified Delphi approach was employed to present and grade the 

quality of evidence, and determine the level of agreement. Results: We observed that bloating and symptoms associated 

with meals were prominent complaints among our IBS patients. In the majority of our countries, we did not observe a female 

predominance. In some Asian populations, the intestinal transit times in healthy and IBS patients appear to be faster than 

those reported in the West. High consultation rates were observed, particularly in the more affluent countries. There was only 

weak evidence to support the perception that psychological distress determines health-care seeking. Dietary factors, in 

particular, chili consumption and the high prevalence of lactose malabsorption, were perceived to be aggravating factors, but 

the evidence was weak. Conclusions: This detailed compilation of studies from different parts of Asia, draws attention to 

Asian patients' experiences of IBS. © 2010 Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Foundation and Blackwell Publishing 

Asia Pty Ltd. 

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No.359 

Author (s) : Haddow, L.J., Colebunders, R., Meintjes, G., Lawn, S.D., Elliott, J.H., Manabe, Y.C., Bohjanen, P.R., Sungkanuparph, S., 

Easterbrook, P.J., French, M.A., Boulware, D.R. 

Title : Cryptococcal immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-1-infected individuals: proposed clinical case definitions 

Source : The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Volume 10, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 791-802 


Keywords : corticosteroid, fluconazole, nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent, prednisone, thalidomide; antigen detection, Cryptococcal 

immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, cryptococcal meningitis, cryptococcosis, Cryptococcus, Cryptococcus 

neoformans, epidemiology, fungus culture, highly active antiretroviral therapy, human, Human immunodeficiency virus 

1, Human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection, Human immunodeficiency virus infected patient, immune reconstitution 

inflammatory syndrome, immunopathology, lymphadenopathy, pneumonia, priority journal, review, skin 

defect, Strongyloides, tuberculosis; Anti-HIV Agents, Cryptococcosis, Cryptococcus, HIV Infections, HIV-1, Humans, Immune 

Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome 

Abstract : Cryptococcal immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) may present as a clinical worsening or new presentation of 

cryptococcal disease after initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART), and is thought to be caused by recovery of cryptococcusspecific 

immune responses. We have reviewed reports of cryptococcal IRIS and have developed a consensus case definition 

specifically for paradoxical crytopcoccal IRIS in patients with HIV-1 and known cryptococcal disease before ART, and a 

separate definition for incident cryptococcosis developed during ART (termed ART-associated cryptococcosis), for which a 

proportion of cases are likely to be unmasking cryptococcal IRIS. These structured case definitions are intended to aid design 

of future clinical, epidemiological, and immunopathological studies of cryptococcal IRIS, to standardise diagnostic criteria, and 

to facilitate comparisons between studies. As for definitions of tuberculosis-associated IRIS, definitions for cryptococcal IRIS 

should be regarded as preliminary until further insights into the immunopathology of IRIS permit their refinement. © 2010 

Elsevier Ltd. 

No.360 

Author (s) : Haginoya, K., Thangavel, V., Pandian, G.N., Tomimoto, K., Shitomi, Y., Azuma, M., Angsuthanasombat, C., Hori, H. 

Title : Investigation of physicochemical condition to stabilize phosphatidylcholineliposome enclosing fluorescent calcein and its 

exploitation for analysis of pore formation with Cry1A toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis 

Source : Applied Entomology and Zoology, Volume 45, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 477-488 


Keywords : Bacillus thuringiensis; Calcein release assay; PC liposome; Pore formation with Cry1A toxins 

Abstract : Liposome was prepared using phosphatidylcholine (PC), and calcein, a fluorescent chemical, was simultaneously enclosed 

within the liposome (PC-Lipo). The stability of PC-Lipo in its ability to retain calcein was evaluated under various conditions. 

PC-Lipo lost stability at pH 6 and pH 11-13, but was stable in the range of pH 8.3-10. PC-Lipo was stable in the temperature 

range of 15-30°C, but lost the stability acutely at 35°C. Ionic strength, given as the concentration of NaCl, also affects its 

stability, and a higher concentration of NaCl, i.e., more than 150mM, induced a higher leak of calcein from PC-Lipo. The 

optimal conditions to achieve stable PC-Lipo were employed to characterize the differences in pore formation with Bacillus 

thuringiensis Cry1Aa, Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac toxins. These toxins were reacted with PC-Lipo under these optimal conditions, and 

the affinity and maximum speed of Cry1Ab to form pores on PC-Lipo was shown to be highest. Here we show these 

conditions and evidence of the usefulness of PC-Lipo to investigate the mode of action of Cry1A toxins. 

No.361 

Author (s) : Hahnvajanawong, C., Boonyanugomol, W., Nasomyon, T., Loilome, W., Namwat, N., Anantachoke, N., Tassaneeyakul, W., Sripa, 

B., Namwat, W., Reutrakul, V. 

Title : Apoptotic activity of caged xanthones from Garcinia hanburyi in cholangiocarcinoma cell lines 

Source : World Journal of Gastroenterology, Volume 16, Issue 18, 14 May 2010, Pages 2235-2243 


Keywords : Apoptosis; Caged xanthones; Garcinia hanburyi; Human cholangiocarcinoma cell lines 

Abstract : AIM: To investigate the growth inhibitory mechanism of four caged xanthones from Garcinia hanburyi in cholangiocarcinoma 

(CCA) KKU-100 and KKU-M156 cells. METHODS: Four caged xanthones, selected on the basis of their anticancer potency and 

chemical structure diversities (i.e. isomorellin, isomorellinol, forbesione and gambogic acid) were used in this study. Growth 

inhibition of these caged xanthones was determined using the sulforhodamine B assay. Induction of apoptosis was assessed 

131


by observing cell morphology, ethidium bromide and acridine orange staining and DNA fragmentation assay. Levels of 

apoptotic-related gene and protein expressions were determined by a real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain 

reaction and Western blotting analysis, respectively. RESULTS: The compounds were found to inhibit growth of both cell lines 

in a dose-dependent manner and also showed selective cytotoxicity against the cancer cells when compared with normal 

peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Growth suppression by these compounds was due to apoptosis, as evidenced by the 

cell morphological changes, chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation, and DNA ladder formation. At the molecular 

level, these compounds induced down-regulation of Bcl-2 and survivin proteins with up-regulation of Bax and 

apoptosisinducing factor proteins, leading to the activation of caspase-9 and -3 and DNA fragmentation. The functional group 

variations did not appear to affect the anticancer activity with regard to the two CCA cell lines; however, at a mechanistic 

level, isomorellinol exhibited the highest potency in increasing the Bax/Bcl-2 protein expression ratio (120 and 41.4 for KKU- 

100 and KKU-M156, respectively) and in decreasing survivin protein expression (0.01 fold as compared to control cells in both 

cell lines). Other activities at the molecular level indicate that functional groups on the prenyl side chain may be important. 

CONCLUSION: Our findings for the first time demonstrate that four caged xanthones induce apoptosis in CCA cells which is 

mediated through a mitochondriadependent signaling pathway. © 2010 Baishideng. 

No.362 

Author (s) : Halstead, S.B., Mahalingam, S., Marovich, M.A., Ubol, S., Mosser, D.M. 

Title : Intrinsic antibody-dependent enhancement of microbial infection in macrophages: Disease regulation by immune complexes 

Source : The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Volume 10, Issue 10, October 2010, Pages 712-722 


Keywords : Fc receptor; antibody dependent enhancement, dengue, Dengue virus, disease severity, human, immune complex 

disease, infection, leishmaniasis, macrophage, nonhuman, pathogenesis, priority journal, review, Ross River alpha virus; 

Animals, Antibody-Dependent Enhancement, Antigen-Antibody Complex, Bacteria, Eukaryota, Humans, Immunoglobulin 

G, Macrophages, Monocytes, Receptors, IgG, Th1 Cells, Th2 Cells, Viruses 

Abstract : A wide range of microorganisms can replicate in macrophages, and cell entry of these pathogens via non-neutralising IgG 

antibody complexes can result in increased intracellular infection through idiosyncratic Fcγ-receptor signalling. The activation 

of Fcγ receptors usually leads to phagocytosis. Paradoxically, the ligation of monocyte or macrophage Fcγ receptors by IgG 

immune complexes, rather than aiding host defences, can suppress innate immunity, increase production of interleukin 10, 

and bias T-helper-1 (Th1) responses to Th2 responses, leading to increased infectious output by infected cells. This intrinsic 

antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection modulates the severity of diseases as disparate as dengue haemorrhagic 

fever and leishmaniasis. Intrinsic ADE is distinct from extrinsic ADE, whereby complexes of infectious agents with nonneutralising 

antibodies lead to an increased number of infected cells. Intrinsic ADE might be involved in many protozoan, 

bacterial, and viral infections. We review insights into intracellular mechanisms and implications of enhanced pathogenesis 

after ligation of macrophage Fcγ receptors by infectious immune complexes. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. 

No.363 

Author (s) : Hamann, C.R., Hamann, D.J., Hamann, Q.J., Hamann, C.P., Boonchai, W., Li, L.-F., Thyssen, J.P. 

Title : Assessment of nickel release from earrings randomly purchased in China and Thailand using the dimethylglyoxime test 

Source : Contact Dermatitis, Volume 62, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 232-240 


Keywords : Dimethylglyoxime test; Earrings; Nickel allergy; Nickel release; Prevalence; Risk exposure; XRF spectrometry 

Abstract : Background: China and Thailand produce large amounts of jewellery that are sold domestically and abroad. Objective: To 

identify nickel release and metal content in earrings purchased in China and Thailand. Methods: A total of 557 earrings were 

randomly purchased from vendors in 11 markets located in Beijing, Chengdu, Bangkok, Patong Beach, and Hat Yai. Earrings 

were subjected to dimethylglyoxime (DMG) tests and 26 of the DMG negative earrings were further evaluated qualitatively for 

major and minor metal content using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Results: A total of 314 Chinese earrings (31.5%) and 

243 Thai earrings (29.2%) were DMG test positive. Three (11.5%) of 29 DMG negative earrings contained nickel as a major 

component; 7 (26.9%) of 29 DMG negative earrings contained nickel as a minor component. Discussion: Excessive nickel 

release was frequent. This may contribute to the high prevalence of nickel allergy in both countries. Increased public 

education together with the adoption of a regulatory intervention in Thailand may be warranted. In China, enforcement of 

the 2002 Chinese National Standard GB 11887 may assist in reducing sensitization. These initiatives may eventually result in 

132


decreased morbidity among the Chinese and Thai citizens, but can potentially benefit recipient countries of these important 

earring producing countries. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. 

No.364 

Author (s) : Hamzah, Z., Petmitr, S., Mungthin, M., Leelayoova, S., Chavalitshewinkoon-Petmitr, P. 

Title : Development of multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba dispar, 

and Entamoeba moshkovskii in clinical specimens 

Source : American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 83, Issue 4, October 2010, Pages 909-913 


Keywords : DNA, protozoal DNA; amebiasis, article, clinical article, controlled study, DNA determination, Entamoeba dispar, Entamoeba 

histolytica, entamoeba moshkovskii, high resolution melting analysis, human, hybridization, microscopy, molecular 

probe, multiplex real time polymerase chain reaction, nonhuman, nucleotide sequence, real time polymerase chain 

reaction, sensitivity analysis, sensitivity and specificity, Thailand, classification, Entamoeba, feces, genetics, isolation and 

purification, methodology, parasitology, polymerase chain reaction, species difference, time; DNA, 

Protozoan, Entamoeba, Entamoebiasis, Feces, Humans, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sensitivity and Specificity, Species 

Specificity, Thailand, Time Factors 

Abstract : Multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed for differential detection of Entamoeba histolytica, 

Entamoeba dispar, and Entamoeba moshkovskii. Specific primers were designed for all three species, and then differentiation 

of E. histolytica and E. dispar was achieved simultaneously using a hybridization probe and melting curve analysis, whereas E. 

moshkovskii was detected with a separate probe under the same condition. This assay detected as little as 0.2 pg of E. 

histolytica DNA and 2 pg each for E. dispar and E. moshkovskii DNA. Thirty-five clinical samples suspected to be E. histolytica 

infection by microscopy were tested. The results showed 32 positive samples; four samples were E. histolytica and 28 

samples were E. dispar. Interestingly, one E. dispar positive sample showed a mixed infection with E. moshkovskii. This is the 

first report of E. moshkovskii infection from Thailand and this assay is currently the most rapid and sensitive method to 

differentiate these human amoebas. Copyright © 2010 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 

No.365 

Author (s) : Hanboon, B.K., Ekataksin, W., Alsfasser, G., Schemmer, P., Urbaschek, B., McCuskey, R.S., Klar, E. 

Title : Microvascular dysfunction in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in pigs 

Source : Microvascular Research, Volume 80, Issue 1, July 2010, Pages 123-132 


Keywords : Hepatic artery dilation; Hepatocyte swelling; Portal edema; Portal vein constriction; Sinusoidal collapse 

Abstract : Although hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury has been investigated for more than two decades, histopathological 

documentation is limited. As a result, three pig livers with I/R injury and three control livers were injected with colored media, 

cut into 14 segments, and examined by light microscopy together with microscopic map making. In livers with I/R injury, 

lobules were identified as being occluded or unoccluded. The proportion of the occluded lobules increased in a 

caudocephalic fashion, while that of the unoccluded lobules decreased (X2 for linear trend, P<0.0001). Especially in the 

occluded lobules, swollen hepatic plates displayed various forms of cellular distortion. Collapsed sinusoids containing 

leukocyte aggregation and shrunken central veins were observed together with reduced caliber of the contiguous sublobular 

veins. Portal vein constriction with loosening of the surrounding stroma suggestive of edema and hepatic artery dilation were 

also seen. Isolated arterioles and transintimal vasal outlets of the hepatic vein's vasa venarum were dilated and frequently 

observed. In conclusion, I/R injury affected the liver parenchyma, the microvasculature, and its surrounding stroma. The 

heterogeneous distribution of occluded and unoccluded lobules is suggested due to the difference of vascular structure in 

various liver segments. The constrictive/obstructive changes in the portosinusoidal-hepatic vascular profile suggest a definite 

increase in resistance at presinusoidal, sinusoidal, and proximal postsinusoidal levels, resulting in an expansion of the arterial 

shunt circulation. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. 

No.366 

Author (s) : Hanson, J., Lee, S.J., Mohanty, S., Faiz, M.A., Anstey, N.M., Charunwatthana, P., Yunus, E.B., Mishra, S.K., Tjitra, E., Price, R.N., 

Rahman, R., Nosten, F., Htut, Y., Hoque, G., Chau, T.T.H., Phu, N.H., Hien, T.T., White, N.J., Day, N.P.J., Dondorp, A.M. 

Title : A simple score to predict the outcome of severe malaria in adults 

Source : Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 50, Issue 5, 1 March 2010, Pages 679-685 

133



Keywords : bicarbonate; acidosis, adult, article, Bangladesh, bicarbonate blood level, brain malaria, coma acidosis malaria score, Glasgow 

coma scale, human, kidney failure, major clinical study, malaria, mortality, outcome assessment, prediction, predictor 

variable, priority journal, scoring system, Southeast Asia, Viet Nam; 

Acidosis, Adult, Bangladesh, Coma, Female, Humans, Malaria, Male, Prognosis, Severity of Illness Index, Vietnam 

Abstract : Background. World Health Organization treatment guidelines recommend that adults with severe malaria be admitted to an 

intensive care unit (ICU). However, ICU facilities are limited in the resource-poor settings where most malaria occurs. 

Identification of patients at greater risk of complications may facilitate their triage and resource allocation. Methods. With use 

of data from a trial conducted in Southeast Asia (n = 868), a logistic regression model was built to identify independent 

predictors of mortality among adults with severe malaria. A scoring system based on this model was tested in the original 

dataset and then validated in 2 series from Bangladesh (n = 188) and Vietnam (n = 292). Results. Acidosis (base deficit) and 

cerebral malaria (measured as Glasgow Coma Score) were the main independent predictors of outcome. The 5-point Coma 

Acidosis Malaria (CAM) score was simply derived from these 2 variables. Mortality increased steadily with increasing score. A 

CAM score


malaria programmes with the general health system, the integration of the Global Fund-portfolios within the national disease 

programmes, and system-wide effects on the health system in Thailand. The study relied on a literature review and 34 

interviews with key stakeholders using the Systemic Rapid Assessment Toolkit and thematic analysis. In Thailand, the HIV, TB 

and malaria programmes' structures and functions are well established in the general health care system, with the 

Department for Disease Control and the Ministry of Public Health's network of health providers at sub-national levels as the 

main responsible organizations for stewardship and governance, service delivery, monitoring and evaluation, planning, and to 

some extent, demand generation. Civil society groups are active in certain areas, particularly in demand generation for 

HIV/AIDS. Overall, the Global Fund-supported programmes were almost fully integrated and coordinated with the general 

health system. The extent of integration varied across disease portfolios because of different number of actors and the nature 

of programme activities. There were also specific requirements by Global Fund that limit integration for some health system 

functions namely financing and monitoring and evaluation. From the view of stakeholders in Thailand, the Global Fund has 

contributed significantly to the three diseases, particularly HIV/AIDS. Financial support from the early Global Fund rounds was 

particularly helpful to the disease programmes during the time of major structural change in the MoPH. It also promoted 

collaborative networks of stakeholders, especially civil societies. However, the impacts on the overall health system, which is 

relatively well developed, are seen as minimal. One major contribution is the establishment of a health service system for 

neglected population groups. No specific negative impacts on the health system were raised. 

No.369 

Author (s) : Harnirattisai, C., Luangaram, C., Kuphasuk, W., Senawongse, P. 

Title : The influence of a local anesthetic containing vasoconstrictor on microtensile bond strengths of two adhesive systems to 

human dentin in situ. 

Source : The journal of adhesive dentistry, Volume 12, Issue 1, February 2010, Pages 11-18 


Keywords : bisphenol A bis(2 hydroxypropyl) ether dimethacrylate, Clearfil SE Bond, dentin bonding agent, Filtek Z250, local anesthetic 

agent, resin, resin cement, single bond, vasoconstrictor agent; analysis of variance, article, chemistry, comparative 

study, dental acid etching, dental bonding, dental care, dentin, human, materials testing, methodology, tensile strength; Acid 

Etching, Dental, Analysis of Variance, Anesthetics, Local, Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate, Composite Resins, Dental 

Bonding, Dental Stress Analysis, Dentin-Bonding Agents, Dentinal Fluid, Humans, Materials Testing, Resin Cements, Tensile 

Strength, Vasoconstrictor Agents 

Abstract : PURPOSE: To evaluate the bond strengths of an etch-and-rinse adhesive and a self-etching adhesive to human dentin in vitro 

and under two in situ conditions: non-anesthetization and anesthetization of the teeth with a local anesthetic containing 

vasoconstrictor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An in situ study was performed on 49 maxillary premolars scheduled for 

extraction due to orthodontic reasons. For the bond strength test, occlusal cavities were prepared either with or without a 

local anesthetic containing vasoconstrictor. The cavities were bonded with Adper Single Bond or Clearfil SE Bond and filled 

with a resin composite, Filtek Z250. The teeth were then extracted, sectioned, trimmed, and tested for microtensile bond 

strength. For the observation of dentin surfaces, 20 premolars were used. The impressions of the cavity floors in the 

anesthetized and non-anesthetized groups were taken before and after acid etching. The replicas were observed under a 

scanning electron microscope. In vitro, the bond strength test and the SEM observation were also carried out on 24 extracted 

premolars with the same procedures used in the in situ study. RESULTS: The bond strengths of the two adhesives bonded to 

dentin in situ were significantly lower than those in vitro. When both adhesives were tested under in situ conditions, there 

were no significant differences between the bond strengths to dentin of anesthetized and non-anesthetized groups (p > 0.05). 

No fluid droplets were found on dentin on the cavity floor prepared in vitro, either before or after acid-etching. For the 

unetched dentin prepared in situ, fluid droplets were found and covered on the smear layer in anesthetized and nonanesthetized 

groups, but the droplets were slightly larger in the non-anesthetized group. In the non-anesthetized, acid-etched 

group, dentin surfaces were covered with coalescent dentinal fluid in most specimens. However, in the anesthetized, acidetched 

group, patent tubules and some dentinal fluid were observed on the surfaces. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that in 

situ, dentinal fluid had a detrimental effect on the dentin bond strengths of an etch-and-rinse adhesive and a self-etching 

adhesive. However, reduction in dentinal fluid due to the effect of a local anesthetic containing vasoconstrictor did not 

improve the bond strengths in either adhesives. 

135


No.370 

Author (s) : Harris, S.R., Feil, E.J., Holden, M.T.G., Quail, M.A., Nickerson, E.K., Chantratita, N., Gardete, S., Tavares, A., Day, N., Lindsay, J.A., 

Edgeworth, J.D., De Lencastre, H., Parkhill, J., Peacock, S.J., Bentley, S.D. 

Title : Evolution of MRSA during hospital transmission and intercontinental spread 

Source : Science, Volume 327, Issue 5964, 22 January 2010, Pages 469-474 


Keywords : bacterial DNA, fusidic acid, genomic DNA, pseudomonic acid, quinoline derived antiinfective agent, rifampicin, trimethoprim; 

epidemiology, genomics, hospital sector, infectious disease, microbial ecology, pathotype; article, bacterial infection, bacterial 

transmission, ecology, evolution, gene mapping, gene sequence, genomics, geography, hospital, methicillin resistant 

Staphylococcus aureus, nonhuman, priority journal, single nucleotide polymorphism, Asia, bacterial genome, bacterium 

identification, classification, cross infection, disease transmission, DNA sequence, Europe, genetics, human, isolation and 

purification, methodology, microbiology, molecular epidemiology, molecular evolution, molecular genetics, phylogeny, South 

America, Staphylococcus infection, statistical model, time, United States; Bacteria (microorganisms), methicillin resistant 

Staphylococcus aureus; Asia, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Cross Infection, Europe, Evolution, Molecular, Genome, 

Bacterial, Genomics, Humans, Likelihood Functions, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Molecular 

Epidemiology, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Sequence Analysis, DNA, South 

America, Staphylococcal Infections, Time Factors, United States 

Abstract : Current methods for differentiating isolates of predominant lineages of pathogenic bacteria often do not provide sufficient 

resolution to define precise relationships. Here, we describe a highthroughput genomics approach that provides a highresolution 

view of the epidemiology and microevolution of a dominant strain of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 

(MRSA). This approach reveals the global geographic structure within the lineage, its intercontinental transmission through four 

decades, and the potential to trace person-to-person transmission within a hospital environment. The ability to interrogate 

and resolve bacterial populations is applicable to a range of infectious diseases, as well as microbial ecology. 

No.371 

Author (s) : Haseen, F., Adhikari, R., Soonthorndhada, K. 

Title : Self-assessed health among Thai elderly 

Source : BMC Geriatrics, Volume 10, 2010, Article number 30 


Keywords : age, aged, article, comparative study, female, health status, health survey, human, male, middle aged, randomization, self 

evaluation, socioeconomics, Thailand; Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Health Status, Health 

Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Random Allocation, Self-Assessment, Socioeconomic Factors, Thailand 

Abstract : Background. The ageing of the population is rapidly progressing in Thailand. Self-assessed health status can provide a holistic 

view of the health of the elderly. This study aims to identify the determinants of self-assessed health among older Thai 

people. Methods. The data for this study were drawn from a national survey of older persons conducted in 2007. Stratified 

two-stage random sampling was used for data collection. The analysis was restricted to the population aged 60 and above. 

The study used univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis procedures to analyze the data. Bivariate analysis was used to 

identify the factors associated with self assessment of health status. After controlling for other variables, the variables were 

further examined using multivariate analysis (binary logistic regression) in order to identify the significant predictors of the 

likelihood of reporting poor health. Results. Overall, 30,427 elderly people were interviewed in this study. More than half of 

the sampled respondents (53%) were aged 60-69 years and about one out of seven (13%) were aged 80 years or above. 

About three in five respondents (56%) reported that their health was either fair or very bad/bad. Logistic regression analysis 

found that age, education, marital status, working status, income, functional status, number of chronic diseases, and number 

of psychosocial symptoms are significant predictors in determining health status. Respondents who faced more difficulty in 

daily life were more likely to rate their health as poor compared to those who faced less such difficulty. For instance, 

respondents who could not perform 3 or more activities of daily living (ADLs) were 3.3 times more likely to assess their health 

as poor compared to those who could perform all the ADLs. Similarly, respondents who had 1, 2, or 3 or more chronic 

diseases were 1.8 times, 2.4 times, and 3.7 times, respectively, more likely to report their health as poor compared to those 

who had no chronic disease at all. Moreover, respondents who had 1-2, 3-4, or 5 or more psychosocial symptoms in the 

previous months were 1.6 times, 2.2 times, and 2.7 times, respectively, more likely to report poor health compared to those 

who did not have any psychosocial symptoms during the same period. Conclusion. Self-assessed poor health is not 

uncommon among older people in Thailand. No single factor accounts for the self-assessed poor health. The study has found 

136


that chronic disease, functional status, and psychosocial symptoms are the strongest determinants of self-assessed poor 

health of elderly people living in Thailand. Therefore, health-related programs should focus on all the factors identified in 

this paper to improve the overall well-being of the ageing population of Thailand. © 2010 Haseen et al; licensee BioMed 

Central Ltd. 

No.372 

Author (s) : Hasthanasombut, S., Ntui, V., Supaibulwatana, K., Mii, M., Nakamura, I. 

Title : Expression of Indica rice OsBADH1 gene under salinity stress in transgenic tobacco 

Source : Plant Biotechnology Reports, Volume 4, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 75-83 


Keywords : Agrobacterium tumefaciens; Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH); Gene transformation; Glycine betaine; Osmotic 

stress; Salinity stress 

Abstract : Glycine betaine has been reported as an osmoprotectant compound conferring tolerance to salinity and osmotic stresses in 

plants. We previously found that the expression of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 gene (OsBADH1), encoding a key 

enzyme for glycine betaine biosynthesis pathway, showed close correlation with salt tolerance of rice. In this study, the 

expression of the OsBADH1 gene in transgenic tobacco was investigated in response to salt stress using a transgenic approach. 

Transgenic tobacco plants expressing the OsBADH1 gene were generated under the control of a promoter from the maize 

ubiquitin gene. Three homozygous lines of T2 progenies with single transgene insert were chosen for gene expression analysis. 

RT-PCR and western blot analysis results indicated that the OsBADH1 gene was effectively expressed in transgenic tobacco 

leading to the accumulation of glycine betaine. Transgenic lines demonstrated normal seed germination and morphology, 

and normal growth rates of seedlings under salt stress conditions. These results suggest that the OsBADH1 gene could be an 

excellent candidate for producing plants with osmotic stress tolerance. © Korean Society for Plant Biotechnology and Springer 

2009. 

No.373 

Author (s) : Hattori, M.K., Richter, K., Greene, J. 

Title : Trust, caution, and condom use with regular partners: An evaluation of the trusted partner campaign targeting youth in four 

countries 

Source : Social Marketing Quarterly, Volume 16, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 18-48 



Abstract : Research suggests that youth do not use condoms because they trust their partner. This article describes the Trusted Partner 

regional behavior change communication campaign and uses data from Lesotho, Mozambique, Uganda, and Zambia to 

evaluate the impact of the campaign. Cross-sectional surveys of youth aged 15 to 24 were conducted in each country before 

and after the campaign. The surveys measured elements related to trust and condom use with a regular partner. Multivariate 

logistic regressions were used to investigate the determinants of condom use and whether exposure to the campaign was 

associated with condom use. The evaluation of the campaign showed mixed results. The percent of youth recalling the 

campaign varied among countries: 32% in urban Lesotho, 54% in urban Mozambique, 16% in Uganda, and 39% in urban 

Zambia. In all 4 countries, sexual caution with a partner had a positive relationship with condom use. However, exposure to 

the campaign was only associated with condom use in Mozambique. These results from Mozambique indicate that more 

intense exposure may be necessary to achieve impact. Regional campaigns appear to be a cost-effective way to reach large 

numbers of youth, but more detailed measures of exposure should be pursued to improve program evaluations. 

No.374 

Author (s) : Helton, J.S., Matan, K., Shores, M.P., Nytko, E.A., Bartlett, B.M., Qiu, Y., Nocera, D.G., Lee, Y.S. 

Title : Dynamic scaling in the susceptibility of the spin-12 kagome lattice antiferromagnet herbertsmithite 

Source : Physical Review Letters, Volume 104, Issue 14, 6 April 2010, Article number 147201 


Keywords : AC susceptibility, Antiferromagnets, Candidate materials, Dynamic scaling, Kagome lattice, Low energies, Magnetic 

response, Quantum critical points, Quantum spin liquid, Scaling relations, Universal functions; Antiferromagnetic 

materials, Dynamic response, Equations of state, Magnetic susceptibility, Quantum theory; Spin dynamics 

137


Abstract : The spin-12 kagome lattice antiferromagnet herbertsmithite, ZnCu3(OH)6Cl2, is a candidate material for a quantum spin liquid 

ground state. We show that the magnetic response of this material displays an unusual scaling relation in both the bulk ac 

susceptibility and the low energy dynamic susceptibility as measured by inelastic neutron scattering. The quantity χTα with 

α0.66 can be expressed as a universal function of H/T or ω/T. This scaling is discussed in relation to similar behavior seen in 

systems influenced by disorder or by the proximity to a quantum critical point. © 2010 The American Physical Society. 

No.375 

Author (s) : Henry, A.; Thongsripong, P.; Fonseca-Gonzalez, I.; Jaramillo-Ocampo, N.; Dujardin, Jean-Pierre 

Title : Wing shape of dengue vectors from around the world 

Source : INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION, Volume: 10, Issue: 2, Pages: 207-214, DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2009.12.001, Published: 



Keywords : Aedes aegypti; Ae. albopictus; Colombia; Thailand; Florida; Hawaii; Morphometrics 

Abstract : Wing shape is increasingly utilized in species identification and characterization. For dengue vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes 

albopictus, it could be used as a complement for ensuring accurate diagnostic of damaged specimens. However, the impact 

of world migration on wing shape is unknown. Has the spread of these invasive species increased shape variation to the 

extent of producing interspecific overlapping? To answer this question, the geometric patterns of wing venation in Ae. aegypti 

and Ae. albopictus were compared between natural populations from the Pacific Islands, North and South America and South 

East Asia. The geometry of 178 female and 174 male wings were described at 13 anatomical landmarks, and processed 

according to Procrustes superposition, partial warps and subsequent multivariate analyzes. The variation of shape did not 

produce significant interspecific overlapping. Regardless of geographic origin, Ae. aegypti was recognized as Ae. aegypti and Ae. 

albopictus as Ae. albopictus. Some significant geographic differentiation was observed in Colombia for Ae. aegypti and in 

Thailand for Ae. albopictus. Globally, the morphology of these mosquitoes, for both size and shape, appeared well 

preserved. Strong canalizing mechanisms could account for the observed patterns of relatively uniform morphology, which 

could also be attributed to sporadic, recurrent mixing of populations, thwarting phenotypic drift. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All 


No.376 

Author (s) : Hietala, S.F., Mårtensson, A., Ngasala, B., Dahlström, S., Lindegårdh, N., Annerberg, A., Premji, Z., Färnert, A., Gil, P., Björkman, 

A., Ashton, M. 

Title : Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of artemether and lumefantrine during combination treatment in 

children with uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Tanzania 

Source : Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Volume 54, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 4780-4788 


Keywords : amoxicillin, artemether plus benflumetol, cloxacillin, dihydroartemisinin, iron; antimicrobial therapy, article, child, clinical 

article, clinical trial, compartment model, controlled study, drug absorption, drug bioavailability, drug clearance, drug 

distribution, drug effect, drug elimination, drug fatality, female, host parasite interaction, human, iron therapy, malaria 

falciparum, male, nonhuman, preschool child, priority journal, pyrexia idiopathica, school child, skin infection, soft tissue 

infection, Tanzania, unspecified side effect; Antimalarials, Artemisinins, Body Temperature, Child, Child, 

Preschool, Ethanolamines, Female, Fluorenes, Humans, Infant, Malaria, Falciparum, Male, Tanzania, Treatment Outcome 

Abstract : The combination of artemether (ARM) and lumefantrine is currently the first-line treatment of uncomplicated falciparum 

malaria in mainland Tanzania. While the exposure to lumefantrine has been associated with the probability of adequate 

clinical and parasitological cure, increasing exposure to artemether and the active metabolite dihydroartemisinin (DHA) has 

been shown to decrease the parasite clearance time. The aim of this analysis was to describe the pharmacokinetics and 

pharmacodynamics of artemether, dihydroartemisinin, and lumefantrine in African children with uncomplicated malaria. In 

addition to drug concentrations and parasitemias from 50 Tanzanian children with falciparum malaria, peripheral parasite 

densities from 11 asymptomatic children were included in the model of the parasite dynamics. The population 

pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of artemether, dihydroartemisinin, and lumefantrine were modeled in NONMEM. 

The distribution of artemether was described by a two-compartment model with a rapid absorption and elimination through 

metabolism to dihydroartemisinin. Dihydroartemisinin concentrations were adequately illustrated by a one-compartment 

model. The pharmacokinetics of artemether was time dependent, with typical oral clearance increasing from 2.6 liters/h/kg 

on day 1 to 10 liters/h/kg on day 3. The pharmacokinetics of lumefantrine was sufficiently described by a one-compartment 

138


model with an absorption lag time. The typical value of oral clearance was estimated to 77 ml/h/kg. The proposed 

semimechanistic model of parasite dynamics, while a rough approximation of the complex interplay between malaria parasite 

and the human host, adequately described the early effect of ARM and DHA concentrations on the parasite density in malaria 

patients. However, the poor precision in some parameters illustrates the need for further data to support and refine this 

model. Copyright © 2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 

No.377 

Author (s) : Hodak, S.K., Supasai, T., Wisitsoraat, A., Hodak, J.H. 

Title : Design of low cost gas sensor based on SrTiO3 and BaTiO 3 films 

Source : Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Volume 10, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 7236-7238 


Keywords : Gas sensor; Sol-gel method; SrTiO3/BaTiO3 

Abstract : We have prepared SrTiO3/BaTiO3 multilayer film on alumina substrates by a sol-gel technique and investigated their response 

for sensing ethanol vapor. The surface morphology of the films were characterized by atomic force microscope (AFM) showing 

that the grain size of the films increase up to 40 nm as the annealing temperature increased to 1000 ̈C. The ethanol sensors 

based on SrTiO3/BaTiO3 thin films were fabricated by applying interdigitated gold electrodes by sputtering technique. The 

ethanol sensing characteristics of SrTiO3/BaTiO3 thin films were quantified by the change in resistance of the sensors when 

they were exposed to ethanol. The optimum operating tempearature of these sensors was found to be 350 °C. In addition, 

the film annealed at 1000 ̈C exhibited p-type gas sensing behavior with the best sensitivity of 30-100 for low ethanol 

concentration in the range of 100-1000 ppm . Copyright © 2010 American Scientific Publishers. 

No.378 

Author (s) : Hollenbach, J.A., Meenagh, A., Sleator, C., Alaez, C., Bengoche, M., Canossi, A., Contreras, G., Creary, L., Evseeva, I., Gorodezky, 

C., Hardie, R.-A., Hemming Karlsen, T., Lie, B., Luo, M., Martinetti, M., Navarette, C., De Oliveira, D.C.M., Ozzella, G., Pasi, A., 

Pavlova, E., Pinto, S., Porto, L.C., Santos, P., Slavcev, A., Srinak, D., Tavoularis, S., Tonks, S., Trachtenberg, E., Vejbaesya, S., 

Middleton, D. 

Title : Report from the killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) anthropology component of the 15th international 

histocompatibility workshop: Worldwide variation in the KIR loci and further evidence for the co-evolution of KIR and HLA 

Source : Tissue Antigens, Volume 76, Issue 1, July 2010, Pages 9-17 


Keywords : 15th International Histocompatibility Workshop; Anthropology; Killer immunoglobulin-like receptor; Ligand 

Abstract : The killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) anthropology component of the 15th International Histocompatibility Workshop 

(IHIWS) sought to explore worldwide population variation in the KIR loci, and to examine the relationship between KIR genes 

and their human leukocyte antigen (HLA) ligands. Fifteen laboratories submitted KIR genotype and HLA ligand data in 27 

populations from six broad ethnic groups. Data were analyzed for correlations between the frequencies of KIR and their 

known HLA ligands. In addition, allelic typing was performed for KIR2DL2 and 3DL1 in a subset of populations. Strong and 

significant correlations were observed between KIR2DL2, 2DL3 genotype frequencies and the frequency of their ligand, HLA- 

C1. In contrast, only weak associations were seen for 3DL1, 3DS1 and the HLA-Bw4 ligand. Although some aspects of the 

correlations observed here differ from those reported in other populations, these data provide additional evidence of linked 

evolutionary histories for some KIR and HLA loci. Investigation of allele-level variation for the B haplotype locus KIR 2DL2 

showed that two alleles, *001 and *003, predominate in all populations in this study. Much more allelic variation was 

observed for the A haplotype locus 3DL1, with several alleles observed at moderate frequencies and extensive variation 

observed between populations. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. 

No.379 

Author (s) : Homhuan, P., Chaiyakun, S., Thonggoom, R., Panich, N., Tungasmita, S. 

Title : Growth and structural characterizations of nanostructured chromium-zirconium-nitride thin films for tribological applications 

Source : Materials Transactions, Volume 51, Issue 9, September 2010, Pages 1651-1655 


Keywords : Hard coating; Magnetron sputtering; Nanostructure; Protective thin films 

Abstract : Nanostructured Cr-Zr-N thin films were grown on Si(100) substrates in a mixture of Ar and N2 plasma. The nitrogen partial 

pressure was varied to produce and control the stoichiometric forms obtained. All the Cr-Zr-N films exhibited a nanostructure 

139


with an average grain size of less than 10 nm, as determined by X-ray diffractogram analysis, and were formed in the solidsolution. 

As the contents of nitrogen in the film increased, it lead to changes in the crystal texture and competitive growth. 

The maximum root mean square roughness was 7.87 nm at a 20% nitrogen partial pressure and the roughness tended to 

decrease as the grain size decreased. The nano-indentation showed that the films grown at a 20% nitrogen partial pressure 

and annealed at 700°C had the highest reduced modulus and hardness at 349.2 and 35.1 GPa, respectively. The mechanical 

properties of films can be improved by a post-annealing heat treatment. With respect to the electrical properties of these 

films, the sheet resistance, which is related to the defect level, tended to increase as the nitrogen partial pressure increased. 

© 2010 The Japan Institute of Metals. 

No.380 

Author (s) : Hongeng, S.; Nuchprayoon, I.; Seksarn, P.; Wiangnon, S.; Veerakul, G.; Krutvechos, T. 

Title : NATIONAL PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMOR REGISTRY IN THAILAND: REPORT FROM THAI PEDIATRIC ONCOLOGY GROUP (2003-2005) 

Source : NEURO-ONCOLOGY, Volume: 12, Issue: 6, Pages: II45-II46, Published: JUN 2010 




No.381 

Author (s) : Hongkacharn, T., Champreda, V., Srikhirin, T., Wangkam, T., Osotchan, T. 

Title : Kinetic study of protein formation and digestion by quartz crystal microbalance 

Source : INEC 2010 - 2010 3rd International Nanoelectronics Conference, Proceedings, 2010, Article number 5424730, Pages 338-339 


Keywords : Bovine serum albumins, Concentration effects, Concentration of, Frequency shift, Function of time, Kinetic study, Layer 

formation, Maleic acids, Protein formation, Quartz crystal microbalance techniques, Resistance shifts; Body 

fluids, Concentration (process), Nanoelectronics, Oxide minerals, Piezoelectric devices, Polystyrenes, Proteins, Quartz, Quartz 

crystal microbalances; pH effects 

Abstract : Quartz crystal microbalance technique was used to study kinetic of formation and digestion of bovine serum albumin (BSA) 

protein on polystyrene-co-maleic acids (PSMA) surface. The kinetic of formation and digestion of BSA was investigated by 

measuring the frequency shift and resistance shift as a function of time. In order to study pH and concentration effect to layer 

formation kinetic, the pH of solution was varied from 2.0 to 7.4 while the concentration of BSA was varied in the range of 

0.001 to 10 mg/ml. The kinetic of formation appears to be sensitive to the pH of solution and concentration. The formation 

layer at about pH 3.0 to 3.5 gives the different characteristic from the others. The layer formation increases as the 

concentration increase then reached the saturate value at the concentration of over 3 mg/ml. The kinetic of digestion was 

evaluate by applying proteinase enzyme on varies densities of BSA layer. It found that the rate of digestion depends on the 

density of the molecular BSA packing, modified by varying pH and concentration of BSA. ©2010 IEEE. 

No.382 

Author (s) : Hongkachern, T., Champreda, V., Srikhirin, T., Wangkam, T., Osotchan, T. 

Title : Effect of pH on the formation of a bovine serum albumin layer on a poly(stryren-co-maleic acid) surface 



Keywords : Bovine serum albumin; Protein layer formation; Quartz crystal microbalance 

Abstract : The layer formation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on a poly(styrene-co- maleic acid) (PSMA) surface was investigated by 

using quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) technique at various pH values. The formation of a BSA surface was examined by 

atomic force microscopy (AFM). To study the effect on the layer formation, the pH of solution was varied from 2 to 7.4 while 

the concentration of BSA was in the range of 0.01 to 5 mg/ml during the layer absorption. It was found that the BSA 

adsorption strongly depends on the pH of solution, and the concentration of BSA. The absorption layer occurred maximum at 

the pH value of 3.5 which resulted from the charge of PSMA and BSA molecules. The layer formation reached the saturate 

value at the concentration higher than 3 mg/ml. The molecular packing of the BSA layer at different pH values was 

determined by AFM and total mass change of QCM. © (2010) Trans Tech Publications. 

140


No.383 

Author (s) : Hongsith, N., Wongrat, E., Kerdcharoen, T., Choopun, S. 

Title : Sensor response formula for sensor based on ZnO nanostructures 

Source : Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical, Volume 144, Issue 1, 29 January 2010, Pages 67-72 


Keywords : Gas sensor; Nanostructure; Sensor response formula; ZnO 

Abstract : In this paper, we propose a new and general formula to describe ethanol adsorption mechanism underlying the response 

enhancement of ZnO nanostructure sensors. The derivation of sensor response formula based on basic chemical reaction at 

the sensor surface is presented. The formula can be used to explain response enhancement due to effect of metal doping, 

surface-to-volume ratio, and surface depletion layer. Thus, it can be regarded as a general formula to describe the sensor 

response characteristics of ZnO sensors. This general formula is a powerful tool for designing ZnO sensor at any desired 

sensor response. Furthermore, it is reasonable to expand this formula to explain other sensing materials and also to explain 

for different active gases. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.384 

Author (s) : Horby, P., Sudoyo, H., Viprakasit, V., Fox, A., Thai, P.Q., Yu, H., Davila, S., Hibberd, M., Dunstan, S.J., Monteerarat, Y., Farrar, J.J., 

Marzuki, S., Hien, N.T. 

Title : What is the evidence of a role for host genetics in susceptibility to influenza A/H5N1? 

Source : Epidemiology and Infection, Volume 138, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 1550-1558 


Keywords : genetic susceptibility; H5N1 subtype; Influenza A virus 

Abstract : The apparent family clustering of avian influenza A/H5N1 has led several groups to postulate the existence of a host genetic 

influence on susceptibility to A/H5N1, yet the role of host factors on the risk of A/H5N1 disease has received remarkably little 

attention compared to the efforts focused on viral factors. We examined the epidemiological patterns of human A/H5N1 

cases, their possible explanations, and the plausibility of a host genetic effect on susceptibility to A/H5N1 infection. The 

preponderance of familial clustering of cases and the relative lack of non-familial clusters, the occurrence of related cases 

separated by time and place, and the paucity of cases in some highly exposed groups such as poultry cullers, are consistent 

with a host genetic effect. Animal models support the biological plausibility of genetic susceptibility to A/H5N1. Although the 

evidence is circumstantial, host genetic factors are a parsimonious explanation for the unusual epidemiology of human 

A/H5N1 cases and warrant further investigation. Copyright © 2010 Cambridge University Press. 

No.385 

Author (s) : Hoshino, J., Limpanart, S., Khunthon, S., Osotchan, T., Traiphol, R., Srikhirin, T. 

Title : Adsorption of single-strand alkylammonium salts on bentonite, surface properties of the modified clay and polymer 

nanocomposites formation by a two-roll mill 

Source : Materials Chemistry and Physics, Volume 123, Issue 2-3, 1 October 2010, Pages 706-713 


Keywords : Bentonite; Montmorillonite; Nanocomposites; Organoclay; Polyethylene 

Abstract : The adsorption of tallow alkylammonium salts onto bentonite from the Lopburi province in Thailand, and the effect of 

surface wettability on the formation of polymer-clay nanocomposites are reported. We looked specifically at 

octadecyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (S18), a popular member of the tallow alkylammonium salt family. The adsorption of 

S18 onto the bentonite interlayer can be divided into three distinct stages depending upon the initial concentration of S18. 

These stages are (a) monolayer formation, (b) intermediate state of double layer formation and (c) double layer formation. A 

decrease in surface energy driven by drops in the values of the polar and dispersive components was observed as the 

amount of surfactant surface coverage increased. Using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), the critical surface energy (CSE) of 

organoclay was found to decrease as the amount of absorbed S18 increased. S18 organoclay with different degrees of surface 

coverage was used in a two-roll mill to prepare high-density polyetheylene (HDPE)-clay nanocomposites. The oxidized 

polyethylene wax (OWax) was used as a dispersing agent to promote the delamination of the organoclay platelets. The 

results from X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) indicated a difference in the dispersing 

capability of the organoclay. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

141


No.386 

Author (s) : Hosono, N., Chantarangsu, S., Kiyotani, K., Takata, S., Tsuchiya, Y., Mahasirimongkol, S., Chantratita, W., Mushiroda, T., 

Nakamura, Y., Kubo, M. 

Title : Development of new HLA-B*3505 genotyping method using invader assay 

Source : Pharmacogenetics and Genomics, Volume 20, Issue 10, October 2010, Pages 630-633 


Keywords : drug hypersensitivity; HIV/AIDS; HLA-B*3505; SSP-PCR; universal Invader assay 

Abstract : Several pharmacogenetic studies have revealed strong associations between specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles 

and the susceptibility to drug hypersensitivity. Recently, we reported HLA-B*3505 as a strong genetic biomarker for the 

nevirapine-induced skin rash in Thai population. Here, we developed a new HLA-B*3505 genotyping method by a combination 

of the Universal Invader assay and sequence-specific primer PCR. From the sequence alignment of 68 HLA-B alleles in the 

Thai population, we selected the two most discriminative SNPs (rs1140412 and rs4997052) as target SNP sites. When we 

carried out the assay using 324 Thai individuals, fluorescence intensities of HLA-B*3505-positive and HLA-B*3505-negative 

samples were apparently discriminated at the endpoint of the reaction. Our results were 100% concordant with those 

obtained by a sequence-based typing method. As our assay is simple and rapid, we believe our method will be a useful tool 

for pharmacogenetic testing of the nevirapine-induced skin rash. © 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 

No.387 

Author (s) : Huabsomboon, P., Novaprateep, B., Kaneko, H. 

Title : On Taylor-series expansion methods for the second kind integral equations 

Source : Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, Volume 234, Issue 5, 1 July 2010, Pages 1466-1472 


Keywords : Fredholm integral equation; System of integral equations; Taylor method 

Abstract : In this paper, we comment on the recent papers by Yuhe Ren et al. (1999) [1] and Maleknejad et al. (2006) [7] concerning the 

use of the Taylor series to approximate a solution of the Fredholm integral equation of the second kind as well as a solution 

of a system of Fredholm equations. The technique presented in Yuhe Ren et al. (1999) [1] takes advantage of a rapidly 

decaying convolution kernel k (| s - t |) as | s - t | increases. However, it does not apply to equations having other types of 

kernels. We present in this paper a more general Taylor expansion method which can be applied to approximate a solution 

of the Fredholm equation having a smooth kernel. Also, it is shown that when the new method is applied to the Fredholm 

equation with a rapidly decaying kernel, it provides more accurate results than the method in Yuhe Ren et al. (1999) [1]. We 

also discuss an application of the new Taylor-series method to a system of Fredholm integral equations of the second kind. 

© 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.388 

Author (s) : Huguenin, M., Bracha, R., Chookajorn, T., Mirelman, D. 

Title : Epigenetic transcriptional gene silencing in Entamoeba histolytica: Insight into histone and chromatin modifications 

Source : Parasitology, Volume 137, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 619-627 


Keywords : Chromatin modifications; Entamoeba histolytica; Epigenetic silencing; Heterochromatin; Histone methylation 

Abstract : We have previously discovered a unique mechanism of epigenetic transcriptional gene silencing in the Entamoeba histolytica 

trophozoites of strain HM-1:IMSS that resulted in the persistent downregulation of the amoebapore A (ap-a) gene, and that 

could be successfully applied to silence other virulence genes (cpA5, lgl1). In order to understand how the silencing is 

maintained throughout generations, we analysed whether modifications occurred at the chromatin level. Chromatin 

immunoprecipitation assays were done with antibodies specific to the methylated lysine 4 of E. histolytica histone H3. When 

the genes were in a transcriptionally silent state, the methylation levels of H3K4 in their coding region were significantly 

reduced. In contrast, the levels of core histone H3 were consistently higher in the silenced genes. Controlled chromatin 

digestion with micrococcal nuclease was used to assess changes in nucleosome compaction. We found a significant resistance 

to digestion in the promoter region of the silenced ap-a and cpA5 genes as compared to the parental strain that expresses 

those genes. Our data lend further support to the idea that histone modifications and heterochromatin formations are at the 

basis of the transcriptional silencing of genes in E. histolytica. © 2009 Cambridge University Press. 

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No.389 

Author (s) : Hunt, B. 

Title : Risk and Crisis Management in the Public Sector 

Source : PUBLIC MANAGEMENT REVIEW, Volume: 12, Issue: 5, Pages: 747-751, Article Number: PII 926994322, Published: 201 

Document Type : Book Review 



No.390 

Author (s) : Huntula, J., Chitaree, R. 

Title : Improve students' awareness of linking the experiment with their real lives 



Keywords : physics laboratory; physics laboratory direction 

Abstract : We surveyed 218 science students' from a Thai University for their views about what should be done to improve the 

introductory physics laboratory course. One of their responses strongly recommended that the real life application contents 

to the experiment should be indicated in the physics laboratory direction. The inclusions should give them a clear reason 

how the thing they learn from the experiment can probably be used in their lives. From our survey, about 83% of students 

agreed that the laboratory instruction should include an example of real life situation. Therefore, our initial goal was to find 

an appropriate way to improve students' awareness of linking what they learn from the experiment with their real life 

experiences. In the first semester of 2008, the first trial of modified physics laboratory direction was carried out with 18 

second year physics students. The additional contents of physics applications were introduced as the prolog of the physics 

laboratory direction. Four out of twelve experiment directions were prepared to include this additional introduction. From our 

interview as a mean to evaluate the proposal, only 11% of students could explain but their answers disagreed with the 

examples of real life situations given within the experiment direction. This result made us realized that this was not only the 

matter of having or not having the application messages but also the matter of putting the massages in the right place. In the 

second semester of 2008, the second trial was carried out. This time, the application contents were blended into the 

theoretical part which was found from our separate survey to be one of the most interesting parts for students. Again, four 

out of twelve experiment directions were prepared in this proposed style. The students' responses showed that about 40% of 

students could clearly describe the application message relevant to experiments given in the direction. © 2010 American 

Institute of Physics. 

No.391 

Author (s) : Hutspardol, S., Chuansamrit, A., Soisamrong, A. 

Title : Spontaneous subgaleal hemorrhage in a girl with impaired adrenaline-induced platelet aggregation 



Keywords : Impaired adrenaline-induced platelet aggregation; Spontaneous subgaleal hematoma 

Abstract : Introduction: Subgaleal hematomas usually develop followed a birth trauma in neonates. This entity is extremely rare in 

older children and may be associated with coagulation disorders or subaponeurotic vascular malformations. Case Report: The 

authors report a spontaneous subgaleal hematoma in a 9-year-old girl without scalp injury. Only platelet aggregation test was 

identified as an impaired responsiveness of platelets to adrenaline with normal coagulogram. This patient underwent both 

computerized tomography and complete magnetic resonance imaging including angiography and venography of the head. Of 

these, extensive bilateral frontotemperoparietal subgaleal hematoma was observed without vascular malformation. 

Conclusion: Spontaneous subgaleal hematoma can be associated with platelet function defect. 

No.392 

Author (s) : Hutspardol, S., Sirachainan, N., Soisamrong, A., Atchararit, N., O-Prasertsawat, P., Chuansumrit, A. 

Title : Hemostatic defects in thai adolescents with menorrhagia 



143


Keywords : Adrenaline receptor defect; Hemostatic disorders; Menorrhagia; Pictorial blood loss assessment chart (PBAC); Thai 

adolescents 

Abstract : Twenty-eight adolescents with menorrhagia by pictorial blood loss assessment chart (PBAC) criteria were investigated for 

underlying hemostatic defect. CBC, ABO blood group, bleeding time, APTT, PT, TT, FVIII:C, VWF:Ag, RiCoF and platelet 

aggregation study were evaluated. Six patients (21.4%) were addressed with underlying hemostatic defect. Of these, severe 

aplastic anemia (n = 1) and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (n = 1) were identified in 2 patients with low platelets 

after an initial CBC. Four patients with prolonged bleeding time demonstrated inherited hemostatic defect: von Willebrand 

disease (VWD) type 3 (n = 1), Glanzmann thrombasthenia (n = 1) and Bernard-Soulier syndrome (n = 2). Median PBAC score of 

patients with hemostatic defect was significantly higher than that of patients with unknown cause of menorrhagia (436.5 vs. 

251.3, p = 0.01). After the exclusion of six patients with well-identified bleeding risks, isolated abnormal platelet aggregation 

response to adrenaline was detected in 11 (50%) adolescents using platelet aggregation study. No significant difference of 

median PBAC score was noted among patients with and without evidence of this impaired responsiveness to adrenaline. In 

addition, the authors also found an abnormal platelet aggregation with adrenaline stimulant in 15 (75%) among 20 healthy 

female controls who had no history of bleeding diathesis. No significant difference in frequency of abnormal platelet 

aggregation to adrenaline was observed between affected cases and controls. In summary, an impaired responsiveness of 

platelets to adrenaline in the present study is insufficient to support its risk of bleeding. On the contrary, the simple test such 

as CBC and bleeding time revealed a worthy contribution to investigate coexisting coagulopathy in adolescents with 

menorrhagia. 

No.393 

Author (s) : Hutspardol, S., Pakakasama, S., Hongeng, S., Subhadrabandhu, T., Samankatiwat, P. 

Title : INITIAL BILATERAL LUNG METASTASES INFLUENCED LOCAL RECURRENCE, PROGRESSION FREE SURVIVAL AND OVERALL 

SURVIVAL IN PATIENTS WITH OSTEOSARCOMA 

Source : PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER, Volume: 55, Issue: 5, Pages: 876-876, Published: NOV 2010 




No.394 

Author (s) : Hüttinger, F., Satimai, W., Wernsdorfer, G., Wiedermann, U., Congpuong, K., Wernsdorfer, W.H. 

Title : Sensitivity to artemisinin, mefloquine and quinine of Plasmodium falciparum in northwestern Thailand 

Source : Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift, Volume 122, Issue SUPPL. 3, October 2010, Pages 52-56 


Keywords : Artemisinin; Drug sensitivity; Mefloquine; Plasmodium falciparum; Quinine; Thailand 

Abstract : The increasing drug resistance of Plasmodium falciparum is a worldwide problem. The objective of the study was the 

assessment of the in vitro activity of artemisinin, mefloquine and quinine, in an area where P. falciparum is multi-drug 

resistant. The sensitivity tests were based on measuring the drug-dependent inhibition of schizont maturation. For the 43 

successfully tested isolates the mean effective concentrations (IC50 and IC 90) for artemisinin were 0.0081 and 0.1372 μM, 

respectively. For mefloquine the IC50 was 0.1260 μM and the IC90 was 3.7345 μM. Quinine showed an IC50 of 0.2155 μM 

and an IC 90 of 2.5040 μM. All tested drugs showed a significant reduction in the effectiveness, compared with the results of 

former years. This suggests a further rise of resistance of local P. falciparum, which is alarming especially for artemisinin and 

quinine. © 2010 Springer-Verlag. 

No.395 

Author (s) : Iamaroon, A., Raksakietisak, M., Halilamien, P., Hongsawad, J., Kwankamol, Boonsararuxsapong 

Title : Femoral nerve block versus fentanyl: Analgesia for positioning patients with fractured femur 

Source : Local and Regional Anesthesia, Volume 3, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 21-26 


Keywords : Bupivacaine; Femoral nerve block; Fentanyl; Pain on positioning 

Abstract : Purpose: Fracture of femur is a painful bone injury, worsened by any movement. This prospective study was performed to 

compare the analgesic effects of femoral nerve block (FNB) with intravenous (IV) fentanyl prior to positioning patients with 

fractured femur for spinal block. Patients and methods: Sixty-four ASA I-III patients aged 18-80 years undergoing surgery for 

144


femur fracture were randomized into two groups. Fifteen minutes before spinal block, the FNB group received nerve 

stimulator-assisted FNB with a mixture of 20 mL bupivacaine 0.5% and 10 mL normal saline 0.9%, and the fentanyl group 

received two doses of IV fentanyl 0.5 μg/kg with a five-minute interval between doses. Numeric rating pain scores were 

compared. During positioning, fentanyl in 0.5 μg/kg increments was given every five minutes until pain scores were ≤4. 

Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the groups according to pain scores, need for additional 

fentanyl, and satisfaction with positioning before spinal block. Conclusion: We were unable to demonstrate a benefit of FNB 

over IV fentanyl for patient positioning before spinal block. However, FNB can provide postoperative pain relief, whereas side 

effects of fentanyl must be considered, and analgesic dosing should be titrated based on pain scores. A multimodal approach 

(FNB + IV fentanyl) may be a possible option. © 2010 Iamaroon et al, publisher and licensee Dove Medical Press Ltd. 

No.396 

Author (s) : Iamsawat, S., Surawut, S., Prammananan, T., Leelaporn, A., Jearanaisilavong, J. 

Title : Multiplex PCR for detection of clarithromycin resistance and simultaneous species identification of Mycobacterium avium 

complex 



Keywords : Clarithromycin resistance; M. avium complex; Mycobacterium; PCR 

Abstract : Multiplex PCR (mPCR) was established for the simultaneous detection of clarithromycin (CLR) resistance and species 

identification of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). mPCR was tested on 218 MAC clinical isolates. CLR-resistance was 

detected by mPCR in 31 of 35 isolates identified by a microdilution method. Of the remaining 187 susceptible isolates 

identified by mPCR, 183 isolates had MIC ≤8 μg/ml (susceptible), 3 with MIC of 16 (intermediate resistant) and 1 with MIC of ≥ 

32 μg/ml (resistant). Comparing with the PCR-restriction enzyme analysis, mPCR concordantly identified 185 isolates either as 

being M. avium or M. intracellulare, whereas one isolate was misidentified and 32 isolates could not be identified. Comparing 

with reference methods, the mPCR showed the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive value of 89, 

100, 100, and 98% for detection of CLR resistance; 92, 98, 99, and 78% for identification of M. avium; and 57, 100, 100, and 

89% for identification of M. intracellulare, respectively. 

No.397 

Author (s) : Igarashi, Y., Shimasaki, R., Miyanaga, S., Oku, N., Onaka, H., Sakurai, H., Saiki, I., Kitani, S., Nihira, T., Wimonsiravude, W., 

Panbangred, W. 

Title : Rakicidin D, an inhibitor of tumor cell invasion from marine-derived Streptomyces sp. 

Source : Journal of Antibiotics, Volume 63, Issue 9, September 2010, Pages 563-565 


Keywords : invasion inhibitor; rakicidin; Streptomyces 


No.398 

Author (s) : Imwong, M., Dondorp, A.M., Nosten, F., Yi, P., Mungthin, M., Hanchana, S., Das, D., Phyo, A.P., Lwin, K.M., Pukrittayakamee, S., 

Lee, S.J., Saisung, S., Koecharoen, K., Nguon, C., Day, N.P.J., Socheat, D., White, N.J. 

Title : Exploring the contribution of candidate genes to artemisinin resistance in plasmodium falciparum 

Source : Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Volume 54, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 2886-2892 


Keywords : adenosine triphosphatase, artemisinin, artesunate plus mefloquine, atpase 6, dihydroartemisinin plus piperaquine, unclassified 

drug; antimalarial drug resistance, article, Cambodia, gene, gene amplification, gene dosage, gene mutation, MDR1 

gene, mitochondrial genome, nonhuman, nucleotide sequence, Plasmodium falciparum, priority journal, Thailand, ubp 1 

gene; Animals, Anti-Infective Agents, Artemisinins, Calcium-Transporting ATPases, Drug Resistance, Models, Biological, Multidrug 

Resistance-Associated Proteins, Plasmodium falciparum, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Protozoan Proteins 

Abstract : The reduced in vivo sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum has recently been confirmed in western Cambodia. Identifying 

molecular markers for artemisinin resistance is essential for monitoring the spread of the resistant phenotype and identifying 

the mechanisms of resistance. Four candidate genes, including the P. falciparum mdr1 (pfmdr1) gene, the P. falciparum 

ATPase6 (pfATPase6) gene, the 6-kb mitochondrial genome, and ubp-1, encoding a deubiquitinating enzyme, of artemisininresistant 

P. falciparum strains from western Cambodia were examined and compared to those of sensitive strains from 

145


northwestern Thailand, where the artemisinins are still very effective. The artemisinin-resistant phenotype did not correlate 

with pfmdr1 amplification or mutations (full-length sequencing), mutations in pfATPase6 (full-length sequencing) or the 6-kb 

mitochondrial genome (full-length sequencing), or ubp-1 mutations at positions 739 and 770. The P. falciparum CRT K76T 

mutation was present in all isolates from both study sites. The pfmdr1 copy numbers in western Cambodia were significantly 

lower in parasite samples obtained in 2007 than in those obtained in 2005, coinciding with a local change in drug policy 

replacing artesunate-mefloquine with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine. Artemisinin resistance in western Cambodia is not 

linked to candidate genes, as was suggested by earlier studies. Copyright © 2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights 

Reserved. 

No.399 

Author (s) : Inderbitzin, P., Asvarak, T., Turgeon, B.G. 

Title : Six new genes required for production of T-toxin, a polyketide determinant of high virulence of Cochliobolus heterostrophus 

to maize 

Source : Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, Volume 23, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 458-472 


Keywords : fungal protein, mycotoxin, Tox1 protein, Cochliobolus heterostrophus; article, Ascomycetes, chromosome, chromosome 

map, gene deletion, gene expression 

regulation, genetics, maize, metabolism, microbiology, pathogenicity, phylogeny, physiology, plant disease, virulence; 

Ascomycota, Chromosome Mapping, Chromosomes, Fungal, Fungal Proteins, Gene Deletion, Gene Expression Regulation, 

Fungal, Mycotoxins, Phylogeny, Plant Diseases, Virulence, Zea mays; Ascomycota, Cochliobolus, Cochliobolus 

heterostrophus, Delitschia, Mycosphaerella zeae-maydis, Zea mays 

Abstract : Southern Corn Leaf Blight, one of the worst plant disease epidemics in modern history, was caused by Cochliobolus 

heterostrophus race T, which produces T-toxin, a determinant of high virulence to maize carrying Texas male sterile 

cytoplasm. The genetics of T-toxin production is complex and the evolutionary origin of associated genes is uncertain. It is 

known that ability to produce T-toxin requires three genes encoded at two unlinked loci, Tox1A and Tox1B, which map to the 

breakpoints of a reciprocal translocation. DNA associated with Tox1A and Tox1B sums to about 1.2 Mb of A+T rich, repeated 

DNA that is not found in less virulent race O or other Cochliobolus species. Here, we describe identification and targeted 

deletion of six additional genes, three mapping to Tox1A and three to Tox1B. Mutant screens indicate that all six genes are 

involved in Ttoxin production and high virulence to maize. The nine known Toxi genes encode two polyketide synthases 

(PKS), one decarboxylase, five dehydrogenases, and one unknown protein. Only two have a similar phylogenetic profile. To 

trace evolutionary history of one of the core PKS, DNA from more than 100 Dothideomycete species were screened for 

homologs. An ortholog (60% identity) was confirmed in Didymella zeae-maydis, which produces PM-toxin, a polyketide of 

similar structure and biological specificity as Ttoxin. Only one additional Dothideomycete species, the dung ascomycete 

Delitschia wintert harbored a paralog. The unresolved evolutionary history and distinctive gene signature of the PKS (fastevolving, 

discontinuous taxonomic distribution) leaves open the question of lateral or vertical transmission. © 2010 The 

American Phytopathological Society. 

No.400 

Author (s) : Indhavivadhana, S., Leerasiri, P., Rattanachaiyanont, M., Laiwejpithaya, S., Tanmahasamut, P., Techatraisak, K., Angsuwathana, 

S. 

Title : Vaginal atrophy and sexual dysfunction in current users of systemic postmenopausal hormone therapy 



Keywords : Current users; Postmenopausal hormone therapy; Sexual dysfunction; Vaginal atrophy 

Abstract : Objective: To determine the prevalence of vaginal atrophy and sexual dysfunction in current users of systemic 

postmenopausal hormone therapy (pHT). Material and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 97 current users of 

pHT at Siriraj Menopause Clinic from 2005 to 2007. Subjective symptoms of vaginal atrophy and sexual dysfunction were 

assessed by interviewing. Objective signs of vaginal atrophy were assessed using pelvic examination, vaginal pH, and 

maturation value (MV). Results: The prevalence of vaginal atrophy in current users of systemic pHT determining from patient's 

symptoms, pelvic examination, vaginal pH, and MV were 44.3%, 15.5%, 21.6% and 8.8%, respectively. The prevalence of 

sexual dysfunction varied from 48.7% to 71.6% depending on types of dysfunction. There was poor association between the 

subjective symptoms and signs, and the objective indicators of vaginal atrophy. Among various regimens of pHT, tibolone had 

146


the lowest prevalence of subjective atrophic symptoms; estrogen-only pHT had the lowest prevalence of objective atrophic 

signs; and raloxifene had the highest prevalence of atrophic symptoms and signs, and sexual dysfunction. There was 

statistically significant association between regimens of pHT and objective indicators for vaginal atrophy (p = 0.004 for pH, and 

0.000 for MV). Conclusion: Current users of systemic pHT still have vaginal atrophy and sexual dysfunction which relates to 

regimens of pHT. The prevalence of vaginal atrophy varies depending on the assessment methods. The subjective method 

gives higher prevalence than the objective one does. Since the subjective symptoms of vaginal atrophy would have more 

adverse effect on quality of life than the objective signs do, the authors suggest that patients' complaints be used to assess 

factors affecting vaginal atrophy in further research. 

No.401 

Author (s) : Indhavivadhana, S., Wongwananuruk, T., Rattanachaiyanont, M., Techatraisak, K., Leerasiri, P., Tanmahasamut, P., Popijan BNS, 

M. 

Title : Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in reproductive-aged polycystic ovary syndrome thai women 



Keywords : Metabolic syndrome; Pcos; Polycystic ovary syndrome; Thai 

Abstract : Objective: To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in reproductive-aged polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) 

Thai women. Material and Method: A Cross sectional study was done at the Gynecologic Endocrinology Unit, Department of 

Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital of 250 PCOS Thai women who were diagnosed using Revised 

Rotterdam 2003 criteria, and who did not take medications affecting sex hormones or lipid metabolism, and attended the 

Gynecologic Endocrinology Unit between May 2007 and January 2009. Patents were interviewed and examined for weight, 

height, waist circumference, and blood pressure. Venous blood sample of each patient was drawn after 12-hour fasting. 

Prevalence of MS determined using the definitions of National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP 

ATP III), International Diabetes Federation (IDF), and National Heart Lung and Blood Institutes/American Heart Association 

(NHLBI/ AHA). Results: Mean ± SD of age, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC) were 25.4 ± 5.8 years, 26.2 ± 

7.6 kg/M2, and 82.3 ± 16.3 cm, respectively. Prevalence of MS by the definitions of NCEP ATP III, IDF, and NHLBI/AHA was 

18.0%, 21.2%, and 21.2%, respectively. Of non-MS women, > 40% already had one to two criteria of IDF definition. Among 

MS women, 100% had central obesity, 50.9% had high blood pressure, 28.3% had impaired fasting blood glucose, 62.3% had 

hypertriglyceridemia, and 92.5% had high-density lipoprotein cholesterol < 50 mg/dL. The prevalence of MS increased from 

10.3% in women aged < 20 years to 50.0% in those aged ≥ 40 years (p of trend = 0.003), and from 0.0% in women with BMI 

< 23 kg/M2 to 54.5% in those with BMI ≥ 30 kg/M2 (p of trend < 0.001). Conclusion: The prevalence of MS in 

reproductive-aged PCOS Thai women was 18.0% by NCEP ATP III and 21.2% by IDF and NHLBI/AHA. The prevalence varies 

only little with definitions of diagnostic criteria. The prevalence increases with age and body mass index. Slightly more than 

40% of the non-MS PCOS Thai women already had one to two criteria of MS. 

No.402 

Author (s) : Indrawattana, N., Sookrung, N., Kulkeaw, K., Seesuay, W., Kongngoen, T., Chongsa-nguan, M., Tungtrongchitr, A., Chaicumpa, W. 

Title : Human monoclonal ScFv that inhibits cellular entry and metalloprotease activity of tetanus neurotoxin 



Keywords : epitope, metalloproteinase, neurotoxin, recombinant protein, retinoic acid, single chain fragment variable 

antibody, synaptobrevin, tetanus toxin, tetanus toxoid, unclassified drug, zinc metalloproteinase; antibody production, antigen 

binding, article, biopanning, cell permeabilization, controlled study, enzyme activity, enzyme inhibition, Escherichia 

coli, human, human cell, molecular cloning, neuroblastoma cell, nonhuman, phage display, phagemid, protein cleavage; 

Antibodies, Monoclonal, Cell Line, Tumor, Clostridium tetani, Humans, Immunization, 

Passive, Metalloendopeptidases, Metalloproteases, Neurons, Peptide Library, Protein Binding, Protein Engineering, R-SNARE 

Proteins, Receptors, Cell Surface, Single-Chain Antibodies, Tetanus, Tetanus Toxin 

Abstract : Tetanus is a deadly disease of warm blooded animals and humans caused by an exotoxin called tetanospasmin or tetanus 

neurotoxin (TeNT) produced by anaerobic bacterium named Clostridium tetani. TeNT is an A-B toxin; each molecule consists 

of a heavy chain (HC) containing cellular receptor binding domain and a light chain (LC) with zinc metalloprotease activity. 

TeNT produced in the infected tissue by the bacteria grown under anaerobic condition binds to ganglioside receptors of 

peripheral nerve, and endocytosed. The A subunit exits from the endosome and undergoes a retrograde transport via the 

147


nerve axon to the spinal cord. This highly toxic enzyme specifically cleaves one of the nerve cell SNARE proteins, i.e., 

synaptobrevin, resulting in inhibition of the release of neurotransmitters (glycine and GABA) from inhibitory interneuron 

causing spastic paralysis, the characteristic of tetanus. Current treatment mainstay of human tetanus is by passively 

administering anti-tetanus toxin produced from animals immunized with adjuvanted tetanus toxoid (TT). There are several 

obstacles in production and use of the animal derived therapeutic antibody especially the allergic reaction and serum 

sickness induced by the host immune response to the foreign protein. The animal antibody, mainly IgG, blocks nerve cell 

entry of the TeNT but does not neutralize the TeNT protease activity per se and cannot reverse the tetanus symptoms. In 

this study, fully human single chain antibody fragments (HuScFv) were produced from a human antibody phage display 

library. TT was used as antigen in a single round phage bio-panning to select phage clones that display TT bound-HuScFv 

from the library. HuScFv from 4 selected huscfv-phagemid transformed E. coli clones inhibited binding of the native TeNT to 

retinoic acid pulsed human neuroblastoma cells when used at the molecular TeNT:HuScFv ratio of 1:100. HuScFv from one 

of the 4 clones also inhibited the TeNT mediated cleavage of recombinant synaptobrevin. Further investigation is needed for 

identification of epitope specificity of these HuScFv and HuScFv effector mechanisms towards the TeNT. Cell penetrating 

version of the HuScFv that inhibited the TeNT zinc metalloprotease activity should be made. The HuScFv produced in this 

study either singly or in their suitable combination warrant developing further to a real use in humans as a surrogate of the 

animal antibody for treatment of tetanus. 

No.403 

Author (s) : Ingsathit, A., Avihingsanon, Y., Rattanasiri, S., Premasathian, N., Pongskul, C., Jittikanont, S., Sumethkul, V. 

Title : Different etiologies of graft loss and death in Asian kidney transplant recipients: A report from Thai transplant registry 

Source : Transplantation Proceedings, Volume 42, Issue 10, December 2010, Pages 4014-4016 


Keywords : alemtuzumab, cyclosporin, interleukin 2 receptor antibody, mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor, OKT 

3, tacrolimus, thymocyte antibody; adult, Asian, cause of death, chronic allograft nephropathy, chronic 

glomerulonephritis, clinical evaluation, conference paper, data base, death, evaluation and follow up, female, graft 

failure, graft recipient, graft rejection, graft survival, heart death, human, hypertensive nephropathy, immunosuppressive 

treatment, kidney disease, kidney failure, kidney graft, kidney graft rejection, liver disease, lung infection, major clinical 

study, male, priority journal, renal replacement therapy, retransplantation, septicemia, survival 

Abstract : Background Kidney transplantation is the most performed solid organ transplantation in Thailand. Over 4000 patients have 

received kidney transplantation from 23 centers within the kingdom. This study sought to demonstrate the causes of graft 

loss and death in Thai patients receiving kidney transplant during the past decade. Patients and Methods The Thai Transplant 

Registry database was used to evaluate the causes of graft loss and death. This database was established since 1997, a total 

of 2298 kidney transplants were available for analysis. Graft loss was defined as return to dialysis, graft removal, 

retransplantation, or death of the recipients. Patient survival was analyzed by all deaths. Results Among 2298 recipients, 59% 

received organs from deceased donors. The mean age at transplantation was 42 years (SD 12) and 61% were male. The most 

common identified causes of the end-stage renal disease were chronic glomerulonephritis (25.3%) and hypertensive 

nephropathy (11.3%); half of those were unknown. Actuarial graft survival rates at 1 and 5 years were 89% and 73%, 

respectively. The common causes of graft loss were chronic allograft nephropathy (53%), acute rejection (15%), death with a 

functioning graft (15%), and transplant renal artery diseases (7%). The greatest proportion (64%) of deaths was infection owing 

to septicemia and/or pulmonary infection. The others were from cardiovascular deaths (12%), liver disease (6%), and 

malignancy (4%). Conclusion Graft survival rates were comparable with previous reports. However, the proportion of death 

with functioning graft and cardiovascular death as a cause of graft and patient loss is lower than that of Caucasian 

populations. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 

No.404 

Author (s) : Ingsathit, A., Thakkinstian, A., Chaiprasert, A., Sangthawan, P., Gojaseni, P., Kiattisunthorn, K., Ongaiyooth, L., Vanavanan, S., 

Sirivongs, D., Thirakhupt, P., Mittal, B., Singh, A.K. 

Title : Prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease in the Thai adult population: Thai SEEK study 

Source : Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, Volume 25, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages 1567-1575 


Keywords : Chronic kidney disease; Population-based; Prevalence; Risk factor; Stratified-cluster sampling 

148


Abstract : Background. Previous reports of chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence in Thailand varied from 4.3% to 13.8%. However, 

there were methodological concerns with these reports in terms of generalization and the accuracy of estimation. This study 

was, therefore, conducted to determine CKD prevalence and its risk factors in Thai adult populations.Methods. The 

population-based Thai Screening and Early Evaluation of Kidney Disease (SEEK) study was conducted with cross-sectional 

stratified-cluster sampling. Serum creatinine was analysed using the modified Jaffe method and then standardized with 

isotope dilution mass spectrometry.Results. The study included 3,459 subjects were included in the study. The mean age was 

45.2 years (SE = 0.8), and 54.5% were female. Six hundred and twenty-six subjects were identified as having CKD, which 

evidenced an overall CKD prevalence of 17.5% [95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 14.6-20.4%]. The CKD prevalence of 

Stages I, II, III and IV were 3.3% (95% CI = 2.5%, 4.1%), 5.6% (95% CI = 4.2%, 7.0%), 7.5% (95% CI = 6.2%, 8.8%) and 1.1% (95% 

CI = 0.7%, 1.5%), respectively. The prevalence of CKD was higher in Bangkok, the Northern and Northeastern regions than in 

the Central and Southern regions. Seven factors (i.e. age, gender, diabetes, hypertension, hyperuricaemia, history of kidney 

stones and the use of traditional medicines) were associated with CKD. Only 1.9% of the subjects were aware that they had 

CKD.Conclusions. CKD prevalence in the Thai population is much higher than previously known and published. Early stages of 

CKD seem to be as common as later stages. However, albuminuria measurement was not confirmed and adjusting for 

persistent positive rates resulted in the prevalence of 14.4%. Furthermore, the awareness of CKD was quite low in the Thai 

population. © The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of ERA-EDTA. All rights reserved. 

No.405 

Author (s) : In-Iw, S., Manaboriboon, B., Chomchai, C. 

Title : A comparison of body-image perception, health outlook and eating behavior in mildly obese versus moderately-to-severely 

obese adolescents 



Keywords : Adolescent obesity; Body-image; Eating behavior; Health outlook; Social attitude 

Abstract : Background: Adolescent obesity is rapidly becoming a major pubic health concern in Thailand. Factors that contribute to 

adolescent obesity are increasingly sedentary behaviors, changes in eating habits and physical activity. Body-image perception 

and peer influence are substantial for adolescents. As a result, knowing the obesity-related psychological impacts in 

adolescent will be the great benefit for health care providers in taking care of obese adolescents Objective: The purpose of 

this study was to investigate the impact of obesity has on the behaviors and attitudes regarding self- perception, health 

outlook, and eating behavior in the mildly obese and the moderately-to-severely obese Thai adolescents. Material and 

Method: Participants were obese students who were being followed at the school-based Teen Health Clinic on a regular 

basis. All participants were followed regularly at their respective school-based Teen Health Clinics. Each participant's percent 

weight for height was calculated by using Thai National Growth charts. Participants were categorized into 2 groups according 

to the percent weight for height (% WFH). Those with% WFH below 120% was considered not obese and excluded from the 

study. The two participating groups were% WFH of 120-140% who are mildly obese (M-O group) and% WFH of greater than 

140% who are moderately-severely obese (M-S-O group). A 3-part questionnaire was used to assess the impact of obesity on 

emotional and psychosocial aspects of each participant, their eating and nutritional attitude and their level of physical 

activity. Results: Of the 5,366 students, grade 7-12 who attended 2 metropolitan Bangkok schools, 678 were diagnosed as 

overweight or obese. There were 175 obese students who attended the clinic regularly were asked to participate in this study 

and there were 167 adolescents who completed the questionnaires recruited for this study. Both the M-O and M-S-O groups 

reported dissatisfaction with their body weight (85.9% and 91.7% respectively) and perceived their need for weight reduction. 

The M-S-O groups expressed more concerns to lose their weight for medical reasons than the M-O group (52.1% vs. 35.2%, pvalue 

< 0.03). Being obese was shown to have more significant impact to their confidence in M-S-O group than the M-O group 

(71.9% vs. 50.7%, p < 0.005). The students in M-O group eat lunch regularly otherwise M-S-O group, few of them, skips lunch 

meal (100% vs. 93.8%, p < 0.032). Conclusion: From our study, significant obese adolescents were shown to have poorer selfimage 

with greater prevalence being shown in the significantly obese group. 

No.406 

Author (s) : Inphonlek, S., Pimpha, N., Sunintaboon, P. 

Title : Synthesis of poly(methyl methacrylate) core/chitosan-mixed-polyethyleneimine shell nanoparticles and their antibacterial 

property 


149


Source : Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, Volume 77, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 219-226 

Keywords : Antibacterial property; Chitosan; Core-shell nanoparticles; Poly(methyl methacrylate); Polyethyleneimine 

Abstract : The core-shell nanoparticles possessing poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) core coated with chitosan (CS), polyethyleneimine 

(PEI), and chitosan-mixed-polyethyleneimine (CS/PEI) shells were synthesized in this work. The emulsifier-free emulsion 

polymerization triggered by a redox initiating system from t-butylhydroperoxide (TBHP) and amine groups on CS and/or PEI 

was used as a synthetic method. In the CS/PEI systems, the amount of CS was kept constant (0.5. g), while the amount of PEI 

was varied from 0.1 to 0.5. g. The surface and physico-chemical properties of prepared nanoparticles were then examined. 

FTIR spectra indicated the presence of grafted PMMA on CS and/or PEI, and the weight fraction of incorporated PEI in the 

CS/PEI nanoparticles. All nanoparticles were spherical in shape with uniform size distribution illustrated by scanning electron 

microscopy (SEM). The introduction of PEI to CS nanoparticles yielded the higher monomer conversion, grafting efficiency, and 

grafting percentage compared with the CS nanoparticles. The size of CS/PEI nanoparticles was smaller than the original CS 

and PEI nanoparticles, and tended to decrease with increasing amount of PEI introduced. The introduction of PEI also brought 

the higher colloidal stability to the nanoparticles as indicated by zeta-potential measurement and isoelectric point analysis. 

The nanoparticles exhibited a promising antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The 

nanoparticle-bacteria interaction was studied via SEM. The results suggested that they would be useful as effective 

antibacterial agents. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

No.407 

Author (s) : Insawang, M., Wongpraparut, C. 

Title : Recalcitrant solar urticaria induced by UVA and visible light: A case report 



Keywords : Recalcitrant; Solar urticaria; Ultraviolet; UVA; Visible light 

Abstract : A 41 year-old man presented with a ten-year history of recurrent erythema and swelling of skin that occurred following sun 

exposure even as little as ten minutes. The lesion affected only on the sun exposed area. A phototesting was carried out and 

revealed that urticaria was induced following ultraviolet A (UVA) and visible light exposure. Solar urticaria (SU) from UVA and 

visible light was diagnosed. Many treatment options including combination of oral antihistamines, psoralen plus UVA (PUVA) 

photochemotherapy, narrowband UVB (NBUVB, 311 nm) phototherapy, and plasmapheresis were tried in the presented 

patient without significant response. Although various treatments are available, managing SU remains a challenging problem in 

many patients. 

No.408 

Author (s) : Intaraprasong, P., Sobhonslidsuk, A., Tongprasert, S. 

Title : Donor outcomes after Living Donor Liver Transplantation (LDLT) 

Source : Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, Volume 93, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 1340-1343 


Keywords : Liver transplantation; Living donor; Outcomes 

Abstract : Liver transplantation is an accepted management for end stage liver disease, early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma, and acute 

liver failure. The number of patients with end stage liver disease is growing rapidly. Living Donor Liver Transplantation (LDLT) 

has become an important alternative to cadaveric organ transplant for patients with end stage liver disease. On average, 

about one in three potential donors eventually donate part of their liver. The overall reported donor mortality was 0.2% and 

median morbidity of 16%. Understanding donor outcomes is important as it enables the transplant team to fully inform the 

potential donor. In addition, this information will help the transplant team improve their post operative management and 

plan for long-term follow-up after liver donation. 

No.409 

Author (s) : Intasean, N. 

Title : MANAGEMENT OF SKIN COMPLICATION AROUND THE STOMA OF OSTOMY PATIENTS 

Source : JOURNAL OF WOUND OSTOMY AND CONTINENCE NURSING, Volume: 37, Issue: 3, Supplement: S, Pages: S56-S57, Published: 

MAY-JUN 2010 



150



No.410 

Author (s) : Inthavilay, S., Franchard, T., Meimei, Y., Ashley, E.A., Barennes, H. 

Title : Knowledge and acceptability of the rectal treatment route in Laos and its application for pre-referral emergency malaria 

treatment 



Keywords : artesunate, antimalarial agent, artemisinin derivative; adult, article, constipation, cross-sectional study, emergency 

care, family, female, health care personnel, household, human, knowledge, Laos, major clinical 

study, malaria, male, nurse, pain, physician, population, rectal drug administration, seizure, urban area, attitude to 

health, emergency health service, health personnel attitude, infant, methodology, patient attitude, preschool child, statistics; 

Administration, Rectal, Adult, Antimalarials, Artemisinins, Attitude of Health Personnel, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional 

Studies, Emergency Medical Services, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, 

Practice, Humans, Infant, Laos, Malaria, Male, Patient Acceptance of Health Care 

Abstract : Background: Rectal artesunate has been shown to reduce death and disability from severe malaria caused by delays in 

reaching facilities capable of providing appropriate treatment. Acceptability of this mode of drug delivery in Laos is not 

known. In 2009 the acceptability of rectal treatments was evaluated among the general Lao population and Lao doctors in a 

national survey. Methods. A cross sectional survey was performed of 985 households selected through a multi-stage random 

sampling process from 85 villages in 12/18 provinces and of 315 health staff randomly selected at each administrative level. 

Results. Out of 985 families, 9% had used the rectal route to treat children (the main indication was seizures or constipation). 

The population considered it less effective than other routes. Other concerns raised included pain (28%), discomfort for 

children (40%) and the possibility of other side effects (20%). Of 300 health staff surveyed (nurses 44%, doctors 66%), only 

51% had already used the rectal route with a suppository, mostly to treat fever (76%). Health staff working in provincial 

hospitals had more experience of using the rectal route than those in urban areas. The majority (92%) were keen to use the 

rectal route to treat malaria although oral and intramuscular routes were preferred and considered to be more efficacious. 

Discussion and conclusion. Use of rectal treatments is uncommon in Laos and generally not considered to be very effective. 

This view is shared by the population and health care workers. More information and training are needed to convince the 

population and health staff of the efficacy and advantages of the rectal route for malaria treatment. © 2010 Inthavilay et al; 


No.411 

Author (s) : Inthira, R., Suparb, AU. 

Title : Health status in older patients with chronic low back pain undergoing spinal surgery 

Source : JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING, Volume: 19, Supplement: 1, Pages: 84-84, Published: OCT 2010 




No.412 

Author (s) : Inthorn, D., Tipprasertsin, K., Thiravetyan, P., Khan, E. 

Title : Color removal from textile wastewater by using treated flute reed in a fixed bed column 

Source : Journal of Environmental Science and Health - Part A Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering, Volume 

45, Issue 5, April 2010, Pages 637-644 


Keywords : Adsorption; Bed depth service time model; Breakthrough curve; Textile wastewater; Treated flute reed 

Abstract : This study investigated the ability of acid treated flute reed to adsorb color (dye) from synthetic reactive dye solutions, and 

actual dyeing and printing textile wastewaters in a laboratory scale fixed bed column. The effects of particle size, initial 

reactive dye concentration, bed depth and flow rate on adsorption performances were examined. The results from 

experiments with synthetic reactive dye solutions showed that the volume treated (until the breakthrough occurred) 

increased with decreasing particle size, influent reactive dye concentration and flow rate, and increasing bed depth. The bed 

depth service time model was suitable for describing the experimental data. The treated flute reed was able to reduce color 

151


efficiently, 99% for dyeing textile wastewater with ten adsorption columns in series and 78% for printing textile wastewater 

with a single adsorption column. The difference in the numbers of columns used for the two types of actual textile 

wastewater led to a substantial discrepancy in suspended solids removal, 99% for dyeing wastewater and 12% for printing 

wastewater. Similar pH and chemical oxygen demand (COD) results were obtained for the two types of textile wastewater. 

The acid pretreatment of flute reed resulted in dramatic decreases in pH after the adsorption and very acidic effluents (pH 3). 

Increases of COD after the adsorption due to organic leaching from the treated flute reed were observed. A different 

pretreatment method to solve these pH and COD problems is needed before flute reed can be used in practice. Copyright 

Copy; Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. 

No.413 

Author (s) : Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya, C., Nantasenamat, C., Dansethakul, P., Saetum, P., Laosrivijit, S., Prachayasittikul, V. 

Title : Solving the barriers to diabetes education through the use of multimedia 

Source : Nursing and Health Sciences, Volume 12, Issue 1, March 2010, Pages 58-66 


Keywords : Action research; Chronic disease; Diabetes mellitus; Health education; Self-awareness; Self-reliance 

Abstract : Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that affects > 180 million people worldwide. It is persistent in Thai communities in spite 

of much effort in prevention and control. This study examined the knowledge capacity of villagers in the Klongmai 

community of Nakhon Pathom, Thailand, regarding diabetes by way of action research. A health status assessment and a 

survey of the community were carried out and used as the basis for designing an educational video on diabetes that is 

accessible regardless of age and educational background. Evaluations of the pre- and poststudy questionnaires were carried 

out using statistical analysis. The results indicated that the devised educational materials were effective in encouraging the 

community's self-awareness and perception of diabetes at the significance level of 0.05. Most importantly, the participants 

demonstrated proficiency in adapting the knowledge gained from the workshop to their own lifestyle. © 2009 Blackwell 

Publishing Asia Pty Ltd. 

No.414 

Author (s) : Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya, C., Tansila, N., Worachartcheewan, A., Bülow, L., Prachayasittikul, V. 

Title : Biochemical and cellular investigation of vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) variants possessing efficient peroxidase activity 

Source : Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Volume 20, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 532-541 


Keywords : Catalytic constant; Enzyme kinetics; Iron superoxide dismutase; Peroxidase-like activity; Proteomic analysis; Vitreoscilla 

hemoglobin 

Abstract : Peroxidase-like activity of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) has been recently disclosed. To maximize such activity, two 

catalytically conserved residues (histidine and arginine) found in the distal pocket of peroxidases have successfully been 

introduced into that of the VHb. A 15-fold increase in catalytic constant (kcat) was obtained in P54R variant, which was 

presumably attributable to the lower rigidity and higher hydrophilicity of the distal cavity arising from substitution of proline 

to arginine. None of the modifications altered the affinity towards either H2O2 or ABTS substrate. Spectroscopic studies 

revealed that VHb variants harboring the T29H mutation apparently demonstrated a spectral shift in both ferric and ferrous 

forms (406-408 to 411 nm, and 432 to 424-425 nm, respectively). All VHb proteins in the ferrous state had a λsoret peak at 

~419 nm following the carbon monoxide (CO) binding. Expression of the P54R mutant mediated the downregulation of iron 

superoxide dismutase (FeSOD) as identified by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and peptide mass fingerprinting 

(PMF). According to the high peroxidase activity of P54R, it could effectively eliminate autoxidation-derived H2O2, which is a 

cause of heme degradation and iron release. This decreased the iron availability and consequently reduced the formation of 

the Fe2+-ferric uptake regulator protein (Fe2+-Fur), an inducer of FeSOD expression. 

No.415 

Author (s) : Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya, C., Tantimongcolwat, T., Galla, H.-J., Prachayasittikul, V. 

Title : Fluorescent protein-based optical biosensor for copper ion quantitation 

Source : Biological Trace Element Research, Volume 134, Issue 3, June 2010, Pages 352-363 


Keywords : Copper ions; Green fluorescent protein; Optical sensor; Sol-gel 

152


Abstract : In the present study, spectroscopic determinations of copper ions using chimeric metal-binding green fluorescent protein 

(His6GFP) as an active indicator have been explored. Supplementation of copper ions to the GFP solution led to a remarkable 

decrease of fluorescent intensity corresponding to metal concentrations. For circumstances, rapid declining of fluorescence 

up to 60% was detected in the presence of 500 μM copper. This is in contrast to those observed in the case of zinc and 

calcium ions, in which approximately 10-20% of fluorescence was affected. Recovery of its original fluorescence up to 80% 

was mediated by the addition of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid. More importantly, in the presence of metal ions, the 

emission wavelength maximum remains unchanged while reduction of the optical density of the absorption spectrum has 

been observed. This indicates that the chromophore's ground state was possibly affected by the static quenching process. 

Results from circular dichroism measurements revealed that the overall patterns of circular dichroism spectra after exposure 

to copper ions were not significantly different from that of the control, where the majority of sharp positive band around 195- 

196 nm in combination with a broad negative deflection around 215-216 nm was obtained. Taken together, it can be 

presumed that copper ions exerted their static quenching on the fluorescence rather than structural or conformational 

alteration. However, notification has to be made that some peptide rearrangements may also occur in the presence of metal 

ions. Further studies were conducted to investigate the feasibility of using the His6GFP as a sensing unit for copper ions. The 

His6GFP was encapsulated in Sol-gel and immobilized onto the optical fiber connected with a fluorescence detecting device. 

The Sol-gel was doped into the metal solution where the quenching of fluorescence could be monitored in real time. The 

sensing unit provided a high sensitivity of detection in the range of 0.5 μM to 50 mM with high selectivity for copper ions. All 

these findings open up a high potential to apply the fluorescent protein-based bioanalytical tool for copper determination in 

the future. © 2009 Humana Press Inc. 

No.416 

Author (s) : Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya, C., Yainoy, S., Tantimongcolwat, T., Bülow, L., Prachayasittikul, V. 

Title : Engineering of a novel chimera of superoxide dismutase and Vitreoscilla Hemoglobin for rapid detoxification of reactive 

oxygen species 

Source : Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Volume 110, Issue 6, December 2010, Pages 633-637 


Keywords : Bifunctional enzyme; Manganese superoxide dismutase; Reactive oxygen species; Sequential catalytic reactions; Vitreoscilla 

hemoglobin 

Abstract : The genes encoding human manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) were fused inframe 

to generate a bifunctional enzyme that possessed MnSOD and peroxidase-like activities. At neutral pH, the coupling of 

the SOD and peroxidase reactions revealed that the bifunctional enzyme exhibited a 2.5 times shorter transient period and a 

1.67 times higher reaction rate at steady-state conditions. Furthermore, the catalytic rate of the bifunctional enzyme was not 

affected as much by the external H2O2 scavenger catalase. This indicates that the bifunctional protein possesses a greater 

antioxidant capability, which is possibly due to the close proximity between the active site of MnSOD and the heme moiety 

of VHb. Our findings not only provide insight into the synergistic functions of SOD and peroxidase but also could potentially 

be used to develop novel therapeutic agents with more efficient O2 carrying capability. © 2010 The Society for 

Biotechnology, Japan. 

No.417 

Author (s) : Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya, P., Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya, C., Yainoy, S., Thippakorn, C., Singhagamol, W., Polprachum, W., Roytrakul, 

S., Prachayasittikul, V. 

Title : Proteomic alterations of Escherichia coli by paraquat 

Source : EXCLI Journal, Volume 9, 2010, Pages 108-118 


Keywords : Escherichia coli; Oxidative stress; Proteomic; Superoxide dismutase; Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis 

Abstract : Paraquat (PQ; a widely used herbicide) exerts its harmful effect to human, mammals and microorganisms upon intracellular 

conversion to superoxide radical. Cellular responses against toxic paraquat remain not fully understood, especially on the 

adaptive metabolic changes as a consequence of oxidative burden. In this study, alterations of metabolic processes of 

Escherichia coli (E. coli) by paraquat were systematically investigated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) in 

conjunction with peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF). In host cells, the first line mechanism was scrutinized by a remarkable 

induction of endogenous superoxide dismutase (E. coli SOD). The second line involved in the metabolic adaptation and 

compensation for energy production by up-or down-regulation of the enzymes implicated in glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid 

153


cycle. Notably, down-regulation of aconitase enzyme and changes of enzyme isoform from the acidic (pI~5.29) to the higher 

basidic form (pI~5.59) were detected. Meanwhile, up-regulation of fumarase approximately 4-5 folds were observed. 

Importantly, overexpression of human manganese superoxide dismutase (human Mn-SOD) in E. coli cells could in turn downregulate 

the expression of fumarase enzyme. This observation was not found when the cells expressing human catalase were 

tested. Other mechanisms such as changes of purine nucleoside phosphorylase and protein transporters (D-ribose-binding 

protein and oligopeptide binding protein) were also accounted. However, among all the differentially expressed proteins, the 

fumarase enzyme is evidenced to be a major target responsible for superoxide-generating paraquat, which may further be 

applied as a potential biomarker for paraquat toxicity in the future. 

No.418 

Author (s) : Itthipanichpong, R., Lupreechaset, A., Chotewuttakorn, S., Akarasereenont, P., Onkoksoong, T., Palo, T., Kongpatanakul, S., 

Chatsiricharoenkul, S., Thitilertdecha, P., Punpeng, P., Laohapand, T. 

Title : Effect of Ayurved Siriraj Herbal recipe Chantaleela on platelet aggregation 



Keywords : ADP; Adrenaline; Platelet aggregation; Siriraj Ayurved recipe 

Abstract : Introduction: Ayurved Siriraj Chantaleela recipe is a traditional Thai remedy consisting of eight medicinal plants, which is 

employed for the treatment of fever. Objective: To investigate the effects of Ayurved Siriraj Herbal recipe Chantaleela on 

platelet aggregation. Study design: Clinical research; ex vivo with before and after study design. Material and Method: Twelve 

healthy male and female volunteers participated in the present study. Platelet aggregation test before Chantaleela ingestion 

was done as a control. After administration of 750 mg Chantaleela (3 x 250 mg tablets) every 8 hours for 3 doses, platelet 

aggregation was measured 8 hours following the first dose using an aggregometer and microplate reader. Adrenaline (Adr) and 

adenosine diphosphate (ADP) were used as platelet stimulants. Platelet aggregation was measured again at 32 hours and 8-10 

days after the first dose. Results: All of the participants completed the present study without any adverse event. Ayurved 

Siriraj Chantaleela did not affect platelet aggregation; neither Adr nor ADP were used as platelet agonists in both 

aggregometer and microplate reader. Subgroup analysis revealed no significant change in platelet aggregation after 

Chantaleela administration according to the control for both male and female groups. The same results were also obtained in 

other subgroup analysis including hyperaggregation group, hypo-normal aggregation group. Conclusion: From the present 

study, normal dose of Chantaleela for alleviation of fever does not have an effect on either platelet aggregation or platelet 

numbers. It may conclude that the present study supports the safety use of Chantaleela for relieving fever, as platelet status 

does not need to be taken into consideration. 

No.419 

Author (s) : Ittichaikulthol, W., Prachanpanich, N., Kositchaiwat, C., Intapan, T. 

Title : The post-operative analgesic efficacy of celecoxib compared with placebo and parecoxib after total hip or knee arthroplasty 



Keywords : Celecoxib; Parecoxib; Postoperative pain 

Abstract : Background: Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in combination with opioids is a model of multimodal analgesia. 

NSAIDs have the oral and parenteral forms. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of celecoxib 

compared with placebo and parecoxib after total hip or knee arthroplasty. Material and Method: A total of 120, ASA 1-2, aged 

18-75 years, patients were randomly assigned to receive one of the three groups: Group I (control) received placebo (n = 40), 

group II received 400 mg celecoxib orally (n = 40) and group III received 40 mg parecoxib intravenously (n = 40). The present 

study medication was administered 1 hour before surgery. All patients had access to patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with 

intravenous morphine. Patients were studied at 0,1,6,12 and 24 hours postoperatively for verbal numerical rating scale (VNRS), 

morphine consumption,satisfaction score and side effects. Results: The intraoperatively fentayl requirement were similar 

among the three groups (p < 0.00). Celecoxib and parecoxib significantly decreased the amount of morphine requirement 

after total hip or knee arthroplasty compared to placebo at 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours (p < 0.00). The celecoxib group required 

more morphine than the parecoxib group at 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours (p < 0.00). The VNRS score in parecoxib group was 

significantly lower than the celecoxib and control groups at 1,6,12 but not at 24 hours. The VNRS score was lower in the 

celecoxib group compared to the control group at 1 and 6 hours postoperatively (p = 0.01, p < 0.01 respectively). The 

placebo group had a higher sedation score (p = 0.008) but not for nausea vomiting (p = 0.36) and pruritus (p = 0.12) 

154


compared to the treatment groups. Conclusion: Within 12 hours after total hip and knee arthroplasty, pre-operative 

administration of parenteral parecoxib 40 mg was more effective than oral celecoxib 400 mg and placebo in terms of 

morphine consumption and VNRS score. 

No.420 

Author (s) : Ittiprasert, W., Miller, A., Myers, J., Nene, V., El-Sayed, N.M., Knight, M. 

Title : Identification of immediate response genes dominantly expressed in juvenile resistant and susceptible Biomphalaria glabrata 

snails upon exposure to Schistosoma mansoni 

Source : Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, Volume 169, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 27-39 


Keywords : Differential gene-regulation; Juvenile Biomphalaria glabrata; Resistant; Schistosoma mansoni; Suppression subtractive 

hybridization (SSH); Susceptible 

Abstract : Resistance or susceptibility of the snail host Biomphalaria glabrata to Schistosoma mansoni is determined by the genetics of 

both the snail and parasite. Although Mendelian genetics governs adult resistance to infection, juvenile resistance and 

susceptibility are complex traits. In this study, suppression subtractive hybridization was used to construct forward and 

reverse cDNA libraries to identify genes involved in the immediate response of juvenile resistant (BS-90), non-susceptible 

(LAC2) snails, and susceptible (NMRI) snails after early exposure to S. mansoni. Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) were 

generated from the repertoire of enriched transcripts. In resistant snails, several ESTs corresponded to transcripts involved in 

immune regulation/defense response. While no defense related transcripts were found among juvenile susceptible snail ESTs, 

we detected transcripts involved in negative regulation of biological process/morphogenesis/proliferation. Differential gene 

expression and temporal regulation of representative transcripts were compared among snails pre- and post-exposure to 

either normal or attenuated miracidia using quantitative real time RT-PCR. Results showed that several transcripts, such as 

fibrinolytic C terminal domain, cytidine deaminase, macrophage expressed gene 1, protein kinase C receptor, anti-microbial 

peptide; theromacin and Fas remained up-regulated regardless of whether or not snails were exposed to normal or 

attenuated miracidia. While ESTs related to C-type lectin and low-density lipoprotein receptor were induced only by 

exposure to normal miracidia. By comparing changes in gene expression between resistant and susceptible juvenile snails 

responding either to normal or attenuated parasites, we can conclude that the transcription of genes associated with the 

intra-dermal penetration process of the snail host by invading miracidia may need to be taken into account when assessing 

differential gene expression between resistant and susceptible strains of B. glabrata in relation to S. mansoni exposure. © 

2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.421 

Author (s) : Iwagami, M., Susomboon, P., Tangpukdee, N., Wilairatana, P., Krudsood, S., Dao, L.D., Nakazawa, S., Sinuon, M., Socheat, D., 

Yasuoka, J., Jimba, M., Kano, S. 

Title : ANALYSES OF PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM CHLOROQUINE RESISTANCE TRANSPORTER GENE (PFCRT) AND MICROSATELLITE DNA 

LOCI FLANKING THE GENE REVEALED GEOGRAPHICALLY DIFFERENT DISSEMINATION OF CHLOROQUINE RESISTANT MALARIA IN 

SOUTHEAST ASIA 






No.422 

Author (s) : Izzard, L., Fuller, A., Blacksell, S.D., Paris, D.H., Richards, A.L., Aukkanit, N., Nguyen, C., Jiang, J., Fenwick, S., Day, N.P.J., Graves, 

S., Stenos, J. 

Title : Isolation of a novel Orientia species (O. chuto sp. nov.) from a patient infected in Dubai 

Source : Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Volume 48, Issue 12, December 2010, Pages 4404-4409 


Keywords : RNA 16S; adult, antibody titer, article, bacterium culture, bacterium isolation, blood culture, case report, controlled 

study, Dubai, female, gene sequence, human, nucleotide sequence, open reading frame, Orientia, Orientia chuto, Orientia 

tsutsugamushi, priority journal, Rickettsiaceae infection, scrub typhus, species comparison, species diversity, strain difference; 

155


Antibodies, Bacterial, Australia, Bacterial Proteins, Blood, Cluster Analysis, DNA, Bacterial, DNA, 

Ribosomal, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Rickettsieae, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Scrub 

Typhus, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Travel, United Arab Emirates; Orientia, Orientia tsutsugamushi 

Abstract : In July 2006, an Australian tourist returning from Dubai, in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), developed acute scrub typhus. Her 

signs and symptoms included fever, myalgia, headache, rash, and eschar. Orientia tsutsugamushi serology demonstrated a 4fold 

rise in antibody titers in paired serum collections (1:512 to 1:8,192), with the sera reacting strongest against the Gilliam 

strain antigen. An Orientia species was isolated by the in vitro culture of the patient's acute blood taken prior to antibiotic 

treatment. The gene sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene (rrs), partial 56-kDa gene, and the full open reading frame 47-kDa gene 

was performed, and comparisons of this new Orientia sp. isolate to previously characterized strains demonstrated significant 

sequence diversity. The closest homology to the rrs sequence of the new Orientia sp. isolate was with three strains of O. 

tsutsugamushi (Ikeda, Kato, and Karp), with a nucleotide sequence similarity of 98.5%. The closest homology to the 47-kDa 

gene sequence was with O. tsutsugamushi strain Gilliam, with a nucleotide similarity of 82.3%, while the closest homology to 

the 56-kDa gene sequence was with O. tsutsugamushi strain TA686, with a nucleotide similarity of 53.1%. The molecular 

divergence and geographically unique origin lead us to believe that this organism should be considered a novel species. 

Therefore, we have proposed the name "Orientia chuto," and the prototype strain of this species is strain Dubai, named after 

the location in which the patient was infected. Copyright © 2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 

No.423 

Author (s) : Jaichumjai, P., Valyasevi, R., Assavanig, A., Kurdi, P. 

Title : Isolation and characterization of acid-sensitive Lactobacillus plantarum with application as starter culture for Nham 

production 

Source : Food Microbiology, Volume 27, Issue 6, September 2010, Pages 741-748 


Keywords : Acid-sensitive; H+-ATPase activity; Internal pH; Lactobacillus plantarum 

Abstract : The aim of this study was to derive new starter culture variants that are unable to grow below pH 4.6, the desirable pH of the 

Thai fermented pork sausage, Nham, specified by Thailand Food Standard, and apply them in Nham fermentation. Several 

acid-sensitive mutants of one of the commercial Nham starter cultures, Lactobacillus plantarum BCC 9546, were isolated as 

spontaneous neomycin-resistant mutants. The growth of three representative mutants was characterized in MRS broth, which 

revealed that their cell numbers and acid production were lower than that of the wild-type. The H+-ATPase activities of the 

three mutants were found significantly lower than that of the wild-type under either neutral or acidic conditions. 

Consequently, internal pH values of the mutants appeared to be lower, especially in acidic environment (pH 5). The most 

acid-sensitive mutant was applied in experimental Nham production and the pH of Nham fermented with the mutant had 

significantly higher pH at the end of fermentation (3 days) and after an additional 4 days of storage at 30°C. These results 

indicate that the use of acid-sensitive L. plantarum as starter culture can reduce the severity of post-acidification and increase 

the shelf life of Nham at ambient temperature. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. 

No.424 

Author (s) : Jaijoy, K., Soonthornchareonnon, N., Lertprasertsuke, N., Panthong, A., Sireeratawong, S. 

Title : Acute and chronic oral toxicity of standardized water extract from the fruit of Phyllanthus emblica Linn 

Source : International Journal of Applied Research in Natural Products, Volume 3, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 48-58 


Keywords : Acute toxicity; Chronic toxicity; Phyllanthus emblica Linn. 

Abstract : Phyllanthus emblica Linn. (Euphorbiaceae) is an herbal plant commonly used in Asian traditional medicine systems for 

treatment of many disorders. In the present study, we investigated for the first time acute and chronic toxicity of the 

standardized water extract of P. emblica fruit. The water extract of P. emblica was prepared according to the Thai Herbal 

Pharmacopoeia and standardized to 20% gallic acid. For studying acute toxicity study, single oral dose of 5000 mg water 

extract /kg body weight was administered to Sprague Dawley rats (five females, five males). The results showed no toxicity in 

terms of general behavior change, mortality, or change in gross appearance of internal organs (LD50 > 5,000 mg/kg). Chronic 

toxicity was studied by daily oral dose (ten females, ten males) of 300, 600 and 1,200 mg/kg for 270 days. The results showed 

slightly significant differences in the body and organ weights between the control and treatment groups. In addition, the rats 

were analyzed for final body and organ weights, necropsy, and hematological, blood chemical and histopathological 

parameters. Hematological analysis and clinical blood chemistry revealed slightly changes, but were within the normal limits. 

156


No gross or histopathology findings were observed in the treatment groups. Altogether, the standardized water extract from 

the fruit of P. emblica did not produce acute and chronic toxicity in its traditional uses. Industrial relevance: Traditional 

medicine is still stronghold of more than 50% of the world population, especially in developing countries. Nowadays, a 

number of medicinal plants (such as Phyllanthus emblica Linn.) are commercially available on local markets as a tonic, food 

and/or dietary supplement product commonly used for clinical management of several conditions. Despite the widespread 

use of this plant, there is still little literature on the scientific evaluation of their toxicity. Results of the current study provide 

pivotal evidences for ascertaining the safety of the stardardized water extract of P. emblica fruit that could be used as food 

supplements, dietary supplements, etc. in folkloric medicine. © 2010 Healthy Synergies Publications. 

No.425 

Author (s) : Jaijoy, K., Soonthornchareonnon, N., Panthong, A., Sireeratawong, S. 

Title : Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the water extract from the fruit of Phyllanthus emblica Linn 



Keywords : Analgesic activity; Anti-inflammatory activity; Phyllanthus emblica Linn. 

Abstract : The fresh or dry fruit of Phyllanthus emblica Linn. is used in traditional medicines for the treatment of diarrhea, jaundice and 

inflammatory disorder. In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the standardized 

water extract from the fruit of Phyllanthus emblica was prepared according to the Thai Herbal Pharmacopoeia (THP). P. 

emblica water extract was evaluated for its antiinflammatory activity in rats using ethyl phenylpropiolate (EPP)-induced and 

arachidonic acid (AA)-induced ear edema, carrageenan-induced paw edema as well as cotton pellet-induced granuloma 

models, and its analgesic activity in mice using formalin test. The extract at 1 mg/ear exhibited anti-inflammatory effect on 

EPP-induced ear edema, but not on AA-induced ear edema. Oral administration of P. emblica at the doses of 150, 300 and 

600 mg/kg caused dose-dependent inhibition of carrageenan-induced rat paw edema. P. emblica at 600 mg/kg did reduce 

neither transudative and proliferative phases nor body weight gain and thymus weight in cotton pelletinduced granuloma 

formation. The extract at the doses of 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg elicited a significant analgesic activity in a dose-dependent 

manner on both the early and late phase of formalin test. The anti-inflammatory and analgesic mechanism of activity of the 

standardized water extract of P. emblica seems to be similar to NSAIDs rather than to steroidal drugs. Inhibitory effect on the 

synthesis and/or release of inflammatory or pain mediators may be the main mechanisms of action of P. emblica water 

extract. Industrial relevance: Medicinal plants have long been recognized as an important source of therapeutically effective 

treatment for inflammatory diseases. Many patients are turning to herbal medicine as their primary, complementary or 

alternative therapies because of the adverse effects of the pharmaceutical drugs. P. emblica fruit has been used in traditional 

management of some painful and inflammatory conditions and this has been supported by the present study. This work will 

be useful to the industry to produce standardized herbal formulation more effective in the treatment of pain and 

inflammation with less toxic and less costly than the current synthetic drugs. © 2010 Healthy Synergies Publications. 

No.426 

Author (s) : Jaijoy, K.; Soonthornchareonnon, N.; Panthong, A.; Sireeratawong, S. 

Title : Anti-inflammatory activity and toxicity of the standardised water extract of Phyllanthus emblica L. 





No.427 

Author (s) : Jaisin, Y.; Thampithak, A.; Suksamrarn, A.; Phumala-Morales, N.; Govitrapong, P.; Sanvarinda, Y. 

Title : PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF CURCUMIN ANALOGUE (COMPOUND 005) AGAINST 6-OHDA INDUCED APOPTOSIS IN SH-SY5Y CELLS 





157


No.428 

Author (s) : Jaisutti, R., Hongkachern, T., Osotchan, T. 

Title : Response differences of binary vapors from mixtures in liquid and gas phases 

Source : Proceedings - 1st International Conference on Sensor Device Technologies and Applications, SENSORDEVICES 2010, 2010, 

Article number 5632178, Pages 249-252 


Keywords : Binary mixture; Gas phase; Liquid phase; Principal component analysis; Wavelet transform 

Abstract : Response differences in binary mixture vapors are investigated by using two systems including the liquid phase and gas phase 

mixing systems. The response signal with various mixing ratios are analyzed for methanol-acetone and ethanol-acetone 

mixtures in both maximum response and decay characteristic during exposed and recovery periods. Both feature 

characteristics can be extracted by discrete wavelet transform. The classification patterns of binary mixing vapors are 

identifying by principal component analysis. The results show that the mixture points at various ratios are clearly separated 

and located far from to the pure acetone vapor point. The relative high vapor pressure of acetone plays significant role on 

separation effect and also on the different response in liquid and gas phase mixing systems. The main feature of these 

response differences in binary vapors from mixtures in liquid and gas phase can be extracted from the decay characteristic of 

these various sensor responses. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.429 

Author (s) : Jaisutti, R., Juagwon, T., Chamlek, O., Osotchan, T. 

Title : Property modification of copper phthalocyanine film by nitrogen dioxide gas 



Keywords : Copper phthalocyanine; Crystalline structure; Nitrogen dioxide; Surface morphology 

Abstract : Copper Phthalocyanine (CuPc) thin films have a potential to use as nitrogen dioxide (NO2) gas sensor therefore the study of 

property modification of CuPc thin film by NO2 gas can lead to a better understanding the sensor operation. CuPc thin films 

were prepared by thermal vacuum deposition on glass substrate and aluminum interdigitated electrodes. The film 

characteristics were investigated with and without NO2 gas. These characteristics indicated that the resistance of CuPc film 

decrease as the NO2 concentration increases. In order to achieve high efficient of sensing properties, the post-deposition film 

was also annealed. The surface modifications were investigated with different exposed time of NO2 gas. Their properties 

modifications before and after annealing were investigated on the film morphology and crystalline structure. The surface 

morphology of the film was examined by atomic force microscopy while the crystalline structure of the film was determined 

by x-ray diffraction. The electrical measurements of CuPc film exposed to NO2 gas were studied in order to investigate 

property modification of the CuPc film. © (2010) Trans Tech Publications. 

No.430 

Author (s) : Jaisutti, R., Yamwong, W., Atthi, N., Pratontep, S., Osotchan, T. 

Title : Organic thickness dependence of organic field-effect transistor devices based on pentacene 



Keywords : 2-D numerical simulation, Active Layer, Bottom gate, Channel length, Conducting channels, Conducting layers, Drain 

electrodes, Electrical characteristic, Electrical property, Gate voltages, Pentacene film, Pentacenes, Saturated 

current, Thickness dependence, Thickness layers, Top contact structures; Computer simulation, Electric properties, Field 

effect transistors, Nanoelectronics, Semiconducting organic compounds; Organic field effect transistors 

Abstract : The electrical properties of OFET devices were studied as a function of the thickness of pentacene active layer. A bottom 

gate, top contact structure was investigated by measuring the electrical characteristics with 100 μm channel length and 

comparing with the results of 2-D numerical simulation at various organic thickness layers. The saturated current at same gate 

voltage was increased when the pentacene film was thicker. From the simulation cross-section results, this is due to the 

carrier has to move from source to drain electrodes through the conducting channel and across the whole thick of active 

layer. However, these increasing currents are not only depending on conducting layer but also strongly depending on the 

increasing of threshold voltage when organic thickness is increased. ©2010 IEEE. 

158


No.431 

Author (s) : Jangiam, W., Loprasert, S., Smith, D.R., Tungpradabkul, S. 

Title : Burkholderia pseudomallei Rpos regulates OxyR and the katG-dpsA operon under conditions of oxidative stress 

Source : Microbiology and Immunology, Volume 54, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 389-397 


Keywords : Burkholderia pseudomallei; Oxidative stress; OxyR; RpoS 

Abstract : Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of the potentially fatal tropical disease melioidosis, is known to be highly 

resistant to oxidative stress although the mechanism of this resistance remains to be fully elucidated. Previous studies have 

shown that an OxyR is involved in the regulation of oxidative stress via the katG and dpsA genes encoding KatG and DpsA and 

that the alternative sigma factor, RpoS, plays a critical role in resistance to oxidative stress by regulating katG and katE genes. 

Here it is shown that RpoS is essential for expression of the oxidative stress regulator OxyR, since a mutant strain lacking RpoS 

failed to induce oxyR expression both during normal growth and under conditions of oxidative stress. It is further 

demonstrated that the RpoS acts as a positive transcriptional regulator of oxyR and dpsA expression, while OxyR acts as a 

negative transcriptional regulator of the katG-dpsA operon via OxyR repressor under normal growth conditions, and as a 

positive transcriptional regulator via OxyR under conditions of oxidative stress. Therefore both RpoS and OxyR are required to 

promote expression of both the katG-dpsA operon and dpsA gene. © 2010 The Societies and Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty 

Ltd. 

No.432 

Author (s) : Jantaratnotai, N.; Schwab, C.; Ryu, J.K.; McGeer, P.L.; McLarnon, J.G. 

Title : Converging Perturbed Microvasculature and Microglial Clusters Characterize Alzheimer Disease Brain 

Source : CURRENT ALZHEIMER RESEARCH, Volume: 7, Issue: 7, Pages: 625-636, DOI: 10.2174/156720510793499039, Published: NOV 2010 


Keywords : Alzheimer disease; microglial clusters; perturbed angiogenesis; extravascular laminin and fibrinogen; TNF-alpha; VEGF; leaky 

blood brain barrier 

Abstract : We have investigated physical properties of microvasculature and vessel association with microglial clusters in cortical tissue 

from Alzheimer disease individuals, classified as severe (ADsev) or mild (ADmild), and nondemented controls (ND). 

Immunostaining with laminin or von Willebrand factor demonstrated numbers of microvessels and microvascular density 

were significantly higher in ADsev cases compared with levels in ADmild or ND cases suggesting proangiogenic activity in ADsev 

brain. Evidence for extravascular laminin immunoreactivity was found in ADsev tissue and was largely absent in ADmild and 

ND cases suggesting vascular remodeling in ADsev brain included abnormalities in blood vessels. Microgliosis was progressively 

increased from ND to ADmild to ADsev with the latter demonstrating areas of clustered microglia (groupings of three or more 

cells) rarely observed in ADmild or ND cases. Microglial clusters in ADsev brain were in close proximity with extravascular 

laminin and also plasma protein, fibrinogen, implicating vascular perturbation as a component of inflammatory reactivity. 

ADsev brain also exhibited elevated levels of the proinflammatory/angiogenic factors tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) 

and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in association, relative to non-association, with microglial clusters. The presence 

of extravascular laminin and fibrinogen and the vascular modifying factors, TNF-alpha and VEGF in localization with clusters of 

activated microglia, is consistent with microglial-induced vascular remodeling in ADsev brain. Microglial-vascular reciprocal 

interactions could serve a critical role in the amplification and perpetuation of inflammatory reactivity in AD brain. 

No.433 

Author (s) : Janvilisri, T., Scaria, J., Chang, Y.-F. 

Title : Transcriptional profiling of Clostridium difficile and Caco-2 cells during infection 

Source : Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 202, Issue 2, 15 July 2010, Pages 282-290 


Keywords : transcriptome; article, cell communication, cell metabolism, cell strain CACO 2, cell transport, cell viability, Clostridium 

difficile, Clostridium difficile infection, controlled study, gene expression, gene expression profiling, gene expression 

regulation, human, human cell, microarray analysis, nonhuman, priority journal, protein protein interaction, reverse 

transcription polymerase chain reaction, RNA isolation, signal transduction, transcription regulation, cell survival, colon 

tumor, DNA microarray, genetic transcription, genetics, in situ 

hybridization, microbiology, pathogenicity, pathology, physiology, pseudomembranous colitis; Caco-2 Cells, Cell 

Survival, Clostridium difficile, Colonic Neoplasms, Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous, Gene Expression Profiling, Gene 

159


Expression Regulation, Bacterial, Humans, In Situ Hybridization, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Reverse Transcriptase 

Polymerase Chain Reaction, Transcription, Genetic 

Abstract : Clostridium difficile is well recognized as the most common infectious cause of nosocomial diarrhea. The incidence and 

severity of C. difficile infection (CDI) is increasing worldwide. Here, we evaluated simultaneously the transcriptional changes in 

the human colorectal epithelial Caco-2 cells and in C. difficile after infection. A total of 271 transcripts in Caco-2 cells and 207 

transcripts in C. difficile were significantly differentially expressed at ≥1 time point during CDI. We used the gene ontology 

annotations and protein-protein network interactions to underline a framework of target molecules that could potentially 

play a key role during CDI. These genes included those associated with cellular metabolism, transcription, transport, cell 

communication, and signal transduction. Our data identified certain key factors that have previously been reported to be 

involved in CDI, as well as novel determinants that may participate in a complex mechanism underlying the host response to 

infection, bacterial adaptation, and pathogenesis. © 2010 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. 

No.434 

Author (s) : Janvilisri, T., Scaria, J., Gleed, R., Fubini, S., Bonkosky, M.M., Gröhn, Y.T., Chang, Y.-F. 

Title : Development of a microarray for identification of pathogenic Clostridium spp. 

Source : Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Volume 66, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 140-147 


Keywords : Clostridium; Diagnosis; Microarray 

Abstract : In recent years, Clostridium spp. have rapidly reemerged as human and animal pathogens. The detection and identification of 

pathogenic Clostridium spp. is therefore critical for clinical diagnosis and antimicrobial therapy. Traditional diagnostic 

techniques for clostridia are laborious, are time consuming, and may adversely affect the therapeutic outcome. In this study, 

we developed an oligonucleotide diagnostic microarray for pathogenic Clostridium spp. The microarray specificity was tested 

against 65 Clostridium isolates. The applicability of this microarray in a clinical setting was assessed with the use of mock 

stool samples. The microarray was successful in discriminating at least 4 species with the limit of detection as low as 104 

CFU/mL. In addition, the pattern of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes of tested strains were determined through the 

microarrays. This approach demonstrates the high-throughput detection and identification of Clostridium spp. and provides 

advantages over traditional methods. Microarray-based techniques are promising applications for clinical diagnosis and 

epidemiologic investigations. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 

No.435 

Author (s) : Jaovisidha, S., Suvikapakornkul, Y., Woratanarat, P., Subhadrabandhu, T., Nartthanarung, A., Siriwongpairat, P. 

Title : MR imaging of fat-containing tumours: The distinction between lipoma and liposarcoma 

Source : Singapore Medical Journal, Volume 51, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages 418-423 


Keywords : Lipoma; Liposarcoma; Magnetic resonance imaging; Soft tissue neoplasm 

Abstract : Introduction: This study aimed to retrospectively review the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features of the lipomatous 

tumour in order to differentiate between lipoma and liposarcoma. Methods: The MR images of 38 patients (24 female and 14 

male with a mean age 48 years) in a consecutive five-year period, who had histologically verified lipoma (n is 29) and 

liposarcoma (n is 9), were retrospectively reviewed. The images were assessed for the number, site, size and margin of the 

lesions, as well as the signal intensity (homogenous, bright signal on T1-weighted [T1W] image, bright signal suppressed on 

T1W with fat-suppression image, bright signal on T2-weighted with fatsuppression image), the internal architecture (thin/thick 

septum, cystic change), the effect on the surrounding tissue (oedema, neurovascular involvement) and the enhancement 

pattern. Results: A partially ill-defined margin, neurovascular involvement, enhancing thick/nodular septum and a partially 

bright signal intensity on T1W images were statistically significant MR imaging features that favoured a diagnosis of liposarcoma 

(p-value is less than 0.0001). Male gender, an internal cystic change and surrounding soft tissue oedema increased the risk of 

liposarcoma approximately 2.8, 3.5 and 3.5 times, respectively, compared with the reference group (lipoma), but this was not 

a statistically significant finding. Thick/nodular septum was signif icantly associated with liposarcoma compared with lipoma 

(odds ratio 69.3, 95 percent confidence interval 5.2-3184.8, p-value is less than 0.0001). Conclusion: Statistically significant MR 

imaging features that favour a diagnosis of liposarcoma included a par tially ill-defined margin, neurovascular involvement, 

enhancing thick/ nodular septum, and a partially bright signal intensity on T1W images. The most statistically significant 

predictor of liposarcoma was thick/ nodular septum. 

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No.436 

Author (s) : Jariyaboon, M., Davenport, A.J., Ambat, R., Connolly, B.J., Williams, S.W., Price, D.A. 

Title : Effect of cryogenic cooling on corrosion of friction stir welded AA7010-T7651 

Source : Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, Volume 57, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 83-89 


Keywords : Alloys; Cooling equipment; Corrosion; Cryogenic equipment; Friction welding; Joining processes 

Abstract : Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to study how cryogenic CO2 cooling during the welding process affects corrosion 

behaviour of friction stir welding (FSW) AA7010-T7651. Design/methodology/approach: Friction stir welded AA7010-T7651 was 

produced with a rotation speed of 288 rpm and a travel speed of 58 mm/min. The liquid CO2 was sprayed onto the weld 

centre line immediately after the toolpiece. The microstructures of welds in different regions were observed using Field 

Emission Gun Scanning Electron Microscope (FEG-SEM). The effect on the corrosion susceptibility was investigated using a gel 

visualisation test and potentiodynamic polarisation measurements using a micro-electrochemical technique. Findings: The 

main corrosion region for both FSWs AA7010-T7651 produced with and without cryogenic CO2 cooling is in the HAZ region, 

which exhibited intergranular attack. Cryogenic cooling does not show any influence on anodic reactivity of the weld region 

(both nugget and HAZ) compared to uncooled weld metal. However, the width of the reactive HAZ is reduced after cooling, 

as compared to the uncooled weld. The cooled welds show higher cathodic reactivity in the nugget region than does the 

nugget region of uncooled welds. Originality/value: There has been no previous work to investigate the effect of cryogenic 

CO2 cooling on the corrosion behaviour of FSW AA7010-T7651. The paper relates the microstructures of both uncooled and 

cooled welds to their anodic and cathodic reactivities using a micro-electrochemical technique. © Emerald Group Publishing 

Limited. 

No.437 

Author (s) : Jariyaboon, M.; Moller, P.; Dunin-Borkowski, R. E.; In, S. -I.; Chorkendorff, I.; Ambat, R. 

Title : The effect of atmospheric corona treatment on AA1050 aluminium 

Source : CORROSION SCIENCE Volume: 52 Issue: 6 Pages: 2155-2163 DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2010.01.035 Published: JUN 2010 


Keywords : Aluminium; Polarization; Oxide coatings 

Abstract : The effect of atmospheric corona discharge on AM 050 aluminium surface was investigated using electrochemical polarization, 

SEM-EDX, FIB-SEM. and XPS. The corona treatment was performed with varying time (1, 5, and 15 min) in atmospheric air. A 

200 nm oxide layer was generated on AA1050 after the 15 min air corona treatment. A significant reduction in anodic and 

cathodic reactivities was observed starting from 1 min exposure, which further decreased with prolonged exposure (15 min) 

and after delayed testing (after 30 days). The reduction in surface reactivity is due to the formation of thicker and denser 

oxide film. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.438 

Author (s) : Jariyapan, N., Baimai, V., Poovorawan, Y., Roytrakul, S., Saeung, A., Thongsahuan, S., Suwannamit, S., Otsuka, Y., Choochote, W. 

Title : Analysis of female salivary gland proteins of the Anopheles barbirostris complex (Diptera: Culicidae) in Thailand 

Source : Parasitology Research, Volume 107, Issue 3, August 2010, Pages 509-516 


Keywords : saliva protein; Anopheles, anopheles barbirostris barbirostris, article, cytogenetics, liquid chromatography, mass 

spectrometry, nonhuman, nucleotide sequence, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, priority journal, protein analysis, protein 

polymorphism, salivary gland, species composition, Thailand; Anopheles barbirostris, Anopheles freeborni, Anopheles 

gambiae, Culicidae, Diptera 

Abstract : Electrophoretic protein profiles of female salivary glands of five sibling species within the Anopheles barbirostris complex, 

namely A. barbirostris species A1 (Forms A, B, and D), A2, A3, and A4 and Anopheles campestris-like (Forms B and E), were 

analyzed. At least eight major and several minor protein bands were detected in the glands of each species, of which each 

morphological region contained different major proteins. The protein profiles distinguished the five sibling species. The 

variability in major proteins among species was observed in the 40-48, 32-37, and 10-18 kDa ranges. No difference in protein 

profiles was found in different cytogenetic forms. Polymorphism of the protein profiles within species was only noted in 

species A4. The lowest major protein (marker) band of each species showed remarkably different relative mobility on SDSpolyacrylamide 

gels. NanoLC-MS analysis revealed that the marker protein of some species matched with a protein involving 

in blood feeding, gSG6, of Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles freeborni. These results might be useful for construction of an 

161


additional tool to distinguish the five sibling species and lead to further study on the evolution of blood feeding and 

pathogen transmission. © 2010 Springer-Verlag. 

No.439 

Author (s) : Jariyasethpong, T., Tribuddharat, C., Dejsirilert, S., Kerdsin, A., Tishyadhigama, P., Rahule, S., Sawanpanyalert, P., Yosapol, P., 

Aswapokee, N. 

Title : MRSA carriage in a tertiary governmental hospital in Thailand: Emphasis on prevalence and molecular epidemiology 

Source : European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Volume 29, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 977-985 


Keywords : aminoglycoside antibiotic agent, carbapenem, cephalosporin, penicillin G, quinoline derived antiinfective agent; 

adult, aged, article, bacterial gene, bacterium isolate, case control study, controlled study, drug use, female, gender, genetic 

polymorphism, hospital admission, hospital infection, human, infection risk, major clinical study, male, methicillin resistant 

Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection, molecular 

epidemiology, nonhuman, prevalence, priority journal, risk factor, tertiary health care, Thailand; Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and 

over, Bacterial Proteins, Bacteriophage Typing, Carrier State, Case-Control Studies, Cluster Analysis, Cross Infection, DNA 

Fingerprinting, Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field, Female, Genotype, Hospitals, Humans, Male, Methicillin-Resistant 

Staphylococcus aureus, Middle Aged, Molecular Epidemiology, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Prevalence, Risk 

Factors, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Staphylococcal Infections, Thailand 

Abstract : We investigated prevalence and risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a case-control study 

performed in a 900-bed tertiary governmental healthcare facility in Bangkok, Thailand. Multivariate unconditional logistic 

regression was used to identify risk profiles for MRSA carriage. Phage typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), 

polymorphisms of the coa and spa genes, hypervariable region (HVR) of SCCmec, multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), and 

identification of ST30/ST8 mosaic chromosome by heteroduplex-polymerase chain reaction (heteroduplex-PCR) were used to 

demonstrate a clonal relationship. Fifty-seven of 619 in-patients (9.2%) were positive for MRSA. Risk factors were being male, 

long admission, low modified McCabe score, history of MRSA infection, and use of broad spectrum cephalosporin. Molecular 

typing results indicated close relatedness among MRSA isolates. Successful epidemic subtypes were recovered from many 

different wards. However, all subtypes with different multi-locus sequence types were single locus variants (SLVs) of ST239. 

Heteroduplex-PCR gave two positive bands from ST8/ST30 mosaic chromosomal structures in all SLVs indicating all isolates 

were of the ST239 origin. The burden of MRSA nosocomial infections is high in the governmental tertiary hospital. The sole 

ST239 and its SLVs identified in this hospital is striking and calls for better policy for infection control and prevention. © 2010 

Springer-Verlag. 

No.440 

Author (s) : Jaturapatporn, D., Moran, E., Obwanga, C., Husain, A. 

Title : Patients' experience of oxygen therapy and dyspnea: A qualitative study in home palliative care 

Source : Supportive Care in Cancer, Volume 18, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 765-770 


Keywords : Dyspnea; Oxygen therapy; Qualitative study; Shortness of breath 

Abstract : Background Dyspnea is a common and distressing symptom in advanced cancer patients. Our preliminary work shows that in 

the home palliative care population sampled for this study, the prevalence of dyspnea is 29.5% and of those, 26.2% used 

oxygen therapy. Previous studies suggested that oxygen therapy can be a burden to patients. Purpose This study seeks to 

report the prevalence and describe the experience of dyspnea, pattern of oxygen use, and patients' perceived benefits 

and/or burdens of oxygen therapy in home palliative care patients receiving oxygen therapy. Methods Qualitative in-depth 

interviews, using an interview guide, were conducted with eight participants in their homes. Thematic analysis was performed 

using a framework approach. Results All patients in this project used oxygen most of the time. The descriptions of shortness 

of breath varied and were nonspecific. The patients identified more advantages than disadvantages. The advantages of 

oxygen use included increased functional capacity, patients' perceiving oxygen as a life-saving intervention, as well as a 

symptom- management tool. The identified disadvantages were decreased mobility, discomfort related to the nasal prongs, 

barriers to accessing oxygen therapy and noise related to the equipment. Conclusion The advantages of oxygen usage 

outweighed the disadvantages for this sample of patients in the home palliative setting. © 2010 Springer-Verlag. 

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No.441 

Author (s) : Jayathunge, M.P.H., Bowanwatanuwong, C., Maek-A-nantawat, W., Phonrat, B., Pitisuttithum, P. 

Title : Psychosocial burden of abnormal Pap smears among HIV-infected women at Chon Buri Hospital, Thailand 



Keywords : Cervical cancer; HIV-infected; HPV; Human papillomavirus; Pap smears; Psychosocial burden; Thailand 

Abstract : This retrospective case-control study assessed the psychological burden of abnormal Pap smears, and their prevalence and 

characteristics among HIV-infected women attending an HIV clinic. Women with positive (n = 73) and negative Pap-smear 

results (n = 317) were assessed for psychosocial burden using 4 questionnaires: Psycho-Social Impact of Abnormal Pap 

Smears (PEAPS-Q), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Work Productivity and Impairment (WPAI) and the EURO-Qol 

Thermometer. The prevalence of pre-cervical cancer lesions in HIV infected woman was 17.5% (ASCUS 2.9%, LSIL 3.8%, HSIL 

7.4%, SCC 1.7%, and atypical glandular cells including adenocarcinoma 1.7%). HIV infected women with abnormal Pap smears 

showed higher anxiety levels on the HADS questionnaire (p = 0.015); this had a significant effect on regular daily activities (p = 

0.009) per the WPAI questionnaire compared to HIV positive women with normal Pap smear. Ever married HIV infected 

woman with an abnormal Pap smear had a significantly lower psychosocial burden using the PEAPS-Q questionnaire 

(p


Abstract : Background: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in the low density 

lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene. Two novel LDLR mutations, D151Y and M391T, had been previously identified in unrelated 

Thai patients with heterozygous FH. To confirm that these mutations cause FH, the functional characteristics of D151Y and 

M391T, which are located in the fourth cysteine repeat of the ligand-binding domain and in the sixth YWTD repeat of the 

epidermal growth factor precursor homology domain, respectively, were studied. Methods: CHO- ldlA7 cells were transfected 

with wild type and mutant LDLR cDNAs. Thereafter, the localization, expression, and ability of LDL uptake of LDLR were 

evaluated by confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM), and flow cytometry. Results: CLSM revealed both D151Y and M391T 

LDLR were partially retained in the endoplasmic reticulum, with the remaining residual activity observed by LDL uptake. 

Similarly, flow cytometric analysis showed a significant reduction of LDLR expression to 18% and 38% and of LDL uptake to 

15% and 71% in D151Y and M391T LDLR, respectively. Conclusions: The transport defect of LDLR contributes to the 

pathology of FH. These data are useful for an insight inspires the development of novel lipid-lowering drugs with beneficial 

therapeutic value. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

No.444 

Author (s) : Jiang, J. 

Title : A theory of banking regulation 

Source : European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences, Issue 27, December 2010, Pages 18-28 


Keywords : Deposits insurance and capital adequacy; Reserve requirements 

Abstract : Aiming for better understanding and policy recommendations for the banking industry, this study seeks to explore optimal 

banking regulations with due considerations given to the CRA (Community Reinvestment Act) and FDIC (Federal Deposit 

Insurance Corporate) as representatively the most important regulatory tools in seeking efficiency in banking operations and 

preventions of system risk. In the procedure of theoretical proof, this study not only incorporates problems of agency of 

banks but also real sector and depositors' interactions in the seeking for private and public profit shares into the system. 

Therefore, the results of this study would provide venues of optimizing banking regulation policies that are explicitly 

expressed in the realization of series economic factors. It suggests the necessaries to form the strategic policies to monitor 

the movements of market risk premium with the proper estimation of future economic states, average, recession, or 

economic boom. The failure of monitoring these two components may theoretically imply the inefficient achievements of 

subsidies and deposit insurances. © EuroJournals, Inc. 2010. 

No.445 

Author (s) : Jiaranaikulwanitch, J., Boonyarat, C., Fokin, V.V., Vajragupta, O. 

Title : Triazolyl tryptoline derivatives as β-secretase inhibitors 

Source : Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, Volume 20, Issue 22, 15 November 2010, Pages 6572-6576 


Keywords : BACE1; BACE1 inhibitor; Binding mode; Cathepsin-D; Docking; Enzyme assay; JJCA-140; Tryptoline 

Abstract : Tryptoline, a core structure of ochrolifuanine E, which is a hit compound from virtual screening of the Thai herbal database 

against BACE1 was used as a scaffold for the design of BACE1 inhibitors. The tryptoline was linked with different side chains by 

1,2,3-triazole ring readily synthesized by catalytic azide-alkyne cycloaddition reactions. Twenty two triazolyl tryptoline 

derivatives were synthesized and screened for the inhibitory action against BACE1. JJCA-140 was the most potent inhibitor 

(IC50 = 1.49 μM) and was 100 times more selective for BACE1 than for Cat-D. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.446 

Author (s) : Jiarpinitnun, C., Kiessling, L.L. 

Title : Unexpected enhancement in biological activity of a GPCR ligand induced by an oligoethylene glycol substituent 

Source : Journal of the American Chemical Society, Volume 132, Issue 26, 7 July 2010, Pages 8844-8845 


Keywords : Biological activities, Biologically active molecules, Chemoattractants, Formyl peptide receptor, G protein coupled 

receptors, Half lives, N-formyl-methionine-leucine-phenylalanine, Oligoethylene glycols, Transmembranes; Amino 

acids, Biochemistry, Peptides, Polyethylene oxides, Signal transduction; Polyethylene glycols; ethylene glycol 

derivative, formylpeptide receptor, G protein coupled receptor; article, biological activity, cell 

migration, chemotaxis, human, human cell, intracellular signaling, structure activity relation; Cell 

164


Membrane, Chemotaxis, Humans, Ligands, Peptides, Polyethylene Glycols, Receptors, Formyl Peptide, Structure-Activity 

Relationship, U937 Cells 

Abstract : Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is widely used, and many biologically active molecules are modified with oligoethylene glycol 

substituents to enhance their half-lives in circulation. The pervasive use of PEG substituents is partly due to their presumed 

inertness. Our investigation of formyl peptide receptor (FPR)-mediated chemotaxis reveals that oligoethylene glycol 

substitution can enhance the ability of the peptide chemoattractant N-formyl-methionine-leucine- phenylalanine (fMLF) to 

activate signal transduction through FPR, a transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptor. © 2010 American Chemical Society. 

No.447 

Author (s) : Jinapang, P., Prakob, P., Wongwattananard, P., Islam, N.E., Kirawanich, P. 

Title : Growth characteristics of mung beans and water convolvuluses exposed to 425-MHz electromagnetic fields 

Source : Bioelectromagnetics, Volume 31, Issue 7, October 2010, Pages 519-527 


Keywords : Exposure chamber; High-frequency continuous electromagnetic field; Seed germination; Seedling growth 

Abstract : Effects of high-frequency, continuous wave (CW) electromagnetic fields on mung beans (Vigna radiata L.) and water 

convovuluses (Ipomoea aquatica Forssk.) were studied at different growth stages (pre-sown seed and early seedling). 

Specifically, the effects of the electromagnetic source's power and duration (defined as power-duration level) on the growth 

of the two species were studied. Mung beans and water convolvuluses were exposed to electromagnetic fields inside a 

specially designed chamber for optimum field absorption, and the responses of the seeds to a constant frequency at various 

power levels and durations of exposure were monitored. The frequency used in the experiments was 425 MHz, the field 

strengths were 1mW, 100mW, and 10W, and the exposure durations were 1, 2, and 4 h. Results showthat germination 

enhancement is optimum for the mung beans at 100 mW/1 h power-duration level, while for water convolvuluses the 

optimum germination power-duration level was 1 mW/2 h. When both seed types were exposed at the early sprouting phase 

with their respective optimum power-duration levels for optimum seed growth, water convolvuluses showed growth 

enhancement while mung bean sprouts showed no effects.Water content analysis of the seeds suggests thermal effects only 

at higher field strength. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 

No.448 

Author (s) : Jinawath, N., Morsberger, L., Norris-Kirby, A., Williams, L.M., Yonescu, R., Argani, P., Griffin, C.A., Murphy, K.M. 

Title : Complex rearrangement of chromosomes 1, 7, 21, 22 in Ewing sarcoma 

Source : Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics, Volume 201, Issue 1, August 2010, Pages 42-47 


Keywords : cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, etoposide, ifosfamide, RNA binding protein EWS, vincristine; article, cancer surgery, case 

report, child, chromosome 1, chromosome 21, chromosome 22, chromosome 7, chromosome banding pattern, chromosome 

breakage, chromosome rearrangement, chromosome translocation 1, chromosome translocation 21, chromosome 

translocation 7, controlled study, Ewing sarcoma, female, fluorescence in situ hybridization, gene fusion, human, human 

tissue, metaphase chromosome, multiple cycle treatment, preschool child, priority journal, reverse transcription polymerase 

chain reaction, RNA isolation, spectral karyotyping, thorax cancer; Base Sequence, Calmodulin-Binding Proteins, Child, 

Preschool, Chromosome Banding, Chromosomes, Human, DNA Primers, Female, Humans, In Situ Hybridization, 

Fluorescence, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, RNA-Binding Proteins, Sarcoma, Ewing's, Spectral 

Karyotyping, Translocation, Genetic 

Abstract : The Ewing sarcoma (ES) family of tumors is characterized by nonrandom chromosomal translocations involving the EWSR1 

gene on chromosome 22 with one of the members of the ETS family of transcription factors. The majority of ES tumors are 

characterized by a balanced translocation t(11;22)(q24;q12), which results in the fusion of the 5' portion of EWSR1 gene with 

the 3'end of the FLI1 gene. Fusions with ERG, another member of the ETS family, occur in less than 10% of ES tumors, and 

can arise through complex chromosomal rearrangements. Here, we report a case of a 5-year-old female with an ES tumor in 

the thoracic region. G-banding and spectral karyotyping analysis demonstrated 46,XX,t(1;21;7)(q25;q22.3;q22). Metaphase 

fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using the EWSR1 break-apart probe demonstrated a normal signal on both apparently 

normal chromosomes 22, and an additional EWSR1-5' signal on the derivative chromosome 21. Reverse-transcriptase 

polymerase chain reaction analysis of RNA isolated from the tumor demonstrated a EWSR1-ERG fusion transcript, fusing exon 

7 of EWSR1 and exon 11 of ERG. These results are consistent with an additional copy of the 5' portion of EWSR1, which 

inverted and then inserted on chromosome 21 and fused to the 3' end of ERG. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a 

165


EWSR1-ERG fusion in an ES tumor with an apparently duplicated 5' portion of EWSR1, and with a complex translocation 

involving chromosomes 1, 7, and 21. This case adds to the spectrum of genetic rearrangements identified in ES tumors. © 

2010 Elsevier Inc. 

No.449 

Author (s) : Jinawath, N., Vasoontara, C., Jinawath, A., Fang, X., Zhao, K., Yap, K.-L., Guo, T., Lee, C.S., Wang, W., Balgley, B.M., Davidson, B., 

Wang, T.-L., Shih, I.-M. 

Title : Oncoproteomic analysis reveals co-upregulation of RELA and STAT5 in carboplatin resistant ovarian carcinoma 



Keywords : 4 (2 aminoethylamino) 1,8 dimethylimidazo[1,2 a]quinoxaline, allograft inflammatory factor 1, apolipoprotein D, bms 

324825, carboplatin, cathepsin S, CD97 antigen, chymotrypsin A, dasatinib, folate binding protein, guanosine 

triphosphatase, interleukin 18, migration stimulating factor, pleckstrin, protein bcl xl, protein serine threonine kinase, protein 

tyrosine kinase, proteome, puromycin, short hairpin RNA, STAT5 protein, STAT5a protein, stromal interaction molecule 

1, syntenin, transcription factor RelA, ubiquitin protein ligase, unclassified drug, Wiskott Aldrich syndrome 

protein, antineoplastic agent, RELA protein, human, tumor protein; article, cancer patient, cancer resistance, capillary 

isoelectric focusing, chromatin immunoprecipitation, DNA binding, drug sensitization, gene control, gene 

silencing, human, nucleotide sequence, ovary carcinoma, primary tumor, promoter region, protein 

expression, proteomics, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, reversed phase liquid chromatography, tandem mass 

spectrometry, tumor recurrence, upregulation, apoptosis, drug resistance, electrospray mass spectrometry, enzyme linked 

immunosorbent assay, female, genetics, metabolism, ovary tumor, pathology, validation study; Antineoplastic 

Agents, Apoptosis, Carboplatin, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent 

Assay, Female, Humans, Neoplasm Proteins, Ovarian Neoplasms, Proteomics, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray 

Ionization, STAT5 Transcription Factor, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Transcription Factor RelA, Up-Regulation 

Abstract : Background: Ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal types of female malignancy. Although most patients are initially 

responsive to platinum-based chemotherapy, almost all develop recurrent chemoresistant tumors and succumb to their 

diseases. Elucidating the pathogenesis underlying drug resistance is fundamental to the development of new therapeutics, 

leading to improved clinical outcomes in these patients. Methods and Findings: We compared the proteomes of paired 

primary and recurrent post-chemotherapy ovarian highgrade serous carcinomas from nine ovarian cancer patients using 

CIEF/Nano-RPLC coupled with ESI-Tandem MS. As compared to their primary tumors, more than half of the recurrent tumors 

expressed higher levels of several proteins including CP, FN1, SYK, CD97, AIF1, WNK1, SERPINA3, APOD, URP2, STAT5B and 

RELA (NF-kB p65), which were also validated by quantitative RT-PCR. Based on shRNA screening for the upregulated genes in 

in vitro carboplatin-resistant cells, we found that simultaneous knockdown of RELA and STAT5B was most effective in 

sensitizing tumor cells for carboplatin treatment. Similarly, the NF-kB inhibitor, BMS-345541, and the STAT5 inhibitor, Dasatinib, 

significantly enhanced cell sensitivity to carboplatin. Moreover, both RELA and STAT5 are known to bind to the promoter 

region of Bcl-X, regulating its promoter activity. In this regard, augmented Bcl-xL expression was detected in carboplatinresistant 

cells. Combined ectopic expression of RELA and STAT5B enhanced Bcl-xL promoter activity while treatment with 

BMS-345541 and Dasatinib decreased it. Chromatin immunoprecipitation of the Bcl-X promoter region using a STAT5 antibody 

showed induction of RELA and STAT5 DNA-binding segments both in nai{dotless}̈ve cells treated with a high concentration of 

carboplatin as well as in carboplatin-resistant cells. Conclusions: Proteomic analysis identified RELA and STAT5 as two major 

proteins associated with carboplatin resistance in ovarian tumors. Our results further showed that NF-kB and STAT5 inhibitor 

could sensitize carboplatin-resistant cells and suggest that such inhibitors can be used to benefit patients with carboplatinresistant 

recurrent ovarian cancer. © 2010 Jinawath et al. 

No.450 

Author (s) : Jindadamrongwech, S., Tungbuppha, N., Chuncharunee, S., Butthep, P. 

Title : Hb tak and Hb Q-Thailand in thai patients are S-window hemoglobin variants revealed by high performance liquid 

chromatography 

Source : Hemoglobin, Volume 34, Issue 2, April 2010, Pages 161-164 


Keywords : Capillary electrophoresis (CE); HbQ-Thailand; HbTak; Hemoglobin variant; High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) 

166


Abstract : The S-window hemoglobin (Hb) variants revealed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were studied in 12 Thai 

individuals. The variants were identified, using DNA sequencing and multiplex amplification refractory mutation systempolymerase 

chain reaction (ARMS-PCR), to be six cases of Hb Tak [β147 (AC)], and six cases of Hb Q-Thailand 

[α74(EF3)Asp→His], respectively. By using the Capillarys 2-capillary zone electrophoresis (CE), Hb Tak and Hb Q-Thailand comigrated 

with Hb F in zone 7. This might pose a problem as the high Hb F conditions suggest a differential diagnosis. The Swindow 

Hb variants are mostly Hb Tak and Hb Q-Thailand in the Thai population rather than Hb S [β6(A3)Glu→Val]. The 

definite identification of Hb variants detected by HPLC or capillary electrophoresis (CE) requires DNA analysis. © Informa UK, 

Ltd. 

No.451 

Author (s) : Jintapattanakit, A., Peungvicha, P., Sailasuta, A., Kissel, T., Junyaprasert, V.B. 

Title : Nasal absorption and local tissue reaction of insulin nanocomplexes of trimethyl chitosan derivatives in rats 

Source : Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Volume 62, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages 583-591 


Keywords : Insulin nanocomplexes; Nasal delivery; Nasal histology; PEGylation; Trimethyl chitosan 

Abstract : Objectives The objective of this work was to explore the potential and safety of trimethyl chitosan (TMC) and PEGylated TMC 

for improved absorption of insulin after nasal administration. Methods The nasal absorption of insulin nanocomplexes of TMC 

or PEGylated TMC was evaluated in anaesthetized rats. Concomitantly, the histopathological effects of these nanocomplexes 

on rat nasal mucosa were studied using a perfusion fixation technique. Key findings All insulin nanocomplexes containing TMC 

or PEGylated TMC showed a 34-47% reduction in the blood glucose concentration, when the insulin absorption through the 

rat nasal mucosa was measured indirectly. In addition, the relative pharmacodynamic bioavailability (Fdyn) of the 

formulations was found to be dependent upon the charge ratio of insulin and polymer, regardless of polymer structure. The 

Fdyn apparently decreased with increasing charge ratio of insulin : polymer. Although acute alterations in nasal morphology 

by the formulations were affected by the charge ratio of insulin and polymer, the formulation of insulin/PEGylated TMC 

nanocomplexes was shown to be less toxic to the nasal epithelial membrane than insulin/TMC nanocomplexes. Conclusions 

PEGylated TMC nanocomplexes were a suitable absorption enhancer for nasal delivery of insulin. © 2010 Royal 

Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. 

No.452 

Author (s) : Jintaridth, P., Mutirangura, A. 

Title : Distinctive patterns of age-dependent hypomethylation in interspersed repetitive sequences 

Source : Physiological Genomics, Volume 41, Issue 2, April 2010, Pages 194-200 


Keywords : Aging; Genome-wide methylation; Global hypomethylation; Interspersed repetitive sequences 

Abstract : Interspersed repetitive sequences (IRSs) are a major contributor to genome size and may contribute to cellular functions. IRSs 

are subdivided according to size and functionally related structures into short interspersed elements, long interspersed 

elements (LINEs), DNA transposons, and LTR-retrotransposons. Many IRSs may produce RNA and regulate genes by a variety of 

mechanisms. The majority of DNA methylation occurs in IRSs and is believed to suppress IRS activities. Global 

hypomethylation, or the loss of genome-wide methylation, is a common epigenetic event not only in senescent cells but 

also in cancer cells. Loss of LINE-1 methylation has been characterized in many cancers. Here, we evaluated the methylation 

levels of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of LINE-1, Alu, and human endogenous retrovirus K (HERV-K) in 177 samples 

obtained from volunteers between 20 and 88 yr of age. Age was negatively associated with methylation levels of Alu (r = - 

0.452, P < 10-3) and HERV-K (r = -0.326, P < 10-3) but not LINE-1 (r = 0.145, P = 0.055). Loss of methylation of Alu 

occurred during ages 34-68 yr, and loss of methylation of HERV-K occurred during ages 40-63 yr and again during ages 64-83 

yr. Interestingly, methylation of Alu and LINE-1 are directly associated, particularly at ages 49 yr and older (r = 0.49, P < 10- 

3). Therefore, only some types of IRSs lose methylation at certain ages. Moreover, Alu and HERV-K become hypomethylated 

differently. Finally, there may be several mechanisms of global methylation. However, not all of these mechanisms are agedependent. 

This finding may lead to a better understanding of not only the biological causes and consequences of genomewide 

hypomethylation but also the role of IRSs in the aging process. Copyright © 2010 the American Physiological Society. 

No.453 

Author (s) : Jirapaet, K., Jirapaet, V., Sritipsukho, S. 

167


Title : Safety of initiating early enteral feeding with slow volume advancement in preterm infants 



Keywords : Early feeding; Human milk; Late-onset sepsis; Necrotizing enterocolitis; Preterm infant; Slow volume advancement 

Abstract : Objective: To determine the safety of enteral feeding within 24 hours of life with slow volume increase on the incidence of 

necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and late-onset sepsis (LOS). Design: Prospective descriptive study. Material and Method: 

Between January 1998 and December 2001, 117 preterm infants with birth weight < 1,750 g were recruited prospectively, 102 

in the human-milk-fed group (HMG) and 15 in the formula-fed group (FG). Feeds were advanced by increments of 10 mL/kg/d, 

aimed at 150 mL/kg/d in 15 days. Charts of 146 preterm infants admitted during 1996-1997 were reviewed for pre-study 

incidences of NEC and LOS. Results: NEC developed 3.92% in HMG and 20% in FG (p =.044). LOS developed 2.94% in HMG 

and 13.33% in FG (p = 0.122). The overall incidence of NEC was almost similar (5.98% vs. 6.16%) while that of LOS was lower 

(4.27% vs. 12.32%) when compared to the pre-study incidences. Conclusion: The present study provides a practice that 

seems to reduce LOS risk without increasing NEC risk and confirms the protective effect of human milk against NEC. 

No.454 

Author (s) : Jirapongsananuruk, O., Pongpreuksa, S., Sangacharoenkit, P., Visitsunthorn, N., Vichyanond, P. 

Title : Identification of the etiologies of chronic urticaria in children: A prospective study of 94 patients 

Source : Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Volume 21, Issue 3, May 2010, Pages 508-514 


Keywords : Autologous serum skin test; Chronic autoimmune urticaria; Chronic urticaria; Food allergy; Skin prick test 

Abstract : The etiologies of chronic urticaria (CU) in childhood remains incompletely understood because of limited data in children. 

The objective of this study was to examine some of the possible etiologies of CU in children by focusing on the functional 

autoantibody to FcRIα and IgE, thyroid autoimmunity, urticarial vasculitis, parasitic infestation and food allergy. Children 4-15 

yr of age with CU were investigated for complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), antinuclear antibody 

(ANA), CH50, free-T4 (FT 4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), anti-thyroglobulin and anti-microsomal antibody, autologous 

serum skin test (ASST), skin prick tests (SPT) for foods, food challenges, and stool examination for parasites. Ninety-four 

children who met the criteria for CU were recruited. Patients with physical urticaria were excluded. Eosinophilia and elevated 

ESR were found in 23% and 13%, respectively. High ANA titers were found in 2%. None of these patients had clinical features 

of urticarial vasculitis, abnormal CH 50 level, abnormal TSH and FT4. Anti-thyroglobulin and anti-microsomal antibodies were 

not detected. Positive ASST was found in 38%. There were no differences in medication requirement and CU remission 

between patients with positive and negative ASST. Parasites were found in 5% without clinical correlation. SPT to foods was 

positive in 35%. Positive food challenges were found in six/nine patients with positive history of food allergy and two/seven 

patients with negative history. Food avoidance was beneficial to the subgroup of patients with positive history of food allergy 

only. © 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S. 

No.455 

Author (s) : Jirarattanasopa, N., Tantikul, C., Vichyanond, P., Pacharn, P., Visitsunthorn, N., Suttinont, P., Jirapongsananuruk, O. 

Title : A combination of intravenous immunoglobulin and pulse methylprednisolone extended survival in pulmonary alveolar 

proteinosis with chronic interstitial pneumonitis: A case report 

Source : Asian Pacific Journal of Allergy and Immunology, Volume 28, Issue 2-3, June 2010, Pages 200-205 


Keywords : Chronic interstitial pneumonitis; Intravenous immunoglobulin; Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis; Pulse methylprednisolone 

Abstract : Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is characterized by intra-alveolar accumulation of lipoproteinaceous material. The 

severe chronic pulmonary disease and susceptibility to pulmonary infection is a prominent feature of the disease. We 

reported a case of postnatal-onset PAP and chronic interstitial pneumonitis in a girl with chronic respiratory distress since she 

was 5 months of age. A lung biopsy confirmed the diagnosis. The therapeutic bronchoalveolar lavages, a short trial of 

granulocyte colonystimulation factor (G-CSF) and a combination of low dose methylprednisolone and hydroxychloroquine 

were used at different times without noting satisfactory improvement. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and pulse 

methylprednisolone were given monthly with gradual recovery. She did not require oxygen supplement after 21 months of 

this combination. Our report suggested that IVIG and pulse methylprednisolone might have a potential role in the treatment 

of PAP with chronic interstitial pneumonitis. 

168


No.456 

Author (s) : Jirasiritham, S., Khunprakant, R., Techawathanawanna, N., Jirasiritham, S., Mavichak, V. 

Title : Treatment of simultaneous acute antibody-mediated rejection and acute cellular rejection with alemtuzumab in kidney 

transplantation: a case report. 

Source : Transplantation proceedings, Volume 42, Issue 3, April 2010, Pages 987-989 


Keywords : alemtuzumab, alloantibody, cancer antibody, creatinine, immunoglobulin, monoclonal antibody; adult, article, blood, case 

report, chronic kidney failure, female, glomerulonephritis, graft rejection, human, immunology, kidney transplantation, living 

donor, lymphocyte count, lymphocyte depletion, plasmapheresis, treatment outcome; Adult, Antibodies, 

Monoclonal, Antibodies, Neoplasm, Creatinine, Female, Glomerulonephritis, Graft Rejection, Humans, Immunoglobulins, 

Intravenous, Isoantibodies, Kidney Failure, Chronic, Kidney Transplantation, Living Donors, Lymphocyte Count, Lymphocyte 

Depletion, Plasmapheresis, Treatment Outcome 

Abstract : This is a case report of a living related donor kidney transplantation using basiliximab induction and maintenance 

immunosuppression with cyclosporine, mycophenolate sodium, and steroid. On the second posttransplant day, the patient 

developed acute antibody-mediated rejection, which was treated with plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin 

(IVIG). Five days later, the graft had still not responded to the treatment. Another biopsy revealed additional acute cellular 

rejection (Banff IIA). As alemtuzumab can rapidly deplete T and B lymphocytes, monocytes, and natural killer cells, the 

patient was treated with alemtuzumab (30 mg subcutaneously) together with methylprednisolone (500 mg) and two more 

plasmaphereses. The kidney graft responded within 48 hours, producing more than 4 L of urine per day. The total 

lymphocyte decreased from 530/microL to 50/microL remaining in the 50 to 220/microL range. The patient received 

valgancyclovir and cotrimoxazole as infection prophylaxis. The kidney graft responded well to the rescue treatment and the 

patient was discharged with a serum creatinine of 1.1 mg/mL and has been uneventfully followed in the outpatient clinic for 

8 months. Today, with the potent, effective, and selective immunosuppressive regimens, the rate and severity of acute 

cellular rejection in kidney transplantation has decreased in most centers. However, the rate of acute antibody-mediated 

rejection has increased to levels greater than those of acute cellular rejection in many centers. Acute antibody-mediated 

rejection is more difficult and expensive to treat successfully. The treatment of acute antibody-mediated rejection included 

plasmapheresis and IVIG. Herein we have reported a case of kidney transplantation simultaneously developing acute 

antibody-mediated and acute cellular rejection; the patient was successfully treated with alemtuzumab. Copyright (c) 2010 

Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 

No.457 

Author (s) : Jitnarin, N., Kosulwat, V., Rojroongwasinkul, N., Boonpraderm, A., Haddock, C.K., Poston, W.S.C. 

Title : Risk factors for overweight and obesity among Thai adults: Results of the national Thai food consumption survey 

Source : Nutrients, Volume 2, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 60-74 


Keywords : Dietary intake; Overweight/obesity; SES; Smoking; Thailand 

Abstract : We evaluated the associations between overweight and obesity and socioeconomic status (SES), behavioral factors, and 

dietary intake in Thai adults. A nationally representative sample of 6,445 Thais adults (18-70 years) was surveyed during 2004- 

2005. Information including demographics, SES characteristics, dietary intake, and anthropometrics were obtained. Overall, 

35.0% of men, and 44.9% of women were overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2) using the Asian cut-points. Regression 

models demonstrated that age was positively associated with being overweight in both genders. In gender-stratified analyses, 

male respondents who were older, lived in urban areas, had higher annual household income, and did not smoke were more 

likely to be classified as overweight and obese. Women who were older, had higher education, were not in a marriage-like 

relationship and were in semi-professional occupation were at greater risk for being overweight and obese. High carbohydrate 

and protein intake were found to be positively associated with BMI whereas the frequent use of dairy foods was found to be 

negatively associated with BMI among men. The present study found that SES factors are associated with being classified as 

overweight and obese in Thai adults, but associations were different between genders. Health promotion strategies regarding 

obesity and its related co-morbidity are necessary. © 2010 by the authors; licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation 

International, Basel, Switzerland. 

No.458 

Author (s) : Jitprasutwit, S., Thaewpia, W., Muangsombut, V., Lulitanond, A., Leelayuwat, C., Lertmemongkolchai, G., Korbsrisate, S. 

169


Title : Effect of acidic pH on the invasion efficiency and the type III Secretion system of Burkholderia thailandensis 

Source : Journal of Microbiology, Volume 48, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 526-532 


Keywords : acidic pH; B. thailandensis; invasion; type III secretion system 

Abstract : Burkholderia thailandensis is a close relative of Burkholderia pseudomallei. These organisms are very similar, but B. 

thailandensis is far less virulent than B. pseudomallei. Nucleotide sequencing and analysis of 14 B. thailandensis isolates 

revealed variation in the regions coding for the type III secreted BipD protein. The degree of B. thailandensis BipD sequence 

variation was greater than that found in B. pseudomallei. Western blot analysis indicated that, unlike B. pseudomallei, B. 

thailandensis type III secreted proteins including BipD and BopE could not be detected in the supernatant of culture medium 

unless induced by acidic conditions. In addition, culturing B. thailandensis under acidic growth conditions (pH 4.5) can induce 

the ability of this bacterium to invade human respiratory epithelial cells A549. The identification of an environmental stimulus 

that increases the invasion capability of B. thailandensis invasion is of value for those who would like to use this bacterium as 

a model to study B. pseudomallei virulence. © 2010 The Microbiological Society of Korea and Springer-Verlag Berlin 

Heidelberg. 

No.459 

Author (s) : Jitramontree, N., Schoenfelder, D.P. 

Title : Exercise promotion: Walking in elders 

Source : Journal of Gerontological Nursing, Volume 36, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 10-18 


Keywords : aged, article, exercise, geriatric assessment, health promotion, human, practice guideline, risk factor, treatment outcome; 

Aged, Exercise, Geriatric Assessment, Guidelines as Topic, Health Promotion, Humans, Outcome and Process Assessment 

(Health Care), Risk Factors 


No.460 

Author (s) : Jitrapakdee, S., Wutthisathapornchai, A., Wallace, J.C., MacDonald, M.J. 

Title : Regulation of insulin secretion: Role of mitochondrial signaling 

Source : Diabetologia, Volume 53, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 1019-1032 


Keywords : Coupling factors; Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion; Insulin secretion; Mitochondrial metabolism; Pyruvate 

cycling; Review 

Abstract : Pancreatic beta cells are specialised endocrine cells that continuously sense the levels of blood sugar and other fuels and, in 

response, secrete insulin to maintain normal fuel homeostasis. During postprandial periods an elevated level of plasma 

glucose rapidly stimulates insulin secretion to decrease hepatic glucose output and promote glucose uptake into other 

tissues, principally muscle and adipose tissues. Beta cell mitochondria play a key role in this process, not only by providing 

energy in the form of ATP to support insulin secretion, but also by synthesising metabolites (anaplerosis) that can act, both 

intra- and extramitochondrially, as factors that couple glucose sensing to insulin granule exocytosis. ATP on its own, and 

possibly modulated by these coupling factors, triggers closure of the ATP-sensitive potassium channel, resulting in membrane 

depolarisation that increases intracellular calcium to cause insulin secretion. The metabolic imbalance caused by chronic 

hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidaemia severely affects mitochondrial metabolism, leading to the development of impaired 

glucose-induced insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes. It appears that the anaplerotic enzyme pyruvate carboxylase participates 

directly or indirectly in several metabolic pathways which are important for glucose-induced insulin secretion, including: the 

pyruvate/malate cycle, the pyruvate/citrate cycle, the pyruvate/isocitrate cycle and glutamate-dehydrogenase-catalysed αketoglutarate 

production. These four pathways enable 'shuttling' or 'recycling' of these intermediate(s) into and out of 

mitochondrion, allowing continuous production of intracellular messenger(s). The purpose of this review is to present an 

account of recent progress in this area of central importance in the realm of diabetes and obesity research. © 2010 Springer- 

Verlag. 

No.461 

Author (s) : Jittapalapong, S., Inpankaew, T., Pinyopanuwat, N., Chimnoi, W., Kengradomkij, C., Wongnarkpet, S., Maruyama, S., Lekkla, A., 

Sukthana, Y. 

170


Title : Epidemiology of toxoplasma gondii infection of stray cats in Bangkok, Thailand 



Keywords : Sabin-Feldman dye test; Stray cats; Thailand; Toxoplasma gondii 

Abstract : The objective of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in stray cats in Bangkok. Sera were collected 

during 2006 and examined by Sabin-Feldman dye test. Five hundred sixty-four male and 926 female cats in and around 

monasteries from 50 districts were collected. Toxoplasma gondii was detected in 72 (4.8%) of 1,490 cats. The prevalence was 

significantly higher in females (5.6%) than in males (3.6%). Cats more than 5 years old had the highest infection rate (5.1%). 

Fifty-six percent (28/50) of areas were positive for T. gondii in cats. Our results show T. gondii is widespread in stray cats in 

Bangkok. It is essential to control the number of stray cats in order to reduce the transmission of toxoplasmosis to animals 

and humans. 

No.462 

Author (s) : Jittawuttipoka, T., Sallabhan, R., Vattanaviboon, P., Fuangthong, M., Mongkolsuk, S. 

Title : Mutations of ferric uptake regulator (fur) impair iron homeostasis, growth, oxidative stress survival, and virulence of 

Xanthomonas campestris pv. Campestris 

Source : Archives of Microbiology, Volume 192, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages 331-339 


Keywords : Ferric uptake regulator; Fur; Iron; Plant pathogen; Xanthomonas 

Abstract : Iron is essential in numerous cellular functions. Intracellular iron homeostasis must be maintained for cell survival and 

protection against iron's toxic effects. Here, we characterize the roles of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) fur, 

which encodes an iron sensor and a transcriptional regulator that acts in iron homeostasis, oxidative stress, and virulence. 

Herein, we isolated spontaneous Xcc fur mutants that had high intracellular iron concentrations due to constitutively high 

siderophore levels and increased expression of iron transport genes. These mutants also had reduced aerobic plating 

efficiency and resistance to peroxide killing. Moreover, one fur mutant was attenuated on a host plant, thus indicating that fur 

has important roles in the virulence of X. campestris pv. campestris. © 2010 Springer-Verlag. 

No.463 

Author (s) : Jittivadhna, K., Ruenwongsa, P., Panijpan, B. 

Title : Beyond textbook illustrations: Hand-held models of ordered DNA and protein structures as 3D supplements to enhance 

student learning of helical biopolymers 

Source : Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, Volume 38, Issue 6, November 2010, Pages 359-364 


Keywords : DNA; Helical structure; Polypeptide; Science education 

Abstract : Textbook illustrations of 3D biopolymers on printed paper, regardless of how detailed and colorful, suffer from its twodimensionality. 

For beginners, computer screen display of skeletal models of biopolymers and their animation usually does 

not provide the at-a-glance 3D perception and details, which can be done by good hand-held models. Here, we report a 

study on how our students learned more from using our ordered DNA and protein models assembled from colored 

computer-printouts on transparency film sheets that have useful structural details. Our models (reported in BAMBED 2009), 

having certain distinguished features, helped our students to grasp various aspects of these biopolymers that they usually find 

difficult. Quantitative and qualitative learning data from this study are reported. © 2010 International Union of Biochemistry 

and Molecular Biology, Inc. 

No.464 

Author (s) : Johnson, H., Meeyai, A., Coker, R. 

Title : Potential for greater coherence in EUROPEAN influenza surveillance 

Source : European Journal of Public Health, Volume 20, Issue 5, October 2010, Pages 488-489 




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No.465 

Author (s) : Jonmalung, J., Prammananan, T., Leechawengwongs, M., Chaiprasert, A. 

Title : Surveillance of pyrazinamide susceptibility among multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Siriraj 

Hospital, Thailand 

Source : BMC Microbiology, Volume 10, 2010, Article number 223 


Keywords : ethambutol, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, rifampicin, streptomycin, amidase, antiinfective agent, PncA protein, Mycobacterium 

tuberculosis, tuberculostatic agent; adolescent, adult, aged, antibiotic resistance, antibiotic sensitivity, article, bacterial 

growth, bacterial mutation, bacterial strain, child, controlled study, culture medium, disease surveillance, drug 

activity, female, human, male, multidrug resistance, multidrug resistant tuberculosis, Mycobacterium 

tuberculosis, nonhuman, nucleotide sequence, preschool child, school child, sensitivity and specificity, Thailand, drug 

effect, enzymology, genetics, health survey, hospital, isolation and purification, metabolism, microbiological 

examination, microbiology, middle aged, mutation, tuberculosis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 

80 and over, Amidohydrolases, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Antitubercular Agents, Child, Child, Preschool, Drug Resistance, Multiple, 

Bacterial, Female, Hospitals, Humans, Male, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Middle Aged, Mutation, Mycobacterium 

tuberculosis, Population Surveillance, Pyrazinamide, Thailand, Tuberculosis, Young Adult 

Abstract : Background. Susceptibility testing of pyrazinamide (PZA) against Mycobacterium tuberculosis is difficult to perform because 

the acidity of culture medium that is required for drug activity also inhibits the growth of bacteria. In Thailand, very limited 

information has been generated on PZA resistance, particularly among multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) isolated from 

Thailand. Only two studies on PZA susceptibility among Thai M. tuberculosis strains have been reported; one used a 

pyrazinamidase assay, and the other used the BACTEC 460 TB for PZA susceptibility testing. In this study, we determined the 

percentage of strains possessing pyrazinamide resistance among pan-susceptible M. tuberculosis and MDR-TB isolates by using 

the pyrazinamidase assay, BACTEC MGIT 960 PZA method and pncA sequencing, and assessed the correlation in the data 

generated using these methods. The type and frequency of mutations in pncA were also determined. Results. Overall, 150 M. 

tuberculosis isolates, consisting of 50 susceptible and 100 MDR-TB isolates, were tested for PZA susceptibility by BACTEC MGIT 

960 PZA, the pyrazinamidase assay and pncA sequencing. The study indicated PZA resistance in 6% and 49% of susceptible 

and MDR-TB isolates, respectively. In comparison to the BACTEC MGIT 960 PZA, the PZase assay showed 65.4% sensitivity and 

100% specificity, whereas pncA sequencing showed 75% sensitivity and 89.8% specificity. Twenty-four mutation types were 

found in this study, with the most frequent mutation (16%) being His71Asp. Of these mutations, eight have not been 

previously described. The Ile31Ser and Ile31Thr mutations were found both in PZA susceptible and resistant isolates, 

suggesting that mutation of this codon might not play a role on PZA resistance. Conclusions. Our findings suggest that 

phenotypic susceptibility testing is still essential for the detection of PZA resistance, especially for MDR-TB isolates. Some 

mutations were not associated with resistance and could lead to misinterpretation of the genotypic methods. This 

information could be helpful for clinicians in managing tuberculosis patients and frequencies, and the types of pncA 

mutations should offer baseline information on PZA resistance. © 2010 Jonmalung et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.466 

Author (s) : Junjhon, J., Edwards, T.J., Utaipat, U., Bowman, V.D., Holdaway, H.A., Zhang, W., Keelapang, P., Puttikhunt, C., Perera, R., 

Chipman, P.R., Kasinrerk, W., Malasit, P., Kuhn, R.J., Sittisombut, N. 

Title : Influence of pr-M cleavage on the heterogeneity of extracellular dengue virus particles 

Source : Journal of Virology, Volume 84, Issue 16, August 2010, Pages 8253-8358 


Keywords : antibody, prM protein, Flavivirus, virus envelope protein; amino acid sequence, article, controlled study, cryoelectron 

microscopy, Dengue virus 2, immunoprecipitation, nonhuman, priority journal, serotype, virus mutant, virus particle, Dengue 

virus, isolation and purification, metabolism, physiology, ultrastructure, virion, virus assembly; Dengue virus; Cryoelectron 

Microscopy, Dengue Virus, Immunoprecipitation, Viral Envelope Proteins, Virion, Virus Assembly 

Abstract : During dengue virus replication, an incomplete cleavage of the envelope glycoprotein prM, generates a mixture of mature 

(prM-less) and prM-containing, immature extracellular particles. In this study, sequential immunoprecipitation and 

cryoelectron microscopy revealed a third type of extracellular particles, the partially mature particles, as the major prMcontaining 

particles in a dengue serotype 2 virus. Changes in the proportion of viral particles in the pr-M junction mutants 

exhibiting altered levels of prM cleavage suggest that the partially mature particles may represent an intermediate 

172


subpopulation in the virus maturation pathway. These findings are consistent with a model suggesting the progressive mode 

of prM cleavage. Copyright © 2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 

No.467 

Author (s) : Jutapakdeegul, N., Afadlal, S., Polaboon, N., Phansuwan-Pujito, P., Govitrapong, P. 

Title : Repeated restraint stress and corticosterone injections during late pregnancy alter GAP-43 expression in the hippocampus and 

prefrontal cortex of rat pups 

Source : International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience, Volume 28, Issue 1, February 2010, Pages 83-90 


Keywords : Corticosterone; GAP-43; Hippocampus; Prefrontal coretx; Prenatal stress 

Abstract : In the offspring of prenatal stress animals, overactivity and impaired negative feedback regulation of the hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal 

axis are consistent finding. However, little was known about how prenatal stress can permanently alter 

developmental trajectories of pup's brain. Growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) is a presynaptic membrane phosphoprotein 

whose expression increases during developmental events such as axonal outgrowth or remodeling and synaptogenesis. 

Phosphorylation of GAP-43 by protein kinase C was correlated with enhanced axonal growth and transmitter release. In adult 

animals, increase of GAP-43 correlated with monoaminergic deficit in neuropsychiatric disorders. The present study examines 

the effects of repeated maternal restraint stress on the level of GAP-43 in the brain of rat pups. The results showed that 

prenatal stress significantly increased GAP-43 level in the PFC of rat pup during PND 7-14 as compared to control but not 

significant difference when observed at PND 21. Increased GAP-43 expression was also observed in the pup's hippocampus 

during the same postnatal periods. However, when observed at PND 60, pups born from stressed mother showed a significant 

lower (p < 0.001) GAP-43 expression as compare with control group. These changes indicate the direct effect of corticosteroid 

hormone, since repeated maternal injection with corticosterone (CORT, 40 mg/kg) during GD 14-21 also gave the same results. 

PND 7-14 is the peak period of synaptogenesis in these brain areas and abnormal axon sprouting and reorganization may lead 

to a defect in synaptic pruning at later stage of life. The results suggested that maternal stress is harmful to the developing 

brain and upregulation of GAP-43 indicated a protective mechanism against the toxicity of maternal stress hormone. Prenatal 

stress alter the normal developmental trajectories in the pup's brain may underlies the mechanism link between early life 

stress and neuropsychopathology in later life. © 2009 ISDN. 

No.468 

Author (s) : Jutapakdeegul, N.; Surakul, P.; Vanichviriyakit, R.; Weerachatyanukul, W. 

Title : Repeated carbenoxolone injection during late pregnancy decreased SPAR but increased Snk expression in the hippocampus 

of rat pups 

Source : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROSCIENCE, Volume: 28, Issue: 8, Special Issue: SI, Pages: 686-686, DOI: 

10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2010.07.132, Published: DEC 2010 




No.469 

Author (s) : Kachadroka, S., Hall, A.M., Niedzielko, T.L., Chongthammakun, S., Floyd, C.L. 

Title : Effect of endogenous androgens on 17β-estradiol-mediated protection after spinal cord injury in male rats 

Source : Journal of Neurotrauma, Volume 27, Issue 3, 1 March 2010, Pages 611-626 


Keywords : Apoptosis; Bax; Bcl-xL; Estrogen; Serum levels 

Abstract : Several groups have recently shown that 17β-estradiol is protective in spinal cord injury (SCI). Testosterone can be 

aromatized to 17β-estradiol and may increase estrogen-mediated protection. Alternatively, testosterone has been shown to 

increase excitotoxicity in models of central nervous system (CNS) injury. These experiments test the hypothesis that 

endogenous testosterone in male rats alters 17β-estradiol-mediated protection by evaluating a delayed administration over a 

clinically relevant dose range and manipulating testicular-derived testosterone. Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were either 

gonadectomized or left gonad-intact prior to SCI. SCI was produced by a midthoracic crush injury. At 30min post SCI, animals 

received a subcutaneous pellet of 0.0, 0.05, 0.5, or 5.0mg of 17β-estradiol, released over 21 days. Hindlimb locomotion was 

analyzed weekly in the open field. Spinal cords were collected and analyzed for cell death, expression of Bcl-family proteins, 

173


and white-matter sparing. Post-SCI administration of the 0.5- or 5.0-mg pellet improved hindlimb locomotion, reduced urinary 

bladder size, increased neuronal survival, reduced apoptosis, improved the Bax/Bcl-xL protein ratio, and increased whitematter 

sparing. In the absence of endogenous testicular-derived androgens, SCI induced greater apoptosis, yet 17β-estradiol 

administration reduced apoptosis to the same extent in gonadectomized and gonad-intact male rats. These data suggest that 

delayed post-SCI administration of a clinically relevant dose of 17β-estradiol is protective in male rats, and endogenous 

androgens do not alter estrogen-mediated protection. These data suggest that 17β-estradiol is an effective therapeutic 

intervention for reducing secondary damage after SCI in males, which could be readily translated to clinical trials. © 2010, 

Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 

No.470 

Author (s) : Kachaiyaphum, P., Howteerakul, N., Sujirarat, D., Siri, S., Suwannapong, N. 

Title : Serum cholinesterase levels of Thai chilli-farm workers exposed to chemical pesticides: Prevalence estimates and associated 

factors 

Source : Journal of Occupational Health, Volume 52, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 89-98 


Keywords : Chemical pesticides; Chilli-farm workers; Pesticide-related symptoms; Serum cholinesterase; Thailand 

Abstract : Objective: To estimate the prevalence of, and factors associated with, abnormal serum cholinesterase (SChE) levels among 

chilli-farm workers in Chatturat District, Chaiyaphum Province. Methods: A total of 350 chilli-farm workers aged 18-60 yr were 

randomly sampled and interviewed. A reactive-paper finger-blood test was used to assess SChE levels. Results: The 

prevalence of abnormal SChE levels was 32.0%. The most common pesticide-related symptoms were dizziness (38.0%), 

headache (30.9%), nausea/vomiting (26.9%), and fever (26.9%). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed 7 factors were 

independently associated with abnormal SChE level: male gender, single/separated/divorced, being a permanent worker, 

spraying pesticide more than 3 times per month, having moderate or poor pesticide-use behaviors, and low perceived 

susceptibility and severity of pesticide use. Conclusions: The prevalence of abnormal SChE levels among chilli-farm workers 

was quite high. It would be beneficial to decrease pesticide use and encourage alternative measures. Effective preventive 

interventions to increase correct perceptions of pesticide use, the use of personal protective measures and continuing 

monitoring for blood cholinesterase, especially for male permanent farm workers, are recommended. 

No.471 

Author (s) : Kaensaksiri, T.; Soontornchainaksaeng, P.; Soonthornchareonnon, N.; Prathanturarug, S. 

Title : Mutational breeding of Centella asiatica (L.) urban for medicinal purposes 





No.472 

Author (s) : Kaeoket, K., Chanapiwat, P., Tummaruk, P., Techakumphu, M. 

Title : Supplemental effect of varying L-cysteine concentrations on the quality of cryopreserved boar semen 

Source : Asian Journal of Andrology, Volume 12, Issue 5, September 2010, Pages 760-765 


Keywords : antioxidant; boar semen; cryopreservation; L-cysteine 

Abstract : Cryopreservation is associated with the production of reactive oxygen species, which leads to lipid peroxidation of the sperm 

membrane and consequently a reduction in sperm motility and decreased fertility potential. The aim of this study was to 

determine the optimal concentration of L-cysteine needed for cryopreservation of boar semen. Twelve boars provided 

semen of proven motility and morphology for this study. The semen was divided into four portions in which the lactose-egg 

yolk (LEY) extender used to resuspend the centrifuged sperm pellet was supplemented with various concentrations of Lcysteine 

to reach 0 mmol L 1 (group I, control), 5 mmol L 1 (group II), 10 mmol L 1 (group III) and 15 mmol L 1 (group IV). 

Semen suspensions were loaded in straws (0.5 mL) and placed in a controlled-rate freezer. After cryopreservation, frozen 

semen samples were thawed and investigated for progressive motility, viability using SYBR-14/EthD-1 staining and acrosome 

integrity using FITC-PNA/EthD-1 staining. There was a significantly higher (P


a biphasic effect of L-cysteine, with the highest percentage of progressive motility, viability and acrosomal integrity in group III. 

In conclusion, 5 or 10 mmol L 1 was the optimum concentration of L-cysteine to be added to the LEY extender for improving 

the quality of frozen-thawed boar semen. © 2010 AJA, SIMM & SJTU All rights reserved. 

No.473 

Author (s) : Kaeoket, K., Sang-urai, P., Thamniyom, A., Chanapiwat, P., Techakumphu, M. 

Title : Effect of docosahexaenoic acid on quality of cryopreserved boar semen in different breeds 

Source : Reproduction in Domestic Animals, Volume 45, Issue 3, June 2010, Pages 458-463 


Keywords : docosahexaenoic acid, fish oil; acrosome, animal, animal disease, article, cell membrane, cell survival, congenital 

malformation, cryopreservation, male, methodology, physiology, species difference, sperm, sperm 

preservation, spermatozoon, spermatozoon motility, swine, ultrastructure; Acrosome, Animals, Cell Membrane, Cell 

Survival, Cryopreservation, Docosahexaenoic Acids, Fish Oils, Male, Semen, Semen Preservation, Species Specificity, Sperm 

Motility, Spermatozoa, Swine; Suidae 

Abstract : Contents: During the cryopreservation process, the level of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially docosahexaenoic acid 

(DHA), in the sperm plasma membrane decreases significantly because of lipid peroxidation, which may contribute to sperm 

loss quality (i.e. fertility) of frozen-thawed semen. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of supplementation of 

DHA (fish oil) in freezing extender II on frozen-thawed semen quality. Semen from 20 boars of proven motility and 

morphology, were used in this study. Boar semen was split into four groups, in which the lactose-egg yolk (LEY) extender used 

to resuspend the centrifuged sperm pellet was supplemented with various levels of fish oil to reach DHA level of 1X (group I, 

control, no added fish oil), 6X (group II), 12X (group III) and 18X (group IV). Semen solutions were frozen by using a controlled 

rate freezer. After cryopreservation, frozen semen was thawed and evaluated for progressive motility, viability by using SYBR- 

14/Ethidiumhomodimer-1 (EthD-1) staining and acrosome integrity by using FITC-PNA/EthD-1 staining. There was a significantly 

higher (p. < 0.001) percentage of progressive motility, viability and acrosome integrity in DHA (fish oil) supplemented groups 

than control group. Generally, there seemed to be a dose-dependent effect of DHA, with the highest percentage of 

progressive motility, viability and acrosome integrity in group-III. In conclusion, supplementation of the LEY extender with DHA 

by adding fish oil was effective for freezing boar semen as it resulted in higher post-thaw plasma membrane integrity and 

progressive motility. © 2008 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2008 Blackwell Verlag. 

No.474 

Author (s) : Kaeoket, K., Srisowanna, T., Wichaidit, U., Chanapiwat, P., Manee-in, S. 

Title : Comparative study on six different long term commercial extenders for fresh boar semen 



Keywords : Acrosome integrity; Boar; Long term extenders; Motility; Viability 

Abstract : In Thailand, there are numerous commercial extenders for preservation of boar semen; however, no study has been carried 

out to compare these extenders in view of maintaining of sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity 

during cold storage. The aim of this study was to assess the percentage of sperm motility, HOST positive, viability and 

acrosome integrity of boar spermatozoa extended in Merck-III, Androstar®Plus, ModenaTM, NUTRIXcell®, VITASEM LD, 

Duragen and Dofu goldTM. Ejaculated from boars (n=6, one ejaculate from each boar) were collected and sub-samples 

(splited samples) were diluted (3 × 109 spermatozoa/100 ml) in the different extenders and stored for 10 days at 18°C. On 

every second day (days 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10) after storage, the sperm parameters such as sperm motility, HOST positive, viability 

and acrosome integrity were evaluated. There were significant differences in characteristic of sperm motility and acrosome 

integrity between extenders. For instance, on day 4, Merck III (short term extender) and other long term extenders are able to 

maintain the semen qualities as claimed by the manufacturing. On day 8, the percentages of sperm motility, viability and 

acrosome integrity were highest (p< 0.01) in Androstar®Plus (72%) and ModenaTM (75%), Androstar®Plus (67%) and 

ModenaTM (65.6%), and Androstar®Plus (74.6%), Duragen (72.4%) and VITASEM LD (71.6%), respectively. In conclusion, 

changes in motility, viability and acrosome integrity during storage were affected by the extender utilized, however long term 

extenders maintained a high percentage (70%) of sperm motility (i.e. Androstar®Plus, ModenaTM and Duragen) and acrosome 

integrity (i.e. Androstar®Plus, VITASEM LD and Duragen) through 8 days of storage. 

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No.475 

Author (s) : Kaewboonchoo, O., Morioka, I., Saleekul, S., Miyai, N., Chaikittiporn, C., Kawai, T. 

Title : Blood lead level and cardiovascular risk factors among bus drivers in Bangkok, Thailand 

Source : Industrial Health, Volume 48, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 61-65 


Keywords : Blood lead; Bus drivers; Cardiovascular system; Risk factor; SDPTG 

Abstract : This study aimed to clarify the role of blood lead level (Pb-B) as one of the cardiovascular risk factors. To evaluate the 

cardiovascular risk the second derivative finger photoplethysmogram (SDPTG) was used. The subjects comprised of 420 male 

bus drivers in Thailand. The subjects' age ranged from 20 to 60 yr. Mean age (± standard deviation) were 41.6 (± 7.7) yr. Mean 

working years was 8.8 (± 6.8) yr. Pb-B ranged from 2.5 to 16.2 μg/dl with the mean Pb-B of 6.3 (± 2.2) μg/dl. The mean of 

aging index of SDPTG (SDPTG-AI) were -0.50 (± 0.30). The SDPTG-AI increases with age, Pb-B, smoking and alcohol 

consumption. There was significant correlation between Pb-B and SDPTG-AI after controlling for age, body mass index and 

lifestyle factors. These results suggest that Pb-B is possibly an independent cardiovascular risk factor for bus drivers exposed 

to lower level of lead. 

No.476 

Author (s) : Kaewkhomdee, N., Mounicou, S., Szpunar, J., Lobinski, R., Shiowatana, J. 

Title : Characterization of binding and bioaccessibility of Cr in Cr-enriched yeast by sequential extraction followed by twodimensional 

liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection 

Source : Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Volume 396, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 1355-1364 


Keywords : Chromium; Speciation; Yeast 

Abstract : Sequential extraction (water, Driselase, protease XIV) and extraction with simulated gastric and intestinal fluids were proposed 

to characterize the binding and the bioaccessibility of chromium in two commercial food supplements obtained by 

incorporation of this element into yeast. Chromium in Cr-enriched yeast was found to be hardly extractable with water, 

Driselase, or simulated gastric fluid (recoveries of approximately 10-20%), but proteolysis or gastrointestinal fluid digestion 

released more than half of the chromium present. Fractionation with size-exclusion chromatography with Cr-specific 

detection by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP MS) allowed the distinction of two fractions: one below 

approximately 1 kDa and one 1-5 kDa; they contained the entirety of the released Cr with proportions varying as a function of 

the extracting solution and the origin of sample. When collected and investigated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid 

chromatography-ICP MS, the low molecular mass fraction was found to release Cr(III), whereas the heavier one showed most 

of Cr bound in fairly stable hydrophobic complexes. However, an attempt of their identification by electrospray ionization 

MS/MS and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization MS was not successful. © 2009 Springer-Verlag. 

No.477 

Author (s) : Kaewkhong, K., Mazzolini, A., Emarat, N., Arayathanitkul, K. 

Title : Thai high-school students' misconceptions about and models of light refraction through a planar surface 

Source : Physics Education, Volume 45, Issue 1, 2010, Article number 012, Pages 97-107 



Abstract : This article investigates the optics misconceptions of 220 year 11 Thai high-school students. These misconceptions became 

apparent when the students attempted to explain how an object submerged in a water tank is 'seen' by an observer looking 

into the tank from above and at an angle. The two diagnostic questions used in the study probe the students' ability to use a 

ray diagram to explain the relationship between object, image and observer, and then to use the ray diagram to qualitatively 

determine the position of the image. The study indicates that these high-school students, even after instruction, had 

significant misconceptions about the direction of propagation of light, how light refracts at an interface, and how to determine 

the position of an image. The study revealed that students used various concept models to explain how the object can be 

'seen' in this situation. Only 22% of all students had a qualitative understanding of how to use a ray diagram to determine 

image position, and only 1 of 220 students could identify the correct image position using correct reasoning. Our results 

indicate that students require very careful instruction if they are to understand how objects are 'seen' and how images are 

formed when light refracts through a planar surface. © 2010 IOP Publishing Ltd. 

176


No.478 

Author (s) : Kaewkungwal, J., Singhasivanon, P., Khamsiriwatchara, A., Sawang, S., Meankaew, P., Wechsart, A. 

Title : Application of smart phone in "better Border Healthcare Program": A module for mother and child care 

Source : BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, Volume 10, Issue 1, 2010, Article number 69 



Abstract : Background. To assess the application of cell phone integrating into the healthcare system to improve antenatal care (ANC) 

and expanded programme on immunization (EPI) services for the under-served population in border area. Methods. A module 

combining web-based and mobile technology was developed to generate ANC/EPI visit schedule dates in which the 

healthcare personnel can cross-check, identify and update the mother's ANC and child's EPI status at the healthcare facility or 

at the household location when performing home visit; with additional feature of sending appointment reminder directly to 

the scheduled mother in the community. Results. The module improved ANC/EPI coverage in the study area along the 

country border including for both Thai and non-Thai mothers and children who were either permanent resident or migrants; 

numbers of ANC and EPI visit on-time as per schedule significantly increased; there was less delay of antenatal visits and 

immunizations. Conclusions. The module integrated and functioned successfully as part of the healthcare system; it is proved 

for its feasibility and the extent to which community healthcare personnel in the low resource setting could efficiently utilize 

it to perform their duties. © 2010 Kaewkungwal et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.479 

Author (s) : Kaewkungwal, J.; Pitisuttithum, P.; Nitayapan, S.; Stablein, D.; Chiu, J.; Benenson, M.; Kim, J.; Robb, M.; Michael, N.; Rerks-Ngarm, 

S. 

Title : Exploratory Age-stratified Analysis of Risk-taking Behaviors and Trial Participation Outcomes in the Thai Phase III HIV Vaccine 

Trial 





No.480 

Author (s) : Kaewphinit, T., Santiwatanakul, S., Promptmas, C., Chansiri, K. 

Title : Detection of non-amplified Mycobacterium tuberculosis genomic DNA using piezoelectric DNA-based biosensors 

Source : Sensors, Volume 10, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 1846-1858 


Keywords : Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Non-amplified genomic DNA; Piezoelectric biosensor 

Abstract : Piezoelectric DNA-based biosensor technology was developed as a new method for detection of M. tuberculosis. This 

method consists of immobilizing a thiol-modified oligonucleotide probe on the gold electrode surface of a quartz crystal, 

using a selfassembled monolayer method. The advantage of this study is that a non-amplified genomic bacterial DNA target 

was used. Instead, the genomic DNA was digested by restriction enzyme to obtain DNA fragments containing the target 

sequence. The fabricated biosensor was evaluated through an examination of 200 samples. No cross hybridization were 

observed against M. avium complex and other microorganisms. This target DNA preparation, without PCR amplification, will 

reduce time, costs, and the tedious step of amplification. © 2010 by the authors. 

No.481 

Author (s) : Kaewpongsri, S., Sukasem, C., Srichunrusami, C., Pasomsub, E., Zwang, J., Pairoj, W., Chantratita, W. 

Title : An integrated bioinformatics approach to the characterization of influenza A/H5N1 viral sequences by microarray data: 

Implication for monitoring H5N1 emerging strains and designing appropriate influenza vaccines 

Source : Molecular and Cellular Probes, Volume 24, Issue 6, December 2010, Pages 387-395 


Keywords : Avian influenza; H5N1 virus; Microarray; Semi-conducted-based oligonucleotide 

Abstract : In order to characterize A/H5N1 viral sequences, a bioinformatics approach accurately identified viral sequences from 

discovery of a sequence signature, which provided enough distinctive information for sequence identification. Eight highly 

pathogenic H5N1 viral isolations were collected from different areas of Thailand between 2003 and 2006, and were used for 

177


analysis of H5N1 genotypic testing with a semiconductor-based oligonucleotide microarray. All H5N1 samples and H1N1, H4N8 

negative controls were correctly subtyped. Sensitivity of the eight oligonucleotide probes, with optimized cut-offs, ranged 

from 70% (95% CI 65-75) to 87% (95% CI 84-91), and the corresponding Kappa values ranged from 0.76 (95% CI 0.72-0.80) to 

0.86 (95% CI 0.83-0.89). Semi-conductor-based oligonucleotide array and oligonucleotide probes corresponded well when 

detecting H5N1. After fully correcting the subtype from the result of microarray signal intensity, the microarray output method 

combined with bioinformatics tools, identified and monitored genetic variations of H5N1. Capability of distinguishing different 

strains of H5N1 from Thailand was the outstanding feature of this assay. Ninety percent of HA and NA (4/5) genes were 

sequenced correctly, in accordance with previous examinations performed by classical diagnostic methods. The low-mediumhigh 

bioinformatics resolutions were able to predict an epidemic strain of H5N1. This study also showed the advantage of 

using a large genotypic database to predict the epidemic strain of H5N1. However, the monitoring protocol of this new strain 

has been recommended for further study with a large-scale sample. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. 

No.482 

Author (s) : Kaewsaneha, C., Opaprakasit, P., Polpanich, D., Smanmoo, S., Tangboriboonrat, P. 

Title : Composite particles of disinfectant nanocapsules-skim rubber latex 

Source : International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization, Volume 15, Issue 8, November 2010, Pages 524-535 


Keywords : Composites; Core-shell polymers; Nanoparticle; Rubber; Surfactants 

Abstract : Skim latex, a by-product of natural rubber latex, was prevulcanized by sulfur and then used in the preparation of composite 

particles with disinfectant nanocapsules. Each polymeric nanocapsule contained chlorhexidine digluconate (CHD) as a 

disinfectant agent encapsulated with poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA) as a shell. The driving force for the heterocoagulation of 

CHD-PMA nanocapsule and sulfur-prevulcanized skim (SPVS) particle was the electrostatic interaction between the positive 

charge of lecithin residing on the surface of the nanocapsule and the negative charge from the indigenous surfactant (proteinlipid) 

and/or from sodium dodecyl sulfate on the surface of the SPVS latex particle. The zeta potential and morphology of 

heterocoagulated particles indicated the formation of the CHD-PM A/SPVS composite particles. Structures and formation 

mechanisms of the composite particles with different blend ratios were revealed by depth profiling confocal Raman spectra. 

© Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. 

No.483 

Author (s) : Kaewsaneha, C., Tangboriboonrat, P., Polpanich, D., Smanmoo, S. 

Title : Preparation of core-shell particle of disinfectant agent nanocapsules-skim rubber particles by the heterocoagulation 

technique 

Source : Macromolecular Research, Volume 18, Issue 9, September 2010, Pages 876-883 


Keywords : Capsule; Composite; Heterocoagulation; Nanoparticle; Skim 

Abstract : Sulphur-prevulcanised skim (SPVS) rubber particles were heterocoagulated on an aggregate of a disinfectant agent 

(chlorhexidine digluconate; CHD)-poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA) nanocapsules. The CHD-PMA nanocapsule stabilized by lecithin 

was prepared using the modified nanoprecipitation of PMA from an organic continuous phase onto nanodroplet containing 

the CHD aqueous solution. Cationic and anionic nanocapsules were produced by separately redispersing the nanocapsules 

into a water and 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) aqueous solution, respectively. The largest aggregate, which was 

obtained from homocoagulation of the CHD-PMA nanocapsules with opposite charges, was selected as a core surrounded 

with SPVS shell particles. An interpolymer complex between poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) moieties adsorbed on the aggregate 

and indigenous surfactant (proteinlipid) and/or SDS on the SPVS particle surface was the driving force for heterocoagulation. 

Data from the size, zeta potential measurements and TEM images of the heterocoagulated CHD-PMA/SPVS indicated the 

composite particle containing the CHD-PMA core. 

No.484 

Author (s) : Kaewsuwan, S., Bunyapraphatsara, N., Cove, D.J., Quatrano, R.S., Chodok, P. 

Title : High level production of adrenic acid in Physcomitrella patens using the algae Pavlova sp. ∆5-elongase gene 

Source : Bioresource Technology, Volume 101, Issue 11, June 2010, Pages 4081-4088 


Keywords : ∆5-Elongase; Adrenic acid; Pavlova sp.; Physcomitrella patens; Response surface methodology 

178


Abstract : Adrenic acid (ADA), an ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), has attracted much interest due to its pharmaceutical 

potential. Exploiting the wealth of information currently available on in planta oil biosynthesis, and coupling this information 

with the tool of genetic engineering, it is now feasible to deliberately alter fatty acid biosynthetic pathways to generate 

unique oils in commodity crops. In this study, a ∆5-elongase gene from the algae Pavlova sp. related to the biosynthesis of 

C22 PUFAs was targeted to enable production of ADA in the moss Physcomitrella patens. Heterologous expression of this 

gene was under the control of a tandemly duplicate 35S promoter. It was established that ADA (0.42 mg/l) was synthesized in 

P. patens from endogenous arachidonic acid (ARA) via the expressed Pavlova sp. ∆5-elongase in the moss. In an attempt to 

maximize ADA production, medium optimization was effected by the response surface methodology (RSM), resulting in a 

significant elevation of ADA (4.51 mg/l) production under optimum conditions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first 

study describing the expression of a PUFA synthesizing enzyme in non-seed lower plant without supplying the exogenous 

fatty acid. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.485 

Author (s) : Kalong, M., Ngamsuriyaroj, S., Visoottiviseth, V. 

Title : Dynamic key management for secure continuous handoff in wireless LAN 

Source : 2010 6th IEEE Workshop on Secure Network Protocols, NPSec 2010, 2010, Article number 5634455, Pages 7-12 


Keywords : IEEE802.11i; Key distribution; Key management; Secure roaming; Wireless security 

Abstract : The secure dynamic key management has been introduced in the wireless security standard, IEEE802.11i. However, dynamic 

keys are very limited and their lifetime is very short. In addition, those keys must be initialized by a central authority before 

sending them to all communicating hosts, and the key must be renewed after every single use. This paper proposes a novel 

dynamic key management mechanism in wireless networks for fast authentication and secure continuous roaming. Our work 

focuses on generating session keys independently after the first pair-wise session key has been established between a mobile 

node and the home access point. The OMNet++ network simulator is used for performance evaluation. The roaming 

performance is measured using three scenarios having different parameters including moving speed, background workload, 

and client density. The experimental results show that our proposed work outperforms the standard IEEE802.11i and gives 

high scalability as well. ©2010 IEEE. 

No.486 

Author (s) : Kalpravidh, R.W., Siritanaratkul, N., Insain, P., Charoensakdi, R., Panichkul, N., Hatairaktham, S., Srichairatanakool, S., 

Phisalaphong, C., Rachmilewitz, E., Fucharoen, S. 

Title : Improvement in oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters in β-thalassemia/Hb E patients treated with curcuminoids 

Source : Clinical Biochemistry, Volume 43, Issue 4-5, March 2010, Pages 424-429 


Keywords : β-thalassemia/Hb E; Antioxidant; Antioxidant enzymes; Curcuminoids; Oxidative stress 

Abstract : Objectives: To evaluate the hematological profile, oxidative stress, and antioxidant parameters in β-thalassemia/Hb E patients 

treated with curcuminoids for 12 months. Design and methods: Twenty-one β-thalassemia/Hb E patients were given 2 

capsules of 250 mg each of curcuminoids (a total of 500 mg) daily for 12 months. Blood was collected every 2 months during 

treatment and 3 months after withdrawal and was determined for complete blood count, malonyldialdehyde (MDA), 

superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), reduced glutathione (GSH) in red blood cells (RBC), and nontransferrin 

bound iron (NTBI) in serum. Results: The increased oxidative stress in β-thalassemia/Hb E patients was shown by 

higher levels of MDA, SOD, GSH-Px in RBC, serum NTBI, and lower level of RBC GSH. Curcuminoids administration resulted in 

improvement of all the measured parameters as long as they were administered. After 3 months withdrawal of treatment, all 

parameters returned close to baseline levels. Conclusion: Curcuminoids may be used to ameliorate oxidative damage in 

patients with β-thalassemia/Hb E disease. © 2009 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. 

No.487 

Author (s) : Kamanamool, N., McEvoy, M., Attia, J., Ingsathit, A., Ngamjanyaporn, P., Thakkinstian, A. 

Title : Efficacy and adverse events of mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclophosphamide for induction therapy of lupus nephritis: 

Systematic review and meta-analysis 

Source : Medicine, Volume 89, Issue 4, July 2010, Pages 227-235 


179


Keywords : albumin, corticosteroid, creatinine, cyclophosphamide, mycophenolic acid 2 morpholinoethyl ester; clinical trial, controlled 

clinical trial, creatinine blood level, drug efficacy, drug safety, drug withdrawal, gastrointestinal 

symptom, human, infection, kidney function, leukopenia, lupus erythematosus nephritis, meta analysis, priority 

journal, protein urine level, randomized controlled trial, remission, review, systematic review, treatment outcome; 

Cyclophosphamide, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents, Lupus Nephritis, Mycophenolic Acid, Randomized Controlled Trials 

as Topic, Risk Assessment, Treatment Outcome 

Abstract : We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to compare complete remission and 

adverse events (that is, infection, leukopenia, and gastrointestinal [GI] symptoms) between mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and 

cyclophosphamide (CYC) for the treatment of lupus nephritis (LN). We identified trials from MEDLINE using the PubMed and 

Ovid search engines, and from The Cochrane Central Register of Randomized Controlled Trials. Eligible studies were 

randomized controlled trials comparing MMF with CYC with 1 of following outcomes: complete remission, complete/partial 

remission, infection, leukopenia, GI symptoms, serum creatinine, 24-hour urine protein, and urine albumin. Data were 

independently extracted by 2 reviewers. Five trials with a total of 638 patients were eligible for review. While the MMF group 

tended to achieve complete remission more frequently than the CYC group, this was not significant (pooled risk ratio [RR], 

1.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.87-2.93). Pooling based on the 4 homogeneous trials yielded similar results-that is, no 

benefit of MMF compared with CYC groups (RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.74-1.77). The complete or partial remission rates were also not 

different (pooled RR, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.97-1.48) among the groups. The adverse events (infection, renal function, and GI 

symptoms) were not significantly different, except for leukopenia, which was lower in the MMF group.In summary, patients 

treated with MMF and CYC had similar remission rates, but the MMF group had less frequent leukopenia than the CYC group. 

Further large-scale trials are needed to confirm these results. © 2010 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 

No.488 

Author (s) : Kambutong, S., Kuhakarn, C., Tuchinda, P., Pohmakotr, M. 

Title : Synthesis of (+)-4-Desoxypentenomycin and Analogues 

Source : SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART, Issue: 9, Pages: 1453-1458, DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1218690, Published: MAY 2010 


Keywords : oxygenated cyclopentenones; desoxycyclopentenones; alpha-sulfinyl carbanions; cyclizations; asymmetric synthesis 

Abstract : A synthesis of (+)-4-desoxypentenomycin is reported here; it involves diastereoselective phenylsulfanylpropylation of an 

enolate anion derived from methyl (2R,5R,6R)-5,6-dimethoxy-5,6-dimethyl[1,4]dioxane-2-carboxylate, obtained from Dmannitol, 

and is followed by sulfide oxidation, intramolecular acylation of the alpha-sulfinyl carbanion, sulfoxide elimination, 

and hydrolysis. Straightforward access to substituted analogues of (+)-4-desoxypentenomycin was also demonstrated by 

means of Suzuki-Miyaura, Sonogashira, and Heck coupling reactions. 

No.489 

Author (s) : Kamlangkla, K., Paosawatyanyong, B., Pavarajarn, V., Hodak, J.H., Hodak, S.K. 

Title : Mechanical strength and hydrophobicity of cotton fabric after SF6 plasma treatment 

Source : Applied Surface Science, Volume 256, Issue 20, 1 August 2010, Pages 5888-5897 


Keywords : Cotton; Mechanical properties; Plasma processing 

Abstract : Surface treatments to tailor fabric properties are in high demand by the modern garment industry. We studied the effect of 

radio-frequency inductively coupled SF6 plasma on the surface characteristics of cotton fabric. The duration of the treatment 

and the SF6 pressure were varied systematically. We measured the hydrophobicity of treated cotton as a function of storage 

time and washing cycles. We used the weight loss (%) along with the etching rate, the tensile strength, the morphology 

changes and the hydrophobicity of the fabric as observables after treatments with different plasma conditions. The weight 

loss remains below 1% but it significantly increases when the treatment time is longer than 5 min. Substantial changes in the 

surface morphology of the fiber are concomitant with the increased etching rate and increased weight loss with measurable 

consequences in their mechanical characteristics. The measured water absorption time reaches the maximum of 210 min 

when the SF6 pressure is higher than 0.3 Torr. The water contact angle (149 °) and the absorption time (210 min) of cotton 

treated with extreme conditions appear to be durable as long as the fabric is not washed. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 

analysis reveals that the water absorption time of the fabric follows the same increasing trend as the fluorine/carbon ratio at 

the fabric surface and atom density of fluorine measured by Ar actinometer. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

180


No.490 

Author (s) : Kamphunthong, W., Sirisinha, K. 

Title : Thermal property improvement of ethylene-octene copolymer through the combined introduction of filler and silane 

crosslink 

Source : Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Volume 115, Issue 1, 5 January 2010, Pages 424-430 


Keywords : Composites; Crosslinking; Mechanical properties; Thermal properties 

Abstract : In many applications, e.g., wire and cable insulation, hot water pipe, high-temperature properties of polymer are essential. 

This article presents the use of silane crosslinking together with the addition of particular filler in improving the thermal and 

mechanical properties of ethylene-octene copolymer (EOC). The effects of filler surface characteristics on siloxane network 

structure developed and final properties of the crosslinked products are discussed. The results show an increase in the 

decomposition temperature of EOC more than 50°C after modification. Only crosslinked composites are able to withstand the 

hightemperature environment of aging test which is beyond the melting temperature of the matrix polymer. The crosslinked 

composites filled with calcium carbonate show superior properties to those with silica, due to a higher crosslink density and 

tighter network structure formed. The silane coupling mechanism and the presence of bound polymer on silica surfaces 

cause difficulties for the crosslink formation in the silica filled systems. However, an advantageous influence of both silane 

coupling and crosslink reaction in the silica filled composites is seen on the enhanced tensile strength and modulus of the 

materials. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 

No.491 

Author (s) : Kananthai, A., Bunpog, C. 

Title : On the delta hedging related to the eigenvalues and the interest rate of the black-scholes equation 



Keywords : Black-Scholes equation; Delta hedging 

Abstract : In this article, we study the delta hedging which is another way of minimizing the risk of investment. We can relate the delta 

hedging to the eigenvalues and the interest rate of the Black-Scholes equation. We found that such delta hedging depending 

on the relationship between the eigenvalues and the interest rate. We also found that the asymptotic form of the delta 

hedging related to the price of stock. Moreover, the results of this paper may not be useful in the real world application. But 

at least this paper may create the new results in the mathematical area which applying in the Financial Mathematics. © 2010 

Academic Publications. 

No.492 

Author (s) : Kang, C.-I., Song, J.-H., Chung, D.R., Peck, K.R., Ko, K.S., Yeom, J.-S., Kim, S.-W., Chang, H.-H., Kim, Y.-S., Jung, S.-I., Son, J.S., 

Hsueh, P.-R., So, T.M.K., Lalitha, M.K., Yang, Y., Huang, S.-G., Wang, H., Lu, Q., Carlos, C.C., Perera, J.A., Chiu, C.-H., Liu, J.-W., 

Chongthaleong, A., Thamlikitkul, V., Van Pham, H. 

Title : Clinical impact of methicillin resistance on outcome of patients with Staphylococcus aureus infection: A stratified analysis 

according to underlying diseases and sites of infection in a large prospective cohort 

Source : Journal of Infection, Volume 61, Issue 4, October 2010, Pages 299-306 


Keywords : Infection; Methicillin resistance; Risk factors; Staphylococcus aureus; Treatment outcome 

Abstract : Objective: This study was conducted to identify the predictors of mortality and to evaluate the impact of methicillin 

resistance on outcome in patients with . Staphylococcus aureus infection according to underlying conditions and type of 

infection. Methods: An observational cohort study including 4949 patients with . S. aureus infection was conducted. We 

compared data from patients with MRSA infection with those with MSSA infection. Results: The 30-day mortality rate of MRSA 

group was significantly higher than that of MSSA group (15.6% vs. 6.2%, . P < 0.001). However, MRSA infection was not found 

to be independent risk factor for mortality after adjusting for other variables (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.80-1.32). When we 

analyzed patients with . S. aureus bacteremia (n = 709), MRSA infection was found to be significantly associated with mortality 

in multivariate analysis (Adjusted OR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.15-2.49). When the 30-day mortality rates were compared according 

to underlying diseases, the 30-day mortality rate of MRSA group was significantly higher than that of MSSA group in patients 

with malignancy or renal diseases. MRSA infection was also found to be one of the independent risk factors for mortality in 

patients with malignancy (adjusted OR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.06-2.70) and in those with renal disease (adjusted OR = 1.70, 95% CI 

181


= 1.0-2.89), after adjustment for host variables. Conclusions: Methicillin resistance adversely affected the outcome of patients 

with . S. aureus infection, in patients with cancer or renal disease and in those with . S. aureus bacteremia, although MRSA 

infection was not found to be significantly associated with higher mortality in overall patient population. © 2010 The British 

Infection Society. 

No.493 

Author (s) : Kangwanariyakul, Y., Nantasenamat, C., Tantimongcolwat, T., Naenna, T. 

Title : Data mining of magnetocardiograms for prediction of ischemic heart disease 



Keywords : Back-propagation neural network; Bayesian Neural network; Data mining; Ischemia; Magnetocardiography; Probabilistic 

Neural network; Support vector machine 

Abstract : Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) is a major cause of death. Early and accurate detection of IHD along with rapid diagnosis are 

important for reducing the mortality rate. Magnetocardiogram (MCG) is a tool for detecting electro-physiological activity of the 

myocardium. MCG is a fully non-contact method, which avoids the problems of skin-electrode contact in the 

Electrocardiogram (ECG) method. However, the interpretation of MCG recordings is time-consuming and requires analysis by 

an expert. Therefore, we propose the use of machine learning for identification of IHD patients. Back-propagation neural 

network (BPNN), the Bayesian neural network (BNN), the probabilistic neural network (PNN) and the support vector machine 

(SVM) were applied to develop classification models for identifying IHD patients. MCG data was acquired by sequential 

measurement, above the torso, of the magnetic field emitted by the myocardium using a J-T interval of 125 cases. The 

training and validation data of 74 cases employed 10-fold cross-validation methods to optimize support vector machine and 

neural network parameters. The predictive performance was assessed on the testing data of 51 cases using the following 

metrics: accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The results 

demonstrated that both BPNN and BNN displayed the highest and the same level of accuracy at 78.43%. Furthermore, the 

decision threshold and the area under the ROC curve was -0.2774 and 0.9059, respectively, for BPNN and 0.0470 and 0.8495, 

respectively, for BNN. This indicated that BPNN was the best classification model, BNN was the best performing model with 

sensitivity of 96.65%, and SVM employing the radial basis function kernel displayed the highest specificity of 86.36%. 

No.494 

Author (s) : Kanitvittaya, S., Suksai, U., Suksripanich, O., Pobkeeree, V. 

Title : Laboratory quality improvement in Thailand's northernmost provinces 

Source : International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, Volume 23, Issue 1, 1 January 2010, Pages 22-34 


Keywords : Assessment; Laboratories; Quality; Standards; Thailand 

Abstract : Purpose: In Thailand nearly 1,000 public health laboratories serve 65 million people. A qualified indicator of a good quality 

laboratory is Thailand Medical Technology Council certification. Consequently, Chiang Rai Regional Medical Sciences Center 

established a development program for laboratory certification for 29 laboratories in the province. This paper seeks to 

examine this issue. Design/methodology/approach: The goal was to improve laboratory service quality by voluntary 

participation, peer review, training and compliance with standards. The program consisted of specific activities. Training and 

workshops to update laboratory staffs' quality management knowledge were organized. Staff in each laboratory performed a 

self-assessment using a standard check-list to evaluate ten laboratory management areas. Chiang Rai Regional Medical 

Sciences Center staff supported the distribution of quality materials and documents. They provided calibration services for 

laboratory equipment. Peer groups performed an internal audit and successful laboratories received Thailand Medical 

Technology Council certification. Findings: By December 2007, eight of the 29 laboratories had improved quality sufficiently to 

be certified. Factors that influenced laboratories' readiness for quality improvement included the number of staff, their 

knowledge, budget and staff commitment to the process. Moreover, the support of each hospital's laboratory working group 

or network was essential for success. Research limitations/implications: There was no clear policy for supporting the program. 

Laboratories voluntarily conducted quality management using existing resources. Practical implications: A bottom-up 

approach to this kind of project can be difficult to accomplish. Laboratory professionals can work together to illustrate and 

highlight outcomes for top-level health officials. A top-down, practical approach would be much less difficult to implement. 

Originality/value: Quality certification is a critical step for laboratory staff, which also encourages them to aspire to 

182


international quality standards like ISO. The certification program is an important mechanism for addressing inadequate 

knowledge, budget, planning, policy and staff required to improve laboratory services. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited. 

No.495 

Author (s) : Kanjun, K.; Uawithya, P. 

Title : EXPRESSION OF RECOMBINANT AQUAPORIN 4 PROTEIN FOR DETECTION OF ANTI-AQUAPORIN 4 IN NEUROMYELITIS OPTICA 

DISEASE 





No.496 

Author (s) : Kankaew, P., Leemingsawat, S., Apiwathnasorn, C., Thongrungkiat, S., Ponlawat, A. 

Title : DISTRIBUTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ANOPHELES BARBIROSTRIS/CAMPESTRIS AT SA KAEO PROVINCE IN THAILAND 






No.497 

Author (s) : Kanlaya, R., Pattanakitsakul, S.-N., Sinchaikul, S., Chen, S.-T., Thongboonkerd, V. 

Title : The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is important for dengue virus infection in primary human endothelial cells 

Source : Journal of Proteome Research, Volume 9, Issue 10, 1 October 2010, Pages 4960-4971 


Keywords : Dengue; proteasome; proteomics; therapeutic targets; ubiquitin 

Abstract : Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) are the most severe forms of dengue virus infection with 

hemorrhage and plasma leakage. However, pathogenic mechanisms of DHF and DSS remain poorly understood. We therefore 

investigated host responses as determined by changes in the cellular proteome of primary human endothelial cells upon 

infection with dengue virus serotype 2 (DEN-2) at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 10 for 24 h. Two-dimensional PAGE and 

quantitative intensity analysis revealed 38 significantly altered protein spots (16 upregulated and 22 downregulated) in DEN-2infected 

cells compared to mock controls. These altered proteins were successfully identified by mass spectrometry, 

including those involved in oxidative stress response, transcription and translation, cytoskeleton assembly, protein 

degradation, cell growth regulation, apoptosis, cellular metabolism, and antiviral response. The proteomic data were 

validated by Western blot analyses [upregulated ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1 (UBE1) and downregulated annexin A2] and 

an immunofluorescence study (upregulated MxA). Interestingly, we found that MxA was colocalized with DEN-2 viral capsid 

protein, strengthening its role as an antiviral protein. Moreover, we also identified upregulation of a proteasome subunit. Our 

functional study revealed the significant role of ubiquitination in dengue infection and UBE1 inhibition by its specific inhibitor 

(UBEI-41) caused a significant reduction in the level of viral protein synthesis and its infectivity. Our findings suggest that 

various biological processes were triggered in response to dengue infection, particularly antiviral IFN and ubiquitin-proteasome 

pathways. © 2010 American Chemical Society. 

No.498 

Author (s) : Kanlaya, R., Pattanakitsakul, S.-N., Sinchaikul, S., Chen, S.-T., Thongboonkerd, V. 

Title : Vimentin interacts with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins and dengue nonstructural protein 1 and is important for 

viral replication and release 

Source : Molecular BioSystems, Volume 6, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 795-806 


Keywords : heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein, vimentin, virus protein; article, cell line, Dengue 

virus, human, immunoprecipitation, metabolism, protein binding, tandem mass spectrometry, two dimensional gel 

electrophoresis; Cell Line, Dengue Virus, Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional, Heterogeneous-Nuclear 

183


Ribonucleoproteins, Humans, Immunoprecipitation, Protein Binding, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Vimentin, Viral Nonstructural 

Proteins; Dengue virus 

Abstract : Our previous study using expression proteomics demonstrated that many proteins, particularly five forms of heterogeneous 

nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs), were up-regulated in human endothelial cells upon dengue virus infection. To address 

functional significance of these proteins in response to dengue virus infection, we performed a functional proteomics study to 

identify hnRNPs-interacting proteins in the infected EA.hy926 cells. Immunoprecipitation followed by 2-D PAGE and mass 

spectrometric analyses revealed 18 and 13 interacting partners of hnRNP C1/C2 and hnRNP K, respectively. Interestingly, 

vimentin was a common partner for both hnRNP C1/C2 and K. The interaction between vimentin and these hnRNPs was 

confirmed by reciprocal immunoprecipitation followed by Western blot analysis and also by double immunofluorescence 

staining. Disruption of vimentin intermediate filament by acrylamide not only dissociated these complexes but also reduced 

nuclear hnRNPs expression, whereas cytosolic hnRNPs expression was unchanged. We also demonstrated that vimentin was 

strongly associated with dengue non-structural protein 1 (NS1). Disruption of vimentin intermediate filament not only 

dissociated this complex but also reduced dengue NS1 expression, as well as viral replication and release. Our data report for 

the first time that vimentin interacts with hnRNPs and dengue NS1, and plays a crucial role in replication and release of 

dengue virus. © 2010 The Royal Society of Chemistry. 

No.499 

Author (s) : Kanlayanaphotporn, R., Chiradejnant, A., Vachalathiti, R. 

Title : Immediate effects of the central posteroanterior mobilization technique on pain and range of motion in patients with 

mechanical neck pain 

Source : Disability and Rehabilitation, Volume 32, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 622-628 


Keywords : Manual therapy; Mobilization; Neck pain 

Abstract : Purpose. To determine the immediate effects of the central posteroanterior (PA) mobilization technique on both pain and 

active cervical range of motion in patients with mechanical neck pain presenting with central or bilateral symptoms. Methods. 

A randomized controlled trial was conducted in 60 patients who were randomly allocated into either 'central PA' or 'random' 

mobilization group. Two physical therapists and one assessor participated. Outcome measures included neck pain at rest, 

pain on the most painful movement, and active cervical range of motion taken before and immediately 5min after the 

mobilization treatment. Results. Significant reductions in pain at rest and on the most painful movement were noted withingroup 

comparisons (p


No.501 

Author (s) : Kantabutra, S. 

Title : Vision effects: A critical gap in educational leadership research 

Source : International Journal of Educational Management, Volume 24, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 376-390 


Keywords : Educational planning and administration; Higher education; Leadership; Performance management 

Abstract : Purpose: Although leaders are widely believed to employ visions, little is known about what constitutes an "effective" vision, 

particularly in the higher education sector. This paper seeks to proposes a research model for examining relationships 

between vision components and performance of higher education institutions, as measured by financial stability, student 

satisfaction and growth, process improvement, and learning and faculty satisfaction. The model proposes that vision 

attributes of brevity, clarity, abstractness, challenge, future orientation, stability, and desirability, and vision content relating to 

financial stability, student satisfaction and growth, process improvement, and learning and faculty satisfaction can affect 

performance through four vision realisation variables. Design/methodology/approach: Based on a critical review of existing 

theoretical concepts and empirical evidence, a new research model, as well as research hypotheses, are developed for future 

research. Findings: With future empirical support, the model will help university and college administrators to effectively 

improve their institutional performance. Originality/value: While vision is core to the prevailing vision-based leadership 

theories, little is theoretically and empirically known about attributes for effective visions, particularly in the education sector. 

The paper proposes a model for future research to fill this gap. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited. 

No.502 

Author (s) : Kantabutra, S., Avery, G.C. 

Title : The power of vision: Statements that resonate 

Source : Journal of Business Strategy, Volume 31, Issue 1, 1 January 2010, Pages 37-45 


Keywords : Leadership; Mission statements; Transformational leadership 

Abstract : Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to identify characteristics of visions that are associated with desirable performance 

outcomes. Design/methodology/approach: The paper examines findings from various vision studies in American, Australian 

and Thai businesses to derive characteristics of effective vision statements. Findings: Effective visions are characterized by 

conciseness, clarity, abstractness, stability, future orientation, challenge and desirability or ability to inspire in Australian, Thai 

and US businesses. Such visions are associated with higher performance outcomes.Originality/valueWhile vision is emphasized 

by authors and consultants as critical to superior performance, little is known about what characterizes effective vision. This 

study uncovers this unknown. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited. 

No.503 

Author (s) : Kantabutra, S., Vimolratana, P. 

Title : Vision-based leaders and their followers in retail stores: Relationships and consequences in Australia 

Source : Journal of Applied Business Research, Volume 26, Issue 6, November 2010, Pages 123-134 


Keywords : Emotions; Followership; Leadership; Motivation; Passion; Vision 

Abstract : Leaders are exhorted to espouse vision, but little is known about how vision is used by leaders in Australian retail stores. The 

present study tested relationships between store manager passion for vision, motivation of staff and use of vision among 

staff, and leadership outcomes of staff and customer satisfaction in Australian apparel retail stores. Stores with vision are 

associated with higher staff satisfaction and more frequent use of vision among staff. Store manager passion directly predicts 

improvements in motivation of staff, use of vision among staff and staff satisfaction. Motivation of staff directly predicts 

enhanced staff satisfaction, while use of vision among staff directly predicts improved staff and customer satisfaction. 

No.504 

Author (s) : Kanthong, N., Khemnu, N., Pattanakitsakul, S.-N., Malasit, P., Flegel, T.W. 

Title : Persistent, triple-virus co-infections in mosquito cells 



185


Keywords : antigen detection, article, cellular distribution, confocal microscopy, Dengue virus, Densovirus, immunocytochemistry, insect 

cell culture, Japanese encephalitis virus, mosquito, nonhuman, persistent virus infection, superinfection, animal, cell 

line, cytology, disease carrier, flow cytometry, pathogenicity, virology, virus infection; Arbovirus, Crustacea, Dengue 

virus, Densovirus, Hexapoda, Japanese encephalitis virus, Parvovirus; Animals, Cell Line, Culicidae, Dengue 

Virus, Densovirus, Encephalitis Virus, Japanese, Flow Cytometry, Insect Vectors, Microscopy, Confocal, Virus Diseases 

Abstract : Background. It is known that insects and crustaceans can carry simultaneous, active infections of two or more viruses without 

showing signs of disease, but it was not clear whether co-infecting viruses occupied the same cells or different cells in 

common target tissues. Our previous work showed that successive challenge of mosquito cell cultures followed by serial, 

split-passage resulted in stabilized cultures with 100% of the cells co-infected with Dengue virus (DEN) and an insect 

parvovirus (densovirus) (DNV). By addition of Japanese encephalitis virus (JE), we tested our hypothesis that stable, persistent, 

triple-virus co-infections could be obtained by the same process. Results. Using immunocytochemistry by confocal 

microscopy, we found that JE super-challenge of cells dually infected with DEN and DNV resulted in stable cultures without 

signs of cytopathology, and with 99% of the cells producing antigens of the 3 viruses. Location of antigens for all 3 viruses in 

the triple co-infections was dominant in the cell nuclei. Except for DNV, this differed from the distribution in cells persistently 

infected with the individual viruses or co-infected with DNV and DEN. The dependence of viral antigen distribution on single 

infection or co-infection status suggested that host cells underwent an adaptive process to accommodate 2 or more viruses. 

Conclusions. Individual mosquito cells can accommodate at least 3 viruses simultaneously in an adaptive manner. The 

phenomenon provides an opportunity for genetic exchange between diverse viruses and it may have important medical and 

veterinary implications for arboviruses. © 2010 Kanthong et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.505 

Author (s) : Kanthong, N., Laosutthipong, C., Flegel, T.W. 

Title : Response to Dengue virus infections altered by cytokine-like substances from mosquito cell cultures 



Keywords : proteinase K, cytokine; apoptosis, article, cell activity, cell culture, cell separation, confocal microscopy, controlled 

study, dengue, Dengue virus 2, immunofluorescence, mosquito, nonhuman, shrimp, supernatant, treatment outcome, virus 

cell interaction, Aedes, animal, cell line, Dengue virus, disease carrier, immunology, physiology, virology; Apis 

mellifera, Crustacea, Decapoda (Crustacea), Dengue virus, Hexapoda; Aedes, Animals, Cell Line, Cytokines, Dengue Virus, Insect 

Vectors 

Abstract : Background. With both shrimp and commercial insects such as honey bees, it is known that stable, persistent viral infections 

characterized by absence of disease can sometimes shift to overt disease states as a result of various stress triggers and that 

this can result in serious economic losses. The main research interest of our group is to understand the dynamics of stable 

viral infections in shrimp and how they can be destabilized by stress. Since there are no continuous cell lines for crustaceans, 

we have used a C6/36 mosquito cell line infected with Dengue virus to test hypotheses regarding these interactions. As a 

result, we accidentally discovered two new cytokine-like substances in 5 kDa extracts from supernatant solutions of acutely 

and persistently infected mosquito cells. Results. Nave C6/36 cells were exposed for 48 h to 5 kDa membrane filtrates 

prepared from the supernatant medium of stable C6/36 mosquito cell cultures persistently-infected with Dengue virus. 

Subsequent challenge of nave cells with a virulent stock of Dengue virus 2 (DEN-2) and analysis by confocal 

immunofluorescence microscopy using anti-DEN-2 antibody revealed a dramatic reduction in the percentage of DEN-2 

infected cells when compared to control cells. Similar filtrates prepared from C6/36 cells with acute DEN-2 infections were 

used to treat stable C6/36 mosquito cell cultures persistently-infected with Dengue virus. Confocal immunofluorescence 

microscopy revealed destabilization in the form of an apoptosis-like response. Proteinase K treatment removed the cellaltering 

activities indicating that they were caused by small polypeptides similar to those previously reported from insects. 

Conclusions. This is the first report of cytokine-like substances that can alter the responses of mosquito cells to Dengue virus. 

This simple model system allows detailed molecular studies on insect cytokine production and on cytokine activity in a 

standard insect cell line. © 2010 Kanthong et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.506 

Author (s) : Kaojarern, S.; Masaya-anon, N.; Pongcharoensuk, P.; Pattanaprateep, O. 

Title : FACTORS INFLUENCED ORAL OXICAM AND COXIBS' EXPENDITURE AT A THAI TEACHING HOSPITAL, FISCAL YEAR 2006-2009 


186





No.507 

Author (s) : Kaojarern, S.; Ongphiphadhanakul, B.; Pattanaprateep, O. 

Title : PATTERN OF LIPID MODIFYING AGENTS PRESCRIPTION AMONG CLUSTERS OF PHYSICIAN IN A THAI TEACHING HOSPITAL, FISCAL 

YEAR 2009 





No.508 

Author (s) : Karema, C., Imwong, M., Fanello, C.I., Stepniewska, K., Uwimana, A., Nakeesathit, S., Dondorp, A., Day, N.P., White, N.J. 

Title : Molecular correlates of high-level antifolate resistance in Rwandan children with Plasmodium falciparum malaria 

Source : Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Volume 54, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 477-483 


Keywords : amodiaquine, amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine pyrimethamine, artesunate plus chlorproguanil plus 

dapsone, pyrimethamine, sulfadoxine, unclassified drug; Africa, antimalarial drug resistance, article, child, clinical 

trial, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, DNA polymorphism, drug efficacy, drug sensitivity, gene, gene frequency, gene 

mutation, haplotype, human, infant, major clinical study, malaria falciparum, multidrug resistance, pfdhfr gene, pfdhps 

gene, Plasmodium falciparum, preschool child, prevalence, priority journal, randomized controlled trial, Rwanda, treatment 

failure; Analysis of Variance, Antimalarials, Child, Child, Preschool, Drug Combinations, Drug Resistance, Folic Acid 

Antagonists, Gene Frequency, Genes, Protozoan, Haplotypes, Humans, Infant, Malaria, Falciparum, Mutation, Plasmodium 

falciparum, Polymorphism, Genetic, Pyrimethamine, Rwanda, Sulfadoxine, Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase 

Abstract : Antifolate drugs have an important role in the treatment of malaria. Polymorphisms in the genes encoding the dihydrofolate 

reductase and dihydropteroate synthetase enzymes cause resistance to the antifol and sulfa drugs, respectively. Rwanda has 

the highest levels of antimalarial drug resistance in Africa. We correlated the efficacy of chlorproguanil-dapsone plus 

artesunate (CPG-DDS+A) and amodiaquine plus sulfadoxinepyrimethamine (AQ+SP) in children with uncomplicated malaria 

caused by Plasmodium falciparum parasites with pfdhfr and pfdhps mutations, which are known to confer reduced drug 

susceptibility, in two areas of Rwanda. In the eastern province, where the cure rates were low, over 75% of isolates had three 

or more pfdhfr mutations and two or three pfdhps mutations and 11% had the pfdhfr 164-Leu polymorphism. In the western 

province, where the cure rates were significantly higher (P < 0.001), the prevalence of multiple resistance mutations was 

lower and the pfdhfr I164L polymorphism was not found. The risk of treatment failure following the administration of AQ+SP 

more than doubled for each additional pfdhfr resistance mutation (odds ratio [OR] = 2.4; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.01 

to 5.55; P = 0.048) and each pfdhps mutation (OR = 2.1; 95% CI = 1.21 to 3.54; P = 0.008). The risk of failure following CPG- 

DDS+A treatment was 2.2 times higher (95% CI = 1.34 to 3.7) for each additional pfdhfr mutation, whereas there was no 

association with mutations in the pfdhps gene (P = 0.13). The pfdhfr 164-Leu polymorphism is prevalent in eastern Rwanda. 

Antimalarial treatments with currently available antifol-sulfa combinations are no longer effective in Rwanda because of highlevel 

resistance. Copyright © 2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 

No.509 

Author (s) : Karoopongse, E., Khuhapinant, A., Auewarakul, C.U. 

Title : A rare occurrence of hairy cell leukemia in the Thai population: a case report. 



Keywords : antineoplastic agent, cyclophosphamide, drug derivative, fludarabine, vidarabine; adult, article, Asian, bone marrow, case 

report, flow cytometry, hairy cell leukemia, human, immunophenotyping, male, pathology, splenectomy, treatment outcome; 

Adult, Antineoplastic Agents, Asian Continental Ancestry Group, Bone Marrow, Cyclophosphamide, Flow 

Cytometry, Humans, Immunophenotyping, Leukemia, Hairy Cell, Male, Splenectomy, Treatment Outcome, Vidarabine 

187


Abstract : Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) has been mainly reported from the Western countries. Herein we describe a case of HCL diagnosed 

in a Thai patient. A 36-year-old man presented with abdominal discomfort, frequent gum bleeding and significant weight loss 

for 2 months. Physical examination revealed moderate anemia, petechial hemorrhage on the extremities and an enlarged 

spleen down to the umbilicus. No hepatomegaly or lymphadenopathy was detected. Complete blood counts revealed a 

hemoglobin (Hb) of 6.6 g/dL, a white blood cell (WBC) count of 1.6 x 10(9)/L (neutrophil 16%, lymphocyte 71%, monocyte 

11%, atypical lymphocyte 1%), and a platelet (PLT) count of 17 x 10(9)/L. Abnormal large mononuclear cells with villous 

projections were seen in the blood smear. Although bone marrow (BM) aspiration resulted in a dry tap, abnormal 

lymphocytes with villous projections could again be identified in the touch preparation. Flow cytometric analysis showed a 

distinct population above the normal lymphocyte region on CD45/SSC gates with a strong expression of CD19, CD20, CD22, 

CD25, CD11c, and kappa. CD5, CD23, CD10, CD4, and CD8 were all negative. BM biopsy was consistent with HCL. The patient 

was treated with splenectomy followed by 8 cycles of fludarabine and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy. At 21 months after 

diagnosis, the patient was doing well with a Hb of 16.9 g/dl, a WBC count of 6.8 x 10(9)/L, neutrophil 49.9%, lymphocyte 

39.6%, monocyte 8.6%, and a PLT count of 329 x 10(9)/L). No abnormal lymphoid cells were detected in the blood smear. 

This present report represents the first Thai HCL case that was immunophenotypically confirmed by flow cytometry and 

successfully treated at Siriraj Hospital. 

No.510 

Author (s) : Karunaweera, N.D.; Dewasurendra, R., Fernando, D., Sereejaitham, P., Suriyaphol, P. 

Title : GENETIC MARKERS AND RISK OF MALARIA INFECTIONS: GENETIC-EPIDEMIOLOGY STUDY IN A LOW MALARIA ENDEMIC AREA OF 

SRI LANKA 






No.511 

Author (s) : Kasemsuwan, L., Cheewaruangroj, W., Tungkeeratichai, J., Bhongmakapat, T., Thawin, C., Lertsukprasert, K., Tiravanitchakul, R., 

Dara, R., Laothamatas, J. 

Title : Fourteen-years experience with cochlear implantation in ramathibodi hospital 



Keywords : Cochlear implant; Cochleostomy; Ct scans of temporal bone; Hearing loss 

Abstract : Objective: To review the cochlear implant program in Ramathibodi Hospital and share experience of cochlear implantation 

emphasized on clinical and surgical outcomes. Material and Method: Retrospective review of 143 ears (140 patients) operated 

with cochlear implant between 1995 and 2009. The demographic data including etiology of deafness and findings from 

temporal bone CT scans were reviewed. The authors' experience with cochlear implant surgery in terms of patient selection, 

patient advisory clinic, necessary equipment, pre- and postoperative evaluations, surgical techniques and complications were 

discussed. Results: Most congenital origin was unknown etiology and congenital rubella was the most common known cause. 

From the CT scans of congenital deafness, vestibular aqueduct dilatation was the most common and found in 29.31% while 

Mondini malformation was shown to be 16.37%. The authors' surgical technique of using the pocket method and designed 

bony ridge at cortical mastoid rim had helped stabilizing the implant and electrode fancoil. During the last two years, no 

complication or revision surgery was detected. Conclusion: Cochlear implant surgery in both children and adults can result in 

good surgical outcome and fewer complications under experienced surgeons and a good team. 

No.512 

Author (s) : Kaset, C., Eursitthichai, V., Vichasri-Grams, S., Viyanant, V., Grams, R. 

Title : Rapid identification of lymnaeid snails and their infection with Fasciola gigantica in Thailand 

Source : Experimental Parasitology, Volume 126, Issue 4, December 2010, Pages 482-488 


Keywords : 16S ribosomal DNA; Austropeplea viridis; Cathepsin L; Fasciola gigantica; Lymnaeidae; Multiplex PCR; Radix 

rubiginosa; Radix swinhoei; Thailand; Trematoda 

188


Abstract : Freshwater snails of the family Lymnaeidae are the intermediate hosts of the liver fluke Fasciola worldwide. While distinct 

species have been identified at the molecular level in other parts of the world such data have not been published for 

Thailand. In this study we collected Lymnaeidae from different localities across Thailand and analyzed their 16S rDNA 

sequences as a molecular signature for classification. In addition to the ubiquitous Radix rubiginosa, we have confirmed the 

presence of Austropeplea viridis and Radix swinhoei, for the latter of which the ribosomal rDNA sequences are reported for 

the first time, in North-Thailand. Based on the obtained 16S rDNA data three primer pairs were designed that allowed rapid 

identification of these snail species by PCR. To determine their infection status, PCR primers for F. gigantica cathepsin L were 

used in parallel with the snail 16S rDNA species-specific primers in multiplex PCR analyses. Western blot analysis of total snail 

protein with a monoclonal anti-F. gigantica cathepsin L antibody confirmed positive cathepsin L PCR results. The developed 

diagnostic PCR will be of use in risk assessment for transmission of fascioliasis in Thailand. © Elsevier Inc. 

No.513 

Author (s) : Kasetrtut, C., Kaeoket, K. 

Title : Effect of using supernatant for post-thawing solution and semen extender prior to insemination on sow reproductive 

performance 



Keywords : Artificial insemination; Boar semen; Cryopreservation; Supernatant 

Abstract : The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of using supernatant (seminal plasma: extender, 50:50 v/v) as 

post-thawing solution and semen extender on sow fertility. Fifteen sows were allocated into the following experimental 

groups: Groups A (control), sows (n=5) were inseminated with fresh semen, using a dose of 4×109 spermatozoa in 60 ml of 

Modena extender; Group B, sows (n=5) were inseminated with frozen semen (supplemented with 10 mM of L-cysteine), 

using a dose of 2×109 spermatozoa in 60 ml of supernatant (50% v/v of seminal plasma plus ModenaTM extender); Group C, 

sows (n=5) were inseminated with frozen semen (supplemented with 10 mM of L-cysteine), using a dose of 2×109 

spermatozoa in 60 ml of Modena extender. All sows were inseminated twice using an intrauterine catheter depending on 

their weaning to oestrous interval (WOI). Pregnancy rate (PR), farrowing rate (FR), total number of piglet born (TNB) and 

number of piglet born alive (NBA) were recorded. In group A, the PR and FR were 100%, TNB and NBA were 7.8±3.9 and 

7±3.9, respectively. For frozen semen, PR, FR, TNB and NBA in group B were higher than group C (100% versus 60%, 60% 

versus 0%, 6.0±2.7 versus 0, 6.0±2.7 versus 0, respectively). In conclusion, using supernatant (50% v/v of seminal plasma plus 

ModenaTM) as post-thawing solution and semen extender for artificial insemination in field condition improve sow fertility. 

No.514 

Author (s) : Kasi, A.K., Kasi, J.K., Afzulpurkar, N., Bohez, E., Tuantranont, A., Mahaisavariya, B. 

Title : Fabrication of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) nano-porous membrane on both sides of aluminum sheet 

Source : ICMEE 2010 - 2010 2nd International Conference on Mechanical and Electronics Engineering, Proceedings, Volume 2, 2010, 

Article number 5558475, Pages V2122-V2126 


Keywords : AAO membrane, Anodic aluminum oxide, Anodizations, Commercial grade, Electropolishing, Fabrication process, Hard 

anodization, Nanoporous membrane, Pure aluminum, Speed-ups, Total costs; Aluminum, Aluminum sheet, Electronics 

engineering, Membranes, Paper sheeting; Fabrication 

Abstract : Fabrication of AAO Membrane is a time consuming and sensitive process. Several attempts have made to speed up this 

process. This paper reports the fabrication of AAO membrane at both sides of aluminum sheet. This method speeds up the 

fabrication process. This method of fabrication is easier because the aluminum sheet does not need to protect from the back 

side. This type of fabrication minimizes the total cost of nano-porous membrane. The fabrication of nano-porous membrane 

has been done by homemade system. The developed system can be used for mild anodization (MA), hard anodization (HA) 

and electro-polishing. This paper represents the fabrication of AAO membrane using 99.999% pure aluminum and commercial 

grade impure aluminum. The fabrication was done by MA and HA. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.515 

Author (s) : Kasi, A.K., Kasi, J.K., Afzulpurkar, N., Bohez, E., Tuantranont, A., Mahaisavariya, B. 

Title : Novel anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) nanoporous membrane for wearable hemodialysis device 

Source : ICCE 2010 - 3rd International Conference on Communications and Electronics, 2010, Article number 5670689, Pages 98-101 

189



Keywords : AAO; Hard anodization; Hemodialysis; Mild anodization; Nanoporous membrane 

Abstract : In this paper a novel structure of AAO membrane is reported. The AAO membrane was fabricated from commercial grade 

impure aluminum sheet. The fabricated membrane has hexagonal structure and the nanopores appeared at the bottom of 

that honeycomb structure. The thickness of fabricated membrane is 42.5μm. The average diameter of upper layer pore is 

350nm and average diameter of lower layer pore is 50nm. The nanopores inside the fabricated membrane are highly straight 

and perpendicular to the surface. This two layer AAO membrane will speed up the hemodialysis process. ©2010 IEEE. 

No.516 

Author (s) : Katchamart, W., Bourré-Tessier, J., Donka, T., Drouin, J., Rohekar, G., Bykerk, V.P., Haraoui, B., LeClerq, S., Mosher, D.P., Pope, 

J.E., Shojania, K., Thomson, J., Thorne, J.C., Bombardier, C., Blocka, K., Flanagan, C.E., Davis, P., Olszynski, W., Ahluwalia, V., 

Zummer, M., Boire, G., Henderson, J., Koehler, B., Baer, P., Ahmad, Z., St-Pierre, A., Cohen, M., Abu-Hakima, M., Khraishi, M., 

Soucy, E., Karsh, J. 

Title : Canadian recommendations for use of methotrexate in patients with rheumatoid arthritis 

Source : Journal of Rheumatology, Volume 37, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 1422-1430 


Keywords : Everyday practice; Guideline; Methotrexate; Recommendation; Rheumatoid arthritis; Systematic review 

Abstract : Objective. To develop recommendations for the use of methotrexate (MTX) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods. 

Canadian rheumatologists who participated in the international 3e Initiative in Rheumatology (evidence, expertise, exchange) 

in 2007-2008 formulated 5 unique Canadian questions. A bibliographic team systematically reviewed the relevant literature 

on these 5 topics. An expert committee consisting of 26 rheumatologists from across Canada was convened, and a set of 

recommendations was proposed based on the results of systematic reviews combined with expert opinions using a nominal 

group consensus process. Results. The 5 questions addressed drug interactions, predictors of response, strategies to reduce 

non-serious side effects, variables to assess clinical response, and incorporating patient preference into decision-making. The 

systematic review retrieved 93 pertinent articles; this evidence was presented to the expert committee during the interactive 

workshop. After extensive discussion and voting, a total of 9 recommendations were formulated: 2 on drug interactions, 1 on 

predictors of response, 2 on strategies to reduce non-serious side effects, 3 on variables to assess clinical response, and 1 on 

incorporating patient preferences into decision-making. The level of evidence and the strength of recommendations are 

reported. Agreement among panelists ranged from 85% to 100%. Conclusion. Nine recommendations pertaining to the use of 

MTX in daily practice were developed using an evidence-based approach followed by expert/physician consensus with high 

level of agreement. The Journal of Rheumatology Copyright © 2010. All rights reserved. 

No.517 

Author (s) : Katchamart, W., Johnson, S., Lin, H.-J.L., Phumethum, V., Salliot, C., Bombardier, C. 

Title : Predictors for remission in rheumatoid arthritis patients: A systematic review 

Source : Arthritis Care and Research, Volume 62, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 1128-1143 


Keywords : adalimumab, disease modifying antirheumatic drug, etanercept, gold 

salt, hydroxychloroquine, infliximab, methotrexate, methylprednisolone, prednisolone, salazosulfapyridine, tumor necrosis 

factor antibody; age, article, drug use, human, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, onset age, outcome 

assessment, prediction, prognosis, remission, rheumatoid arthritis, sex difference, smoking, systematic review; Antirheumatic 

Agents, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Haplotypes, Humans, Interleukin-2, Male, Methotrexate, Patient 

Selection, Prognosis, Registries, Rheumatoid Factor, Sulfasalazine, Treatment Outcome, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha 

Abstract : Objective. To summarize the potential predictors of remission in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods. We 

performed a systematic review of prognostic studies that identified the predictors of remission in RA patients. Studies were 

identified in Medline, EMBase, and the Cochrane Registry, and by hand search. We included only studies performing 

multivariate analysis. Results. A total of 18 studies from 2,062 citations were included. The following variables were found to 

be the independent predictors of RA remission: male sex; young age; late-onset RA; short disease duration; nonsmoker; low 

baseline disease activity; mild functional impairment; low baseline radiographic damage; absence of rheumatoid factor and 

anti - citrullinated peptide; low serum level of acute-phase reactant, interleukin-2, and RANKL at baseline; MTHFR 677T 

alleles and 1298C alleles in the methotrexate (MTX) - treated patients; magnetization transfer ratio 2756A allele ± either the 

SLC 19A180A allele or the TYMS 3R-del6 haplotype in the MTX plus sulfasalazine combination - treated patients; early 

190


treatment with nonbiologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) combinations; the use of anti - tumor necrosis 

factor (anti-TNF); the concurrent use of DMARDs in anti-TNF - treated patients; and moderate or good response to treatments 

at the first 6 months. The magnitude of the association in the individual predictor was diverse among the studies depending 

on the patient characteristics, the study characteristics, and the variables used to adjust for in the models. Conclusion. A 

number of independent predictors of remission, i.e., baseline clinical and laboratory characteristics and genetic markers, were 

summarized. The predictive value of prognostic factors recently identified needs to be confirmed. © 2010, American College 

of Rheumatology. 

No.518 

Author (s) : Katchamart, W., Trudeau, J., Phumethum, V., Bombardier, C. 

Title : Methotrexate monotherapy versus methotrexate combination therapy with non-biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic 

drugs for rheumatoid arthritis. 

Source : Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online), Volume 4, 2010, Pages CD008495 


Keywords : antirheumatic agent, methotrexate; adult, drug combination, human, meta analysis, methodology, randomized controlled 

trial, review, rheumatoid arthritis; Adult, Antirheumatic Agents, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Drug Therapy, 

Combination, Humans, Methotrexate, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: Methotrexate (MTX) is among the most effective disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in 

rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with less toxicity and better tolerability. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of MTX 

monotherapy compared to MTX combination with non-biologic DMARDs in adult with RA. SEARCH STRATEGY: Trials were 

identified in MEDLINE (1950 to 2009), EMBASE (1980 to 2009), the Cochrane Controlled trials Registry (CENTRAL) (up to 2009), 

the American and European scientific meeting abstracts 2005-9, the reference lists of all relevant studies, letters, and review 

articles. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized controlled trials comparing MTX monotherapy versus MTX combined with other 

non-biologic DMARDs of at least 12 weeks of trial duration in adult RA patients. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two 

reviewers independently identified eligible studies,extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias of relevant studies.The 

efficacy analysis was stratified into 3 groups based on previous DMARDs use: DMARD naive, MTX inadequate response, and 

non-MTX DMARDs inadequate response. The toxicity analysis was stratified by DMARD combination and pooled across trials 

for each combination. Our prespecified primary analysis was based on total withdrawal rates for efficacy or toxicity. MAIN 

RESULTS: A total of 19 trials (2,025 patients) from 6,938 citations were grouped by the type of patients randomised. Trials in 

DMARD naive patients showed no significant advantage of the MTX combination versus monotherapy; withdrawals for lack of 

efficacy or toxicity were similar in both groups (risk ratio (RR) 1.16, 95% CI.0.70 to 1.93, absolute risk difference(ARD) 5%, 

95%CI-3% to 13%). Trials in MTX or non-MTX DMARDs inadequate responder patients also showed no difference in 

withdrawal rates between the MTX combo versus mono groups with RR 0.86 95% CI 0.49 to1.51, ARD -2 %, 95% CI-13 % to 8 

% and RR 0.75 95% CI 0.41 to 1.35, ARD -10%, 95% CI -31% to 11%, respectively. Significant reductions of pain and 

improvement in physical function (measured by Health Assessment Questionnaire or HAQ) were found in the MTX 

combination group, but only in MTX-inadequate responders (absolute risk difference -9.72%, 95%CI -14.7% to -4.75% for pain 

and mean difference (MD) -0.28, 95%CI -0.36 to -0.21 (0-3) for HAQ). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: When the balance of efficacy 

and toxicity is taken into account, the moderate level of evidence from our systematic review showed no statistically 

significant advantage of the MTX combination versus monotherapy. Trials are needed that compare currently used MTX doses 

and combination therapies. 

No.519 

Author (s) : Katchamart, W., Bombardier, C. 

Title : Systematic Monitoring of Disease Activity Using an Outcome Measure Improves Outcomes in Rheumatoid Arthritis 




Keywords : RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; SYSTEMATIC MONITORING; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TIGHT CONTROL STRATEGY; DAILY PRACTICE; 

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW 

Abstract : Objective. To systematically review the literature on the value of outcome measures to monitor treatment response in 

patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods. Canadian rheumatologists participating in the International 3e (evidence 

expertise exchange) Initiative formulated the question "Which parameters should be recommended for use in the 

191


management of RA patients to assess a clinically meaningful response in clinical practice?". Searches in 3 electronic 

databases, Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, yielded no relevant study addressing this 

question. Experts in the field proposed to extrapolate evidence from 3 randomized controlled trials of systematic monitoring 

or tight control strategy in the management of RA. Results. Three studies were included in this review. The TICORA study 

showed that intensive management using systematic monitoring with the Disease Activity Score (DAS) aiming at least low 

disease activity, monthly followup, and more aggressive disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) treatment improves 

outcomes with higher remission rates (65% vs 16%; p < 0.0001). Fransen, et al demonstrated that targeted therapy aimed at 

low disease activity (DAS28 < 3.2) led to more changes in DMARD treatment, resulting in a larger number of patients with low 

disease activity (31% vs 16%; p = 0.028). The CAMERA study showed that systematic monitoring using the objective computer 

decision program evaluation and monthly followup yielded a greater remission rate (50% vs 37%; p = 0.0001). Conclusion. 

Systematic monitoring of disease activity, aiming for at least low disease activity, and frequent followup improves outcome in 

RA. (First Release May 1 2010; J Rheumatol 2010; 37:1411-5; doi:10.3899/jrheum.090980) 

No.520 

Author (s) : Katchanov, J., Nawa, Y. 

Title : Helminthic invasion of the central nervous system: Many roads lead to Rome 



Keywords : Central nervous system infection; Helminths; Parasitosis 

Abstract : Invasion of the central nervous system (CNS) by parasitic worms often represents most severe complication of human 

helminthiasis. The pathways from the portal of entry to the CNS are manifold and differ from species to species. In this minireview, 

we analysed the contemporary knowledge and current concepts of the routes pathogenic helminths take to gain 

access to brain, spinal cord and subarachnoid space. © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. 

No.521 

Author (s) : Katekaew, P., Veerasai, W., Aeimbhu, A. 

Title : Effect of micro-arc oxidation time on the Ca-P coating layer properties formed on commercially pure titanium 

Source : IFMBE Proceedings, Volume 31 IFMBE, 2010, Pages 1200-1203 


Keywords : Biomaterials; Ca-P coating; Microarc oxidation; Roughness; Titanium 

Abstract : In the present study, the Ca-P coating layer on commercially pure titanium was fabricated using Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) 

method in electrolyte for osteointegrative coating (ESOC) at constant potential for different periods of time (0 - 600 minutes). 

The morphological microstructures, crystal structure and roughness of Ca-P coating layers were characterised by Scanning 

Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (EDS), X-ray Diffraction technique (XRD) and Atomic Force 

Microscope (AFM). SEM micrographs of treated samples demonstrated the microporous structure of Ca-P coating layer. 

Moreover, the results indicated that the number and size of micropores have increased with an increasing oxidation time. The 

contents of Ca and P on coating layer depend on the oxidation time. XRD results showed that the fabricated Ca-P coating 

layer contains Ti and hydroxyapatite (HA) phases at t = 600 minutes. AFM analysis showed that a mean roughness of 

untreated was 13 nm and treated samples ranging between 80-190 nm. Wettability property of an untreated and treated 

sample was hydrophilic which the magnitude was no different. © 2010 International Federation for Medical and Biological 

Engineering. 

No.522 

Author (s) : Kato, S, Ohno, T., Thephamongkhol, K., Chansilpa, Y., Yang, YX., Devi, CRB., Bustam, AZ., Calaguas, MJC., de los Reyes, RH., 

Cho, CK., To, AD., Supriana, N., Mizuno, H., Nakano, T., Tsujii, H. 

Title : MULTI-INSTITUTIONAL PHASE II CLINICAL STUDY OF CONCURRENT CHEMORADIOTHERAPY FOR LOCALLY ADVANCED CERVICAL 

CANCER IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA 

Source : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS, Volume: 77, Issue: 3, Pages: 751-757, DOI: 

10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.06.011, Published: JUL 1 2010 


Keywords : Cervical cancer; chemoradiotherapy; high-dose-rate brachytherapy; developing country; international clinical study 

192


Abstract : Purpose: To evaluate the toxicity and efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy using weekly cisplatin for patients with 

locally advanced cervical cancer in East and Southeast Asia, a multi-institutional Phase II clinical study was conducted among 

eight Asian countries. Methods and Materials: Between April 2003 and March 2006, 120 patients (60 with bulky Stage IIB and 

60 with Stage IIIB) with previously untreated squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix were enrolled in the present study. 

Radiotherapy consisted of pelvic external beam radiotherapy (total (lose, 50 Gy) and either high-dose-rate or low-dose-rate 

intracavitary brachytherapy according to institutional practice. The planned Point A dose was 24-28 Gy in four fractions for 

high-dose-rate-intracavitary brachytherapy and 40-45 Gy in one to two fractions for low-dose-rate-intracavitary brachytherapy. 

Five cycles of weekly cisplatin (40 mg/m(2)) were administered during the radiotherapy course. Results: All patients were 

eligible for the study. The median follow-up was 27.3 months. Of the 120 patients, 100 (83%) received four or five cycles of 

chemotherapy. Acute Grade 3 leukopenia was observed in 21% of the patients, and Grade 3 gastrointestinal toxicity was 

observed in 6%. No patient failed to complete the radiotherapy course because of toxicity. The 2-year local control and 

overall survival rate for all patients was 87.1% and 79.6%, respectively. The 2-year major late rectal and bladder complication 

rate was 2.5% and 0%, respectively. Conclusion: The results have suggested that concurrent chemoradiotherapy using weekly 

cisplatin is feasible and effective for patients with locally advanced cervical cancer in East and Southeast Asia. (C) 2019 

Elsevier Inc. 

No.523 

Author (s) : Kato-Hayashi, N., Kirinoki, M., Iwamura, Y., Kanazawa, T., Kitikoon, V., Matsuda, H., Chigusa, Y. 

Title : Identification and differentiation of human schistosomes by polymerase chain reaction 

Source : Experimental Parasitology, Volume 124, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 325-329 


Keywords : Cox1; Mitochondial DNA; Multiplex; PCR; S. haematobium; S. japonicum; S. mekongi; Schistosoma mansoni 

Abstract : Recent increasing number of travelers, immigrants and foreign workers from schistosomiasis endemic area has thus resulted in 

the importation of schistosomiasis to non-endemic countries. To avoid ova-induced pathogenicity, sensitive and specific 

diagnostic means at an early stage of infection are therefore crucial. In this study, we developed polymerase chain reaction 

(PCR) primers specific for human schistosome species. The PCR products were obtained in a species-specific manner (479. bp, 

Schistosoma mansoni; 365. bp, S. haematobium; 614. bp, S. japonicum; 303. bp, S. mekongi) and were detectable from 0.01. 

pg of total worm DNA (S. haematobium, S. japonicum, S. mekongi). The primer sets were also available for multiplex use. 

Although some difficulties were experienced in amplifying the parasite DNA from the infected animals, schistosome DNA 

could be detected from one day post infection. The PCR method described herein will therefore be beneficial to detect 

human schistosomiasis, after some improvements in this method. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. 

No.524 

Author (s) : Katrun, P., Chiampanichayakul, S., Korworapan, K., Pohmakotr, M., Reutrakul, V., Jaipetch, T., Kuhakarn, C. 

Title : PhI(OAc)2/KI-mediated reaction of aryl sulfinates with alkenes, alkynes, and α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds: Synthesis 

of vinyl sulfones and β-iodovinyl sulfones 

Source : European Journal of Organic Chemistry, Issue 29, October 2010, Pages 5633-5641 


Keywords : Alkenes; Alkynes; Iodine; Sulfur 

Abstract : (Diacetoxyiodo)benzene [PhI(OAc)2, DIB] was able to promote the reaction of sodium aryl sulfinate and potassiumiodide (KI) 

with alkenes and alkynes to afford the corresponding vinyl sulfones and β-iodovinyl sulfones, respectively, in good yields. 

The salient features of this reaction are that it employs a commercially available and environmentally benign hypervalent 

iodine(III) reagent, a one-step reaction, a short reaction time, and mild reaction conditions. (Diacetoxyiodo)benzene/KI was 

able to promote the reaction of sodium aryl sulfinates with alkenes to afford vinyl sulfones in good yields. Alkynes 

underwent a similar reaction to give β-iodovinyl sulfones. The present method can be considered to be a convenient and 

attractive alternative to the existing methods for the synthesis of these intermediates, which are important in organic 

chemistry. © 2010 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. 

No.525 

Author (s) : Kawami, M., Yumoto, R., Nagai, J., Junyaprasert, V.B., Soonthornchareonnon, N., Patanasethanont, D., Sripanidkulchai, B.-O., 

Mikihisa, T. 

Title : Effect of thai plant extracts on p-glycoprotein function and viability in paclitaxel-resistant HepG2 cells 

193


Source : Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Volume 25, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 155-162 


Keywords : Multidrug resistance; P-glycoprotein (MDR1/ABCB1); Paclitaxel; Paclitaxel-resistant HepG2 cells; Rhodamine 123; Thai plant 

extracts 

Abstract : The effects of ethanol extracts from Thai plants on P-glycoprotein (P-gp) function and cell viability were examined using 

paclitaxel-resistant HepG2 (PR-HepG2) cells. KP018 from Ellipeiopsis cherrevensis and AT80 from Ancistrocladus tectorius 

increased both rhodamine 123, a typical P-gp substrate, and [3H]paclitaxel uptake in PR-HepG2 cells. However, some extracts 

such as MT80 from Microcos tomentosa increased rhodamine 123, but not [3H]paclitaxel, uptake, while MM80 from 

Micromelum minutum increased only [3H]paclitaxel uptake. Thus, the effects of extracts of Thai plants on rhodamine 123 

uptake were not necessarily the same as those on [3H]paclitaxel uptake. Purified compounds such as bergapten did not 

affect the uptake of either substrate. KP018, AT80, and MM80 increased [3H]paclitaxel uptake and decreased the cell viability 

in a concentration-dependent manner. Among these extracts, KP018 showed the most potent cytotoxicity. The cytotoxic 

potency of KP018 on PR-HepG2 cells was similar to that on wild-type HepG2 cells, and was not potentiated by verapamil. At 

concentrations resulting in no cytotoxicity, AT80 and MM80 potentiated paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity in PR-HepG2 cells. 

These results indicate that K018 may be a useful source to search for a new anticancer drug, while AT80 and MM80 may be 

useful as modulators of P-gp-mediated multidrug resistance in cancer cells. 

No.526 

Author (s) : Kayurapan, A., Makadelok, S., Waikakul, S. 

Title : Effect of gamma sterilisation and deep-freezing on length and strength of fascia latae. 

Source : Journal of orthopaedic surgery (Hong Kong), Volume 18, Issue 1, April 2010, Pages 68-70 


Keywords : animal, article, comparative study, cryopreservation, fascia lata, freezing, gamma radiation, instrument sterilization, materials 

testing, methodology, pathology, pathophysiology, radiation exposure, swine, tensile strength, tissue culture technique; 

Animals, Cryopreservation, Fascia Lata, Freezing, Gamma Rays, Materials Testing, Sterilization, Swine, Tensile Strength, Tissue 

Culture Techniques 

Abstract : PURPOSE: To compare the length and strength of fascia latae after gamma sterilisation and different durations of deepfreezing. 

METHODS: 50 pieces of fresh porcine fascia latae were randomly divided into 5 groups. Group 1 acted as controls, 

which were not gamma irradiated and deep-frozen. In groups 2 to 4, fascia latae were incubated in phosphate buffer solution 

for 4 hours, and then gamma irradiated at 25 kGy. They were preserved at -70 degrees Celcius for one to 3 months, 

respectively. In group 5, fascia latae were preserved for 3 months, and during the whole process they were fixed on a 

wooden board to maintain their original length. The maximum tensile strength of each fascia lata was tested at a 

displacement rate of 1 cm per minute until failure. RESULTS: The maximum tensile strength was not significantly different 

among groups 1 to 4, but was significantly higher in group 5. CONCLUSION: Gamma sterilisation and deep-freezing had no 

effect on the strength of fascia latae, but fixation on a board could increase strength. 

No.527 

Author (s) : Kc, S.; Bhuju, G. B.; Tragulpiankit, P. 

Title : Pattern of Adverse Drug Reactions Reported by Nepal Regional Pharmacovigilance Centers 

Source : DRUG SAFETY, Volume: 33, Issue: 10, Pages: 940-940, Meeting Abstract: 109, Published: 2010 




No.528 

Author (s) : Keeratichamroen, W., Dechsri, P., Panijpan, B., Ruenwongsa, P. 

Title : Enhancing student conceptualization of a combustion chemical reaction using the tapioca bomb activity: An inquiry-based 

approach 



Keywords : Chemical reaction; Combustion reaction; Constructivist; Inquiry-based approach; Learning unit 

194


Abstract : At the microscopic level, there are many concepts that appear too complicated to all grades of students; especially those 

concerning chemical reactions. Most students have difficulty in imagining things and understanding the relevant concepts. In 

science, activity-based learning is deemed an appropriate method to improve students' understanding of complicated 

concepts. The purpose of this study was to develop an inquiry-based learning unit on chemical reaction for grade eight 

students by using a newly developed activity called "Tapioca Bomb" for demonstrating concepts of chemical reaction. The 

students had opportunities to investigate by hands-on and mind-on activities. After observing the explosion in the Tapioca 

Bomb activity, the students were able to build their own concepts on chemical reaction and connect science learning to 

everyday life. The students could explain how and why the reaction occurred, and could apply their preliminary knowledge 

to design their own experiment. Finally, the teacher and students discussed what they had learned and applied the 

knowledge gained. The results on pre-test and post-test, concept map, students' documents, CLES questionnaire and 

interviews indicated that this learning unit helped students conceptualize the knowledge on combustion chemical reaction. © 

Common Ground, Wasana Keeratichamroen, Precharn Dechsri, Bhinyo Panijpan, Pintip Ruenwongsa. 

No.529 

Author (s) : Keeratichananont, S., Sobhonslidsuk, A., Kitiyakara, T., Achalanan, N., Soonthornpun, S. 

Title : The role of liquid simethicone in enhancing endoscopic visibility prior to Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD): A prospective, 

randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial 



Keywords : Endoscopic visibility; Esophagogastroduodenoscopy; Simethicone 

Abstract : Background: Simethicone improves endoscopic visibility and diagnostic accuracy during colonoscopy and capsule endoscopy. 

Nevertheless, there have been limited data on its usefulness in esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Objective: To evaluate 

the effectiveness of simethicone on enhancing endoscopic visibility in patients undergoing EGD. Material and Method: 121 

patients were randomized to take 2 ml of either liquid simethicone or placebo in 60 ml of water at 15-30 minutes before 

EGD. The severity scores of foam and bubbles at the esophagus, stomach and duodenum were compared. Results: 

Simethicone improved endoscopic visibility by diminishing mean cumulative (6.83±2.4 vs. 11.05 ± 2.6, p < 0.001) and local 

scores of foam and bubbles at all areas, and decreased the number and timing of adjunctive simethicone washing (17.5% vs. 

74.1%, p < 0.001 and 0 vs. 19 seconds, p < 0.001). Simethicone increased endoscopist and patient satisfaction significantly 

without having adverse effects. Conclusion: Using simethicone before EGD enhances endoscopic visibility, reduces adjunctive 

simethicone washing and increases endoscopist and patient satisfaction. 

No.530 

Author (s) : Kent, S.J., Cooper, D.A., Vun, M.C., Shao, Y., Zhang, L., Ganguly, N., Bela, B., Tamashiro, H., Ditangco, R., Rerks-Ngarm, S., 

Pitisuttithum, P., van Kinh, N., Bernstein, A., Osmanov, S. 

Title : AIDS Vaccine for Asia Network (AVAN): Expanding the regional role in developing HIV vaccines 

Source : PLoS Medicine, Volume 7, Issue 9, September 2010, Article number e1000331 


Keywords : alvac, DNA vaccine, glycoprotein gp 120, Human immunodeficiency virus vaccine, peptide vaccine, unclassified drug, V3 

peptide vaccine, virus vector; acquired immune deficiency syndrome, article, Australia, China, clinical trial, drug efficacy, drug 

research, drug safety, geographic distribution, good manufacturing practice, health behavior, health promotion, high risk 

population, human, Human immunodeficiency virus infection, India, infection risk, intravenous drug abuse, Japan, male 

homosexual, medical ethics, morbidity, nonhuman, pandemic, prevalence, prostitution, strategic planning, Thailand, unsafe 

sex, vaccine production, viral gene delivery system, viral gene therapy, virus transmission, Asia, clinical trial 

(topic), health, immunology, international cooperation, medical research; AIDS Vaccines, Asia, Biomedical Research, Clinical 

Trials as Topic, HIV Infections, Humans, International Cooperation, Pandemics, World Health 


No.531 

Author (s) : Keorochana, G., Johnson, J.S., Taghavi, C.E., Liao, J.-C., Lee, K.-B., Yoo, J.H., Ngo, S.S., Wang, J.C. 

Title : The effect of needle size inducing degeneration in the rat caudal disc: Evaluation using radiograph, magnetic resonance 

imaging, histology, and immunohistochemistry 

Source : Spine Journal, Volume 10, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 1014-1023 

195



Keywords : Cellular and matrix changes; Different needle sizes; Disc degeneration; Needle puncture; Rat caudal disc 

Abstract : Background context: The rat caudal disc has been increasingly used in studying of disc degeneration because of its simplicity, 

low cost, and efficiency. However, the reproducibility and standardization are essential to facilitate the investigations of 

biologic therapeutics at different stages of degeneration. Purpose: To identify the effect of different needle gauges to the 

degenerative response in rat caudal discs and to examine its pathogenesis by looking at the cellular and matrix changes. 

Study design: In vivo study of injury-induced rat caudal disc degeneration using needle puncture. Patient sample: Thirty-six 

Lewis rats aged 12-14 weeks. Outcome measures: The induced degenerative discs were analyzed by plain radiograph, 

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histological examination. Proteoglycan content was assessed by alcian blue stain. 

Immunohistochemistry using aggrecan, collagen II, and Sox-9 was also evaluated to investigate cell differentiation and matrix 

changes. Methods: All rats were divided into three groups according to different needle gauges (18G, 20G, and 22G). Caudal 

discs were punctured percutaneously under image guidance. Radiographs and MRI were obtained at 2 weeks interval until 8 

weeks. At each time point, three rats from each group were sacrificed for histological analysis and immunohistochemistry. 

Results: Larger needle gauges, especially 18G, produced more deterioration of the disc when compared with smaller sizes, 

particularly with time. Significant differences were identified in almost all parameters compared between 18G and 22G at the 

8-week time point. For the effect of time in the same needle size, the differences occurred between 2- or 4-week and 8-week 

time point in the 18G and 20G groups. The proteoglycan and aggrecan stain gradually decreased over time. Chondrogenic 

differentiation was identified within the degenerative disc by detecting Sox-9 positive cells and collagen II accumulation 

increased as degeneration progressed. Conclusions: The puncture-induced degenerative changes in rat caudal discs can 

imitate the human degenerative cascade as observed in plain radiograph, MRI, histology, and immunohistochemistry. We 

suggest that needle size affects the occurrence of progression of degeneration; thus, the large needle size was required to 

accelerate the deterioration. The size of needle and time point after injury should be considered when investigating the 

effect of therapeutic materials to retard degeneration or regenerate the intervertebral disc. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights 

reserved. 

No.532 

Author (s) : Keorochana, G., Taghavi, C.E., Tzeng, S.-T., Lee, K.-B., Liao, J.-C., Yoo, J.H., Wang, J.C. 

Title : MRI classification of interspinous ligament degeneration of the lumbar spine: Intraobserver and interobserver reliability and 

the frequency of disagreement 

Source : European Spine Journal, Volume 19, Issue 10, October 2010, Pages 1740-1745 


Keywords : Classification; Degeneration; Interspinous ligament; Lumbar spine; Magnetic resonance imaging; Reliability 

Abstract : Posterior spinal ligament pathology is becoming increasingly recognized as a significant cause of low back pain. Despite the 

growing clinical importance of interspinous ligament degeneration in low back pain patients, formal reliability studies for the 

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation of interspinous ligaments have not been performed. We proposed an MRI 

classification system for interspinous ligament degeneration and conducted a comprehensive reliability and reproducibility 

assessment. Fifty patients who had low back pain with or without leg discomfort (26 males and 24 females) with a mean age 

of 48.8 years (range 23-85 years) were studied. The classification for lumbar interspinous ligament degeneration was 

developed on the basis of the literature using mid-sagittal T1- and T2-weighted images. Three spine surgeons independently 

graded a total of 200 interspinous ligament levels. Intraobserver and interobserver reliability were assessed by kappa statistics. 

The frequency of disagreement was also identified. The intraobserver agreement was excellent in all readers (kappa range 

0.840-0.901). The interobserver agreement was lower as expected, and was substantial to excellent (kappa range 0.726-0.818). 

Overall complete agreement was obtained in 87.8% of all interspinous ligament levels. A difference of 1, 2, and 3 grades 

occurred in 8.1, 3.0, and 1.1% of readings, respectively. This proposed MRI classification of interspinous ligament degeneration 

was simple, reliable, and reproducible. Its use as a standardized nomenclature in clinical and radiographic research may be 

recommended. © 2010 The Author(s). 

No.533 

Author (s) : Keorochana, G., Taghavi, C.E., Tzeng, S.-T., Morishita, Y., Yoo, J.H., Lee, K.-B., Liao, J.-C., Wang, J.C. 

Title : Magnetic resonance imaging grading of interspinous ligament degeneration of the lumbar spine and its relation to aging, spinal 

degeneration, and segmental motion: Clinical article 

Source : Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine, Volume 13, Issue 4, October 2010, Pages 494-499 

196



Keywords : Degeneration; Interspinous ligament; Lumbar spine; Magnetic resonance imaging; Reliability; Segmental motion 

Abstract : Object. Degenerative changes of the interspinous ligaments (ISLs) have generally been ignored in previous studies. Factorrelated 

causes, the effects that these changes have on other structures within the spinal functional unit, and their relation to 

kinematic changes in the spine are lacking. In this study, the authors evaluated the reliability of a proposed MR imaging 

grading system of ISL degeneration (ISLD). They also investigated the relationship between ISLD and aging, disc/facet joint 

degeneration, and lumbar segmental motion. Methods. The authors studied 256 lumbar motion segments from L-2 to S-1 in 

64 patients (35 men and 29 women) with a mean age of 46.08 years (range 23-85 years). An MR imaging-based grading system 

for ISLD was developed and ranged from Grade A (mild) to Grade D (severe). The reliability was tested, and the correlation of 

the grade with the severity of the disc and facet joint degeneration was examined. The segmental motion of each functional 

unit was measured using flexion/extension MR imaging, and their relationships with ISL grades were identified. Results. Grade 

A was observed in 115 levels (44.9%), Grade B in 105 (41.0%), Grade C in 15 (5.9%), and Grade D in 21 levels (8.2%). The 

kappa coefficients for intraobserver and interobserver agreements were substantial to excellent (intraobserver [0.871] and 

interobserver [0.721-0.807]). Grade D was observed primarily in elderly patients. Segmental motion tended to decrease in the 

most severe grade, with a significant difference in angular mobility. As the severity of ISLD increased, the severity of disc/facet 

joint degeneration increased (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). Conclusions. The authors proposed a reliable and 

reproducible grading system that may be used to investigate spinal kinematics in association with ISLD. The authors' findings 

illustrated the distribution of ISLD grades. The most severe grade occurred primarily in elderly patients. Mobility decreased in 

the most severe grade; therefore, the stage of ISLD should be taken into consideration when evaluating spinal stability. 

No.534 

Author (s) : Keorochana, G., Tawonsawatruk, T., Laohachareonsombat, W., Wajanavisit, W., Jaovisidha, S. 

Title : The results of decompression and instrumented fusion with pedicular screw plate system in degenerative lumbar scoliosis 

patients with spinal stenosis: A prospective observational study 



Keywords : Arthrodesis; Degenerative scoliosis; Instrumentation; Outcome; Spinal stenosis; Surgery 

Abstract : Objective: To study pain relief, curve correction, and functional outcomes after decompression and instrumented arthrodesis 

in degenerative lumbar scoliosis patients with spinal stenosis. Material and Method: Thirty-one degenerative scoliosis patients 

with symptom of spinal stenosis who underwent decompression and fusion with pedicular screw plate instrumentation and 

completed at least 2-year follow-up were included in this study. Functional outcomes were obtained using Oswestry 

Disability Index (ODI) and Roland Morris score. The VAS pain relief, walking ability, and curve correction were collected as a 

result of the surgery. Results: Average age of the patients at the time of surgery was 64.87 years (range, 50-87 years) and 

mean follow-up was 32 months (range, 24-60 months). There was significant improvement in all outcome parameters 

including pain scales, walking ability, ODI, and Roland Morris score (p < 0.05) Five patients had major complications with two 

cases requiring re-operation. Conclusion: Degenerative scoliosis with spinal stenosis is a complex spinal disease that requires 

decompression and stabilization procedures. Wide decompressive laminectomy and instrumented arthrodesis with pedicular 

screw plate system provided satisfied outcome included pain relief and functional restoration. 

No.535 

Author (s) : Kerddonfak, S., Manuyakorn, W., Kamchaisatian, W., Sasisakulporn, C., Teawsomboonkit, W., Benjaponpitak, S. 

Title : The stability and sterility of epinephrine prefilled syringe 



Keywords : adrenalin; anaphylaxis, article, concentration (parameters), drug potency, drug stability, drug sterility, evaluation, high 

performance liquid chromatography, nonhuman, pH, syringe; Anaphylaxis, Capsules, Colony Count, Microbial, Drug 

Stability, Drug Storage, Epinephrine, Feasibility Studies, Hot Temperature, Humans, Pharmaceutical Solutions, Practice 

Guidelines as Topic, Self Administration, Sterilization, Syringes, Time Factors 

Abstract : The commercially available auto-injector epinephrine is considerable expensive. Epinephrine prefilled syringe is an alternative 

treatment for anaphylaxis patients. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the stability and sterility of 

epinephrine prefilled syringe. Epinephrine prefilled syringe was kept in the pencil box to prevent from light exposure. The 

active ingredients, integrity and level of potency were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The 

197


sterility was accessed by aerobic bacteria and fungi culture. The epinephrine concentration at 1, 2 and 3 months after the 

preparation was 101.36, 99.31 and 101.09%, respectively (acceptable range 90 - 110%). The pH was 3.17 - 3.23 (acceptable 

range 2.8 - 3.6). Nor-epinephrine was undetected. The cultures for bacteria and fungus were both negative. Consequently, 

epinephrine prefilled syringe was stable and sterile at least three month after preparation. Epinephrine prefilled syrine is an 

alternative low cost treatment for anaphylaxis patient. 

No.536 

Author (s) : Kerschbaumer, G., Wernsdorfer, G., Wiedermann, U., Congpuong, K., Sirichaisinthop, J., Wernsdorfer, W.H. 

Title : Synergism between mefloquine and artemisinin and its enhancement by retinol in Plasmodium falciparum in vitro 



Keywords : Artemisinin; Mefloquine; Plasmodium falciparum; Retinol; Synergism 

Abstract : Following the advent of mefloquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum in Thailand in the 1990s, the combined treatment 

of falciparum malaria with artesunate and mefloquine was found to be highly effective in treating and curing the patients in 

the affected areas. Monitoring of the clinical-parasitological response and of the in vitro sensitivity of P. falciparum was 

systematically conducted in order to detect any signs of failure of this type of artemisinin-based combination treatment 

(ACT). In earlier observations the in vitro activity of artemisinin was found to be significantly enhanced when combined with 

retinol. The same applies to mefloquine. In order to check whether the synergism between artemisinin and mefloquine was 

maintained in the presence of retinol, the pharmacodynamic interaction of the three compounds was investigated in the 

western border area of Thailand. Successful parallel tests with mefloquine, artemisinin, retinol, mefloquine-artemisinin 5:1 as 

well as mefloquine-artemisinin (5:1) + retinol low, medium and high were obtained with 43 fresh parasite isolates. The retinol 

concentrations in the low, medium and high formulations corresponded to the 50th, 65th and 80th percentile of the 

physiological mean concentrations in the blood of healthy adults. The IC50, IC90 and IC99 values for mefloquine alone 

showed a further increase over the data of 2008. In the combinations with artemisinin and retinol moderate synergism was 

observed at the IC50, but synergism increased strongly at the IC90 and the IC99. © 2010 Springer-Verlag. 

No.537 

Author (s) : Kestsumpun, Y., Ngamprarsert, M., Prasungsit, C., Anuratpanich, L. 

Title : USING SIX SIGMA METHODOLOGY TO REDUCE THE NUMBER OF PATIENT WITH SKIN DAMAGE IN INCONTINENCE PATIENT 






No.538 

Author (s) : Ketefian, S., Dai, Y.-T., Hanucharurnkul, S., Mendes, I.A.C., Norman, I.J. 

Title : Environments for nursing scholarship and journal impact factor in five countries 

Source : International Nursing Review, Volume 57, Issue 3, September 2010, Pages 343-351 


Keywords : Brazil; Environments for Nursing Scholarship; Impact factor; Nursing science; Publications; Taiwan; Thailand; United 

Kingdom; United States of America 

Abstract : Background: Universities worldwide are seeking objective measures for the assessment of their faculties' research products to 

evaluate them and to attain prestige. Despite concerns, the impact factors (IF) of journals where faculties publish have been 

adopted. Research objective: The study aims to explore conditions created within five countries as a result of policies 

requiring or not requiring faculty to publish in high IF journals, and the extent to which these facilitated or hindered the 

development of nursing science. Design: The design was a multiple case study of Brazil, Taiwan, Thailand (with IF policies, 

Group A), United Kingdom and the United States (no IF policies, Group B). Key informants from each country were identified 

to assist in subject recruitment. Methods: A questionnaire was developed for data collection. The study was approved by a 

human subject review committee. Five faculty members of senior rank from each country participated. All communication 

occurred electronically. Findings: Groups A and B countries differed on who used the policy and the purposes for which it was 

used. There were both similarities and differences across the five countries with respect to hurdles, scholar behaviour, 

198


publishing locally vs. internationally, views of their science, steps taken to internationalize their journals. Conclusions: In group 

A countries, Taiwan seemed most successful in developing its scholarship. Group B countries have continued their scientific 

progress without such policies. IF policies were not necessary motivators of scholarship; factors such as qualified nurse 

scientists, the resource base in the country, may be critical factors in supporting science development. © 2010 The Authors. 

International Nursing Review © 2010 International Council of Nurses. 

No.539 

Author (s) : Ketpichainarong, W., Jittam, P., Ruenwongsa, P., Panijpan, B. 

Title : Addressing widespread iodine deficiency disorders: A serious health problem in thailand and beyond 

Source : Journal of Chemical Education, Volume 87, Issue 7, 2010, Pages 662-664 


Keywords : Administrative issues; Applications of chemistry; CLIC; Continuing education; General public; Interdisciplinary/Multidisciplinary; 

Misconceptions/Discrepant Events; Public understanding/outreach; Textbooks/reference books 

Abstract : Iodine is the heaviest of all elements essential for human health. Iodine is a constituent of the thyroid hormone that acts on 

many body systems, and thus, iodine's effects are quite broad. In discussing iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs), one should 

rank mental defects and physical impairments ahead of goiter, which is a mere physical disfigurement. Consuming iodide-or 

iodate-supplemented salt has been the most widely implemented public health measure for people at risk of iodine 

deficiency. However, millions of people on several continents still suffer today from insufficient iodine intake. Inadequate 

government enforcement and limited access to supplemented salt are partly responsible for the persistence of this disease. 

Traditional beliefs and food habits are also contributing factors toward difficulties in lowering the incidence and severity of 

IDDs. In the multistep process needed for making dry salt, most iodide in seawater is converted to iodine, which sublimates, 

thus drastically reducing the iodine content. Regular consumption of iodized table salt is a necessity for people, especially 

those at risk of developing IDDs. Copyright © 2010 The American Chemical Society and Division of Chemical Education, Inc. 

No.540 

Author (s) : Ketpichainarong, W., Panijpan, B., Ruenwongsa, P. 

Title : Enhanced learning of biotechnology students by an inquiry-based cellulase laboratory [Biyoteknoloji öǧrencilerinin 

sorgulayi{dotless}ci{dotless} temelli selülaz laboratuari{dotless} ile geliştirilmiş öǧrenmeleri] 

Source : International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, Volume 5, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 169-187 


Keywords : Biotechnology; Cellulase enzyme; Inquiry; Laboratory; Undergraduate student 

Abstract : This study explored the effectiveness of an inquiry-based cellulase laboratory unit in promoting inquiry in undergraduate 

students in biotechnology. The following tools were used to assess the students' achievements and attitude: conceptual 

understanding test, concept mapping, students' documents, CLES questionnaire, students' self reflection, and interviews. 

Judging from their conceptual understanding test results and concept mapping, students gained significantly more content 

knowledge on enzyme-substrate interaction and its application. In addition, students' reports on their projects revealed that 

they have developed their critical thinking, scientific process skills and abilities to apply knowledge on enzyme cellulase to 

industrial application. The students reacted positively to this teaching strategy as demonstrated by results from questionnaire 

responses, students' self reflection and interviews. The success of this inquiry-based laboratory unit might be due to both the 

context which was of interest to students, and the instruction method which ranged from a guided to a more open inquiry. 

Most importantly, the teacher in this study had mastery of both content and pedagogical techniques. This inquiry-based 

cellulase laboratory unit provided significant benefits for teaching and learning science for biotechnology students. It 

promoted acquisition of content knowledge and skills such as asking good questions, predicting, problem solving, drawing 

conclusion, and communication. This inquiry-based laboratory unit may serve as a guideline or framework for implementing a 

dynamic instruction with a range of inquiry level for the undergraduates. © 2010 IJESE. 

No.541 

Author (s) : Khaisombat, N.; Saokaew, S.; Chaiyakunapruk, N.; Nathisuwan, S. 

Title : ATTRIBUTABLE COST AND LENGTH OF STAY FOR PATIENTS WITH ENOXAPARIN-ASSOCIATED BLEEDING 




199



No.542 

Author (s) : Khanobdee, K.; Wongprasert, K.; Kitiyanant, Y. 

Title : In vitro protection against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress and cell death in ARPE-19 cells by Curcumin 





No.543 

Author (s) : Khompurngson, K., Poltem, D., Yamarat, A., Novaprateep, B. 

Title : The use of hide in learning the value of a function 

Source : International Conference on Applied Computer Science – Proceedings, 2010, Pages 193-197 

Keywords : Convex optimization and noise data; Hypercircle inequality; Regularization; Reproducing kernel Hilbert space 


Abstract : In this paper, we briefly review some recent work on Hypercircle inequality for data error (Hide) measured with square loss. 

We provide it in the case that the unit ball B is replaced by δB where δ is any positive number. We study the problem in 

learning the value of a function in reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) by using the available material from Hide with 

different values of δ. Moreover, we compare our numerical experiment to the method of regularization, which is the 

standard method for learning problem. We also discuss the effect of the values of δ on the learning task under 

consideration. 

No.544 

Author (s) : Khositseth, A., Siripornpitak, S., Laohakunakorn, P. 

Title : Hypoplastic right lung associated with right pulmonary vein stenosis and systemic collateral 

Source : Congenital Heart Disease, Volume 5, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 76-80 

Keywords : Hypoplastic right lung; Hypoplastic right pulmonary artery; Pulmonary vein stenosis 

Abstract : We present a case of a 6-month-old girl diagnosed as unilateral pulmonary vein stenosis (right inferior pulmonary vein) with 

dextroposition of the heart, hypoplastic right lung, hypoplastic right pulmonary artery, collateral from the descending aorta 

supplied right lower lung, connection between collateral and right pulmonary artery with retrograde flow from right 

pulmonary artery into main pulmonary artery, and right superior and middle pulmonary vein agenesis. A combined modality 

of imaging including chest film, echocardiography, multidector computerized tomography, and the cardiac catheterization 

nicely demonstrated all of the unique and rare congenital abnormalities. © 2010 Copyright the Authors. Journal Compilation 

© 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 

No.545 

Author (s) : Khositseth, A., Siripornpitak, S., Pornkul, R. 

Title : Pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect with collaterals to right lung associated with anomalous left pulmonary artery 

from the ascending aorta 

Source : Pediatric Radiology, Volume 40 Suppl 1, December 2010, Pages S72-76 


Keywords : Congenital heart disease; Cyanosis; Hemitruncus; Infant; Multidetector CT 

Abstract : We present a 10-month-old boy with cyanosis. This is a rare case of pulmonary atresia, ventricular septal defect (VSD), major 

aorto-pulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCAs) to the right lung with absent native right pulmonary artery (RPA) in association 

with anomalous left pulmonary artery (LPA) from the ascending aorta (AAo). Echocardiography was unable to identify all of 

the cardiovascular abnormalities. Multidetector CT demonstrated all of these abnormalities and is the investigation of choice 

instead of cardiac catheterization. © 2010 Springer-Verlag. 

No.546 

Author (s) : Khumsiri, N., Jindal, R., Yoswathana, N., Jonglertjunya, W. 

Title : Degradation of humic acid in soil aqueous extract using the fenton reaction and a microbiological technique 

200


Source : Kasetsart Journal - Natural Science, Volume 44, Issue 6, November 2010, Pages 1069-1078 


Keywords : Fenton reaction; Humic acid; Lactococcus lactis; Pseudomonas fluorescens 

Abstract : In this study, the degradation of humic acid (HA) extracted from soil in aqueous solution was carried out using the Fenton 

reaction and a microbiological technique. The Fenton reaction produced hydroxyl radicals (•OH) from the catalytic 

decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by the soluble ferrous ion (Fe2+) for use in the destruction of organic pollutants. 

At pH 3.0, the ratios of HA and H2O2 of 1:560 and the H2O2 and Fe2+ ratios of 5:1 showed the maximum percentage of HA 

removal. Thus, the optimal ratio of HA:H2O2:Fe2+ for HA removal appeared to be 1:560:112. However, the highest HA 

removal per gram of soil was 30% after 3 h when using a ratio of humic acid to reagents (H2O2 and Fe2+) of 1:11200:2240. 

The comparative evaluation of two microorganisms Pseudomonas fluorescens and Lactococcus lactis for the degradation of 

HA indicated the highest removal of about 28% when using Lactococcus lactis as a single culture for soil samples within 20 d. 

No.547 

Author (s) : Khunawattanakul, W., Puttipipatkhachorn, S., Rades, T., Pongjanyakul, T. 

Title : Chitosan-magnesium aluminum silicate nanocomposite films: Physicochemical characterization and drug permeability 

Source : International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Volume 393, Issue 1-2, June 2010, Pages 220-230 


Keywords : Chitosan; Drug permeability; Heat treatment; Magnesium aluminum silicate; Nanocomposite film 

Abstract : Chitosan-magnesium aluminum silicate (CS-MAS) films were prepared and the effects of MAS content and heat treatment of 

the CS-MAS dispersion before film casting on the physicochemical and drug permeability properties of the films were 

investigated. CS could interact with MAS via electrostatic interaction and intermolecular hydrogen bonding mechanisms, 

resulting in nanocomposite formation, for which it was not necessary to apply the heat treatment on the composite 

dispersions. The nature of the exfoliated and intercalated nanocomposite films formed was depended on the MAS content 

added. The heat treatment on the composite dispersions caused an increase in tensile strength, but reduced %elongation of 

the CS-MAS nanocomposite films. The exfoliated nanocomposite films showed higher flexibility, water uptake, and drug 

permeability compared to the CS and intercalated CS-MAS nanocomposite films. At higher MAS content, the CS-MAS films 

prepared using heat treatment had a lower water uptake, resulting in lower drug permeability when compared with those 

prepared using non-heated dispersions. The permeation mechanism of non-electrolyte and negatively charged drugs across 

the CS-MAS nanocomposite films was predominantly controlled by diffusion in water-filled microchannels, whereas both 

adsorption onto MAS and diffusion processes occurred concurrently for the film permeation of positively charged drugs. The 

findings of this study suggest that CS-MAS nanocomposite films can be formed without heating of the composite dispersion 

before casting. CS-MAS nanocomposites showed strong potential to be used as a film former for coated tablets intended for 

modulating drug release. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

No.548 

Author (s) : Kiatboonsri, S., Kiatboonsri, C., Theerawit, P. 

Title : Fatal respiratory events caused by zanamivir nebulization 

Source : Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 50, Issue 4, 15 February 2010, Page 620 


Keywords : dexamethasone, oseltamivir, zanamivir; adult, case 

report, coughing, dyspnea, female, fever, filter, human, influenza, Influenza virus A H1N1, letter, medical 

nebulizer, nebulization, positive end expiratory pressure, priority journal, ventilator; Adult, Equipment Failure, Fatal 

Outcome, Female, Humans, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Influenza, Human, Nebulizers and 

Vaporizers, Oxygen, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Ventilators, Mechanical, Zanamivir 


No.549 

Author (s) : Kiatcharoenpol, T., Punnakitikashem, P., Laosirihongthong, T. 

Title : Adoption and assimilation of TQM strategy from parent company to overseas plant in Thailand 

Source : Proceedings - 2010 IEEE 17th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, IE and EM2010, 

2010, Article number 5645892, Pages 1887-1890 


201


Keywords : Adoption; Assimilation; Resource based-view; Total quality management; TQM 

Abstract : The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how the operation strategy, Total Quality Management (TQM), has been adopted 

and assimilated from parent company to oversea plant efficiently and effectively through the use of The Resource-Based 

View (RBV) theory framework. Insight experiences from a single case study of tire cord fabric manufacturing plant locating in 

Thailand are revealed. This company is an offshore plant of parent company in Turkey. The global strategic foundation of this 

company consists of resources (an employee development aligned with global strategy), values (i.e. integrity, customer focus, 

open minded, global collaboration, and results driven), and systems (enabling continual improvement and business 

excellence). In order to establish the leading edge in the market, the parent company has been transferring the platform of 

quality and operational excellence, which include TQM strategy, to all manufacturing plants over the world. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.550 

Author (s) : Kiatchoosakun, S., Keelapang, P., Kaewsuwana, P., Chotinaiwattarakul, C., Piumsomboon, C. 

Title : Percutaneous coronary intervention in the elderly: Results from the Thai National Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Registry 

(TPCIR) 

Source : EuroIntervention, Volume 6, Issue 5, November 2010, Pages 611-615 


Keywords : Angioplasty; Coronary artery disease 

Abstract : Aims: The objective of this study was to evaluate the outcomes and identify the risk factors of in-hospital mortality among 

elderly patients undergoing PCI in Thailand. Methods and results: Included in this study were 4,156 consecutive patients 

(comprising 639 elderly [age W75 years] and 3,517 non-elderly [age


decrease morbidity including mortality-associated to HIV/AIDS, adverse drug effects lead to interruptions in both HIV and TB 

therapy. In addition, an important problem when HAART is initiated in patients with TB is the possibility of developing 

immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). A six-month regimen consisting of isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, 

and ethambutal for two months followed by isoniazid and rifampicin for four months is a standard regimen for the treatment 

of known or presumed drug-susceptible TB disease. The following strategy may minimize the risk of IRIS. Patients with CD4 

cell counts < 100 cells/mm3, efavirenz-based HAART regimen is recommended and should be initiated as soon as the 

patients can tolerate TB treatment. Patients with CD4 cell counts 100-350 cells/mm3, HAART should be started at two 

months after TB treatment initiation. HAART should be deferred with closed follow-up of CD4 cell counts if patients have CD4 

cell counts > 350 cells/mm3. 

No.553 

Author (s) : Kiertiburanakul, S., Apivanich, S., Muntajit, T., Somsakul, S., Malathum, K. 

Title : Epidemiology and risk factors of catheter-associated bloodstream infections among intensive care unit patients: An experience 

from a tertiary care hospital in Thailand 

Source : Journal of Hospital Infection, Volume 76, Issue 4, December 2010, Pages 369-371 


Keywords : catheter infection, hemodialysis, hospital admission, human, infection risk, intensive care unit, letter, microbial 

contamination, tertiary health care, Thailand; Adult, Bacteremia, Catheter-Related 

Infections, Female, Hospitals, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Thailand 


No.554 

Author (s) : Kiertiburanakul, S., Apivanich, S., Muntajit, T., Sukkra, S., Sirinavin, S., Leelaudomlipi, S., Wananukul, W., Satapattayavong, B., 

Malathum, K. 

Title : H1N1 2009 influenza among healthcare workers in a tertiary care hospital in Thailand 

Source : Journal of Hospital Infection, Volume 74, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 300-302 


Keywords : influenza vaccine, oseltamivir; adult, epidemic, female, health care personnel, high risk population, hospital 

hygiene, human, infection control, influenza A (H1N1), Influenza virus A H1N1, information 

dissemination, letter, male, nonhuman, patient care planning, RNA virus infection, self care, symptom, tertiary health 

care, Thailand, vaccination, virus transmission; Adult, Disease Outbreaks, Female, Health 

Personnel, Hospitals, Humans, Incidence, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Influenza, Human, Male, Thailand, Young Adult 


No.555 

Author (s) : Kiertiburanakul, S., Wiboonchutikul, S., Sukasem, C., Chantratita, W., Sungkanuparph, S. 

Title : Using of nevirapine is associated with intermediate and reduced response to etravirine among HIV-infected patients who 

experienced virologic failure in a resource-limited setting 

Source : Journal of Clinical Virology, Volume 47, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 330-334 


Keywords : Etravirine; HIV; Nevirapine; Resistance; Resource-limited setting 

Abstract : Background: Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based regimens have been extensively used for treatment 

of HIV infection in resource-limited settings. Treatment options after failing an initial regimen are limited because of crossresistance 

of NNRTIs. Objective: To determine the factors associated with reduced response to etravirine among patients with 

virological failure. Study design: A retrospective study was conducted. We stratified patients into two groups by the total 

weighted scores of etravirine-resistance-associated mutations (ETV-RAMs), highest response (score 0-2, N = 123) and 

intermediate and reduced response (score ≥2.5, N = 61). Factors associated with a score of ≥2.5 were evaluated. Results: 

There were 184 patients with mean (SD) age of 42 (9) years old and 60% were males. Of all, 68% used NNRTI in the failing 

regimen and 51% used stavudine/lamivudine as a backbone. Common ETV-RAMs included Y181C (27%), G190A (17%), and 

K101E (10%). Higher proportion of K101E, K101P, Y181C, G190S, and M230L were found in patients with a score of ≥2.5 (p < 

0.05, all). By univariate logistic regression, using protease inhibitor (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.07-0.67), nevirapine (OR 10.56, 95% CI 

4.04-27.74), and efavirenz (OR 2.91, 95% CI 1.01-2.51) in the current regimen were associated with a score of ≥2.5. By multiple 

203


logistic regression, only using nevirapine was associated with a score of ≥2.5 (OR 7.61, 95% CI 2.40-24.06). Conclusions: Using 

nevirapine in the failing regimen was associated with intermediate and reduced response to ETV. The recommendation of 

using nevirapine as a preferred NNRTI should be re-considered in resource-limited settings where efavirenz is accessible. © 

2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.556 

Author (s) : Kijsipongse, E., Ngamsuriyaroj, S. 

Title : Placing pipeline stages on a Grid: Single path and multipath pipeline execution 

Source : Future Generation Computer Systems, Volume 26, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 50-62 


Keywords : Communication cost, Communication overheads, Computation costs, Concurrent execution, Data movements, Grid computing 

environment, Grid computing systems, Grid node, Multi-path, Novel methods, Pipeline execution, Placement 

methods, Processing Time, Scientific data, Simulated environment, Single path, Spatial parallelism, Temporal parallelism; 

Computer science, Computer systems, Data visualization, Grid computing; Pipelines 

Abstract : In a Grid computing environment, several applications such as scientific data analysis and visualization are naturally 

computation and communication intensive. These applications can be decomposed into a sequence of pipeline stages which 

can be placed on different Grid nodes for concurrent execution. Due to the aggregation of the computation and 

communication costs involved, finding the way to place such pipeline stages on a Grid in order to achieve the maximum 

application throughput becomes a challenging problem. This paper proposes a solution that considers both the pipeline 

placement and the data movement between stages. Specifically, we try to minimize the computation cost of the pipeline 

stages while preventing the communication overhead between successive stages from dominating the entire processing time. 

Our proposed solution consists of two novel methods. The first method is single path pipeline execution, which exploits only 

temporal parallelism, and the second method is multipath pipeline execution, which considers both temporal and spatial 

parallelism inherent in any pipeline applications. We evaluate our work in a simulated environment and also conduct a set of 

experiments in a real Grid computing system. When compared with the results from several traditional placement methods, 

our proposed methods give the highest throughput. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.557 

Author (s) : Kijvikai, K., Wongampornpat, T., Kongcharoensombat, W. 

Title : Laparoscopic donor nephrectomy in Ramathibodi hospital; the largest series in Thailand 

Source : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Volume: 17, Supplement: 1, Pages: A143-A144, Published: AUG 2010 




No.558 

Author (s) : Kikuchi, K., Kawahara, K., Biswas, K.K., Ito, T., Tancharoen, S., Shiomi, N., Koda, Y., Matsuda, F., Morimoto, Y., Oyama, Y., 

Takenouchi, K., Miura, N., Arimura, N., Nawa, Y., Arimura, S., Jie, M.X., Shrestha, B., Iwata, M., Mera, K., Sameshima, H., Ohno, Y., 

Maenosono, R., Tajima, Y., Uchikado, H., Kuramoto, T., Nakayama, K., Shigemori, M., Yoshida, Y., Hashiguchi, T., Maruyama, I. 

Title : HMGB1: A new marker for estimation of the postmortem interval 

Source : Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, Volume 1, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 109-111 


Keywords : Forensic medicine; High mobility group box-1; Postmortem interval 

Abstract : Estimation of the postmortem interval (PMIPMIPMI) is one of the most important tasks in forensic medicine. Numerous 

methods have been proposed for the determination of the time since death by chemical means. High mobility group box-1 

(HMHMGB1), a nonhistone DNADNADNA-binding protein is released by eukaryotic cells upon necrosis. Postmortem serum 

levels of HMGB1 of 90 male Wistar rats stored at 4, 14 and 24 °C since death were measured by enzyme-linked 

immunosorbent assay. The serum HMHMGB1 level showed a time-dependent increase up to seven days at 4 °C. At 14 °C, the 

HMGB1 level peaked at day 3, decreased at day 4, and then plateaued. At 24 °C, the HMHMGB1 level peaked at day 2, 

decreased at day 3, and then plateaued. Our findings suggest that HMGB1 is related to the PMIPMIPMI in rats. 

No.559 

204


Author (s) : Kikuchi, K., Kawahara, K.-I., Miyagi, N., Uchikado, H., Kuramoto, T., Morimoto, Y., Tancharoen, S., Miura, N., Takenouchi, K., 

Oyama, Y., Shrestha, B., Matsuda, F., Yoshida, Y., Arimura, S., Mera, K., Tada, K.-I., Yoshinaga, N., Maenosono, R., Ohno, Y., 

Hashiguchi, T., Maruyama, I., Shigemori, M. 

Title : Edaravone: A new therapeutic approach for the treatment of acute stroke 

Source : Medical Hypotheses, Volume 75, Issue 6, December 2010, Pages 583-585 


Keywords : disufenton sodium, ebselen, norphenazone, tirilazad, tissue plasminogen activator; acute hemorrhagic stroke, acute ischemic 

stroke, animal model, article, attenuation, brain edema, brain hemorrhage, brain infarction, brain ischemia, clinical trial, drug 

design, drug efficacy, drug inhibition, human, hypothesis, mouse, neurologic disease, neuroprotection, nonhuman, oxidative 

stress, rat, stroke, treatment indication, treatment outcome; Animals, Antipyrine, Free Radical 

Scavengers, Humans, Neuroprotective Agents, Rats, Stroke, Tissue Plasminogen Activator; Rattus 

Abstract : Acute stroke, including acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and acute hemorrhagic stroke, (AHS) is a common medical problem with 

particular relevance to the demographic changes in industrialized societies. In recent years, treatments for AIS have emerged, 

including thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA). Although t-PA is the most effective currently available 

therapy, it is limited by a narrow therapeutic time window and side effects, and only 3% of all AIS patients receive 

thrombolysis. Edaravone was originally developed as a potent free radical scavenger and, since 2001, has been widely used 

to treat AIS in Japan. It was shown that edaravone extended the narrow therapeutic time window of t-PA in rats. The 

therapeutic time window is very important for the treatment of AIS, and early edaravone treatment is more effective. Thus, 

more AIS patients might be rescued by administering edaravone with t-PA. Meanwhile, edaravone attenuates AHS-induced 

brain edema, neurologic deficits and oxidative injury in rats. Although edaravone treatment is currently only indicated for AIS, 

it does offer neuroprotective effects against AHS in rats. Therefore, we hypothesize that early administration of edaravone can 

rescue AHS patients as well as AIS patients. Taken together, our findings suggest that edaravone should be immediately 

administered on suspicion of acute stroke, including AIS and AHS. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. 

No.560 

Author (s) : Kim, Y.-M., Kim-Lohsoontorn, P., Bae, J. 

Title : Effect of unsintered gadolinium-doped ceria buffer layer on performance of metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells using 

unsintered barium strontium cobalt ferrite cathode 

Source : Journal of Power Sources, Volume 195, Issue 19, 1 October 2010, Pages 6420-6427 


Keywords : Barium strontium cobalt ferrite; Buffer layer; Gadolinium-doped ceria; Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell; Unsintered 

buffer layer; Unsintered cathode 

Abstract : In this study, a Gd0.1Ce0.9O1.95 (GDC) buffer layer and a Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ (BSCF) cathode, fabricated without presintering, 

are investigated (unsintered GDC and unsintered BSCF). The effect of the unsintered GDC buffer layer, including the 

thickness of the layer, on the performance of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) using an unsintered BSCF cathode is studied. The 

maximum power density of the metal-supported SOFC using an unsintered BSCF cathode without a buffer layer is 0.81 W cm- 

2, which is measured after 2 h of operation (97% H2 and 3% H2O at the anode and ambient air at the cathode), and it 

significantly decreases to 0.63 W cm-2 after 50 h. At a relatively low temperature of 800 °C, SrZrO3 and BaZrO3, arising from 

interaction between BSCF and yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), are detected after 50 h. Introducing a GDC interlayer between 

the cathode and electrolyte significantly increases the durability of the cell performance, supporting over 1000 h of cell 

usage with an unsintered GDC buffer layer. Comparable performance is obtained from the anode-supported cell when using 

an unsintered BSCF cathode with an unsintered GDC buffer layer (0.75 W cm-2) and sintered GDC buffer layer (0.82 W cm-2). 

When a sintered BSCF cathode is used, however, the performance increases to 1.23 W cm-2. The adhesion between the BSCF 

cathode and the cell can be enhanced by an unsintered GDC buffer layer, but an increase in the layer thickness (1-6 μm) 

increases the area specific resistance (ASR) of the cell, and the overly thick buffer layer causes delamination of the BSCF 

cathode. Finally, the maximum power densities of the metal-supported SOFC using an unsintered BSCF cathode and 

unsintered GDC buffer layer are 0.78, 0.64, 0.45 and 0.31 W cm-2 at 850, 800, 750 and 700 °C, respectively. © 2010 Elsevier 

B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.561 

Author (s) : Kim, K. K.; Prayoonwiwat, N.; Wicklein, E. M.; Fredrikson, S.; Langdon, D. 

205


Title : Cognitive performance in patients with early multiple sclerosis from Asia: 2-year data from CogniMS, a worldwide longitudinal 

study 





No.562 

Author (s) : Kim, K. K.; Prayoonwiwat, N.; Wicklein, E. M.; Fredrikson, S.; Langdon, D. 

Title : Neuropsychological and Health-Related Quality of Life Aspects of Early Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in Asia: Baseline Data From the 

CogniMS Study Asian Cohort 





No.563 

Author (s) : Kim-Lohsoontorn, P., Brett, D.J.L., Laosiripojana, N., Kim, Y.-M., Bae, J.-M. 

Title : Performance of solid oxide electrolysis cells based on composite La0.8Sr0.2MnO3-δ - yttria stabilized zirconia and 

Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ oxygen electrodes 

Source : International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Volume 35, Issue 9, May 2010, Pages 3958-3966 


Keywords : Area-specific resistances, Cobalt ferrites, Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements, Electrochemical 

performance, Electrolysers, Electrolysis current, Fuel cell modes, Hydrogen electrodes, Hydrogen generations, Incell, 

Lanthanum strontium manganite, Microstructural changes, Microstructure analysis, Operating condition, Operating 

temperature, Oxygen electrode, Performance degradation, Positive effects, Presence of water, Solid oxide, Solid oxide 

electrolysis cells; Barium, Barium compounds, Cells, Cobalt, Cytology, Degradation, Electrochemical corrosion, Electrochemical 

impedance spectroscopy, Electrolysis, Electrolytic cells, Ferrites, Fuel cells, Hydrogen production, Lanthanum, Manganese 

oxide, Open circuit voltage, Oxide minerals, Oxygen, Remelting, Strontium, Yttria stabilized zirconia, Yttrium alloys, Zirconia; 

Electrochemical electrodes 

Abstract : The electrochemical performance of solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) having barium strontium cobalt ferrite 

(Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ) and composite lanthanum strontium manganite-yttria stabilized zirconia (La0.8Sr0.2MnO3-δ-YSZ) 

oxygen electrodes has been studied over a range of operating conditions. Increasing the operating temperature (973 K to 1173 

K) significantly increased electrochemical performance and hydrogen generation efficiency for both systems. The presence of 

water in the hydrogen electrode was found to have a marked positive effect on the EIS response of solid oxide cell (SOC) 

under open circuit voltage (OCV). The difference in operation between electrolytic and galvanic modes was investigated. Cells 

having BSCF oxygen electrodes (Ni-YSZ/YSZ/BSCF) showed greater performance than LSM-YSZ-based cells (Ni-YSZ/YSZ/LSM- 

YSZ) over the range of temperatures, in both galvanic and electrolytic regimes of operation. The area specific resistance (ASR) 

of the LSM-YSZ-based cells remained unchanged when transitioning between electrolyser and fuel cell modes; however, the 

BSCF cells exhibited an overall increase in cell ASR of ∼2.5 times when entering electrolysis mode. Durability studies of cells 

in electrolysis mode were made over 20 h periods. Significant degradation of the BSCF cell was observed (0.02 V h-1) while 

the LSM-YSZ cell exhibited more stable performance under the same operating conditions (0.3 A cm-2, 1123 K, and H2O/H2 = 

70/30). Increasing the electrolysis current density accelerated performance degradation. Electrochemical impedance 

spectroscopy measurements and microstructure analysis were used to investigate the cause of performance degradation, with 

evidence emerging of microstructural change in the case of the BSCF electrode. © 2010 Professor T. Nejat Veziroglu. 

No.564 

Author (s) : Kimpakorn, N., Tocquer, G. 

Title : Service brand equity and employee brand commitment 

Source : Journal of Services Marketing, Volume 24, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 378-388 


Keywords : Brand equity; Brand loyalty; Brands; Employees 

206


Abstract : Purpose: The aims of this article are to measure the brand equity of service firms (luxury hotels) using a customer 

perspective, to identify factors that predict customers' brands relationships and to explore the links between service brand 

equity and employee brand commitment Design/methodology/approach: Two surveys were conducted to achieve the 

research objectives. The first survey objective was to measure brand equity using a sample of 250 international customers of 

five-star hotels in Bangkok. The second survey objective was to collect information regarding employee brand commitment in 

each selected hotel using a sample of 250 employees. Findings: Results show that hotels belonging to the same category 

have different brand equity and that brand differentiation and brand trust are the variables that have the major influence on 

customer brand relationships. Perceived service quality and associations related to hotel core services are not related to 

brand relationships. High hotel brands equity have a stronger level of employee brand commitment that low hotel brands 

equity. Research limitations/implications: For hotel managers the research findings illustrate the importance of brand 

differentiation and trust for international hotels chains and illustrate the importance of employee brand commitment in the 

process of building a strong band. Therefore this research has an implication not only for marketing but also for human 

resource managers and for hotel general managers. Originality/value: The value of this research resides in the exploration 

between service brand equity and employee brand commitment. The literature on service marketing emphasizes the link 

between employee and service quality but to the authors' knowledge little research has explored the link between the 

service brand and its employees. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited. 

No.565 

Author (s) : King, B., Yong, H.-H., Borland, R., Omar, M., Ahmad, A.A., Sirirassamee, B., Hamann, S., O'Connor, R.J., Bansal-Travers, M., Elton- 

Marshall, T., Lee, W.B., Hammond, D., Thrasher, J. 

Title : Malaysian and Thai smokers' beliefs about the harmfulness of 'light' and menthol cigarettes 

Source : Tobacco Control, Volume 19, Issue 6, December 2010, Pages 444-450 


Keywords : menthol, nicotine, tar; adolescent, adult, article, attitude to health, cultural anthropology, female, human, information 

processing, Malaysia, male, middle aged, smoking, Thailand, tobacco; Adolescent, Adult, Culture, Data Collection, Female, 

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Malaysia, Male, Menthol, Middle Aged, Nicotine, Smoking, Tars, Thailand, 

Tobacco, Young Adult 

Abstract : Objective: This study explored the extent to which Malaysian and Thai smokers believe "light" and menthol cigarettes are less 

harmful than "regular" cigarettes and the correlates of these beliefs. Methods: The study used data from wave 1 of the 

International Tobacco Control Southeast Asia Survey. 2006 adult smokers (95.3% male) from Malaysia and 2000 adult smokers 

(94.5% male) from Thailand were interviewed face to face in 2005. Results: 29% of Malaysian respondents reported currently 

smoking light cigarettes and 14% menthols, with 19% agreeing that lights are less harmful and 16% agreeing that menthols 

are less harmful. 38% of Thai respondents reported currently smoking light cigarettes and 19% menthols, with 46% agreeing 

that lights are less harmful and 35% agreeing that menthols are less harmful. Malaysian smokers reporting current use of light 

or menthol cigarettes were more likely to believe that they are less harmful. Reported use of lights did not relate to beliefs 

for Thai respondents. The belief that light and/or menthol cigarettes are less harmful was strongly related to the belief that 

they have smoother smoke. Conclusions: The experience of smoother smoke is likely to produce some level of belief in 

reduced harm, regardless of how brands are labelled and whether or not Federal Trade Commission FTC/International 

Organisation for Standardisation tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide yield figures are used. Copyright Article author (or their 

employer) 2010. 

No.566 

Author (s) : Kiratisin, P., Apisarnthanarak, A., Kaewdaeng, S. 

Title : Synergistic activities between carbapenems and other antimicrobial agents against Acinetobacter baumannii including 

multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant isolates 

Source : International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, Volume 36, Issue 3, September 2010, Pages 243-246 


Keywords : Acinetobacter baumannii; Carbapenems; Combination therapy; Synergy 

Abstract : Treatment options for multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Acinetobacter baumannii have been 

seriously limited and may require combination antimicrobial therapy. In this study, we searched for synergistic activity 

between carbapenems (doripenem, imipenem and meropenem) and various non-traditional agents (cefoperazone/sulbactam, 

doxycycline, rifampicin, netilmicin and moxifloxacin) against 40 A. baumannii clinical isolates, including MDR and XDR isolates. 

207


The results showed that combination of each carbapenem with cefoperazone/sulbactam, based on the Etest method, 

demonstrated synergy more frequently (17.5-32.5%) than the other tested agents, which may suggest a role in combination 

therapy against highly resistant A. baumannii. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. and the International Society of Chemotherapy. 

No.567 

Author (s) : Kiratisin, P., Henprasert, A. 

Title : Genotypic analysis of plasmid-mediated β-lactamases amongst Enterobacteriaceae other than Escherichia spp. and Klebsiella 

spp. that are non-susceptible to a broad-spectrum cephalosporin 

Source : International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, Volume 36, Issue 4, October 2010, Pages 343-347 


Keywords : β-Lactamase; AmpC; Carbapenemase; Cephalosporins; Enterobacteriaceae; ESBL 

Abstract : Enterobacteriaceae other than Escherichia spp. and Klebsiella spp. are recognisable for their increasing resistance. Plasmidmediated 

β-lactamases, including extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases 

(pAmpCs) and the newly emerged KPC, play an important role in β-lactam resistance. In this study, we investigated the 

genetic characteristics of plasmid-mediated β-lactamases amongst non-Escherichia, non-Klebsiella Enterobacteriaceae that 

were non-susceptible to at least a broad-spectrum cephalosporin. A total of 143 (23.9%) of 598 isolates during the 6-month 

study period met the screening criteria, amongst which 142 (99.3%) and 99 (69.2%) isolates carried ESBL and pAmpC genes, 

respectively. Resistance genotypes were described. blaKPC was not detected in isolates with reduced susceptibility to 

carbapenems. This study provides an insight into plasmid-mediated resistance determinants amongst cephalosporin-nonsusceptible 

Enterobacteriaceae other than Escherichia spp. and Klebsiella spp. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. and the International 

Society of Chemotherapy. 

No.568 

Author (s) : Kirawanich, P., Islam, N.E. 

Title : Developments in mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) and water convolvulus (Ipomoea aquatica Forssk.) yields by narrow-band 

nonionizing radiations 

Source : IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Volume 38, Issue 8 PART 2, August 2010, Article number 5419118, Pages 1942-1948 


Keywords : Agricultural applications; electromagnetic (EM) exposure chamber; nonionizing-radiation (NIR) treatment 

Abstract : A 50-Ω exposure chamber was constructed to provide a uniform electromagnetic (EM) field exposure environment for 

observations on the yields of mung beans ( Vigna radiata L.) and water convolvuluses ( Ipomoea aquatica Forssk.). The growth 

performances were compared at two radio frequencies (300 and 425 MHz) through several combinations of field strengths (1 

and 100 mW) and exposure durations (1 and 2 h). Among both frequencies, the superior enhancements in average seedling 

length of both seed varieties were observed at 425 MHz. In addition, statistical analyses of the results show that at 300 MHz, 

both seed varieties required an exposure period of 2 h to result in the growth improvement, while at 425 MHz, mung beans 

demanded less exposure duration (1 h) than did water convolvuluses (2 h) to see the development, and this could be 

explained through the specific absorption rates of EM fields inside the area under test. Among exposure cases, the highest 

growth development of 48.5% (P < 0.01) was observed in mung bean treatment when the exposure combination was 100 

mW, 1 h, and 425 MHz. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.569 

Author (s) : Kirawanich, P., Pausawasdi, N., Srisawat, C., Wilairat, D., Neatpisarnvanit, C. 

Title : Numerical schemes of nanosecond pulsed electric field systems for cell apoptosis applications 

Source : ECTI-CON 2010 - The 2010 ECTI International Conference on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Computer, 

Telecommunications and Information Technology, 2010, Article number 5491543, Pages 6-10 


Keywords : Finite-difference time-domain method; Nanosecond pulsed electric field; Transmembrane potential 

Abstract : Characteristics of a 1 J/cm3 nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) system and cells under exposures are reported here 

through a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) analysis. The system is composed of a pulse forming line (PFL) and a universal 

electroporation cuvette filled with a buffer solution. The system is primarily designed via PSPICE model. The interactions 

between the PFL and the cuvette are taken into account by one-dimensional Telegrapher's equations for the PFL and threedimensional 

Maxwell's curl equations for the cuvette volume. The voltage across the cuvette electrodes are validated 

208


through the laboratory-constructed nsPEF system. The observed electrically invisible effect of cells from transmembrane 

potentials across plasma and organelle membranes in both time and frequency domains increases the probability of electric 

field interactions with intracellular structures. 

No.570 

Author (s) : Kirawanich, P., Pausawasdi, N., Srisawat, C., Yakura, S.J., Islam, N.E. 

Title : An FDTD interaction scheme of a high-intensity nanosecond-pulsed electric-field system for in vitro cell apoptosis applications 

Source : IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Volume 38, Issue 10 PART 1, October 2010, Article number 5404942, Pages 2574-2582 


Keywords : Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method; nanosecond-pulsed electric field (nsPEF); pulse-forming line (PFL) 

Abstract : A finite-difference time-domain analysis of a high-intensity nanosecond-pulsed electric-field (nsPEF) system, composed of a 

pulse-forming line (PFL) and a universal electroporation cuvette, is described. The simulation scheme is based on interactions 

of 1-D transmission-line equations for the PFL and 3-D Maxwell's curl equations for the cuvette volume. Simulations 

incorporate system adjustment to facilitate maximum transfer of electrical energy from the PFL to the cuvette medium. 

Experimental validation of the voltage across the cuvette electrodes through the laboratory-constructed nsPEF system with 

an energy density of ∼1 J/cm3 reveals an overall agreement with some discrepancies. The distribution profiles of the 

transient field inside the cell suspension area during the excitation of 5-kV 10-ns pulses would adequately account for the 

feasibility of using an integrated model as a design benchmark for the interaction physics of the generated nanosecond pulses 

and culture vessel. The observed nsPEF effects on cells include increased transmembrane potentials across organelle 

membranes without permanently damaging the cell membrane, increasing the probability of electric field interactions with 

intracellular structures. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.571 

Author (s) : Kiriwat, O., Petyim, S. 

Title : The effects of transdermal contraception on lipid profiles, carbohydrate metabolism and coagulogram in Thai women 

Source : Gynecological Endocrinology, Volume 26, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages 361-365 


Keywords : Carbohydrate metabolism; Coagulogram; Contraceptive patch; Lipid profile 

Abstract : Objective.To evaluate the effects of the contraceptive patch on lipid profiles, carbohydrate metabolism and coagulogram in 

Thai women. Methods.Fifty healthy Thai women were assigned to use contraceptive patches. Blood chemistries test including 

liver function test, lipid profiles and coagulogram were evaluated at baseline, cycles 3 and 6. Results.Total cholesterol, 

triglyceride and HDL were significantly increased, whereas LDL was slightly decreased. The ratio of total cholesterol/HDL and 

LDL/HDL significantly decreased when applying the patch. After discontinued use of contraceptive patch, the women whose 

blood tests present hypercholesterol during patch use showed a continuous decrease in blood results of total cholesterol 

level over 3 months. Moreover, mean fasting glucose, SGOT, SGPT and alkaline phosphate were decreased. No woman 

suffering from VTE in this study. Conclusions.The use of contraceptive patch does not exert a negative effect on carbohydrate 

metabolism, lipid profile, liver function test and blood coagulogram. However, further studies are required to elucidate the 

effect of the contraceptive on the patch user in long term. © 2010 Informa UK Ltd. 

No.572 

Author (s) : Kirk, P., He, T., Anderson, L.J., Roughton, M., Tanner, M.A., Lam, W.W.M., Au, W.Y., Chu, W.C.W., Chan, G., Galanello, R., Matta, 

G., Fogel, M., Cohen, A.R., Tan, R.S., Chen, K., Ng, I., Lai, A., Fucharoen, S., Laothamata, J., Chuncharunee, S., Jongjirasiri, S., 

Firmin, D.N., Smith, G.C., Pennell, D.J. 

Title : International reproducibility of single breathhold T2* MR for cardiac and liver iron assessment among five thalassemia centers 

Source : Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Volume 32, Issue 2, August 2010, Pages 315-319 


Keywords : Cardiac siderosis; Cardiomyopathy; Cardiovascular MR; Thalassemia 

Abstract : Purpose: To examine the reproducibility of the single breathhold T2* technique fromdifferent scanners, after installation of 

standardmethodology in five international centers. Materials and Methods: Up to 10 patients from each center were scanned 

twice locally for local interstudy reproducibility of heart and liver T2*, and then flown to a central MR facility to be rescanned 

on a reference scanner for intercenter reproducibility. Interobserver reproducibility for all scans was also assessed. Results: Of 

the 49 patients scanned, the intercenter reproducibility for T2* was 5.9% for the heart and 5.8% for the liver. Local interstudy 

209


reproducibility for T2* was 7.4% for the heart and 4.6% for the liver. Interobserver reproducibility for T2* was 5.4% for the 

heart and 4.4% for the liver. Conclusion: These data indicate that T2* MR may be developed into a widespread test for tissue 

siderosis providing that well-defined and approved imaging and analysis techniques are used. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 

No.573 

Author (s) : Kitamura, S., Thong-Aree, S., Madsri, S., Poonswad, P. 

Title : Mammal diversity and conservation in a small isolated forest of southern Thailand 

Source : Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Volume 58, Issue 1, February 2010, Pages 145-156 


Keywords : Camera trapping; Dipterocarp forest; Hala-bala wildlife sanctuary; Rarefaction curve 

Abstract : Knowledge of the presence and distribution of species is crucial for designing and evaluating conservation strategies within a 

region. We conducted a camera-trapping survey of terrestrial mammal and bird diversity in a small isolated forest of southern 

Thailand over 3 yr. A total of 15 camera traps, which accumulated 11,106 camera-days, were set in three forest types: 

primary, logged, and hill forests. Despite its small size, isolation, and surrounding agricultural areas, a total of 35 mammal 

species, eight bird species, and one reptile species were recorded in the forest system. The total number of species 

photographed was similar among forest types (26-30 species), and rarefaction curves of each forest did not indicate any 

differences in the relationship between sampling effort and recorded species richness. As the activity period of these animals 

does not appear to be affected by human activities, we believe that the effect of direct poaching on large mammals in the 

study area is negligible. Although we did not observe any previously unrecorded animals in our study site, our findings are 

very valuable and point to the importance of biodiversity conservation efforts in these small fragmented and humanmodified 

forest landscapes. © National University of Singapore. 

No.574 

Author (s) : Kitani, S., Doi, M., Shimizu, T., Maeda, A., Nihira, T. 

Title : Control of secondary metabolism by farX, which is involved in the γ-butyrolactone biosynthesis of Streptomyces lavendulae 

FRI-5 

Source : Archives of Microbiology, Volume 192, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 211-220 


Keywords : D-cycloserine; Diffusing signaling molecule; Negative autoregulatory circuit; Signal transduction 

Abstract : The γ-butyrolactone signaling system is distributed widely among streptomycetes as an important regulatory mechanism of 

antibiotic production and/or morphological differentiation. IM-2 [(2R,3R,1′R)-2-(1′- hydroxybutyl)-3- hydroxymethyl-γbutanolide] 

is a γ-butyrolactone that switches off the production of D-cycloserine but switches on the production of several 

nucleoside antibiotics as well as blue pigment in Streptomyces lavendulae FRI-5. farX is a member of the afsA-family genes, 

which are proposed to encode enzymes involved in γ-butyrolactone biosynthesis. Disruption of farX caused overproduction 

of D-cycloserine, and abolished production of nucleoside antibiotic and blue pigment with the loss of IM-2 production. The 

Wnding that all phenotypic changes observed in the farX disruptant were restored by the addition of exogenous IM-2 

suggested that FarX plays a biosynthetic role in IM-2 production. Transcriptional comparison between the wild-type strain and 

the farX disruptant revealed that, in addition to already known genes farR1 and farR2, several other genes (farR4, farD, and 

farE) are under the transcriptional regulation of IM-2. Furthermore, the fact that farX transcription is under the control of IM-2 

suggested that S. lavendulae FRI-5 has a fine-tuning system to control γ-butyrolactone production. © Springer-Verlag 2010. 

No.575 

Author (s) : Kitikomonkun, P.; Charatcharoenwitthaya, P.; Chainuwatti, S.; Nimanong, S.; Pausawasdi, N.; Prachayakul, V.; Pongprasobchai, S.; 

Udompanthurak, S.; Leelakusolvong, S.; Manatsathit, S.; Kachintorn, U.; Tanwandee, T. 

Title : Use of HBsAg level alone or combined with HBV DNA can better separate truly inactive chronic hepatitis B infection from 

those with subsequent reactivation 

Source : JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY, Volume: 25, Supplement: 2, Pages: A93-A94, Published: SEP 2010 




210


No.576 

Author (s) : Kitiyanant, N.; Svendsen, C. N.; Kitiyanant, Y.; Thangnipon, W. 

Title : TROPHIC FACTORS RESCUE CHOLINERGIC FUNCTIONS FROM AMYLOID-beta-INDUCED NEUROTOXICITY IN CULTURED SEPTAL 

NEURONS 





No.577 

Author (s) : Kitkumthorn, N., Mutirangura, A. 

Title : LINE-1 methylation difference between ameloblastoma and keratocystic odontogenic tumor 

Source : Oral Diseases, Volume 16, Issue 3, April 2010, Pages 286-291 


Keywords : Ameloblastoma; COBRALINE-1; Keratocystic odontogenic tumor; LINE-1; Methylation level 

Abstract : Objective: Global hypomethylation is a common epigenetic event in cancer. Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT) and 

ameloblastoma are different tumors but posses the same tissue in origin. Here, we investigated long interspersed nuclear 

element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) methylation status between ameloblastoma and KCOT. Materials and methods: We studied the 

methylation levels of the long interspersed nucleotide element-1 (LINE-1) in ameloblastoma and KCOT. After collecting 

ameloblastoma cells and epithelium lining cells of KCOT by laser capture microdissection from paraffin embedded tissue, 

combined bisulfite restriction analysis of LINE-1 (COBRALINE-1) was performed to measure LINE-1 methylation levels. Results: 

The LINE-1 methylation level in KCOT (53.16 ± 12.03%) was higher than that in ameloblastoma (36.90 ± 16.52%), with a 

statistical significance of P = 0.001. The ranges of LINE-1 methylation of both lesions were not associated with either age or 

sex. Conclusion: We found LINE-1 hypomethylation levels between ameloblastoma and KCOT are different. Therefore, global 

methylations between these tumors are processed differently. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. 

No.578 

Author (s) : Kitkumthorn, N.; Yanatatsaneejit, P.; Rabalert, J.; Dhammawipark, C.; Mutirangura, A. 

Title : Association of P53 codon 72 polymorphism and ameloblastoma 

Source : ORAL DISEASES, Volume: 16, Issue: 7, Pages: 631-635, DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2010.01664.x, Published: OCT 2010 




No.579 

Author (s) : Kitthawee, S., Dujardin, J.-P. 

Title : The geometric approach to explore the Bactrocera tau complex (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Thailand 

Source : Zoology, Volume 113, Issue 4, August 2010, Pages 243-249 


Keywords : Bactrocera tau complex; Fruit fly; Host plants; Morphometrics; Species identification 

Abstract : Specimens of the genus Bactrocera were collected from several host plants in northern and western Thailand. They were 

morphologically recognized as Bactrocera tau and were subdivided into eleven samples according to host plant, geographic 

origin and time of collection. Twelve landmarks of the right wing were described in a total of 264 males and 276 females. An 

exploratory analysis using kernel density estimates was performed on the multivariate morphometric space. Non-parametric 

classification highlighted the existence of two non-overlapping clusters within both males and females. The clusters were not 

congruent with geography. One cluster (cluster I) contained only one plant, Momordica cochinchinensis, the other one 

(cluster II) contained five different plants including M. cochinchinensis. Further morphometric analyses on selected samples 

indicated that the influence of the plants on the shape of the wing could not explain satisfactorily the presence of two 

clusters. Genetic techniques identified the presence of B. tau cryptic species C in M. cochinchinensis from cluster I, and of B. 

tau cryptic species A in Coccinia grandis from cluster II. Our working hypothesis is that the two clusters identified by geometric 

morphometrics were species A and C, respectively. © 2010 Elsevier GmbH. 

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No.580 

Author (s) : Kittichanun, C., Phivthong-ngam, L., Niwattisaiwong, N., Piyachaturawat, P., Suksamran, A., Apipalakul, K., Lawanprasert, S. 

Title : Effects of Curcuma comosa extracts on hepatic cytochrome P450 activities in rats 

Source : Journal of Health Research, Volume 24, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 1-6 


Keywords : Curcuma comosa; Cytochrome P450; Drug interaction 

Abstract : Curcuma comosa Roxb. (Zingiberaceae) is an indigenous plant of Thailand. The rhizome of this plant has been widely used in 

Thai traditional medicine for treatment of abnormal uterine symptoms. The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of 

C. comosa hexane extract and ethanolic extract on hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) in rats. Fifty male Wistar rats were 

randomly divided into 5 groups (10 rats/group). Rats were given orally with C. comosa hexane extract or ethanolic extract (250 

and 500 mg/kg/day) or corn oil in a control group for 30 consecutive days. At the end of the treatment, rats were sacrificed 

and liver microsomes were prepared. Hepatic microsomal total CYP content and CYP activity were determined. The results 

showed that both C. comosa hexane and ethanolic extracts at 250 mg/kg/day caused a significant increase of total CYP 

contents and the activity of CYP1A1. Lower dose of both extracts (250 mg/kg/day) caused a more increase of CYP1A1 activity 

than the higher dose (500 mg/kg/day). Also, both C. comosa hexane and ethanolic extracts caused a dose-dependent 

increase of CYP2B1/2B2 activities and the increase was higher in the hexane extract group than the ethanolic extract group. 

Hexane and ethanolic extracts of C. comosa did not affect CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and CYP3A activities. These results indicated the 

possibilities of C. comosa hexane and ethanolic extracts regarding herb-drug interactions and the increase risk of toxicity, 

mutagenesis and/or carcinogenesis from drugs or compounds that are metabolized or bioactivated via CYP1A1 and 

CYP2B1/2B2. 

No.581 

Author (s) : Kittigul, L., Pombubpa, K., Taweekate, Y., Diraphat, P., Sujirarat, D., Khamrin, P., Ushijima, H. 

Title : Norovirus GII-4 2006b variant circulating in patients with acute gastroenteritis in thailand during a 2006-2007 study 

Source : Journal of Medical Virology, Volume 82, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages 854-860 


Keywords : Acute gastroenteritis; Genotype; Norovirus; RT-nested PCR; Thailand 

Abstract : Noroviruses (NoVs) are recognized as a significant cause of acute gastroenteritis in children and adults. A 14-month study, from 

January 2006 to February 2007, was undertaken in a hospital in Thailand to determine the prevalence and genetic 

characterization of NoVs in patients of all ages with acute gastroenteritis. Based on reverse transcription-nested polymerase 

chain reaction (RT-nested PCR), NoVs were detected in 122 of 273 (44.7%) collected stool samples. Of the 122 NoV-positive 

samples, 28 (23%) belonged to GI, 79 (64.8%) belonged to GII, and 15 (12.2%) were mixed infections of GI and GII strains. 

Three NoV GI-positive and 42 NoV GII-positive samples were characterized successfully by DNA sequencing of the RT-nested 

PCR products and phylogenetic analysis. For NoV GI, two genotypes were identified: GI-2 (one sample) and GI-6 (two samples). 

NoV GII could be classified further into five distinct genotypes: GII-2 (1 sample), GII-3 (3 samples), GII-4 (14 samples), GII-6 (3 

samples), and GII-17 (2 samples), and one unclassified genotype (19 samples). All NoV GII-4 strains showed 88-98% nucleotide 

identity with NoV GII-4 2006b variants reported worldwide. Among genotypes of NoV characterized, one co-infected stool 

sample exhibited NoVs GI-6 and GII-4 2006b. This study suggests that there is an important role of NoVs as etiologic agents in 

patients with acute gastroenteritis. The predominant circulating genotype of NoV infections is GII-4 2006b variant. © 2010 

Wiley-Liss, Inc. 

No.582 

Author (s) : Kittigul, L., Pombubpa, K., Sukonthalux, S., Rattanatham, T., Utrarachkij, F., Diraphat, P. 

Title : Detection of hepatitis a virus and bacterial contamination in raw oysters in Thailand 



Keywords : Hepatitis A virus; MPN; Oysters; RT-nested PCR; Virus concentration 

Abstract : This study was conducted to determine the presence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in raw oysters (Crassostrea belcheri) using a 

virus concentration method and reverse transcription-nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-nested PCR). A total of 220 oyster 

samples were collected from oyster farms and local markets in Thailand. HAV was found in three oyster samples. Nested PCR 

products of HAV detected in oysters were characterized further by DNA sequencing of the VP1/2A region and subjected to 

phylogenetic analysis. All HAV sequences (168 basepairs) were associated with human HAV subgenotype IB (GIB). Fecal 

212


coliforms and Escherichia coli were determined using the multiple tube fermentation method, to assess the microbiological 

quality of collected oysters. Among oyster samples tested, 65% had fecal coliforms higher than the standard level for raw 

shellfish [<20 Most Probable Numbers (MPN)/g]; MPN values in the range of 21.0-4.6 x 104/g. Most oyster samples (85%) 

were contaminated with E. coli in the range of 3.0-4.6 x 104MPN/g. One oyster sample with an acceptable level of fecal 

coliforms contained HAV GIB. E. coli was found in all HAV-positive oyster samples. The results suggest a significant presence of 

HAV and bacterial indicators of fecal contamination in raw oysters, which are a health risk for consumers and a source of 

gastrointestinal illness. Enteric viruses should also be tested to assess the microbiological quality of oysters. 

No.583 

Author (s) : Kladsomboon, S., Pratontep, S., Kerdcharoen, T. 

Title : Optical electronic nose based on porphyrin and phthalocyanine thin films 




Keywords : Absorption spectral data, Beverage industry, Chemical vapor, Data analysis, Data groups, Gas exposure, Iso-propanols, Methyl 

benzoate, Molecular sensing, Optical electronics, Organic films, Principal components analysis, Product quality, Sensing 

films, Sensing layers, Spin-coated thin films, UV-Vis spectrophotometers; Absorption spectroscopy, Acetone, Artificial 

organs, Beverages, Chlorine compounds, Data reduction, Ethanol, Gas absorption, Information technology, Infrared 

spectrophotometers, Manganese, Manganese compounds, Meteorological instruments, Methanol, Nitrogen 

compounds, Porphyrins, Principal component analysis, Spectrophotometers, Spectrophotometry, Spin dynamics, Thin 

films, Vapors, Volatile organic compounds, Zinc, Zinc coatings, Zinc compounds; Gas permeable membranes 

Abstract : The classification of product quality based on an optical electronic nose is becoming an instrument of much interest in 

beverage industry. The optical electronic nose is composed of a molecular sensing layer, UV-Vis spectrophotometer and a 

data analysis unit. The sensing layer was fabricated from 3 types of organic compounds, namely Zinc-2,9,16,23- tetra- tert- 

butyl- 29H,31H- phthalocyanine (ZnTTBPc), Zinc-5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl- 21H,23H-porphyrin (ZnTPP) and manganese(III)- 

5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21H,23H- porphyrin chloride (MnTPPCl) by using the spin-coating technique. The UV-Vis 

Spectrophotometer set up was used to detect gases and chemical vapors by measuring changes in the absorption spectrum 

of the spin-coated thin film upon gas exposure. The sensitivity of the organic film was tested by using volatile organic 

compounds (VOCs) vapor, for instance, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, acetone (5% eq.), acetic acid (5% eq.) and methyl 

benzoate (5% eq.), which are common VOCs in food and beverages. The Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was then 

applied to the absorption spectral data to classify the type of the tested chemical vapors. The results indicate that this 

sensing film with the three organic compounds produced a good separation of data groups according to the chemical type. 

No.584 

Author (s) : Kladsomboon, S., Puntheeranurak, T., Pratontep, S., Kerdcharoen, T. 

Title : An artificial nose based on M-porphyrin (M = Mg, Zn) thin film and optical spectroscopy 



Keywords : Alcoholic beverages, Artificial nose, Classification results, Density functional theory calculations, Food industries, Optical 

absorbance, Optical gas sensors, Optical spectroscopy, Polycrystalline structure, Principle component analysis, Sensing 

material, UV-vis spectroscopy, X-rays diffraction; Atomic force microscopy, Density functional theory, Flow 

patterns, Magnesium, Methanol, Nanoelectronics, Polycrystalline materials, Porphyrins, Quality assurance, Quality control, Thin 

films, Total quality management, Ultraviolet spectroscopy, Volatile organic compounds, Zinc, Zinc compounds; Beverages 

Abstract : Artificial nose has recently become an emerging instrument for quality assurance in the food industry. These paper presents 

the optical gas sensors based on Magnesium - 5,10,15,20 - tetra phenyl - porphyrin (MgTPP) and Zinc - 5,10,15,20 - tetra 

phenyl- porphyrin (ZnTPP) thin films and their application as an artificial nose. Based on the measurement of optical 

absorbance response using a general UV-Vis spectroscopy, this artificial noses was tested to discriminate various volatile 

organic compounds (VOCs) and Thai beverages. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-rays diffraction were used to confirm 

the polycrystalline structure of the sensing materials. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that MgTPP interacts 

more strongly with the VOCs than ZnTPP, especially with water and methanol. The classification results of VOCs and Thai 

beverage vapors using the principle component analysis indicate that both MgTPP and ZnTPP-based artificial noses can be an 

efficient tool for quality assurance of alcoholic beverages. ©2010 IEEE. 

213


No.585 

Author (s) : Klainin, P., Ounnapiruk, L. 

Title : A meta-analysis of self-care behavior research on elders in thailand: An update 

Source : Nursing Science Quarterly, Volume 23, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 156-163 


Keywords : Elderly; Orem; Self-care behavior; Thailand 

Abstract : Self-care is essential for elderly individuals to maintain their optimal level of health. This meta-analysis was conducted to 

summarize research findings relating to self-care among the elderly in Thailand. Twenty studies undertaken from 1990 to 

2008 were used and 328 effect sizes were computed. Most studies were unpublished master's theses guided by Orem's selfcare 

deficit theory. Data were collected in these studies by face-to-face interviews. Variables with the largest effect sizes 

encompassed self-concept, social support, and self-efficacy. Those with medium effect sizes entailed family relationships, 

overall health beliefs, internal locus of control, health status, and external locus of control. Results from this meta-analysis is 

useful information for nursing. © The Author(s) 2010. 

No.586 

Author (s) : Klin-eam, C., Suantai, S. 

Title : Fixed point theorems for α-nonexpansive mappings 

Source : Applied Mathematics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 728-731 


Keywords : α-nonexpansive mapping; Contraction; Fixed point; Lipschitzian mapping 

Abstract : In this paper, we prove some fixed point theorems of α-nonexpansive mappings introduced by Goebel and Pineda (2007) [1]. 

Moreover, the demiclosedness principle for theα-nonexpansive mappings is also established. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights 

reserved. 

No.587 

Author (s) : Kockan, I., Daim, T.U., Gerdsri, N. 

Title : Roadmapping future powertrain technologies: A case study of Ford Otosan 

Source : International Journal of Technology, Policy and Management, Volume 10, Issue 1-2, June 2010, Pages 157-184 


Keywords : Automotive; Decision making; Powertrain; Technology development envelope; Technology roadmap 

Abstract : This study explores future powertrain systems with the aim of defining the most probable implantation road map for the 

different alternatives to improve powertrain efficiency. A new methodology called technology development envelope (TDE) 

for transforming the roadmapping approach to the level in which it is dynamic, flexible and operationalisable is used for a 

case study of Ford Otosan's technological planning concept. In the first section, technologic roadmapping methodology is 

explained. As a next step, each powertrain solution is explained. Advantages regarding efficiency, fuel consumption, costeffectiveness, 

emissions, infrastructure and performance have been listed. In the next sections, TDE methodology and the 

application DELPHI method are described in detail. A series of criteria and sub-factors have been generated with the aim to 

compare the different powertrain systems to identify the best solutions. Copyright © 2010 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. 

No.588 

Author (s) : Koh, G.C.K.W., Limmathurotsakul, D. 

Title : Gamma interferon supplementation for melioidosis 

Source : Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Volume 54, Issue 10, October 2010, Page 4520 


Keywords : ceftazidime, gamma interferon, gamma1b interferon; antibiotic therapy, drug effect, letter, low drug 

dose, melioidosis, nonhuman, priority journal, survival rate; Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Burkholderia 

pseudomallei, Ceftazidime, Cell Division, Disease Models, Animal, Drug Synergism, Drug Therapy, 

Combination, Female, Interferon-gamma, Macrophages, Melioidosis, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C 


No.589 

Author (s) : Koh, G.C.K.W., Maude, R.J., Paris, D.H., Newton, P.N., Blacksell, S.D. 

214


Title : Review: Diagnosis of scrub typhus 

Source : American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 82, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 368-370 


Keywords : antiinfective agent, bacterial DNA, beta lactam antibiotic, bacterial antigen; agglutination test, antibody detection, antibody 

titer, antigen detection, antigenic variation, antimicrobial therapy, Australia, bacterial strain, bacterial transmission, bacterium 

culture, bacterium isolate, base pairing, biosafety, confidence interval, disease surveillance, DNA 

extraction, fever, fluorescence microscope, fluorescent antibody technique, gene amplification, gene sequence, gene 

targeting, human, immunity, in vitro study, inoculation, Japan, loop isothermal 

amplification, Malaysia, mite, mortality, nonhuman, nucleic acid amplification, Orientia tsutsugamushi, polymerase chain 

reaction, rash, review, scrub typhus, sensitivity and specificity, serodiagnosis, serology, serotype, South 

Korea, standard, Trombiculidae, genetic procedures, immunoassay, microbiology; Acari, Trombiculidae; Antigens, 

Bacterial, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect, Genetic Techniques, Humans, Immunoassay, Scrub Typhus 

Abstract : Scrub typhus is transmitted by trombiculid mites and is endemic to East and Southeast Asia and Northern Australia. The 

clinical syndrome classically consists of a fever, rash, and eschar, but scrub typhus also commonly presents as an 

undifferentiated fever that requires laboratory confirmation of the diagnosis, usually by indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) 

assay. We discuss the limitations of IFA, debate the value of other methods based on antigen detection and nucleic acid 

amplification, and outline recommendations for future study. Copyright © 2010 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine 

and Hygiene. 

No.590 

Author (s) : Koh, G.C.K.W.; Maude, R.J.; Paris, D.H.; Newton, P.N.; Blacksell, S.D. 

Title : Diagnosis of Scrub Typhus 

Source : AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE, Volume: 82, Issue: 3, Pages: 368-370, DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09- 

0233, Published: MAR 2010 



Abstract : Scrub typhus is transmitted by trombiculid mites and is endemic to East and Southeast Asia and Northern Australia. The 

clinical syndrome classically consists of a fever, rash, and eschar, but scrub typhus also commonly presents as an 

undifferentiated fever that requires laboratory confirmation of the diagnosis, usually by indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) 

assay. We discuss the limitations of IFA, debate the value of other methods based oil antigen detection and nucleic acid 

amplification, and outline recommendations for future study. 

No.591 

Author (s) : Koletzko, B., Baker, S., Cleghorn, G., Neto, U.F., Gopalan, S., Hernell, O., Hock, Q.S., Jirapinyo, P., Lonnerdal, B., Pencharz, P., 

Pzyrembel, H., Ramirez-Mayans, J., Shamir, R., Turck, D., Yamashiro, Y., Zong-Yi, D. 

Title : Global standard for the composition of infant formula: Recommendations of an ESPGHAN coordinated international expert 

group 

Source : Japanese Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Volume 38, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 689-710 


Keywords : ascorbic acid, calcium, carbohydrate, cyanocobalamin, erucic acid, essential fatty acid, folic 

acid, fructose, glucose, iodine, lactose, lauric acid, magnesium, manganese, milk protein, mineral, myristic 

acid, nicotinamide, nitrogen, pantothenic acid, phosphorus, retinol, riboflavin, starch, sucrose, thiamine, trace element, trans 

fatty acid, vitamin D, vitamin K group; amino acid composition, artificial milk, calorie, food composition, infant 

nutrition, international cooperation, lipid composition, medical society, practice guideline, protein 

content, review, standard, world health organization 


No.592 

Author (s) : Kondo, S., Trakoolsomboon, S., Smittipat, N., Juthayothin, T., Palittapongarnpim, P. 

Title : Pulsed field gel electrophoresis analysis of vibrio cholerae isolates in southern Thailand 



215


Keywords : PFGE; Southern Thailand; V. cholerae 

Abstract : Forty isolates of V. cholorae O1, O139 and non-O1/non-O139 collected from outbreaks in Songkhla and Phuket Provinces of 

southern Thailand during 1999-2001 and sporadic cases from different regions of Thailand during 1993-2002 were 

characterized using pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Digestion of chromosomal DNA of the V. cholerae isolates with 

restriction endonuclease NotI, followed by PFGE, generated 10 distinct restriction endonuclease analysis patterns consisting of 

8 to 13 bands, ranging in size from 78 to 394 kb. PFGE patterns of O1 Inaba strains from the outbreak in Songkhla were 

identical (P1) except one isolate (P3). The O1 Inaba outbreak strains from Phuket in the same period belonged to P2 pattern, 

whereas the O1 Ogawa strain from the outbreak in Phuket isolated in 1999 was of P7 pattern. These patterns of O1 Inaba and 

Ogawa strains were slightly different suggesting that the isolates were epidemiologically related and therefore the outbreaks 

were likely due to the same V. cholerae clone. Isolates of V. cholerae O1 Inaba from sporadic cases in the neighboring area 

(eg, Pattani Province) in a similar period of time of the outbreak in Songkhla Province had very similar patterns, with only one 

single band different from those of the outbreak isolates. This indicates that the Inaba strains isolated from Songkhla Province 

during the 2001 cholera outbreak belonging to P1 pattern had not spread to other regions in 2001 and 2002. On the 

otherhand, the sporadic isolates collected from other regions of Thailand were quite distinct from the outbreak isolates in 

Songkhla Province, especially those from Chaiyaphum and Chaing Mai Provinces, which belonged to P5 and P6 pattern, 

respectively. Isolates of V. cholerae O139 and non-O1/non-O139 gave different patterns from that of V. cholerae O1. This 

study shows that the PFGE technique is markedly advantageous in distinguishing strains of V. cholerae isolates leading to 

insightful detailed charateristics of these isolates in Thailand. 

No.593 

Author (s) : Kongchareonsombat, W., Atichoksakun, S., Kitvikai, K., Patcharatrakul, S., Chaimuengraj, S. 

Title : Extraperitoneal versus transperitoneal approach of laparoscopic ureterolithotomy in selected patients 



Keywords : Extraperitoneal; Intraperitoneal; Laparoscopic ureterolithotomy; Outcomes 

Abstract : Objective: To evaluate laparoscopic ureterolithotomy between extraperitoneal and intraperitoneal approach in patients with 

failure for Extracoporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and endoscopic procedure of stone removal. Material and Method: A 

retrospective review was performed in 39 patients (40 stone units) underwent laparoscopic ureterolithotomy (extraperitoneal 

or intraperitoneal approach) in Ramathibodi Hospital between July 1997 and December 2007. The patients who had a large, 

impacted ureteric stone more than 1.5 cm or after failure of ESWL and endoscopic procedure were included. The data was 

collected and compared in operative time, estimated blood loss (EBL), duration of retaining drain (days) and complications. 

Results: The EBL, operative time and duration of retaining drain were 100 cc, 125.8 minutes and 3 days in the extraperitoneal 

group and 51 cc, 128 minutes and 5.8 days in the intraperitoneal group, respectively. The duration of retaining drain in the 

transperitoneal group was significant longer than the extraperitoneal group (p = 0.002). The EBL, operative time and 

complication were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: There does not seem to be a clear 

advantage to using a transperitoneal versus extraperitoneal approach for laparoscopic ureterolithotomy, depending on 

physician preference. 

No.594 

Author (s) : Kongkachuichai, R., Charoensiri, R., Sungpuag, P. 

Title : Carotenoid, flavonoid profiles and dietary fiber contents of fruits commonly consumed in Thailand 

Source : International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Volume 61, Issue 5, August 2010, Pages 536-548 


Keywords : carotenoids; dietary fiber; flavonoids; Thai fruit 

Abstract : Soluble and insoluble dietary fiber and flavonoid contents in 21 varieties of Thai fruits, as well as carotenoids in five varieties 

of ripe durians were determined. Fresh fruits were purchased from five local markets in Bangkok during July 2008-May 2009. 

Dietary fiber content ranged from 0.71 to 3.58 g/100 g edible portion, with all five varieties of durian, guava, ripe banana and 

papaya being good sources of dietary fiber. Durian (Chanee, Kradom, and Puang manee variety) having yellow to deep-yellow 

color pulp had the highest carotenoid content. Durian, pomelo, guava and ripe banana were good sources of flavonoids; 

especially pomelo (Thong dee and Tuptimsayam variety) showed the greatest total flavonoid content (13,994.21 and 

15,094.99 μg/100 g edible portion). Data in this study demonstrated that Thai fruits are not only a good source of dietary 

fiber but also a good source of carotenoids and flavonoids. © 2010 Informa UK Ltd. 

216


No.595 

Author (s) : Kongkaew, C., Loykulnant, S., Chaikumpollert, O., Suchiva, K. 

Title : Creaming of skim natural rubber latex with chitosan derivatives 

Source : Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Volume 115, Issue 2, 15 January 2010, Pages 1022-1031 


Keywords : Biopolymers; Modification; Phase separation; Rubber 

Abstract : To recover residual rubber from skim natural rubber (SNR) latex, a novel method was developed on the basis of the use of 

water-soluble chitosan derivatives. An anionic chitosan derivative, N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCh), and a cationic chitosan 

derivative, N-(2-hydroxy)propyl-3-trimethylammonium chitosan chloride (HTACh), were prepared. It was found that the 

creaming process could be achieved with both chitosan derivatives. By the addition of 7.34-10.3-g/L CMCh, SNR latex was 

almost completely creamed, and no coagulation of SNR particles in the cream phase occurred. In the case of HTACh, the 

creaming process was achieved with a lower concentration (<3.70 g/L) than in the case of CMCh, but the size of SNR 

particles in the cream phase was larger. Solid-state 13C-NMR, thermogravimetric analysis, and f potential measurement results 

provided evidence that the creaming of SNR latex with CMCh and HTACh was controlled by the depletion flocculation and 

adsorption mechanisms, respectively. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 

No.596 

Author (s) : Kongkathip, B., Sutthiprabha, S., Yoosook, C., Mongkolsook, Y., Kongkathip, N. 

Title : Determination of a pyranocoumarin and three carbazole compounds in Clausena excavata by RP-HPLC 

Source : Journal of Chromatographic Science, Volume 48, Issue 6, July 2010, Pages 445-449 


Keywords : carbazole derivative, methanol, plant extract, pyranocoumarin derivative; article, chemistry, Clausena, high performance liquid 

chromatography, methodology, plant root, reversed phase liquid chromatography, statistical model; 

Carbazoles, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Chromatography, Reverse-Phase, Clausena, Linear Models, Methanol, Plant 

Extracts, Plant Roots, Pyranocoumarins; Clausena, Clausena excavata, Excavata, Human immunodeficiency virus, Human 

immunodeficiency virus 1 

Abstract : Clausenidin, O-methylmukonal, 3-formyl-2,7-dimethoxycarbazole, and clauszoline-J, isolated from the rhizomes and roots of 

Clausena excavata, exhibit anti-HIV-1 activity in a syncytial assay with EC50 values of 5.3, 12.0, 29.1, and 34.2 μM, 

respectively. Due to the highly active anti-HIV-1 property, quantitative analysis of four compounds are investigated. The direct 

analysis of these four compounds in the crude extracts of the combined rhizomes and roots of Clausena excavata from ten 

various sources in Thailand by high-performance liquid chromatography is accomplished. Chromatographic separation is 

achieved on a C18 column, and the mobile phase is a mixture of methanol and distilled water in a mode of isocratic or 

gradient elution detected at 254 nm at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min for clausenidin, at 274 nm at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min for 

O-methylmukonal, at 298 nm at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min for 3-formyl-2,7-dimethoxycarbazole, and at 242 nm at a flow rate 

of 0.4 mL/min for clauszoline-J. This is the first quantitative analysis of these four anti-HIV-1 compounds from the crude 

extract without prior isolation and purification steps. 

No.597 

Author (s) : Kongkathip, N., Pradidphol, N., Hasitapan, K., Grigg, R., Kao, W.-C., Hunte, C., Fisher, N., Warman, A.J., Biagini, G.A., Kongsaeree, 

P., Chuawong, P., Kongkathip, B. 

Title : Transforming rhinacanthin analogues from potent anticancer agents into potent antimalarial agents 

Source : Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, Volume 53, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 1211-1221 


Keywords : 1,4 naphthoquinone derivative, 3 (1,4 d ihydro 2 hydroxy 1,4 dioxonaphthalen 3 yl) 2,2 dimethylpropyl 2 methylbutanoate, 3 

(1,4 dihydro 2 hydroxy 1,4 dioxonaphthalen 3 yl) 2,2 dimethylpropyl 2 ethylbutanoate, 3 (1,4 dihydro 2 hydroxy 1,4 

dioxonaphthalen 3 yl) 2,2 dimethylpropyl 2 methyl octanoate, 3 (1,4 dihydro 2 hydroxy 1,4 dioxonaphthalen 3 yl) 2,2 

dimethylpropyl 2 methylbutanoate, 3 (1,4 dihydro 2 hydroxy 1,4 dioxonaphthalen 3 yl) 2,2 dimethylpropyl 2 

methylpentanoate, 3 (1,4 dihydro 2 hydroxy 1,4 dioxonaphthalen 3 yl) 2,2 dimethylpropyl 3 methylpentanoate, 3 (1,4 dihydro 

2 hydroxy 1,4 dioxonaphthalen 3 yl) 2,2 dimethylpropyl acetate, 3 (1,4 dihydro 2 hydroxy 1,4 dioxonaphthalen 3 yl) 2,2 

dimethylpropyl butyrate, 3 (1,4 Dihydro 2 hydroxy 1,4 dioxonaphthalen 3 yl) 2,2 dimethylpropyl decanoate, 3 (1,4 dihydro 2 

hydroxy 1,4 dioxonaphthalen 3 yl) 2,2 dimethylpropyl dodecanoate, 3 (1,4 dihydro 2 hydroxy 1,4 dioxonaphthalen 3 yl) 2,2 

217


dimethylpropyl heptanoate, 3 (1,4 dihydro 2 hydroxy 1,4 dioxonaphthalen 3 yl) 2,2 dimethylpropyl hexanoate, 3 (1,4 dihydro 

2 hydroxy 1,4 dioxonaphthalen 3 yl) 2,2 dimethylpropyl isobutyrate, 3 (1,4 dihydro 2 hydroxy 1,4 dioxonaphthalen 3 yl) 2,2 

dimethylpropyl isovalerate, 3 (1,4 dihydro 2 hydroxy 1,4 dioxonaphthalen 3 yl) 2,2 dimethylpropyl nonanoate, 3 (1,4 dihydro 

2 hydroxy 1,4 dioxonaphthalen 3 yl) 2,2 dimethylpropyl octanoate, 3 (1,4 dihydro 2 hydroxy 1,4 dioxonaphthalen 3 yl) 2,2 

dimethylpropyl palmitate, 3 (1,4 dihydro 2 hydroxy 1,4 dioxonaphthalen 3 yl) 2,2 dimethylpropyl pentanoate, 3 (1,4 dihydro 2 

hydroxy 1,4 dioxonaphthalen 3 yl) 2,2 dimethylpropyl propionate, 3 (1,4 dihydro 2 hydroxy 1,4 dioxonaphthalen 3 yl) 2,2 

dimethylpropyl stearate, 3 (1,4 dihydro 2 hydroxy 1,4 dioxonaphthalen 3 yl) 2,2 dimethylpropyl tetradecanoate, 3 (1,4 

dihydro 2 hydroxy 1,4 dioxonaphthalen 3 yl) 2,2 dimethylpropyl undecanoate, 3 (1,4 dihydro 2 hydroxy 1,4 dioxonaphthalen 

3 yl)propyl acetate, 3 (1,4 dihydro 2 hydroxy 1,4 dioxonaphthalen 3 yl)propyl butyrate, antimalarial agent, antineoplastic 

agent, monomer, rhinacanthin, unclassified drug, unindexed drug; antimalarial activity, article, cytotoxicity, drug synthesis, IC 

50, nonhuman, Plasmodium falciparum, rat, Vero cell; Animals, Antimalarials, Antineoplastic Agents, Cell 

Survival, Cercopithecus aethiops, Electron Transport Complex III, Erythrocytes, Inhibitory Concentration 50, Malaria, 

Falciparum, Male, Mitochondrial Membranes, Naphthoquinones, Plasmodium falciparum, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Saccharomyces 

cerevisiae, Structure-Activity Relationship, Vero Cells 

Abstract : Twenty-six novel naphthoquinone aliphatic esters were synthesized by esterification of 1,4-naphthoquinone alcohols with 

various aliphatic acids. The 1,4-naphthoquinone alcohols were prepared from 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid in nine steps with 

excellent yields. Twenty-four of the novel synthetic naphthoquinone esters showed significant antimalarial activity with IC 50 

values in the range of 0.03-16.63 μM. The length of the aliphatic chain and the presence of C-2′ substituents on the propyl 

chain affected the activity. Interestingly, compounds 31 and 37 showed very good antimalarial activity and were not toxic to 

normal Vero cells, and the PTI values of 31 (> 1990.38) and 37 (1825.94) are excellent. Both 31 and 37 showed potent 

inhibition against P. falciparum 3D7 cyt bc1 and no inhibition on rat cyt bc1. They showed IC50 values in the nanomolar 

range, providing full inhibition of cyt bc1 with one molecule inhibitor bound per cyt bc1 monomer at the Qo site. © 2010 

American Chemical Society. 

No.598 

Author (s) : Kongkiatpaiboon, S., Gritsanapan, W. 

Title : Distribution, bioactive components and biological activities of Stemona species in Thailand 

Source : Medicinal Plants - International Journal of Phytomedicines and Related Industries, Volume 2, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 1-12 


Keywords : Antitussive; Insecticide; Stemona; Stemona alkaloids; Stemonaceae; Stilbenoids 

Abstract : Phytochemical investigations of Stemona species have revealed the presence of alkaloids, stilbenoids, tocopherols 

(chromenols), etc. Stemona alkaloids constitute a unique chemical feature of the Stemonaceae and cannot be detected so 

far in any other plant families. Their alkaloid structures are characterized by a pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepine core which can be 

classified into three types based on biosynthetic consideration i.e. stichoneurine-(tuberostemonine-), protostemonine- and 

croomine-types of alkaloids. Tuberosa group contains stichoneurine- and croomine-types, demonstrating antitussive activity, 

while non-tuberosa group contains protostemonine type alkaloid which promotes potent insecticidal activity. Biological 

testings showed that insecticide and antitussive activities of Stemona are depended on Stemona alkaloids while antifungal 

activity against plant-pathogenic fungi is depended on the presence of stilbenoids. Moreover, preliminary tests on anticancer 

and antioxidant activities of some Stemona species have also been reported. 

No.599 

Author (s) : Kongkiatpaiboon, S., Keeratinijakal, V., Gritsanapan, W. 

Title : Microscopic characterization as a tool for separation of Stemona groups 

Source : Pharmacognosy Journal, Volume 2, Issue 17, December 2010, Pages 1-4 


Keywords : Non Tai Yak; Protostemonine; Stemona; Stemonaceae; Stichoneurine 

Abstract : Introduction: Stemona plants have been traditionally used as an insecticide, scabicide and pediculocide, and for the 

treatment of skin and respiratory diseases. Stemona can be separated into two groups according to their morphological 

characters and bioactive components i.e. stichoneurine and protostemonine groups. Protostemonine group contains alkaloids 

that possess potent insecticidal activity while stichoneurine group accumulates alkaloids with antitussive activity. In Thailand, 

a vernacular name "Non Tai Yak" refers to the roots of different species of Stemona, making it confusing to discern different 

species. The purposes of this study are to investigate the microscopic characteristics of the roots of seven species of Stemona 

218


growing in Thailand and to distinguish and identify these groups of Stemona. Methods: Cross-sectional histology of fresh root 

samples and powdered drug characteristics of 7 species of Stemona were studied under a microscope. Results: The roots of 

Stemona in the stichoneurine group (S. tuberosa and S. phyllantha) contained a non-lignified large pith while the roots of 

protostemonine group (S. burkillii, S. cochinchinensis, S. collinsiae, S. curtisii and S. kerrii) had a small lignified one. The 

powder of stichoneurine group contained numerous thin-walled parenchyma, but only few thick-walled parenchyma and 

lignified fibers and vessels were present. In contrast, thick-walled parenchyma and lignified fibers and vessels were frequently 

found in the powdered roots of protostemonine Stemona. These characteristics could be used to discern between Stemona 

in the stichoneurine and protostemonine groups. Conclusions: The microscopic characterizations can be used as a primary 

tool to categorize and separate 2 main Stemona groups. 

No.600 

Author (s) : Kongsaeree, P.T., Ratananikom, K., Choengpanya, K., Tongtubtim, N., Sujiwattanarat, P., Porncharoennop, C., Onpium, A., Svasti, 

J. 

Title : Substrate specificity in hydrolysis and transglucosylation by family 1 β-glucosidases from cassava and Thai rosewood 

Source : Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic, Volume 67, Issue 3-4, December 2010, Pages 257-265 


Keywords : β-Glucosidase; Dalcochinase; Linamarase; Substrate specificity; Transglucosylation 

Abstract : Thai rosewood (Dalbergia cochinchinensis Pierre) dalcochinase and cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) linamarase are 

glycoside hydrolase family 1 β-glucosidases with 47% amino acid sequence identity. Each enzyme can hydrolyze its natural 

substrate, dalcochinin-8′-O-β-d-glucoside and linamarin, respectively, but not the natural substrate of the other enzyme. 

Linamarase can transfer glucose to primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols with high efficiency, while dalcochinase can 

transglucosylate primary and secondary alcohols at moderate levels. In this study, eight amino acid residues in the aglycone 

binding pocket of dalcochinase were individually replaced with the corresponding residues of linamarase, in order to identify 

residues that may account for their catalytic differences. The residues I185 and V255 of dalcochinase appeared important for 

its substrate specificity, with their respective mutations resulting in 24- and 12-fold reductions in k cat/Km for the hydrolysis of 

dalcochinin-8′-O- β-d-glucoside. Transglucosylation activity was improved when I185, N189 and V255 of dalcochinase were 

replaced with A201, F205 and F271 of linamarase, respectively, suggesting these residues support transglucosylation in 

linamarase. Among these three mutants, only the N189F mutant showed significant increases in the rate constants for the 

reactivation of trapped glucosyl-enzyme intermediates by all alcohols. Together, our results suggest that both hydrophobicity 

and geometry are important determinants for substrate specificity in hydrolysis and transglucosylation by these family 1 βglucosidases. 

© 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.601 

Author (s) : Kongtip, P., Borisut, P., Yoosook, W., Osiri, P., Rojanavipart, P. 

Title : Development of an airborne lead analysis kit and its application 



Keywords : Airborne lead analysis; Colorimetric method 

Abstract : We developed a method to analyze airborne lead concentrations in the field. It was a modification of the colorimetric 

method using the reaction between 4(2-pyridylazo)-resorcinol (PAR) and lead with cyanex302 in an acid medium to reduce 

interfering metals. The lead concentration was detected with a photometer made in Thailand. The developed method uses 

an impinger containing 1% nitric acid solution as an absorbing agent to collect airborne lead at a flow rate of less than or 

equal to one liter/minute. Cyanex302 solution in toluene was used to extract metals from the samples and 0.1M nitric acid 

was used to extract just lead. The lead solution was reacted in 0.5 ml of 0.03% PAR solution, with 1 ml ammonium chloride 

buffer; the absorption of this solution was measured by a photometer. The results show the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.01 

mg/l. The limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.03 mg/l. The percent recovery of the lead concentrations of 0.05 - 3.0 mg/l was 

94.0 to 103.5%. The precision presented as %CV ranged from 0.65 to 10.27%. Lead concentration in a lead smelting factory 

detected by this method was not significantly different from that detected by the NIOSH method: 7,303 at a 95% confidence 

level. 

No.602 

Author (s) : Koomanachai, P., Bulik, C.C., Kuti, J.L., Nicolau, D.P. 

219


Title : Pharmacodynamic modeling of intravenous antibiotics against gram-negative bacteria collected in the United States 

Source : Clinical Therapeutics, Volume 32, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 766-779 


Keywords : Acinetobacter baumannii; Escherichia coli; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Monte Carlo 

simulation; Pharmacodynamic; Pseudomonas aeruginosa 

Abstract : Background: In the era of escalating antimicrobial resistance, the choice of effective empiric antimicrobial therapy has become 

considerably more difficult. In an attempt to improve antimicrobial selection, pharmacodynamic modeling that considers the 

drug, dose, dosing interval, and duration of infusion is increasingly used as a tool to assist in the clinical decision-making 

process. Objective: The aim of the PASSPORT (Probability of target attainment of Antibacterial agents Studied for 

Susceptibility and Pharmacodynamic Optimization in Regional Trials) study was to compare the probabilities of achieving 

requisite pharmacodynamic exposure (eg, T>MIC, AUC/MIC) of common intravenous antibiotics against Escherichia coli, 

Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methods: Using a 5000-patient Monte Carlo 

simulation, pharmacodynamic analyses were conducted for standard and high-dose, prolonged (ie, 3-to 4-hour) infusions of 

cefepime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, doripenem, ertapenem, imipenem, levofloxacin, meropenem, and 

piperacillin/tazobactam in adult patients with normal renal function (≥50 mL/min). MIC data were incorporated from the 2008 

TRUST (Tracking Resistance in the United States Today)-12 surveillance program, a long-running resistance study in 56 

participating US hospitals. The cumulative fraction of response (CFR) was determined for each regimen against each 

population of E coli, K pneumoniae, A baumannii, and P aeruginosa. Optimal CFR was defined a priori as ≥90%. Results: All of 

the β-lactam regimens had optimal CFRs against E coli, and all but piperacillin/tazobactam 3.375 g q6h had optimal CFRs 

against K pneumoniae. The fluoroquinolones had the lowest CFRs against all of the pathogen populations tested (73.2%- 

88.9%. against E coli and K pneumortfae; 44.5 %-61.9 % against A baumannii and P aeruginosa). Optimal CFR against A 

baumannii was not achieved with any of the regimens. Against P aeruginosa, high-dose, prolonged-infusion doripenem and 

meropenem had CFRs of 97.2% to 98.8%, followed by high-dose, prolonged-infusion ceftazidime (93.3%) and cefepime 

(93.2%). High-dose, prolonged-infusion regimens were associated with increased CFRs for all (β-lactams by ~10% over that of 

standard 0.5-hour infusion regimens against the nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli. Conclusions: Based on this model, 

standard doses of most intravenous (β-lactam regimens had high probabilities of achieving optimal exposure against 

Enterobacteriaceae. For nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli such as A baumannii and P aeruginosa, high-dose, prolonged 

infusions of cefepime, ceftazidime, doripenem, and meropenem had the highest probabilities of achieving bactericidal 

exposure. © 2010 Excerpta Medica Inc. 

No.603 

Author (s) : Kornsakulkarn, J., Thongpanchang, C., Chainoy, R., Choowong, W., Nithithanasilp, S., Thongpanchang, T. 

Title : Bioactive metabolites from cultures of basidiomycete favolaschia tonkinensis 

Source : Journal of Natural Products, Volume 73, Issue 4, 23 April 2010, Pages 759-762 


Keywords : 2,3 dihydro 1 benzoxepin derivative, 9 methoxystrobilurin a, 9 methoxystrobilurin b, 9 methoxystrobilurin 

g, butenolide, oudemansin a, oudemansin b, strobilurin, unclassified drug; animal cell, antifungal activity, antimalarial 

activity, antineoplastic activity, article, Basidiomycetes, controlled study, cytotoxicity, drug isolation, Favolaschia 

tonkinensis, fungus culture, human, human cell, IC 50, metabolite, nonhuman; 4-Butyrolactone, Animals, Antifungal 

Agents, Antimalarials, Basidiomycota, Benzoxepins, Candida albicans, Cercopithecus aethiops, Cytotoxins, Drug Screening 

Assays, Antitumor, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated, Female, Humans, KB Cells, Methacrylates, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Molecular 

Structure, Plasmodium falciparum, Pyrazoles, Pyrimidines, Thailand, Vero Cells; Favolaschia, Fungi 

Abstract : Two strobilurins, 9-methoxystrobilurin B (1) and 9-methoxystrobilurin G (2), two monochlorinated 2,3-dihydro-1-benzoxepin 

derivatives, 3 and 4a, and butenolide 5, together with four known compounds, strobilurin B, 9-methoxystrobilurin A, and 

oudemansins A and B, were isolated from culture BCC 18689 of the fungus Favolaschia tonkinensis. 9-Methoxystrobilurins A, B 

(1), and G (2) and oudemansins A and B exhibited antimalarial, antifungal, and cytotoxic activities, while compounds 3, 4a, 

and 5 displayed only cytotoxic activity. © 2010 The American Chemical Society and American Society of Pharmacognosy. 

No.604 

Author (s) : Korsangruang, S., Soonthornchareonnon, N., Chintapakorn, Y., Saralamp, P., Prathanturarug, S. 

Title : Effects of abiotic and biotic elicitors on growth and isoflavonoid accumulation in Pueraria candollei var. candollei and P. 

candollei var. mirifica cell suspension cultures 

220


Source : Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, Volume 103, Issue 3, December 2010, Pages 333-342 


Keywords : Elicitor; Fabaceae; HPLC; Isoflavonoid; Medicinal plant; Pueraria candollei; Tissue culture 

Abstract : This study demonstrates the effects of various concentrations of abiotic and biotic elicitors on the cell growth and 

isoflavonoid accumulation of P. candollei var. mirifica (PM) and P. candollei var. candollei (PC) cell suspension cultures. The 

two plant varieties exhibited different growth responses and varied isoflavonoid accumulation after the addition of elicitors. 

Copper sulfate, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and yeast extract did not significantly affect the growth of either plant variety, 

whereas oligosaccharide and the biotic elicitors used in this study [i. e., 50 mg l-1 chitosan and all concentrations of laminarin 

(LAM)] suppressed the growth of PM. The addition of MeJA to the medium principally induced an effect on the isoflavonoid 

content in both PM and PC, with 2.0 μM MeJA inducing the highest isoflavonoid content, as indicated by the induction index- 

4.41 in PM and 9.62 in PC cells on the 12th and ninth day of culture, respectively. A maximum total isoflavonoid content of 

40.49 mg g-1 dry weight was achieved in PM 21 days after elicitation with 2.0 μM MeJA. LAM elicited the PM cell suspension 

culture to produce puerarin, which was not found in the unelicited culture. The results of this study provide information that 

will be useful for enhancing the accumulation of isoflavonoids in P. candollei cell suspension cultures. © 2010 Springer 

Science+Business Media B.V. 

No.605 

Author (s) : Korsangruang, S.; Yamazaki, M.; Saito, K.; Prathanturarug, S. 

Title : Cloning of gene encoding chalcone isomerase (CHI) from P. candollei and expression of genes involved isoflavonoid 

biosynthesis pathway in seedling plants 





No.606 

Author (s) : Kositanont, U., Wongsurakiat, P., Pooruk, P., Maranetra, N., Puthavathana, P. 

Title : Induction of cross-neutralizing antibody against H5N1 virus after vaccination with seasonal influenza vaccine in COPD patients 

Source : Viral Immunology, Volume 23, Issue 3, 1 June 2010, Pages 329-334 


Keywords : cross reacting antibody, influenza vaccine, neutralizing antibody, placebo, triple vaccine, virus antibody, vitamin B group; 

acute respiratory tract disease, aged, antibody production, antibody response, antibody titer, article, avian influenza, blood 

sampling, chronic obstructive lung disease, clinical trial, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, cross reaction, double blind 

procedure, drug efficacy, follow up, hemagglutination inhibition, human, immunoassay, influenza A (H1N1), influenza A 

(H2N2), influenza A (H3N2), influenza A (H5N1), influenza B, influenza vaccination, Influenza virus A H3N2, Influenza virus A 

H5N1, Influenza virus B, major clinical study, respiratory distress, seasonal influenza, seroconversion, serology, virus 

neutralization, blood, case control study, hemagglutination inhibition test, immunology, influenza, Influenza virus A 

H1N1, longitudinal study, randomized controlled trial, serodiagnosis; Aves, Influenza A virus, Influenza B 

virus, Orthomyxoviridae; Aged, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Antibodies, Viral, Case-Control Studies, Cross Reactions, Double-Blind 

Method, Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests, Humans, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Influenza A Virus, H3N2 

Subtype, Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype, Influenza B virus, Influenza Vaccines, Influenza, Human, Longitudinal 

Studies, Neutralization Tests, Placebos, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive 

Abstract : Archival serum samples from elderly individuals with underlying chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who were 

enrolled in a double-blind case-control study of seasonal influenza vaccine efficacy were assayed for cross-neutralizing 

antibody formation to avian influenza A (H5N1) virus. Of 118 serum samples, 58 were collected from influenza vaccinees 

(mean age 68.5y), and 60 from placebo controls (mean age 68.4y) who received vitamin B injections. Blood samples were 

collected before and at 1mo after seasonal influenza vaccination from all subjects; in addition, for a longitudinal follow-up 

period of 1y paired-blood samples were collected again from subjects who developed acute respiratory illness. 

Hemagglutination inhibition assay for antibodies to influenza A (H1N1), influenza A (H3N2), and influenza B viruses was carried 

out to determine the serological response to vaccination, and to diagnose influenza viral infection, while microneutralization 

assays were performed to detect cross-reactive antibody to H5N1 virus. Pre-existing cross-reactive H5N1 antibody at reciprocal 

titer 10 was found in 6 (10.3%) vaccinees and 4 (6.7%) placebo controls. There was no change in H5N1 antibody titer in these 

221


subjects after vaccination. On the other hand, 3 (5.2%) vaccinees developed seroconversion to H5N1 virus at 1mo after 

vaccination, even though they had no pre-existing H5N1 antibody in their first blood samples. No cross-neutralizing antibody 

to H5N1 virus was detected in the placebo controls or in the 22 influenza patients, suggesting that influenza vaccination, but 

not influenza virus infection, induces cross-neutralizing antibody against avian influenza H5N1 virus. © 2010, Mary Ann Liebert, 

Inc. 

No.607 

Author (s) : Kozono, S., Matsuyama, T., Biwasa, K.K., Kawahara, K.-i., Nakajima, Y., Yoshimoto, T., Yonamine, Y., Kadomatsu, H., Tancharoen, 

S., Hashiguchi, T., Noguchi, K., Maruyama, I. 

Title : Involvement of the endocannabinoid system in periodontal healing 

Source : Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Volume 394, Issue 4, 16 April 2010, Pages 928-933 


Keywords : Cannabinoid receptors; Endocannabinoids; Gingival fibroblasts; Mitogen-activated protein kinases; Proliferation; Wound 

healing 

Abstract : Endocannabinoids including anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) are important lipid mediators for 

immunosuppressive effects and for appropriate homeostasis via their G-protein-coupled cannabinoid (CB) receptors in 

mammalian organs and tissues, and may be involved in wound healing in some organs. The physiological roles of 

endocannabinoids in periodontal healing remain unknown. We observed upregulation of the expression of CB1/CB2 receptors 

localized on fibroblasts and macrophage-like cells in granulation tissue during wound healing in a wound-healing model in 

rats, as well as an increase in AEA levels in gingival crevicular fluid after periodontal surgery in human patients with 

periodontitis. In-vitro, the proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) by AEA was significantly attenuated by AM251 and 

AM630, which are selective antagonists of CB1 and CB2, respectively. CP55940 (CB1/CB2 agonist) induced phosphorylation of 

the extracellular-regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), and Akt in HGFs. Wound 

closure by CP55940 in an in-vitro scratch assay was significantly suppressed by inhibitors of MAP kinase kinase (MEK), 

p38MAPK, and phosphoinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K). These findings suggest that endocannabinoid system may have an important 

role in periodontal healing. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 

No.608 

Author (s) : Kraipeerapun, P., Amornsamankul, S. 

Title : Ensemble of duo output neural networks for binary classification 



Keywords : Binary classification problem; Complementary neural networks; Ensemble neural network; Feed forward back propagation 

neural network; Uncertainty 

Abstract : This paper presents an ensemble of duo output neural networks (DONN) using bagging technique to solve binary classification 

problems. DONN is a neural network that is trained to predict a pair of complementary outputs which are the truth and falsity 

values. Each component in an ensemble contains two DONNs in which the first network is trained to predict the truth and 

falsity outputs whereas the second network is trained to predict the falsity and truth outputs which are set in reverse order of 

the first one. In this paper, we propose classification techniques based on outputs obtained from DONNs. Also, the ensemble 

selection technique is proposed. This technique is created based on uncertainty and diversity values. All proposed 

techniques have been tested with three benchmarks UCI data sets, which are ionosphere, pima, and liver. It is found that the 

proposed ensemble techniques provide better results than those obtained from an ensemble of back propagation neural 

networks, an ensemble of complementary neural networks, a single pair of duo output neural networks, a single pair of 

complementary neural networks, and a back propagation neural network. 

No.609 

Author (s) : Kraipeerapun, P., Amornsamankul, S. 

Title : Using Duo Output Neural Network to solve binary classification problems 



Keywords : Binary classification; Complementary neural network; Duo Output Neural Network; Feedforward backpropagation neural 

network 

222


Abstract : This paper proposes an approach to solve binary classification problems using Duo Output Neural Network (DONN). DONN is a 

neural network trained to predict a pair of complementary outputs which are the truth and falsity values. In this paper, 

outputs obtained from two DONNs are aggregated and used to predict the classification result. The first DONN is trained to 

predict a pair of truth and falsity values. The second DONN is trained to predict a pair of falsity and truth values. The target 

outputs used to train the second network are organized in reverse order of the first network. The proposed approach has 

been tested with three benchmarking UCI data sets, which are ionosphere, pima, and liver. It is found that the proposed 

techniques improve the performance as compared to feedforward backprogation neural network and complementary neural 

network. 

No.610 

Author (s) : Kraipeerapun, P., Nakkrasae, S., Fung, C.C., Amornsamankul, S. 

Title : Solving regression problem with complementary neural networks and an adjusted averaging technique 

Source : Memetic Computing, Volume 2, Issue 4, December 2010, Pages 249-257 


Keywords : Complementary neural networks; Feed-forward backpropagation neural network; Regression problem; Uncertainty 

Abstract : This research deals with complementary neural networks (CMTNN) for the regression problem. Complementary neural 

networks consist of a pair of neural networks called truth neural network and falsity neural network, which are trained to 

predict truth and falsity outputs, respectively. In this paper, a novel adjusted averaging technique is proposed in order to 

enhance the result obtained from the basic CMTNN. We test our proposed technique based on the classical benchmark 

problems including housing, concrete compressive strength, and computer hardware data sets from the UCI machine learning 

repository. We also realize our technique to the porosity prediction problem based on well log data set obtained from 

practical field data in the oil and gas industry. We found that our proposed technique provides better performance when 

compared to the traditional CMTNN, backpropagation neural network, and support vector regression with linear, polynomial, 

and radial basis function kernels. © 2010 Springer-Verlag. 

No.611 

Author (s) : Krajaejun, T., Chongtrakool, P., Angkananukul, K., Brandhorst, T.T. 

Title : Effect of temperature on growth of the pathogenic oomycete pythium insidiosum 



Keywords : Growth; Oomycete; Pythiosis; Pythium insidiosum; Temperature 

Abstract : Pythium insidiosum causes a potentially life-threatening infectious disease called pythiosis. An early, accurate diagnosis is 

important, since prompt treatment leads to a better prognosis. Unsuccessful attempts to isolate the organism have been 

associated with specimens subjected to lower temperatures. We analyzed growth of P. insidiosum at various temperatures. 

Culture at low (8°C) and high (42°C) temperatures resulted in death or inhibited growth of the organism. Culture under 

optimal temperatures (28 and 32°C) was important for successful isolation of P. insidiosum. 

No.612 

Author (s) : Krajaejun, T., Keeratijarut, A., Sriwanichrak, K., Lowhnoo, T., Rujirawat, T., Petchthong, T., Yingyong, W., Kalambaheti, T., 

Smittipat, N., Juthayothin, T., Sullivan, T.D. 

Title : The 74-kilodalton immunodominant antigen of the pathogenic oomycete Pythium insidiosum is a putative exo-1,3-βglucanase 

Source : Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, Volume 17, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 1203-1210 


Keywords : fungus antigen, glucan 1,3 beta glucosidase; article, enzyme analysis, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, mass 

spectrometry, nonhuman, nucleotide sequence, phylogeny, Phytophthora infestans, polymerase chain reaction, priority 

journal, pythiosis, Pythium, pythium insidiosum; Algal Proteins, Animals, Cluster Analysis, DNA Primers, DNA, 

Algal, Genotype, Glucan 1,3-beta-Glucosidase, Humans, Immunodominant Epitopes, Mass Spectrometry, Molecular 

Weight, Phytophthora infestans, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Pythium, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Sequence Homology, Amino 

Acid, Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid 

Abstract : The oomycetous, fungus-like, aquatic organism Pythium insidiosum is the causative agent of pythiosis, a life-threatening 

infectious disease of humans and animals living in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Common sites of infection are 

223


the arteries, eyes, cutaneous/subcutaneous tissues, and gastrointestinal tract. Diagnosis of pythiosis is time-consuming and 

difficult. Radical excision of the infected organs is the main treatment for pythiosis because conventional antifungal drugs are 

ineffective. An immunotherapeutic vaccine prepared from P. insidiosum crude extract showed limited efficacy in the 

treatment of pythiosis patients. Many pythiosis patients suffer lifelong disabilities or die from an advanced infection. Recently, 

we identified a 74-kDa major immunodominant antigen of P. insidiosum which could be a target for development of a more 

effective serodiagnostic test and vaccines. Mass spectrometric analysis identified two peptides of the 74-kDa antigen (s74-1 

and s74-2) which perfectly matched a putative exo-1,3-β-glucanase (EXO1) of Phytophthora infestans. Using degenerate 

primers derived from these peptides, a 1.1-kb product was produced by PCR, and its sequence was found to be homologous 

to that of the P. infestans exo-1,3-β-glucanase gene, EXO1. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays targeting the s74-1 and 

s74-2 synthetic peptides demonstrated that the 74-kDa antigen was highly immunoreactive with pythiosis sera but not with 

control sera. Phylogenetic analysis using part of the 74-kDa protein-coding sequence divided 22 Thai isolates of P. insidiosum 

into two clades. Further characterization of the putative P. insidiosum glucanase could lead to new diagnostic tests and to 

antimicrobial agents and vaccines for the prevention and management of the serious and life-threatening disease of pythiosis. 

Copyright © 2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 

No.613 

Author (s) : Krajaejun, T., Wüthrich, M., Gauthier, G.M., Warner, T.F., Sullivan, T.D., Klein, B.S. 

Title : Discordant influence of Blastomyces dermatitidis yeast-phase-specific gene BYS1 on morphogenesis and virulence 

Source : Infection and Immunity, Volume 78, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 2522-2528 


Keywords : Blastomyces yeast phase specific 1, fungal protein, green fluorescent protein, unclassified drug; agar medium, amino acid 

sequence, amino terminal sequence, animal cell, animal experiment, animal model, article, Blastomyces 

dermatitidis, blastomycosis, cell culture, cell wall, controlled study, fungal morphology, fungal spore germination, fungal 

strain, fungal virulence, fungus hyphae, gene expression, gene silencing, in vitro study, in vivo 

study, inoculation, lung, morphogenesis, mouse, nonhuman, pathogenicity, priority journal, signal 

transduction, temperature, yeast, yeast cell; Animals, Blastomyces, Colony Count, Microbial, Fungal Proteins, Gene 

Silencing, Genes, Fungal, Hyphae, Lung, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Virulence 

Abstract : Blastomyces dermatitidis is a thermally induced dimorphic fungus capable of causing lung and systemic infections in 

immunocompetent animal hosts. With the publication of genomic sequences from three different strains of B. dermatitidis 

and the development of RNA interference as a gene-silencing tool, it has become possible to easily ascertain the virulence 

and morphological effects of knocking down the expression of candidate genes of interest. BYS1 (Blastomyces yeast-phasespecific 

1), first identified by Burg and Smith, is expressed at high levels in yeast cells and is undetectable in mold. The 

deduced protein sequence of BYS1 has a putative signal sequence at its N terminus, opening the possibility that the BYS1encoded 

protein is associated with the yeast cell wall. Herein, strains of B. dermatitidis with silenced expression of BYS1 were 

engineered and tested for morphology and virulence. The silenced strains produced rough-surfaced cultures on agar medium 

and demonstrated a propensity to form pseudohyphal cells on prolonged culture in vitro and in vivo, as measured in the 

mouse lung. Tests using a mouse model of blastomycosis with either yeast or spore inocula showed that the bys1-silenced 

strains were as virulent as control strains. Thus, although silencing of BYS1 alters morphology at 37°C, it does not appear to 

impair the pathogenicity of B. dermatitidis. Copyright © 2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 

No.614 

Author (s) : Kriengsoontornkij, W., Homcheon, B., Chomchai, C., Neamsomboon, W. 

Title : Accuracy of pediatric triage at Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand 



Keywords : Nurse; Pediatric triage; Performance; Work-year 

Abstract : Background: Siriraj Hospital is a busy 2,500-bed hospital located in Bangkok, Thailand. It has over 1.7 million outpatients, 

including 120,000 emergency room visits a year, 20,000 of which are pediatric patients. The Pediatric Triage (Pedtriage) system 

has been in used since the year 2001, but the factors that affect the performance of triage nurse have not been evaluated. 

Objective: To compare the performance non-pediatric nurses who are responsible for pediatric patients in the emergency 

room before and after pediatric triage training at Siriraj Hospital. Material and Method: Pediatric Triage Training was set up for 

emergency room and outpatient department nurses between June and October 2006. The training consisted of 5 hours of 

224


didactic sessions on the concepts of pediatric triage and 4-5 hour sessions where the nurses were allowed to triage actual 

pediatric patients under the supervision of a triage-training nurse. A pre-test and post-test examination was administered. The 

outcome of triage performance was categorized into under-triage if the patient had an urgent or emergent condition and was 

triaged as non-urgent, over-triage if a patient had a non-urgent condition and was triaged as urgent or emergent. Statistical 

description included percent, averages, and standard deviation where appropriate. A standard 4x4 contingency table was 

used to calculate the sensitivity and specificity. For comparison of performance, a post-hoc analysis was done where the 

nurses were divided into two groups, those with work experience of less than or equal to 5 years (group 1) and more than 5 

years (group 2). An independent samples t-test was used to determine the difference in performance between the two 

groups. Results: Overall, performance on pre-test - post-test differed significantly before and after training. The nurses in 

Group 1 had higher pre-test scores (Group 1 mean = 62.35%, Group 2 mean = 52.41%, p-value = 0.001), were less likely to 

overtriage (Group 1 mean = 4.11%, Group 2 mean = 6.46%, p-value = 0.021) and had higher specificity of triage than Group 2 

(Group 1 mean = 95.61, Group 2 = 92.39, p-value = 0.019). However, the nurses in Group 2 had more improvement in their 

post-test scores (percent of improvement from pre-test: Group 1 mean = 8.56%, Group 2 = 34.69%, p-value = 0.005). 

Conclusion: Work experience is an important consideration in the triage knowledge and performance of non-pediatric nurses 

during triage training. 

No.615 

Author (s) : Krings, T., Geibprasert, S., terBrugge, K. 

Title : Classification and Endovascular Management of Pediatric Cerebral Vascular Malformations 

Source : Neurosurgery Clinics of North America, Volume 21, Issue 3, July 2010, Pages 463-482 


Keywords : Classification; Endovascular management; Pediatric cerebral vascular malformations 

Abstract : Pediatric vascular malformations of the central nervous system differ from those seen in adults. Their classification may be 

based on symptoms, pathomechanics, patient's age, morphologic features, or presumed etiology. This review describes the 

different classification schemes and the endovascular management options of these rare and challenging diseases. The 

proposed etiologic classification of pediatric vascular malformations may add to our understanding of these diseases in 

general because the phenotypic expression of a given vascular malformation can shed light on the nature and timing of the 

causative agent, thereby potentially opening up treatment modalities in the future that are directed against the triggering 

event rather than against the clinical manifestations or the morphologic appearance. With current endovascular methods, 

most vascular diseases can be approached safely and with good clinical results. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. 

No.616 

Author (s) : Krings, T., Geibprasert, S., TerBrugge, K.G. 

Title : Pathomechanisms and treatment of pediatric aneurysms 

Source : Child's Nervous System, Volume 26, Issue 10, October 2010, Pages 1309-1318 


Keywords : Aneurysm; Dissection; Infection; Subarachnoid hemorrhage; Trauma 

Abstract : Pediatric aneurysms are rare diseases distinct from classical adult aneurysms and therefore require different treatment 

strategies. Apart from saccular aneurysms that are more commonly found in older children, three major pathomechanisms 

may be encountered: trauma, infection, and dissection. The posterior circulation and more distal locations are more 

commonly encountered in children compared to adults, and there is an overall male predominance. Clinical findings are not 

only confined to subarachnoid hemorrhage but may also comprise mass effects, headaches or neurological deficits. In 

traumatic aneurysms, the skull base and distal anterior communicating artery are commonly affected, and the hemorrhage 

occurs often delayed (2-4 weeks following the initial trauma). Infectious aneurysms are mostly bacterial in origin, and 

hemorrhage occurs early after a septic embolic shower. Dissecting aneurysms are the most often encountered aneurysm type 

in children and can lead to mass effect, hemorrhage, or ischemia depending on the fate of the intramural hematoma. 

Treatment strategies in pediatric aneurysms include endosaccular coil treatment only for the "classical berry-type" aneurysms; 

in the other instances, parent vessel occlusion, flow reversal, surgical options, or a combined treatment with bypass and 

parent vessel occlusion have to be contemplated. © 2009 Springer-Verlag. 

No.617 

Author (s) : Krings, T., Hans, F.-J., Geibprasert, S., Terbrugge, K. 

225


Title : Partial "targeted" embolisation of brain arteriovenous malformations 

Source : European Radiology, Volume 20, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 2723-2731 


Keywords : Brain AVM; Embolisation; Epilepsy; Haemorrhage; Pathomechanism 

Abstract : The treatment of pial arteriovenous brain malformations is controversial. Little is yet known about their natural history, their 

pathomechanisms and the efficacy and risks of respective proposed treatments. It is known that only complete occlusion of 

the AVM can exclude future risk of haemorrhage and that the rates of curative embolisation of AVMs with an acceptable 

periprocedural risk are around 20 to 50%. As outlined in the present article, however, partial, targeted embolisation also plays 

a role. In acutely ruptured AVMs where the source of bleeding can be identified, targeted embolisation of this compartment 

may be able to secure the AVM prior to definitive treatment. In unruptured symptomatic AVMs targeted treatment may be 

employed if a defined pathomechanism can be identified that is related to the clinical symptoms and that can be cured with 

an acceptable risk via an endovascular approach depending on the individual AVM angioarchitecture. This review article gives 

examples of pathomechanisms and angioarchitectures that are amenable to this kind of treatment strategy. © 2010 The 

Author(s). 

No.618 

Author (s) : Krisnangkura, K., Sansa-Ard, C., Aryusuk, K., Lilitchan, S., Kittiratanapiboon, K. 

Title : An empirical approach for predicting kinematic viscosities of biodiesel blends 

Source : Fuel, Volume 89, Issue 10, 2010, Pages 2775-2780 


Keywords : Biodiesel; Enthalpy; Fatty acid methyl ester; Free energy; Viscosity 

Abstract : Kinematic viscosity (η) is an important property of diesel fuels, including biodiesels, which are marketed mostly as the blends 

in many countries around the world. In this study, the free energy of viscous flow (∆G vis) for a non-associated liquid mixture 

is assumed to be the summed of ∆Gvis of individual components. Hence, the Eyring's equation, η = Ae(-∆Gvis/RT), is 

transformed to ln ηblend = a + bn1 + c/T + dn1/T (where, a, b, c and d, T and n1 are thermodynamically related constants, 

absolute temperature and mole fraction of biodiesel, respectively). The transformed equation is used to predict kinematic 

viscosity of biodiesel blends (ηblend) of different degree of blending at any temperatures from pour point to 100 °C. The 

predicted kinematic viscosities are in good agreement with those reported in literatures at all temperatures. The highest 

deviation is ±5.4% and the average absolute deviation (AAD) is less than 2.86%. The transformed equation can also be used 

to predict kinematic viscosities of pure fatty acid methyl esters in diesel fuel. Methyl ricinoleate is an exception. The AAD is 

4.50% and the deviation is as high as 12.80%. The high deviation suggests that molecular interactions between methyl 

ricinoleate and diesel fuel is high and cannot be ignored. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.619 

Author (s) : Krittayaphong, R., Boonyasirinant, T., Chaithiraphan, V., Maneesai, A., Saiviroonporn, P., Nakyen, S., Thanapiboonpol, P., 

Yindeengam, A., Udompanturak, S. 

Title : Prognostic value of late gadolinium enhancement in hypertensive patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease 

Source : International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging, Volume 26, Issue SUPPL. 1, February 2010, Pages 123-131 


Keywords : Cardiac magnetic resonance; Hypertension; Late gadolinium enhancement; Myocardial infarction 

Abstract : To determine the prognosis of a myocardial scar assessed by a late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) technique of cardiac 

magnetic resonance (CMR) in hypertensive patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). Patients with 

systemic hypertension with known or suspected CAD without a clinical history of myocardial infarction were enrolled. All 

patients underwent CMR for assessment of cardiac function and LGE. Prognostic data was determined by the occurrence of a 

hard cardiac endpoint, defined as cardiac death or a non-fatal myocardial infarction, or major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), 

defined as cardiac death, a non-fatal myocardial infarction, or hospitalization due to heart failure, unstable angina, or lifethreatening 

ventricular arrhythmia. A total of 1,644 patients were enrolled; 48% were males and the mean age was 65 ± 11 

years. The average follow-up time was 863 ± 559 days. Four hundred fifty-three (28%) patients had LGE. LGE was the 

strongest and most independent predictor for hard events and MACEs with hazard ratios of 4.77 and 3.38, respectively. Other 

independent predictors of hard events and MACEs were left ventricular ejection fraction and mass, the use of a beta-blocker, 

and a history of heart failure. The risk of cardiac events increased as the extent of LGE increased; the hazard ratio was 12.74 

226


for hard events for those with a LGE >20% of the myocardium. LGE is the most important and independent predictor for 

cardiac events in hypertensive patients with known or suspected CAD. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, B.V. 

No.620 

Author (s) : Krityakiarana, W., Espinosa-Jeffrey, A., Ghiani, C.A., Zhao, P.M., Topaldjikian, N., Gomez-Pinilla, F., Yamaguchi, M., Kotchabhakdi, 

N., De Vellis, J. 

Title : Voluntary exercise increases oligodendrogenesis in spinal cord 

Source : International Journal of Neuroscience, Volume 120, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 280-290 


Keywords : Exercise; Nestin; Neurogenesis; Oligodendrocyte 

Abstract : Exercise has been shown to increase hippocampal neurogenesis, but the effects of exercise on oligodendrocyte generation 

have not yet been reported. In this study, we evaluated the hypothesis that voluntary exercise may affect neurogenesis, and 

more in particular, oligodendrogenesis in the thoracic segment of the intact spinal cord of adult nestinGFP transgenic mice. 

Voluntary exercise for 7 and 14 days increased nestinGFP expression around the ependymal area. In addition, voluntary 

exercise for 7 days significantly increased nestinGFP expression in both the white and gray matter of the thoracic segment of 

the intact spinal cord, whereas, 14-day exercise decreased nestinGFP expression. Markers for immature oligodendrocytes 

(transferrin and CNPase) were significantly increased after 7 days of voluntary exercise. These results suggest that voluntary 

exercise positively influences oligodendrogenesis in the intact spinal cord, emphasizing the beneficial effects of voluntary 

exercise as a possible co-treatment for spinal cord injury. 

No.621 

Author (s) : Krityakiarana, W.; Espinosa-Jeffrey, A.; Zhao, P. M.; Gomez-Pinilla, F.; Kotchabhakdi, N.; Yamaguchi, M.; de Vellis, J. 

Title : TS1 AS EARLY NEUROPROTECTIVE TREATMENT AFTER SPINAL CORD INJURY IN MICE 





No.622 

Author (s) : Krockenberger, M.B., Malik, R., Ngamskulrungroj, P., Trilles, L., Escandon, P., Dowd, S., Allen, C., Himmelreich, U., Canfield, P.J., 

Sorrell, T.C., Meyer, W. 

Title : Pathogenesis of pulmonary Cryptococcus gattii infection: A rat model 

Source : Mycopathologia, Volume 170, Issue 5, November 2010, Pages 315-330 


Keywords : Cryptococcosis; Cryptococcus; Gattii; Lung; Meningitis; Rat 

Abstract : A model of pulmonary cryptococcosis in immunocompetent rats was developed to better understand the virulence of 

Cryptococcus gattii. Six isolates were studied, representing four molecular genotypes (VGI-MATα, VGIIa-MATα, VGIIa-MATa, 

VGIIb-MATα), obtained from Australia, Vancouver (Canada) and Colombia. These originated from human patients, a cat and 

the environment and were administered intratracheally (i.t.) or transthoracically into Fischer 344 or Wistar-Furth rats in doses 

varying from 104 to 107 colony-forming units (CFU) in 0.1 ml of saline. With the exception of animals given the VGIIa-MATa 

isolate, rats consistently became ill or died of progressive cryptococcal pneumonia following i.t. doses exceeding 107 CFU. 

Affected lungs increased in weight up to tenfold and contained numerous circumscribed, gelatinous lesions. These became 

larger and more extensive, progressing from limited hilar and/or tracheal lesions, to virtually confluent gelatinous masses. 

Disease was localized to the lungs for at least 3-4 weeks, with dissemination to the brain occurring in some animals after day 

29. The dose-response relationship was steep for two VGI isolates studied (human WM179, environmental WM276); doses up 

to 106 CFU i.t. did not produce lesions, while 107 or more yeast cells produced progressive pneumonia. Intratracheal 

inoculation of rats with C. gattii provides an excellent model of human pulmonary cryptococcosis in healthy hosts, mimicking 

natural infections. Disease produced by C. gattii in rats is distinct from that caused by C. neoformans in that infections are 

progressive and ultimately fatal. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 

No.623 

Author (s) : Krongtaew, C., Messner, K., Ters, T., Fackler, K. 

227


Title : Characterization of key parameters for biotechnological lignocellulose conversion assessed by FT-NIR spectroscopy. Part I: 

Qualitative analysis of pretreated straw 

Source : BioResources, Volume 5, Issue 4, November 2010, Pages 2063-2080 


Keywords : Fourier-transform near infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR); Lignocellulose characterization; Mild acidic and alkaline peroxide 

pretreatments; Multivariate data analysis; Principal component analysis (PCA); Qualitative discriminant analysis; Wheat and 

oat straw 

Abstract : Wheat straw (Triticum aestivum L.) and oat straw (Avena sativa L.) were subjected to acid and alkaline pre-treatments partly 

in combination with hydrogen peroxide. The aim was to remove lignin and increase the accessibility of the polysaccharides to 

enzymatic digestion. Accessibility was evaluated by digestion with a cell wall degrading enzyme complex to yield reducing 

sugars that may serve as precursor substrates for biofuels or building block chemicals. Changes in lignin, hemicelluloses, as 

well as amorphous, semi-crystalline, and crystalline regions of cellulose moieties of pretreated straw were efficiently 

characterized by Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) reflectance spectroscopy. These alterations of the chemical structure 

of straw after different pre-treatment methods were powerfully differentiated by principal component analysis (PCA). 

Characteristics of the different samples owing to the different pretreatment methods could be clustered from the PCA 

loadings spectra. 

No.624 

Author (s) : Krongtaew, C., Messner, K., Ters, T., Fackler, K. 

Title : Characterization of key parameters for biotechnological lignocellulose conversion assessed by FT-NIR spectroscopy. Part II: 

Quantitative analysis by partial least squares regression 

Source : BioResources, Volume 5, Issue 4, November 2010, Pages 2081-2096 


Keywords : Anaerobic fermentation; Biogas potential test; Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR); Multivariate data 

analysis; Partial least-squares (PLS) regression; Wheat and oat straw pre-treatment 

Abstract : Wheat straw (Triticum aestivum L.) and oat straw (Avena sativa L.) were chemically pretreated at different severities with the 

purpose of delignification, which in turn leads to a better accessibility of plant cell wall polysaccharides for further 

biotechnological conversion. Key parameters of these samples, i.e. weight loss, residual lignin content, and hydrolysable 

sugars serving as precursors for biofuel production were monitored by wet-chemistry analyses. Fourier transform near infrared 

(FT-NIR) spectra were correlated to these data by means of partial leastsquares (PLS) regression. Weight loss (4.0 - 33.5%) of 

the wheat straw could be predicted (RMSEP = 3.5%, R2test = 0.75) from the entire FT-NIR spectra (10000 - 4000 cm-1). 

Residual lignin content (7.9 - 20.7%, RMSEP = 0.9%, R2test = 0.94) and amount of reducing sugars based on pretreated wheat 

straw (128 - 1000 mg g-1, RMSEP = 83 mg g-1, R2test = 0.89) were powerfully evaluated between 6900 and 5510 cm-1, a 

spectral region where polysaccharides and lignin absorb. All these parameters could be equally predicted with even higher 

accuracy from pre-treated oat straw samples. Furthermore, some important parameters for anaerobic conversion of wheat 

straw to biogas - biogas production, total solids, and volatile solids content - could be estimated. 

No.625 

Author (s) : Kruavit, A., Visuthikosol, V. 

Title : Temporoparietal fascial free flap for correction of first web space atrophy 

Source : Microsurgery, Volume 30, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 8-12 


Keywords : adult, article, atrophy, brachial plexus anesthesia, clinical article, donor site, female, first web space atrophy, follow up, free 

tissue graft, general anesthesia, human, leprosy, local anesthesia, male, nerve injury, patient satisfaction, postoperative 

period, priority journal, surgical technique, temporoparietal fascial free flap, ulnar nerve paralysis; Adult, Cohort 

Studies, Female, Forehead, Hand Deformities, Acquired, Humans, Male, Microsurgery, Middle Aged, Muscular 

Atrophy, Retrospective Studies, Scalp, Surgical Flaps, Treatment Outcome, Ulnar Neuropathies 

Abstract : Fourteen temporoparietal fascial free flaps were used for correction of first web space atrophy from ulnar nerve palsy in 13 

patients. Ten sustained ulnar nerve injuries and three suffered from leprosy. The procedures were performed under general 

anesthesia except one leprosy patient with bilateral ulnar nerve palsy in which local anesthesia and brachial block were 

employed to harvest bilateral free flaps and recipient site preparations, respectively. The follow-up time varied from 4 to 64 

months. The postoperative results were satisfactory and there was no resorption of the free flaps. The consistency of the 

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augmented first web space was soft and compressible like natural feel. The size of the flap was more than enough for 

augmentation of first web space and donor site morbidity was minimal and accepted by all patients. We conclude that 

temporoparietal fascial free flap is an ideal autogenous tissue for correction of first web space atrophy. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 

No.626 

Author (s) : Kruaysawat, W., Aekplakorn, W., Chapman, R.S. 

Title : Survival time and prognostic factors of oral cancer in Ubon Ratchathani Cancer Center 



Keywords : Oral cancer; Prognostic factors; Survival time 

Abstract : Objective: To characterize the survival time and prognostic factors of oral cancer in Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand. Material and 

Method: A total of 519 patients with oral cancer in the Ubon Ratchathani Cancer Center were recruited retrospectively over 5 

years, from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2006. The survival status of the patients was followed until December 31, 2007. 

Survival times were estimated and compared using the product-limit (Kaplan-Meier) method. Cox Proportional Hazards 

models were used to examine prognostic factors. Results: At the end of the study, 384 patients (74.0%) had died. The mean 

age of the patients at diagnosis was 64.15 years, with a male to female ratio of 1:1.56. Location of cancer were found at 

tongue (25.2%), buccal mucosa (22.4%), gum (21.1%), lip (17.5%) and others (13.7%). Squamous cell carcinoma was the most 

common cell type (92.7%). The median survival time was 337 days and the survival probability at 1, 3 and 5-years were 

46.7%, 26.4% and 18.2%, respectively. In multivariable analysis, patients at the greatest risk of death were those having 

cancer of the tongue (HR 1.93, 1.20, 3.11) compared to cancer of the lip and being in stage IV at diagnosis (HR 3.57, 95% CI = 

1.79, 7.13) as compared to stage I. Conclusion: Patients with advanced tumors had the worst prognosis, underscoring the 

importance of improved early detection for early treatment. 

No.627 

Author (s) : Krudsood, S., Tangpukdee, N., Wilairatana, P., Pothipak, N., Duangdee, C., Warrell, D.A., Looareesuwan, S. 

Title : Intravenous ibuprofen (IV-ibuprofen) controls fever effectively in adults with acute uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum 

malaria but prolongs parasitemia 

Source : American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 83, Issue 1, July 2010, Pages 51-55 


Keywords : artesunate, ibuprofen, mefloquine; adult, area under the curve, article, body temperature, clinical trial, controlled clinical 

trial, controlled study, double blind procedure, drug efficacy, drug safety, drug tolerability, female, fever, human, major 

clinical study, malaria falciparum, male, Plasmodium falciparum, randomized controlled trial; Acute 

Disease, Adult, Animals, Antimalarials, Artemisinins, Double-Blind Method, Drug Therapy, 

Combination, Fever, Humans, Ibuprofen, Injections, Intravenous, Malaria, Falciparum, Mefloquine, Parasitemia, Plasmodium 

falciparum, Treatment Outcome; Artesunate, Plasmodium falciparum 

Abstract : Because some febrile patients are unable to swallow or retain oral antipyretic drugs, we carried out a double-blind, placebocontrolled 

trial in which intravenous ibuprofen (IV-ibuprofen) was given to adults hospitalized with fever associated with acute 

uncomplicated falciparum malaria treated with oral artesunate plus mefloquine. Thirty patients received IV-ibuprofen 400 mg 

and 30 received placebo every 6 hours for 72 hours. Reduction in the area above 37.0°C versus time curve was significantly 

greater for IV-ibuprofen than for placebo during the first 72 hours after first administration. No patients developed severe 

malaria; parasite clearance was delayed in the patients whose fevers were controlled by IV-ibuprofen (median 37.3 hours 

versus 23.7 hours in the placebo group [P = 0.0024]). This difference did not appear to be clinically important Adverse events, 

none considered severe, occurred equally in both groups. IV-ibuprofen was effective and well tolerated in reducing fever in 

febrile inpatients with malaria. Copyright © 2010 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 

No.628 

Author (s) : Kruevaisayawan, H., Vanichviriyakit, R., Weerachatyanukul, W., Withyachumnarnkul, B., Chavadej, J., Sobhon, P. 

Title : Oogenesis and formation of cortical rods in the black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon 

Source : Aquaculture, Volume 301, Issue 1-4, 23 March 2010, Pages 91-98 


Keywords : Cortical rods; Egg; Oogenesis; Ovary; Penaeus monodon 

229


Abstract : This study aimed to investigate morphological changes of developing oocytes during oogenesis in the black tiger shrimp 

Penaeus monodon as well as elucidate the cellular pathway for the formation of cortical rods, the egg jelly precursor. The 

differentiating female germ cells in the mature ovary were divided into four stages (Oc1-4) based on the changes in 

ultrastructural characteristics. The prominent features in the developing oocytes (Oc1 Oc2 Oc3) were the abundance of 

ribosomes and dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) in Oc1 and Oc2 and the presence of yolk granules and lipid 

droplets in Oc3 all indicating active synthesis of protein and lipid components. The main characteristic of the mature oocyte 

(Oc4) was the presence of cortical rods (CRs) which were composed of the tightly packed structural units each resembling a 

bottle-brush. Immunostaining of cortical rod proteins which were part of the structural units indicated that they were first 

synthesized in the RER-Golgi complex of Oc2 and transported into the extracellular crypts of the mature oocyte (Oc4) where 

they were assembled into CRs. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.629 

Author (s) : Krumkamp, R., Mounier-Jack, S., Ahmad, A., Reintjes, R., Coker, R. 

Title : Evaluating health systems' preparedness for emerging infectious diseases: A novel conceptual and analytic framework 

Source : Health Policy, Volume 98, Issue 2-3, December 2010, Pages 91-97 


Keywords : Health system; Intervention programmes; Pandemic planning; Policy evaluation 

Abstract : In this article we present a novel conceptual framework for systematically assessing the national health system capacity to 

respond to pandemic influenza. This framework helps to determine how health systems and pandemic programmes interact, 

whether, where and which weak points exist, and how and where pandemic response health programmes can be improved 

effectively. This new conceptual framework draws upon two existing approaches for assessment and evaluation, the Systemic 

Rapid Assessment Toolkit (SYSRA) and the Hazard Analysis of Critical Control Points (HACCP). SYSRA is a systematic approach 

to analyse the interplay between communicable disease programmes and the broader health systems context within which 

they operate and the HACCP methodology builds upon a systematic analysis of process steps within a programme in order to 

identify likely hazards and to develop control measures to address them. The analytical framework that we have developed 

from the novel conceptualisation is simple, can be applied rapidly, and should, we believe, be low cost to implement. Thus, 

this provides a means for developing a contextual understanding of the broader health system in which a pandemic 

infectious disease programme operates, and for identifying frailties in programmes that need to be responded to. © 2010 

Elsevier Ireland Ltd. 

No.630 

Author (s) : Kuadkitkan, A., Wikan, N., Fongsaran, C., Smith, D.R. 

Title : Identification and characterization of prohibitin as a receptor protein mediating DENV-2 entry into insect cells 

Source : Virology, Volume 406, Issue 1, October 2010, Pages 149-161 


Keywords : Aedes; Culex; Dengue; Prohibitin; Receptor 

Abstract : Dengue is transmitted primarily by mosquitoes of the Aedes genus. Despite a number of studies, no insect dengue virus 

receptor protein has been clearly identified and characterized. Using a number of separation methodologies and virus overlay 

protein binding assays we identified a 35. kDa protein that segregated with susceptibility to dengue serotype 2 (DENV-2) 

infection in two mosquito species and two mosquito cell lines. Mass spectroscopy identified the protein to be prohibitin, a 

strongly conserved and ubiquitously expressed protein in eukaryotic cells. Antibody mediated inhibition of infection and 

siRNA mediated knockdown of prohibitin expression significantly reduced infection levels and subsequent virus production in 

both Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus cell lines. Confocal microscopy showed a significant degree of intracellular 

colocalization between prohibitin and DENV-2 E protein, and coimmunoprecipitation confirmed that prohibitin interacts with 

dengue E. Prohibitin is the first characterized insect cell expressed dengue virus receptor protein. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. 

No.631 

Author (s) : Kuanpradit, C., Cummins, S.F., Degnan, B.M., Sretarugsa, P., Hanna, P.J., Sobhon, P., Chavadej, J. 

Title : Identification of an attractin-like pheromone in the mucus-secreting hypobranchial gland of the abalone haliotis asinina 

Linnaeus 



230


Keywords : abalone; attractin; Haliotis asinina; hypobranchial gland; mucus; pheromone 

Abstract : Pheromones are chemicals used to communicate between animals of the same species, and are thought to be used by most 

marine animals. With limited vision, abalone primarily sense their world chemically, and pheromones may play an important 

role in settlement, attraction, recognition, alarm, and reproduction. Despite this, there has been no detailed investigation into 

pheromone substances, both in their precise biochemical nature or pheromonal function. In this study, we investigated the 

presence of pheromonelike substances from the hypobranchial gland of the abalone Haliotis asinina using bioassays, 

immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The 

hypobranchial gland of many prosobranchial marine molluscs has been classified as a sex auxiliary gland releasing unknown 

substances during spawning. In our study, cephalic tentacle assays demonstrated that the cell extracts of the hypobranchial 

gland contain chemical cues that are sensed by conspecifics. An antibody against the sea slug "attractin" pheromone was 

used as a probe to localize a similar protein in the mucin-secreting cells of the epithelial lining the hypobranchial gland of 

both male and female abalone. The approximate molecular weight of this abalone attractin-like protein is 30 kDa in both 

males and females. Fractionation of hypobranchial gland extracts by C5 RP-HPLC could not selectively purify this protein, and 

no sex-specific differences were observed. We predict that the attractin-like protein could be one of a number of important 

proteins involved in maturation, aggregation, and/or spawning behavior of abalone. In future research, additional 

hypobranchial gland components will be tested further for these types of behavior. 

No.632 

Author (s) : Kulkeaw, K., Ishitani, T., Kanemaru, T., Fucharoen, S., Sugiyama, D. 

Title : Cold exposure down-regulates zebrafish hematopoiesis 

Source : Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Volume 394, Issue 4, 16 April 2010, Pages 859-864 


Keywords : Hematopoiesis; Temperature; Zebrafish 

Abstract : Erythropoiesis is regulated such that a sufficient number of mature erythrocytes is produced. Down-regulation of 

erythropoiesis causes various types of anemia. Although some anemia-related genes have been identified, there are several 

types of anemic disease for which the molecular mechanisms are yet unclear, suggesting that unidentified genes in addition 

to the classical cytokine pathways play important roles in anemia. To address this issue, a new animal model for anemia is 

required. We established a reversible anemic model in zebrafish by keeping fish at 17 °C, a low water temperature. In 

zebrafish kidney marrow, expression of several genes encoding hematopoietic transcription factors (Runx1, scl, c-myb and 

GATA-2) and particularly erythropoiesis-related factors (klfd, hbaa1, ba1, GATA-1, EPO, and EPOr) was down-regulated, whereas 

myelopoiesis-related factors (csf1a and csf3) was up-regulated in low temperature conditions. We propose that this zebrafish 

model is useful to identify novel genes for hematopoiesis, particularly erythropoiesis. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 

No.633 

Author (s) : Kulthanan, K., Wongkamchai, S., Triwongwaranat, D. 

Title : Mosquito allergy: Clinical features and natural course 

Source : Journal of Dermatology, Volume 37, Issue 12, December 2010, Pages 1025-1031 


Keywords : clinical features; mosquito allergy; natural course 

Abstract : Mosquito bite allergic reactions are due to sensitization to mosquito salivary proteins. The purpose of our study was to assess 

the clinical features of Thai patients with mosquito allergy, and to define the natural desensitization course. Seventy patients 

with mosquito allergy were enrolled. Most patients were female. Half of the patients had a personal history of atopy. The 

average age of onset of mosquito reaction was 5.7 years old (range 2-58). Four patients were in the desensitization phase in 

which clinical symptoms disappeared within 9.5 years (median). The common cutaneous lesions were erythematous papules 

(68.6%) and immediate wheals (67.1%). The most common area of involvement was the leg. Forty of 50 patients (80%) had 

positive skin prick testing to mosquito allergen (Culex quinquefasciatus) and 31 of 42 patients (73.8%) had positive 

immunoglobulin E antibodies against allergens in C. quinquefasciatus saliva proteins. © 2010 Japanese Dermatological 

Association. 

No.634 

Author (s) : Kumsiri, R., Potup, P., Chotivanich, K., Petmitr, S., Kalambaheti, T., Maneerat, Y. 

231


Title : Blood stage plasmodium falciparum antigens induce T cell independent immunoglobulin production via B cell activation 

factor of the TNF family (BAFF) pathway 

Source : Acta Tropica, Volume 116, Issue 3, December 2010, Pages 217-226 


Keywords : B cells; BAFF; Hemozoin; Immunoglobulin; Plasmodium falciparum 

Abstract : T independent (TI) antigens (Ags) activate monocytes to produce a cytokine, termed B cell activation factor (BAFF), involved in 

immunoglobulin (Ig) production. This study aimed to investigate whether the soluble schizont fraction of Plasmodium 

falciparum antigen (sPfAg) and hemozoin (HZ) could act as TI Ag to induce P. falciparum (Pf) specific Ig production via BAFF 

pathway. Co-cultures of monocytes and naïve B cells from 6 healthy donors were stimulated with sPfAg (10 mg/ml) or HZ (10 

μM). At interval times, the expressions of BAFF on activated monocytes, BAFF receptor (BAFF-R) and proliferation nuclear Ag 

in activated B cells were determined by flow cytometry. The soluble BAFF (sBAFF), total and specific IgG levels in the 

supernatants were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The finding revealed both sPfAg and HZ could 

activate monocytes to express BAFF on surface and release sBAFF in the supernatant within 72 h of stimulation. The B cells 

responded to specific activation, indicated by BAFF-R expression on the surface within 72 h, marked proliferation on day 7, 

and final production of total and specific IgG during days 7-12. Comparing to sPfAg, HZ stimulated monocyte and B cell coculture 

to express higher levels of BAFF and sBAFF during 24-48 h, more BAFF-R on HZ activated B cells within 24 h and 

induced marked proliferation of B cells with higher Pf specific IgG level. However, stimulation with sPfAg showed a more 

significant correlation between BAFF expression on the activated monocytes at 72 h and the Pf specific IgG level on day 12 (r 

= 0.961, p = 0.039, Pearson Correlation). In conclusion, it is possible that both sPfAg and HZ stimulated B cells to produce 

specific IgG with BAFF involvement. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

No.635 

Author (s) : Kunacheva, C., Fujii, S., Tanaka, S., Boontanon, S.K., Poothong, S., Wongwatthana, T., Shivakoti, B.R. 

Title : Perfluorinated compounds contamination in tap water and bottled water in Bangkok, Thailand 

Source : Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology - AQUA, Volume 59, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 345-354 


Keywords : Bottled water; Perfluorinated compounds; PFOA; PFOS; Tap water; Water treatment plant 

Abstract : Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) such as perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) have been 

detected in the environment, in biota and in humans. The exposure pathways of these chemicals to humans are unclear. Tap 

water and bottled water are two possible pathways of PFCs occurrence in human blood. The major objectives of the study 

were to identify the occurrences of PFCs in tap and bottled water and to evaluate conventional water treatment processes 

performance on removal of PFCs. Solid phase extraction coupled with HPLC-ESI-MS/MS were used for the analysis of ten 

PFCs. PFCs were detected in all tap water samples and bottled water samples. The average PFOS and PFOA concentrations in 

tap water were 0.17 and 3.58 ng l-1, respectively. PFOS and PFOA were not similarly distributed in all areas in the city. PFCs 

concentrations were higher in bottled water than in tap water. Moreover, the current treatment processes were not effective 

in removing PFCs in aqueous phase. Nevertheless, PFCs in particulate phase were effectively removed by primary 

sedimentation and rapid sand filtration. Based on the guideline from the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, 

PFOA concentrations in tap water and bottled water found in Bangkok were not expected to cause any health risks. © 2010 

IWA Publishing. 

No.636 

Author (s) : Kungpanichkul, N., Vannasaeng, S., Thongtang, N. 

Title : Comparison of efficacy between 1 mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test and 2-day low dose dexamethasone 

suppression test for diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome 



Keywords : Cushing's syndrome; Dexamethasone suppression test; Diagnostic test 

Abstract : Objective: To assess the sensitivity and specificity of 1 mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test (ODST) and the 2-day 

low dose dexamethasone suppression test (LDST) for diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome, and to compare the accuracy of both 

tests using cutoff value at below 5 μg/dl and at below 1.8 μg/dl. Material and Method: The present study is a retrospective 

study, from 1971-2007, in one academic center of 77 patients with clinical suspicion of Cushing's syndrome. Kappa statistical 

analysis was used to determine agreement between the two tests. Sensitivity and specificity of the tests were calculated. 

232


ROC curves were created to determine the best cutoff value of the two tests. Results: ODST has very good agreement with 

the more troublesome LDST and has comparable efficacy. Lowering the cutoff value from 5 μg/dl to 1.8 μg/dl does not 

improve the accuracy of ODST but results in decreased specificity of LDST. The best cutoff value of ODST test is ≥ 5.3 μg/dl 

and the best cutoff value of LDST is ≥ 5 μg/dl. Conclusion: ODST is an efficient method for diagnosis of patients suspected of 

having Cushing's syndrome. The attempt to lowering cutoff value does not improve the efficacy of dexamethasone 

suppression test. 

No.637 

Author (s) : Kunkeaw, S., Tangphatsornruang, S., Smith, D.R., Triwitayakorn, K. 

Title : Genetic linkage map of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) based on AFLP and SSR markers 

Source : Plant Breeding, Volume 129, Issue 1, February 2010, Pages 112-115 


Keywords : AFLP; Cassava; Linkage map; SSR 

Abstract : To generate a genetic linkage map of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), 58 F1 progenies from a cross between Rayong 90 

(female) and Rayong 5 (male) were examined in amplification fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and simple sequence 

repeat (SSR) analyses. A total of 469 polymorphic markers consisting of 378 AFLPs generated from 76 primer combinations 

and 91 SSRs were identified. These markers were analyzed using the JOINMAP® 3.0 package program to construct a genetic 

linkage map. A total of 33 linkage groups of a common map were constructed from 119 AFLPs and 18 SSRs, spanning 1095 

cM with an average of 7.99 cM between markers. The genetic linkage map generated in this study will be useful for genetic 

studies in cassava particularly for the identification of genetic markers linked to traits of interest, although the complex 

cassava genome suggests that maybe a long term objective. © 2009 Blackwell Verlag GmbH. 

No.638 

Author (s) : Kunkeaw, S., Worapong, J., Smith, D.R., Triwitayakorn, K. 

Title : An in vitro detached leaf assay for pre-screening resistance to anthracnose disease in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) 

Source : Australasian Plant Pathology, Volume 39, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 547-550 


Keywords : Colletotrichum, Glomerella cingulata, Manihot esculenta, Solanum tuberosum 

Abstract : Cassava anthracnose disease (CAD), caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides f. sp. manihotis is one of the most important 

fungal infections that affects cassava yield in many countries especially in Africa and including Thailand. In this study, a rapid 

screening method to identify cassava varieties that are resistant to CAD based on a detached leaf assay was developed. Three 

different varieties of cassava commonly grown in Thailand, Hanatee, Huay Bong 60 and Kasetsart 50 were used. Agar plugs 

(0.8 cm diameter) with mycelia of C. gloeosporioides f. sp. manihotis were applied to the centre of the middle lobe of the 

cassava leaves, while sterile potato dextrose agar plugs were used as controls. Lesions on the inoculated samples were 

measured on the fourth day after inoculation. The size of the lesions on each variety was compared using ANOVA and the 

results revealed that Huay Bong 60 showed the highest resistance to CAD whereas Hanatee was the most susceptible variety. 

The screening method developed in this study can be undertaken within a short time and without contamination of the 

pathogen into the environment. This methodology will be useful for identification of cassava varieties with resistance to CAD. 

© 2010 Australasian Plant Pathology Society. 

No.639 

Author (s) : Kuntawee, C., Fungladda, W., Kaewkungwal, J., Chanthavanich, P., Chotpittayasunon, T. 

Title : Social factors related to quality of life among HIV infected children in Ubon Ratchathani province, Thailand 



Keywords : Children; HIV; Quality of life; Social factors; Thailand 

Abstract : A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the social factors and quality of life of HIV infected children attending 

the Pediatric Infectious Disease Clinic, Sappasithiprasong Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani Province, Thailand. Data were collected 

during October-November 2008, by interviewing caretakers and their children using a structured questionnaire. The children's 

families were in need of improved social support (84.5%), since community resources provided limited support, such as 

clothes, food, financial support, consultation, and information. The HIV infected children's quality of life needed improvement 

(78.7%). The factors associated with quality of life included having others as main caretakers (OR 4.64, 95%CI 1.45-14.78), 

233


parental death (OR 4.19, 95%CI 1.55-11.31), age of caregivers above 45 years old (OR 9.52, 95%CI 2.62-34.53), and family 

income less than THB 5,000 per month (OR 5.25, 95%CI 1.14-23.39). However, on multivariate analysis, only age of caregiver 

was a significant predictor for quality of life of the child. Children who were cared for by caregivers aged 45 years or above 

had a better quality of life than those whose caregivers were 20-45 years old (OR 6.32, 95%CI 1.12-35.62). Therefore, to 

improve quality of life among HIV infected children, age of caregiver is an important factor to be considered. Government and 

non-government organizations should focus on supporting caregivers in terms of food, financial, and emotional support based 

on resources available in the community. 

No.640 

Author (s) : Kuptniratsaikul, V., Thanakhumtorn, S., Chinswangwatanakul, P., Wattanamongkonsil, L., Thamlikitkul, V. 

Title : Are Curcuma domestica (turmeric) extracts equally effective as ibuprofen for knee osteoarthritis? 

Source : Focus on Alternative and Complementary Therapies, Volume 15, Issue 2, June 2010, Pages 117-118 


Keywords : Curcuma domestica extract, glycosaminoglycan, ibuprofen, nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent, plant extract, unclassified drug; 

adult, clinical trial, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, drug efficacy, drug safety, drug withdrawal, human, knee 

osteoarthritis, major clinical study, note, outcome assessment, pain assessment, patient satisfaction, randomized controlled 

trial, rheumatology, single blind procedure, Thailand, treatment outcome, walking 


No.641 

Author (s) : Kusolsuk, T., Kamonrattanakun, S., Wesanonthawech, A., Dekumyoy, P., Thaenkham, U., Yoonuan, T., Nuamtanong, S., Sanguankiat, 

S., Pubampen, S., Maipanich, W., Panitchakit, J., Marucci, G., Pozio, E., Waikagul, J. 

Title : The second outbreak of trichinellosis caused by Trichinella papuae in Thailand 

Source : Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 104, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 433-437 


Keywords : Outbreak; Pork; Thailand; Trichinella papuae; Trichinellosis; Wild pig 

Abstract : A human trichinellosis outbreak caused by Trichinella papuae occurred in the Uthai Thani Province of Thailand in September 

2007. A total of 34 villagers suffering at least one of the symptoms suggestive of trichinellosis, or those who were 

asymptomatic but had a history of ingesting raw wild pig meat, were enrolled in the study. Twenty-two villagers had ingested 

undercooked pork from a hunted wild pig (Sus scrofa). One patient with a severe clinical picture was hospitalised and more 

than 80 non-encapsulated larvae were detected in the muscle biopsy. The larvae were identified as T. papuae by molecular 

analyses of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene and the expansion segment 5 (ES5) of the large 

subunit rRNA. Of the 34 suspected cases, 27 agreed to be subjected to haematological and serological tests. Immunoblot 

analysis using crude antigens from T. spiralis muscle larvae revealed anti- Trichinella IgG in 20 of the 26 serum samples (1 

serum sample could not be analysed). All infected people were successfully treated with mebendazole; the one patient with 

severe symptomatology was treated successfully with prednisolone. © 2009 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 

No.642 

Author (s) : Kutintara, B., Somboon, P., Chaengsri, S., Suanlim, S., Phankong, K., Chumnanprai, T., Sonsiri, W., Wongma, A. 

Title : Accessible market: A prototype for people with disabilities in Thailand 

Source : Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology, Volume 5, Issue 4, July 2010, Pages 240-246 


Keywords : Accessibility; Food stall; Market; People with disabilities 

Abstract : Purpose.Most Thai people like to purchase food at local markets; however, the accessibility to local markets by people with 

disabilities may be limited. The objective of this work was to develop a prototype of an accessible market for people with 

disabilities in Thailand, by performing a case study on a selected market in which people with disabilities often go. Methods. 

Representative players participated in this study: a market owner, food stall owners, assistive technology specialists, general 

customers, and customers with disabilities. Data were collected by observing environmental features in the market, and by 

interviewing the participants. Results.The results indicated that people with disabilities could not access the market because 

of lack of suitable parking zone, lack of ramps, walkways with obstacles, unsuitable public restrooms, the lack of zoned area 

for the food court and of standards for food stalls. Conclusion.After analysis of the data, a prototype was designed for parking 

spaces, ramps, walkways, public restroom, food court, and food stalls to make the market accessible. © 2010 Informa UK Ltd. 

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No.643 

Author (s) : Kypraios, T., O'Neill, P.D., Huang, S.S., Rifas-Shiman, S.L., Cooper, B.S. 

Title : Assessing the role of undetected colonization and isolation precautions in reducing Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus 

aureus transmission in intensive care units 

Source : BMC Infectious Diseases, Volume 10, 16 February 2010, Article number 29 


Keywords : article, bacterial colonization, bacterial transmission, bacterium detection, Bayes theorem, controlled study, health 

survey, human, infection control, intensive care unit, major clinical study, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus 

aureus, nonhuman, nose smear, patient care, protective clothing, screening test, adult, cross infection, disease 

transmission, heterozygote, isolation and purification, microbiology, nose, Staphylococcus infection; Adult, Carrier State, Cross 

Infection, Disease Transmission, Infectious, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus 

aureus, Nose, Patient Isolation, Staphylococcal Infections 

Abstract : Background: Screening and isolation are central components of hospital methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 

control policies. Their prevention of patient-to-patient spread depends on minimizing undetected and unisolated MRSApositive 

patient days. Estimating these MRSA-positive patient days and the reduction in transmission due to isolation presents 

a major methodological challenge, but is essential for assessing both the value of existing control policies and the potential 

benefit of new rapid MRSA detection technologies. Recent methodological developments have made it possible to estimate 

these quantities using routine surveillance data.Methods: Colonization data from admission and weekly nares cultures were 

collected from eight single-bed adult intensive care units (ICUs) over 17 months. Detected MRSA-positive patients were 

isolated using single rooms and barrier precautions. Data were analyzed using stochastic transmission models and model 

fitting was performed within a Bayesian framework using a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm, imputing unobserved MRSA 

carriage events.Results: Models estimated the mean percent of colonized-patient-days attributed to undetected carriers as 

14.1% (95% CI (11.7, 16.5)) averaged across ICUs. The percent of colonized-patient-days attributed to patients awaiting results 

averaged 7.8% (6.2, 9.2). Overall, the ratio of estimated transmission rates from unisolated MRSA-positive patients and those 

under barrier precautions was 1.34 (0.45, 3.97), but varied widely across ICUs.Conclusions: Screening consistently detected 

>80% of colonized-patient-days. Estimates of the effectiveness of barrier precautions showed considerable uncertainty, but in 

all units except burns/general surgery and one cardiac surgery ICU, the best estimates were consistent with reductions in 

transmission associated with barrier precautions. © 2010 Kypraios et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.644 

Author (s) : Lai, S., Wiwatanapataphee, B. 

Title : The well-posedness of the global solution for a damped euler-bernoulli equation 



Keywords : Beam equation; Global solution; Initial value problem 

Abstract : In this paper, we study the well-posedness of the global solution to the following damped Euler-Bernoulli equation utt + 

auxxxx + 2but + cu = f(u), t≥0, x; ε [0, + ∞). For the case f(u) = u2, the existence and uniqueness of the global solution to an 

initial value problem of the equation are established in the space C([0,+∞),L2([0,+∞)))∩C1([0,+∞), H-1([0,+∞))). For the case 

where f(u) is a polynomial, we find that the well-posedness can be established in the Sobolev space C([0, +∞), Hs([0, +∞))) 

∩ C1([0, +∞), H s-1([0, +∞))) (s > 1/2). © 2010 Academic Publications. 

No.645 

Author (s) : Laksameethanasan, D., Brandt, S.S. 

Title : A bayesian reconstruction method with marginalized uncertainty model for camera motion in microrotation imaging 

Source : IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, Volume 57, Issue 7, July 2010, Article number 5422680, Pages 1719-1728 


Keywords : Cell biology; cellmanipulation; image reconstruction; light microscopy; microrotation imaging; statistical inverse problems 

Abstract : Reconstruction of a 3-D structure from multiple projection images requires prior knowledge of projection directions or camera 

motion parameters that describe the relative positions and orientations of 3-D structure with respect to the camera. These 

parameters can be estimated using, for instance, the conventional correlation alignment and feature-based methods. 

However, the alignment methods are not perfect, where the inaccuracy of the estimated motion parameters causes artifacts 

235


in the reconstruction. To overcome this problem, we propose a Bayesian approach to reconstruct the object that takes the 

motion uncertainty distribution into account. Moreover, we consider the motion parameters as nuisance parameters and 

integrate them out from the posterior distribution, assuming a Gaussian uncertainty model, which yields a statistical cost 

function to be minimized. The proposed method is applied in microrotation fluorescence imaging, where we aim at 3-D 

reconstruction of a rotating object from an image series, acquired by an optical microscope. The experiments with simulated 

and real microrotation datasets demonstrate that the proposed method provides visually and numerically better results than 

the traditional reconstruction methods, which ignore the uncertainty of the motion estimates. © 2006 IEEE. 

No.646 

Author (s) : Lallemant, M., Ngo-Giang-Huong, N., Jourdain, G., Traisaithit, P., Cressey, TR., Collins, IJ., Jarupanich, T., Sukhumanant, T., 

Achalapong, J., Sabsanong, P., Chotivanich, N., Winiyakul, N., Ariyadej, S., Kanjanasing, A., Ratanakosol, J., Hemvuttiphan, J., 

Kengsakul, K., Wannapira, W., Sittipiyasakul, V., Pornkitprasarn, W., Liampongsabuddhi, P., McIntosh, K., Van Dyke, RB., Frenkel, 

LM., Koetsawang, S., Le Coeur, S., Kanchana, S. 

Title : Efficacy and Safety of 1-Month Postpartum Zidovudine-Didanosine to Prevent HIV-Resistance Mutations after Intrapartum 

Single-Dose Nevirapine 

Source : CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES, Volume: 50, Issue: 6, Pages: 898-908, DOI: 10.1086/650745, Published: MAR 15 2010 


Keywords : TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HEPATITIS-B; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; RECEIVING NEVIRAPINE; 

RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; SUBTYPE-A; WOMEN; EXPOSURE; DISCONTINUATION 

Abstract : Background. Intrapartum single-dose nevirapine plus third trimester maternal and infant zidovudine are essential components 

of programs to prevent mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in resource-limited settings. The 

persistence of nevirapine in the plasma for 3 weeks postpartum risks selection of resistance mutations to nonnucleoside 

reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). We hypothesized that a 1-month zidovudine-didanosine course initiated at the same 

time as single-dose nevirapine (sdNVP) would prevent the selection of nevirapine-resistance mutations. Methods. HIV-infected 

pregnant women in the PHPT-4 cohort with CD4 cell counts >250 cells/mm(3) received antepartum zidovudine from the third 

trimester until delivery, sdNVP during labor, and a 1-month zidovudine-didanosine course after delivery. These women were 

matched on the basis of baseline HIV load, CD4 cell count, and duration of antepartum zidovudine to women who received 

sdNVP in the PHPT-2 trial (control subjects). Consensus sequencing and the more sensitive oligonucleotide ligation assay were 

performed on samples obtained on postpartum days 7-10, 37-45, and 120 (if the HIV load was >500 copies/mL) to detect 

K103N/Y181C/G190A mutations. Results. The 222 PHPT-4 subjects did not differ from matched control subjects in baseline 

characteristics except for age. The combined group median CD4 cell count was 421 cells/mm(3) (interquartile range [IQR], 

322-549 cells/mm3), the median HIV load was 3.45 log(10) copies/mL (IQR, 2.79-4.00 log(10) copies/mL), and the median 

duration of zidovudine prophylaxis was 10.4 weeks (IQR, 9.1-11.4 weeks). Using consensus sequencing, major NNRTI resistance 

mutations were detected after delivery in 0% of PHPT-4 subjects and 10.4% of PHPT-2 controls. The oligonucleotide ligation 

assay detected resistance in 1.8% of PHPT-4 subjects and 18.9% of controls. Major NNRTI resistance mutations were detected 

by either method in 1.8% of PHPT-4 subjects and 20.7% of controls (P


Title : Protective effect of makrut lime leaf (Citrus hystrix) in HepG2 cells: Implications for oxidative stress 

Source : ScienceAsia, Volume 36, Issue 2, June 2010, Pages 112-117 


Keywords : Antioxidant enzyme; Hydroxyl radical; Lipid peroxidation; Phenolics 

Abstract : The objective of the present study was to examine fresh and processed (boiled or fried) leaves of Citrus hystrix in terms of 

total phenolic content, malondialdehyde content, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and hydroxyl radicals scavenging 

activities, the baseline levels of glutathione S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase in HepG2 cells. The 

results indicated that fresh C. hystrix leaves possess the higher hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (22 mg/ml). Pretreatment 

of C. hystrix leaf extracts decreases GST, SOD, or catalase activity induced by H2O2, rendering them unsuitable for cancer 

chemoprevention, superoxide scavenging, or hydrogen peroxide detoxification. A linear relation between the total phenolic 

content and DPPH or hydroxyl radical activities of the extract was not observed. This study showed that C. hystrix leaf may 

exert its antioxidative stress by scavenging hydroxyl radicals and inhibiting lipid peroxidation that causes oxidative damage to 

HepG2 cells. 

No.649 

Author (s) : Laosiripojana, N., Charojrochkul, S., Kim-Lohsoontorn, P., Assabumrungrat, S. 

Title : Role and advantages of H2S in catalytic steam reforming over nanoscale CeO2-based catalysts 

Source : Journal of Catalysis, Volume 276, Issue 1, 19 November 2010, Pages 6-15 


Keywords : CeO2; H2S; Hydrogen; Steam reforming 

Abstract : The activity of nanoscale CeO2 and doped CeO2 (with Gd, Y, Nb, La, and Sm) toward the steam reforming of CH4 in the 

presence of H2S was investigated for later application as an in-stack reforming catalyst in a solid oxide fuel cell. Although H2S 

is commonly known as a poisonous gas for metallic-based catalysts, it was found that the presence of appropriate H2S 

content increases the reforming activity of these CeO2-based catalysts. According to postreaction catalyst characterizations by 

X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, temperature-programmed reduction, temperature-programmed 

desorption, H2/H2O + H2S titration, and 18O/16O isotope exchange, it was revealed that this behavior is related to the 

formation of various Ce-O-S phases (Ce(SO 4)2, Ce2(SO4)3, and Ce2O2S) during the reaction. Our studies indicated that the 

formation of Ce(SO4)2 promotes the oxygen storage capacity, the lattice oxygen mobility, and eventually the reforming 

activity, whereas the formation of Ce2O2S oppositely reduces both properties and lowers the reforming rate. © 2010 Elsevier 

Inc. All rights reserved. 

No.650 

Author (s) : Laosiripojana, N., Sutthisripok, W., Kim-Lohsoontorn, P., Assabumrungrat, S. 

Title : Reactivity of Ce-ZrO2 (doped with La-, Gd-, Nb-, and Sm-) toward partial oxidation of liquefied petroleum gas: Its application 

for sequential partial oxidation/steam reforming 

Source : International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Volume 35, Issue 13, July 2010, Pages 6747-6756 


Keywords : Ce-ZrO2; Hydrogen; Liquefied petroleum gas; Partial oxidation 

Abstract : Ce-ZrO2 was found to have useful partial oxidation activity under moderate temperatures. It converted liquefied petroleum 

gas (LPG) to H2, CH4, CO and CO2 with small amounts of C2H6 and C2H4 formations depending on the operating temperature 

and provided significantly greater resistance toward carbon deposition compared to conventional Ni/Al2O 3. The doping of La, 

Sm and Gd over Ce-ZrO2 considerably improved catalytic reactivity, whereas Nb-doping reduced its reactivity. It was found 

that the impact of doping element is strongly related to the degrees of oxygen storage capacity (OSC) and/or lattice oxygen 

(OOx) of materials. Among all catalysts, La-doped Ce-ZrO2 was observed to have highest OSC value and was the most active 

catalyst. Above 850 °C with inlet LPG/O2 molar ratio of 1.0/1.0, the main products from the reaction over La-doped Ce-ZrO2 

were H2, CH4, CO, and CO2. Practical application was then proposed by applying La-doped Ce-ZrO2 as primary oxidative 

catalyst for sequential partial oxidation/steam reforming of LPG (by using Ni/Al2O3 as the steam reforming catalyst). At 850 °C, 

this coupling pattern offered high H2 yield (87.0-91.4%) without any hydrocarbons left in the products indicating the 

complete conversion of LPG to syngas. H2 yield from this system was almost identical to that observed from the typical 

autothermal reforming over Rh/Al2O3; hence it could efficiently replace the requirement of expensive noble metal catalysts 

to reform LPG properly. © 2010 Professor T. Nejat Veziroglu. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

237


No.651 

Author (s) : Laosombat, V., Viprakasit, V., Dissaneevate, S., Leetanaporn, R., Chotsampancharoen, T., Wongchanchailert, M., Kodchawan, S., 

Thongnoppakun, W., Duangchu, S. 

Title : Natural history of Southeast Asian Ovalocytosis during the first 3years of life 

Source : Blood Cells, Molecules, and Diseases, Volume 45, Issue 1, June 2010, Pages 29-32 


Keywords : AE-1 gene; Anemia; Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia; Southeast Asian Ovalocytosis (SAO) 

Abstract : Southeast Asian Ovalocytosis (SAO), the most common red cell membrane disorder found in the Far-East and Pacific rim, 

appears to be innocuous in man since it has been identified mostly in non-anemic healthy individuals. To further substantiate 

our previous observation that this condition might be symptomatic particularly in the neonatal period, we studied 1567 

newborns from Southern Thailand where SAO is prevalent. Thirty-one babies (1: 50 with allele frequency of 0.01) have been 

identified with SAO and confirmed molecularly to carry a single defective AE-1 (band 3) allele. These babies had significant 

anemia at birth due to hemolysis with 51.6% of them developing neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Co-inheritance of common 

UGT1A1 variants in such cases was not associated with their degree of jaundice. Interestingly, hematology data of these SAO 

babies became "normalized" in the first 3. years of life without further evidence of on-going and/or even "compensated" 

hemolysis. © 2010. 

No.652 

Author (s) : Laosutthipong, C., Flegel, T. 

Title : Viprolaxikine, a Novel Cytokine-like Protein from Insect Cell Cultures can Reduce Dengue-2 Virus Titres in Mammalian Cells 

Source : ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH, Volume: 86, Issue: 1, Pages: A36-A37, DOI: 10.1016/j.antivira1.2010.02.383, Meeting Abstract: 73, 

Published: APR 2010 




No.653 

Author (s) : Laothavorn, P., Hengrussamee, K., Kanjanavanit, R., Moleerergpoom, W., Laorakpongse, D., Pachirat, O., Boonyaratavej, S., 

Sritara, P. 

Title : Thai acute decompensated heart failure registry (Thai ADHERE) 

Source : CVD Prevention and Control, Volume 5, Issue 3, September 2010, Pages 89-95 


Keywords : Heart failure; Neurohormonal blockers; Thai ADHERE registry; Thai heart failure registry 

Abstract : Background: Heart Failure (HF) is the one of the malignant cardiac syndromes which has a high morbidity and mortality rate. 

In Thailand, HF is one of the major cardiovascular health problems and economic burdens disease. Thai ADHERE is the first HF 

registry in Thailand. Objective: To assess patient with HF in Thailand in terms of patients' characteristics, clinical presentation, 

causes of heart failure, and precipitating causes of heart failure, hospital course, management, and in-hospital outcomes. 

Material and methods: Thai Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Registry or Thai ADHERE registry is a Phase IV, multicenter, 

observational, and open-label registry in 18 cardiac centers in Thailand using the US ADHERE protocol. Medical records of 

hospitalized patients with the principal discharge diagnosis of HF from March 2006 to November 2007 were validated and 

registered via an electronic web based system. Results: There were 2041 HF admissions in 1612 patients with a median age of 

67 years (mean 64 ± 14 years). Age >75 years was found in 24%, 49.6% were male patients, and 67% of these admissions had 

prior heart failure. Underlying diseases were hypertension [(HT) = 65%], coronary artery disease [(CAD) = 47%], dyslipidemia 

(50%), diabetes mellitus (47%), atrial fibrillation (24%) and chronic kidney disease (19%). Clinical features at presentation were 

dyspnea (97%), edema (60%), pulmonary rales (85%) and pulmonary congestion by chest X-ray (93%). Sixty-nine percent 

(69%) were in NYHA functional class IV and 44% had a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) less than 40%. Common causes 

of heart failure were CAD (45%), valvular heart diseases (19%), cardiomyopathy (14%) and HT (12%). Precipitating causes of 

heart failure were heart disease itself 54% and 20% were related to inadequate diuretics and poor patient compliance with 

medications. Neurohormonal blockers (NHB) [angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensinoge receptor blocker 

(ARB), aldosterone blocker (AA) and beta blockers (BB)], were given prior to hospitalization in comparison to at discharge in 

26% vs. 35%, 12% vs. 12%, 13% vs. 17% and 26% vs. 24% respectively. In-hospital mortality rate was 5.5% and the median 

length of hospitalization was 7.5 days. Major causes of death were sepsis, worsening of heart failure, arrhythmic arrest and 

238


acute coronary syndrome. There was a higher mortality rate in those with poor LV systolic function compared to those with 

preserved LV systolic function (8.2% vs. 4.1%; p = .008). At discharge, 23% of the patients were asymptomatic while 69% had 

symptomatic improvement. Conclusion: Thai ADHERE registry revealed that Thai patients hospitalized for heart failure are 

younger and sicker than European and American patients. There is a high prevalence of HF with preserved ejection fraction. 

CAD was the most common cause of HF while HT was the most common underlying disease. There was a 5.4% mortality 

rate, which was higher in those with poor LV systolic function. There was underutilization of NHB (ACEI, ARB, BB and AA). © 

2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of World Heart Federation. 

No.654 

Author (s) : Larbcharoensub, N., Wongwichai, S., Chongtrakool, P., Boongird, A., Noinang, A., Watcharananan, S.P., Tunlayadechanont, S., 

Witoonpanich, R., Phudhichareonrat, S. 

Title : Cerebral aspergillosis and cerebral candidiasis; a retrospective analysis of clinicopathologic features in ramathibodi hospital 



Keywords : Aspergillosis; Brain abscess; Candidiasis; Cerebral mycosis; Fungus 

Abstract : Objective: Determine and compare the clinicopathological findings of cerebral aspergillosis with cerebral candidiasis. Material 

and Method: The medical records with cerebral aspergillosis and cerebral candidiasis in Ramathibodi Hospital between 

January 1997 and December 2008 were analyzed. The criterion for the diagnosis of cerebral aspergillosis and cerebral 

candidiasis was the evidence of fungal elements from histopathologic section. The age, gender, neurological manifestations, 

duration of symptom, associated underlying disease, predisposing risk factor, laboratory data, extent of systemic organ 

involvement and treatment outcome were analyzed. Results: The present study included cerebral aspergillosis (n = 41) and 

candidiasis (n = 15). There were 23 male and 33 female patients. The mean and median ages at diagnosis were 39.7 and 45 

years, respectively (range, 1 month to 87 years). The clinical presentations included alteration of consciousness (69.6%), fever 

(60.7%), weakness of the extremity (14.3%), cranial nerve palsy (12.5%), headache (12.59%) and seizure (5.4%). One third of 

the cases had underlying ematologic malignancy. The cerebral aspergillosis and cerebral candidiasis were associated with 

corticosteroids treatment in 32.1%. The frequent associated sites of fungal infection included the lungs (73.2%), alimentary 

tract (33.9%) and sinonasal tract (19.6%). Conclusion: A diagnosis of cerebral aspergillosis and cerebral candidiasis requires a 

high index of suspicion especially in immunocompromised patients who presented with alteration of consciousness, fever, 

focal neurological deficit, headache, and seizure. The patients with cerebral aspergillosis and cerebral candidiasis manifest 

with similar clinicopathologic features. However, the sinonasal tract infection and abscess formation are more common in 

cerebral aspergillosis. Associated alimentary tract infection is commonly seen in cerebral candidiasis. 

No.655 

Author (s) : Law, M.J., Lower, K.M., Voon, H.P.J., Hughes, J.R., Garrick, D., Viprakasit, V., Mitson, M., De Gobbi, M., Marra, M., Morris, A., 

Abbott, A., Wilder, S.P., Taylor, S., Santos, G.M., Cross, J., Ayyub, H., Jones, S., Ragoussis, J., Rhodes, D., Dunham, I., Higgs, D.R., 

Gibbons, R.J. 

Title : ATR-X syndrome protein targets tandem repeats and influences allele-specific expression in a size-dependent manner 

Source : Cell, Volume 143, Issue 3, 29 October 2010, Pages 367-378 


Keywords : DNA; HUMDISEASE; PROTEINS 

Abstract : ATRX is an X-linked gene of the SWI/SNF family, mutations in which cause syndromal mental retardation and downregulation 

of α-globin expression. Here we show that ATRX binds to tandem repeat (TR) sequences in both telomeres and euchromatin. 

Genes associated with these TRs can be dysregulated when ATRX is mutated, and the change in expression is determined by 

the size of the TR, producing skewed allelic expression. This reveals the characteristics of the affected genes, explains the 

variable phenotypes seen with identical ATRX mutations, and illustrates a new mechanism underlying variable penetrance. 

Many of the TRs are G rich and predicted to form non-B DNA structures (including G-quadruplex) in vivo. We show that ATRX 

binds G-quadruplex structures in vitro, suggesting a mechanism by which ATRX may play a role in various nuclear processes 

and how this is perturbed when ATRX is mutated. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. 

239


No.656 

Author (s) : Lawaly, Y.R., kuntabhai, A., Marrama, L., Konate, L., Phimpraphi, W., Sokhna, C., Tall, A., Sarr, F.D., Peerapittayamongkol, C., 

Louicharoen, C., Schneider, B.S., Levescot, A., Talman, A., Casademont, I., Menard, D., Trape, J., Rogier, C., Kaewkunwal, J., 

Sura, T., Nuchprayoon, I., Ariey, F., Baril, L., Singhasivanon, P., Mercereau-Puijalon, O., Paul, R. 

Title : Heritability of the human infectious reservoir of malaria parasites 



Keywords : alpha globin, hemoglobin S; adolescent, adult, article, blood smear, child, disease carrier, family study, female, follow 

up, gametocyte, gene mutation, genetic association, Giemsa stain, heritability, human, human genetics, infant, infection 

resistance, infection sensitivity, longitudinal study, major clinical study, malaria, male, nonhuman, parasite 

transmission, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, preschool child, prevalence, restriction fragment length 

polymorphism, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, school child, Senegal, symptom, Thailand, alpha 

thalassemia, animal, cohort analysis, parasitology, pathogenicity, sickle cell anemia; Plasmodium falciparum; alpha- 

Thalassemia, Anemia, Sickle Cell, Animals, Cohort Studies, Disease Reservoirs, Humans, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium 

vivax, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction 

Abstract : Background: Studies on human genetic factors associated with malaria have hitherto concentrated on their role in 

susceptibility to and protection from disease. In contrast, virtually no attention has been paid to the role of human genetics 

in eliciting the production of parasite transmission stages, the gametocytes, and thus enhancing the spread of disease. 

Methods and Findings: We analysed four longitudinal family-based cohort studies from Senegal and Thailand followed for 2-8 

years and evaluated the relative impact of the human genetic and non-genetic factors on gametocyte production in 

infections of Plasmodium falciparum or P. vivax. Prevalence and density of gametocyte carriage were evaluated in 

asymptomatic and symptomatic infections by examination of Giemsa-stained blood smears and/or RT-PCR (for falciparum in 

one site). A significant human genetic contribution was found to be associated with gametocyte prevalence in asymptomatic 

P. falciparum infections. By contrast, there was no heritability associated with the production of gametocytes for P. falciparum 

or P. vivax symptomatic infections. Sickle cell mutation, HbS, was associated with increased gametocyte prevalence but its 

contribution was small. Conclusions: The existence of a significant human genetic contribution to gametocyte prevalence in 

asymptomatic infections suggests that candidate gene and genome wide association approaches may be usefully applied to 

explore the underlying human genetics. Prospective epidemiological studies will provide an opportunity to generate novel 

and perhaps more epidemiologically pertinent gametocyte data with which similar analyses can be performed and the role of 

human genetics in parasite transmission ascertained. © Lawaly et al. 

No.657 

Author (s) : Lawpoolsri, S., Chavez, I.F.; Yimsamran, S., Puangsa-art, S., Thanyavanich, N., Maneeboonyang, W., Chaimungkun, W., 

Singhasivanon, P., Maguire, J.H.; Hungerford, L.L. 

Title : The impact of human reservoir of malaria at a community-level on individual malaria occurrence in a low malaria 

transmission setting along the Thai-Myanmar border 

Source : MALARIA JOURNAL, Volume: 9, Article Number: 143, DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-9-143, Published: MAY 26 2010 


Keywords : PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; MEFLOQUINE-ARTESUNATE; SEASONAL TRANSMISSION; VIVAX-MALARIA; PRIMAQUINE; AREA; 

EPIDEMIOLOGY; ARTEMISININ; GAMETOCYTES; INFECTIONS 

Abstract : Background: The probability of contracting malaria in a given individual is determined not only by the individual's 

characteristics, but also the ecological factors that characterize the level of human-vector contact in the population. 

Examination of the relationship between "individual" and "supra-individual" variables over time is important for understanding 

the local malaria epidemiology. This is essential for planning effective intervention strategies specifically for each location. 

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, which followed a community-cohort of about 3,500 residents in seven 

hamlets along the Thai-Myanmar border between 1999 and 2006. Potential malaria determinants measured at different levels 

(temporal variables, individual variables, and hamlet variables) were incorporated into multilevel models to estimate their 

effects on an individual's risk of malaria attack. Results: The monthly minimum temperature was significantly associated with 

the seasonal variation of malaria risk. An individual risk of malaria attack decreased by about 50% during the period that 

active surveillance was conducted; an additional 15% and 25% reduction of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax 

incidence, respectively, was observed after the use of artesunate-mefloquine combination therapy (ACT) for treatment of P. 

falciparum. Male children (age < 16 years old) were at highest risk of both P. falciparum and P. vivax attack. An increase in the 

240


hamlet's incidence of P. falciparum and P. vivax by 1 per 100 persons in a previous month resulted in 1.14 and 1.34 times 

increase in the risk of P. falciparum and P. vivax, respectively, among individuals in a particular hamlet. Conclusion: In a small 

area with low malaria transmission intensity, the variation in mosquito abundance is relatively similar across the residential 

areas; incidence of malaria between hamlets, which reflects the community level of human infectious reservoirs, is an 

important predictor for the malaria risk among individuals within these hamlets. Therefore, local malaria control strategies 

should focus on interventions that aim to reduce the gametocyte carriage in the population, such as early detection and 

treatment programmes and the use of ACT for P. falciparum. 

No.658 

Author (s) : Lawung, R., Charoenwatanachokchai, A., Cherdtrakulkiat, R., Thammapiwan, S., Mungniponpan, T., Bülow, L., Prachayasittikul, 

V. 

Title : Antibiograms and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reactions (RAPD-PCR) as epidemiological markers of 

gonorrhea 

Source : Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, Volume 24, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 31-37 


Keywords : Gonorrhea; Gyrase A; Neissseria gonorrhoeae; RAPD-PCR 

Abstract : The development of antimicrobial resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae arising from wide dissemination of resistant clones is a 

major global health problem. In this study, a total of 235 isolates of N. gonorrhoeae isolated from patients of Bangrak 

Hospital were tested for their antibiotic susceptibilities to penicillin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, spectinomycin, and 

ceftriaxone. Mutation (Ser-91) in the quinolone resistance determining regions of gyrA and random amplification of the 

polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) were examined from 145 isolates. Among these, 55 isolates were 

obtained during January-March 2000, 46 isolates during January-March 2002, and 44 isolates during October-December 2002. 

The occurrence of combination resistance between penicillin and quinolone was 20% in January-March 2000, which was 

increased to 57.8% during the period of October-December 2002 (P


Keywords : antineoplastic agent, bevacizumab, monoclonal antibody, paclitaxel; adjuvant therapy, breast tumor, case report, chemically 

induced disorder, drug effect, female, human, letter, mastectomy, middle aged, necrosis, pathology, plastic 

surgery, postoperative complication, skin, skin disease, wound healing; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antineoplastic Combined 

Chemotherapy Protocols, Breast Neoplasms, Female, Humans, Mastectomy, Middle Aged, Necrosis, Neoadjuvant 

Therapy, Paclitaxel, Postoperative Complications, Skin, Skin Diseases, Surgical Flaps, Wound Healing 


No.661 

Author (s) : Leardkamolkarn, V., Sirigulpanit, W., Kinney, R.M. 

Title : Characterization of recombinant dengue-2 virus derived from a single nucleotide substitution in the 5 ′ noncoding region 

Source : Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Volume 2010, 2010, Article number 934694 


Keywords : virus RNA, complementary DNA; Aedes aegypti, animal experiment, animal model, article, cell culture, controlled 

study, Dengue virus, Dengue virus 2, female, genetic stability, immunogenicity, life cycle, mosquito, nonhuman, parasite 

vector, phenotype, RNA structure, single nucleotide polymorphism, structure analysis, temperature sensitivity, viremia, virus 

characterization, virus recombinant, virus replication, virus titration, virus transcription, virus transmission, virus 

virulence, Aedes, animal, cell line, chemistry, conformation, genetics, Institute for Cancer Research 

mouse, mouse, physiology, point mutation, temperature, virology, virulence; Dengue virus type 2, Mus; Aedes, Animals, Cell 

Line, Dengue Virus, DNA, Complementary, Female, Mice, Mice, Inbred ICR, Nucleic Acid Conformation, Phenotype, Point 

Mutation, RNA, Viral, Temperature, Viremia, Virulence, Virus Replication 

Abstract : Variants of wild-type dengue serotype 2 (DEN-2) virus containing nucleotide substitutions at positions 14, 15, or 57 in the 5 ′ 

NCR were constructed by PCR-mediated site-directed mutagenesis. All three viruses containing a single point substitution 

demonstrated attenuation phenotype as evidenced by decreases replication and plaque size in cell culture assay. All three 

variants were less neurovirulent in newborn mice compared to the wild type. The mutants were immunogenic in adult mice 

immunogenicity and maintained stable replication characteristics following passage in mice. The variant viruses were 

competent for replication in Aedes aegypi mosquito vector, albeit at lower levels of infection and dissemination in the 

mosquito than the wild-type Den-2 16681 virus. Although all of the viruses, including the wild type, were found transmissible 

in mosquito life cycles, they were found subsequentially decreased in efficiency of infection, transmission, and dissemination 

rates along the mosquito generations and all of them remained genetically stable. © 2010 Vijittra Leardkamolkarn et al. 

No.662 

Author (s) : Lee, K., Vivithanaporn, P., Siemieniuk, R.A., Krentz, H.B., Maingat, F., Gill, M.J., Power, C. 

Title : Clinical outcomes and immune benefits of anti-epileptic drug therapy in HIV/AIDS 

Source : BMC Neurology, Volume 10, 17 June 2010, Article number 44 


Keywords : anticonvulsive agent, antiretrovirus agent, calcium channel blocking agent, carbamazepine, CD4 antigen, CD8 

antigen, etiracetam, gabapentin, lamotrigine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, pregabalin, primidone, sodium channel blocking 

agent, topiramate, valproic acid; acquired immune deficiency syndrome, adult, alanine aminotransferase blood level, alkaline 

phosphatase blood level, article, aspartate aminotransferase blood level, CD4+ T lymphocyte, CD8+ T 

lymphocyte, controlled study, disease duration, drug fatality, drug indication, epilepsy, female, headache, human, human 

cell, Human immunodeficiency virus, Human immunodeficiency virus infection, hyperbilirubinemia, immune status, in vitro 

study, inhibition kinetics, liver dysfunction, liver function test, lymphocyte count, lymphocyte proliferation, major clinical 

study, male, mood disorder, motor dysfunction, neuropathic pain, peripheral neuropathy, prescription, seizure, side effect, T 

lymphocyte, treatment duration, treatment outcome, virus load, virus replication, cell culture, cell proliferation, cohort 

analysis, drug effect, immunology, metabolism, middle aged, physiology, time, virology; Acquired Immunodeficiency 

Syndrome, Adult, Anticonvulsants, Antigens, CD4, Antigens, CD8, Calcium Channel Blockers, Cell Proliferation, Cells, 

Cultured, Cohort Studies, Female, HIV, HIV Infections, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Sodium Channel Blockers, T- 

Lymphocytes, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Valproic Acid, Virus Replication 

Abstract : Background: Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) are frequently prescribed to persons with HIV/AIDS receiving combination antiretroviral 

therapy (cART) although the extent of AED use and their interactions with cART are uncertain. Herein, AED usage, associated 

toxicities and immune consequences were investigated.Methods: HIV replication was analysed in proliferating human T cells 

during AED exposure. Patients receiving AEDs in a geographically-based HIV care program were assessed using clinical and 

242


laboratory variables in addition to assessing AED indication, type, and cumulative exposures.Results: Valproate suppressed 

proliferation in vitro of both HIV-infected and uninfected T cells (p



Keywords : Desbutyl-benflumetol; Drug synergism; Lumefantrine; Malaria; Plasmodium falciparum 

Abstract : The pharmacodynamic interaction between lumefantrine and monodesbutyl-benflumetol has been investigated in 44 fresh 

isolates of patients with a Plasmodium falciparum infection from the region of Mae Sot (Thailand). Both substances proved to 

be effective against parasite maturation within the test concentration range, with monodesbutyl-benflumetol being effective 

at a lower concentration than lumefantrine. Synergism between the two substances was evaluated with a combination of 

lumefantrine and monodesbutyl-benflumetol at a ratio of 4.25:1. The geometric mean values for complete inhibition of 

schizont maturation were 1035.7 nM for lumefantrine, 655 nM for monodesbutyl-benflumetol and 222.5 nM for the 

combination of both. An analysis for interaction according to the method of Berenbaum indicates a moderate synergism at 

the IC 50, which gets stronger with increasing ICs and reaches the highest level at the IC99. The geometric mean of the sums 

of the FIC 50 is 0.73, of the FIC90 it is 0.37 and of the FIC 99 it is 0.25. © 2010 Springer-Verlag. 

No.666 

Author (s) : Leeboonngam, T.; Pramong, R.; Wongchitrat, P.; Govitrapong, P.; Phansuwan-Pujito, P. 

Title : DEVELOPMENT OF MELATONIN RECEPTOR EXPRESSION IN HIPPOCAMPUS OF POSTNATAL RATS 





No.667 

Author (s) : Leechor, P., Pompanomchai, C., Sukklay, P. 

Title : Operation of a radio-controlled car by voice commands 




Keywords : Human voice commands; Radio-controlled car (RC car); Voice recognition 

Abstract : The objective of this research is to operate a radio-controlled car (RC car) by using Thai voice commands. The research was 

conducted by sending a user's voice commands to a computer machine, and then the computer converted the voice 

commands into digital signal. After that, the digital signal was converted into a radio wave commands. Finally, an RC car 

operated based on the radio wave commands. The experiment was conducted on the RC car with five Thai voice commands, 

which were: 1) Stop, 2) Forward, 3) Backward, 4) Turn Left, and 5) Turn Right. The experimental precisions are 98.2%, 93.0% 

and 44.2% in a quiet room, an office room and a noisy room, respectively. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.668 

Author (s) : Leekitcharoenphon, P., Taweemuang, U., Palittapongarnpim, P., Kotewong, R., Supasiri, T., Sonthayanon, B. 

Title : Predicted sub-populations in a marine shrimp proteome as revealed by combined EST and cDNA data from multiple Penaeus 

species 



Keywords : Animalia, Artemia, Artemia franciscana, Caenorhabditis elegans, Carcinus maenas, Cladocera, Crustacea, Daphnia, Daphnia 

pulex, Decapoda (Crustacea), Drosophila melanogaster, Fenneropenaeus chinensis, Hexapoda, Homarus 

americanus, Litopenaeus vannamei, Marsupenaeus japonicus, Penaeidae, Penaeus, Penaeus monodon, Siphonaptera (fleas) 

Abstract : Background. Many species of marine shrimp in the Family Penaeidae, viz. Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei, Penaeus 

monodon, Penaeus (Fenneropenaeus) chinensis, and Penaeus (Marsupenaeus) japonicus, are animals of economic importance 

in the aquaculture industry. Yet information about their DNA and protein sequences is lacking. In order to predict their 

collective proteome, we combined over 270,000 available EST and cDNA sequences from the 4 shrimp species with all 

protein sequences of Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans. EST data from 4 other crustaceans, the crab 

Carcinus maenas, the lobster Homarus americanus (Decapoda), the water flea Daphnia pulex, and the brine shrimp Artemia 

franciscana were also used. Findings. Similarity searches from EST collections of the 4 shrimp species matched 64% of the 

protein sequences of the fruit fly, but only 45% of nematode proteins, indicating that the shrimp proteome content is more 

similar to that of an insect than a nematode. Combined results with 4 additional non-shrimp crustaceans increased matching 

244


to 78% of fruit fly and 56% of nematode proteins, suggesting that present shrimp EST collections still lack sequences for 

many conserved crustacean proteins. Analysis of matching data revealed the presence of 4 EST groups from shrimp, namely 

sequences for proteins that are both fruit fly-like and nematode-like, fruit fly-like only, nematode-like only, and nonmatching. 

Gene ontology profiles of proteins for the 3 matching EST groups were analyzed. For non-matching ESTs, a small 

fraction matched protein sequences from other species in the UniProt database, including other crustacean-specific proteins. 

Conclusions. Shrimp ESTs indicated that the shrimp proteome is comprised of sub-populations of proteins similar to those 

common to both insect and nematode models, those present specifically in either model, or neither. Combining small EST 

collections from related species to compensate for their small size allowed prediction of conserved expressed protein 

components encoded by their uncharacterized genomes. The organized data should be useful for transferring annotation 

data from model species into shrimp data and for further studies on shrimp proteins with particular functions or groups. © 

2010 Sonthayanon et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.669 

Author (s) : Leelahavarong, P., Chaikledkaew, U., Hongeng, S., Kasemsup, V., Lubell, Y., Teerawattananon, Y. 

Title : A cost-utility and budget impact analysis of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for severe thalassemic 

patients in Thailand 

Source : BMC Health Services Research, Volume 10, 2010, Article number 209 


Keywords : adolescent, adult, article, budget, child, cost benefit analysis, economics, hematopoietic stem cell 

transplantation, hospitalization, human, infant, preschool child, probability, quality adjusted life year, Thailand, thalassemia; 

Adolescent, Adult, Budgets, Child, Child, Preschool, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Hematopoietic Stem Cell 

Transplantation, Humans, Infant, Markov Chains, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Severity of Illness 

Index, Thailand, Thalassemia, Young Adult 

Abstract : Background. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only curative treatment available to severe thalassemic 

patients. The treatment, however, is very costly, particularly in the context of low and middle income countries, and no 

studies have been carried out to explore its economic justifiability. This study aimed to estimate the cost-utility of HSCT 

compared with blood transfusions combined with iron chelating therapy (BT-ICT) for severe thalassemia in Thailand, and to 

investigate the affordability of HSCT using a budget impact analysis. Methods. A Markov model was used to estimate the 

relevant costs and health outcomes over the patients' lifetimes taking a societal perspective as recommended by Thailand's 

health technology assessment guidelines. All future costs and outcomes were discounted at a rate of 3% per annum. Primary 

outcomes of interest were lifetime costs, quality adjusted life years (QALYs) gained, and the incremental cost-effectiveness 

ratio (ICER) in Thai baht (THB) per QALY gained. Results. Compared to BT-ICT, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio 

increased with patient age from 80,700 to 183,000 THB per QALY gained for related HSCT and 209,000 to 953,000 THB per 

QALY gained for unrelated HSCT among patients aged 1 to 15 years (US$1= 34 THB). The governmental budget impact 

analysis showed that providing 200 related HSCT to patients aged 1 to 10 years, in accordance with the current infrastructure 

limitations, would initially require approximately 90 million additional THB per year. Conclusions. At a societal willingness to 

pay of 100,000 THB per QALY gained, related HSCT was likely to be a cost-effective and affordable treatment for young 

children with severe thalassemia in Thailand. © 2010 Leelahavarong et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.670 

Author (s) : Leelakusolvong, S., Sriprayoon, T., Methasate, A., Akaraviputh, T. 

Title : Endoscopic treatment of acute Ascaris pancreatitis 

Source : Endoscopy, Volume 42, Issue SUPPL. 2, 2010, Pages E12-E13 


Keywords : amylase, mebendazole, triacylglycerol lipase; abdominal tenderness, adult, amylase blood level, article, ascariasis, bile duct 

dilatation, case report, catheter, computer assisted tomography, disease duration, duodenum, endoscopic retrograde 

cholangiopancreatography, endoscopic therapy, epigastric pain, fever, human, leukocyte count, male, nematode, pancreas 

duct, pancreatitis, pancreatography, physical examination, priority journal, sphincterotomy, swelling, triacylglycerol lipase 

blood level, Vater papilla; Adult, Animals, Antinematodal Agents, Ascariasis, Ascaris lumbricoides, Cholangiopancreatography, 

Endoscopic Retrograde, Humans, Male, Mebendazole, Pancreatitis, Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic 


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No.671 

Author (s) : Leelawat, K., Narong, S., Chaijan, S., Sa-Ngiamsuntorn, K., Disthabanchong, S., Wongkajornsilp, A., Hongeng, S. 

Title : Proteomic profiles of mesenchymal stem cells induced by a liver differentiation protocol 

Source : International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Volume 11, Issue 12, December 2010, Pages 4905-4915 


Keywords : Human mesenchymal stem cells; Liver differentiation; Proteomic study 

Abstract : The replacement of disease hepatocytes and the stimulation of endogenous or exogenous regeneration by human 

mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for liver-directed cell therapy. In this study, we isolated MSCs from 

adult bone marrow by plastic adhesion and induced differentiation with a liver differentiation protocol. Western blot analyses 

were used to assess the expression of liver-specific markers. Next, MSC-specific proteins were analyzed with two-dimensional 

(2D) gel electrophoresis and peptide mass fingerprinting matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-time of flight 

(TOF)-mass spectrometry (MS). To confirm the results from the proteomic study, semi-quantitative reverse transcriptionpolymerase 

chain reaction (RT-PCR) analyses were performed. We demonstrated that MSCs treated with the liver 

differentiation protocol expressed significantly more albumin, CK19 and CK20, than did undifferentiated cells. In addition the 

results of proteomic study demonstrated increases expression of FEM1B, PSMC2 and disulfide-isomerase A3 in MSCs treated 

with the liver differentiation protocol. These results from proteomic profiling will not only provide insight into the global 

responses of MSCs to hepatocyte differentiation, but will also lead to in-depth studies on the mechanisms of proteomic 

changes in MSCs. © 2010 by the authors. 

No.672 

Author (s) : Leerasiri, P., Chayachinda, C., Indhavivadhana, S., Wongwananurak, T., Dangrat, C., Rattanachaiyanont, M. 

Title : Nutritional supplements in health-conscious pre-/post-menopausal Thai women 



Keywords : Attitude; Knowledge; Menopause; Nutritional supplement 

Abstract : Objective: To survey prevalence, knowledge, attitude, and factors affecting the behavior of nutritional supplement 

consumption in health-conscious pre-/post-menopausal Thai women. Material and Method: A survey was conducted in 327 

women, aged 40-67 years, who were new participants in the health promotion education program of Siriraj Menopause Clinic, 

Gynecologic Endocrinology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol 

University, between January and July 2008. The participants completed a self-administering questionnaire inquiring their 

demographic data, attitude, knowledge, and behavior of supplement consumption. The participants were divided into three 

groups, i.e. current-, past-, and never-users, and then compared. Results: The majority (54.7%) of the presented participants 

consumed at least one kind of supplements, 37.3% and 17.4% were current-and past-users, respectively. The current-, past-, 

and never-users were not different in age, medical diseases, education levels, reading frequency, and economic status. The 

majority of participants obtained the information of supplements from newspaper or magazine. The users primarily purchased 

the supplements from hospitals or clinics. All participants had knowledge on health promotion and supplement products, 

however, 7.6% and 11.5% of such knowledge, respectively, was inaccurate. All participants had both positive and negative 

attitudes on supplement consumption, the negative attitude was found in 33.4% of the items tested. The never-users had 

trivial but statistically significant (p < 0.001) more accurate knowledge and more negative attitude than other groups had. 

Conclusion: More than 50% of health-conscious pre-/post-menopausal Thai women are ever-users of nutritional 

supplements. A lot of misunderstanding and misconception do exist even in the health-conscious women, regardless of their 

consumption behaviors. More education on this issue should be provided in order to reduce unnecessary expenditure and 

increase the efficiency of supplement consumption expenditure. 

No.673 

Author (s) : Leewansangtong, S., Vorrakitkatorn, P., Amornvesukit, T., Taweemonkongsap, T., Nualyong, C., Sujijantararat, P. 

Title : Laparo-endoscopic single site (LESS) robotic radical prostatectomy in an Asian man with prostate cancer: An initial case report 



Keywords : Laparo-endoscopic single site surgery; Prostate neoplasm; Radical prostatectomy; Robotic surgery 

Abstract : Objective: To report the feasibility of laparo-endoscopic single site (LESS) robotic radical prostatectomy performed in Asian 

man. Material and Method: A 71 year-old man with adenocarcinoma of prostate presented at Faculty of Medicine Siriraj 

246


Hospital, Bangkok. Prostate-specific antigen level was 16.5 ng/ml and digital rectal examination approximately showed 30 

gram prostate with nodule in both lobes. No clinical metastasis was found. Leuprorelin acetate and 50 mg of bicalutamide 

were used for 3 months. The patient's body mass index was 22 and healthy. With the consent form signed, laparo-endoscopic 

single site (LESS) robotic radical prostatectomy was performed with the robot daVinci S system. Results: The total operative 

time was 335 minutes; docking time was 12 minutes; console time was 275 minutes. The estimate blood loss was 250 ml and 

no blood transfusion required. No intraoperative or post-operative complication was found. Jackson drain was removed within 

60 hours after surgery. The patient was discharged from the hospital within 84 hours after surgery. The urethral catheter was 

removed within 14 days after surgery Conclusion: Laparo-endoscopic single site (LESS) robotic radical prostatectomy is 

feasible to be performed. In the initial experience, patient selection is required. 

No.674 

Author (s) : Leeyaphan, C., Kulthanan, K., Jongjarearnprasert, K., Dhana, N. 

Title : Drug-induced angioedema without urticaria: Prevalence and clinical features 

Source : Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, Volume 24, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 685-691 


Keywords : Angioedema; Clinical features; Drug-induced; Prevalence 

Abstract : Background Angioedema without urticaria can be caused by drugs. The purpose of our study was to assess the prevalence 

and clinical features of patients with drug-induced angioedema without urticaria. Methods This study retrospectively reviewed 

case records at Siriraj Hospital, between January 2007 and December 2008. Patients aged at least 15 years were included. 

Results The prevalence of drug-induced angioedema without urticaria among patients with adverse drug reactions was 

2.3%/year. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) were the most common cause (50%), followed by antibiotics (20%). 

The commonest NSAID which induced angioedema were ibuprofen and diclofenac. The common sites were periorbital area 

(67.3%) and lips (27.6%). The median duration of suspected drug therapy before the development of angioedema was 1 day 

with the range of 10 min to 23 days. Conclusions Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics were the most 

common drugs causing angioedema without urticaria. The duration of onset ranged from minutes to days. After stopping the 

suspected drugs, symptoms disappeared within 2-5 days in most patients. © 2009 European Academy of Dermatology and 

Venereology. 

No.675 

Author (s) : Leimanis, M.L., Jaidee, A., Sriprawat, K., Kaewpongsri, S., Suwanarusk, R., Barends, M., Phyo, A.P., Russell, B., Renia, L., Nosten, F. 

Title : Plasmodium vivax susceptibility to ferroquine 

Source : Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Volume 54, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages 2228-2230 


Keywords : 4 aminoquinoline derivative, antimalarial agent, artesunate, chloroquine, ferroquine, mefloquine, piperaquine, ssr 

97193, unclassified drug; antibiotic sensitivity, antimalarial activity, article, drug efficacy, drug metabolism, drug sensitivity, IC 

50, malaria falciparum, minimum inhibitory concentration, nonhuman, parasite isolation, Plasmodium vivax malaria, priority 

journal, schizont, structure activity relation; Aminoquinolines, Antimalarials, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug 

Resistance, Bacterial, Ferrous Compounds, Humans, Malaria, Vivax, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Plasmodium vivax, Thailand 

Abstract : The novel organometallic chloroquine analog ferroquine (SSR 97193) is effective against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium 

falciparum. The ex vivo efficacy of ferroquine against Plasmodium vivax isolates was tested. Ferroquine has a potent ex vivo 

effect on P. vivax schizont maturation (median 50% inhibitory concentration, 15 nM; n = 42). No significant cross-sensitivity 

between ferroquine and other antimalarials was detected. This drug may be a suitable replacement for chloroquine in the 

treatment of drug-resistant P. vivax malaria. Copyright © 2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 

No.676 

Author (s) : Lek-Uthai, U., Sangsayan, J., Kachenchart, B., Kulpradit, K., Sujirarat, D., Honda, K. 

Title : Novel ellipsoid spatial analysis for determining malaria risk at the village level 

Source : Acta Tropica, Volume 116, Issue 1, October 2010, Pages 51-60 


Keywords : Ellipsoid distribution; Geographical information system (GIS); Malaria risk; Spatial analysis; Village level 

Abstract : The distribution patterns of malaria incidence at a village level in Thailand were demonstrated with the use of a geographical 

information system (GIS), and provided the study of the malaria situation at a household level. Mosaic imageries from aerial 

247


photographs were used to create maps that contained X and Y coordinates. These digitized base maps were kept as 

computerized files. Standard Distance Ellipse (SDE) was used to measure the prevalence of dispersion around the mean 

center of malaria cases and points. Households in the SDE were at greater risk of malaria infection than those located outside 

the SDE. The spatial pattern of malaria incidence was investigated using spatial autocorrelation using Geary's ratio and Moran's 

index. Five of seven villages had a clustered spatial distribution of malaria incidence, the vector point of which had a 2-3. km 

range from the patient's houses. Only one village had a significant clustered spatial distribution of malaria incidence (p


algorithm and 42-58% when genotype was added (P = 0.002). After several days of therapy, a pharmacogenetic algorithm 

estimates the therapeutic warfarin dose more accurately than one using clinical factors and INR response alone. 

No.680 

Author (s) : Leonardi, M.C., Garusi, C., Santoro, L., Dell'Acqua, V., Rossetto, F., Didier, F., Vischioni, B., De Lorenzi, F., Lohsiriwat, V., Yves 

Petit, J., Orecchia, R. 

Title : Impact of medical discipline and observer gender on cosmetic outcome evaluation in breast reconstruction using transverse 

rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap and radiotherapy 

Source : Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Volume 63, Issue 12, December 2010, Pages 2091-2097 


Keywords : Breast cancer; Cosmesis evaluation; Plastic reconstruction; Radiotherapy 

Abstract : Background: Despite the complication rate, the majority of studies report a satisfactory cosmetic outcome in patients 

undergoing transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap breast reconstruction both before and after radiotherapy 

(RT). The lack of a universal agreement on the use of a validated scale for cosmetic assessment in clinical practise leads to 

subjective criteria of evaluation and causes a great deal of interobserver variability. This study investigates whether there is 

any difference in the evaluation of cosmesis according to gender and specialisation of the observer. Methods: Fifty-two 

photographs of the patients who had undergone TRAM reconstruction for breast cancer, divided into three groups according 

to the treatment (TRAM only, TRAM→RT, RT→TRAM), were evaluated by 21 specialists, 10 male and 11 female from 

radiotherapy, breast surgery and plastic reconstructive surgery. Cosmetic outcome was classified using the four-category 

Harvard scale: a score of excellent/good was considered acceptable. Results: The overall rate of good/excellent ratings was 

66.6%, which was lower than the score reported in the literature. A significantly worse score was registered in the TRAM→RT 

group compared with the other groups. The probability for male physicians to award a positive judgement is 24% higher than 

that of female ones. In general, there is a decent agreement among the judgement raters. Conclusions: No statistically 

significant difference in cosmetic evaluation was noted overall between male physicians and female ones. However, within 

each specialisation, the difference between the two genders was great. Breast surgeons gave the worst opinion, and among 

them female surgeons judged most severely, whereas plastic surgeons gave the best opinion, and among them females 

provided the highest favourable judgement. © 2009 British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons. 

Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.681 

Author (s) : Leopairut, J., Larbcharoensub, N., Cheewaruangroj, W., Sungkanuparph, S., Sathapatayavongs, B. 

Title : Rhinofacial entomophthoramycosis; a case series and review of the literature 

Source : Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, Volume 41, Issue 4, July 2010, Pages 928-935 


Keywords : Conidiobolus spp; Entomophthoramycosis; Phycomycosis; Rhinofacial; Zygomycosis 

Abstract : Rhinofacial entomophthoramycosis is an uncommon chronic mycotic disease caused by exposure to the organism 

Conidiobolus coronatus. The authors report a case series of 5 patients with rhinofacial entomophthoramycosis and review the 

literature. All patients had typical involvement of the rhinofacial area with formation of subcutaneous lesions causing a 

chronic granulomatous inflammatory response with tissue eosinophilia and Splendore-Hoeppli reaction. Diagnoses were made 

based on histopathologic examination in all cases and fungi were isolated and identified in one case. The clinicopathologic 

features and therapeutic management of rhinofacial entomophthoramycosis are described. 

No.682 

Author (s) : Leowattana, W., Tangpukdee, N., Thar, S.K., Nakasiri, S., Srivilairit, S., Kano, S., Wilairatana, P., Krudsood, S. 

Title : Changes in platelet count in uncomplicated and severe falciparum Malaria 



Keywords : Platelet counts; Severe malaria; Thrombocytopenia; Uncomplicated malaria 

Abstract : This study investigated alterations in platelet counts pre- and post-treatment with artemisinin derivatives in uncomplicated 

and severe falciparum malaria. Serial platelet counts were taken over 4 weeks for 110 uncomplicated and 110 severe 

falciparum malaria patients admitted to the Hospital for Tropical Diseases during 2005-2008. On admission, prior to treatment, 

thrombocytopenia was found in 73.6% of uncomplicated falciparum malaria patients and 90.9% of severe falciparum malaria 

249


cases. Platelet levels significantly lower in severe malaria cases. Although initial platelet counts were lower than normal in 

both study groups, they slowly increased significantly over time, and approached normal levels by several weeks posttreatment. 

No bleeding was evident during treatment, and none of the patients required a platelet transfusion. Platelet 

transfusions are not required for malaria patients with thrombocytopenia who have no bleeding. 

No.683 

Author (s) : Lerdkiattikorn, P.; Chaikledkaew, U.; Kingkaew, P.; Teerawattananon, Y. 

Title : A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY FOR STAGE III COLON CANCER 





No.684 

Author (s) : Lertkiatmongkol, P., Pethuan, S., Jirakanjanakit, N., Rongnoparut, P. 

Title : Transcription analysis of differentially expressed genes in insecticide-resistant Aedes aegypti mosquitoes after deltamethrin 

exposure 

Source : Journal of Vector Ecology, Volume 35, Issue 1, June 2010, Pages 197-203 


Keywords : Aedes aegypti; Deltamethrin; Insecticide resistance; Suppression subtractive hybridization; Tomosyn 

Abstract : Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are resistant to various insecticides, including pyrethroids, throughout Thailand. We previously 

reported that Ae. aegypti from Mae Wong district, Nakhon Sawan Province in north-central Thailand, were resistant to 

insecticides, including pyrethroids (deltamethrin and permethrin), organophosphates and carbamates, and that high levels of 

detoxification enzymes were present. In the present study we used the method of suppression by subtractive hybridization to 

determine differential expression of genes in Mae Wong Ae. aegypti that survived the exposure to increasing doses (∼ 1.5 - 2 

× 10-5M) of deltamethrin beyond the diagnostic dose compared to unexposed mosquitoes. Screening of 350 cDNA clones 

from the suppression subtractive library by cDNA array hybridization revealed that 58 clones were over-expressed in the 

mosquito that survived high dose deltamethrin. The over-expressed cDNA insert sequences corresponded to 11 functional 

genes, five hypothetical protein genes, and five sequences of unknown function that could be located on the supercontig of 

the Ae. aegypti genome. The functional genes are those coding for cuticular proteins, muscle proteins, proteins related to 

controlling the release of synaptic vesicles, and other genes such as heat shock protein and small subunit ribosomal RNA. 

Over-expression of tomosyn and myosin light chain kinase genes was verified using a semiquantitative reverse transcriptionpolymerase 

chain reaction (RT-PCR), confirming their increased expression in response to deltamethrin exposure in insecticideresistant 

Ae. aegypti. 

No.685 

Author (s) : Lertmanorat, Z.; Durand, D.M. 

Title : Integrated Multiplexer for Nerve Electrodes 

Source : Electronic Design, Test and Application, 2010. DELTA '10. Fifth IEEE International Symposium on Issue Date: 13-15 Jan. 2010 On 

page(s): 237 - 237 


Keywords : Flat interface nerve electrode (FINE), functional electrical stimulation (FES), neural prostheses, selective stimulation. 

Abstract : Multiple contact nerve cuff electrodes require many leads, making their implantation difficult and potentially damaging to the 

nerve. Therefore the design of circuits capable of reducing the number of wires is crucial to the development of a device that 

can be implanted in patients. The flat interface nerve electrode (FINE) was developed to allow selective recording and 

selective stimulation capabilities. We report here the design of multiplexers embedded within the cuff electrode that can 

reduce the number of leads needed to control thirty two channels. The electrode design includes thirty-two contacts in a 

1mmx8mm opening. Each contact size is 300μm x400μm with access resistance less than 1kW. The control circuit was 

implemented on a polyimide film using offthe- shelf surface mounted electronic components. The electronic module was 

mounted directly onto the electrode’s flat substrate. Two control circuit implementations for the control of the thirty two 

channels were designed, built and tested; 1) a single supply design with only two wires but limited to cathodic-first pulse and 

2) a dual-supply design requiring three lead wires but an arbitrary stimulation waveform. These circuit designs allow a 

250


significant reduction of the number of leads required for the control of the electrode. However, the hermetic sealing of the 

devices has not yet been implemented. (Funding was provided the National Institutes of Health, grant number 

5R01NS032845-14.) 

No.686 

Author (s) : Lertsukprasert, K., Kasemkosin, N., Cheewareungroj, W., Kasemsuwan, L. 

Title : Listening and speaking ability of Thai deaf children in preschool aural rehabilitation program 



Keywords : Hearing-impaired children; Listening and speaking ability; Preschool aural rehabilitation program 

Abstract : Background: An auditory-oral approach can help deaf children achieve success in oral communication. Many studies confirm 

that deaf children with access to sound through high-powered and appropriate hearing aids at the youngest age possible have 

the capability to acquire communication skills similar to their hearing peers. Objective: Evaluate the listening and speaking 

progress made by 27 Thai hearing-impaired children who attended a preschool aural rehabilitation program, which was 

established at Audiology and Speech clinic. After hearing aids fitting, deaf children were enrolled to the preschool aural 

rehabilitation program after receiving their parents consent. Material and Method: Hearing impaired children were divided into 

groups of 4-6 children with approximately the same level of performance. The listening and speaking performance at the 

initial period were recorded. Each group participated in the 3-hour-program once a week, included auditory training, 

conversation (maternal reflexive method), and speech stimulation. The improvements and problems of each child were 

recorded at the end of session. Listening and speaking performance evaluation were recorded at six months intervals. Results: 

There were 12 boys and 15 girls. The average hearing loss in the better ear was 104 dBHL, range from 83-117 dBHL, SD = 8.33. 

The mean age of enrollment was 2 years and 10 months. The majority gradually developed listening skills and speaking 

ability. There was no relationship between age of enrollment and the listening and speaking ability (p > 0.05). However, 

listening skills had positive relationship with length of speech (r = 0.685), number of spoken vocabulary (r = 0.665), and 

speech character (r = 0.598); p < 0.01. Conclusion: Auditory training is an important task to develop listening skills and 

improve length of speech, speaking vocabulary, and speech character. Other benefits from the aural rehabilitation program 

included monitoring the auditory progression after hearing aid fitting, parents meeting, and promotion a better quality of life 

by enabling hearing impaired children to participate in hearing society. 

No.687 

Author (s) : Lertwanich, P., Martins, C.A.Q., Kato, Y., Ingham, S.J.M., Kramer, S., Linde-Rosen, M., Smolinski, P., Fu, F.H. 

Title : Contribution of the meniscofemoral ligament as a restraint to the posterior tibial translation in a porcine knee 

Source : Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, Volume 18, Issue 9, 2010, Pages 1277-1281 


Keywords : Biomechanics; In situ force; Meniscofemoral ligament; Pig; Porcine; Posterior cruciate ligament 

Abstract : The meniscofemoral ligament (MFL) is a major structure in the posterior aspect of the porcine knee together with the 

posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). While the porcine knee is a frequently used animal model for biomechanical evaluation of 

PCL reconstruction techniques, the contribution of the MFL to stability of the porcine knee is not well understood. The 

purpose of this study is (1) to evaluate the kinematics of the knee after sequential cutting of the PCL and MFL and (2) to 

determine the in situ forces of the PCL and MFL in response to a posterior tibial load of 89 N using the robotic/universal 

force-moment sensor system from 15° to 90° of knee flexion. Ten porcine knees were used in this study. The magnitude of 

posterior tibial translation under a posterior tibial load was significantly increased (P < 0.01) after sequential transection of the 

PCL and the MFL at each testing angle compared to the intact condition. The in situ force of the PCL was highest at 60° of 

flexion (82.3 ± 8.6 N) and lowest at 15° of flexion (45.1 ± 15.9 N). The in situ force of the MFL was highest at 15° of flexion 

(24.3 ± 6.5 N) and lowest at 90° of flexion (12.9 ± 10.5 N). The findings in this study revealed a biomechanical contribution of 

the MFL as the secondary restraint to the posterior tibial translation in conjunction with the PCL especially near full 

extension. © 2010 Springer-Verlag. 

No.688 

Author (s) : Letson, G.W., Singhasivanon, P., Fernandez, E., Abeysinghe, N., Amador, J.J., Margolis, H.S., Edelman, R. 

Title : Dengue vaccine trial guidelines and role of large-scale, post proof-of-concept demonstration projects in bringing a dengue 

vaccine to use in dengue endemic areas 

251


Source : Human Vaccines, Volume 6, Issue 10, October 2010, Pages 802-809 


Keywords : Clinical trial phases; Demonstration project; Dengue vaccine; Effectiveness; Efficacy; Proof of concept 

Abstract : In this review, we consider the issues impacting conduct and design of dengue vaccine trials with reference to the recently 

published World Health Organization "Guidelines for Conduct of Clinical Trials of Dengue Vaccines in Endemic Areas." We 

discuss logistic, scientific and ethical challenges concerning evaluation and introduction of dengue vaccines; these range from 

randomized trials that establish "proof of concept" of vaccine efficacy, to post-"proof of concept" trials, particularly 

demonstration projects likely to be required for licensure or for the introduction of an already licensed vaccine into public 

use. We clarify and define the meaning of "proof of concept" in the clinical trial context and the meaning of terms "phase 2b", 

"phase 3b" and "demonstration project", which are commonly used but have not been defined well in the clinical literature. 

© 2010 Landes Bioscience. 

No.689 

Author (s) : Leungwattanakij, S., Watanachote, D., Noppakulsatit, P., Petchpaibuol, T., Choeypunt, N., Tongbai, T., Wanamkang, T., 

Lojanapiwat, B., Permpongkosol, S., Tantiwong, A., Pripatnanont, C., Akarasakul, D., Kongwiwatanakul, S., Chotikawanich, E. 

Title : Sexuality and Management of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia with Alfuzosin: SAMBA Thailand 

Source : Journal of Sexual Medicine, Volume 7, Issue 9, September 2010, Pages 3115-3126 


Keywords : Alpha-blocker; Benign prostatic hyperplasia; Ejaculation; Lower urinary tract symptoms; LUTS 

Abstract : Introduction: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition among elderly men. The aim of therapy is to improve 

lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and quality of life (QoL) and to prevent complications. Aim: The primary objective was 

to assess the effect on ejaculatory dysfunction (EjD) of 6 months treatment with alfuzosin (XATRAL) 10 mg once daily (OD) in 

men with LUTS suggestive of BPH in Thailand. Secondary objectives were to evaluate the efficacy of alfuzosin on LUTS, 

bother score (International Prostate Symptom Score [IPSS] 8th question), erectile dysfunction (ED), onset of action, and 

tolerability. Methods: Overall, 99 men with moderate to severe LUTS suggestive of BPH (mean IPSS 18.9, bother score 4.3) 

were enrolled in an open-label study. Sexual function was evaluated at baseline and after 6 months treatment, using the 

International Index of Erectile Function-5 and the Male Sexual Health Questionnaire (MSHQ) ejaculation score, a new 

validated questionnaire assessing seven EjD symptoms. Main Outcome Measure: The main outcome measure is mean change 

from baseline to the end of treatment in the MSHQ Ejaculation score. Results: MHSQ ejaculation score significantly improved 

from 23.09 at baseline to 21.54 at 6 months (P = 0.022). Overall, 70% of patients perceived an improvement in LUTS within 1 

week (36.3% within 3 days). IPSS total score significantly improved from 18.93 at baseline to 9.59 at 6 months (P < 0.001). IPSS 

voiding and irritative subscores also significantly improved. The percentage of patients with moderate or severe ED decreased 

from 35.3% at baseline to 21.8% at 6 months. Most adverse events were dizziness (3%) and orthostatic hypotension (1%) 

with minor intensity. No significant change in blood pressure and heart rate was observed. Conclusions: Alfuzosin 10 mg OD 

administered for 6 months provides a marked and rapid (within 1 week) improvement in LUTS and bother score while 

improving both ED and EjD. © 2010 International Society for Sexual Medicine. 

No.690 

Author (s) : Lévesque, C.A., Brouwer, H., Cano, L., Hamilton, J.P., Holt, C., Huitema, E., Raffaele, S., Robideau, G.P., Thines, M., Win, J., 

Zerillo, M.M., Beakes, G.W., Boore, J.L., Busam, D., Dumas, B., Ferriera, S., Fuerstenberg, S.I., Gachon, C.M.M., Gaulin, E., Govers, 

F., Grenville-Briggs, L., Horner, N., Hostetler, J., Jiang, R.H.Y., Johnson, J., Krajaejun, T., Lin, H., Meijer, H.J.G., Moore, B., Morris, P., 

Phuntmart, V., Puiu, D., Shetty, J., Stajich, J.E., Tripathy, S., Wawra, S., van West, P., Whitty, B.R., Coutinho, P.M., Henrissat, B., 

Martin, F., Thomas, P.D., Tyler, B.M., De Vries, R.P., Kamoun, S., Yandell, M., Tisserat, N., Buell, C.R. 

Title : Genome sequence of the necrotrophic plant pathogen Pythium ultimum reveals original pathogenicity mechanisms and 

effector repertoire 

Source : Genome Biology, Volume 11, Issue 7, 13 July 2010, Article number R73 


Keywords : cadherin, cutinase, antifungal agent, protein; abiotic stress, article, carbohydrate metabolism, controlled study, Crinkler 

gene, enzyme activity, fungal gene, gene expression, gene function, gene sequence, nonhuman, nucleotide sequence, plant 

pathogen interaction, protein degradation, proteomics, Pythium, pythium ultimum, sequence homology, species 

comparison, synteny, virulence, DNA sequence, drug effect, gene order, gene 

rearrangement, genetics, genome, genomics, growth, development and aging, host pathogen 

252


interaction, human, microbiology, mitochondrial genome, multigene family, nucleotide 

repeat, pathogenicity, phylogeny, plant, secretion, sequence alignment; 

Oomycetes, Peronosporaceae, Phytophthora, Phytophthora infestans, Pythium, Pythium ultimum, Solanum tuberosum; 

Antifungal Agents, Base Sequence, Cadherins, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Gene Order, Gene 

Rearrangement, Genome, Genome, Mitochondrial, Genomics, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Humans, Multigene 

Family, Phylogeny, Plants, Proteins, Pythium, Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Sequence Alignment, Sequence Analysis, 

DNA, Synteny 

Abstract : Background: Pythium ultimum is a ubiquitous oomycete plant pathogen responsible for a variety of diseases on a broad range 

of crop and ornamental species.Results: The P. ultimum genome (42.8 Mb) encodes 15,290 genes and has extensive 

sequence similarity and synteny with related Phytophthora species, including the potato blight pathogen Phytophthora 

infestans. Whole transcriptome sequencing revealed expression of 86% of genes, with detectable differential expression of 

suites of genes under abiotic stress and in the presence of a host. The predicted proteome includes a large repertoire of 

proteins involved in plant pathogen interactions, although, surprisingly, the P. ultimum genome does not encode any classical 

RXLR effectors and relatively few Crinkler genes in comparison to related phytopathogenic oomycetes. A lower number of 

enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism were present compared to Phytophthora species, with the notable absence of 

cutinases, suggesting a significant difference in virulence mechanisms between P. ultimum and more host-specific oomycete 

species. Although we observed a high degree of orthology with Phytophthora genomes, there were novel features of the P. 

ultimum proteome, including an expansion of genes involved in proteolysis and genes unique to Pythium. We identified a 

small gene family of cadherins, proteins involved in cell adhesion, the first report of these in a genome outside the 

metazoans.Conclusions: Access to the P. ultimum genome has revealed not only core pathogenic mechanisms within the 

oomycetes but also lineage-specific genes associated with the alternative virulence and lifestyles found within the 

pythiaceous lineages compared to the Peronosporaceae. © 2010 Lévesque et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.691 

Author (s) : Li, A., Russell, B., Renia, L., Lek-Uthai, U., Nosten, F., Lim, C.T. 

Title : High density of 'spiky' excrescences covering the surface of an erythrocyte infected with Plasmodium malariae 

Source : British Journal of Haematology, Volume 151, Issue 1, October 2010, Page 1 


Keywords : article, atomic force microscopy, cell size, cell structure, endothelium cell, erythrocyte, Plasmodium malariae 

infection, polymerase chain reaction, priority journal; Erythrocyte Membrane, Erythrocytes, Humans, Malaria, Microscopy, 

Atomic Force, Plasmodium malariae 


No.692 

Author (s) : Li, L., Borland, R., Yong, H., Fong, G.T., Bansal-travers, M., Quah, A.C.K., Sirirassamee, B., Omar, M., Zanna, M.P., Fotuhi, O. 

Title : Predictors of smoking cessation among adult smokers in Malaysia and Thailand: Findings from the International Tobacco 

Control Southeast Asia survey 

Source : Nicotine and Tobacco Research, Volume 12, Issue SUPPL. 1, October 2010, Pages S34-S44 


Keywords : abstinence, adult, article, demography, female, health survey, human, major clinical study, Malaysia, male, multivariate 

analysis, predictor variable, priority journal, self concept, smoking cessation, Thailand, tobacco; Adult, Aged, Attitude to 

Health, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Malaysia, Male, Middle Aged, Motivation, Multivariate 

Analysis, Prevalence, Recurrence, Self Efficacy, Smoking, Smoking Cessation, Socioeconomic Factors, Thailand, Tobacco Use 

Disorder, Young Adult 

Abstract : Introduction: Limited longitudinal studies on smoking cessation have been reported in Asia, and it remains unclear whether 

determinants of quitting are similar to those found in Western countries. This study examined prospective predictors of 

smoking cessation among adult smokers in Thailand and Malaysia. Methods: Four thousand and four smokers were surveyed 

in Malaysia and Thailand in 2005. Of these, 2,426 smokers were followed up in 2006 (61% retention). Baseline measures of 

sociodemographics, dependence, and interest in quitting were used to predict both making quit attempts and point 

prevalence maintenance of cessation. Results: More Thai than Malaysian smokers reported having made quit attempts 

between waves, but among those who tried, the rates of staying quit were not considerably different between Malaysians 

and Thais. Multivariate analyses showed that smoking fewer cigarettes per day, higher levels of self-efficacy, and more 

253


immediate quitting intentions were predictive of both making a quit attempt and staying quit in both countries. Previous 

shorter quit attempts and higher health concerns about smoking were only predictive of making an attempt, whereas prior 

abstinence for 6 months or more and older age were associated with maintenance. Discussion: In Malaysia and Thailand, 

predictors of quitting activity appear to be similar. However, as in the West, predictors of making quit attempts are not all the 

same as those who predict maintenance. The actual predictors differ in potentially important ways from those found in the 

West. We need to determine the relative contributions of cultural factors and the shorter history of efforts to encourage 

quitting in Asia. © The Author 2010. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine 

and Tobacco. All rights reserved. 

No.693 

Author (s) : Li, X., Breukers, C., Ymeti, A., Pattanapanyasat, K., Sukapirom, K., Terstappen, L.W.M.M., Greve, J. 

Title : Clinical evaluation of a simple image cytometer for CD4 enumeration on hiv-infected patients 

Source : Cytometry Part B - Clinical Cytometry, Volume 78, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 31-36 


Keywords : AIDS; CD4; CD8; Image cytometry 

Abstract : Background: Affordable, easy-to-use, and reliable CD4+ T lymphocyte enumeration systems are needed in resourceconstrained 

settings to monitor HIV. Methods: A simple image cytometer was used to count fluorescently labeled CD4+ T and 

CD8+ T lymphocytes from CD3 immunomagnetically selected cells on blood specimens of 460 HIV-1-infected patients in 

Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. Results were compared with flow cytometry (FCM). Results: CD4+ T lymphocyte counts by 

image cytometer were comparable (R ≥ 0.97) with those by the FACSCount and the FACScan with a bias of 7.3 and 9.1%, 

respectively. At very low CD4+ T lymphocyte counts (≤50/μl) some over-count outliers were observed by the FACScan and 

image cytometer when compared with the FACSCount. For CD8 enumeration, the image cytometer showed a good 

correlation (R 5 0.96) and a consistent undercount (-17%) when compared with the FACSCount. Conclusions: Evaluation of 

the image cytometer for CD4 and CD8 enumeration demonstrated comparable results with FCM on a population of HIV-1infected 

patients. The image cytometer is a good alternative method for point-of-care settings in resource-constrained 

countries. © 2009 Clinical Cytometry Society. 

No.694 

Author (s) : Liao, J.-C., Fan, K.-F., Keorochana, G., Chen, W.-J., Chen, L.-H. 

Title : Transpedicular grafting after short-segment pedicle instrumentation for thoracolumbar burst fracture: Calcium sulfate cement 

versus autogenous iliac bone graft 

Source : Spine, Volume 35, Issue 15, 1 July 2010, Pages 1482-1488 


Keywords : Autogenous iliac bone graft; Calcium sulfate cement; Thoracolumbar burst fracture 

Abstract : Study Design. A retrospective clinical and radiographic study was performed. Objective. To compare 2 grafting materials of 

anterior augmentation for thoracolumbar burst fractures: transpedicular cancellous bone (TPCB) grafting and transpedicular 

calcium sulfate grafting and to decide whether calcium sulfate cement can replace autogenous cancellous bone applied in 

anterior vertebral body augmentation after posterior short-segment instrumentation. Summary of Background Data. Additional 

TPCB grafting was developed as an alternative to prevent early implant failure. However, the results are inconsistent and 

donor-site complications are a major concern. Calcium sulfate has been offered as a bone substitute for treating patients with 

metaphysis fractures or bone defect, but the results of application in spinal surgeries are uncertain. Methods. Fifty-one 

patients with a single-level thoracolumbar burst fracture for treatment with short-segment pedicle screw fixation were 

enrolled in the study. Fractures in group 1 patients were reinforced with TPCB (n = 31), and fractures in group 2 patients were 

augmented with transpedicular calcium sulfate cement (TPCSC; n = 20). All patients were followed-up at least 2 years after 

surgery. Radiographic parameters and clinical outcomes were compared between the 2 groups. Results. The 2 groups were 

similar in age, sex, fracture levels, preoperative neurologic status distribution, and the associated injuries. The TPCB group had 

a longer period of follow-up (52.7 ± 4.9 vs. 28.6 ± 3.5 months, P < 0.001). Blood loss and operation time were less in the 

TPCSC group (247.5 ± 164.2 vs. 600.0 ± 403.1 mL, P = 0.001 and 161.7 ± 28.5 vs. 227.2 ± 43.6 minutes, P < 0.001). 

Radiographic parameters and clinical outcomes were similar in both groups. The TPCSC group had no surgical complication, 

but the TPCB group revealed 2 cases with wound infection after surgery. The failure rate, defined as an increase of 10° or 

more in loss of correction or implant failure, was also not significantly different (TPCB = 9.6% and TPCSC = 15%; P = 0.565). 

All patients with partial neurologic deficits initially improved at the final follow-up. Conclusion. Additional TPCB grafting after 

254


posterior short-segment instrumentation remains a reliable surgical method for correcting and maintaining sagittal alignment 

and vertebral body height in thoracolumbar burst fractures. Calcium sulfate cement also proved to be an effective bone 

substitute used in spinal surgeries for patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures. © 2010, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 

No.695 

Author (s) : Liaw, Y. F.; Raptopoulou-Gigi, M.; Cheinquer, H.; Sarin, S. K.; Tanwandee, T.; Leung, N.; Myers, R. P.; Brown, R. S., Jr.; Bialkowska, 

J.; Munafo, L.; Chen, Y. C.; Tang, S.; Cooney, E.; Dharane, P.; Newman, J. 

Title : Efficacy and safety of entecavir (ETV) vs. adefovir (ADV) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with evidence of hepatic 

decompensation: ETV-048 study 

Source : JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY, Volume: 25, Supplement: 3, Pages: A125-A125, Published: OCT 2010 




No.696 

Author (s) : Liaw, Y. -F.; Raptopoulou-Gigi, M.; Cheinquer, H.; Sarin, S. K.; Tanwandee, T.; Leung, N.; Peng, C. -Y.; Myers, R. P.; Brown, R. S., 

Jr.; Tsai, N.; Bialkowska, J.; Tang, S.; Cooney, E. 

Title : RISK AND PREDICTORS OF MORTALITY OR HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA AMONG ENTECAVIR- OR ADEFOVIR-TREATED CHRONIC 

HEPATITIS B PATIENTS WITH EVIDENCE OF HEPATIC DECOMPENSATION 

Source : JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY, Volume: 52, Supplement: 1, Pages: S390-S391, Published: 2010 




No.697 

Author (s) : Liewluck, T. 

Title : Immune-mediated rippling muscle disease: Another inflammatory myopathy in myasthenia gravis 

Source : Archives of Neurology, Volume 67, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 896-897 


Keywords : caveolin 3, CD4 antigen, CD8 antigen; autoimmune disease, CD4+ T lymphocyte, CD8+ T lymphocyte, disease 

severity, human, immune mediated rippling muscle 

disease, immunohistochemistry, immunoreactivity, inflammation, letter, muscle biopsy, muscle necrosis, muscle 

stiffness, myalgia, myasthenia gravis, myositis, priority journal, symptom; Caveolin 3, Humans, Muscle, Skeletal, Myasthenia 

Gravis, Myositis 


No.698 

Author (s) : Liewrian, W., Hoonsawat, R., Tang, I.-M. 

Title : Spin switching effects in a ferromagnetic graphene junction having a second gate 

Source : Physica E: Low-Dimensional Systems and Nanostructures, Volume 42, Issue 5, March 2010, Pages 1287-1292 


Keywords : Dirac equation; Ferromagnetic barrier; Graphene; Magnetic tunnel junction 

Abstract : The effects of the bias voltage placed on a second gate which is positioned to the left of the ferromagnetic graphene (FG) 

layer on the switching of the charge and spin transports in a ferromagnetic graphene junction are studied. We show that the 

change in the bias voltage from positive to negative (while maintaining the positive voltage on the first gate above the FG 

layer) can induce a switching from high to low conductance states in the junction. The voltage on the first gate is used to 

shift the Fermi level in the FG layer. Enhancement of the on/off conductance ratio on the switching is shown to be inversely 

proportional to the thickness of the second gate barrier. We show that by biasing the nanostructures with the voltage U2, the 

spin polarization can be increased and that as a consequence, the thickness of the FG barrier layer needed for spin-polarized 

transport can be reduced. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

255


No.699 

Author (s) : Likidlilid, A., Akrawinthawong, K., Poldee, S., Sriratanasathavorn, C. 

Title : Paraoxonase 1 polymorphisms as the risk factor of coronary heart disease in a Thai population 

Source : Acta Cardiologica, Volume 65, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 681-691 


Keywords : Atherosclerosis; Coronary heart disease; Paraoxonase 1; Polymorphism 

Abstract : Objective - Two common polymorphisms of the paraoxonase (PON1) gene, L55M and Q192R, were proven to mitigate 

atherosclerosis pathogenesis by protecting lipoproteins against peroxidation. This study was to evaluate the associations 

between both PON1 gene polymorphisms in Thai hyper-lipidaemia with and without coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods - 

Both PON1 genotypes were determined using PCR-RFLP in 103 healthy control subjects, 103 primary hyperlipidaemia without 

history of such diseases and 106 angiographically documented CHD patients. Results - The frequencies of PON1 192R allele 

and 192RR genotype were significantly higher in CHD patients than in normal control subjects (P = 0.009 and 0.037, 

respectively). The significantly higher frequencies of 55M allele and 55LM genotype were also observed in CHD patients (P = 

0.037 and P = 0.034, respectively). The frequencies of both PON1 polymorphisms were not different in primary 

hyperlipidaemia as compared to the normal control subjects. The odds ratio (OR) of 192RR genotype and 192R allele for CHD 

were 2.84 (1.17-6.99, P = 0.011) and 1.70 (1.11-2.61, P = 0.009), respectively. The age-adjusted OR for CHD was 2.72 (1.25-5.94, 

P = 0.012). These frequencies of both PON1 alleles were similar to those seen in other Asian populations. Conclusions - The 

association between PON1 polymorphisms and CHD risk was demonstrated in a Thai population.These new data underscore 

the essence of ethnic variations in the interpretation of CHD associated with PON1 polymorphism. 

No.700 

Author (s) : Likidlilid, A., Patchanans, N., Peerapatdit, T., Sriratanasathavorn, C. 

Title : Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in erythrocytes of type 2 diabetic patients 



Keywords : Antioxidant; Coronary heart disease; Lipid peroxidation; Oxidative stress; Type 2 diabetes 

Abstract : Background and Objective: Although diabetes mellitus (DM) patients are claimed to be under oxidative stress because of 

prolonged exposure to hyperglycemia, the influence of glycemic control and cardiovascular complication in diabetes on 

oxidative stress parameters has not been fully studied. The present study aimed to investigate lipid peroxidation end product 

(malondialdehyde, MDA) and antioxidant enzymes in fairly controlled type 2 DM (fasting plasma glucose [FPG] ≤ 180 mg/ dl) 

or type 2 DM complicated with coronary heart disease (CHD) and poorly controlled type 2 DM (FPG > 180 mg/dl) in 

comparison to a normal healthy group (FPG < 110 mg/dl). Material and Method: MDA and antioxidant enzymes such as 

superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) were determined in the red cell of 19 subjects 

with poorly controlled type 2 DM, 26 subjects with fairly controlled type 2 DM and 20 subjects with type 2 DM complicated 

with CHD who were matched for age and gender. Twenty healthy subjects with normal plasma glucose level and matched 

for age and gender were served as a control group. In all groups of DM these oxidative stress parameters were compared to a 

control group by one-way ANOVA test. Pearson rank correlation coefficient was used to compare the relationship between 

FPG and oxidative stress status in type 2 DM and normal controls. Results: The red cell MDA levels were significantly higher in 

all types of diabetes compared to age-matched normal controls. The mean of red cell MDA level was highest in type 2 DM 

complicated with CHD. Red cell antioxidant enzyme activities were also significantly increased except for SOD and GPx 

activities in fairly controlled type 2 DM. The significant positive correlation between oxidative stress status (as MDA and CAT) 

and FPG was found in poorly controlled type 2 DM and type 2 DM complicated with CHD whereas in fairly controlled type 2 

DM the significant positive correlation between CAT and FPG was only observed. Conclusion: These findings strongly 

confirmed the evidence that diabetic patients were susceptible to oxidative stress and higher blood glucose level had an 

association with free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation. The highest level of MDA in type 2 DM complicated with CHD 

suggested that oxidative stress played an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular complication. The results also 

showed the increase in antioxidant enzymes. These could probably be due to adaptive response to pro-oxidant in diabetic 

state. Hence, there seems to be imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant systems in type 2 diabetic patients. 

No.701 

Author (s) : Likidlilid, A.; Peerapatdit, T.; Hobang, N.; Tresukosol, D.; Ratanamaneechat, S. 

256


Title : THE A148G POLYMORPHISM IN THE PARAOXONASE-2 GENE INCREASES THE RISK OF TYPE 2 DIABETIC MELLITUS AND 

CORONARY HEART DISEASE 

Source : ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPPLEMENTS, Volume: 11, Issue: 2, Pages: 199-199, Meeting Abstract: MS442, Published: JUN 10 2010 




No.702 

Author (s) : Likitsuntonwong, W.; Ampawong, S. 

Title : The Effects of Using Tramadol Hydrochloride as Preoperative Analgesia on the Anesthetic Impact of Tiletamine/Zolazepam in 

Sprague-Dawley Rat 

Source : JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE, Volume: 49, Issue: 5, Pages: 748-748, 

Published: SEP 2010 




No.703 

Author (s) : Limmathurotsakul, D., Jamsen, K., Arayawichanont, A., Simpson, J.A., White, L.J., Lee, S.J., Wuthiekanun, V., Chantratita, N., 

Cheng, A., Day, N.P.J., Verzilli, C., Peacock, S.J. 

Title : Defining the true sensitivity of culture for the diagnosis of melioidosis using Bayesian latent class models 

Source : PLoS ONE, 5 (8), art. no. e12485, . 


Keywords : antiinfective agent; adult, aged, article, bacterium culture, Bayes theorem, controlled study, culture technique, diabetes 

mellitus, diagnostic accuracy, diagnostic value, echography, female, human, major clinical study, male, melioidosis, sensitivity 

and specificity, serology, treatment response, factual database, methodology, microbiology, middle 

aged, reproducibility, standard; Bacteria (microorganisms), Negibacteria, Nucleopolyhedrovirus; Adult, Aged, Bayes 

Theorem, Culture Techniques, Databases, Factual, Female, Humans, Male, Melioidosis, Middle Aged, Reference 

Standards, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity 

Abstract : Background: Culture remains the diagnostic gold standard for many bacterial infections, and the method against which other 

tests are often evaluated. Specificity of culture is 100% if the pathogenic organism is not found in healthy subjects, but the 

sensitivity of culture is more difficult to determine and may be low. Here, we apply Bayesian latent class models (LCMs) to 

data from patients with a single Gram-negative bacterial infection and define the true sensitivity of culture together with the 

impact of misclassification by culture on the reported accuracy of alternative diagnostic tests. Methods/Principal Findings: 

Data from published studies describing the application of five diagnostic tests (culture and four serological tests) to a patient 

cohort with suspected melioidosis were re-analysed using several Bayesian LCMs. Sensitivities, specificities, and positive and 

negative predictive values (PPVs and NPVs) were calculated. Of 320 patients with suspected melioidosis, 119 (37%) had 

culture confirmed melioidosis. Using the final model (Bayesian LCM with conditional dependence between serological tests), 

the sensitivity of culture was estimated to be 60.2%. Prediction accuracy of the final model was assessed using a classification 

tool to grade patients according to the likelihood of melioidosis, which indicated that an estimated disease prevalence of 

61.6% was credible. Estimates of sensitivities, specificities, PPVs and NPVs of four serological tests were significantly different 

from previously published values in which culture was used as the gold standard. Conclusions/Significance: Culture has low 

sensitivity and low NPV for the diagnosis of melioidosis and is an imperfect gold standard against which to evaluate 

alternative tests. Models should be used to support the evaluation of diagnostic tests with an imperfect gold standard. It is 

likely that the poor sensitivity/specificity of culture is not specific for melioidosis, but rather a generic problem for many 

bacterial and fungal infections. © 2010 Limmathurotsakul et al. 

No.704 

Author (s) : Limmathurotsakul, D., Wongratanacheewin, S., Teerawattanasook, N., Wongsuvan, G., Chaisuksant, S., Chetchotisakd, P., 

Chaowagul, W., Day, N.P.J., Peacock, S.J. 

Title : Increasing incidence of human melioidosis in northeast Thailand 

Source : American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 82 (6), pp. 1113-1117. 

257



Keywords : adult, article, bacterium culture, Burkholderia infection, cause of death, cohort analysis, diabetes 

mellitus, female, human, incidence, major clinical study, male, melioidosis, prospective study, risk factor, sex 

difference, Thailand; Age Distribution, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Humans, Incidence, Male, Melioidosis, Middle Aged, Risk 

Factors, Thailand; Bacteria (microorganisms), Burkholderia pseudomallei, Human immunodeficiency virus, Negibacteria 

Abstract : Melioidosis is a serious community-acquired infectious disease caused by the Gram-negative environmental bacterium 

Burkholderia pseudomallei. A prospective cohort study identified 2,243 patients admitted to Sappasithiprasong Hospital in 

northeast Thailand with culture-confirmed melioidosis between 1997 and 2006. These data were used to calculate an 

average incidence rate for the province of 12.7 cases of melioidosis per 100,000 people per year. Incidence increased 

incrementally from 8.0 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 7.2-10.0) in 2000 to 21.3 (95% CI = 19.2-23.6) in 2006 (P < 0.001; χ2 

test for trend). Male sex, age ≥ 45 years, and either known or undiagnosed diabetes were independent risk factors for 

melioidosis. The average mortality rate from melioidosis over the study period was 42.6%. The minimum estimated 

population mortality rate from melioidosis in 2006 was 8.63 per 100,000 people (95% CI = 7.33-10.11), the third most 

common cause of death from infectious diseases in northeast Thailand after human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired 

immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and tuberculosis. Copyright © 2010 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and 

Hygiene. 

No.705 

Author (s) : Limmathurotsakul, D., Wuthiekanun, V., Chantratita, N., Wongsuvan, G., Amornchai, P., Day, N.P.J., Peacock, S.J. 

Title : Burkholderia pseudomallei is spatially distributed in soil in Northeast Thailand 



Keywords : accuracy, agricultural land, article, bacterial count, bacterium culture, Burkholderia pseudomallei, controlled 

study, geographic distribution, mathematical model, nonhuman, quantitative analysis, sampling, soil analysis, soil 

microflora, species distribution, surface soil, Thailand, Burkholderia, demography, geography, isolation and 

purification, microbiology, normal distribution; Burkholderia, Colony Count, Microbial, Demography, Geography, Normal 

Distribution, Soil Microbiology, Thailand 

Abstract : Background: Melioidosis is a frequently fatal infectious disease caused by the soil dwelling Gram-negative bacterium 

Burkholderia pseudomallei. Environmental sampling is important to identify geographical distribution of the organism and 

related risk of infection to humans and livestock. The aim of this study was to evaluate spatial distribution of B. pseudomallei 

in soil and consider the implications of this for soil sampling strategies. Methods and Findings: A fixed-interval sampling 

strategy was used as the basis for detection and quantitation by culture of B. pseudomallei in soil in two environmental sites 

(disused land covered with low-lying scrub and rice field) in northeast Thailand. Semivariogram and indicator semivariogram 

were used to evaluate the distribution of B. pseudomallei and its relationship with range between sampling points. B. 

pseudomallei was present on culture of 80/100 sampling points taken from the disused land and 28/100 sampling points 

from the rice field. The median B. pseudomallei cfu/gram from positive sampling points was 378 and 700 for the disused land 

and the rice field, respectively (p = 0.17). Spatial autocorrelation of B. pseudomallei was present, in that samples taken from 

areas adjacent to sampling points that were culture positive (negative) for B. pseudomallei were also likely to be culture 

positive (negative), and samples taken from areas adjacent to sampling points with a high (low) B. pseudomallei count were 

also likely to yield a high (low) count. Ranges of spatial autocorrelation in quantitative B. pseudomallei count were 11.4 

meters in the disused land and 7.6 meters in the rice field. Conclusions: We discuss the implications of the uneven 

distribution of B. pseudomallei in soil for future environmental studies, and describe a range of established geostatistical 

sampling approaches that would be suitable for the study of B. pseudomallei that take account of our findings. © 2010 

Limmathurotsakul et al. 

No.706 

Author (s) : Limpanuparb, T., Punyain, K., Tantirungrotechai, Y. 

Title : A DFT investigation of methanolysis and hydrolysis of triacetin 

Source : Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM, 955 (1-3), pp. 23-32. 


Keywords : Biodiesel; Density Functional Theory; Hydrolysis; Methanolysis; Triacetin 

258


Abstract : The thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the methanolysis and hydrolysis reactions of glycerol triacetate or triacetin, a 

model triacylglycerol compound, were investigated by using Density Functional Theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) level 

of calculation. Twelve elementary steps of triacetin methanolysis were studied under acid-catalyzed and base-catalyzed 

conditions. The mechanism of acid-catalyzed methanolysis reaction which has not been reported yet for any esters was 

proposed. The effects of substitution, methanolysis/hydrolysis position, solvent and face of nucleophilic attack on the free 

energy of reaction and activation energy were examined. The prediction confirmed the facile position at the middle position 

of glycerol observed by NMR techniques. The calculated activation energy and the trends of those factors agree with existing 

experimental observations in biodiesel production. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

No.707 

Author (s) : Limroongreungrat, W., Jamkrajang, P., Tongaim, R. 

Title : Upper extremity kinematics during free throw shooting of thai wheelchair basketball players 

Source : IFMBE Proceedings, 31 IFMBE, pp. 213-215. 


Keywords : Free-throw shooting; Kinematics; Wheelchair Basketball 

Abstract : Wheelchair basketball (WCB) is one of the fastest growing competitive team sports. To score points, free-throw shooting (FTS) 

is the easiest shot since it is an uncontested shot. Although previous studies have been investigated kinematic of FTS, 

kinematics of upper extremity has never been reported in Thai WCB players. Understanding upper extremity kinematics is 

valuable since it can help improve shooting performance. Thus, the purpose of this study was to study upper extremity 

kinematic during free throws of advanced WCB players. Five male WCB athletes (meanage = 27 + 2.9 yrs, meanweight 61 + 

4.2 Kg) volunteered in the study. Participants were divided into two groups: high class (4-4.5 points) and low class (3 - 3.5 

points). Seven retroreflective markers were placed on the right side of second metacarpophalangeal joint, the fifth 

metacarpophalangeal joint, and the radial and ulna styloid processes, the medial and lateral epicondyles and acromion 

process. Three video cameras were simultaneously recorded FTS motion at the sampling frequency of 30 Hz and 

synchronized by the light switch. Raw coordinate data were filtered with 4 th order Butterworth with a cut-off frequency of 4 

Hz. Each participant performed FTS for 10 trials which two successful trials of clean shot were averaged and analyzed. Upper 

extremity angles including shoulder, elbow and wrist were obtained. The Mann-Whitney U test was employed to determine 

statistical significance between the groups. The results showed that the high class had a greater range of motion of shoulder 

and elbow than the low class group whereas the low class group used a larger range of motion than the high group. Since 

the low class group used smaller range of motion at the shoulder and elbow joint, they may compensate at the wrist joint. 

Nevertheless, no statistical differences of upper extremity angles between the two groups were found (p<0.05). Due to the 

small sample size, future investigation with larger sample size is warranted. © 2010 International Federation for Medical and 

Biological Engineering. 

No.708 

Author (s) : Limroongreungrat, W.; Sutthajinda, P.; Tongaim, R.; Wang, Y.T. 

Title : Muscle Activation Patterns of during a Straight Punch of Young Thai National Amateur Boxers 






No.709 

Author (s) : Limsuwan, A. 

Title : Correlation between the 6-min walk test and exercise stress test 

Source : Acta Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics, 99 (7), pp. 958-959. 


Keywords : body weight, child, exercise test, human, letter, oxygen consumption, priority journal, school child, screening test, six minute 

walk test 


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No.710 

Author (s) : Limsuwan, A., Pienvichit, P., Limpijankit, T., Khowsathit, P., Hongeng, S., Pornkul, R., Siripornpitak, S., Boonbaichaiyapruk, S. 

Title : Transcoronary bone marrow-derived progenitor cells in a child with myocardial infarction: First pediatric experience 

Source : Clinical Cardiology, 33 (8), pp. E7-E12. 


Keywords : CD133 antigen, CD34 antibody, granulocyte colony stimulating factor; article, bone marrow cell, case report, child, clinical 

feature, congestive heart failure, echocardiography, female, heart infarction, heart left ventricle ejection 

fraction, human, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, outcome assessment, school child, stem cell mobilization, stem cell 

transplantation; Antigens, CD, Antigens, CD34, Bone Marrow Cells, Bone Marrow Transplantation, Cell 

Separation, Child, Echocardiography, Female, Flow Cytometry, Glycoproteins, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor, Heart 

Catheterization, Heart Failure, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Myocardial Infarction, Peptides, Recovery of 

Function, Stem Cell Transplantation, Stroke Volume, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Ventricular Function, Left 

Abstract : Background: Recent advances in stem cell therapy to restore cardiac function have great promise for patients with congestive 

heart failure aftermyocardial infarction in an adult population. Objective: We examined the benefits of bone marrow-derived 

progenitor cells treatment modality for the pediatric patient. Methods and Results: We present our first case of transcoronary 

autologous stem cell transplantation in a 9-year-old girl with refractory congestive heart failure secondary to myocardial 

infarction 1 year after transcatheter revascularization. The child received daily injections of granulocyte colony-stimulating 

factor for 3 days prior to the bone marrow aspiration. The bone marrow cells were isolated to constitute CD133+/CD34+ 

more than 90% of the total number. Subsequently, the progenitor cell suspension was injected via a transcoronary catheter 

without any complication. Three months after stem cell therapy, her cardiac function, assessed by both cardiac magnetic 

resonance and echocardiogram, has been improvedwith the left ventricular ejection fraction at 47% compared to the 

baseline of 30%. Conclusion: This is the first reported pediatric case of successful transcoronary injection of bone marrowderived 

progenitor cells for end-stage heart disease. The procedure is considered safe and feasible for the pediatric 

population. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 

No.711 

Author (s) : Limsuwan, T., Castells, M.C. 

Title : Outcomes and safety of rapid desensitization for chemotherapy hypersensitivity 

Source : Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, 9 (1), pp. 39-53. 


Keywords : Adverse drug reactions; Anaphylaxis; Carboplatin; Chemotherapy agents; Hypersensitivity reactions; Paclitaxel; Rapid 

desensitization 

Abstract : Importance of the field: The incidence of hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to chemotherapy agents has increased because of 

increasing number of cancer survivors are exposed to repeated courses of sensitizing agents. Replacement with an alternative 

chemotherapy regimen is often limited by tumor sensitivity. Rapid desensitization offers an effective mean to allow 

continuation of the treatment to which patients have presented HSRs. Areas covered in this review: We review the methods, 

outcome and safety of the rapid desensitization protocol developed at Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical 

School Affiliate, based on our recent publication "'Hypersensitivity reactions to chemotherapy: outcome and safety of rapid 

desensitization in 413 cases". Literature search was conducted through Medline (from January 1976 to September 2009), using 

PubMed. What the reader will gain: The article will give insight to clinical manifestations of immediate HSR to various 

chemotherapy agents and their presumably different immunopathomechanism. Risk assessment, including skin testing in 

those presented HSRs to platins and details on rapid desensitization process and its pitfalls will be discussed. Take home 

message: Standa"rd protocol of rapid desensitization, administering under multidisciplinary team approach, is safe and 

effective in overcoming immediate HSRs to platins, taxanes, doxorubicin and rituximab via both intravenous and 

intraperitoneal routes. © 2010 Informa UK Ltd ISSN. 

No.712 

Author (s) : Limsuwan, T., Demoly, P. 

Title : Acute Symptoms of Drug Hypersensitivity (Urticaria, Angioedema, Anaphylaxis, Anaphylactic Shock) 

Source : Medical Clinics of North America, 94 (4), pp. 691-710. 


Keywords : Anaphylactic shock; Anaphylaxis; Angioedema; Drug hypersensitivity; Urticaria 

260


Abstract : Drug hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) are the adverse effects of drugs which, when taken at doses generally tolerated by 

normal subjects, clinically resemble allergy. Immediate-reaction of drug HSRs are those that occur less than 1 hour after the 

last drug intake, usually in the form of urticaria, angioedema, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, bronchospasm, and anaphylaxis or 

anaphylactic shock. Acute urticarial and angioedema reactions are common clinical problems frequently encountered by 

internists and general practitioners. They are not specific to drug allergic reaction, and can be caused by various pathogenic 

mechanisms. Despite the benign course of urticaria and angioedema, a mucocutaneous swelling of the upper respiratory tract 

could be life-threatening by itself or a feature of anaphylaxis. This article reviews acute symptoms of drug HSR-related 

urticaria, angioedema, anaphylaxis, and anaphylactic shock, and how clinicians should approach these problems. © 2010 


No.713 

Author (s) : Limsuwan, T., Thakkinstian, A., Verasertniyom, O., Vanichapuntu, M., Attia, J., Janwityanujit, S., Nantiruj, K. 

Title : Possible protective effects of the Glu27 allele of ß2- Adrenergic receptor polymorphism in Thai asthmatic patients 

Source : Asian Pacific Journal of Allergy and Immunology, 28 (2-3), pp. 107-114. 


Keywords : Adrenergic receptor-ß2; Asthma; Genetic polymorphism; Haplotype; Lung function 

Abstract : The genetic polymorphisms at the 16th (Arg→ Gly) and 27th (Gln→Glu) amino acid positions of the ß2-adrenergic receptor 

(ADRB2) may be linked to various asthma-related phenotypes. These include the adverse effects on lung function known to 

occur following the regular use of albuterol. The study aimed to determine the association between these two ADRB2 SNPs, 

their haplotypes and the phenotypes in Thai asthmatic patients. One-hundred and thirty asthmatic patients were genotyped 

at the Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu polymorphisms. Demographic data, disease severities, pulmonary function tests and medication 

usages were recorded for each patient. The frequencies of the Arg16 and Gln27 alleles were found to be 56.9% and 91.2%, 

respectively, while the linkage disequilibrium coefficient between the two SNPs was 0.36. Three haplotypes were estimated, 

i.e. Arg-Gln, Gly-Gln and Gly-Glu with frequencies of 148 (56.9%), 89 (34.2%) and 23 (8.9%), respectively. The mean 

percentages for predicted FEV1 (%FEV1) for these corresponding haplotypes were 73.5 (SD = 16.3), 72.4 (SD = 17.4) and 80.7 

(SD = 13.1), respectively (p = 0.258). Additionally, the number of hospitalizations, emergency visits and inhaled 

corticosteroid/longacting ß2-agonist (ICS/ LABA) usages were lower in Gln/Glu subjects than for Gln/Gln genotyped patients, 

with values of 0% versus 11.9% (p = 0.122) for hospitalizations;4.5% versus 18.8% (p = 0.121) for emergency visits; and 50% 

versus 76.6%, (p = 0.042) for ICS/LABA usages. The presence of the Glu27 allele in Thai asthmatic patients is associated with a 

decreased asthma severity, higher %FEV1 values, less frequent hospitalizations and emergency visits, and decreased ICS/LABA 

usage. 

No.714 

Author (s) : Limsuwan, A.; Wongwandee, R.; Khowsathit, P. 

Title : Correlation between 6-min walk test and exercise stress test in healthy children 

Source : ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Volume: 99, Issue: 3, Pages: 438-441, DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01602.x, Published: MAR 2010 


Keywords : Exercise stress test; Functional capacity; Healthy children; Six-minute walk test 

Abstract : Aim: To investigate the correlation between 6-min walk test (SMWT) and incremental treadmill exercise stress test (EST) as 

indicators for the functional capacity in children. Methods: Healthy children aged 9-12 years were included. The 

anthropometric data, SMWT and EST were prospectively measured using the standard protocols. Various parameters were 

analysed to define the correlation between SMWT and EST. Results: A total of 100 subjects (53 boys) aged 10.3 +/- 1.0 years 

participated in the study. The SMWT distance was 586.1 +/- 44.0 m. Height (r = 0.59, R(2) = 35%), length of the leg (r = 0.64, 

R(2) = 41%), heart rate at the end of SMWT (r = 0.59, R(2) = 35%) and heart rate difference at the end of SMWT (r = 0.71, R(2) 

= 50%) were found to have significant correlation with SMWT distance. The estimated maximal oxygen consumption (eVO2) 

obtained during the EST tended to be greater in boys than in girls. Among the parameters obtained during EST, maximal heart 

rate (r = 0.33, R(2) = 11%) and the eVO2 (r = 0.54, R(2) = 53%) were found to have significant correlation with SMWT. 

Conclusions: SMWT distance is significantly correlated with the eVO2 obtained during the EST. This indicates that SMWT is also 

one of the predictive markers for EST performance. 

No.715 

Author (s) : Lirdprapamongkol, K., Sakurai, H., Suzuki, S., Koizumi, K., Prangsaengtong, O., Viriyaroj, A., Ruchirawat, S., Svasti, J., Saiki, I. 

261


Title : Vanillin enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis in cancer cells through inhibition of NF-κB activation 

Source : In Vivo, Volume 24, Issue 4, July 2010, Pages 501-506 


Keywords : Apoptosis; Cervical cancer; NF-κB; TRAIL; Vanillin 

Abstract : Background: Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising anticancer agent which selectively 

kills cancer cells with little effect on normal cells. However, TRAIL resistance is widely found in cancer cells. We have 

previously reported antimetatstatic and antiangiogenic effects of vanillin, a flavoring agent from vanilla. Here we have 

evaluated the sensitizing effect of vanillin on a TRAIL-resistant human cervical cancer cell line, HeLa. Materials and Methods: 

Cell viability after treatments was determined by the WST-1 cell counting kit. Apoptosis was demonstrated by detection of 

caspase-3 activation and cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase using immunoblot analysis. Effect of treatments on TRAIL 

signaling pathway and nuclear factor κB (FN-κB) activation was studied using immunoblot analysis and luciferase reporter 

assay. Results: Pretreatment of HeLa cells with vanillin enhanced TRAIL-induced cell death through the apoptosis pathway. 

Vanillin pretreatment inhibited TRAIL-induced phosphorylation of p65 and transcriptional activity of NF-κB. Conclusion: 

Vanillin sensitizes HeLa cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by inhibiting NF-κB activation. 

No.716 

Author (s) : Lithanatudom, P., Leecharoenkiat, A., Wannatung, T., Svasti, S., Fucharoen, S., Smith, D.R. 

Title : A mechanism of ineffective erythropoiesis in β-thalassemia/Hb E disease 

Source : Haematologica, Volume 95, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages 716-723 


Keywords : Apoptosis; Calcium; Cd34+ erythroid progenitor cells; Erythroblasts; Stress; Thalassemia; Unfolded protein response; XBP- 

1 

Abstract : Background Cells respond to stress stimuli through a number of response pathways, of which one of the most important and 

well characterized is the unfolded protein response. Despite a large body of work which suggests that stress in erythroblasts 

may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of β-thalassemia/Hb E disease, this pathway remains uninvestigated. Design and 

Methods Day 10 erythroblasts from normal controls and β-thalassemia/Hb E patients were subjected to internal (treatment 

with tunicamycin) and external (serum and growth factor withdrawal) stress stimuli and the activation of the unfolded protein 

response pathway was investigated. Results Normal erythroblasts responded to both internal and external stress by activating 

the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway while in contrast, erythroblasts from β-thalassemia/Hb E patients only showed 

activation of the unfolded protein response pathway in response to internal stress. This was reflected by a markedly 

increased induction of apoptosis in serum and growth factor deprived β-thalassemia/Hb E erythroblasts as compared to 

control cells. Modulation of the levels of intracellular Ca2+ in thalassemic erythroblasts restored UPR activation during serum 

deprivation and significantly reduced the level of serum deprivation induced apoptosis to control levels. Conclusions These 

results suggest the failure of thalassemic erythroblasts to cope with cellular stress caused by an impaired UPR function as a 

result of high Ca2+ levels may exacerbate thalassemic cell death during erythropoiesis. © 2010 Ferrata Storti Foundation. 

No.717 

Author (s) : Liu, L., Mondal, M.M.H., Idris, M.A., Lokman, H.S., Rajapakse, P.R.V.J., Satrija, F., Diaz, J.L., Upatham, E.S., Attwood, S.W. 

Title : The phylogeography of Indoplanorbis exustus (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) in Asia 

Source : Parasites and Vectors, Volume 3, Issue 1, 2010, Article number 57 


Keywords : article, Asia, evolution, gastropod, indoplanorbis exustus, nonhuman, nucleotide sequence, phylogenetic 

tree, phylogeography; Basommatophora, Bos, Gastropoda, Indoplanorbis, Indoplanorbis exustus, Planorbidae, Schistosoma 

Abstract : Background: The freshwater snail Indoplanorbis exustus is found across India, Southeast Asia, central Asia (Afghanistan), Arabia 

and Africa. Indoplanorbis is of economic importance in that it is responsible for the transmission of several species of the 

genus Schistosoma which infect cattle and cause reduced livestock productivity. The snail is also of medical importance as a 

source of cercarial dermatitis among rural workers, particularly in India. In spite of its long history and wide geographical range, 

it is thought that Indoplanorbis includes only a single species. The aims of the present study were to date the radiation of 

Indoplanorbis across Asia so that the factors involved in its dispersal in the region could be tested, to reveal potential 

historical biogeographical events shaping the phylogeny of the snail, and to look for signs that I. exustus might be 

polyphyletic. Results: The results indicated a radiation beginning in the late Miocene with a divergence of an ancestral 

bulinine lineage into Assam and peninsular India clades. A Southeast Asian clade diverged from the peninsular India clade 

262


late-Pliocene; this clade then radiated at a much more rapid pace to colonize all of the sampled range of Indoplanorbis in 

the mid-Pleistocene. Conclusions: The phylogenetic depth of divergences between the Indian clades and Southeast Asian 

clades, together with habitat and parasitological differences suggest that I. exustus may comprise more than one species. The 

timescale estimated for the radiation suggests that the dispersal to Arabia and to Southeast Asia was facilitated by 

palaeogeographical events and climate change, and did not require human involvement. Further samples from Afghanistan, 

Africa and western India are required to refine the phylogeographical hypothesis and to include the African Recent dispersal. 

© 2010 Liu et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.718 

Author (s) : Lohsiriwat, S., Rukkiat, M., Chaikomin, R., Leelakusolvong, S. 

Title : Effect of ginger on lower esophageal sphincter pressure 



Keywords : Dyspepsia; Esophageal manometry; Ginger; Lower esophageal sphincter; Wet swallowing; Zingiber officinale 

Abstract : Objective: Ginger has been traditionally used to reduce intestinal gas and flatulence. The present study examined the effects 

of ginger on the esophagus and lower esophageal sphincter (LES) function by esophageal manometry. Study design: A 

randomized controlled trial. Setting: Departments of Physiology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital. Subjects: 

Fourteen healthy young male volunteers. Material and Method: The effect of ginger (1 gram of dried powder suspended in 

100 ml water) on LES and esophageal peristalsis were studied by manometry in 14 healthy young men. Subjects drank 100 

ml of water as a control, then performed five wet swallows at 30 minutes after the drink, followed by drinking a ginger 

suspension and performed five wet swallows at every 30 minutes thereafter for 180 minutes. The esophageal manometry was 

performed throughout 180 minutes after ginger consumption. The manometric parameters before and after water and ginger 

intake were compared. Results: The present study showed that after 1 gram-ginger consumption, the LES resting pressures 

remained unchanged but the percent relaxation at swallowing was increased throughout the 180 minutes with statistical 

significance at 90, 150 and 180 minutes. The amplitude and duration of esophageal contraction were not changed, while the 

velocity of contraction waves was decreased at 30, 120, 150 and 180 minutes after the drinks. Conclusion: Ginger did not 

affect LES pressure at rest or esophageal contractile amplitude and duration when swallowing, but caused more relaxation of 

the LES and decreased the esophageal contraction velocity, which may cause more chance of gastric gas expel or 

antiflatulant effect. 

No.719 

Author (s) : Lohsiriwat, V. 

Title : Colonoscopic perforation: Incidence, risk factors, management and outcome 

Source : World Journal of Gastroenterology, Volume 16, Issue 4, 28 January 2010, Pages 425-430 


Keywords : Colonoscopic perforation; Colonoscopy; Complication; Incidence; Management; Outcome; Postpolypectomy 

syndrome; Risk factors; Sigmoidoscopy; Treatment 

Abstract : This review discusses the incidence, risk factors, management and outcome of colonoscopic perforation (CP). The incidence 

of CP ranges from 0.016% to 0.2% following diagnostic colonoscopies and could be up to 5% following some colonoscopic 

interventions. The perforations are frequently related to therapeutic colonoscopies and are associated with patients of 

advanced age or with multiple comorbidities. Management of CP is mainly based on patients' clinical grounds and their 

underlying colorectal diseases. Current therapeutic approaches include conservative management (bowel rest plus the 

administration of broadspectrum antibiotics), endoscopic management, and operative management (open or laparoscopic 

approach). The applications of each treatment are discussed. Overall outcomes of patients with CP are also addressed. © 

2010 Baishideng. All rights reserved. 

No.720 

Author (s) : Lohsiriwat, V., Pongsanguansuk, W., Lertakyamanee, N., Lohsiriwat, D. 

Title : Impact of metabolic syndrome on the short-term outcomes of colorectal cancer surgery 

Source : Diseases of the Colon and Rectum, Volume 53, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 186-191 


Keywords : Colon cancer; Complication; Metabolic syndrome; Outcome; Rectal cancer 

263


Abstract : Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of metabolic syndrome on the short-term outcomes of 

colorectal cancer surgery. Methods: A prospective, observational study of colorectal cancer patients who underwent elective 

oncological resection was conducted between June 2007 and August 2008 at the Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, 

Bangkok. Each patient received preoperative screening for metabolic syndrome using the criteria of the American Heart 

Association and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Factors influencing 30-day postoperative morbidity and 

mortality were analyzed. Results: The study included 114 patients with colorectal cancer, with an average age of 61 years 

(range 29-91). Forty-two (36.8%) patients had metabolic syndrome. There was no significant difference in age, sex, tumor, or 

operative parameters between patients with or without metabolic syndrome. There was no postoperative mortality, and 

overall postoperative morbidity was 21.9%. Patients with metabolic syndrome had a higher rate of complications and a longer 

length of hospital stay than those without metabolic syndrome (40.5% vs 11.1%, P < .001 and 11.2 vs 8.1 day, P = .006, 

respectively). The presence of metabolic syndrome, tumor location, American Society of Anesthesiologists' score III, elevated 

blood pressure, and high triglycerides level were risk factors for postoperative complications in the univariate analysis; 

however, in the multivariate analysis, the presence of metabolic syndrome and rectal cancer surgery were the only 2 

independent factors for the development of complications. Conclusions: Patients with metabolic syndrome had a higher rate 

of postoperative complication and a longer length of hospital stay than patients without metabolic syndrome. © The ASCRS 


No.721 

Author (s) : Lohsiriwat, V., Yodying, H., Lohsiriwat, D. 

Title : Incidence and factors influencing the development of fistula-in-ano after incision and drainage of perianal abscesses 



Keywords : Anal fistula; Anal sepsis; Antibiotics; Incidence; Perianal abscess; Risk factors 

Abstract : Objective: The aims of the present study were to evaluate the incidence of fistula-in-ano following incision and drainage of 

acute perianal abscess and to determine factors influencing the fistula formation. Material and Method: Patients with a firsttime 

perianal abscess or intersphincteric abscess who underwent incision and drainage at Siriraj Hospital from January 2005 to 

June 2008 were reviewed. Patients with coexisting fistula or perianal Crohn's disease were excluded. Incidence and risk factors 

for fistula formation were analyzed. Results: Sixty-four patients were reviewed (50 males, 14 females). The average age of the 

patients was 44 years (range 19-82). The average follow-up period was 30 months (range 10-53). Twenty patients (31%) 

developed fistula-in-ano following incision and drainage. Gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, fever, leukocytosis, and 

location of abscess were not predictive of fistula formation. Univariate analysis showed that patients aged under 40 years and 

non-diabetic patients tended to have a higher risk for developing the fistula (43% vs. 21%, OR 2.95, 95% CI 0.98-8.85; p = 0.05 

and 38% vs. 13%, OR 4.2, 95% CI 0.85-20.83; p = 0.071, respectively). However, patients receiving perioperative antibiotics 

(ATB) were less likely to develop subsequent fistula in both univariate and multivariate analysis. The FIA rate in non-ATB 

group was 48% and only 17% in ATB group (OR 4.5, 95% CI 1.44-14.13; p = 0.01). Conclusion: The incidence of fistula-in-ano 

following incision and drainage of perianal abscess was 31%. Patients aged under 40 years and non-diabetic patients appeared 

to have a higher risk for fistula formation. Administration of perioperative antibiotics significantly reduced the rate of 

subsequent fistula formation. 

No.722 

Author (s) : Lolekha, R., Chunwimaleung, S., Hansudewechakul, R., Leawsrisook, P., Prasitsuebsai, W., Srisamang, P., Wongsawat, J., 

Faikratok, W., Pattanasin, S., Agins, B.D., Fox, K.K., McConnell, M.S. 

Title : Pediatric HIVQUAL-T: Measuring and improving the quality of pediatric HIV care in Thailand, 2005-2007 

Source : Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety, Volume 36, Issue 12, December 2010, Pages 541-551 


Keywords : antiretrovirus agent; adolescent, article, child, clinical trial, health care quality, hospital management, human, Human 

immunodeficiency virus infection, infant, information system, multicenter study, newborn, organization and 

management, preschool child, Thailand; Adolescent, Anti-Retroviral Agents, Child, Child, Preschool, HIV Infections, Hospital 

Administration, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Information Systems, Process Assessment (Health Care), Quality Indicators, 

Health Care, Quality of Health Care, Thailand 

Abstract : Background: As increasing numbers of children initiate antiretroviral treatment (ART), a systematic process is needed to 

measure and improve pediatric HIV care quality. Methods: Pediatric HIVQUAL-T, a model for performance measurement and 

264


quality Improvement (QI), was adapted from the U.S. HIVQUAL model by incorporating Thai national guidelines as standards. 

In each of five pilotsite hospitals in Thailand in 2005-2007, clinical data abstracted from parient records were used to identify 

priority areas for QI. Improvement strategies were designed by clinic teams in different care system areas, and indicators were 

remeasured in 2006 and 2007. Results: At the five hospitals, 1,119 HIV-infected children younger than 15 years of age received 

care in 2005, 1,183 in 2006, and 1,341 in 2007-of whom 460, 435, and 418, respectively, were selected for chart abstraction. 

Of the eligible children, ≥ 95% received clinical monitoring, annual CD4 count monitoring, ART, and adherence and growth 

assessments; 60%-90% received Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) prophylaxis, tuberculosis (TB) screening, oral health 

assessments, and HIV disclosure. Indicators with a score ≤ 40% in 2005 but with significant improvement (p


quality inside sampled swine buildings. Based on the results given in this paper, recommendations on appropriate feeding 

menu, buildings' cleaning schedule and emission control program have been made. 

No.725 

Author (s) : Lourens, C., Watkins, W.M., Barnes, K.I., Sibley, C.H., Guerin, P.J., White, N.J., Lindegardh, N. 

Title : Implementation of a reference standard and proficiency testing programme by the World Wide Antimalarial Resistance 

Network (WWARN) 



Keywords : antimalarial agent, drug metabolite; accuracy, article, drug efficacy, drug safety, in vitro study, laboratory, malaria, quality 

control, standard, drug effect, drug sensitivity, health care quality, human, international cooperation, isolation and 

purification, methodology, parasitology, Plasmodium; Antimalarials, Humans, International Cooperation, Malaria, Parasitic 

Sensitivity Tests, Plasmodium, Quality Assurance, Health Care, Reference Standards 

Abstract : Background. The Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network (WWARN) is a global collaboration to support the objective that 

anyone affected by malaria receives effective and safe drug treatment. The Pharmacology module aims to inform optimal 

anti-malarial drug selection. There is an urgent need to define the drug exposure - effect relationship for most anti-malarial 

drugs. Few anti-malarials have had their therapeutic blood concentration levels defined. One of the main challenges in 

assessing safety and efficacy data in relation to drug concentrations is the comparability of data generated from different 

laboratories. To explain differences in anti-malarial pharmacokinetics in studies with different measurement laboratories it is 

necessary to confirm the accuracy of the assay methods. This requires the establishment of an external quality assurance 

process to assure results that can be compared. This paper describes this process. Methods. The pharmacology module of 

WWARN has established a quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) programme consisting of two separate components:. 1. A 

proficiency testing programme where blank human plasma spiked with certified reference material (CRM) in different 

concentrations is sent out to participating bioanalytical laboratories. 2. A certified reference standard programme where 

accurately weighed amounts of certified anti-malarial reference standards, metabolites, and internal standards are sent to 

participating bioanalytical and in vitro laboratories. Conclusion. The proficiency testing programme is designed as a 

cooperative effort to help participating laboratories assess their ability to carry out drug analysis, resolve any potential 

problem areas and to improve their results - and, in so doing, to improve the quality of anti-malarial pharmacokinetic data 

published and shared with WWARN. By utilizing the same source of standards for all laboratories, it is possible to minimize 

bias arising from poor quality reference standards. By providing anti-malarial drug standards from a central point, it is possible 

to lower the cost of these standards. © 2010 Lourens et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.726 

Author (s) : Lowanitchapat, A., Payungporn, S., Sereemaspun, A., Ekpo, P., Phulsuksombati, D., Poovorawan, Y., Chirathaworn, C. 

Title : Expression of TNF-α, TGF-β, IP-10 and IL-10 mRNA in kidneys of hamsters infected with pathogenic Leptospira 

Source : Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Volume 33, Issue 5, September 2010, Pages 423-434 


Keywords : IL-10; IP-10; Leptospirosis; TGF; TNF 

Abstract : Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis caused by pathogenic Leptospira. Although several components of this organism have 

been identified, the molecular mechanisms underlying pathogenesis of this infectious disease are still poorly understood. 

Besides, direct injury by microbial factors, cytokines produced in response to infection have been proposed to be involved in 

pathogenesis of leptospirosis. In this study, cytokine gene expression in kidneys was investigated. Hamsters were injected with 

pathogenic Leptospira interrogans serovar Pyrogenes and were sacrificed on days 3, 5 and 7 after infection. RNA was extracted 

from kidney tissues. Real-time PCR was performed to demonstrate expression of TNF-α, TGF-β, IP-10 and IL-10 mRNA in 

kidneys.TNF-α, TGF-β and IP-10 expression could be demonstrated since day 3 post-infection whereas IL-10 expression was 

detected later on day 5. Leptospira infection resulted in not only expression of a proinflammatory cytokine, TNF-α, but also 

a T cell chemokine, IP-10. Detection of IP-10 suggested the involvement of T cell recruitment in the immune response or 

pathology in infected kidneys. Expressions of anti-inflammatory cytokines, TGF-β and IL-10 were also observed. However, the 

level of TGF-β expression was prominent since day 3 post-infection whereas IL-10 expression was clearly observed on day 5. 

Further experiments will provide additional information whether there is a correlation between the expression of these 

cytokines and pathologies found in an affected organ. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. 

266


No.727 

Author (s) : Löwenberg, E.C., Charunwatthana, P., Cohen, S., Van Den Born, B.-J., Meijers, J.C.M., Yunus, E.B., Hassan, M.U., Hoque, G., 

Maude, R.J., Nuchsongsin, F., Levi, M., Dondorp, A.M. 

Title : Severe malaria is associated with a deficiency of von Willebrand factor cleaving protease, ADAMTS13 

Source : Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Volume 103, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 181-187 


Keywords : ADAMTS13; Falciparum malaria; Thrombotic microangiopathy; Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura; Von willebrand 

factor cleaving protease 

Abstract : Severe falciparum malaria remains a major killer in tropical countries. Central in the pathophysiology is mechanical 

obstruction in the microcirculation caused by cytoadherence and sequestration of parasitized erythrocytes. However, the 

pathogenesis of many features complicating severe malaria, including coma, renal failure and thrombocytopenia, remains 

incompletely understood. These disease manifestations are also key features of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, a lifethreatening 

disease strongly associated with a deficiency of the von Willebrand factor (VWF) cleaving protease, ADAMTS13. We 

measured plasma ADAMTS13 activity, VWF antigen and VWF propeptide levels in 30 patients with severe falciparum malaria, 

12 patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria and 14 healthy Bangladeshi controls. In patients with severe malaria 

ADAMTS13 activity levels were markedly decreased in comparison to normal controls (mean [95%CI]: 23% [20-26] vs. 64% 

[55-72]) and VWF antigen and propeptide concentrations were significantly elevated (VWF antigen: 439% [396-481] vs. 64% 

[46-83]; VWF propeptide: 576% [481-671] vs. 69% [59-78]). In uncomplicated malaria VWF levels were also increased 

compared to healthy controls but ADAMTS13 activity was normal. The results suggest that decreased ADAMTS13 activity in 

combination with increased VWF concentrations may contribute to the complications in severe malaria. © Schattauer 2010. 

No.728 

Author (s) : Lu, Y., Xiao, P., Shao, Y., Zhang, G., Thanyasiriwat, T., Bao, J. 

Title : Development of new markers to genotype the functional SNPs of SSIIa, a gene responsible for gelatinization temperature of 

rice starch 

Source : Journal of Cereal Science, Volume 52, Issue 3, November 2010, Pages 438-443 


Keywords : Gelatinization temperature; Rice; Single nucleotide polymorphism; SSIIa 

Abstract : Gelatinization temperature (GT) is an important quality predictor that determines the cooking quality of rice. GT is genetically 

controlled by the starch synthase IIa (SSIIa) gene. Two functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) inside the SSIIa have 

already been found to be responsible for the variation of GT. One of these, GC/TT SNP at 4329/4330 bp, could be genotyped 

by four primers in a single PCR (Bao et al., 2006a), but another one, G/A SNP at 4198 bp, has not been detected by a PCRbased 

marker. Here, we developed cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) and derived cleaved amplified 

polymorphic sequence (dCAPS) markers to detect these SNPs. A dCAPS marker that the PCR products were cleaved by the 

BseR I restriction endonuclease was designed to detect GC/TT SNP. Both CAPS and dCAPS markers were designed to detect 

G/A SNP using the restriction endonuclease Nla III and Tsp45 I, respectively. All the markers developed were co-dominant. It 

was known that the A allele of G/A SNP was rare among rice germplasm, but it was still in use by rice breeders. 11 rice 

accessions including landrace and breeding lines with A allele of G/A SNP were detected. The F2 individuals from two crosses 

were used to analyze the co-segregation between the SNP alleles and the GT. The segregation ratio of two SNPs did not 

conform to the expected Mendelian ratio of 1:2:1, but the SNPs were co-segregated with GT. The markers developed in the 

present study would be useful in molecular breeding for the improvement of the quality of rice grain. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. 

No.729 

Author (s) : Lubell, Y. 

Title : Cost-effective use of prereferral treatment for severe malaria 

Source : The Lancet, Volume 376, Issue 9756, 4 December 2010, Pages 1880-1881 


Keywords : antibiotic agent, artesunate; antibiotic therapy, cost effectiveness analysis, drug cost, drug efficacy, health care access, health 

program, malaria, note, priority journal; Administration, Rectal, Antimalarials, Artemisinins, Community Networks, Cost-Benefit 

Analysis, Delivery of Health Care, Endemic Diseases, Health Services Accessibility, Humans, Malaria 


267


No.730 

Author (s) : Lubell, Y., Mills, A.J., Whitty, C.J.M., Staedke, S.G. 

Title : An economic evaluation of home management of malaria in uganda: An interactive markov model 



Keywords : amodiaquine plus artesunate, artemether plus benflumetol, chloroquine, dihydroartemisinin plus 

piperaquine, fansidar, antimalarial agent; article, cost effectiveness analysis, disability, disease severity, drug cost, drug 

efficacy, economic evaluation, fever, health care facility, health service, hidden Markov model, home 

care, human, malaria, probability, Uganda, cost benefit analysis, drug combination, economics, manpower, nursing, preschool 

child, theoretical model; Antimalarials, Child, Preschool, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Drug Combinations, Home Care 

Services, Humans, Malaria, Markov Chains, Models, Theoretical, Uganda 

Abstract : Background: Home management of malaria (HMM), promoting presumptive treatment of febrile children in the community, is 

advocated to improve prompt appropriate treatment of malaria in Africa. The cost-effectiveness of HMM is likely to vary 

widely in different settings and with the antimalarial drugs used. However, no data on the cost-effectiveness of HMM 

programmes are available. Methods/Principal Findings: A Markov model was constructed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of 

HMM as compared to conventional care for febrile illnesses in children without HMM. The model was populated with data 

from Uganda, but is designed to be interactive, allowing the user to adjust certain parameters, including the antimalarials 

distributed. The model calculates the cost per disability adjusted life year averted and presents the incremental costeffectiveness 

ratio compared to a threshold value. Model output is stratified by level of malaria transmission and the 

probability that a child would receive appropriate care from a health facility, to indicate the circumstances in which HMM is 

likely to be cost-effective. The model output suggests that the cost-effectiveness of HMM varies with malaria transmission, 

the probability of appropriate care, and the drug distributed. Where transmission is high and the probability of appropriate 

care is limited, HMM is likely to be cost-effective from a provider perspective. Even with the most effective antimalarials, 

HMM remains an attractive intervention only in areas of high malaria transmission and in medium transmission areas with a 

lower probability of appropriate care. HMM is generally not cost-effective in low transmission areas, regardless of which 

antimalarial is distributed. Considering the analysis from the societal perspective decreases the attractiveness of HMM. 

Conclusion: Syndromic HMM for children with fever may be a useful strategy for higher transmission settings with limited 

health care and diagnosis, but is not appropriate for all settings. HMM may need to be tailored to specific settings, accounting 

for local malaria transmission intensity and availability of health services. © 2010 Lubell et al. 

No.731 

Author (s) : Luealamai, S., Panijpan, B., Ruenwongsa, P. 

Title : Using computer simulation and game module to enhance undergraduate students' 3D-visualization 



Keywords : 3D Computer Module; Crystal Lattice; Undergraduate Students; Unit Cell; Visualization 

Abstract : This study aimed to enhance students' visualization of the micro-scale structure of the solid crystal using computer 

simulation and game for undergraduate science students. A computer teaching module, which comprised 3D models, various 

computer simulations and an instructional game, was developed. Two groups of students participated in the learning unit: the 

traditional group was taught in the traditional lecture format, whereas the experimental group received instructions that 

incorporated the computer module activities. Our research instruments consisted of a test, a rating scale questionnaire and 

personal interviews. Both groups took the pretest and posttest. The research results indicated that students who were 

supplemented with the computer module improved their knowledge and visualization ability of the microstructure of solid 

crystals more than the traditional group. © Common Ground, Sutha Luealamai, Bhinyo Panijpan, Pintip Ruenwongsa. 

No.732 

Author (s) : Luksamijarulkul, P., Kongtip, P. 

Title : Microbial counts and particulate matter levels in roadside air samples under skytrain stations, Bangkok, Thailand 



Keywords : Air quality; Microbial counts; Particulate matter levels; Roadside air samples 

268


Abstract : In conditions with heavy traffic and crowds of people on roadside areas under skytrain stations in Bangkok, the natural air 

ventilation may be insufficient and air quality may be poor. A study of 350 air samples collected from the road-side, under 

skytrain stations in Bangkok, was carried out to assess microbial counts (210 air samples) and particulate matter (PM10) levels 

(140 samples). The results reveal the mean ± standard deviation bacterial counts and fungal counts were 406.8±302.7 cfu/m3 

and 128.9±89.7 cfu/m3, respectively. The PM10 level was 186.1±188.1 μg/m3. When compared to recommended levels, 

4.8% of air samples (10/210 samples) had bacterial counts more than recommended levels (>1,000 cfu/ m3) and 27.1% 

(38/140 samples) had PM10 levels more than recommended levels (>120 μg/m3). These may affect human health, 

especially of street venders who spend most of their working time in these areas. 

No.733 

Author (s) : Lulitanond, A., Chanawong, A., Sribenjalux, P., Wilailuckana, C., Kaewkes, W., Vorachit, M., Ito, T., Hiramatsu, K. 

Title : Preliminary report of SCCmec-types and antimicrobial susceptibilities of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates 

from a university hospital in Thailand 



Keywords : Antimicrobial susceptibility; MRSA; SCCmec; Thailand 

Abstract : Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has spread worldwide. It is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections in 

most hospitals for nearly half century. The present study was conducted to examine the antimicrobial susceptibilities and 

staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec)-type for MRSA isolates from 237 patients treated at Srinagarind Hospital 

between September 2002 and August 2003. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for all isolates was performed using an agar 

dilution method and SCCmec-types of 81 representatives from 237 isolates were determined using multiplex PCR. The 

minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranges for the MRSA isolates were as follows: cefazolin 8 to ≥ 64; erythromycin ≤ 0.5 

to ≥ 64; gentamicin ≤ 0.5 to ≥ 64; imipenem ≤ 0.5 to > 16; ofloxacin ≤ 0.5 to ≥ 64; oxacillin 16 to ≥ 64; tetracycline 2 to ≥ 64 

and vancomycin ≤ 0.5 to 2 μg/ml. All MRSA isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, but only 0.4% to 8.9% was susceptible 

to the remaining antimicrobial agents. Of the 81 isolates tested, 2 types of SCCmec were found (76 with type III and 2 with 

type II) and no mecA gene was detected in 3 isolates. Sixty-seven of the 78 isolates carried the mercury-resistant operon. The 

multilocus sequence type in isolates with type III SCCmec was ST239 and in isolates with type II SCCmec was ST5. 

No.734 

Author (s) : Lundberg, P.C., Kerdonfag, P. 

Title : Spiritual care provided by Thai nurses in intensive care units 

Source : Journal of Clinical Nursing, Volume 19, Issue 7-8, April 2010, Pages 1121-1128 


Keywords : Intensive care; Nurses; Nursing; Spiritual care; Thailand 

Abstract : Aim: The aim of this study was to explore how Thai nurses in intensive care units of a university hospital in Bangkok provided 

spiritual care to their patients. Background: The function of nursing is to promote health, prevent illness, restore health and 

alleviate suffering. An holistic approach to this promotion includes spirituality. Design: An explorative qualitative study was 

used. Method: Thirty Thai nurses, selected through purposive sampling with the snowball technique, participated voluntarily. 

Semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions were carried out, taped-recorded, transcribed verbatim and subjected 

to content analysis. Results: Five themes related to the provision of spiritual care emerged: giving mental support, facilitating 

religious rituals and cultural beliefs, communicating with patients and patients' families, assessing the spiritual needs of 

patients and showing respect and facilitating family participation in care. Several ways of improving the spiritual care were 

suggested by the nurses. Conclusions: Spirituality was an important part of the care for the nurses when meeting the needs of 

their patients and the patients' families. Therefore, nursing education should enhance nurses' understanding and awareness of 

spiritual issues and prepare them to respond to human spiritual needs. Relevance to clinical practice: Nurses should consider 

spirituality as an important component of holistic care. During their professional career, they should expand their knowledge 

and understanding of spirituality and develop tools for assessment of spiritual needs. © 2010 The Authors. Journal 

compilation © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 

No.735 

Author (s) : Luppanapornlarp S., Leelataweewud P., Putongkam P., Ketanont S. 

Title : Periodontal status and orthodontic treatment need of autistic children. 

269


Source : World Journal of Orthodontics, 2010, Volume: 11, Issue: 3, Pages: 256-261 



Abstract : AIM: To evaluate the periodontal status and orthodontic treatment need of autistic children and compare these findings to 

nonaffected, same-age individuals. METHOD: The periodontal status and orthodontic treatment need were evaluated in 32 

autistic and 48 nonautistic boys and girls age 8 years to 12 years (mean 9.7 ± 1.2 years and 9.9 ± 1.1 years, respectively). The 

periodontal status of all subjects was recorded using the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Need (CPITN) with a 

slight modification. The orthodontic treatment need was determined using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Chi-square test 

and odds ratio were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: No significant sex differences were found in the autistic or 

nonautistic groups. The autistic children presented with a significantly poorer periodontal status than the nonautistic children 

(P.05); 

however, children with autism showed missing teeth, spacing, diastemas, reverse overjets, open bites, and Class II molar 

relationship tendencies in a higher percentage than nonautistic individuals. In all, autistic children and nonautistic children 

frequently needed orthodontic treatment. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that children with autism require special dental 

management to improve their oral hygiene as well as their dental esthetics. More care from parents, general dentists, and 

pedodontists/orthodontists should be provided routinely to autistic children. © 2010 BY QUINTESSENCE PUBLISHING CO, INC. 

No.736 

Author (s) : Luppanapornlarp, S., Kajii, T.S., Surarit, R., Iida, J. 

Title : Interleukin-1β levels, pain intensity, and tooth movement using two different magnitudes of continuous orthodontic force 

Source : European Journal of Orthodontics, Volume 32, Issue 5, October 2010, Pages 596-601 


Keywords : interleukin 1beta; adolescent, adult, article, canine tooth, comparative study, female, gingivitis, human, instrumentation, male, 

malocclusion, mechanical stress, metabolism, orthodontic device, orthodontics, pain, periodontal disease; Adolescent, 

Cuspid, Female, Gingival Crevicular Fluid, Humans, Interleukin-1beta, Male, Malocclusion, Angle Class I, Orthodontic Appliance 

Design, Orthodontic Wires, Pain, Stress, Mechanical, Tooth Movement, Young Adult 

Abstract : This study aimed to determine the optimum orthodontic force from a broader perspective. Interleukin (IL)-1β levels in 

human gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), pain intensity, and the amount of tooth movement were measured during canine 

retraction using different magnitudes of continuous orthodontic force.Sixteen subjects (two males and 14 females), aged 18- 

24 years, diagnosed with Class I bimaxillary protrusion and treated with first premolar extractions participated in this study. 

The upper canines were retracted with continuous forces of 50 or 150 g using nickel-titanium coil springs on segmented 

archwires. One of the lower canines was used as a control. GCF was collected from the distal site of each tooth at specific 

time points. IL-1β concentrations, pain intensity, using the visual analogue scale (VAS), and the amount of tooth movement 

were evaluated. One-way analysis of variance, Friedman, and paired t-tests were used for comparisons of IL-1β in GCF, the 

plaque and gingival indices, and the efficiency of tooth movement on pain perception, respectively.IL-1β concentration in 

the 150 g group showed the highest level at 24 hours and 2 months with significant differences compared with the control 

group (P < 0.05). The mean VAS score of pain intensity from the 150 g force was significantly greater than from the 50 g force 

at 24 hours (P < 0.01). However, no significant difference in the amount of tooth movement was found between these two 

different magnitudes of continuous force at 2 months. A 50 g force could effectively induce tooth movement similar to 150 g 

with less pain and less inflammation. © The Author 2010. 

No.737 

Author (s) : Lwin, KM., Zwang, J., Phyo, AP., Ohn, M., Proux, S., Leimanis, M., Tarning, J., Lindegardh, N., Cheah, P., Singhasivanon, P., White, 

NJ., Nosten, F. 

Title : A RANDOMISED, DOUBLE-BLIND PLACEBO CONTROLLED TRIAL OF TWO DIFFERENT DOSING REGIMENS OF DIHYDROARTEMISININ- 

PIPERAQUINE FOR INTERMITTENT PREVENTIVE TREATMENT OF ADULTS AT HIGH RISK OF MALARIA IN THAILAND 

Source : AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE, Volume: 83, Issue: 5, Pages: 372-372, Supplement: S, Published: 

NOV 2010 




270


No.738 

Author (s) : Maek-a-nantawat, W.; Huntrup, A.; Malakul, K.; Silachamroon, U. 

Title : Atopic Diseases Share the Cake of Association with Chronic Urticaria 






No.739 

Author (s) : Maguire, J.; Thakkinstian, A.; Levi, C.; Lincz, L.; Bissett, L.; Sturm, J.; Scott, R.; Attia, J. 

Title : Genetic Influences on Ischemic Stroke 90-day Functional Outcome: a Novel Association 

Source : CIRCULATION, Volume: 122, Issue: 2, Pages: E175-E175, Meeting Abstract: P368, Published: JUL 13 2010 




No.740 

Author (s) : Mahachoklertwattana, P., Suthutvoravut, U., Poomthavorn, P., Charoenkiatkul, S., Udomsubpayakul, U., Rajatanavin, R. 

Title : Sexual maturation in Thai boys 

Source : Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Volume 23, Issue 1-2, January 2010, Pages 65-71 


Keywords : Puberty; Sexual maturation 

Abstract : Background: A worldwide secular trend towards earlier onset of puberty in girls has been noted during recent years. However, 

the data on sexual maturation of boys are relatively scarce and normative data of sexual maturation in Thai boys are still 

lacking. Aim: To determine the age of secondary sexual maturation in normal Thai boys. Methods: Three hundred healthy 

urban boys aged 9-18 years were recruited during January 1997 to December 1999. Genital and pubic hair maturity staging 

was determined using the method of Marshall and Tanner. Testicular size was assessed by Prader orchidometer. Probit 

analysis was used to analyze the onset of puberty (gonadarche) and pubarche. Results: Median (range) ages of the onset of 

puberty and pubarche were 10.8 (9.5-12) and 12.4 (10.9-13.9) years, respectively. Conclusion: The age of onset of genital 

development in boys living in Bangkok seems to be slightly earlier than that of boys in other countries. However, the onset of 

pubic hair development is comparable. © Freund Publishing House Ltd. 

No.741 

Author (s) : Mahanam, T.; Sangdee, A.; Govitrapong, P.; Tongjaroenbuangam, W. 

Title : MELATONIN IMPROVES LEARNING AND MEMORY PERFORMANCES IMPAIRED BY DEXAMETHASONE-INDUCED STRESS MICE 





No.742 

Author (s) : Mahasaksawat, N.; Mukda, S.; Wongchitrat, P.; Govitrapong, P. 

Title : AMPHETAMINE-INDUCED CHANGE IN CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS OF DOPAMINERGIC SYSTEM IN RAT STRIATUM 





No.743 

Author (s) : Mahittikorn, A., Wickert, H., Sukthana, Y. 

271


Title : Toxoplasma gondii: Simple duplex RT-PCR assay for detecting SAG1 and BAG1 genes during stage conversion in 

immunosuppressed mice 

Source : Experimental Parasitology, Volume 124, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 225-231 


Keywords : Duplex RT-PCR; Mice; Stage conversion; Toxoplasma gondii 

Abstract : Toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) is caused by reactivation of dormant bradyzoites into rapidly dividing tachyzoites of the 

apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii in immune-compromised hosts. Diagnosis of this life-threatening disease is 

complicated, since it is difficult to distinguish between these two stages. It is, therefore, mainly based on a test positive for T. 

gondii antibodies, and specific clinical symptoms. We developed a duplex RT-PCR to detect the expression of bradyzoite 

(BAG1) and tachyzoite (SAG1) specific genes simultaneously during tachyzoite/bradyzoite stage conversion. The conversion 

reaction was observed in many organs of experimental mice, indicated by tachyzoites in the cerebrum, cerebellum, heart and 

lung, beginning in week 1 after the suppression period, and continuing until the end. Bradyzoites were also detected in nearly 

all organs throughout the study, suggesting that during the reactivation period, bradyzoites not only escape from cysts and 

reinvade neighboring cells as tachyzoites, but are also driven into developing new bradyzoites. The results of our study show 

that duplex RT-PCR is an easy, rapid, sensitive, and reproducible method, which is particularly valuable when numerous 

samples must be analyzed. This technique may usefully serve as an alternate tool for diagnosing TE in severely 

immunocompromised patients. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 

No.744 

Author (s) : Maingat, F., Viappiani, S., Zhu, Y., Vivithanaporn, P., Ellestad, K.K., Holden, J., Silva, C., Power, C. 

Title : Regulation of lentivirus neurovirulence by lipopolysaccharide conditioning: Suppression of CXCL10 in the brain by IL-10 

Source : Journal of Immunology, Volume 184, Issue 3, 1 February 2010, Pages 1566-1574 


Keywords : CD3 antigen, gamma interferon inducible protein 10, granzyme A, lipopolysaccharide, recombinant interleukin 10, interleukin 

10, neuroprotective agent; animal experiment, animal model, animal tissue, article, brain, cognition, controlled study, Feline 

immunodeficiency virus, gene expression, genetic analysis, human, human cell, Human immunodeficiency virus 

infection, human tissue, immunocytochemistry, immunosuppressive treatment, innate immunity, Lentivirinae, Lentivirus 

infection, lymphocytic infiltration, macrophage, monocyte, nerve cell, nonhuman, priority journal, real time polymerase chain 

reaction, supernatant, T lymphocyte, virus cell interaction, virus load, virus virulence, animal, cat, cell culture, cell 

motion, drug antagonism, growth, development and aging, Human immunodeficiency virus 

1, immunology, pathogenicity, pathology, physiology, tumor cell line, virology, virulence; Animals, Brain, Cats, Cell Line, 

Tumor, Cell Movement, Cells, Cultured, Chemokine CXCL10, HIV Infections, HIV-1, Humans, Immunodeficiency Virus, 

Feline, Interleukin-10, Lentivirus Infections, Lipopolysaccharides, Neurons, Neuroprotective Agents, Viral Load, Virulence 

Abstract : Lentivirus infections including HIV and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) cause neurovirulence, which is largely mediated by 

innate immunity. To investigate the interactions between neurovirulence and repeated conditioning by innate immune 

activation, models of lentivirus infection were exposed to LPS. Gene expression in HIV-infected (HIV+) and control (HIV-) 

patient brains was compared by real time RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry. Supernatants from mock and HIV-infected 

monocyte-derived macrophages exposed to LPS were applied to human neurons. FIV-infected (FIV+) and control (FIV-) 

animals were exposed repeatedly to LPS postinfection together with concurrent neurobehavioral testing, viral load, and host 

gene analyses. Brains from HIV+ individuals exhibited induction of CD3ε, CXCL10, and granzyme A expression (p < 0.05). 

Supernatants from HIV+ monocyte-derived macrophages induced CXCL10 expression in neurons, which was diminished by IL- 

10 treatment (p < 0.05). LPS-exposed FIV+ animals demonstrated lower plasma and brain viral loads (p < 0.05). Neuronal 

CXCL10 expression was increased in FIV+ animals but was suppressed by LPS exposure, together with reduced brain CD3ε 

and granzyme A expression (p < 0.05). In conjunction with preserved NeuN-positive neuronal counts in parietal cortex (p < 

0.05), FIV+ animals exposed to LPS also showed less severe neurobehavioral deficits (p < 0.05). Repeated LPS exposures 

suppressed CXCL10 in the brain and ensuing T cell infiltration with a concomitant reduction in neurovirulence. Thus, innate 

immune chronic conditioning exerted beneficial effects on neurovirulence through suppression of a specific chemotactic 

factor, CXCL10, mediated by IL-10, leading to reduced leukocyte infiltration and release of neurotoxic factors. Copyright © 

2010 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. 

No.745 

Author (s) : Maksymowych, W.P.; Chiowchanwisawakit, P.; Lambert, R.G.W. 

272


Title : TNF BLOCKING AGENTS PROMOTE RESOLUTION OF EROSIONS IN PATIENTS WITH SPONDYLOARTHRITIS 

Source : CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RHEUMATOLOGY, Volume: 28, Issue: 4, Pages: 636-636, Published: JUL-AUG 2010 




No.746 

Author (s) : Malaithong, N., Polsomboon, S., Poolprasert, P., Parbaripai, A., Bangs, M.J., Suwonkerd, W., Pothikasikorn, J., Akratanakul, P., 

Chareonviriyaphap, T. 

Title : Human-landing patterns of anopheles dirus sensu lato (Diptera: Culicidae) in experimental huts treated with DDT or 

deltamethrin 

Source : Journal of Medical Entomology, Volume 47, Issue 5, September 2010, Pages 823-832 


Keywords : Anopheles dirus; behavioral response; DDT; deltamethrin; experimental hut 

Abstract : Anopheles dirus females landing on humans inside experimental huts treated with residual applications of DDT or 

deltamethrin were observed during the wet season in Pu Teuy Village, Kanchanaburi Province, western Thailand. Two 

identical experimental huts were constructed in the fashion of typical local rural Thai homes. Pretreatment (baseline) humanlanding 

collections (HLC) in both huts showed an early evening peak of activity between 1900 and 2000 h with no significant 

difference in numbers of mosquitoes captured between huts over a period of 30 collection nights. During posttreatment HLC, 

female mosquitoes continued to show greater landing activity inside huts fitted with insecticide-treated panels during the first 

half of the evening compared with the second half. A greater number (proportion) of An. dims females landed on humans in 

the hut treated with deltamethrin compared with DDT. Comparing pre- and posttreatment HLC, the DDT-treated hut showed 

a 79.4% decline in attempted blood feeding, whereas exposure to deltamethrin resulted in a 56.3% human-landing 

reduction. An odds ratio was performed to demonstrate the relative probability (risk) of mosquitoes entering and attempting 

to blood feed in the two treated huts compared with untreated control huts. Mosquitoes were ≈times less likely to land on 

humans inside a DDT-treated hut compared with the deltamethrin-treated hut. Although both chemicals exerted strong 

excitatory responses, DDT appears to have a more pronounced and significant (P = 0.002) effect on behavior than 

deltamethrin, resulting in greater movement away from the insecticide source and thus potential reduction of blood-feeding 

activity. © 2010 Entomological Society of America. 

No.747 

Author (s) : Malisorn, N., Morales, N.P., Sanvarinda, Y., Wanikiat, P. 

Title : 17β-estradiol attenuates LPS-induced interleukin-8 production by human peripheral blood monocytes through estrogen 

receptor-αactivation 

Source : African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Volume 4, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 806-810 


Keywords : Estrogen receptor; Interleukin 8; Monocytes 

Abstract : Proper regulation of the immune response is essential for immune homeostasis. Several proinflammatory cytokines released 

from activated monocytes mediate inflammation, including interleukine-8 (IL-8) which recruits neutrophils to the site of 

inflammation. 17β-Estradiol (E2) has a direct role in the modulation of the innate immune function and mediates profound 

effects on immune function of the monocytes. The effects of 17β-E2 are mediated principally by two receptor subtypes, ER 

and ER; both are expressed in monocytes. The aim of this study was, therefore, to characterize the estrogen receptor 

subtypes that mediate the estrogen effects on LPS-activated IL-8 production by human peripheral blood monocytes. 17β-E2 

and PPT attenuated the production of IL-8 by LPS-activated monocytes in a dose-dependent manner and these effects can 

be reversed by ICI182, 780. These results suggested a role of ER on the attenuating effect of 17β-E2 on IL-8 production by 

human peripheral blood monocytes. © 2010 Academic Journals. 

No.748 

Author (s) : Maltezos, G., Johnston, M., Taganov, K., Srichantaratsamee, C., Gorman, J., Baltimore, D., Chantratita, W., Scherer, A. 

Title : Exploring the limits of ultrafast polymerase chain reaction using liquid for thermal heat exchange: A proof of principle 

Source : Applied Physics Letters, Volume 97, Issue 26, 27 December 2010, Article number 264101 


273


Keywords : Avian influenza, Base pairs, Chemical systems, Clinical settings, E.coli O157:H7, Human immunodeficiency virus, Limiting 

factors, PCR amplification, Proof of principles, Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Shiga toxin, State-of-the-art 

devices, Thermal exchange, Thermal heat, Thermal ramp rates, Thermococcus kodakaraensis, Traditional devices, Ultra-fast; 

Escherichia coli, Liquids, Metal testing, Polymerization, Polymers, Viruses; Polymerase chain reaction 

Abstract : Thermal ramp rate is a major limiting factor in using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for routine diagnostics. We 

explored the limits of speed by using liquid for thermal exchange rather than metal as in traditional devices, and by testing 

different polymerases. In a clinical setting, our system equaled or surpassed state-of-the-art devices for accuracy in amplifying 

DNA/RNA of avian influenza, cytomegalovirus, and human immunodeficiency virus. Using Thermococcus kodakaraensis 

polymerase and optimizing both electrical and chemical systems, we obtained an accurate, 35 cycle amplification of an 85base 

pair fragment of E. coli O157:H7 Shiga toxin gene in as little as 94.1 s, a significant improvement over a typical 1 h PCR 

amplification. © 2010 American Institute of Physics. 

No.749 

Author (s) : Manatsathit, W., Sermsathanasawadi, R., Wongjittraporn, S., Chavalitdhamrong, D., Kijsirichareanchai, K., Manuyakorn, A., 

Pongprasobchai, S. 

Title : A Case Series of Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis and Eosinophilic Colitis in Thailand 

Source : AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY, Volume: 105, Supplement: 1, Pages: S76-S76, Meeting Abstract: 202, Published: 

OCT 2010 




No.750 

Author (s) : Mandee, S., Siriussawakul, A., Suraseranivongse, S., Khanwilai, J., Nitigarun, P. 

Title : Time duration to safety sitting in parturient receiving spinal anesthesia for cesarean section with 0.5% Bupivacaine and 

morphine 

Source : ASIAN BIOMEDICINE, Volume: 4, Issue: 3, Pages: 485-489, Published: JUN 2010 


Keywords : Ambulation; Cesarean section; Spinal anesthesia 

Abstract : Background: Spinal anesthesia has been used for cesarean section for a long time. However, the proportion of post-cesarean 

paturients who were able to sit at the fourth hour still remains unclear. Objective: Investigate the proportion of post-cesarean 

paturients that were able to sit at the fourth hour following spinal anesthesia with 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine and 

morphine. Furthermore, investigate the optimum time to encourage ambulation, and the risk factors delaying time duration 

to sit. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in 240 patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists 

physical status classification I and II, and single pregnancy parturients undergoing cesarean section. The patients who had 

body mass index (BMI) >35, estimated blood loss >1000 mL, needed postoperative bed rest, or received postoperative 

sedation were excluded. Hyperbaric bupivacaine 8-11 mg and morphine 0.2-0.3 mg were used. The patients were evaluated 

at the fourth hour until they could sit without adverse events or complete the sixth hour. All patients were evaluated for risk 

factors delaying the time duration to sit. Results: Out of 240 patients, 77.0%, 90.9%, and 98.4% were able to sit at the fourth, 

fifth, and sixth hour, respectively. The risk factors that delayed time to sit were Bromage scale >1 and pain score >3 by the 

univariate analysis, and were Bromage scale >1 and pain score >3 by the multivariate analysis. Conclusion: Seventy-seven 

percent of the patients could sit at the fourth hour, and most patients (98%) could sit at the sixth hour. The risk factors that 

delayed the time duration to sit were Bromage score >1 and pain score >3. 

No.751 

Author (s) : Maneechotesuwan, K., Ekjiratrakul, W., Kasetsinsombat, K., Wongkajornsilp, A., Barnes, P.J. 

Title : Statins enhance the anti-inflammatory effects of inhaled corticosteroids in asthmatic patients through increased induction of 

indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 

Source : Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Volume 126, Issue 4, October 2010, Pages 754-762.e1 


Keywords : asthma; Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase; inhaled corticosteroid; kynurenine; simvastatin 

274


Abstract : Background: We have previously shown that inhaled corticosteroids activate indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity 

through increased IL-10 secretion. Statins might enhance the anti-inflammatory effects of corticosteroids. Objective: In a 

double-blind study we added simvastatin to patients with mild asthma receiving a low dose of inhaled budesonide and 

evaluated sputum eosinophil counts, IL-10 secretion, and IDO activity, as well as their putative signaling pathways. Methods: 

After a 2-week run-in period without treatment, 50 asthmatic patients were treated with 200 μg of budesonide and randomly 

assigned to either 10 mg of simvastatin or matched placebo for 8 weeks. Inflammation was evaluated through eosinophil 

counts, secretory signaling molecules, and immunocytochemistry of macrophages in sputum. Results: Sputum eosinophil 

percentages were reduced significantly by the combined therapy with budesonide and simvastatin compared with 

budesonide alone (P = .02). Corticosteroids activated glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor ligand, which induces activation of 

p52 through the noncanonical nuclear factor κB pathway, leading to the increased transcription and activation of IDO. 

Simvastatin enhanced corticosteroid-activated noncanonical nuclear factor κB-dependent induction of IDO by activating type 

I interferons and also enhanced the effect of corticosteroid on IL-10 release. Conclusion: A statin enhances the antiinflammatory 

effect of an inhaled corticosteroid in asthma, and this was mediated through the alteration of IDO activity in 

macrophages. © 2010 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. 

No.752 

Author (s) : Maneechotesuwan, K., Sujaritwongsanon, P., Suthamsmai, T. 

Title : IgE production in allergic asthmatic patients with different asthma control status. 



Keywords : diagnostic agent, immunoglobulin E, methacholine chloride; 

adult, aged, article, asthma, blood, eosinophil, female, human, immunology, inhalation test, male, metabolism, middle 

aged, pathophysiology, skin test, spirometry; Adult, Aged, Asthma, Bronchial Provocation 

Tests, Eosinophils, Female, Humans, Immunoglobulin E, Male, Methacholine Chloride, Middle Aged, Skin Tests, Spirometry 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: Although much is known about the fact that IgE-mediated allergic inflammatory response contributes to airway 

inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and asthma severity, little is known about the degree of IgE response in allergic 

asthmatics during treatment. OBJECTIVE: To determine the amount of total serum IgE among allergic asthmatic patients with 

various asthma controls. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A total of 190 non-smoking patients with allergic asthma were divided into 

three groups by using the asthma control definition according to the GINA 2006 criteria. There were 64 well-controlled, 88 

partly-controlled, and 38 uncontrolled. After study entry, patients underwent lung function test, methacholine challenge and 

skin prick test to establish allergic status. Peripheral venous blood specimens were collected to measure total IgE and 

absolute eosinophil numbers. The data are expressed as mean +/- SD. RESULTS: The logarithm of total serum IgE was 

significantly higher in subjects with uncontrolled allergic asthma than in those with well-controlled disease (p < .0001). IgE 

response in uncontrolled asthmatics was still high despite having been treated with ICS at a dose which was significantly high 

when compared with well-controlled subjects (1075.4 +/- 420 vs. 703.5 +/- 355, p < .0001). The logarithm of total serum IgE 

was associated with increased blood eosinophil counts (r = 0.25, p .0007) among three asthmatic groups and with decreased 

prebronchodilator FEV1 (r = -0.42, p = .0075) and PC20 (r = -0.36, p = .04) only in uncontrolled group. CONCLUSION: In allergic 

asthmatic patients with various disease control stages, there are differences in IgE immune response. Both high and nonsuppressible 

total serum IgE response may be involved in the development of uncontrolled asthma. 

No.753 

Author (s) : Maneechotesuwan, K., Wongkajornsilp, A., Huabprasert, S., Kasetsinsombat, K., Suthumansami, T. 

Title : Differential expression of Th2 chemokine receptors on T cells from atopic and nonatopic asthmatics in response to Der p 1pulsed 

dendritic cells. 



Keywords : allergen, CCL17 protein, human, CCL22 protein, human, chemokine receptor CCR3, chemokine receptor 

CCR4, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus antigen p 1, house dust allergen, macrophage derived chemokine, messenger 

RNA, thymus and activation regulated chemokine; animal, article, asthma, CD4+ T lymphocyte, dendritic cell, flow 

cytometry, genetics, human, immunology, metabolism, Pyroglyphidae, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Th2 

cell; Allergens, Animals, Antigens, Dermatophagoides, Asthma, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Chemokine CCL17, Chemokine 

275


CCL22, Dendritic Cells, Flow Cytometry, Humans, Pyroglyphidae, Receptors, CCR3, Receptors, CCR4, Reverse Transcriptase 

Polymerase Chain Reaction, RNA, Messenger, Th2 Cells 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: In vitro polarized human Th2 cells preferentially express the chemokine receptors CCR3 and CCR4 and migrate 

to their ligands: eotaxin, monocyte-derived chemokine (MDC) or CCL22, thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) 

or CCL17. However little is known about the regulation of these chemokine receptor axes by Der p 1-pulsed dendritic cells in 

house dust mite (HDM)-sensitive and non-atopic asthmatics. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to investigate the modulatory effects of 

Der p 1-pulsed DCs on the expression of CCR3 and CCR4 on CD4+ T cells of HDM-sensitive and non-atopic asthmatics. 

MATERIAL AND METHOD: Using real-time RT-PCR and flow cytometry analysis, the expression of CCR3 and CCR4 were assessed 

in autologous CD4+ T cells after co-incubation with Der p 1-pulsed DCs from these two asthmatic groups. We also 

determined the mRNA expression of CCR4 ligands TARC/CCL17 and MDC/CCL22 in monocyte-derived DCs after Der p 1 

pulsation. RESULTS: We performed flow cytometry analysis of CD4+ T cells from HDM-sensitive and non-atopic asthmatics, 

taken 24 and 48 h after co-incubation with Der p 1-pulsed DCs. We demonstrated that after co-incubation, there was a 

significant increase in CCR3+ and CCR4+ CD4+ T cells from HDM-sensitive asthmatics, which began to occur at 24 h and 48 h 

respectively, and corresponded to their expression at mRNA levels. In contrast, only CCR4 mRNA but not protein expression 

was increased in non-atopic CD4+ T cells. After Der p 1 pulsation, mRNA expression of CCR4-specific ligands (CCL17 and 

CCL22) was also markedly upregulated in HDM-sensitive DCs whereas only CCL17 gene expression was increased in nonatopic 

DCs. CONCLUSION: These data support the role of DCs in differential regulation of CCR3 and CCR4 on CD4+ T cells 

from HDM-sensitive and non-atopic asthmatics after Der p 1 exposure. 

No.754 

Author (s) : Maneerat, Y.; Khachansaksumeth, V.; Nintasen, R.; Chaisri, U.; Viriyavejakul, P.; Chartiburus, P. 

Title : HUMAN SAPHENOUS VEIN CULTURE IN CONDITIONS OF ENDOTHELIUM DYSFUNCTION AND HYPERLIPIDEMIA: AN EX VIVO 

MODEL FOR EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS 





No.755 

Author (s) : Manguin, S., Bangs, M.J., Pothikasikorn, J., Chareonviriyaphap, T. 

Title : Review on global co-transmission of human Plasmodium species and Wuchereria bancrofti by Anopheles mosquitoes 

Source : Infection, Genetics and Evolution, Volume 10, Issue 2, March 2010, Pages 159-177 


Keywords : Africa; Americas; Anopheles; Asia; Australasia; Bancroftian filariasis; Malaria; Plasmodium; Western Pacific 

Abstract : Malaria and lymphatic filariasis are two of the most common mosquito-borne parasitic diseases worldwide which can occur as 

concomitant human infections while also sharing common mosquito vectors. This review presents the most recent available 

information on the co-transmission of human Plasmodium species and Wuchereria bancrofti by Anopheles mosquitoes. 

Important biological and epidemiological aspects are also described including the lifecycle of each parasite species and their 

specificities, the geographical biodiversity of each pathogen and their vectors where the parasites are co-endemic, and 

biological, environmental and climatic determinants influencing transmission. The co-transmission of each disease is 

illustrated from both a global perspective and a country level using Thailand as a study case. Different diagnostic methods 

are provided for the detection of the parasites in biological samples ranging from traditional to more recent molecular 

methods, including methodologies employing concomitant detection assays of W. bancrofti and Plasmodium spp. parasites. 

The relevant issues of combined malaria and Bancroftian filariasis control strategies are reviewed and discussed. © 2009 

Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.756 

Author (s) : Manojlovic, N.T., Vasiljevic, P.J., Gritsanapan, W., Supabphol, R., Manojlovic, I. 

Title : Phytochemical and antioxidant studies of Laurera benguelensis growing in Thailand 

Source : Biological Research, Volume 43, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 169-176 


Keywords : Anthraquinones; Antioxidant activity; Laurera benguelensis; Xanthones 

276


Abstract : The aim of this study was to investigate metabolites of the lichen Laurera benguelensis. A high-performance liquid 

chromatographic (HPLC) method has been developed for the characterization of xanthones and anthraquinones in extracts of 

this lichen. Lichexanthone, secalonic acid D, norlichexanthon, parietin, emodin, teloschistin and citreorosein were detected in 

the lichen samples, which were collected from two places in Thailand. Components of the lichen were identified by relative 

retention time and spectral data. This is the first time that a detailed phytochemical analysis of the lichen L. benguelensis 

was reported and this paper has chemotaxonomic significance because very little has been published on the secondary 

metabolites present in Laurera species. Some of the metabolites were detected for the first time in the family 

Trypetheliaceae. The results of preliminary testing of benzene extract and its chloroform and methanol fractions showed that 

all samples showed a weak radical scavenging activity. The chloroform extract showed the highest antioxidant activity. 

No.757 

Author (s) : Manonai, J., Wattanayingcharoenchai, R., Sarit-Apirak, S., Vannatim, N., Chittacharoen, A. 

Title : Prevalence and risk factors of anorectal dysfunction in women with urinary incontinence 

Source : Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Volume 281, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 1003-1007 


Keywords : Anorectal dysfunction; Risk factor; Urinary incontinence 

Abstract : Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of anorectal dysfunction among women with urinary incontinence. 

Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted among women attending the urogynecology clinic. Women with symptoms 

of urinary incontinence were requested to complete a structured questionnaire. Results: Four hundred and thirteen women 

participated in the study and 43.8% had at least one anorectal symptom. The prevalence rates of anal incontinence, 

constipation, and difficult defecation were 8.0, 38.0, and 25.7%, respectively. The risk factors associated with anorectal 

dysfunction were age and number of parity. Conclusion: Anorectal dysfunction was prevalent among women with urinary 

incontinence; age and number of parity were the risk factors. All women with symptoms of urinary incontinence should be 

evaluated about anorectal symptoms. © 2009 Springer-Verlag. 

No.758 

Author (s) : Manonukul, J., Kajornvuthidej, S. 

Title : Sebaceous neoplasms in siriraj hospital, Mahidol university: A 9-year-retrospective study 



Keywords : Retrospective study; Sebaceous neoplasms 

Abstract : Background: Sebaceous neoplasms are adnexal neoplasms that contain a varying number of sebocytes, i.e. large cells with 

lipid-laden vacuolated cytoplasm, soap-bubble in appearance, and crenate nuclei. They are uncommon compared to other 

adnexal neoplasms. Various sebaceous neoplasms with complex histopathologic features and varying degree of sebaceous 

cells differentiation have been described in the literature. Objectives: To study the prevalence of ebaceous neoplasms, i.e. 

nevus sebaceus, sebaceous hyperplasia, sebaceous adenoma, sebaceoma, sebaceous pithelioma, superficial epithelioma with 

sebaceous differentiation, and sebaceous carcinoma diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol 

University during the 9-year-period between 1997 and 2005. To study the prevalence of tumor transformation that occurs in 

nevus sebaceus. Material and Method: A retrospective study of all sebaceous neoplasms including Nevus sebaceous, 

sebaceous hyperplasia, sebaceous adenoma, sebaceoma, sebaceous epithelioma, superficial epithelioma with sebaceous 

differentiation, sebaceous carcinoma, and all neoplasms containing the term "sebaceous" was performed. All slides were reanalyzed 

and re-diagnosed, without knowledge of the previous diagnosis or any clinical data, according to the criteria 

described in the standard textbooks of dermatopathology by Elder, McKee. Comparison between the previous diagnoses and 

the reviewed diagnoses was performed to assess the initial accuracy of all sebaceous neoplasms diagnosed. Small-sized 

biopsies or biopsies that possess incomplete sebaceous differentiation, in which the sebocytes were few and subtle, 

sometimes are difficult to diagnose. In these instances, the clinical correlation was needed for positive diagnosis. Afterwards, 

these reviewed diagnoses were recorded and classified according to the patient's age, gender, and localization. Results: Two 

hundred seven sebaceous neoplasms (2.34%) from the 8819 skin biopsies that were taken in the Department of Pathology, 

Siriraj Hospital during the 9-year-period, were included. After exclusion of some authentically non-sebaceous neoplasms, 182 

sebaceous neoplasms were found. Nevus sebaceus (n = 85, 46.7%) and sebaceous hyperplasia (n = 64, 35.1%) were the two 

most common benign lesions. The others were sebaceoma (n = 3, 1.6%), sebaceous adenoma (n = 2, 1.1%), sebaceous 

epithelioma (n = 1. 0.5%), sebaceous carcinoma (n = 26, 14.3%), and one unclassified sebaceous lesion that could not be 

277


considered a neoplasm. Tumor degeneration was found in 14 nevus sebaceus in which 21 neoplasms existed, namely, 

trichilemmoma (wart)-like lesion (n = 4), primitive follicular induction (n = 7), syringocystadenoma papilliferum (n = 3), 

trichoblastoma (n = 3), and one of each of trichoepithelioma, sebaceous adenoma, tumor of follicular infundiculum, and 

mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Conclusion: Twenty-six sebaceous carcinomas out of 182 sebaceous neoplasms, occurring 

mostly on the patients' eyelids, were found. The most common sebaceous neoplasm was nevus sebaceus (n = 85); the 

prophylactic excision of this lesion was recommended as tumor degeneration was frequent (14 out of 85 cases). Epithelial 

membrane antigen (EMA) usually decorated both normal and abnormal sebocytes. It was very helpful in the detection of 

sebocytes in basaloid cells in sebaceous neoplasms and among lymphoid cells within metastasized lymph nodes and a 

discriminant between sebaceous and onsebaceousneoplasms. 

No.759 

Author (s) : Manosuthi, W., Butler, D.M., Chantratita, W., Sukasem, C., Richman, D.D., Smith, D.M. 

Title : Patients infected with HIV type 1 subtype CRF01-AE and failing first-line nevirapine- and efavirenz-based regimens 

demonstrate considerable cross-resistance to etravirine 

Source : AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, Volume 26, Issue 6, 1 June 2010, Pages 609-611 


Keywords : didanosine, efavirenz, etravirine, lamivudine, lamivudine plus stavudine, nevirapine, stavudine, tenofovir, virus 

RNA, zidovudine; clinical practice, codon, cross resistance, demography, drug efficacy, gene sequence, genetic 

analysis, genotype, highly active antiretroviral therapy, human, Human immunodeficiency virus 1, Human immunodeficiency 

virus infected patient, Human immunodeficiency virus infection, letter, priority journal, sequence analysis, Southeast 

Asia, Thailand, treatment failure, treatment outcome, viral genetics, virus gene, virus load, virus mutation, virus strain, world 

health organization; Anti-HIV Agents, Benzoxazines, Drug Resistance, Viral, HIV Infections, HIV- 

1, Humans, Nevirapine, Pyridazines, Treatment Failure 


No.760 

Author (s) : Manosuthi, W., Chetchotisakd, P., Nolen, T.L., Wallace, D., Sungkanuparph, S., Anekthananon, T., Supparatpinyo, K., Pappas, 

P.G., Larsen, R.A., Filler, S.G., Andes, D. 

Title : Monitoring and impact of fluconazole serum and cerebrospinal fluid concentration in HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitisinfected 

patients 

Source : HIV Medicine, Volume 11, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 276-281 


Keywords : Antifungal; Cryptococcosis; High dose; Pharmacokinetic; Treatment 

Abstract : Objectives:The aim of the present study was to assess fluconazole pharmacokinetic measures in serum and cerebrospinal 

fluid (CSF); and the correlation of these measures with clinical outcomes of invasive fungal infections. Methods:A randomized 

trial was conducted in HIV-infected patients receiving three different regimens of fluconazole plus amphotericin B (AmB) for 

the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis. Regimens included fluconazole 400 mg/day+AmB (AmB+Fluc400) or fluconazole 

800 mg/day+AmB (AmB+Fluc800) (14 days followed by fluconazole alone at the randomized dose for 56 days); or AmB alone 

for 14 days followed by fluconazole 400 mg/day for 56 days. Serum (at 24 h after dosing) and CSF samples were taken at 

baseline and days 14 and 70 (serum only) for fluconazole measurement, using gas-liquid chromatography. Results: Sixty-four 

treated patients had fluconazole measurements: 11 in the AmB group, 12 in the AmB+Fluc400 group and 41 in the 

AmB+Fluc800 group. Day 14 serum concentration geometric means were 24.7 mg/L for AmB+Fluc400 and 37.0 mg/L for 

AmB+Fluc800. Correspondingly, CSF concentration geometric means were 25.1 mg/L and 32.7 mg/L. Day 14 Serum and CSF 

concentrations were highly correlated with AmB+Fluc800 (P


No.761 

Author (s) : Manosuthi, W., Mankatitham, W., Lueangniyomkul, A., Prasithsirikul, W., Tantanathip, P., Suntisuklappon, B., Narkksoksung, A., 

Nilkamhang, S., Sungkanuparph, S. 

Title : Renal impairment after switching from stavudine/lamivudine to tenofovir/lamivudine in NNRTI-based antiretroviral regimens 

Source : AIDS Research and Therapy, Volume 7, 11 October 2010, Article number 37 


Keywords : creatinine, efavirenz, lamivudine, nevirapine, phosphorus, stavudine, tenofovir, tenofovir disoproxil, uric acid; 

adult, article, clinical trial, creatinine blood level, drug substitution, female, glomerulus filtration rate, human, Human 

immunodeficiency virus infection, hypophosphatemia, kidney disease, major clinical study, male, phosphate blood 

level, priority journal, prospective study, proteinuria, side effect, uric acid blood level, urinalysis 

Abstract : Background: During stavudine phase-out plan in developing countries, tenofovir is used to substitute stavudine. However, 

knowledge regarding whether there is any difference of the frequency of renal injury between tenofovir/lamivudine/efavirenz 

and tenofovir/lamivudine/nevirapine is lacking.Methods: This prospective study was conducted among HIV-infected patients 

who were switched NRTI from stavudine/lamivudine to tenofovir/lamivudine in efavirenz-based (EFV group) and nevirapinebased 

regimen (NVP group) after two years of an ongoing randomized trial. All patients were assessed for serum phosphorus, 

uric acid, creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and urinalysis at time of switching, 12 and 24 weeks.Results: 

Of 62 patients, 28 were in EFV group and 34 were in NVP group. Baseline characteristics and eGFR were not different between 

two groups. At 12 weeks, comparing mean ± SD measures between EFV group and NVP group were: phosphorus of 3.16 ± 

0.53 vs. 2.81 ± 0.42 mg/dL (P = 0.005), %patients with proteinuria were 15% vs. 38% (P = 0.050). At 24 weeks, mean ± SD 

phosphorus and median (IQR) eGFR between the corresponding groups were 3.26 ± 0.78 vs. 2.84 ± 0.47 mg/dL (P = 0.011) and 

110 (99-121) vs. 98 (83-112) mL/min (P = 0.008). In NVP group, comparing week 12 to time of switching, there was a 

decrement of phosphorus (P = 0.007) and eGFR (P = 0.034). By multivariate analysis, 'receiving nevirapine', 'old age' and 'low 

baseline serum phosphorus' were associated with hypophosphatemia at 24 weeks (P < 0.05). Receiving nevirapine and low 

baseline eGFR were associated with lower eGFR at 24 weeks (P < 0.05).Conclusion: The frequency of tenofovir-associated 

renal impairment was higher in patients receiving tenofovir/lamivudine/nevirapine compared to 

tenofovir/lamivudine/efavirenz. Further studies regarding patho-physiology are warranted. © 2010 Manosuthi et al; licensee 

BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.762 

Author (s) : Manosuthi, W., Tantanathip, P., Chimsuntorn, S., Eampokarap, B., Thongyen, S., Nilkamhang, S., Sungkanuparph, S. 

Title : Treatment outcomes of patients co-infected with HIV and tuberculosis who received a nevirapine-based antiretroviral 

regimen: A four-year prospective study 

Source : International Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 14, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages e1013-e1017 


Keywords : HIV; Nevirapine; Rifampin; Thailand; Tuberculosis 

Abstract : Background: The concurrent use of nevirapine-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) and rifampin-containing anti-tuberculosis 

regimens for the treatment of HIV and tuberculosis (TB) is common in resource-limited countries. Long-term outcomes of this 

concurrent treatment are unknown. Methods: Seventy HIV-infected patients receiving rifampin for active TB (TB group) and 70 

HIV-mono-infected patients (control group) were enrolled to receive nevirapine 400. mg/day-based ART. All were followed 

through 4 years of ART. Plasma HIV-1 RNA and CD4 cell counts were monitored every 12 weeks until 96 weeks, and every 24 

weeks thereafter. Results: Of the 140 patients, the median (interquartile range (IQR)) CD4 count was 31 (14-79) cells/mm3 and 

median (IQR) plasma HIV-1 RNA was 5.6 (5.2-5.9) log copies/ml at baseline Thirty-nine (55.7%) patients in the TB group were 

diagnosed with extrapulmonary/disseminated TB. The median duration of concurrent administration of nevirapine and 

rifampin was 5.4 (4.6-6.1) months. By intention-to-treat analysis, the percentage of patients who achieved HIV-1 RNA <50 

copies/ml was 52.9% in the TB group and 50% in control group (p=0.866; odds ratio 1.121, 95% confidence interval 0.578- 

2.176); median (IQR) CD4 counts were 352 (271-580) cells/mm3 and 425 (308-615) cells/mm3 in the corresponding groups 

(p=0.238). The proportion of ART discontinuation due to any reason at 1, 2, 3, and 4 years was 21%, 34%, 37%, and 46% in 

the TB group and 21%, 36%, 43%, and 49% in the control group, respectively (p=0.651). The 4-year mortality rate was 6.4% in 

both groups. Conclusions: Nevirapine-based ART is an option for HIV-infected patients who receive rifampin in resourcelimited 

countries or those who cannot tolerate efavirenz. © 2010 International Society for Infectious Diseases. 

279


No.763 

Author (s) : Manuskiatti, W., Siriphukpong, S., Varothai, S., Wanitphakdeedecha, R., Fitzpatrick, R.E. 

Title : Effect of pulse width of a variable square pulse (VSP) erbium:YAG laser on the treatment outcome of periorbital wrinkles in 

Asians 

Source : International Journal of Dermatology, Volume 49, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 200-206 


Keywords : adult, article, Asian, controlled study, cutaneous parameters, erbium YAG laser, esthetics, female, follow up, human, low 

level laser therapy, outcome assessment, rejuvenation, wrinkle; Adult, Esthetics, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Laser 

Therapy, Lasers, Solid-State, Middle Aged, Pain, Postoperative, Patient Satisfaction, Postoperative Care, Rejuvenation, Risk 

Assessment, Skin Aging, Thailand, Treatment Outcome 

Abstract : Background: Uses of appropriate laser parameters are essential for an optimum outcome with minimal risks of complications. 

Objective: To evaluate the effect of pulse width of a variable square pulse (VSP) Er:YAG laser on the treatment outcome. 

Methods: Twenty-four Thais with periorbital wrinkles received two treatments with a low-fluence, VSP Er:YAG laser resurfacing 

1 month apart. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups and treated with two different parameters including a pulse 

width of 0.3 ms (short pulse, SP) for one group and a pulse width of 250 ms (super-long pulse, SL) for the other group. 

Assessments were evaluated at baseline, 1-month and 3-month follow-up visits. Results: After one treatment, 63.7% and 

33.4% of the subjects in the SP and SL groups, respectively, were assessed to have obvious to marked improvement of their 

wrinkles. After two treatments, a higher percentage of the subjects were rated to have obvious to marked improvement 

including 91% and 66.7% in the SP and SL groups, respectively. There was no significant difference in therapeutic outcome 

between the SP and SL groups. Conclusions: There was no significant difference in efficacy and side effects, between the SP 

and SL groups. However, a trend toward better response with the shorter pulse width was observed. © 2010 The 

International Society of Dermatology. 

No.764 

Author (s) : Manuskiatti, W., Triwongwaranat, D., Varothai, S., Eimpunth, S., Wanitphakdeedecha, R. 

Title : Efficacy and safety of a carbon-dioxide ablative fractional resurfacing device for treatment of atrophic acne scars in Asians 

Source : Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 63, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 274-283 


Keywords : ablative fractional resurfacing; Asians; atrophic acne scars; carbon dioxide; fractional photothermolysis 

Abstract : Background: Treatment of atrophic scars with a fractional laser resurfacing technique has demonstrated favorable outcomes, 

although data on the efficacy and adverse effects of this procedure in persons with dark-skinned phototypes are limited. 

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of carbon-dioxide ablative fractional resurfacing on 

atrophic acne scars in Asian individuals. Methods: Thirteen subjects (8 female and 5 male, aged 25-52 years) with skin 

phototype IV and atrophic acne scars were treated with 3 sessions of carbon-dioxide ablative fractional resurfacing laser on an 

average of 7-week interval. Objective (ultraviolet A-light video camera) and subjective (clinical evaluation by two blinded 

dermatologists) assessments were obtained at baseline and at 1, 3, and 6 months after the final treatment. Results: At the 6month 

follow-up, 85% of the subjects were rated as having at least 25% to 50% improvement of scars. Improvement 

significantly progressed from the 1-month follow-up to the 6-month follow-up (P = .002). At 1 month after 3 treatments, 

surface smoothness (P = .03) and scar volume (P < .001) significantly improved, compared with baseline measurements. Of 

the subjects, 62% rated themselves as having at least 50% improvement in their scars. Mild postinflammatory 

hyperpigmentation was the most common adverse effect observed in 92% of the subjects or 51% of treatment sessions, and 

was completely resolved in an average of 5 weeks. Limitation: The small sample size was a study limitation. Conclusions: 

Carbon-dioxide ablative fractional resurfacing appears to be effective and well tolerated for the treatment of atrophic acne 

scars in Asians. © 2009 by the American Academy of Dermatology, Inc. 

No.765 

Author (s) : Manuyakorn, W., Direkwattanachai, C., Benjaponpitak, S., Kamchaisatian, W., Sasisakulporn, C., Teawsomboonkit, W. 

Title : Sensitivity of Turbutester and Accuhaler tester in asthmatic children and adolescents 

Source : Pediatrics International, Volume 52, Issue 1, February 2010, Pages 118-125 


Keywords : Accuhaler-tester; Childhood asthma; Dry powder inhaler; Peak inspiratory flow rate; Turbutester 

280


Abstract : Background: Dry powder inhalers (DPI) are alternative devices for delivering medication for treatment of asthma. The amount 

of drug delivery to the lungs is directly influenced by peak inspiratory flow rate (PIFR). A minimum PIFR of-30 L/min is needed 

for the Turbuhaler and Accuhaler. Methods: In order to evaluate the sensitivity of the Turbutester and Accuhaler tester in 

detecting the minimum and optimum PIFR for the Turbuhaler and Accuhaler in asthmatic children, PIFR was measured using 

the In-Check Dial through the internal resistance of the Turbuhaler and Accuhaler and compared according to the child's 

ability to make a whistle sound via both testers. Results: A total of 259 asthmatic children were studied: 20 pre-school 

children, aged 5-6 years; 174 school-age children, aged 7-12 years; and 65 adolescents, aged 13-18 years. The sensitivity of 

the Turbutester and Accuhaler tester to detect optimum PIFR were 98.40% and 97.2%, respectively. In the comparison 

among age groups, the sensitivity of the Accuhaler tester to detect optimum or minimum PIFR for the Accuhaler was 95%, 

97.7% and 95.4%, respectively. The sensitivity of the Turbutester to detect optimum PIFR for the Turbuhaler was 94.4%, 

98.8% and 98.5%, respectively. The sensitivity of the Turbutester to detect minimum PIFR for the Turbuhaler was 94.7%, 

100% and 100%, respectively. There were no significant differences in percentage of having optimum or minimum PIFR 

among asthma severity and current device usage in all age groups. Conclusions: Most children aged at least 5 years could 

generate enough PIFR to use dry powder inhaler devices. Both the Turbutester and Accuhaler tester were found to have high 

sensitivity in detecting optimum and minimum required PIFR. © 2010 Japan Pediatric Society. 

No.766 

Author (s) : Manuyakorn, A., Paulus, R., Farrell, J., Dawson, N.A., Tze, S., Cheung-Lau, G., Hines, O.J., Reber, H., Seligson, D.B., Horvath, S., 

Kurdistani, S.K., Guha, C., Dawson, D.W. 

Title : Cellular Histone Modification Patterns Predict Prognosis and Treatment Response in Resectable Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: 

Results From RTOG 9704 

Source : JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY, Volume: 28, Issue: 8, Pages: 1358-1365, DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2009.24.5639, Published: MAR 10 



Keywords : NUCLEOSIDE TRANSPORTER 1; CANCER-CELLS; THYMIDYLATE SYNTHASE; GEMCITABINE; H3; TRIMETHYLATION; 5- 

FLUOROURACIL; EXPRESSION; SURVIVAL; METHYLATION 

Abstract : Purpose Differences in cellular levels of histone modifications have predicted clinical outcome in certain cancers. Here, we 

studied the prognostic and predictive value of three histone modifications in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Methods Tissue 

microarrays (TMAs) from two pancreatic adenocarcinoma cohorts were examined, including those from a 195-patient cohort 

from Radiation Therapy Oncology Group trial RTOG 9704, a multicenter, phase III, randomized treatment trial comparing 

adjuvant gemcitabine with fluorouracil and a 140-patient cohort of patients with stage I or II cancer from University of 

California, Los Angeles Medical Center. Immunohistochemistry was performed for histone H3 lysine 4 dimethylation 

(H3K4me2), histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2), and histone H3 lysine 18 acetylation (H3K18ac). Positive tumor cell 

staining for each histone modification was used to classify patients into low-and high-staining groups, which were related to 

clinicopathologic parameters and clinical outcome measures. Results Low cellular levels of H3K4me2, H3K9me2, or H3K18ac 

were each significant and independent predictors of poor survival in univariate and multivariate models, and combined low 

levels of H3K4me2 and/or H3K18ac were the most significant predictor of overall survival (hazard ratio, 2.93; 95% Cl, 1.78 to 

4.82) in the University of California, Los Angeles cohort. In subgroup analyses, histone levels were predictive of survival 

specifically for those patients with node-negative cancer or for those patients receiving adjuvant fluorouracil, but not 

gemcitabine, in RTOG 9704. Conclusion Cellular levels of histone modifications define previously unrecognized subsets of 

patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma with distinct epigenetic phenotypes and clinical outcomes and represent prognostic 

and predictive biomarkers that could inform clinical decisions, including the use of fluorouracil chemotherapy. 

No.767 

Author (s) : Martella, S., Rietjens, M., Lohsiriwat, V., Lazzari, R., Vavassori, A., Jereczek, B.A., Lazzati, V., Leonardi, M.C., Petit, J.Y. 

Title : Acute radiation dermatitis in breast cancer: Topical therapy with vitamin E acetate in lipophilic gel base 

Source : ecancermedicalscience, Volume 4, Issue 1, 23 December 2010, Article number 190 


Keywords : Breast cancer; Radiation dermatitis; Vitamin E 

Abstract : Background: Radiotherapy can cause adverse skin reactions over the course of their treatment. Currently, management is 

based on several tropical products although there is no gold-standard approach to prevention and management of radiation 

toxicity. Method: We report our experience of vitamin E acetate in the treatment of radiation dermatitis in breast cancer 

281


patients who experienced grade 4 side effects (according to Radiation Therapy Oncology Group criteria). Results: Clinical 

management consisted of oral antibiotics and local application of vitamin E acetate and local escarectomy. All of the patients 

achieved complete re-epithelialization within 40 days. Conclusion: Skin ulceration and necrosis post-radiation may interrupt 

oncological treatment in breast cancer patients. In acute radiodermatitis with skin necrosis, we propose the use of oral 

antibiotics together with escarectomy and the application of vitamin E acetate to facilitate the healing process in order to 

minimize the interruption to the oncological treatment. © the authors; licensee ecancermedicalscience. 

No.768 

Author (s) : Martin, M., Vanichseni, S., Suntharasamai, P., Mock, P.A., van Griensven, F., Pitisuttithum, P., Tappero, J.W., Chiamwongpaet, S., 

Sangkum, U., Kitayaporn, D., Gurwith, M., Choopanya, K. 

Title : Drug use and the risk of HIV infection amongst injection drug users participating in an HIV vaccine trial in Bangkok, 1999-2003 

Source : International Journal of Drug Policy, Volume 21, Issue 4, July 2010, Pages 296-301 


Keywords : Asia; Heroin; HIV infection; HIV vaccine; Methamphetamine 

Abstract : Background: HIV spread rapidly amongst injecting drug users (IDUs) in Bangkok in the late 1980s. In recent years, changes in 

the drugs injected by IDUs have been observed. We examined data from an HIV vaccine trial conducted amongst IDUs in 

Bangkok during 1999-2003 to describe drug injection practices, drugs injected, and determine if drug use choices altered the 

risk of incident HIV infection. Methods: The AIDSVAX B/E HIV vaccine trial was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 

trial. At enrolment and every 6 months thereafter, HIV status and risk behaviour were assessed. A proportional hazards model 

was used to evaluate demographic characteristics, incarceration, drug injection practices, sexual activity, and drugs injected 

during follow-up as independent predictors of HIV infection. Results: The proportion of participants injecting drugs, sharing 

needles, and injecting daily declined from baseline to month 36. Amongst participants who injected, the proportion injecting 

heroin declined (98.6-91.9%), whilst the proportions injecting methamphetamine (16.2-19.6%) and midazolam (9.9-31.9%) 

increased. HIV incidence was highest amongst participants injecting methamphetamine, 7.1 (95% CI, 5.4-9.2) per 100 person 

years. Injecting heroin and injecting methamphetamine were independently associated with incident HIV infection. 

Conclusions: Amongst AIDSVAX B/E vaccine trial participants who injected drugs during follow-up, the proportion injecting 

heroin declined whilst the proportion injecting methamphetamine, midazolam, or combinations of these drugs increased. 

Controlling for heroin use and other risk factors, participants injecting methamphetamine were more likely to become HIVinfected 

than participants not injecting methamphetamine. Additional HIV prevention tools are urgently needed including 

tools that address methamphetamine use. © 2010. 

No.769 

Author (s) : Masa-Ah, P., Tuntawiroon, M., Soongsathitanon, S. 

Title : A novel scheme for standardized uptake value (SUV) calculation in PET scans 

Source : International Journal of Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences, Volume 4, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 291-299 


Keywords : Positron emission tomography combined computed tomography (PET/CT); Standardized uptake value (SUV); The digital 

imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) 

Abstract : This paper presents a novel scheme for Standardized Uptake Value (SUV) calculation in PET scans. The results are compared 

with the SUV taken from the well-known application software from GE healthcare. The performance of the scheme is 

evaluated by using the DICOM files taken from the widely used standard PET phantom scan. The comparison was performed 

with 2 different ROI sizes in 45 image slices and the Pearson's correlation is used. The results show that both systems are 

correlated significantly with 95% confidence. So the results ensure that his novel scheme for Standardized Uptake Value 

(SUV) calculation provides the correct SUV value. The strength of this scheme is that the interchangeability of the DICOM files 

can be done conveniently without the special application software from any vendors. 

No.770 

Author (s) : Mast, T.C., Kierstead, L., Gupta, S.B., Nikas, A.A., Kallas, E.G., Novitsky, V., Mbewe, B., Pitisuttithum, P., Schechter, M., Vardas, E., 

Wolfe, N.D., Aste-Amezaga, M., Casimiro, D.R., Coplan, P., Straus, W.L., Shiver, J.W. 

Title : International epidemiology of human pre-existing adenovirus (Ad) type-5, type-6, type-26 and type-36 neutralizing antibodies: 

Correlates of high Ad5 titers and implications for potential HIV vaccine trials 

Source : Vaccine, Volume 28, Issue 4, 22 January 2010, Pages 950-957 

282



Keywords : Adenovirus; HIV; Vaccine; Vector 

Abstract : Replication-defective adenoviruses have been utilized as candidate HIV vaccine vectors. Few studies have described the 

international epidemiology of pre-existing immunity to adenoviruses. We enrolled 1904 participants in a cross-sectional 

serological survey at seven sites in Africa, Brazil, and Thailand to assess neutralizing antibodies (NA) for adenovirus types Ad5, 

Ad6, Ad26 and Ad36. Clinical trial samples were used to assess NA titers from the US and Europe. The proportions of 

participants that were negative were 14.8% (Ad5), 31.5% (Ad6); 41.2% (Ad26) and 53.6% (Ad36). Adenovirus NA titers varied by 

geographic location and were higher in non-US and non-European settings, especially Thailand. In multivariate logistic 

regression analysis, geographic setting (non-US and non-European settings) was statistically significantly associated with having 

higher Ad5 titers; participants from Thailand had the highest odds of having high Ad5 titers (adjusted OR = 3.53, 95% CI: 2.24, 

5.57). Regardless of location, titers of Ad5NA were the highest and Ad36 NA were the lowest. Coincident Ad5/6 titers were 

lower than either Ad5 or Ad6 titers alone. Understanding pre-existing immunity to candidate vaccine vectors may contribute 

to the evaluation of vaccines in international populations. © 2009. 

No.771 

Author (s) : Matan, K., Ibuka, S., Morinaga, R., Chi, S., Lynn, J.W., Christianson, A.D., Lumsden, M.D., Sato, T.J. 

Title : Doping dependence of spin dynamics in electron-doped Ba( Fe 1-xCox)2As2 

Source : Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, Volume 82, Issue 5, 18 August 2010, Article number 054515 



Abstract : The spin dynamics in single crystal, electron-doped Ba( Fe 1-xCox)2As2 has been investigated by inelastic neutron scattering 

over the full range from undoped to the overdoped regime. We observe damped magnetic fluctuations in the normal state 

of the optimally doped compound (x=0.06) that share a remarkable similarity with those in the paramagnetic state of the 

parent compound (x=0). In the overdoped superconducting compound (x=0.14), magnetic excitations show a gaplike 

behavior, possibly related to a topological change in the hole Fermi surface (Lifshitz transition) while the imaginary part of the 

spin susceptibility χ″ prominently resembles that of the overdoped cuprates. For the heavily overdoped, 

nonsuperconducting compound (x=0.24) the magnetic scattering disappears, which could be attributed to the absence of a 

hole Fermi-surface pocket observed by photoemission. © 2010 The American Physical Society. 

No.772 

Author (s) : Matan, K., Ono, T., Fukumoto, Y., Sato, T.J., Yamaura, J., Yano, M., Morita, K., Tanaka, H. 

Title : Pinwheel valence-bond solid and triplet excitations in the two-dimensional deformed kagome lattice 

Source : Nature Physics, Volume 6, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 865-869 



Abstract : Determining ground states of correlated electron systems is fundamental to understanding unusual phenomena in 

condensed-matter physics. A difficulty, however, arises in a geometrically frustrated system in which the incompatibility 

between the global topology of an underlying lattice and local spin interactions gives rise to macroscopically degenerate 

ground states 1, potentially prompting the emergence of quantum spin states, such as resonating valence bond2-7 and 

valence-bond solid8-11 (VBS). Although theoretically proposed to exist in a kagome lattice-one of the most highly frustrated 

lattices in two dimensions being comprised of corner-sharing triangles-such quantum-fluctuation-induced states have not 

been observed experimentally. Here we report the first realization of the 'pinwheel' VBS ground state in the S=1/2 deformed 

kagome lattice antiferromagnet Rb 2 Cu 3 SnF 12 (refs 12, 13). In this system, a lattice distortion breaks the translational 

symmetry of the ideal kagome lattice and stabilizes the VBS state. © 2010 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved. 

No.773 

Author (s) : Matangkasombut, O., Wattanawaraporn, R., Tsuruda, K., Ohara, M., Sugai, M., Mongkolsuk, S. 

Title : Cytolethal distending toxin from Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans induces DNA damage, S/G2 cell cycle arrest, and 

caspase-independent death in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae model 

Source : Infection and Immunity, Volume 78, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 783-792 


283


Keywords : bacterial toxin, caspase, cytolethal distending toxin b, histone H2B, unclassified drug; Aggregatibacter 

actinomycetemcomitans, apoptosis, article, cell cycle arrest, cell cycle G2 phase, cell cycle S phase, cell death, DNA 

damage, Gram negative bacterium, homologous recombination, nonhuman, periodontitis, priority journal, protein 

expression, protein function, protein phosphorylation, Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Bacterial Toxins, Blotting, 

Western, Caspases, Cell Cycle, DNA Damage, Flow Cytometry, Gram-Negative Bacteria, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 

Abstract : Cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) is a bacterial toxin that induces G 2/M cell cycle arrest, cell distension, and/or apoptosis in 

mammalian cells. It is produced by several Gram-negative species and may contribute to their pathogenicity. The catalytic 

subunit CdtB has homology with DNase I and may act as a genotoxin. However, the mechanism by which CdtB leads to cell 

death is not yet clearly understood. Here, we used Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model to study the molecular pathways 

involved in the function of CdtB from Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, a cause of aggressive periodontitis. We show 

that A. actinomycetemcomitans CdtB (AaCdtB) expression induces S/G 2 arrest and death in a DNase-catalytic residue and 

nuclear localization-dependent manner in haploid yeasts. Yeast strains defective in homologous recombination (HR) repair, 

but not other DNA repair pathways, are hypersensitive to AaCdtB, suggesting that HR is required for survival upon CdtB 

expression. In addition, yeast does not harbor the substrate for the other activity proposed for CdtB function, which is 

phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5- triphosphate phosphatase. Thus, these results suggest that direct DNA-damaging activity alone is 

sufficient for CdtB toxicity. To investigate how CdtB induces cell death, we examined the effect of CdtB in yeast strains with 

mutations in apoptotic regulators. Our results suggest that yeast death occurs independently of the yeast metacaspase gene 

YCA1 and the apoptosis-inducing factor AIF1 but is partially dependent on histone H2B serine 10 phosphorylation. Therefore, 

we report here the evidence that AaCdtB causes DNA damage that leads to nonapoptotic death in yeast and the first 

mutation that confers resistance to CdtB. Copyright © 2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 

No.774 

Author (s) : Maude, R.J., Hassan, M.U., Ghose, A., Douthwaite, S.T., Abul Faiz, M., Dondorp, A.M. 

Title : Studies on severe Malaria are still possible and essential 

Source : Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 50, Issue 2, 15 January 2010, Pages 281-282 


Keywords : artesunate, quinine; Africa, Cambodia, clinical research, clinical trial, cost effectiveness analysis, developing country, disease 

control, disease transmission, endemic disease, human, incidence, intensive care 

unit, letter, malaria, morbidity, mortality, multicenter study, population, priority journal, Thailand, Viet Nam; 

Antimalarials, Biomedical Research, Humans, Malaria, Severity of Illness Index 


No.775 

Author (s) : Maude, R.J., Lubell, Y., Socheat, D., Yeung, S., Saralamba, S., Pongtavornpinyo, W., Cooper, B.S., Dondorp, A.M., White, N.J., 

White, L.J. 

Title : The role of mathematical modelling in guiding the science and economics of malaria elimination 

Source : International Health, Volume 2, Issue 4, December 2010, Pages 239-246 


Keywords : Control; Economic; Malaria; Mathematical modelling; Model; Policy 

Abstract : Unprecedented efforts are now underway to eliminate malaria from many regions. Despite the enormous financial resources 

committed, if malaria elimination is perceived as failing it is likely that this funding will not be sustained. It is imperative that 

methods are developed to use the limited data available to design site-specific, cost-effective elimination programmes. 

Mathematical modelling is a way of including mechanistic understanding to use available data to make predictions. Different 

strategies can be evaluated much more rapidly than is possible through trial and error in the field. Mathematical modelling 

has great potential as a tool to guide and inform current elimination efforts. Economic modelling weighs costs against 

characterised effects or predicted benefits in order to determine the most cost-efficient strategy but has traditionally used 

static models of disease not suitable for elimination. Dynamic mathematical modelling and economic modelling techniques 

need to be combined to contribute most effectively to ongoing policy discussions. We review the role of modelling in 

previous malaria control efforts as well as the unique nature of elimination and the consequent need for its explicit 

modelling, and emphasise the importance of good disease surveillance. The difficulties and complexities of economic 

evaluation of malaria control, particularly the end stages of elimination, are discussed. © 2010 Royal Society of Tropical 

Medicine and Hygiene. 

284


No.776 

Author (s) : Maude, R.J., Woodrow, C.J., White, L.J. 

Title : Artemisinin antimalarials: Preserving the "magic bullet" 

Source : Drug Development Research, Volume 71, Issue 1, February 2010, Pages 12-19 


Keywords : Antimalarial; Artemisinin; Malaria; Resistance 

Abstract : The artemisinins are the most effective antimalarial drugs known. They possess a remarkably wide therapeutic index. These 

agents have been used in traditional Chinese herbal medicine for more than 2,000 years but were not subjected to scientific 

scrutiny until the 1970s. The first formal clinical trials of the artemisinins, and the development of methods for their industrial 

scale production, followed rapidly. A decade later, Chinese scientists shared their findings with the rest of the world; since 

then, a significant body of international trial evidence has confirmed these drugs to be far superior to any available 

alternatives. In particular, they have the ability to rapidly kill a broad range of asexual parasite stages at safe concentrations 

that are consistently achievable via standard dosing regimens. As their half-life is very short, there was also thought to be a 

low risk of resistance. These discoveries coincided with the appearance and spread of resistance to all the other major classes 

of antimalarials. As a result, the artemisinins now form an essential element of recommended first-line antimalarial treatment 

regimens worldwide. To minimize the risk of artemisinin resistance, they are recommended to be used to treat 

uncomplicated malaria in combination with other antimalarials as artemisinin combination therapies (ACTs). Their rollout has 

resulted in documented reductions in malaria prevalence in a number of African and Asian countries. Unfortunately, there are 

already worrisome early signs of artemisinin resistance appearing in western Cambodia. If this resistance were to spread, it 

would be disastrous for malaria control efforts worldwide. The enormous challenge for the international community is how to 

avert this catastrophe and preserve the effectiveness of this antimalarial "magic bullet". © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 

No.777 

Author (s) : Mayurasakorn, K., Sitphahul, P., Hongto, P. 

Title : Supplement of three eggs a week improves protein malnutrition in thai children from rural areas 



Keywords : Egg supplements; Lipid profiles; Pre albumin; Protein malnutrition; Rural areas; Thai children 

Abstract : Background: Protein Malnutrition is one of the most important health indexes that affect children's growth and development. 

In Thailand National Health Survey 2004, 21.5% of primary school students living in the rural area were below the 90th 

percentile of the standard weight for age. Objective: To compare nutritional status with serum proteins and lipids, and to 

determine the effect of egg supplement for primary school students aged 6-15 years. Material and Method: A randomized 

experimental study was performed in 417 participants received an addition of either three or ten eggs per week for 12 

consecutive weeks to basal diet. Results: The anthropometric and biochemical indexes were measured, 29.1% and 20.8% of 

whom were Protein Malnutrition according to serum albumin and PreAlbumin's criteria, respectively. Albumin and PreAlbumin 

levels were positively correlated with Total Cholesterol and LDL-C levels. No difference in any biochemical index has been 

found between 3 eggs/wk group and 10 eggs/wk group. Besides, due to continuing egg supplement, Total Cholesterol, LDL 

and ratio of Total Cholesterol to HDL level have decreased (p < 0.001) but albumin, PreAlbumin and HDL levels have 

demonstrated significantly increasing levels (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Nowadays in rural areas of Thailand there are still 

primary school students with protein malnutrition especially in rural area. An addition of at least 3 eggs/wk supplements can 

effectively correct the problem of protein malnutrition among primary school students at risk as shown by biochemical 

indices, and it benefits the blood cholesterol level as well. 

No.778 

Author (s) : Mayxay, M., Keomany, S., Khanthavong, M., Souvannasing, P., Stepniewska, K., Khomthilath, T., Keola, S., Pongvongsa, T., 

Phompida, S., Ubben, D., Valecha, N., White, N.J., Newton, P.N. 

Title : A phase III, randomized, non-inferiority trial to assess the efficacy and safety of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine in comparison 

with artesunate- mefloquine in patients with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in Southern Laos 

Source : American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 83, Issue 6, December 2010, Pages 1221-1229 


285


Keywords : artesunate, artesunate lactab, artesunate plus mefloquine, dihydroartemisinin plus 

piperaquine, doxycycline, mefloquine, unclassified drug; abdominal 

pain, adolescent, adult, anemia, anorexia, article, cardiovascular symptom, chickenpox, child, clinical 

trial, coma, convulsion, coughing, dehydration, diarrhea, dizziness, drug efficacy, drug fever, drug induced headache, drug 

safety, drug treatment failure, epistaxis, female, fever, heart ventricle extrasystole, herpes 

labialis, human, hypertension, impetigo, influenza, insomnia, leukocyte count, lung, lymph node, major clinical study, malaria 

falciparum, male, multicenter study, mumps, nausea, nephrolithiasis, parasite clearance, parasitemia, phase 3 clinical 

trial, Plasmodium falciparum, preschool child, pruritus, QT prolongation, randomized controlled trial, reinfection, risk 

factor, school child, side effect, single drug dose, sinus arrhythmia, sinus bradycardia, sinus tachycardia, sore 

throat, splenomegaly, ST segment, survival, T wave, tinnitus, tonsillitis, upper respiratory tract 

infection, vertigo, vomiting, weakness; Adolescent, Adult, Antimalarials, Artemisinins, Child, Child, Preschool, Drug Therapy, 

Combination, Female, Humans, Laos, Malaria, Falciparum, Male, Mefloquine, Quinolines, Young Adult; 

Artesunate, Plasmodium falciparum 

Abstract : We conducted an open, randomized clinical trial of oral dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) versus artesunate-mefloquine 

(AM) in 300 patients in Laos with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria as part of a multicentre study in Asia. 

Survival analysis and adjustment for re-infection showed that the 63-day cure rates (95% confidence interval [CI]) were 100% 

for AM and 99.5% (96.4-99.8%) for DP. The 63-day cure rates per protocol were 99% (97 of 98) for AM and 99.5% (196 of 197) 

for DP (P = 0.55).The difference (AM minus DP) in cure rates (95% CI) was -0.5% (-5.1 to 2.0%), which is within the 5% noninferiority 

margin. The median fever and parasite clearance times were also similar for AM and DP. The proportion of patients 

with at least one recorded potential adverse event was significantly higher in the AM group (38 of 87,44%) than in the DP 

group (57 of 182, 31%) (relative risk = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.4-0.9; P = 0.04). Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine is not inferior to AM in 

the treatment of uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria in Laos and is associated with fewer adverse effects. The results of this 

study were similar to those of the larger multicentre study. Copyright © 2010 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine 

and Hygiene. 

No.779 

Author (s) : Mcgready, R., Ashley, E.A., Wuthiekanun, V., Tan, S.O., Pimanpanarak, M., Viladpai-Nguen, S.J., Jesadapanpong, W., Blacksell, 

S.D., Peacock, S.J., Paris, D.H., Day, N.P., Singhasivanon, P., White, N.J., Nosten, F. 

Title : Arthropod borne disease: The leading cause of fever in pregnancy on the thai-burmese border 

Source : PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Volume 4, Issue 11, November 2010, Article number e888 


Keywords : adolescent, adult, anorexia, arthralgia, arthropod disease, article, blood cell count, cholecystitis, chorioamnionitis, cohort 

analysis, convalescence, dengue, dizziness, dysuria, endometritis, fatality, female, fever, gastroenteritis, gestational 

age, headache, human, leptospirosis, low birth weight, major clinical study, malaria, mixed infection, myalgia, newborn 

death, prediction, pregnancy, pregnancy outcome, prenatal care, pyelonephritis, recurrent disease, respiratory tract 

infection, rickettsiosis, scrub typhus, spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, symptomatology, typhoid 

fever, typhus, animal, communicable disease, disease transmission, microbiology, Myanmar, parasite 

vector, parasitology, pregnancy complication, refugee, Thailand, virology; Adolescent, Adult, Animals, Arthropod 

Vectors, Cohort Studies, Communicable Diseases, Female, Fever, Humans, Myanmar, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, 

Infectious, Pregnancy Outcome, Refugees, Thailand, Young Adult 

Abstract : Background: Fever in pregnancy is dangerous for both mother and foetus. In the 1980's malaria was the leading cause of 

death in pregnant women in refugee camps on the Thai-Burmese border. Artemisinin combination therapy has significantly 

reduced the incidence of malaria in the population. The remaining causes of fever in pregnancy are not well documented. 

Methodology: Pregnant women attending antenatal care, where weekly screening for malaria is routine, were invited to have 

a comprehensive clinical and laboratory screen if they had fever. Women were admitted to hospital, treated and followed up 

weekly until delivery. A convalescent serum was collected on day 21. Delivery outcomes were recorded. Principal Findings: 

Febrile episodes (n = 438) occurred in 5.0% (409/8,117) of pregnant women attending antenatal clinics from 7-Jan-2004 to 17- 

May-2006. The main cause was malaria in 55.5% (227/409). A cohort of 203 (49.6% of 409) women had detailed fever 

investigations and follow up. Arthropod-borne (malaria, rickettsial infections, and dengue) and zoonotic disease (leptospirosis) 

accounted for nearly half of all febrile illnesses, 47.3% (96/203). Coinfection was observed in 3.9% (8/ 203) of women, mostly 

malaria and rickettsia. Pyelonephritis, 19.7% (40/203), was also a common cause of fever. Once malaria, pyelonephritis and 

acute respiratory illness are excluded by microscopy and/or clinical findings, one-third of the remaining febrile infections will 

286


be caused by rickettsia or leptospirosis. Scrub and murine typhus were associated with poor pregnancy outcomes including 

stillbirth and low birth weight. One woman died (no positive laboratory tests). Conclusion/Significance: Malaria remains the 

leading cause of fever in pregnancy on the Thai-Burmese border. Scrub and murine typhus were also important causes of 

fever associated with poor pregnancy outcomes. Febrile pregnant women on the Thai-Burmese border who do not have 

malaria, pyelonephritis or respiratory tract infection should be treated with azithromycin, effective for typhus and 

leptospirosis. © 2010 McGready et al. 

No.780 

Author (s) : McGready, R., Blacksell, S.D., Luksameetanasan, R., Wuthiekanun, V., Jedsadapanpong, W., Day, N.P.J., Nosten, F. 

Title : First report of an orientia tsutsugamushi type TA716-related scrub typhus infection in Thailand 

Source : Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, Volume 10, Issue 2, 1 March 2010, Pages 191-193 


Keywords : Orientia tsutsugamushi; Pregnancy; Scrub typhus; TA716 

Abstract : Orientia tsutsugamushi causes scrub typhus and is a rural zoonosis endemic in the Asia Pacific region. This is the first report of 

O. tsutsugamushi TA716-like strain in a human in Thailand. The patient was in the 1st trimester of pregnancy when she 

developed scrub typhus. The O. tsutsugamushi strain TA716 was detected from her admission blood sample, and the 

pregnancy ended in spontaneous abortion. The effects of scrub typhus in pregnant women and the pregnancy outcome are 

sparsely documented in the published medical literature. Improved clinical recognition and laboratory diagnosis will be 

essential to better define the morbidity caused by this zoonosis especially in pregnancy. © 2010, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 

No.781 

Author (s) : McGready, R., Nosten, F. 

Title : Which drug is effective and safe for acute malaria in pregnancy? Reviewing the evidence 

Source : Drug Development Research, Volume 71, Issue 1, February 2010, Pages 56-68 


Keywords : Malaria; P. falciparum; Pregnancy 

Abstract : During pregnancy, a woman living or travelling in a malaria endemic area is more at risk of contracting the disease and 

developing a severe infection and dying than a non-pregnant woman. Despite this increased morbidity and mortality in 

pregnancy, there are almost no studies on which to base recommendations on the use of antimalarial drugs in this 

vulnerable group. This is because, paradoxically, the emphasis is often put on the safety of the unborn child rather than that 

of the infested mother. As a result of this neglect, tens of thousands of pregnant women (and their fetuses) are dying every 

year of a very preventable and treatable infection. In recent years, some trials have been conducted, especially in areas of 

high resistance in Plasmodium falciparum in South East Asia. The results show that quinine plus clindamycin is the treatment 

of choice in the first trimester, while artemisinin treatment should be used in the second and third trimesters in the 

treatment of uncomplicated malaria. For severe malaria, parenteral artesunate is the treatment of choice. However these 

studies have also shown that the pharmacokinetic properties of most antimalarials are altered during gestation and that the 

doses used in non-pregnant adults are often not adapted to pregnancy. Urgent efforts are required to optimize the treatment 

of malaria in pregnancy. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 

No.782 

Author (s) : McGready, R., Wuthiekanun, V., Ashley, E.A., Tan, S.O., Pimanpanarak, M., Viladpai-nguen, S.J., Jesadapanpong, W., Blacksell, 

S.D., Proux, S., Day, N.P., Singhasivanon, P., White, N.J., Nosten, F., Peacock, S.J. 

Title : Diagnostic and treatment difficulties of pyelonephritis in pregnancy in resource-limited settings 

Source : American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 83, Issue 6, December 2010, Pages 1322-1329 


Keywords : amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid, ampicillin, artesunate, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, extended spectrum beta 

lactamase, ketone, nitrite, paracetamol, protein; adult, antibiotic sensitivity, article, bacterial count, blood cell count, blood 

culture, Citrobacter, Enterococcus, epithelium cell, Escherichia coli, female, fever, human, Klebsiella, Klebsiella 

oxytoca, leukocyte, major clinical study, malaria falciparum, microscopy, pregnancy, pregnant woman, pyelonephritis, single 

drug dose, urinary tract infection, urine culture, urine sediment; Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacteria, Drug Resistance, 

Bacterial, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Pyelonephritis, Risk Factors, Thailand; Escherichia 

coli 

287


Abstract : Limited microbiology services impede adequate diagnosis and treatment of common infections such as pyelonephritis in 

resource-limited settings. Febrile pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at Shoklo Malaria Research Unit were offered 

urine dipstick, sediment microscopy, urine culture, and a 5-mL blood culture. The incidence of pyelonephritis was 11/1,000 

deliveries (N = 53 in 4,819 pregnancies) between January 7,2004 and May 17,2006. Pyelonephritis accounted for 20.2% 

(41/203) of fever cases in pregnancy. Escherichia coli was the most commonly isolated pathogen: 87.5% (28/32) of organisms 

cultured. Susceptibility of E. coli to ampicillin (14%), cotrimoxazole (21%), and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (48%) was very low. 

E. coli was susceptible to ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin. The rate of extended spectrum β-lactamase (4.2%; 95% confidence 

interval = 0.7-19.5) was low. The rate and causes of pyelonephritis in pregnant refugee and migrant women were comparable 

with those described in developed countries. Diagnostic innovation in microbiology that permits affordable access is a high 

priority for resource-poor settings. Copyright © 2010 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 

No.783 

Author (s) : McKnight-Eily, L., Arrazola, R., Merritt, R., Malarcher, A., Sirichotiratana, N. 

Title : Prevalence and Psychosocial Correlates of Current Smoking Among Adolescent Students in Thailand, 2005 

Source : Health Education and Behavior, Volume 37, Issue 6, December 2010, Pages 863-878 


Keywords : adolescents; psychosocial factors; smoking; Thailand; tobacco 

Abstract : This article examines the prevalence of current smoking and associated psychosocial correlates and whether these correlates 

differ by sex among adolescent students in Thailand. Data were analyzed from the Thailand Global Youth Tobacco Survey 

(GYTS), a school-based, cross-sectional survey conducted in 2005 and completed by Mathayom 1, 2, and 3 (U.S. seventh 

through ninth grades) students. Weighted prevalence estimates of the percentage of students who were current smokers 

(smoked on ≥1 day during the past 30 days) and noncurrent smokers were calculated for the sample and for each 

psychosocial variable. Separate logistic regression models were calculated for males and females to examine the 

independent association of the psychosocial correlates of current smoking. Significant correlates for both males and females 

included close peer smoking, secondhand smoke exposure, being offered a free cigarette by a tobacco industry 

representative, and belief that smoking is not harmful. These correlates are examined in the context of comprehensive 

tobacco control laws in Thailand. © 2010 by SOPHE. 

No.784 

Author (s) : Meankaew, P., Kaewkungwal, J., Khamsiriwatchara, A., Khunthong, P., Singhasivanon, P., Satimai, W. 

Title : Application of mobile-technology for disease and treatment monitoring of malaria in the "Better Border Healthcare 

Programme" 



Keywords : antimalarial agent; adolescent, adult, antimicrobial therapy, article, child, chill, controlled study, data base, diarrhea, disease 

surveillance, disease transmission, drug induced headache, fatigue, female, fever, follow up, geographic information 

system, health care, health care personnel, health care utilization, health program, human, immigrant, integrated health care 

system, major clinical study, malaria, malaria control, malaria falciparum, male, medical information system, medical 

practice, medical technology, minority group, mobile phone, multidrug resistance, myalgia, outpatient department, patient 

compliance, patient monitoring, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium vivax malaria, preventive health 

service, professional practice, school child, self report, symptom, Thailand, vomiting, world health 

organization, aged, infant, Internet, methodology, middle aged, newborn, preschool child, public health service, rural 

population, statistics, telemedicine; Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cellular Phone, Child, Child, 

Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Internet, Malaria, Falciparum, Malaria, Vivax, Male, Medication 

Adherence, Middle Aged, Public Health Administration, Rural Population, Telemedicine, Thailand, Young Adult 

Abstract : Background: The main objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of integrating the use of cell-phones into a 

routine malaria prevention and control programme, to improve the management of malaria cases among an under-served 

population in a border area. The module for disease and treatment monitoring of malaria (DTMM) consisted of case 

investigation and case follow-up for treatment compliance and patients' symptoms. Methods: The module combining webbased 

and mobile technologies was developed as a proof of concept, in an attempt to replace the existing manual, paperbased 

activities that malaria staff used in treating and caring for malaria patients in the villages for which they were 

responsible. After a patient was detected and registered onto the system, case-investigation and treatment details were 

288


recorded into the malaria database. A follow-up schedule was generated, and the patient's status was updated when the 

malaria staff conducted their routine home visits, using mobile phones loaded with the follow-up application module. The 

module also generated text and graph messages for a summary of malaria cases and basic statistics, and automatically fed to 

predetermined malaria personnel for situation analysis. Following standard public-health practices, access to the patient 

database was strictly limited to authorized personnel in charge of patient case management. Results: The DTMM module was 

developed and implemented at the trial site in late November 2008, and was fully functioning in 2009. The system captured 

534 malaria patients in 2009. Compared to paper-based data in 2004-2008, the mobile-phone-based case follow-up rates by 

malaria staff improved significantly. The follow-up rates for both Thai and migrant patients were about 94-99% on Day 7 

(Plasmodium falciparum) and Day 14 (Plasmodium vivax) and maintained at 84-93% on Day 90. Adherence to anti-malarial 

drug therapy, based on self-reporting, showed high completion rate for P. falciparum-infected cases, but lower rate for P. 

vivax cases. Patients' symptoms were captured onto the mobile phone during each follow-up visit, either during the home 

visit or at Malaria Clinic; most patients had headache, muscle pain, and fatigue, and some had fever within the first follow-up 

day (day7/14) after the first anti-malarial drug dose. Conclusions: The module was successfully integrated and functioned as 

part of the malaria prevention and control programme. Despite the bias inherent in sensitizing malaria workers to perform 

active case follow-up using the mobile device, the study proved for its feasibility and the extent to which community 

healthcare personnel in the low resource settings could potentially utilize it efficiently to perform routine duties, even in 

remote areas. The DTMM has been modified and is currently functioning in seven provinces in a project supported by the 

WHO and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, to contain multi-drug resistant malaria on the Thai-Cambodian border. © 2010 

Meankaew et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.785 

Author (s) : Medana, I.M., Day, N.P.J., Roberts, R., Sachanonta, N., Turley, H., Pongponratn, E., Hien, T.T., White, N.J., Turner, G.D.H. 

Title : Induction of the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway in the brain of adults with fatal falciparum malaria is a nonspecific 

response to severe disease 

Source : Histopathology, Volume 57, Issue 2, August 2010, Pages 282-294 


Keywords : cerebral; hypoxia; immunohistochemistry; malaria; pathophysiology; Plasmodium falciparum 

Abstract : Aims: Pathological or neuroprotective mechanisms in the brain in severe malaria may arise from microvascular obstruction 

with malaria-parasitized erythrocytes. This study aimed to investigate the role of hypoxia and induction of the vascular 

endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway in the neuropathophysiology of severe malaria. Methods and results: 

Immunohistochemistry was performed on post mortem brain tissue sections from 20 cases of severe malaria and examined 

for the expression of transcriptional regulators of VEGF [hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1), HIF-2], DEC-1, VEGF, VEGF 

receptors 1 and 2, and the activated, phosphorylated VEGF receptor 2 (pKDR). HIFs showed limited protein expression andor 

translocation to cell nuclei in severe malaria, but DEC-1, which is more stable and regulated by HIF-1, was observed. There 

was heterogeneous expression of VEGF and its receptors in severe malaria and non-malarial disease controls. pKDR expression 

on vessels was greater in malaria cases than in controls but did not correlate with parasite sequestration. VEGF uptake by 

malaria parasites was observed. Conclusions: VEGF and its receptor expression levels in severe malaria reflect a non-specific 

response to severe systemic disease. Potential manipulation of events at the vasculature by the parasite requires further 

investigation. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Limited. 

No.786 

Author (s) : Meechonkit, P., Kovitvadhi, U., Chatchavalvanich, K., Sretarugsa, P., Weerachatyanukul, W. 

Title : Localization of serotonin in neuronal ganglia of the freshwater pearl mussel, Hyriopsis (Hyriopsis) bialata 

Source : Journal of Molluscan Studies, Volume 76, Issue 3, August 2010, Pages 267-274 


Keywords : bivalve, endocrine disruptor, larva, neurology, organic compound, physiological response, survival; 

Bivalvia, Hyriopsis, Pyrus, Unionidae 

Abstract : We investigated the histological features of neuronal ganglia and the localization of serotonin in the unionid mussel Hyriopsis 

(Hyriopsis) bialata in Thailand. The long-term goal of this study is to apply endocrine manipulation to enhance the 

synchronous release of larvae for in vitro culture of this freshwater mussel and to increase larval survival during settlement. 

Unlike the case in other bivalves, the cerebropleural ganglia in H. bialata were completely fused to form a single pear-shaped 

structure, and the pedal ganglia were situated within the visceral mass rather than in the foot. In all three ganglia of this 

289


mussel, the neuronal cell bodies were clustered at the periphery of the ganglia, and the nerve fibres were bundled in the 

central region. Of the three types of cells present in the ganglia, the large neurons were the only ones to stain with 

paraldehyde fuchsin, indicating a neurosecretory function. These same neurons were also intensely reactive with antiserotonin, 

demonstrating their dual function. An intense staining of anti-serotonin was also observed in the nerve fibres and 

termini, particularly in the visceral ganglia. This suggests that serotonin may be conveyed from the large neurons within the 

visceral ganglion via an axonal route to reach the target reproductive organs, one of which is the demibranch, to stimulate 

larval release in this mussel. © The Author 2010. 

No.787 

Author (s) : Meemon, K., Khawsuk, W., Sriburee, S., Meepool, A., Sethadavit, M., Sansri, V., Wanichanon, C., Sobhon, P. 

Title : Fasciola gigantica: Histology of the digestive tract and the expression of cathepsin L 

Source : Experimental Parasitology, Volume 125, Issue 4, August 2010, Pages 371-379 


Keywords : Cathepsin L; Digestive tract; Expression; Fasciola gigantica; Histology; Immunofluorescence; Immunogold; In situ 

hybridization; Trematode 

Abstract : The digestive tract of Fasciola gigantica is composed of the oral sucker, buccal tube, pharynx, esophagus, and caecum. The 

tegumental-type epithelium lines the first four parts of the digestive tract while the caecal-type epithelium lines the 

remaining parts from the caecal bifurcation. The caecal-epithelial cells are classified into 3 types according to their staining 

properties and ultrastructural characteristics, as related to the amount of food contents in the caecal lumen. All caecal-type 

epithelial cells synthesize and secrete cathepsin L, a major group of enzymes in the digestive tract, as detected by in situ 

hybridization and immunolocalization. Moreover, the secreted cathepsin L is also adsorbed on the outer surface of the 

tegument and the glycocalyx coating of the surface of the tegument, whereas the tegumental cells and tegumental 

syncytium covering the parasite's body and lining the proximal part of the digestive tract exhibit no in situ hybridization signal 

and immunostaining for cathepsin L. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. 

No.788 

Author (s) : Meksiri, S., Vichienchom, K., Wilairat, D. 

Title : A 1 GHz CMOS analog equalizer for perpendicular magnetic recording 

Source : IEEE Region 10 Annual International Conference, Proceedings/TENCON, 2010, Article number 5686144, Pages 1521-1524 


Keywords : Analog signal processing; CMOS analog circuit; Discrete-time equalizer; FIR; Perpendicular magnetic recording 

Abstract : This paper describes the design of a CMOS analog discrete-time equalizer for perpendicular magnetic recording (PMR) read 

channel. In this design the structure of analog FIR filter that places rotating switch matrix between DAC and multiplier has 

been proposed. It reduces an accumulative switching error in analog samples due to rotating switch matrix. A 7-tap filter 

circuit based on GPR2 target was designed and simulated using TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS process parameters. Simulation results 

show good agreement with the results of the system level simulation. At 1 GHz sampling frequency the equalizer dissipates 

1.5 mW. ©2010 IEEE. 

No.789 

Author (s) : Menakongka, A., Suthiphongchai, T. 

Title : Involvement of PI3K and ERK1/2 pathways in hepatocyte growth factor-induced cholangiocarcinoma cell invasion 

Source : World Journal of Gastroenterology, Volume 16, Issue 6, 14 February 2010, Pages 713-722 


Keywords : Cholangiocarcinoma; Extracellular signal-regulated kinase; Hepatocyte growth factor; Invasion; Phosphoinositide 3-kinase 

Abstract : AIM: To investigate the role of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cell invasiveness and the 

mechanisms underlying such cellular responses. METHODS: Effects of HGF on cell invasion and motility were investigated in 

two human CCA cell lines, HuCCA-1 and KKU-M213, using Transwell in vitro assay. Levels of proteins of interest and their 

phosphorylated forms were determined by Western blotting. Localization of E-cadherin was analyzed by 

immunofluorescence staining and visualized under confocal microscope. Activities of matrix degrading enzymes were 

determined by zymography. RESULTS: Both CCA cell lines expressed higher Met levels than the H69 immortalized 

cholangiocyte cell line. HGF induced invasion and motility of the cell lines and altered E-cadherin from membrane to 

cytoplasm localization, but did not affect the levels of secreted matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9 and urokinase 

290


plasminogen activator, key matrix degrading enzymes involved in cell invasion. Concomitantly, HGF stimulated Akt and 

extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 phosphorylation but with slightly different kinetic profiles in the two cell lines. 

Inhibition of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway by the PI3K inhibitor, LY294002, markedly suppressed HGFstimulated 

invasion of both CCA cell lines, and inhibition of the ERK pathway by U0126 suppressed HGF-induced invasion of 

the KKU-M213 cell line but had a moderate effect on HuCCA-1 cells. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that HGF promotes 

CCA cell invasiveness through dys-localization of E-cadherin and induction of cell motility by distinct signaling pathways 

depending on cell line type. © 2010 Baishideng. All rights reserved. 

No.790 

Author (s) : Meng, X., Tancharoen, S., Kawahara, K.-I., Nawa, Y., Taniguchi, S., Hashiguchi, T., Maruyama, I. 

Title : 1,5-Anhydroglucitol attenuates cytokine release and protects mice with type 2 diabetes from inflammatory reactions 

Source : International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology, Volume 23, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 105-119 


Keywords : 1,5-Anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG); NF-κB; Proinflammatory cytokine; Type 2 diabetes 

Abstract : 1,5-anhydrogIucitol (1,5-AG) decreases in diabetic patients and is used as a marker of glycemic control. Type 2 diabetic 

patients are susceptibile to lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which stimulate macrophages to release large quantities of tumor 

necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6. This study examines the effects of 1,5-AG on lung inflammation induced by LPS 

and consequent systemic inflammation to determine whether the decrease of 1,5-AG concentration induces susceptibility to 

LPS. Before the challenge with LPS (1 mg/kg in vivo and 500 ng/ml in vitro), we pretreated db/db mice and RAW264.7 cells 

with 1,5-AG at 38.5 mg/kg and 500 μg/mI, respectively. The levels of IL-6, TNF-α, macrophage chemoattractant protein 

(MCP)-1 and IL-1β in the serum and in the cell supernatants were measured. We also measured macrophage recruitment and 

the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in pulmonary tissues. We found that 1,5-AG attenuated serum 

cytokine release and protected db/db mice from LPS-induced pulmonary inflammation. In addition, 1,5-AG suppressed 

cytokine release and iNOS expression by suppressing Akt/NF-κB activity in RAW264.7 cells. These results suggest that 1,5-AG 

may be a mediator in, as well as marker for diabetes, and 1,5-AG intake may confer tolerance to LPS in patients with type 2 

diabetes. © by Biolife, s.a.s. 

No.791 

Author (s) : Mensing, J.P., Lomas, T., Kerdcharoen, T., Tuantranonta, A. 

Title : Inkjet-printed optical gas sensor based on metallo-phthalocyanine layers 




Keywords : Absorbances, Analytes, Different solvents, Dynamic gas flow, Ink jet, Ink systems, Iso-propanols, Optical gas sensors, Printing 

performance, Solvent mixtures; Acetone, Information technology, Ink, Nitrogen compounds, Printing, Sensors, Surface active 

agents; Optical properties 

Abstract : Copper(II)-2,9,16,23-tetra-tertbutyl-29H,31H-phthalocyanine (CuTTBPc) containing inks based on different solvents and solvent 

mixtures are prepared. Surfactant and different polymers have been added to the ink systems in order to optimize the 

printing performance. Printability and printing performance have been evaluated. Furthermore the optical properties, namely 

absorbance in the UV/Vis range, of the printed films have been investigated in order to assess the applicability of ink jet 

printed phthalocyanine thin-films as transducers for optical sensors. Basic sensing experiments were performed under 

dynamic gas flow conditions, employing acetone and isopropanol as analytes. 

No.792 

Author (s) : Methasate, A., Trakarnsanga, A., Akaraviputh, T., Chinsawangwathanakol, V., Lohsiriwat, D. 

Title : Lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer: Result of D2 dissection 



Keywords : D2 dissection; Gastrectomy; Gastric cancer 

Abstract : Background: Extent of lymph node dissection still remains one of the most controversial issues regarding radical gastrectomy. 

Knowledge of the pattern and incidence of lymph node metastasis may help to define the optimal extent of lymph node 

dissection. Material and Method: The authors analyzed lymph node metastasis and survival rate in 130 consecutive gastric 

291


cancer patients who underwent radical gastrectomy with D2 dissection between June 2001 and October, 2008 at the 

Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand. Results: For N staging, 28.5% of the 

patients were N0 while N1 was 40% and N2 was 31.5%. 44% of the patients with lymph node positive had metastasis up to 

group 2 lymph nodes. The patients with node positive had 5 year survival of 39% while the patients with node negative had 

survival of 73% (p = 0.003). Tumor at the middle part of the stomach had the most widespread lymph node metastasis 

compared to other regions. Lymph node group 7, 8 and 9 had a high incidence of lymph node metastasis especially for distal 

cancer while lymph node group 10, 11, 12 had lower incidence of metastasis. No mortality was seen in the present study. 

Conclusion: N staging, number of metastatic node > 5 and angiolymphatic invasion were the lymph node related factors 

contributing to survival. For radical gastrectomy, D2 dissection is required for adequate clearance of metastatic lymph nodes, 

which can be done without mortality. 

No.793 

Author (s) : Methasate, A., Trakarnsanga, A., Akaraviputh, T., Chinsawangwathanakol, V., Lohsiriwat, D. 

Title : Radical esophagectomy for esophageal cancer: Results in Thai patients 



Keywords : Esophageal cancer; Lymph node dissection; Radical esophagectomy 

Abstract : Background: Radical esophagectomy was reported to have prolonged survival in patients with esophageal cancer. However, it 

is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Controversy still exists regarding value of radical esophagectomy. Material and 

Method: The authors analyzed the results, including complications and survival in 68 consecutive patients with esophageal 

cancer who were treated with transthoracic radical esophagectomy at the Department of Surgery, Siriraj hospital, Mahidol 

University between June 2002 and June 2008. Results: There were 57 males and eight females with a mean age of 59.28 + 

11.25 years. Regarding T staging, 81.5% of the patients were in T3 stage while 1.5% of the patients had T1 stage, 15.4% had 

T2 stage, and 1.5% had T4 stage. Lymph node metastasis (N1) was found in 63.1% of the patients and N0 was in 36.9%. Most 

of the patients were in advanced stages with 53.8% in stage III, 44.6% in stage II, and 1.5% in stage I. The 5-year survival rate 

of the patients with node positive was significantly lower than the patients with node negative (p = 0.018). The survival was 

significantly better in stage II compared to stage III (p = 0.012). Overall 5-year survival rate was 28.5%. Most common 

complications were from pulmonary causes (22.1%), anastomotic leakage (8.8%), and wound infection (8.8%). Mortality rate 

was 4.41%. Conclusion: Radical esophagectomy was associated with relatively low mortality and acceptable survival. It should 

be considered in surgical treatment of patients with esophageal cancer. 

No.794 

Author (s) : Millet, Y.A., Danna, C.H., Clay, N.K., Songnuan, W., Simon, M.D., Werck-Reichhart, D., Ausubel, F.M. 

Title : Innate immune responses activated in Arabidopsis roots by microbe-associated molecular patterns 

Source : Plant Cell, Volume 22, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 973-990 


Keywords : Arabidopsis protein, callose, camalexin, chitin, cyclopentane derivative, cytochrome P450, ethylene, ethylene 

derivative, glucan, glycosidase, indole derivative, jasmonic acid, oxylipin, PEN2 protein, Arabidopsis, peptidoglycan, plant 

RNA, salicylic acid, thiazole derivative; Arabidopsis, article, flagellum, genetics, host pathogen 

interaction, immunology, metabolism, plant root, Pseudomonas, signal transduction, transgenic plant; Arabidopsis, Arabidopsis 

Proteins, Chitin, Cyclopentanes, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System, Ethylenes, Flagella, Glucans, Host-Pathogen 

Interactions, Indoles, N-Glycosyl Hydrolases, Oxylipins, Peptidoglycan, Plant Roots, Plants, Genetically 

Modified, Pseudomonas, RNA, Plant, Salicylic Acid, Signal Transduction, Thiazoles; Arabidopsis, Arabidopsis 

thaliana, Pseudomonas syringae 

Abstract : Despite the fact that roots are the organs most subject to microbial interactions, very little is known about the response of 

roots to microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). By monitoring transcriptional activation of b-glucuronidase reporters 

and MAMP-elicited callose deposition, we show that three MAMPs, the flagellar peptide Flg22, peptidoglycan, and chitin, 

trigger a strong tissue-specific response in Arabidopsis thaliana roots, either at the elongation zone for Flg22 and 

peptidoglycan or in the mature parts of the roots for chitin. Ethylene signaling, the 4-methoxy-indole-3-ylmethylglucosinolate 

biosynthetic pathway, and the PEN2 myrosinase, but not salicylic acid or jasmonic acid signaling, play major roles in this 

MAMP response. We also show that Flg22 induces the cytochrome P450 CYP71A12-dependent exudation of the phytoalexin 

camalexin by Arabidopsis roots. The phytotoxin coronatine, an Ile-jasmonic acid mimic produced by Pseudomonas syringae 

292


pathovars, suppresses MAMP-activated responses in the roots. This suppression requires the E3 ubiquitin ligase COI1 as well as 

the transcription factor JIN1/MYC2 but does not rely on salicylic acid-jasmonic acid antagonism. These experiments 

demonstrate the presence of highly orchestrated and tissue-specific MAMP responses in roots and potential pathogenencoded 

mechanisms to block these MAMP-elicited signaling pathways. © 2010 American Society of Plant Biologists. 

No.795 

Author (s) : Minami, A., Chaicumpa, W., Chongsa-Nguan, M., Samosornsuk, S., Monden, S., Takeshi, K., Makino, S.-i., Kawamoto, K. 

Title : Prevalence of foodborne pathogens in open markets and supermarkets in Thailand 

Source : Food Control, Volume 21, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 221-226 


Keywords : Foodborne pathogens distribution; Listeria monocytogenes; Retail market contamination; Salmonella; Thailand 

Abstract : This study was conducted in Thailand (Bangkok and Pathum Thani provinces), from June 2006 to July 2007, in order to assess 

the prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157, Salmonella, Shigella and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in foods. 

Retail raw meats and seafood, including chicken (n = 109), pork (n = 80), beef (n = 108), shrimp (n = 43) and oysters (n = 48), 

from open markets and supermarkets were analyzed. Salmonella was found in 22 of 61 (36%) open market samples (48% of 

chicken, none of pork and beef, and 53% of shrimp) and in 12 of 75 (16%) samples from supermarkets (57%, 12%, 24%, 0% 

respectively). However, a small number of L. monocytogenes were isolated, where 6 of 217 (3%) were samples from open 

markets (6% of chicken and 3% of pork) and 17 of 171 (10%) were from supermarkets (3% of beef, 4% of chicken, and 32% of 

pork). In both markets, L. monocytogenes was not detected from shrimps, neither from oysters. E. coli O157, Shigella and 

tdh-positive V. parahaemolyticus were not isolated in this collection. Several Salmonella and L. monocytogenes isolates were 

multidrug-resistant. Both markets would need better assessment, since multidrug-resistant strains have been isolated and 

they may lead to therapeutic failure. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.796 

Author (s) : Mingkumlert, S., Vanasant, T., Limroongreungrat, W., Chanchaiyakul, R., Wang, Y.T. 

Title : Effect Of Core Strength And Stability Training On The X-factor Stretch In Amateur Golfers 






No.797 

Author (s) : Mingthong, P., Veerasai, W., Aeimbhu, A. 

Title : Fabrication of titanium oxide nanotube arrays on titanium implants: The effect of electrolytes conditions 

Source : IFMBE Proceedings, Volume 31 IFMBE, 2010, Pages 1208-1211 


Keywords : Anodic oxidation; Biomaterial; Titanium; Titanium oxide nanotubes 

Abstract : The primary aim of this study is to observe the influence of an applied voltages and a concentration of electrolyte on anodic 

oxide layer properties such as morphology, wettability and microstructural. First, sample was anodised under different 

voltages ranging from 10-40 volts in 0.1M H2SO 4/0.075wt% HF. Anodised samples were characterised by Scanning Electron 

Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction technique (XRD). It was observed that an applied voltage at 20 volts, an 

interconnected pore network can be fabricated. Second, sample was prepared in 0.1M H2SO4 with the concentration of HF 

range from 0.075 -0.5 wt% at the applied potential of 20 volts. Based on experimental results, the microstructure of anodic 

oxide layers depends strongly on the formation potential and the HF concentration. Nanopores can be formed under a range 

of experimental conditions. Moreover, it was found that titanium oxide nanotube arrays are formed in 0.1M H2SO4/0.4wt% 

HF. XRD patterns of anodised samples showed the tubes crystallised in a coexistent of titanium and titanium oxide phases. 

The anodised surfaces are more hydrophobic than the untreated surface. © 2010 International Federation for Medical and 

Biological Engineering. 

No.798 

Author (s) : Miotto, O., Heiny, A.T., Albrecht, R., García-Sastre, A., Tan, T.W., August, J.T., Brusic, V. 

293


Title : Complete-proteome mapping of human influenza A adaptive mutations: Implications for human transmissibility of zoonotic 

strains 

Source : PLoS ONE, Volume 5, Issue 2, 3 February 2010, Article number e9025 


Keywords : hemagglutinin, ribonucleoprotein, proteome, virus protein; amino acid sequence, article, comparative study, controlled 

study, Influenza virus A H5N1, nonhuman, virus isolation, virus mutation, virus strain, adaptation, animal, avian 

influenza, bird, classification, disease transmission, genetics, horse, human, influenza, Influenza virus 

A, metabolism, methodology, molecular genetics, mutation, orthomyxovirus infection, protein 

database, proteomics, sequence homology, swine, time, virology, zoonosis; Aves, Influenza A virus, Suidae; Adaptation, 

Physiological, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Birds, Databases, Protein, Horses, Humans, Influenza A virus, Influenza A Virus, 

H5N1 Subtype, Influenza in Birds, Influenza, Human, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutation, Orthomyxoviridae 

Infections, Proteome, Proteomics, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Swine, Time Factors, Viral Proteins, Zoonoses 

Abstract : Background: There is widespread concern that H5N1 avian influenza A viruses will emerge as a pandemic threat, if they 

become capable of human-to-human (H2H) transmission. Avian strains lack this capability, which suggests that it requires 

important adaptive mutations. We performed a large-scale comparative analysis of proteins from avian and human strains, to 

produce a catalogue of mutations associated with H2H transmissibility, and to detect their presence in avian isolates. 

Methodology/Principal Findings:We constructed a dataset of influenza A protein sequences from 92,343 public database 

records. Human and avian sequence subsets were compared, using a method based on mutual information, to identify 

characteristic sites where human isolates present conserved mutations. The resulting catalogue comprises 68 characteristic 

sites in eight internal proteins. Subtype variability prevented the identification of adaptive mutations in the hemagglutinin and 

neuraminidase proteins. The high number of sites in the ribonucleoprotein complex suggests interdependence between 

mutations in multiple proteins. Characteristic sites are often clustered within known functional regions, suggesting their 

functional roles in cellular processes. By isolating and concatenating characteristic site residues, we defined adaptation 

signatures, which summarize the adaptive potential of specific isolates. Most adaptive mutations emerged within three 

decades after the 1918 pandemic, and have remained remarkably stable thereafter. Two lineages with stable internal protein 

constellations have circulated among humans without reassorting. On the contrary, H5N1 avian and swine viruses reassort 

frequently, causing both gains and losses of adaptive mutations. Conclusions: Human host adaptation appears to be complex 

and systemic, involving nearly all influenza proteins. Adaptation signatures suggest that the ability of H5N1 strains to infect 

humans is related to the presence of an unusually high number of adaptive mutations. However, these mutations appear 

unstable, suggesting low pandemic potential of H5N1 in its current form. In addition, adaptation signatures indicate that 

pandemic H1N1/09 strain possesses multiple human-transmissibility mutations, though not an unusually high number with 

respect to swine strains that infected humans in the past. Adaptation signatures provide a novel tool for identifying zoonotic 

strains with the potential to infect humans. © 2010 Miotto et al. 

No.799 

Author (s) : Miriyala, S., Thipakkom, C., Xu, Y., Prachayasittikul, V., Noel, T., St Clair, D. 

Title : 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal Mediates AIFm2 Release from Mitochondria: An Insight into the Mechanism of Oxidative Stress Mediated 

Retrograde Signaling 

Source : FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, Volume: 49, Supplement: 1, Pages: S170-S170, DOI: 

10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.10.482, Published: 2010 




No.800 

Author (s) : Mischak, H., Kolch, W., Aivaliotis, M., Bouyssie, D., Court, M., Dihazi, H., Dihazi, GH., Franke, J., Garin, J., de Peredo, AG., Iphofer, 

A., Jansch, L., Lacroix, C., Makridakis, M., Masselon, C., Metzger, J., Monsarrat, B., Mrug, M., Norling, M., Novak, J., Pich, A., Pitt, 

A., Bongcam-Rudloff, E., Siwy, J., Suzuki, H., Thongboonkerd, V., Wang, LS., Zoidakis, J., Zurbig, P., Schanstra, JP., Vlahou, A. 

Title : Comprehensive human urine standards for comparability and standardization in clinical proteome analysis 

Source : PROTEOMICS CLINICAL APPLICATIONS, Volume: 4, Issue: 4, Pages: 464-478, DOI: 10.1002/prca.200900189, Published: APR 



294


Keywords : Clinical proteomics; Proteome; Standard; Urine 

Abstract : Purpose: Urine proteomics is emerging as a powerful tool for biomarker discovery. The purpose of this study is the 

development of a well-characterized "real life" sample that can be used as reference standard in urine clinical proteomics 

studies. Experimental design: We report on the generation of male and female urine samples that are extensively 

characterized by different platforms and methods (CE-MS, LC-MS, LC-MS/MS, 1-D gel analysis in combination with nano-LC 

MS/MS (using LTQ-FT ultra), and 2-DE-MS) for their proteome and peptidome. In several cases analysis involved a definition of 

the actual biochemical entities, i.e. proteins/peptides associated with molecular mass and detected PTMs and the relative 

abundance of these compounds. Results: The combination of different technologies allowed coverage of a wide mass range 

revealing the advantages and complementarities of the different technologies. Application of these samples in "interlaboratory" 

and "inter-platform" data comparison is also demonstrated. Conclusions and clinical relevance: These wellcharacterized 

urine samples are freely available upon request to enable data comparison especially in the context of 

biomarker discovery and validation studies. It is also expected that they will provide the basis for the comprehensive 

characterization of the urinary proteome. 

No.801 

Author (s) : Mitrevski, B.S., Wilairat, P., Marriott, P.J. 

Title : Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography improves separation and identification of anabolic agents in doping 

control 

Source : Journal of Chromatography A, Volume 1217, Issue 1, 1 January 2010, Pages 127-135 


Keywords : Anabolic agents; Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography; Doping control; Full scan analysis; GC × 

GC; Similarity matching; Time-of-flight mass spectrometry 

Abstract : The application of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × 

GC-TOFMS) for the analysis of six anabolic agents (AAs) in doping control is investigated in this work. A non-polar-polar 

column configuration with 0.2 μm film thickness (df) second dimension (2D) column was employed, offering much better 

spread of the components on 2D when compared to the alternative 0.1 μm df2D column. The proposed method was tested 

on the "key" AA that the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) had listed at the low ng mL-1 levels (clenbuterol, 19norandrosterone, 

epimethendiol, 17α-methyl-5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol, 17α-methyl-5β-androstane-3α,17β-diol and 3′- 

OH-stanozolol). The compounds were spiked in a blank urine extract obtained by solid-phase extraction, hydrolysis and 

liquid-liquid extraction; prior to analysis they were converted to the corresponding trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives. The limit 

of detection (LOD) was below or equal to the minimum required performance limit (MRPL) of 2 ng mL-1 defined by WADA, 

and the correlation coefficient was in the range from 0.995 to 0.999. The method allows choosing an ion from the full mass 

spectra which shows the least interference from the matrix and/or the best sensitivity; this can only be done if full scan mass 

spectral data are available. The advantage of GC × GC over classical one-dimensional GC (1D GC), in terms of separation 

efficiency and sensitivity, is demonstrated on a positive urine control sample at a concentration of 5 ng mL-1. The obtained 

similarity to the in-house created TOFMS spectra library at this level of concentration was in the range from 822 to 932 (on 

the scale from 0 to 999). Since full mass spectral information are recorded, the method allows the retro-search of non-target 

compounds or new "designer steroids", which cannot be detected with established GC-MS methods that use selected ion 

monitoring (SIM) mode. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.802 

Author (s) : Mitrevski, B.S., Wilairat, P., Marriott, P.J. 

Title : Evaluation of World Anti-Doping Agency criteria for anabolic agent analysis by using comprehensive two-dimensional gas 

chromatography-mass spectrometry 

Source : Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Volume 396, Issue 7, April 2010, Pages 2503-2511 


Keywords : Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS); Deconvolution; GC×GC; Relative abundance ratio; Tolerance window; WADA criteria 

Abstract : This work presents the validation study of the comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC)-time-of-flight 

mass spectrometry method performance in the analysis of the key World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) anabolic agents in 

doping control. The relative abundance ratio, retention time, identification and other method performance criteria have been 

tested in the GC×GC format to confirm that they comply with those set by WADA. Furthermore, tens of other components 

were identified with an average similarity of >920 (on the 0-999 scale), including 10 other endogenous sterols, and full mass 

295


spectra of 5,000+ compounds were retained. The testosterone/epitestosterone ratio was obtained from the same run. A new 

dimension in doping analysis has been implemented by addressing separation improvement. Instead of increasing the 

method sensitivity, which is accompanied by making the detector increasingly "blind" to the matrix (as represented by 

selected ion monitoring mode, high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) and tandem MS), the method capabilities have been 

improved by adding a new "separation" dimension while retaining full mass spectral scan information. Apart from the 

requirement for the mass spectral domain that a minimum of three diagnostic ions with relative abundance of 5% or higher in 

the MS spectra, all other WADA criteria are satisfied by GC×GC operation. The minimum of three diagnostic ions arises from 

the need to add some degree of specificity to the acquired mass spectrometry data; however, under the proposed full MS 

scan method, the high MS similarity to the reference compounds offers more than the required three diagnostic ions for an 

unambiguous identification. This should be viewed as an extension of the present criteria to a full-scan MS method. © 2010 


No.803 

Author (s) : Mitrpanont, J.L., Fugkeaw, S., Pachimkul, T., Sawangphol, W. 

Title : Designing intelligent Web-based e-learning based on Web 2.0 and agents-based model 

Source : Proceedings of the IADIS International Conference e-Learning 2010, Part of the IADIS Multi Conference on Computer Science 

and Information Systems 2010, MCCSIS 2010, Volume 2, 2010, Pages 130-134 


Keywords : Agents; E-learning web-based design; Web 2.0; Web service 

Abstract : In this paper, we propose the E-Learning Web-based Design Model based on Web Service and Web 2.0 model, extending 

Moodle open software to construct additional supporting features of e-Learning system. The basic features of Moodle are 

adopted and extended to support advanced functions of the e-learning. To this end, Web 2.0 renders social network features 

and provides a promising channel to students, instructors, and administrators. Therefore, the customized Moodle system and 

Web 2.0 E-learning are integrated to provide a more accessible and fine-grained design of E-Learning system. To handle the 

multiple users using several services, we apply agents system to serve the tasks of each service cooperatively. In addition, we 

accommodate user feedback management (UFM) function to improve the maintenance process and the functionality of e- 

Learning system by allowing users to propose any ideas about their view on the E-learning system they want via the social 

networking channel. To incorporate the feedback and requirements from users, such information is retained and analyzed to 

generate the recommendation profiles which will be used for further improvement of design and performance of the system. 

© 2010 IADIS. 

No.804 

Author (s) : Modchang, C., Nadkarni, S., Bartol, T.M., Triampo, W., Sejnowski, T.J., Levine, H., Rappel, W.-J. 

Title : A comparison of deterministic and stochastic simulations of neuronal vesicle release models 

Source : Physical Biology, Volume 7, Issue 2, 2010, Article number 026008 


Keywords : calcium; algorithm, article, biological model, comparative study, computer simulation, metabolism, Monte Carlo 

method, nerve cell, statistics, synapse; Algorithms, Calcium, Computer Simulation, Models, Neurological, Monte Carlo 

Method, Neurons, Stochastic Processes, Synapses 

Abstract : We study the calcium-induced vesicle release into the synaptic cleft using a deterministic algorithm and MCell, a Monte Carlo 

algorithm that tracks individual molecules. We compare the average vesicle release probability obtained using both 

algorithms and investigate the effect of the three main sources of noise: diffusion, sensor kinetics and fluctuations from the 

voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs). We find that the stochastic opening kinetics of the VDCCs are the main 

contributors to differences in the release probability. Our results show that the deterministic calculations lead to reliable 

results, with an error of less than 20%, when the sensor is located at least 50 nm from the VDCCs, corresponding to 

microdomain signaling. For smaller distances, i.e. nanodomain signaling, the error becomes larger and a stochastic algorithm is 

necessary. © 2010 IOP Publishing Ltd. 

No.805 

Author (s) : Modhiran, N., Kalayanarooj, S., Ubol, S. 

Title : Subversion of innate defenses by the interplay between DENV and pre-existing enhancing antibodies: TLRs signaling collapse 

Source : PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Volume 4, Issue 12, December 2010, Article number e924, Pages 1-12 

296



Keywords : beta interferon, Fc receptor, Fc receptor IIa, immunoglobulin enhancer binding protein, myeloid differentiation factor 88, toll 

like receptor, virus antibody; antigen antibody complex, article, child, controlled study, cytokine production, dengue, Dengue 

virus, down regulation, gene expression regulation, human, human cell, immunoblotting, innate 

immunity, nonhuman, peripheral blood mononuclear cell, preschool child, protein expression, protein function, reverse 

transcription polymerase chain reaction, school child, signal transduction, virus immunity 

Abstract : Background: The phenomenon of antibody dependent enhancement as a major determinant that exacerbates disease 

severity in DENV infections is well accepted. While the detailed mechanism of antibody enhanced disease severity is unclear, 

evidence suggests that it is associated with both increased DENV infectivity and suppression of the type I IFN and proinflammatory 

cytokine responses. Therefore, it is imperative for us to understand the intracellular mechanisms altered during 

ADE infection to decipher the mechanism of severe pathogenesis. Methodology/Principal Findings:In this present work, qRT- 

PCR, immunoblotting and gene array analysis were conducted to determine whether DENV-antibody complex infection exerts 

a suppressive effect on the expression and/or function of the pathogen recognition patterns, focusing on the TLR-signaling 

pathway. We show here that FccRI and FccRIIa synergistically facilitated entry of DENV-antibody complexes into monocytic 

THP-1 cells. Ligation between DENV-antibody complexes and FcR not only down regulated TLRs gene expression but also up 

regulated SARM, TANK, and negative regulators of the NF-kB pathway, resulting in suppression of innate responses but 

increased viral production. These results were confirmed by blocking with anti-FcγRI or anti-FcγRIIa antibodies which reduced 

viral production, up-regulated IFN-β synthesis, and increased gene expression in the TLR-dependent signaling pathway. The 

negative impact of DENV-ADE infection on the TLR-dependent pathway was strongly supported by gene array screening which 

revealed that both MyD88-dependent and -independent signaling molecules were down regulated during DENV-ADE infection. 

Importantly, the same phenomenon was seen in PBMC of secondary DHF/DSS patients but not in PBMC of DF patients. 

Conclusions/Significance: Our present work demonstrates the mechanism by which DENV uses pre-existing immune mediators 

to defeat the principal activating pathway of innate defense resulting in suppression of an array of innate immune responses. 

Interestingly, this phenomenon specifically occurred during the severe form of DENV infection but not in the mild form of 

disease. © 2010 Modhiran et al. 

No.806 

Author (s) : Monatrakul, P., Mungthin, M., Dondorp, A.M., Krudsood, S., Udomsangpetch, R., Wilairatana, P., White, N.J., Chotivanich, K. 

Title : Modulating effects of plasma containing anti-malarial antibodies on in vitro anti-malarial drug susceptibility in Plasmodium 

falciparum 



Keywords : antiserum, artesunate, hypoxanthine, quinine, antimalarial agent, artemisinin derivative, protozoon antibody; acute 

disease, antibody titer, antimalarial drug susceptibility, article, blood sampling, controlled study, dose response, drug 

effect, fungal strain, human, IC 50, in vitro study, incubation time, malaria falciparum, microscopy, parasite 

development, Plasmodium falciparum, chemistry, drug sensitivity, immunology, methodology, plasma; Antibodies, 

Protozoan, Antimalarials, Artemisinins, Humans, Inhibitory Concentration 50, Parasitic Sensitivity Tests, Plasma, Plasmodium 

falciparum, Quinine 

Abstract : Background: The efficacy of anti-malarial drugs is determined by the level of parasite susceptibility, anti-malarial drug 

bioavailability and pharmacokinetics, and host factors including immunity. Host immunity improves the in vivo therapeutic 

efficacy of anti-malarial drugs, but the mechanism and magnitude of this effect has not been characterized. This study 

characterized the effects of 'immune' plasma to Plasmodium falciparumon the in vitro susceptibility of P. falciparum to antimalarial 

drugs. Methods. Titres of antibodies against blood stage antigens (mainly the ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen 

[RESA]) were measured in plasma samples obtained from Thai patients with acute falciparum malaria. 'Immune' plasma was 

selected and its effects on in vitro parasite growth and multiplication of the Thai P. falciparum laboratory strain TM267 were 

assessed by light microscopy. The in vitro susceptibility to quinine and artesunate was then determined in the presence and 

absence of 'immune' plasma using the 3H-hypoxanthine uptake inhibition method. Drug susceptibility was expressed as the 

concentrations causing 50% and 90% inhibition (IC50and IC90), of 3H-hypoxanthine uptake. Results. Incubation with 'immune' 

plasma reduced parasite maturation and decreased parasite multiplication in a dose dependent manner. 3H-hypoxanthine 

incorporation after incubation with 'immune' plasma was decreased significantly compared to controls (median [range]; 181.5 

[0 to 3,269] cpm versus 1,222.5 [388 to 5,932] cpm) (p= 0.001). As a result 'immune' plasma reduced apparent susceptibility to 

quinine substantially; median (range) IC506.4 (0.5 to 23.8) ng/ml versus 221.5 (174.4 to 250.4) ng/ml (p = 0.02), and also had a 

297


borderline effect on artesunate susceptibility; IC500.2 (0.02 to 0.3) ng/ml versus 0.8 (0.2 to 2.3) ng/ml (p = 0.08). Effects were 

greatest at low concentrations, changing the shape of the concentration-effect relationship. IC 90values were not significantly 

affected; median (range) IC 90448.0 (65 to > 500) ng/ml versus 368.8 (261 to 501) ng/ml for quinine (p > 0.05) and 17.0 

(0.1 to 29.5) ng/ml versus 7.6 (2.3 to 19.5) ng/ml for artesunate (p = 0.4). Conclusions. 'Immune' plasma containing antimalarial 

antibodies inhibits parasite development and multiplication and increases apparent in vitro anti-malarial drug 

susceptibility of P. falciparum. The IC90was much less affected than the IC50measurement. © 2010 Monatrakul et al; licensee 


No.807 

Author (s) : Mongkolchati, A., Thinkhamrop, B., Mo-Suwan, L., Chittchang, U., Choprapawon, C. 

Title : Prevalence and incidence of child stunting from birth to two years of life in Thai children: Based on the prospective cohort 

study of Thai children (PCTC) 



Keywords : Child stunting; Children growth; Cohort study; Incidence; Prevalence 

Abstract : Objective: To determine the percentages of prevalence and incidence in child stunting at birth, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of 

age and to investigate the association between factors and child stunting outcome Material and Method: The Prospective 

Cohort Study of Thai Children (PCTC) was carried out during 2000-2002, data from five districts were examined, and 

anthropometric measurements were performed by the physician and research assistants. WHO's growth reference standard 

year 2005 was used. Results: Four thousand two hundred forty five children were included at the start of the present study of 

which 3,898 were in the final analysis. The prevalence in child stunting presented an increasing percentage at birth 6, 12, 18, 

and 24 months was 6.0, 6.9, 9.5, 14.6, and 16.6%, and incidence indicated decreasing at birth,6,12,18, and 24 mon ths was 6.0, 

4.3, 4.1, 5.2, and 3.2% respectively. The GEE analysis showed that gender, mother height, mother education, income, and 

Nan-Hill Tribe areas were significantly correlated with child stunting (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Finding from the present study 

indicates that to reduce child stunting in Thailand in early infant's life, early nutritional interventions and quality antenatal 

care are vital. 

No.808 

Author (s) : Monteerarat, Y., Sakabe, S., Ngamurulert, S., Srichatraphimuk, S., Jiamtom, W., Chaichuen, K., Thitithanyanont, A., Permpikul, P., 

Songserm, T., Puthavathana, P., Nidom, C.A., Mai, L.Q., Iwatsuki-Horimoto, K., Kawaoka, Y., Auewarakul, P. 

Title : Induction of TNF-α in human macrophages by avian and human influenza viruses 

Source : Archives of Virology, 155 (8), pp. 1273-1279. 


Keywords : NS protein, influenza virus, tumor necrosis factor alpha, virus protein; animal, article, avian 

influenza, biosynthesis, bird, human, immunology, influenza, Influenza virus A, Influenza virus A H1N1, Influenza virus A 

H3N2, Influenza virus A H5N1, macrophage, virology; Animals, Birds, Humans, Influenza A virus, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 

Subtype, Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype, Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype, Influenza in Birds, Influenza, 

Human, Macrophages, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Viral Nonstructural Proteins; Aves, Avian influenza virus, human influenza 

virus, Orthomyxoviridae 

Abstract : The highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 is known to induce high level of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) from 

primary macrophages. However, it is still unclear whether current H5N1 strains also induce high TNF-α production, as most of 

the data were derived from extinct clade 0 H5N1 strain. Here, we show that current clade 1 and 2 H5N1 strains induce 

variable levels of TNF-α that are not necessarily higher than those induced by seasonal influenza viruses. The result suggests 

that hyper-induction of TNF-α in human macrophages is not always associated with a highly pathogenic phenotype. We 

further tested the contribution of the NS gene segment from H5N1 isolates to TNF-α induction by using reverse genetics. 

While NS conferred some variation in TNF-α induction when incorporated into an H1N1 virus genetic background, it did not 

affect TNF-α induction in an H5N1 virus genetic background, suggesting that other viral genes are involved. © 2010 Springer- 

Verlag. 

No.809 

Author (s) : Monteerarat, Y., Suptawiwat, O., Boonarkart, C., Uiprasertkul, M., Auewarakul, P., Viprakasit, V. 

Title : Inhibition of H5N1 highly pathogenic influenza virus by suppressing a specific sialyltransferase 

298


Source : Archives of Virology, Volume 155, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 889-893 


Keywords : beta galactoside alpha 2,3 sialyltransferase, beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase, n acetylneuraminic 

acid, sialyltransferase, small interfering RNA, virus receptor; animal, article, bronchus, cell line, dog, down 

regulation, enzymology, genetics, human, Influenza virus A H5N1, lung, metabolism, pathogenicity, pharynx, respiratory 

system, RNA interference, trachea; Animals, Bronchi, Cell Line, Dogs, Down-Regulation, Humans, Influenza A Virus, H5N1 

Subtype, Lung, N-Acetylneuraminic Acid, Pharynx, Receptors, Virus, Respiratory System, RNA Interference, RNA, Small 

Interfering, Sialyltransferases, Trachea; Avian influenza virus, Orthomyxoviridae 

Abstract : Avian influenza viruses preferentially use α2,3-linked sialic acid as a receptor for binding and entry into target cells. The sialic 

acid is the terminal residue of various types of glycan. There are two major types of α2,3-linked sialic acid differing in the 

penultimate bond: Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-3GalNAc and Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc. In the human airway, while Neu5Acα2- 

3Galβ1-3GalNAc is present only in alveolar epithelial cells, the Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc is expressed in both the upper 

and lower airway. Previous data showed preferential binding of hemagglutinin from H5N1 highly pathogenic influenza virus to 

Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc. We further show here that suppression of this sialic acid by siRNA against a sialyltransferase, 

ST3GAL4, can inhibit H5N1 avian influenza virus infection and that this gene is abundantly expressed in human pharynx, 

trachea and bronchus. These data suggest that the ST3GAL4 gene is responsible for biosynthesis of the viral receptor and may 

play a crucial role in infection of H5N1 avian influenza virus in humans. © 2010 Springer-Verlag. 

No.810 

Author (s) : Monvises, A., Ruenwongsa, P., Panijpan, B., Sriwattanarothai, N. 

Title : A siamese fighting fish learning unit for cooperative learning among primary students 



Keywords : Cooperative learning; Fighting fish; Learning center; Primary students 

Abstract : The study focused on the effects of the cooperative learning on students' achievement. A learning unit on the fighting fish 

living process was used as a case study. The participants, 30 grade-4 students, were randomly divided into five groups of six 

students each. A learning center on fighting fish was established and equipped with learning resources in the school. Students 

worked together in each topic which differed from group to group. After the activity each group shared their findings to the 

class. Following extensive discussion all students were expected to gain knowledge from both ingroup activity and activities 

of other groups. For the overall knowledge gained, the students were assessed both individually and as a group. The results 

showed improvement in the level of knowledge of the students from the first week to the third week. Results from their 

mind maps indicated that almost all students were able to conceptualize about various aspects of the life of the fighting fish. 

This can be explained by the self-accountability of individual students as well as their responsibility for the achievement of 

their friends. The students showed positive attitude toward the cooperative learning. © Common Ground, Adisorn Monvises, 

Pintip Ruenwongsa, Bhinyo Panijpan, Namkang Sriwattanarothai. 

No.811 

Author (s) : Mookum, T., Wiwatanapataphee, B., Wu, Y.H. 

Title : Modeling of two-fluid flow and heat transfer with solidification in continuous steel casting process under electromagnetic 

force 



Keywords : Continuous steel casting process; Electromagnetic stirring; Heat transfer; Level set finite element method; Twofluid flow 

Abstract : This paper is concerned with the two-fluid flow and heat transfer in the continuous steel casting process under 

electromagnetic (EM) force. The governing equations consist of the Navier-Stokes equations, the continuity equation, and the 

energy equation. The influence of the EM field on the flow pattern, the meniscus shape, and temperature distribution in the 

EM caster is modeled by the addition of the EM force and the surface tension force in the Navier-Stokes equations. The EM 

force is defined by the cross product of current density and magnetic flux density obtained from the Maxwell's equations. A 

surface tension force is a function of the level set function which can be solved from the level set equation. A complete set 

of governing equations is solved by the level set finite element method. The numerical results demonstrate that the EM field 

applied to the system has significant effect on the two-fluid flow, meniscus profile, and temperature distribution. © 2010 

Academic Publications. 

299


No.812 

Author (s) : Moonchai, S., Lenbury, Y., Triampo, W. 

Title : Cellular automata simulation modeling of HIV infection in Lymph Node and peripheral blood compartments 



Keywords : Cellular automata; Double compartments simulation; HIV proliferation 

Abstract : Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been widely considered as the most devastating epidemic. To discover 

effective therapy for HIV infection, the dynamics of the virus-immune system in the human body have been the subject of 

intense studies. Since the development of the disease typically exhibits a three phase evolution, that is, an acute phase 

(measured in days), a chronic phase (measured in weeks) and AIDS (measured in years), the use of ordinary or partial 

differential equations are inadequate in our attempt to describe the three different time scales in order to simulate the entire 

course of the HIV infection. Cellular automata simulation approach has become well known as a useful technique to 

investigate complex biomedical systems in situations where traditional methodologies are difficult or too costly to employ. 

So far, relatively simple cellular automata models have been proposed to simulate the dynamics of HIV infection in human. 

Most cellular automata models only considered viral proliferation in the lymph node. However, most clinical indications of 

AIDS progression are based on blood data, because these data are most easily obtained. Since viral population circulates 

between lymph node and plasma, viral load in the two compartments are important for the description of HIV infection 

dynamics. We present here cellular automata simulations of a two-compartment model of HIV proliferation with delay. 

No.813 

Author (s) : Moonchai, S., Lenbury, Y., Triampo, W. 

Title : Multiple latticed cellular automata: HIV dynamics in coupled lymph node and peripheral blood compartments 



Keywords : Cellular automata; Double compartments simulation; HIV proliferation 

Abstract : Cellular automata simulation approach has become well known as a useful technique to investigate complex biomedical 

systems in situations where traditional methodologies are difficult or too costly to employ. So far, relatively simple cellular 

automata models have been proposed to simulate the dynamics of HIV infection in human. Most cellular automata models 

only considered viral proliferation in the lymph node. However, most clinical indications of AIDS progression are based on 

blood data, because these data are most easily obtained. Since viral population circulates between lymph node and plasma, 

viral load in the two compartments are important for the description of HIV infection dynamics. We present here cellular 

automata simulations of a two-compartment model of HIV proliferation with delay. 

No.814 

Author (s) : Moongkarndi, P., Srisawat, C., Saetun, P., Jantaravinid, J., Peerapittayamongkol, C., Soi-Ampornkul, R., Junnu, S., Sinchaikul, S., 

Chen, S.-T., Charoensilp, P., Thongboonkerd, V., Neungton, N. 

Title : Protective effect of mangosteen extract against β-amyloid-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and altered proteome in SK- 

N-SH cells 

Source : Journal of Proteome Research, Volume 9, Issue 5, 7 May 2010, Pages 2076-2086 


Keywords : Alzheimers disease; Amyloid; Cytotoxicity; Mangosteen extract; Proteome; Proteomics 

Abstract : β-amyloid (Aβ) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimers disease (AD) by inducing neurotoxicity and cell death 

mainly through production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Garcinia mangostana L. (mangosteen) has been recognized as a 

major source of natural antioxidants that could decrease ROS. However, its role in protection of Aβ-induced cytotoxicity and 

apoptosis in neuronal cells remains unclear. We therefore examined such a protective effect of mangosteen extract (ME) by 

evaluating cell viability using MTT test, ROS level, caspase-3 activity, and cellular proteome. Treating SK-N-SH cells with 5-20 

μM Aβ(1-42) for 24 h caused morphologically cytotoxic changes, decreased cell viability and increased ROS level, whereas 

preincubation with 50-400 μg/mL ME 30 min before the induction by Aβ(1-42) successfully prevented such cytotoxic effects 

in a dose-dependent manner (completely at 400 μg/mL). The Aβ-induced increase in caspase-3 activity was also preventable 

by 400 μg/mL ME. Proteomic analysis using 2-D gel electrophoresis (n = 5 gels/group) followed by mass spectrometry 

revealed 63 proteins whose levels were significantly altered by Aβ(1-42) induction. Interestingly, changes in 10 proteins were 

successfully prevented by the ME pretreatment. In summary, we report herein the significant protective effects of ME against 

300


Aβ-induced cytotoxicity, increased ROS, and increased caspase activity in SK-N-SH cells. Moreover, proteomic analysis 

revealed some proteins that might be responsible for these protective effects by ME. Further characterizations of these 

proteins may lead to identification of novel therapeutic targets for successful prevention and/or decreasing the severity of AD. 

© 2010 American Chemical Society. 

No.815 

Author (s) : Moore, C.E.; Sengduangphachanh, A.; Thaojaikong, T.; Sirisouk, J.; Foster, D.; Phetsouvanh, R.; McGee, L.; Crook, D.W.; Newton, 

P.N.; Peacock, S.J. 

Title : Enhanced Determination of Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotypes Associated with Invasive Disease in Laos by Using a Real- 

Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Serotyping Assay with Cerebrospinal Fluid 

Source : AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE, Volume: 83, Issue: 3, Pages: 451-457, DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.10- 

0225, Published: SEP 2010 


Keywords : PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; MULTIPLEX PCR; ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; 

QUELLUNG REACTION; DEVELOPING-WORLD; DOUBLE-BLIND; CHILDREN; SURVEILLANCE; 6C 

Abstract : A prospective hospital-based study was undertaken to define the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and 

circulating serotypes in Laos Of 10.799 patients with hemocultures and 353 patients with cerebrospinal fluid samples. 0 21% 

and 5 4%, respectively, were positive for Streptococcus pneumoniae. giving a total of 35 IPD patients We developed a realtime 

polymerase chain reaction to detect serotypes represented in the 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine A blinded 

evaluation comparing serotype as defined by the Quellung reaction versus the polymerase chain reaction demonstrated 

100% concordance The most frequent serotype (n = 33 patients) was 1 (n = 6), followed by serotypes 5, 6A/B/C, 14, and 23F. 

Serotypes represented in the 7-valent polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccine (PCV-7) infected 39% of patients with 73% 

coverage for the PCV-10 and PCV-13 vaccines. Although the sample size is small, these data suggest that the PCV-7 vaccine 

may have relatively low efficacy in Laos Further studies are urgently needed to guide pneumococcal vaccine policy in Laos 

No.816 

Author (s) : Mophan, N., Vinitnantharat, S., Somsook, E. 

Title : Enhancing iron(III) solubility using cassava and arrowroot starch 

Source : ScienceAsia, Volume 36, Issue 2, June 2010, Pages 172-173 


Keywords : Iron oxide; Iron-saccharide; Iron-starch 

Abstract : Iron(III) is sparsely soluble in aqueous solutions even in an acidic condition. The solubility of iron(III) can be enhanced by 

complexing it with saccharides. Iron-dextran and iron-sucrose have been used to treat iron-deficiency anaemia. This work 

investigates the enhancement of the solubility of iron(III) in aqueous solution by complexing it with polysaccharides from 

locally available starch. Iron(III) was complexed with cassava and arrowroot starch and the state of iron(III) in the solutions 

was examined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The results showed that the solubility of iron(III) could be enhanced by cassava 

and arrowroot starch. It was asserted that these polysaccharides prevent the hydrolysis and precipitation of the iron(III) as 

iron-oxide. These finding might lead to an alternative treatment for iron-deficiency anaemia. 

No.817 

Author (s) : Morales Vargas, R.E., Ya-umphan, P., Phumala-Morales, N., Komalamisra, N., Dujardin, J.-P. 

Title : Climate associated size and shape changes in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) populations from Thailand 

Source : Infection, Genetics and Evolution, Volume 10, Issue 4, May 2010, Pages 580-585 


Keywords : Aedes aegypti; Climate; Dengue; Relative humidity; Shape; Size; Thailand 

Abstract : In spite of the adult body size variability of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and its likely association with life history and vectorial 

capacity, the causes of size variation itself have been only partially identified. In particular, possible important factors such as 

climatic variation have not received much attention.The objective of this 2-year study was to describe from field collections 

the relationship of Ae. aegypti metric properties with available climatic data. The study took place in a dengue hyperendemic 

area of Thailand. Fourth instar larvae (L4) and pupae were collected from the same breeding places allowing the comparisons 

between seven successive collections, four in 2007 and three in 2008. Climatic data were relative humidity (RH) and 

temperature (T). They were considered for the periods covering either the pre-imaginal development or, assuming heritability 

301


of size, the previous generation. The pre-imaginal period was further subdivided into embryonic and larval phases of 

development. Size was estimated by traditional and geometric techniques, the latter based on 18 landmarks collected at the 

intersections of veins also allowing estimation of shape.The shape variation of the wing followed similar patterns as for size 

and was shown to be a passive allometric change. No significant correlation of size or shape could be disclosed with T. In 

contrast, significant correlation with RH was found during two periods of examination: (i) the period affecting the generation 

previous to the time of collection, suggesting possible selective mechanisms on genitors, and (ii) the one occurring during preimaginal 

development. The subdivision of the latter into embryonic and larval phases allowed to evidence a possible 

selecting effect on embryonic development. The selection would act through the resistance to water loss which is known to 

depend on the relative surface of the cuticle.In conclusion, our data highlight the importance of the emerged period of Ae. 

aegypti eggs as a critical time for the size of future adults, and point to the relative humidity as the likely selecting factor. © 

2010 Elsevier B.V. 

No.818 

Author (s) : Moreno, C.; Berg, T.; Tanwandee, T.; Thongsawat, S.; Van V.H.; Zeuzem, S.; Lenz, O.; Peeters, M.; Sekar, V.J.; De S.G. 

Title : A PHASE IIA, OPEN-LABEL STUDY TO ASSESS THE ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF TMC435 MONOTHERAPY IN PATIENTS INFECTED WITH 

HCV GENOTYPES 2-6 

Source : HEPATOLOGY, Volume: 52, Issue: 4, Supplement: S, Pages: 749A-750A, Meeting Abstract: 895, Published: OCT 2010 

Document Type : Meeting Abstraact 



No.819 

Author (s) : Morrison, D., Legg, T.J., Billings, C.W., Forrat, R., Yoksan, S., Lang, J. 

Title : A novel tetravalent dengue vaccine is well tolerated and immunogenic against all 4 serotypes in flavivirus-naive adults 

Source : Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 201, Issue 3, 1 February 2010, Pages 370-377 


Keywords : dengue vaccine, neutralizing antibody, placebo, sodium chloride, virus antibody; adult, article, asthenia, clinical 

trial, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, dengue, Dengue virus, drug fever, drug induced headache, drug safety, drug 

tolerability, drug withdrawal, female, human, immune response, immunogenicity, injection site erythema, injection site 

pain, injection site swelling, major clinical study, malaise, male, myalgia, nausea, neutrophil count, phase 1 clinical 

trial, priority journal, randomized controlled trial, rhinopharyngitis, seroconversion, serotype, side 

effect, vaccination, viremia, virus strain, world health organization, blood, classification, drug 

administration, immunology, middle aged, serotyping, virology; Adult, Antibodies, Viral, Dengue, Dengue Vaccines, Dengue 

Virus, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Serotyping, Viremia, Young Adult 

Abstract : Background. Sanofi Pasteur has developed a tetravalent dengue vaccine (TDV) against the world's most common arbovirus 

infection. Methods. We assessed the safety and immunogenicity of the TDV in healthy adults randomized into 2 groups. 

Group 1 received 3 TDV injections at months 0, 4, and 12-15; group 2 received saline placebo at month 0 and then 2 TDV 

injections at months 4 and 12-15. Adverse events were recorded, and biological parameters and viremia levels were 

measured. Neutralizing antibodies against 4 World Health Organization (WHO) reference strains were measured before and 

after vaccinations. Results. A total of 33 participants were enrolled in each group. Demographic characteristics were 

comparable. No vaccine-related serious adverse event was reported. The most common systemic reactions were headache, 

malaise, and myalgia. Low viremia levels were detected, mainly of serotype 4. Immune response increased with successive 

vaccine doses. All participants seroconverted against all 4 serotypes after receiving 3 doses at 0, 4, and 12-15-months, and 

almost all seroconverted after 2 doses given 8-11 months apart. Conclusions. Sanofi Pasteur's TDV was well tolerated and 

induced full seroconversion against all WHO reference strain serotypes after 3 doses. © 2010 by the Infectious Diseases 

Society of America. All rights reserved. 

No.820 

Author (s) : Moukamnerd, C., Kino-Oka, M., Sugiyama, M., Kaneko, Y., Boonchird, C., Harashima, S., Noda, H., Ninomiya, K., Shioya, S., 

Katakura, Y. 

Title : Ethanol production from biomass by repetitive solid-state fed-batch fermentation with continuous recovery of ethanol 

Source : Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Volume 88, Issue 1, September 2010, Pages 87-94 

302



Keywords : Bioethanol; Continuous recovery of ethanol; Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation; Solid-state fermentation 

Abstract : To save cost and input energy for bioethanol production, a consolidated continuous solid-state fermentation system 

composed of a rotating drum reactor, a humidifier, and a condenser was developed. Biomass, saccharifying enzymes, yeast, 

and a minimum amount of water are introduced into the system. Ethanol produced by simultaneous saccharification and 

fermentation is continuously recovered as vapor from the headspace of the reactor, while the humidifier compensates for 

the water loss. From raw corn starch as a biomass model, 95∈±∈3, 226∈±∈9, 458∈±∈26, and 509∈±∈64 g∈l-1 of 

ethanol solutions were recovered continuously when the ethanol content in reactor was controlled at 10-20, 30-50, 50-70 

and 75-85 g∈kg-mixture-1, respectively. The residue showed a lesser volume and higher solid content than that obtained by 

conventional liquid fermentation. The cost and energy for intensive waste water treatment are decreased, and the 

continuous fermentation enabled the sustainability of enzyme activity and yeast in the system. © 2010 Springer-Verlag. 

No.821 

Author (s) : Mu, J., Myers, R.A., Jiang, H., Liu, S., Ricklefs, S., Waisberg, M., Chotivanich, K., Wilairatana, P., Krudsood, S., White, N.J., 

Udomsangpetch, R., Cui, L., Ho, M., Ou, F., Li, H., Song, J., Li, G., Wang, X., Seila, S., Sokunthea, S., Socheat, D., Sturdevant, D.E., 

Porcella, S.F., Fairhurst, R.M., Wellems, T.E., Awadalla, P., Su, X.-Z. 

Title : Plasmodium falciparum genome-wide scans for positive selection, recombination hot spots and resistance to antimalarial 

drugs 

Source : Nature Genetics, Volume 42, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 268-271 


Keywords : amodiaquine, antimalarial agent, chloroquine, dihydroartemisinin, fansidar, mefloquine, piperaquine, quinine; antimalarial drug 

resistance, article, genetic recombination, genetic selection, genetic trait, IC 50, molecular probe, nonhuman, nucleotide 

sequence, pharmacogenetics, Plasmodium falciparum, population structure, priority journal, single nucleotide polymorphism; 

Antimalarials, Chromosome Mapping, Cluster Analysis, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, DNA, Protozoan, Drug 

Resistance, Genetic Loci, Genome-Wide Association Study, Geography, Inhibitory Concentration 50, Oligonucleotide Array 

Sequence Analysis, Plasmodium falciparum, Recombination, Genetic, Selection, Genetic; Plasmodium falciparum 

Abstract : Antimalarial drugs impose strong selective pressure on Plasmodium falciparum parasites and leave signatures of selection in 

the parasite genome; screening for genes under selection may suggest potential drug or immune targets. Genome-wide 

association studies (GWAS) of parasite traits have been hampered by the lack of high-throughput genotyping methods, 

inadequate knowledge of parasite population history and time-consuming adaptations of parasites to in vitro culture. Here we 

report the first Plasmodium GWAS, which included 189 culture-adapted P. falciparum parasites genotyped using a custombuilt 

Affymetrix molecular inversion probe 3K malaria panel array with a coverage of 1 SNP per 7 kb. Population structure, 

variation in recombination rate and loci under recent positive selection were detected. Parasite half-maximum inhibitory 

concentrations for seven antimalarial drugs were obtained and used in GWAS to identify genes associated with drug 

responses. This study provides valuable tools and insight into the P. falciparum genome. © 2010 Nature America, Inc. All 


No.822 

Author (s) : Muangman, P., Pundee, C., Opasanon, S., Muangman, S. 

Title : A prospective, randomized trial of silver containing hydrofiber dressing versus 1% silver sulfadiazine for the treatment of 

partial thickness burns 

Source : International Wound Journal, 2010, 7 (4), pp. 271 – 276. 


Keywords : Burns; Dressing; Hydrofiber; Silver sulfadiazine 

Abstract : Silver sulfadiazine has been used as a topical burn wound treatment for many years. Pain associated with dressing changes is 

a common problem in burn wounds. Aquacel Ag, a hydrofiber dressing coated with ionic silver has been reported to reduce 

burn wound infection and promote antimicrobial activity. The purpose of this study was to show the benefits of Aquacel Ag 

for the treatment of partial thickness burns. This prospective randomized study was conducted in 70 patients who had partial 

thickness burns less than 15% of total body surface area and were treated at Siriraj outpatient burn clinic during December 

2006-February 2008. Patients were divided into two groups: Aquacel Ag-treated group with dressing changes every 3 days (35 

patients) and 1% silver sulfadiazine-treated group, with daily dressing changes (35 patients). There was no difference in 

demographic data including age, gender, burn percentage between groups. Time-to-wound healing pain score during dressing 

303


change and cost of treatment were compared between both groups. Time-to-wound closure was significantly shorter in the 

Aquacel Ag-treated group (10 ± 3 versus 13.7 ± 4 days, P < 0·02) as well as pain scores at days 1, 3 and 7 (4·1 ± 2·1, 2·1 ± 1·8, 

0·9 ± 1·4 versus 6·1 ± 2·3, 5·2 ± 2·1, 3·3 ± 1·9, respectively, P < 0·02). Total cost of treatment was 52 ± 29 US dollars for the 

Aquacel Ag-treated group versus 93 ± 36 US dollars for the silver sulfadiazine-treated group. This study showed that Aquacel 

Ag increased time to healing, decreased pain symptoms and increased patient convenience because of limiting the frequency 

of replacement of the dressing at lower total cost. This study confirms the efficacy of Aquacel Ag for the treatment of partial 

thickness burns at an outpatient clinic. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and Medicalhelplines.com Inc. 

No.823 

Author (s) : Muangpaisan, W., Brayne, C. 

Title : Systematic review of statins for the prevention of vascular dementia or dementia 

Source : Geriatrics and Gerontology International, Volume 10, Issue 2, April 2010, Pages 199-208 


Keywords : Dementia; Prevention; Statins; Vascular dementia 

Abstract : Aim: Non-hypolipidemic effects of statins, known as pleiotropic effects, are likely to explain the effect of statins on dementia. 

Results of the relationship between statins and dementia in previous studies are conflicting. There is no systematic review 

investigating the effect of statins on vascular dementia (VaD). This systematic review evaluates the role of statins in the 

prevention of VaD or dementia. The possible causes of conflicting results in the existing published work will be explored. 

Methods: Relevant studies were systematically identified and reviewed. The Cochrane Controlled Trials and three electronic 

databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycInfo) were searched. The selection criteria were defined a priori. Included studies were 

rated by quality assessment checklists and two independent reviewers. Results: Six studies in dementia, two studies in VaD 

(one study reported both dementia and VaD) and two meta-analyses met the selection criteria. The studies covered 1372 

cases of dementia from 14 430 participants and 116 cases of VaD from 4924 participants from the USA and UK. There was no 

association between statin use and risk of VaD. The protective effect of statins on dementia was demonstrated only in a 

nested case-control study of lower quality and one recently published cohort study. In most other cohort and high quality 

studies, statin use did not show a beneficial effect. Conclusion: Study design differences among the studies and 

methodological shortcomings may have resulted in different outcomes. On the basis of these conflicting results, statins could 

not be recommended as a preventative treatment for dementia. © 2010 Japan Geriatrics Society. 

No.824 

Author (s) : Muangpaisan, W., Intalapaporn, S., Assantachai, P. 

Title : Digit span and verbal fluency tests in patients with mild cognitive impairment and normal subjects in Thai-community 

Source : Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, Volume 93, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 224-230 


Keywords : Community; Digit span; Elderly; Mild cognitive impairment; Verbal fluency 

Abstract : Background: Far too little attention has been paid to the difference of Digit Span test and category verbal fluency test (CVFT) 

between normal and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects. Objective: To investigate the difference of Digit Span test and 

CVFT between normal subjects and patients with MCI and study the influence of age, gender, and education on the task 

performance. Material and Method: The authors collected data of 77 participants diagnosed with amnestic MCI (from 517 

participants screened) and 30 normal subjects aged 50 or over enrolled from communities in Bangkok. The Digit Span test and 

CVFT (semantic fluency and Controlled word association test for letter fluency) were used to evaluate the subjects. Results: 

MCI patients had significantly lower digit span score, in both Digits Forward and Digits Backward, poorer performance on 

semantic fluency for animals and fruits and letter fluency test. The logistic regression model of MCI diagnosis showed that 

only Digits Backward score was a predictor of MCI diagnosis (OR 0.643 for each increment of 1 digit, p = 0.009, 95% confidence 

interval 0.462-0.896). The cut-off point of Digit Backward score was 4 and yielded sensitivity of 77% and specificity of 57%. 

Females had lower scores than males in every test except semantic fluency for fruits. The digit span and semantic fluency 

scores decreased as age increased but letter fluency increased correspondently with age. The digit span and CVFT scores 

increased in parallel with the increase of education. Conclusion: MCI patients had poorer performance on the Digit Span and 

CVFT tests than normal age and education matched subjects. Digits Backward test can predict the MCI diagnosis. Age, gender 

and education have an impact on the performance of the tests. 

304


No.825 

Author (s) : Muangpaisan, W., Praditsuwan, R., Assanasen, J., Srinonprasert, V., Assantachai, P., Intalapaporn, S., Chatthanawaree, W., 

Dajpratham, P., Kuptniratsaikul, V., Pisansalakij, D. 

Title : Caregiver burden and needs of dementia caregivers in Thailand: A cross-sectional study 



Keywords : Caregiver burden; Dementia 

Abstract : Objective: To identify the burdens of Thai dementia caregivers and to determine the services that could support them in this 

function. Material and Method: The authors surveyed 88 dementia caregivers attending "Caregiver Day". The questionnaire 

contained Caregiver Burden Inventory. The answers range from "not at all descriptive" (zero) to "very descriptive" (4). The 

authors also explored baseline characteristics of caregivers and care recipients as well as caregiver's needs of a supporting 

system. Results: There was an 82% response rate. Responses in time-dependence burden distributed almost equally in the 

five possible scales. In developmental and physical burden, caregivers rate scores mainly from 0-2. The scores in social and 

emotional burden ranged mainly between 0-1. Dependency in basic activities of daily living correlated with higher caregiver 

burden (odd ratio 7.48, 95% confidence interval 1.42-39.53, p = 0.02), while sex and kinship did not. The top three caregiver's 

needs were 1) caregiver education and training, 2) telephone line provided for caregiver consultation and 3) special system in 

a hospital provided for dementia patients to have rapid access to see a doctor. Conclusion: Caring for dementia patients can 

lead to high caregiver burden, particularly those caring for dependent patients. Physical and developmental burdens are 

affected more than social and emotional burdens. Culture, relationship quality and resources (coping, outlook on life and 

social support) might be contributing factors of this difference. 

No.826 

Author (s) : Mungnirandr, A., Khorana, J., Ruangtrakool, R. 

Title : Correlation between duration of postoperative parenteral nutrition and incidence of postoperative complication in 

gastroschisis patients 



Keywords : Gastroschisis; Necrotizing enterocolitis; Post operative complications; Total parenteral nutrition 

Abstract : Background: Gastroschisis is the most common neonatal anterior abdominal wall defect. Since all neonatal infants with 

gastroschisis require total parenteral nutrition (TPN), the authors retrospectively review was to find correlation between 

duration of TPN and postoperative complications including necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and poor feeding in gastroschisis 

patients. The secondary objective of the present study was to find correlation(s) among length of stay (LOS), gestational age 

(GA), birthweight(BW), type of operation and postoperative complications. Material and Method: Forty-one gastroschisis 

patients were reviewed during 2001 to 2006. Postoperative complications were analysed among duration of TPN, LOS, GA, 

BW, and type of operation. Multiple parameters affecting gastroschisis patients with NEC were compared with those without 

NEC. Results: There were 21 male and 20 female infants. Normal labour was the major route of delivery (31 in 39 infants). 

Complications from TPN usage included line infection 5/40, central line requirement 9/40, cutdown requirement 5/40, sepsis 

7/40, and TPN leakage 1/40. NEC and poor feeding were 6/40 and 9/40 respectively. In the present study, the Incidence of 

NEC in gastroschisis was 15%. NEC and poor feeding were significantly correlated with longer TPN administration (p = 0.0046 & 

p = 0.0042). Lowest bodyweight of gastroschisis infants occured in the 5.39 + 3.19 days after birth. Gastroschisis patients with 

NEC were frequently found with low birthweight and premature (p = 0.007 & 0.028). All gastroschisis infants with NEC were 

delivered vaginally. No correlation was shown between time to first oral feeding and development of NEC (p = 0.964). 

Conclusion: Longer TPN administration time was found in gastroschisis patients with NEC and poor feeding. Duration of NPO 

after operation did not associate with NEC development. NEC was more likely to occur in gastroschisis patients with low 

birthweight and prematurity. All of the gastroschisis infants with NEC were born through the vaginal route. Like other newborn 

babies, gastroschisis patients lose their bodyweight during the first week of life and gradually gain bodyweight thereafter. 

No.827 

Author (s) : Munkongdee, T., Vattanaviboon, P., Thummarati, P., Sewamart, P., Winichagoon, P., Fucharoen, S., Svasti, S. 

Title : Rapid diagnosis of α-thalassemia by melting curve analysis 

Source : Journal of Molecular Diagnostics, Volume 12, Issue 3, 1 May 2010, Pages 354-358 


305


Keywords : alpha globin, hemoglobin; alpha thalassemia, article, controlled study, diagnostic accuracy, gene amplification, gene 

deletion, heterozygosity, homozygosity, human, major clinical study, multiplex polymerase chain reaction, temperature 

sensitivity; alpha-Thalassemia, Genotype, Hemoglobins, Humans, Nucleic Acid Denaturation, Polymerase Chain Reaction 

Abstract : α-Thalassemia is an inherited hemoglobin disorder that results from defective synthesis of α-globin protein. Couples who 

both carry the α-thalassemia-1 gene are at risk of having a fetus with Hb Bart's hydrops fetalis. Rapid and accurate screening 

for individuals carrying the α-thalassemia-1 gene is the most effective strategy to prevent and control this severe form of 

thalassemia. In this study, a new and accurate method for α-thalassemia diagnosis was developed by genotyping αthalassemia-1, 

the Southeast Asian type (--SEA) and Thai type (--THAI) deletions, using multiplex PCR followed by a melting 

curve analysis. Primers were designed to specifically amplify two deletion fragments, the -- SEA and --THAI deletions and two 

normal fragments, ψζ- and α2-globin gene. The primers were capable of distinguishing α-thalassemia 1 heterozygotes from 

α-thalassemia 2 homozygotes, which are unable to be diagnosed by standard hematological data and hemoglobin typing. 

The melting temperatures of the --THAI, -- SEA, ψζ-globin, and α2-globin gene fragments were 79.9 ± 0.2, 89.4 ± 0.5, 92.8 ± 

0.2, and 85.0 ± 0.2°C, respectively. Melting curve analysis was performed in 130 subjects in parallel with conventional gap-PCR 

analysis, and results showed 100% concordance. This method eliminates the post-PCR electrophoresis process, which is 

laborious, and allows high throughput screening suitable for large population screening for prevention and control of 

thalassemia. Copyright © American Society for Investigative Pathology and the Association for Molecular Pathology. 

No.828 

Author (s) : Mwesigwa, J., Parikh, S., McGee, B., German, P., Drysdale, T., Kalyango, J.N., Clark, T.D., Dorsey, G., Lindegardh, N., Annerberg, A., 

Rosenthal, P.J., Kamya, M.R., Aweeka, F. 

Title : Pharmacokinetics of artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-amodiaquine in children in Kampala, Uganda 

Source : Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Volume 54, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 52-59 


Keywords : amodiaquine, artemether plus benflumetol, artesunate, deethylamodiaquine, dihydroartemisinin; adolescent, area under the 

curve, article, child, clinical trial, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, dose response, drug elimination, drug half life, drug 

safety, human, major clinical study, malaria, maximum plasma concentration, preschool child, priority journal, randomized 

controlled trial, Uganda, vomiting; Amodiaquine, Antimalarials, Area Under Curve, Artemisinins, Biotransformation, Body 

Weight, Child, Child, Preschool, Chromatography, Liquid, Drug Combinations, Ethanolamines, Female, Fluorenes, Half- 

Life, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet, Uganda 

Abstract : The World Health Organization recommends the use of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) for the treatment of 

uncomplicated malaria. The two most widely adopted ACT regimens are artemether (AR)-lumefantrine (LR) (the combination 

is abbreviated AL) and amodiaquine (AQ)-artesunate (AS). Pharmacokinetic (PK) data informing the optimum dosing of these 

drug regimens is limited, especially in children. We evaluated PK parameters in Ugandan children aged 5 to 13 years with 

uncomplicated malaria treated with AL (n = 20) or AQ-AS (n = 21), with intensive venous sampling occurring at 0, 2, 4, 8, 24, 

and 120 h following administration of the last dose of 3-day regimens of AL (twice daily) or AQ-AS (once daily). AS achieved 

an estimated maximum concentration in plasma (Cmax) of 51 ng/ml and an area under the concentration-time curve from 

time zero to infinity (AUC0-∞) of 113 ng · h/ml; and its active metabolite, dihydroartemisinin (DHA), achieved a geometric 

mean Cmax of 473 ng/ml and an AUC0-∞ of 1,404 ng · h/ml. AR-DHA exhibited a Cmax of 34/119 ng/ml and an AUC 0-∞ of 

168/382 ng · h/ml, respectively. For LR, Cmax and AUC0-∞ were 6,757 ng/ml and 210 μg · h/ml, respectively. For AQ and its 

active metabolite, desethylamodiaquine (DEAQ), the Cmaxs were 5.2 ng/ml and 235 ng/ml, respectively, and the AUC 0-∞s 

were 39.3 ng · h/ml and 148 μg · h/ml, respectively. Comparison of the findings of the present study to previously published 

data for adults suggests that the level of exposure to LR is lower in children than in adults and that the level of AQ-DEAQ 

exposure is similar in children and adults. For the artemisinin derivatives, differences between children and adults were 

variable and drug specific. The PK results generated for children must be considered to optimize the dosing strategies for 

these widely utilized ACT regimens. Copyright © 2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 

No.829 

Author (s) : Myint, H.Y., Ohrt, C., Walker, L., White, N., Magill, A. 

Title : A SURVEY ON CLINICAL SAFETY OF 8-AMINOQUINOLINES 




306




No.830 

Author (s) : Naenna, P., Noisumdaeng, P., Pongpech, P., Tribuddharat, C. 

Title : Detection of outer membrane porin protein, an imipenem influx channel, in Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates 



Keywords : Carbapenem resistance; OprD porin protein; Pseudomonas aeruginosa 

Abstract : Decreased permeability to imipenem is the most frequent mechanism of imipenem resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 

We have determined the presence of OprD porin protein, an imipenem influx channel, in 70 carbapenem-resistant P. 

aeruginosa clinical isolates by Western blot analysis using rabbit anti-OprD polyclonal antibody. Ninety-eight percent (54 of 55 

isolates) of imipenem-and meropenem-resistant P. aeruginosa clinical isolates were negative for OprD porin production. A 

small group of isolates resistant to imipenem but susceptible to meropenem (2 isolates) produced OprD protein but at a 

level 3-5 times lower than the wild type P. aeruginosa ATCC27853 strains. This study indicates that the loss of OprD porin 

protein was the main mechanism for imipenem resistance in P. aeruginosa clinical isolates. Determination of the status of 

OprD level in P. aeruginosa may help in the better selection of appropriate carbapenem antibiotics. 

No.831 

Author (s) : Nair, S., Nkhoma, S., Nosten, F., Mayxay, M., French, N., Whitworth, J., Anderson, T. 

Title : Genetic changes during laboratory propagation: Copy number At the reticulocyte-binding protein 1 locus of Plasmodium 

falciparum 

Source : Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, Volume 172, Issue 2, August 2010, Pages 145-148 


Keywords : Cell invasion; FCR3; Growth rate; Malaria; Microsatellite; Structural variation 

Abstract : Comparative genomic hybridization studies have revealed elevated copy number (CN) at the reticulocyte-binding protein 1 

gene (PfRh1) in fast growing lab-adapted parasites, while genetic manipulation demonstrates a causal link between cell 

invasion and PfRh1 CN. We therefore examined PfRh1 copy number variation (CNV) in 202 single clone parasite isolates from 

four countries to quantify the extent of CNV within natural populations. Surprisingly, we found that no natural parasite 

infections showed elevated CN. In contrast, 4/28 independent laboratory reference strains show elevated CN. One possibility 

is that amplification of PfRh1 (or neighboring loci) is selected during laboratory culture. In the case of FCR3 group of parasites, 

clone trees show that PfRh1 amplification arose in laboratory lines following establishment in culture. These data show that 

CNV at PfRh1 is rare or non-existent in natural populations, but can arise during laboratory propagation. We conclude that 

PfRh1 CNV is not an important determinant of gene expression, cell invasion or growth rate in natural parasite populations. © 


No.832 

Author (s) : Nakamura, K., Schwartz, B.S., Lindegårdh, N., Keh, C., Guglielmo, B.J. 

Title : Possible neuropsychiatric reaction to high-dose oseltamivir during acute 2009 H1N1 influenza a infection 

Source : Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 50, Issue 7, 1 April 2010, Pages e47-e49 


Abstract : The safety of high-dose oseltamivir during treatment of 2009 H1N1 influenza A infection for critically ill patients is unknown. 

Here we report on a case patient with severe, delayed-onset neuropsychiatric symptoms after administration of high-dose 

oseltamivir. Clinicians should be vigilant to the possible increased risk of complications associated with high-dose oseltamivir 

therapy for 2009 H1N1 influenza A infection. © 2010 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. 

Keywords : 4 acetamido 5 amino 3 (1 ethylpropoxy) 1 cyclohexene 1 carboxylic acid, aciclovir, cefepime, docusate 

sodium, electrolyte, entecavir, heparin, oseltamivir, pantoprazole, recombinant granulocyte colony stimulating factor; 

adult, arterial gas, article, autologous stem cell transplantation, case report, computer assisted 

tomography, coughing, critically ill patient, drug blood level, drug dose escalation, drug efficacy, drug 

safety, fever, human, hypoxia, influenza, Influenza virus A H1N1, male, mental 

health, neuropsychiatry, neurotoxicity, neutropenia, nonhuman, pneumonia, polymerase chain reaction, priority journal, risk 

factor, Senna, sinus congestion, sinusitis, sphenoid sinus, thrombocytopenia, treatment response, visual hallucination; 

307


Adult, Antiviral Agents, Confusion, Hallucinations, Humans, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Influenza, Human, Leukemia, 

Promyelocytic, Acute, Male, Neurotoxicity Syndromes, Oseltamivir, Transplantation, Autologous 

No.833 

Author (s) : Nakano, K., Nomura, R., Taniguchi, N., Lapirattanakul, J., Kojima, A., Naka, S., Senawongse, P., Srisatjaluk, R., Grönroos, L., 

Alaluusua, S., Matsumoto, M., Ooshima, T. 

Title : Molecular characterization of Streptococcus mutans strains containing the cnm gene encoding a collagen-binding adhesion 

Source : Archives of Oral Biology, Volume 55, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 34-39 


Keywords : Clinical isolates; Collagen-binding adhesin; Glucan-binding activity; Streptococcus mutans 

Abstract : Objective: Streptococcus mutans, known to be a major pathogen of dental caries, is also considered to cause infective 

endocarditis. Its 120-kDa Cnm protein binds to type I collagen, which may be a potential virulence factor. In this study, we 

characterized S. mutans clinical strains focusing on the cnm gene encoding Cnm. Design: A total of 528 S. mutans strains 

isolated from Japanese, Finnish, and Thai subjects were investigated. Using molecular techniques, the distribution frequency 

of cnm-positive strains and location of the inserted cnm were analyzed. Furthermore, isogenic mutant strains were 

constructed by inactivation of the cnm gene, then their biological properties of collagen-binding and glucan-binding were 

evaluated. Southern hybridization of the genes encoding glucan-binding proteins was also performed. Results: The distribution 

frequency of cnm-positive strains from Thai subjects was 12%, similar to that previously reported for Japanese and Finnish 

subjects. Furthermore, the location of insertion of cnm was the same in all cnm-positive clinical isolates. As for the cnminactivated 

mutant strains constructed from 28 clinical isolates, their collagen-binding activity was negligible. In addition, 

glucan-binding activity in the cnm-positive clinical isolates was significantly reduced and corresponded to a lack of gbpA 

encoding glucan-binding protein A. Conclusions: Our results indicate that strains with cnm genes, the most crucial factor for 

the collagen-binding property of S. mutans, are detectable at similar frequencies over several different geographic locations. 

In addition, the common properties of these strains are a high level of collagen-binding activity and tendency for a low level 

of glucan-binding activity. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.834 

Author (s) : Nakkrasae, L.-I., Thongon, N., Thongbunchoo, J., Krishnamra, N., Charoenphandhu, N. 

Title : Transepithelial calcium transport in prolactin-exposed intestine-like Caco-2 monolayer after combinatorial knockdown of 

TRPV5, TRPV6 and Ca v1.3 

Source : Journal of Physiological Sciences, Volume 60, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 9-17 


Keywords : Calcium absorption; Small interfering RNA (siRNA); Transcellular transport; Triple knockdown; Voltage-dependent calcium 

channel (Cav) 

Abstract : The milk-producing hormone prolactin (PRL) increases the transcellular intestinal calcium absorption by enhancing apical 

calcium uptake through voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel (Cav) 1.3. However, the redundancy of apical calcium 

channels raised the possibility that Ca v1.3 may operate with other channels, especially transient receptor potential vanilloid 

family calcium channels (TRPV) 5 or 6, in an interdependent manner. Herein, TRPV5 knockdown (KD), TRPV5/TRPV6, 

TRPV5/Cav1.3, and TRPV6/Cav1.3 double KD, and TRPV5/TRPV6/Cav1.3 triple KD Caco-2 monolayers were generated by 

transfecting cells with small interfering RNAs (siRNA). siRNAs downregulated only the target mRNAs, and did not induce 

compensatory upregulation of the remaining channels. After exposure to 600 ng/mL PRL, the transcellular calcium transport 

was increased by ~2-fold in scrambled siRNA-treated, TRPV5 KD and TRPV5/TRPV6 KD monolayers, but not in TRPV5/Ca v1.3, 

TRPV6/Cav1.3 and TRPV5/TRPV6/Cav1.3 KD monolayers. The results suggested that Cav1.3 was the sole apical channel 

responsible for the PRL-stimulated transcellular calcium transport in intestine-like Caco-2 monolayer. © 2009 The 

Physiological Society of Japan and Springer. 

No.835 

Author (s) : Nakkrasae, S., Kraipeerapun, P., Amornsamankul, S., Fung, C.C. 

Title : Bagging of complementary neural networks with double dynamic weight averaging 

Source : Proceedings - 11th ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking and 

Parallel/Distributed Computing, SNPD2010, 2010, Article number 5521520, Pages 173-178 


308


Keywords : Backpropagation neural network; Bagging; Complementary Neural Networks; Diversity; Ensemble 

Abstract : Ensemble technique has been widely applied in regression problems. This paper proposes a novel approach of the ensemble 

of Complementary Neural Network (CMTNN) using double dynamic weight averaging. In order to enhance the diversity in the 

ensemble, different training datasets created based on bagging technique are applied to an ensemble of pairs of feed-forward 

back-propagation neural networks created to predict the level of truth and falsity values. In order to obtain more accuracy, 

uncertainties in the prediction of truth and falsity values are used to weight the prediction results in two steps. In the first 

step, the weight is used to average the truth and the falsity values whereas the weight in the second step is used to calculate 

the final regression output. The proposed approach has been tested with benchmarking UCI data sets. The results derived 

from our technique improve the prediction performance while compared to the traditional ensemble of neural networks 

which is predicted based on only the truth values. Furthermore, the obtained results from our novel approach outperform 

the results from the existing ensemble of complementary neural network. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.836 

Author (s) : Nakornchai, S., Banditsing, P., Visetratana, N. 

Title : Clinical evaluation of 3Mix and Vitapex® as treatment options for pulpally involved primary molars 

Source : International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, Volume 20, Issue 3, May 2010, Pages 214-221 


Keywords : 3Mix ointment, antiinfective agent, calcium hydroxide, ciprofloxacin, macrogol derivative, metronidazole, minocycline, 

propylene glycol, root canal filling material, silicone derivative, Vitapex; article, chemistry, child, clinical trial, controlled 

clinical trial, controlled study, deciduous tooth, drug combination, drug effect, endodontics, follow up, human, methodology, 

molar tooth, ointment, preschool child, prospective study, radiography, randomized controlled trial, single blind procedure, 

tooth pulp disease, treatment outcome; Anti-Bacterial Agents, Calcium Hydroxide, Child, Child, Preschool, Ciprofloxacin, 

Dental Pulp Necrosis, Drug Combinations, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Metronidazole, Minocycline, Molar, Ointments, 

Polyethylene Glycols, Propylene Glycol, Prospective Studies, Root Canal Filling Materials, Root Canal Therapy, Silicones, 

Single-Blind Method, Tooth, Deciduous, Tooth, Nonvital, Treatment Outcome 

Abstract : The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and radiographic success of 3Mix and Vitapex® for root canal treatment of 

pulpally involved primary molars. Methods.: Fifty teeth from 37 healthy children aged 3-8 years with pulpally involved 

primary molars needing root canal procedures were treated with 3Mix or Vitapex® before restoration with stainless steel 

crowns. The research employed a prospective single-blinded randomized design. The subjects were followed up clinically 

and radiographically at 6 and 12 months, respectively. The outcome was compared using a Z-test with a significance level of 

0.05. Results.: Both groups showed 100% and 96% clinical success at 6 and 12 months, respectively. At 6 months, 

radiographic success of 3Mix and Vitapex® was 84% and 80%, respectively, and at 12 months, radiographic success of 3Mix 

and Vitapex® was 76% and 56%, respectively. Considering the radiographic findings at the end of 6 and 12 months, no 

statistically significant differences were found between the two groups (P = 0.356 and 0.068, respectively). Conclusion.: 3Mix 

and Vitapex® can be used as a root canal treatment agent in pulpally involved primary teeth. © 2010 The Authors. Journal 

compilation © 2010 BSPD, IAPD and Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 

No.837 

Author (s) : Nakponetong, K.; Srisawat, C.; Benjasupattananun, P.; Suratannon, C.; Wachairutmanggur, L.; Boonchoo, S.; Pankaew, D.; 

Laochareonkait, A.; Pacharn, P.; Jirapongsananuruk, O.; Visitsunthorn, N.; Vichyanond, P. 

Title : Pharmacokinetics Of Epinephrine Absorption via Intranasal Administration: A Preliminary Report 

Source : JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY, Volume: 125, Issue: 2, Supplement: 1, Pages: AB219-AB219, Published: 





No.838 

Author (s) : Nakwan, N., Nakwan, N., Chokephaibulkit, K. 

Title : Pasteurella multocida infection in the neonates 

Source : Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, Volume 29, Issue 2, February 2010, Page 192 


309


Keywords : ampicillin; bacterium culture, drug megadose, human, infection risk, letter, newborn, newborn 

mortality, nonhuman, Pasteurella multocida, pasteurellosis, priority journal, vertical transmission; Animals, Humans, Infant, 

Newborn, Pasteurella Infections, Pasteurella multocida, Zoonoses 


No.839 

Author (s) : Nakwanit S., Visoottiviseth P., Khokiattiwong S., Sangchoom W. 

Title : Management of arsenic-accumulated waste from constructed wetland treatment of mountain tap-water 

Source : Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 185, Issue 2-3, 30 January 2011, Pages 1081-1085 


Keywords : Arsenic; Constructed wetland plant; Degradation; Leaching test; Solidification/stabilization 

Abstract : Arsenic-contaminated mountain tap water supply in Ron Phibun District, Nakorn Si Thammarat Province, Thailand poses a 

health hazard. Arsenic was removed using a constructed wetland (CW) system, in which the treated contaminated tap water 

was sedimented in 3 consecutive ponds before entering into the CW ponds, containing either Cyperus spp. or Colocasia 

esculenta. Following 1 year of operation both plants had similar ability to remove arsenic from mountain tap water. Arsenic 

was mostly concentrated at the roots of both plants. Arsenic in C. esculenta leaves was allowed to leach out in freshwater 

for 149 days, but the level (0.05mgL-1) was much lower than standard guidelines for industrial discharge. For Cyperus spp., 

young shoots were utilized as ornamental plants. As the sediments contained high arsenic levels, they were converted by a 

solidification/stabilization (S/S) system into cement-containing blocks, which after curing for 21 days produced arsenic 

leaching at levels that did not require a secure landfill for storage. The success of this study demonstrated that CW combined 

with appropriate S/S system is a suitable approach for Thailand in removing arsenic from contaminated water. © 2010 Elsevier 

B.V. 

No.840 

Author (s) : Namyen, J.; Buntup, D.; Sitdhiraksa, N.; Prapunpoj, V; Govitrapong, P. 

Title : Association of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism in Thai amphetamine users 





No.841 

Author (s) : Nantakomol, D., Chanprasert, S., Soogarun, S., Imwong, M., Ohashi, J., Nuchnoi, P. 

Title : Affordable technology for enumeration of the absolute CD4 T-lymphocyte count by cell bead assay 

Source : Laboratory Medicine, Volume 41, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 423-428 


Keywords : Absolute count; Cell bead; Flow cytometry; Flow rate based calibration; Trucount 

Abstract : The quantitative BD Trucount (San Jose, CA) tube method is the conventional but expensive method to quantitate CD4+Tlymphocyte 

(CD4) counts, and this may be beyond the means of countries with limited resources. In this study, we validated 

a quantitative method known as a cell-bead (CB) assay to quantitate CD4 counts in the peripheral blood of healthy subjects. 

The absolute CD4 count obtained from the CB method was highly correlated with those obtained from the Trucount tube 

(r2=0.98, y=26.73+1.01x, P<0.0001 and a mean bias of 34.8 cell/μL, limit of agreement [LOA] -34.8-104.4 cell/μL) and flow 

rate-based assay method (r2=0.97; y=69.51 + 0.88x, P<0.0001 and a mean bias -53.5 cell/μL, LOA -149.4-42.3 cell/μL). This 

study demonstrates that the CB method is suitable and more affordable for CD4 quantitation. This method is inexpensive and 

interchangeable with the latex bead-based methods for generating absolute counts in resource-limited areas. 

No.842 

Author (s) : Nantakomol, D., Nuchnoi, P. 

Title : Response from the authors 

Source : Laboratory Medicine, Volume 41, Issue 9, September 2010, Page 567 


310


Keywords : calibration, CD4 lymphocyte count, cell assay, human, Human immunodeficiency virus infected patient, letter, quantitative 

assay 


No.843 

Author (s) : Nantakomol, D., Nuchnoi, P., Noulsri, E., Lerdwana, S., Krisin, S., Chanprasert, S., Pattanapanyasat, K. 

Title : Enumeration of the absolute CD4 T-lymphocyte count by cell-bead assay 

Source : Cytometry Part B - Clinical Cytometry, Volume 78, Issue 4, July 2010, Pages 260-266 


Keywords : CD4 T-lymphocyte; Cell bead; Flow cytometry; Flow rate-based calibration; Trucount 

Abstract : Background: We have previously developed an alternative approach for undertaking absolute cell counting based upon flowrate 

calibration using cell bead (FCB), in which cell bead (CB) can be used as a flow-rate calibration material for generating the 

absolute microparticle counts. Here, we extended our work of counting CD4+ T-lymphocytes in HIV-infected blood samples 

with the FCB method. Methods: CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts in EDTA blood samples from 30 healthy subjects and 80 HIV-1infected 

patients were determined using TriTEST reagent. The absolute CD4+ T-lymphocytes were measured by FCB, and the 

results were compared with the absolute counting by commercial latex bead (CLB) or with flow rate-based calibration 

method (FR). Statistical correlation and agreement were analyzed using linear regression and Bland-Altman analysis. Results: 

There was no significant difference in the absolute number of CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts enumerated by FCB when 

compared with those two reference methods (CLB and FR). The absolute CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts obtained from FCB 

method was highly correlated with those obtained from CLB [r2= 0.99, y = 1.04x - 12.37, P < 0.001, and mean bias 11.96 

cell/μl, limit of agreement (LOA) -57.82 - 81.74 cell/μl], FR method (r2 = 0.98; y = 0.97x - 3.13, P < 0.001, and mean bias - 

24.15 cell/μl, LOA -114.44 - 66.13 cell/μl). Conclusions: The use of FCB is comparable with the use of CLB and FR. This 

approach showed the effective in reducing cost for generating the absolute CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts. Such an approach 

should facilitate and ensure the success of the ongoing antiretroviral therapy program in resource-limited countries. © 2010 

Clinical Cytometry Society. 

No.844 

Author (s) : Nantasenamat, C., Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya, C., Prachayasittikul, V. 

Title : Advances in computational methods to predict the biological activity of compounds 

Source : Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery, Volume 5, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 633-654 


Keywords : Cheminformatics; Computational methods; Data mining; Machine learning; QSAR; Structure activity relationship 

Abstract : Importance of the field: The past decade had witnessed remarkable advances in computer science which had given rise to 

many new possibilities including the ability to simulate and model life's phenomena. Among one of the greatest gifts 

computer science had contributed to drug discovery is the ability to predict the biological activity of compounds and in doing 

so drives new prospects and possibilities for the development of novel drugs with robust properties. Areas covered in this 

review: This review presents an overview of the advances in the computational methods utilized for predicting the biological 

activity of compounds. What the reader will gain: The reader will gain a conceptual view of the quantitative structureactivity 

relationship paradigm and the methodological overview of commonly used machine learning algorithms. Take home 

message: Great advancements in computational methods have now made it possible to model the biological activity of 

compounds in an accurate manner. To obtain such a feat, it is often necessary to forgo several data pre-processing and postprocessing 

procedures. A wide range of tools are available to perform such tasks; however, the proper selection and piecing 

together of complementary components in the prediction workflow remains a challenging and highly subjective task that 

heavily relies on the experience and judgment of the practitioner. © 2010 Informa UK Ltd. 

No.845 

Author (s) : Nantawanit, N., Chanchaichaovivat, A., Panijpan, B., Ruenwongsa, P. 

Title : Induction of defense response against Colletotrichum capsici in chili fruit by the yeast Pichia guilliermondii strain R13 

Source : Biological Control, Volume 52, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 145-152 


Keywords : Biocontrol; Chili fruits; Colletotrichum capsici; Defense response; Induced resistance; Pichia guilliermondii 

311


Abstract : Pichia guilliermondii strain R13, a yeast isolated from Thai rambutan, has been shown to suppress the fungal pathogen 

Colletotrichum capsici in harvested chili. Its multiple modes of action include nutrient competition, tight attachment to the 

fungus, and hydrolytic enzyme secretion. This study investigated the ability of the P. guilliermondii strain R13 to induce 

resistance against C. capsici in chili fruit. The pretreatment of chili with the yeast antagonist, physically separated from the 

fungus by known distances, significantly reduced disease incidence and lesion diameter caused by C. capsici. Compared to 

the controls, the yeast treatment also significantly enhanced the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, chitinase, and β- 

1,3-glucanase, and the accumulation of capsidiol phytoalexin in chili tissue. Scanning electron micrographs showed that the 

morphology of C. capsici spores and hyphae were abnormal and that the pathogen had restricted growth on chili tissue 

adjacent to the yeast-inoculated sites. The results indicate that the induction of resistance may be another mechanism by 

which the yeast antagonist suppresses C. capsici. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 

No.846 

Author (s) : Napolitano, M., Giansily-Blaizot, M., Dolce, A., Knudsen, J.B., Schved, J.F., Auerswald, G., Ingerslev, J., Shamsi, T.S., Altisent, C., 

Chararoenkwan, P., Michaels, L., Chuansumrit, A., di Minno, G., Caliskan, U., Mariani, G. 

Title : Prophylaxis In Congenital Factor VII Deficiency, Indications, Efficacy and Safety: Results of the STER 





No.847 

Author (s) : Narjaikaew, P., Emarat, N., Arayathanitkul, K., Cowie, B. 

Title : MAGNETISM TEACHING SEQUENCES BASED ON AN INDUCTIVE APPROACH FOR FIRST-YEAR THAI UNIVERSITY SCIENCE STUDENTS 

Source : International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, Volume 8, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 891-910 


Keywords : inductive approach; large class; students' understanding; teaching sequences 

Abstract : The study investigated the impact on student motivation and understanding of magnetism of teaching sequences based on 

an inductive approach. The study was conducted in large lecture classes. A pre- and post-Conceptual Survey of Electricity 

and Magnetism was conducted with just fewer than 700 Thai undergraduate science students, before and after being taught 

the concepts, in three academic years. For 2005 and 2006, overall, the students had a better understanding of concepts 

associated with electricity, but a majority of the students seemed not to understand magnetism after the teaching. Drawing 

on these findings, the teaching sequences of the magnetism topic were developed, and then implemented in the academic 

year 2007. The teaching sequences included demonstrations and visuals to help students infer rules and theories for 

themselves (inductive method). In addition, interactive notes, information on historical science discoveries about magnetic 

phenomenon, questions, student discussions, and magnetism problems were used to support student learning during 

lectures. Students in the academic year 2007 performed significantly better after the teaching. In addition, the students had a 

positive perception towards the teaching sequences, which allowed them to be involved more actively during lectures. © 

2010 National Science Council, Taiwan. 

No.848 

Author (s) : Nartthanarung, A., Thanapprapasr, D. 

Title : Comparison of outcomes for patients with cervical cancer who developed bone metastasis after the primary treatment with 

concurrent chemoradiation versus radiation therapy alone. 

Source : International journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society, Volume 20, 

Issue 8, November 2010, Pages 1386-1390 


Keywords : antineoplastic agent; adenocarcinoma, adjuvant therapy, adult, aged, article, bone tumor, comparative 

study, evaluation, female, human, metastasis, middle aged, multimodality cancer therapy, pathology, recurrent 

disease, retrospective study, squamous cell carcinoma, treatment outcome, uterine cervix tumor; 

Adenocarcinoma, Adult, Aged, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Bone Neoplasms, Carcinoma, Squamous 

Cell, Combined Modality Therapy, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Neoadjuvant Therapy, Radiotherapy, 

Adjuvant, Recurrence, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms 

312


Abstract : The aims of this study were to retrospectively compare outcomes for patients with cervical cancer who developed bone 

metastasis later after the primary treatment at the time of diagnosis of cervical cancer with concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT) 

to radiation therapy alone (RT). We retrospectively analyzed the patients with cervical cancer during the period from January 

1998 to December 2007. Of these, 11 patients who received CCRT and 24 patients who received RT went on to develop bone 

metastasis. Among 4620 patients with cervical cancer, 51 patients had bone metastases. Sixteen patients were excluded 

including 10 patients with unavailable records and 6 patients who did not receive CCRT or RT at the time of diagnosis of 

cervical cancer. Thirty-five patients who had bone metastasis received primary treatment with CCRT or RT. The 2 groups of 

patients (CCRT vs RT) were similar in age, histologic cell type, and the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics 

stages. The characteristics of bone metastasis in both groups were also not significantly different. The patients who received 

CCRT did not have a better overall survival than the patients who received RT (median, 19 vs 22 months; 95% confidence 

interval [CI], 14.68-23.32 vs 8.56-35.44). They were comparable in the interval from cervical cancer diagnoses to diagnoses of 

bone metastasis (CCRT group: median, 14 months; 95% CI, 9.14-18.86; RT group: median; 15 months; 95% CI, 10.20-19.80) and 

the survival after diagnosis of bone metastasis between both groups (CCRT group: median, 4 months; 95% CI, 0.76-7.24; RT 

group: median, 7 months; 95% CI, 4.70-9.30). Our retrospective analysis showed that there were no differences in survival 

benefits observed between the patients with cervical cancer who developed bone metastases later after the primary 

treatment with CCRT and RT. 

No.849 

Author (s) : Nasveld, P.E., Ebringer, A., Elmes, N., Bennett, S., Yoksan, S., Aaskov, J., McCarthy, K., Kanesa-thasan, N., Meric, C., Reid, M. 

Title : Long term immunity to live attenuated Japanese encephalitis chimeric virus vaccine: Randomized, double-blind, 5-year phase 

II study in healthy adults 

Source : Human Vaccines, Volume 6, Issue 12, December 2010, Pages 1038-1046 


Keywords : Antibody persistence; Chimeric virus vaccine; Clinical study; Immunogenicity; Japanese encephalitis vaccine; Safety 

Abstract : In a randomized, double-blind study, 202 healthy adults were randomized to receive a live, attenuated Japanese encephalitis 

chimeric virus vaccine (JE-CV) and placebo 28 days apart in a cross-over design. A subgroup of 98 volunteers received a JE-CV 

booster at month 6. Safety, immunogenicity and persistence of antibodies to month 60 were evaluated. There were no 

unexpected adverse events (AEs) and the incidence of AEs between JE-CV and placebo were similar. There were three serious 

adverse events (SAE ) and no deaths. A moderately severe case of acute viral illness commencing 39 days after placebo 

administration was the only SAE considered possibly related to immunization. 99% of vaccine recipients achieved a 

seroprotective antibody titer ≥10 to JE-CV 28 days following the single dose of JE-CV and 97% were seroprotected at month 

6. Kaplan Meier analysis showed that after a single dose of JE-CV, 87% of the participants who were seroprotected at month 

6 were still protected at month 60. This rate was 96% among those who received a booster immunization at month 6. 95% 

of subjects developed a neutralizing titer ≥10 against at least three of the four strains of a panel of wild-type Japanese 

encephalitis virus (JEV) strains on day 28 after immunization. At month 60, that proportion was 65% for participants who 

received a single dose of JE-CV and 75% for the booster group. These results suggest that JE-CV is safe, well tolerated and 

that a single dose provides long-lasting immunity to wild-type strains. © 2010 Landes Bioscience. 

No.850 

Author (s) : Nateewattana, J., Trichaiyaporn, S., Saouy, M., Nateewattana, J., Thavornyutikarn, P., Pengchai, P., Choonluchanon, S. 

Title : Monitoring of arsenic in aquatic plants, water, and sediment of wastewater treatment ponds at the Mae Moh Lignite power 

plant, Thailand 

Source : Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Volume 165, Issue 1-4, June 2010, Pages 585-594 


Keywords : Arsenic; Canna glauca (L.); Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott; Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms.; Ipomoea aquatica 

Forsk.; Mae Moh; Phytoremediation; Typha angustifolia (L.); Wetland pond 

Abstract : Mae Moh is a risky area for arsenic contamination caused by the effluent from biowetland ponds in Mae Moh lignite-fuelled 

power plant. The objective of this study was to investigate the arsenic concentrations of Mae Moh biowetland ponds and 

determine the main factors which are important for arsenic phytoremediation in the treatment system. The result revealed 

that arsenic concentrations in the supernant were in the range of less than 1.0 μg As L-1 to 2.0 μg As L-1 while those in the 

sediment were in the range of 25-200 μg As kg soil-1. Both values were below the Thailand national standard of 0.25 mg As 

L-1 for water and 27 mg As kg soil-1 for the soil. Arsenic accumulation in the biomass of 5 aquatic plants at the biowetland 

313


ponds ranged from 123.83 to 280.53 mg As kgPlant-1. Regarding the result of regression analysis (R 2= 0.474 to 0.954), high 

concentrations of organic matter and other soluble ions as well as high pH value in the sediment could significantly enhance 

the removal of soluble arsenic in the wetland ponds. From the regression equation of accumulated arsenic concentration in 

each aquatic plant, Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms. (R 2= 0.954), Ipomoea aquatica Forsk. (R 2= 0.850), and Typha 

angustifolia (L.) (R 2= 0.841) were found to be preferable arsenic removers for wastewater treatment pond in the condition of 

low Eh value and high content of solid phase EC and phosphorus. On the other hand, Canna glauca (L.) (R 2= 0.749) 

appeared to be favorable arsenic accumulator for the treatment pond in the condition of high Eh value and high 

concentration of soluble EC. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 

No.851 

Author (s) : Nawamawat, K., Sakdapipanich, J.T., Ho, C.C. 

Title : Effect of deproteinized methods on the proteins and properties of natural rubber latex during storage 

Source : Macromolecular Symposia, Volume 288, Issue 1, February 2010, Pages 95-103 


Keywords : Deproteinization; Gel formation; Natural rubber latex particle; Proteins 

Abstract : Three different methods of deproteinization, i.e. saponification, surfactant washing and enzymatic treatment were employed 

to unravel the effect of deproteinized on the properties of natural rubber (NR) latex. The cleavage of proteins in NR latex was 

found to proceed with concomitant formation of low molecular weight polypeptides. This results in a lowering in gel 

formation of the enzyme-treated latex, indicating modification of the remaining proteins at the rubber chain-end. Washing NR 

latex with surfactant would efficiently reduce and remove proteins from NR latex particles through denaturation and 

transferring them to the serum phase. The relatively stable gel formed during storage of surfactant-washed NR latex is an 

indication of the absence of branch formation of proteins at the rubber molecule terminal. Saponification by strong alkali 

would hydrolyze the proteins and phospholipids adsorbed on the latex particle surface. The reason of the significantly higher 

gel formed in saponified NR latex is still not clear. The present study shows that deproteinization treatments result in 

modification of the proteins at the surface of NR latex particles and also those freely-suspended in the serum. The cleavage 

or the denaturation of the rubber proteins during purification by washing has a profound effect on the properties of the 

deproteinized NR latex upon storage, in particular the thermal oxidative aging properties of the rubber obtained. Copyright © 

2010 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. 

No.852 

Author (s) : Nerungsi, C., Wanitchang, P., Sahasithiwat, S., Sadorn, K., Kerdcharoen, T., Thongpanchang, T. 

Title : Organic electroluminescence devices based on anthracene sulfide derivatives 

Source : Tetrahedron Letters, Volume 51, Issue 49, 8 December 2010, Pages 6392-6395 


Keywords : 9,10 bis(1 dodecylthio)anthracene, anthracene derivative, chalcogen, disulfide, oxygen, sulfur, unclassified drug; 

article, electrochemical analysis, light emitting diode, luminescence, synthesis 

Abstract : A series of anthracene derivatives are synthesized and fabricated as light-emitting materials in OLED devices. The 

incorporation of the chalcogen atoms, either oxygen or sulfur, in between the anthracene moiety and the alkyl or aryl 

substituents affected drastically the photo- and electroluminescence properties of the materials, especially the HOMO-LUMO 

band gap and the emitting color of the devices. The new anthracene sulfide derivatives represent a new design for further 

modification of other light-emitting doped materials. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.853 

Author (s) : Netcharoen, N., Limroongreungrat, W., Chottidao, M. 

Title : Comparison of Anaerobic Power between Weight Sled Resistance and Interval Trainings in Thai Athletes 






314


No.854 

Author (s) : Netikul, T., Leelaporn, A., Leelarasmee, A., Kiratisin, P. 

Title : In vitro activities of fosfomycin and carbapenem combinations against carbapenem non-susceptible Escherichia coli and 

Klebsiella pneumonia 

Source : International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, Volume 35, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 609-610 


Keywords : carbapenem, doripenem, ertapenem, fosfomycin, imipenem, meropenem; antibiotic sensitivity, antimicrobial activity, bacterial 

strain, bacterium isolate, controlled study, disk diffusion, Escherichia coli, in vitro study, Klebsiella 

pneumoniae, letter, minimum inhibitory concentration, nonhuman, priority journal; Anti-Bacterial Agents, Carbapenems, Drug 

Resistance, Bacterial, Drug Synergism, Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli Infections, Fosfomycin, Hospitals, Humans, Klebsiella 

Infections, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Microbial Sensitivity Tests 


No.855 

Author (s) : Netsawang, J., Noisakran, S., Puttikhunt, C., Kasinrerk, W., Wongwiwat, W., Malasit, P., Yenchitsomanus, P.-t., Limjindaporn, T. 

Title : Nuclear localization of dengue virus capsid protein is required for DAXX interaction and apoptosis 

Source : Virus Research, Volume 147, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 275-283 


Keywords : Apoptosis; Daxx; Dengue virus capsid protein; Nuclear localization 

Abstract : Dengue virus capsid protein (DENVC) localizes to both the cytoplasm and nucleus of dengue virus-infected cells. DENV C 

contains three nuclear localization signals (NLS), 6KKAR9, 73KKSK76, and the bipartite signal 85RKeigrmlnilnRRRR100. Stable 

HepG2 cells constitutively expressing DENV C, DENV C (∆85-100) and DENV C (∆73-100) were constructed to clarify whether 

nuclear translocation of DENV C affected apoptosis in liver cell line. While the wild-type DENV C could translocate into the 

nuclei of HepG2 cells, the mutant DENV Cs were restricted to the cytoplasm. The loss of nuclear localization of both mutant 

DENV Cs resulted in the disruption of their interactions with the apoptotic protein Daxx. Interestingly, upon treatment with 

anti-Fas antibody, the HepG2 cells expressing the wild-type DENV C showed significantly more apoptosis compared with the 

HepG2 cells expressing either mutant DENV C. To identify the amino acids required for DAXX interaction and apoptosis, 

substitution mutations either (K73A/K74A) or (R85A/K86A) were introduced into the C-terminal region of DENV C, and tested 

whether these mutations affected its interaction with Daxx and apoptosis. The results demonstrate that 73KK and 85RK of 

DENV C are important for its nuclear localization, interaction with DAXX and induction of apoptosis. This work is the first to 

demonstrate that nuclear localization of DENV C is required for DAXX interaction and apoptosis. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights 

reserved. 

No.856 

Author (s) : Nettuwakul, C., Sawasdee, N., Yenchitsomanus, P. 

Title : Rapid detection of solute carrier family 4, member 1 (SLC4A1) mutations and polymorphisms by high-resolution melting 

analysis 

Source : CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY, Volume: 43, Issue: 4-5, Pages: 497-504, DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2009.12.010, Published: MAR 2010 


Keywords : Solute carrier family 4 member A; SLC4A1; Anion exchanger 1; AE1; Band 3; Spherocytosis; Ovalocytosis; Distal renal tubular 

acidosis; dRTA; Real-time PCR; Single nuclectide polymorphism; SNP; Mutation; High-resolution melting; HRM analysis 

Abstract : Objective: The objective of this study is to develop and evaluate a high-resolution melting (HRM) method for detection of 

SLC4A1 Mutations and polymorphisms. Design and methods: The HRM method was optimized for detection of 18 known 

SLC4A1 variants. It was then used for analysis of 16 blind DNA samples highly enriched with two common mutations, 

Southeast Asian ovalocytosis (SAO) and band 3 Bangkok 1 (G701D), to compare the results with that of the conventional 

procedures. Results: The HRM method was able to detect all IS SLC4A1 variants. In the samples in which homozygous wildtype 

and homozygous variant could not be distinguished by difference plots, they were spiked with a sample carrying known 

homozygous genotype, resulting in their clear differentiation. The HRM method had 100% efficiency for detection of 

mutations in the blind DNA samples, when compared with that of the conventional techniques. Conclusions: The developed 

HRM method is efficient and reproducible for detection of SLC4A1 mutations and polymorphisms. (C) 2009 The Canadian 

Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 

315


No.857 

Author (s) : Ngamjanyaporn P., Thakkinstian A., Verasertniyom O., Chatchaipun P., Vanichapuntu M., Nantiruj K., Totemchokchyakarn K., 

Attia J., Janwityanujit S. 

Title : Pharmacogenetics of cyclophosphamide and CYP2C19 polymorphism in Thai systemic lupus erythematosus 

Source : Rheumatology International, Volume 31, Issue 9, September 2011, Pages 1215-1218 


Keywords : Cyclophosphamide; CYP2C19; Ovarian toxicity; Pharmacogenetics; SLE (systemic lupus erythematosus) 

Abstract : To assess whether the CYP2C19 polymorphism modified the effect of cyclophosphamide on ovarian toxicity in Thai patients 

with SLE. We performed a case-control study of female patients with SLE who were treated with cyclophosphamide at 

Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. Cases were patient who had ovarian toxicity (sustained amenorrhoea >12 months or 

lack of menstruation for >4 months). CYP2C19 polymorphism was genotyped using PCR-RFLP method. Logistic regression was 

applied to assess CYP2C19 polymorphism as an effect modifier of cyclophosphamide. Seventy-one patients with SLE were 

enrolled, of which 36 (59.7%) had ovarian toxicity. CYP2C19*2 allele frequencies were 27.8 and 21.4% in the ovarian and nonovarian 

toxicity groups. Patients with CYP2C19*1/*1 genotype and higher cumulative dose of cyclophosphamide (>23.75 g) 

had the highest odds of ovarian toxicity, i.e. 11.0 (95% CI: 1.2-99.1) times higher than patients with the CYP2C19*1/ *2 or*2/*2 

genotypes who received less cyclophosphamide (


investigated. It was found that the mirror-image BC is a suitable boundary treatment for this Min-protein model. The physical 

significance of the results is extensively discussed. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 

No.860 

Author (s) : Ngamsaad, W., Yojina, J., Triampo, W. 

Title : Theoretical studies of phase-separation kinetics in a Brinkman porous medium 

Source : Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical, Volume 43, Issue 20, 2010, Article number 202001 



Abstract : Although the coarsening of binary fluid mixtures in porous media has been of great interest for some time, there are still no 

complete theories for describing the relevant mechanisms, and more theoretical work needs to be carried out. In this work, 

we have proposed a simple model for phase separation of binary fluids in a porous medium, where the Brinkman-extended- 

Darcy equation and Cahn-Hilliard equation are the dynamical constitutions. Using the dimensional analysis approach, our 

findings lead to the prediction of domain coarsening in a porous medium for several regimes, including the conventional 

power laws. In addition, we have found that slowed-down coarsening dynamics are caused by the hydrodynamic screening 

effect, which is governed by the logarithmic law for this regime. Our theoretical results are at least qualitatively consistent 

with previous reports using simulations or experiments. © 2010 IOP Publishing Ltd. 

No.861 

Author (s) : Ngamsuriyaroj, S., Pornpattana, R. 

Title : Performance evaluation of TPC-H queries on MySQL cluster 

Source : 24th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops, WAINA 2010, 2010, 



Keywords : MySQL cluster; Query transformation; TPC-H benchmark 

Abstract : This paper evaluates the performance of TPC-H queries on MySQL cluster via our designed vParNDB middleware based on the 

storage engine called NDB. The middleware combines both inter-query and intra-query parallelism to provide better query 

performance over the original MySQL cluster. Many strategies such as query rewriting and SQL hints are applied to optimize 

query execution plans of all queries as they can be simultaneously executed as subqueries on each MySQL node before the 

final results are aggregated at the front end node. The performance of all 22 TPC-H queries is evaluated, and the results 

illustrate significant speedup as well as better throughput. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.862 

Author (s) : Ngaosuwankul, N., Noisumdaeng, P., Komolsiri, P., Pooruk, P., Chokephaibulkit, K., Chotpitayasunondh, T., Sangsajja, C., 

Chuchottaworn, C., Farrar, J., Puthavathana, P. 

Title : Influenza A viral loads in respiratory samples collected from patients infected with pandemic H1N1, seasonal H1N1 and H3N2 

viruses 

Source : VIROLOGY JOURNAL, Volume: 7, Article Number: 75, DOI: 10.1186/1743-422X-7-75, Published: APR 20 2010 



Abstract : Background: Nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA), nasal swab (NS), and throat swab (TS) are common specimens used for diagnosis 

of respiratory virus infections based on the detection of viral genomes, viral antigens and viral isolation. However, there is no 

documented data regarding the type of specimen that yields the best result of viral detection. In this study, quantitative real 

time RT-PCR specific for M gene was used to determine influenza A viral loads present in NS, NPA and TS samples collected 

from patients infected with the 2009 pandemic H1N1, seasonal H1N1 and H3N2 viruses. Various copy numbers of RNA 

transcripts derived from recombinant plasmids containing complete M gene insert of each virus strain were assayed by RT- 

PCR. A standard curve for viral RNA quantification was constructed by plotting each Ct value against the log quantity of each 

standard RNA copy number. Results: Copy numbers of M gene were obtained through the extrapolation of Ct values of the 

test samples against the corresponding standard curve. Among a total of 29 patients with severe influenza enrolled in this 

study ( 12 cases of the 2009 pandemic influenza, 5 cases of seasonal H1N1 and 12 cases of seasonal H3N2 virus), NPA was 

found to contain significantly highest amount of viral loads and followed in order by NS and TS specimen. Viral loads among 

patients infected with those viruses were comparable regarding type of specimen analyzed. Conclusion: Based on M gene 

317


copy numbers, we conclude that NPA is the best specimen for detection of influenza A viruses, and followed in order by NS 

and TS. 

No.863 

Author (s) : Ngarmukos, C., Chailurkit, L., Chanprasertyothin, S., Hengprasith, B., Sritara, P., Ongphiphadhanakul, B. 

Title : Baseline osteocalcin inversely predicts development of diabetes in a long-term follow-up cohort 

Source : ENDOCRINE JOURNAL, Volume: 57, Supplement: 2, Pages: S326-S326, Published: MAR 2010 




No.864 

Author (s) : Nguyen, T.H., Petchsuk, A., Tangboriboonrat, P., Opaprakasit, M., Sharp, A., Opaprakasit, P. 

Title : Synthesis and characterizations of PLLA/PEG block copolymers 



Keywords : Chain extending; Copolymer; Degradable polymer; PEG; PLLA 

Abstract : Poly(lactic acid-co-ethylene glycol) (PLLA/PEG) copolymers were synthesized and their properties were characterized. The 

PLLA/PEG/PLLA triblock copolymers were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization from l-lactide (LLA) and PEG 

macroinitiator. Stannous octoate, Sn(Oct)2 was used as a catalyst. Effects of molecular weight of PEG (600, 2000 and 4000), 

LLA/OH molar ratios (95:5, 98:2) and a sequence of addition of the reactants on properties of the copolymers were 

investigated. The triblock copolymers were subsequently used in a production of multiblock copolymers by reacting with a 

chain-extending agent, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI). Chemical structure and molecular weight of the copolymers were 

characterized by 1HNMR, FTIR and GPC. The results showed that molecular weight of triblock copolymers varied from 4,500 

to 10,200. After chain extension, multiblock copolymer with molecular weight of 16,490 was produced. Thermal properties of 

the copolymers were also examined by DSC. © (2010) Trans Tech Publications. 

No.865 

Author (s) : Nicolini, F.; Kim, D. W.; Turkina, A.; Alimena, G.; Al-Ali, H. K.; Shen, Z.; Jootar, S.; Smith, G.; De Souza, C.; Dorlhiac-Llacer, P.; 

Rizzieri, D.; Lyon-Caen, S.; Berton, M.; Szczudlo, T.; le Coutre, P. 

Title : ACTIVE DOSE RE-ESCALATION OF NILOTINIB FOLLOWING DOSE REDUCTION IS ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVED EFFICACY IN 

PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PHASE CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA (CML-CP) WHO FAIL IMATINIB 

Source : HAEMATOLOGICA-THE HEMATOLOGY JOURNAL, Volume: 95, Supplement: 2, Pages: 55-55, Meeting Abstract: 0137, Published: 

JUN 2010 




No.866 

Author (s) : Nijvipakul, S., Ballou, D.P., Chaiyen, P. 

Title : Reduction kinetics of a flavin oxidoreductase LuxG from photobacterium leiognathi (TH1): Half-sites reactivity 

Source : Biochemistry, Volume 49, Issue 43, 2 November 2010, Pages 9241-9248 


Keywords : Absorbances, Bi-Phasic, Burst kinetics, Flavin reductase, Functional forms, Kinetic data, Kinetic isotope effects, Labeled 

substrates, Monooxygenases, Overall reactions, Oxidoreductases, Photobacterium leiognathi, Pyridine nucleotides, Reactivity 

models, Reduction kinetics, Reduction phase, Second phase, Steady-state kinetics, Stopped-flow 

spectrophotometry, Transient kinetics, Turnover number, Two-component; Aldehydes, Bacteriology, Charge 

transfer, Coenzymes, Isotopes, Nucleotides, Plants (botany), Rate constants, Reaction intermediates, Spectrophotometry; 

Reaction kinetics; alkanal monooxygenase (FMN linked), flavine mononucleotide, isotope, oxidoreductase, pyridine 

nucleotide, quercetin, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; article, bioluminescence, enzyme binding, enzyme 

kinetics, kinetics, nonhuman, operon, oxidation, Photobacterium leiognathi, priority journal, reduction 

kinetics, spectrophotometry, steady state; Bacterial Proteins, Catalysis, Flavin 

318


Mononucleotide, Flavins, Kinetics, Luciferases, Luminescent Proteins, NAD, Oxidoreductases, Photobacterium, Spectrum 

Analysis; Bacteria (microorganisms), Photobacterium leiognathi 

Abstract : Bacterial bioluminescence is a phenomenon resulting from the reaction of a two-component FMN-dependent aldehyde 

monooxygenase system, which comprises a bacterial luciferase and a flavin reductase. Bacterial luciferase (LuxAB) is one of 

the most extensively investigated two-component monooxygenases, while its reductase partner, the flavin reductase (LuxG) 

from the same operon, has only been recently expressed in a functional form. This work reports transient kinetics 

identification of intermediates in the LuxG reaction using stopped-flow spectrophotometry. The results indicate that the 

overall reaction follows a sequential-ordered mechanism in which NADH binds first to the enzyme, followed by FMN, 

resulting in the formation of charge-transfer intermediate 1 (CT-1) typical of those between reduced pyridine nucleotides and 

oxidized flavins. The next step is the reduction of FMN as indicated by a large decrease in absorbance at 450 nm. The 

reduction of FMN is biphasic. The first phase of FMN reduction occurs concurrently with formation of charge-transfer 

intermediate 2 (CT-2), while the second phase is synchronous with the decay of CT-2. When the isotope-labeled substrate, 

4(R)-[2H]NADH, was used, the first reduction phase showed a primary kinetic isotope effect (Dk red) of ≥3.9 and resulted in 

greater accumulation of CT-1. These results are consistent with CT-1 being the FMNox:NADH complex, while CT-2 is the 

FMNred:NAD+ complex. Because CT-2 decays with a rate constant of 2.8 ± 0.2 s-1, while the turnover number obtained from 

the steady-steady-state kinetics is 1.7 s-1, it is likely that the CT-2 decay step largely controls the overall reaction rate. All 

kinetic data are consistent with a half-sites reactivity model in which flavin reduction occurs at only one subunit at a time. 

The first reduction phase is due to the reduction of FMN in the first subunit, while the second phase is due to the reduction 

of FMN in the second subunit. The latter phase is limited by the rate of decay of CT-2 in the first subunit. The half-sites 

reactivity model is also supported by detection of burst kinetics during the pre-steady-state period that is correlated with 0.5 

mol of the FMN being reduced/mol of the LuxG:NADH complex. The functional importance of this half-site reactivity 

phenomenon is still unclear. © 2010 American Chemical Society. 

No.867 

Author (s) : Nilanont, Y., Komoltri, C., Saposnik, G., Côté, R., Di Legge, S., Jin, Y., Prayoonwiwat, N., Poungvarin, N., Hachinski, V. 

Title : The canadian neurological scale and the NIHSS: Development and validation of a simple conversion model 

Source : Cerebrovascular Diseases, Volume 30, Issue 2, July 2010, Pages 120-126 


Keywords : Acute stroke; Canadian Neurological Scale; Conversion model; National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; Neurological 

scales; Stroke severity assessment 

Abstract : Background: The Canadian Neurological Scale (CNS) and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) are among the 

most reliable stroke severity assessment scales. The CNS requires less extensive neurological evaluation and is quicker and 

simpler to administer. Objective: Our aim was to develop and validate a simple conversion model from the CNS to the NIHSS. 

Methods: A conversion model was developed using data from a consecutive series of acute-stroke patients who were scored 

using both scales. The model was then validated in an external dataset in which all patients were prospectively assessed for 

stroke severity using both scales by different observers which consisted of neurology residents or stroke fellows. Results: In 

all, 168 patients were included in the model development, with a median age of 73 years (20-94). Men constituted 51.8%. 

The median NIHSS score was 6 (0-31). The median CNS score was 8.5 (1.5-11.5). The relationship between CNS and NIHSS 

could be expressed as the formula: NIHSS = 23 - 2 × CNS. A cohort of 350 acute-stroke patients with similar characteristics 

was used for model validation. There was a highly significant positive correlation between the observed and predicted NIHSS 

score (r = 0.87, p < 0.001). The predicted NIHSS score was on average 0.61 higher than the observed NIHSS score (95% CI = 

0.31-0.91). Conclusions: The CNS can be reliably converted to the NIHSS using a simple conversion formula: NIHSS = 23 - 2 × 

CNS. This finding may have a practical impact by permitting reliable comparisons with NIHSS-based evaluations and 

simplifying the routine assessment of acute-stroke patients in more diverse settings. Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel. 

No.868 

Author (s) : Nilanont, Y., Phattharayuttawat, S., Chiewit, P., Chotikanuchit, S., Limsriwilai, J., Chalernpong, L., Yamkaew, N., Lirathpong, N., 

Anprasertporn, P., Komoltri, C., Prayoonwiwat, N., Poungvarin, N. 

Title : Establishment of the Thai version of National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and a validation study. 



319


Keywords : adult, aged, article, Asian, brain ischemia, classification, cultural factor, ethnology, female, hospitalization, human, language, 

male, middle aged, national health organization, nomenclature, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, observer variation, 

pathophysiology, prospective study, reproducibility, stroke, Thailand, United States, validation study; Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 

and over, Asian Continental Ancestry Group, Brain Ischemia, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Female, Humans, Language, Magnetic 

Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, National Institutes of Health (U.S.), Observer Variation, Prospective 

Studies, Reproducibility of Results, Severity of Illness Index, Stroke, Terminology as Topic, Thailand, United States 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) is a well validated stroke severity assessment scale. The 

scale is used to assess neurological deficits, progression and degree of recovery in acute stroke settings. To date, no Thai 

version exists. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to adapt and validate a Thai version of the NIHSS (NIHSS-T). MATERIAL AND 

METHOD: A cross-cultural adaptation of the NIHSS was developed according to the methods recommended by the 

International Quality of Life Assessment Project Group. Forward and backward translations were performed. A final version of 

the NIHSS-T was validated against initial MRI infarction volume and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months in a consecutive 

series of acute stroke patients. The patients were prospectively evaluated by 3 different types of health care providers: 2 

stroke fellows, 2 internists, and 2 stroke nurses. Mean NIHSS-T scores from all raters were used in the analysis. RESULTS: The 

study included 32 acute ischemic stroke patients with a mean age (+/- SD) of 64.53 +/- 14.97 years of age. Men comprised 

71.9%. Mean NIHSS-T score (+/- SD) was 7.49 +/- 7.02. Intra-observer reliability demonstrated a high agreement with an 

intraclass correlation (ICC) of 0.98, 0.98, 0.96, 0.98, 0.90 and 0.98 for 2 stroke fellows, 2 internists and 2 stroke nurses 

respectively. Inter-observer reliability between 6 raters was excellent, i.e.; ICC, 0.99 (0.98, 0.99). Spearman rank correlation 

coefficients between the initial NIHSS-T score versus initial MRI lesion volume and mRS at 3 months were 0.53 and 0.69 with a 

p-value of 0.002 and < 0.001 respectively. CONCLUSION: The Thai version of NIHSS is valid for assessing acute stroke severity. 

The scale is also reliable when administered in a Thai-speaking setting by trained healthcare professionals. 

No.869 

Author (s) : Nillawong, M., Sombatsompop, N., Sirisinha, C. 

Title : Viscoelastic properties of nitrile rubber filled with lignite fly ash 

Source : Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Volume 116, Issue 6, 15 June 2010, Pages 3497-3502 


Keywords : Ash; Nitrile rubber; Reinforcement; Rheology; Viscoelastic behavior 

Abstract : Nitrile rubber (NBR) compounds containing various loadings of fly ash (FA) were prepared, and their viscoelastic properties and 

reinforcement mechanism were investigated and compared with those of natural rubber (NR) compounds reported 

previously. The results obtained exhibit an increase in storage modulus (G′) with increasing FA particularly at high FA loading. 

By contrast, the broadness of linear viscoelastic (LVE) region is found to decrease. With the use of Guth-Gold equation, the 

positive deviation of experimental values of relative modulus outward the theoretical values is observed at low strain of 

deformation. However, at high deformation strain the negative deviation is found. The results imply that the presence of 

pseudo-network (as formed via FA-FA and FA-NBR interactions) and the ball bearing effect provided by FA having spherical 

shape are responsible for the reinforcement in FA filled NBR compounds. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 

No.870 

Author (s) : Nimanong, S.; Siwaporn, C.; Sansak, I.; Tanwandee, T.; Charatcharoenwitthaya, P.; Chotiyaputta, W.; Boonyapisit, K.; Pausawasdi, 

N.; Prachayakul, W.; Pongprasobchai, S.; Leelakusolvong, S.; Manatsathit, S.; Kachintorn, U. 

Title : ORAL L-ORNITHINE-L-ASPARTATE (LOLA) FOR PATIENTS WITH OVERT HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY TREATED WITH LACTULOSE; A 

RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLINDED, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL 





No.871 

Author (s) : Nimitphak, T., Meemetta, W., Arunrut, N., Senapin, S., Kiatpathomchai, W. 

Title : Rapid and sensitive detection of Penaeus monodon nucleopolyhedrovirus (PemoNPV) by loop-mediated isothermal 

amplification combined with a lateral-flow dipstick 

Source : Molecular and Cellular Probes, Volume 24, Issue 1, February 2010, Pages 1-5 

320



Keywords : LAMP; Lateral-flow dipstick; LFD; Loop-mediated isothermal amplification; MBV; Monodon 

baculovirus; PCR; PemoNPV; Penaeus monodon; Penaeus monodon nucleopolyhedrovirus; Shrimp 

Abstract : Several methods such as traditional PCR or nested-PCR, immuno assay and histopathology have been developed for 

detection of Penaeus monodon nucleopolyhedrovirus (PemoNPV) formerly called monodon baculovirus (MBV). However, 

these methods have various disadvantages including low sensitivity, long assay time, use of toxic substances or unsuitability 

for field diagnosis. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification of target nucleotide sequences under isothermal conditions, 

combined with amplicon detection by chromatographic lateral-flow dipsticks allows for more efficient, field friendly detection 

within 75 min (not including DNA preparation time). In this study, the LAMP amplicon was biotinylated via an inner LAMP 

primer designed from a BamHI fragment B, a hypothetical protein gene of PemoNPV under isothermal condition at 63 °C for 

1 h. Next, the LAMP product was hybridized at 63 °C for 5 min with an optimal FITC-labeled probe that was designed 

specifically for the LAMP amplicons. The FITC-labeled biotinylated LAMP product picked up gold-labeled, anti-FITC near the 

LFD origin and the whole, triple-labeled complex was captured by an immobilized biotin-binding protein to yield a red nanogold 

stripe at the LFD test line. With a DNA template extracted from PemoNPV-infected shrimp, the LAMP-LFD detection limit 

was 0.1 pg, whereas one-step PCR and nested-PCR followed with gel electrophoresis was 1 pg. The LAMP-LFD method gave 

negative test results with buffer and DNA from shrimp infected with other common shrimp DNA viruses including, Penaeus 

monodon densovirus (PmDNV) formerly called hepatopancreatic parvovirus (HPV), white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and 

Penaeus stylirostris densovirus (PstDNV) formerly called infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV). The 

test platform can be adapted easily for rapid detection of other shrimp viruses, since the LAMP-LFD combination system was 

a highly sensitive, specific, convenient, and does not require sophisticated instruments. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights 

reserved. 

No.872 

Author (s) : Nintasen, R.; Maneerat, Y.; Chartiburus, P.; Punsawad, C.; Khachansaksumeth, V.; Viriyavejakul, P.; Chaisri, U. 

Title : EFFECTS OF TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR (TNF)-ALPHA AND 17-BETA ESTRADIOL (E(2)) ON PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF INTIMAL 

HYPERPLASIA 





No.873 

Author (s) : Niparuck, P., Kanoksil, W., Chuncharunee, S., Boonsakan, P., Ungkanont, A., Angchaisuksiri, P., Karntisaviwat, K., Apilugsanachit, 

A., Rerkamnuatchoke, B., Jootar, S., Nitiyanant, P., Atichartakarn, V. 

Title : Therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia following fludarabine therapy for non-Hodgkin 

lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia in Thai patients 

Source : Leukemia and Lymphoma, Volume 51, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 2120-2125 


Keywords : 5 aza 2' deoxycytidine, carboplatin, cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, dexamethasone, doxorubicin, etoposide, 

fludarabine, ifosfamide, methotrexate, methylprednisolone, rituximab, vincristine; acute granulocytic leukemia, adult, anemia, 

cancer combination chemotherapy, cancer patient, cancer radiotherapy, cancer relapse, cancer staging, chronic lymphatic 

leukemia, clinical article, dyserythropoiesis, eosinophilia, female, follicular lymphoma, hairy cell leukemia, human, letter, 

lymphocytoma, male, mantle cell lymphoma, marginal zone lymphoma, mean corpuscular volume, myelodysplastic 

syndrome, neutropenia, nonhodgkin lymphoma, pancytopenia, priority journal, Thailand, thrombocytopenia, treatment 

duration; Adult, Aged, Antineoplastic Agents, Female, Humans, Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell, Leukemia, Myeloid, 

Acute, Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin, Male, Middle Aged, Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Neoplasms, Second Primary, Prognosis, 

Retrospective Studies, Thailand, Vidarabine, Young Adult 


No.874 

Author (s) : Niparuck, P., Sorakhunpipitkul, L., Atichartakarn, V., Chuncharunee, S., Ungkanont, A., Aungchaisuksiri, P., Puavilai, T., Jootar, S. 

321


Title : Treatment outcome of thalidomide based regimens in newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory non-transplant multiple 

myeloma patients: A single center experience from Thailand 

Source : Journal of Hematology and Oncology, Volume 3, 2010, Article number 1 


Keywords : acetylsalicylic acid, dexamethasone, doxorubicin, melphalan, prednisolone, thalidomide, warfarin, antineoplastic agent; 

adult, article, clinical article, constipation, controlled study, deep vein thrombosis, disease course, drug 

mechanism, female, follow up, human, infection, male, multiple myeloma, muscle 

weakness, neuropathy, relapse, remission, Thailand, thrombosis, treatment duration, treatment outcome, adjuvant 

therapy, aged, drug effect, drug resistance, evaluation, middle aged, mortality, pathology, recurrent disease, retrospective 

study, salvage therapy, survival, transplantation; Adult, Aged, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Drug 

Resistance, Neoplasm, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multiple Myeloma, Neoadjuvant 

Therapy, Recurrence, Retrospective Studies, Salvage Therapy, Survival 

Analysis, Thailand, Thalidomide, Transplantation, Treatment Outcome 

Abstract : Background. Thalidomide based regimen is an effective and well tolerated therapy in multiple myeloma (MM) patients, 

however, there were a small number of studies written about the results of thalidomide therapy in non-transplant MM 

patients. We therefore conducted a retrospective study of 42 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed and 

relapsed/refractory MM treated with thalidomide- based induction regimens followed by thalidomide maintenance therapy. 

Results. Induction regimens with thalidomide and dexamethasone, and the oral combination of melphalan, prednisolone and 

thalidomide were administrated in 22 and 16 patients, respectively. The remaining 4 patients received other thalidomide- 

containing regimens. Twenty-nine patients received thalidomide as a salvage regimen. Twenty-three out of 26 patients 

achieving complete remission (CR) and very good partial remission (VGPR) received thalidomide maintenance. Of the 41 

evaluable patients, median time of treatment was 21 months (3- 45 months), ORR was 92.7% with a 63.4% CR/VGPR. With a 

median follow up of 23 months, 3-year- PFS and 3-year-OS were 58.6 and 72.6%, respectively. Median time to progression 

was 42 months. While 3-year-PFS and 3-year-OS in non-transplant patients receiving thalidomide maintenance therapy were 

67 and 80%, respectively. Conclusions. Prolonged thalidomide therapy enhanced survival rate and less frequently developed 

serious toxicity in non-transplant multiple myeloma patients. © 2010 Niparuck et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.875 

Author (s) : Nirachanon, A., Smith, D.R. 

Title : A case study of factors influencing employment satisfaction in a thai life sciences research institute 

Source : Scientific Research and Essays, Volume 5, Issue 13, 4 July 2010, Pages 1697-1701 


Keywords : Biotechnology; Questionnaire; Research; Support staff; Thailand 

Abstract : The objective of this study was to find the level of employment satisfaction in a life sciences research institute staffed by a 

mix of academic and non-academic staff. Both academic and non-academic staff members were included in the survey. The 

study population comprised 121 employees at the Institute of Science and Technology for Research and Development, 

Mahidol University. The instrument for gathering data was in the form of a questionnaire consisting of 27 questions as well as 

5 basic demographic questions determining sex, age, level of education, rate of salary and working duration. Employment 

satisfaction was measured on a five point scale in terms of career progression, employment stability, job characteristic, 

relationship with colleagues, relationship to immediate supervisor and the physical work environment. Data were analyzed in 

both univariate and multivariate analyses. From the 121 questionnaires given out, 105 completed questionnaires were 

returned (86.78%). The majorities of the study population were females, and aged between 31 - 40 years old. In terms of 

education, the majority of respondents had a Bachelor's degree, earned between 10,001 - 20,000 Baht and had been 

employed for between 11 and 20 years. Overall, it was determined that the level of satisfaction was moderate, since the 

relationship with colleagues showed the highest level of satisfaction and career progression showed the lowest. In particular, 

longer serving staff members were more likely to feel that they were underserved in the provision of short, professional 

training sources. This is the first analysis of staff from a research institute in a developing country. Although, relatively simple 

in format, it may have application in other developing and under-developed countries as a quick and simple screening tool to 

determine the well being of the employees in research institutes. © 2010 Academic Journals. 

No.876 

Author (s) : Nitiyanant, W. 

322


Title : Epidemiology of diabetes and metabolic syndrome in Thailand 

Source : ENDOCRINE JOURNAL, Volume: 57, Supplement: 2, Pages: S313-S313, Published: MAR 2010 




No.877 

Author (s) : Niwattayakul, K., Kaewtasi, S., Chueasuwanchai, S., Hoontrakul, S., Chareonwat, S., Suttinont, C., Phimda, K., Chierakul, W., 

Silpasakorn, S., Suputtamongkol, Y. 

Title : An open randomized controlled trial of desmopressin and pulse dexamethasone as adjunct therapy in patients with 

pulmonary involvement associated with severe leptospirosis 

Source : Clinical Microbiology and Infection, Volume 16, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 1207-1212 


Keywords : Desmopressin; Dexamethasone; Leptospirosis; Pulmonary involvement 

Abstract : Pulmonary involvement in leptospirosis is emerging as a common complication of severe leptospirosis. A prospective 

randomized controlled trial of desmopressin or high-dose (pulse) dexamethasone as adjunctive therapy in 68 patients with 

pulmonary involvement associated with severe leptospirosis was conducted between July 2003 and October 2006 at five 

hospitals in Thailand. There were 23 patients in the desmopressin group, 22 in the pulse dexamethasone group, and 23 in a 

control group who received standard critical care alone. The diagnosis of leptospirosis was confirmed in 52 patients (77%). 

There were 15 deaths (22%), of which eight patients received desmopressin, four patients received pulse dexamethasone, 

and three patients received critical care alone (p 0.19). Eight patients with confirmed leptospirosis died (five patients in the 

desmopressin group, one in the pulse dexamethasone group and two in the control group). The mortality was not 

significantly different in the desmopressin group or pulse dexamethasone group compared to the control group in both 

intention-to-treat patients, and in patients with confirmed leptospirosis. There were no serious events associated with 

desmopressin treatment, although pulse dexamethasone treatment was associated with a significant increase in nosocomial 

infection. The results of logistic regression analysis revealed that serum bilirubin level was the only significant risk factor 

associated with mortality (OR 0.759, 95% CI 0.598-0.965, p 0.024). The results obtained in the present study do not support 

the use of either pulse dexamethasone or desmopressin as adjunct therapy for pulmonary involvement associated with 

severe leptospirosis. © 2010 The Authors. Journal Compilation © 2010 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and 

Infectious Diseases. 

No.878 

Author (s) : Niyomphol, W., Ruenwongsa, P. 

Title : Application of text-based math braille translation software in learning mathematics 



Keywords : Braille; Mathematics; NEMETH; Translation; Visually impaired 

Abstract : This research project involves the development of a text-based math Braille translation software to support learning in 

mathematics. The researcher collected 192 math symbols from Nemeth Braille code resources. Nemeth code was used as 

the basis of text-based math symbols design for regular print text entry in any text editor. The math translation software was 

developed to convert these text-based math symbols to Braille. This software can be interfaced to Braille software for other 

languages. The software was tested for its performance with 10 subjects who are math teachers and material production staff 

in Thailand. They were given 3 hours of training on the use of the software and 2 hours to work on an exercise. Overall 

performance of the exercise was 95.32 percent accuracy. Based on the questionnaire after the exercise, overall satisfaction 

level of using this method was between the range of "acceptable and "good". A follow-up interview reflects the opinion that 

this method would be most appropriate for math teachers and material production staff who are not familiar with Braille. 

This software would provide greater access toward math education of children with visual impairment. © Common Ground, 

Wiraman Niyomphol, Pintip Ruenwongsa. 

No.879 

Author (s) : Noisakran, S., Onlamoon, N., Pattanapanyasat, K., Hsiao, H.M., Chokephaibulkit, K., Perng, G.C. 

Title : THROMBOCYTOPENIA IN DENGUE PATIENTS: THE EFFECTS OF BODY TEMPERATURE AND CIRCULATING CD41(+)CD61(+) CELLS 

323







No.880 

Author (s) : Noisopa, C., Prapagdee, B., Navanugraha, C., Hutacharoen, R. 

Title : Effects of bio-extracts on the growth of Chinese kale 

Source : Kasetsart Journal - Natural Science, Volume 44, Issue 5, September 2010, Pages 808-815 


Keywords : Bio-extract; Chinese cabbage; Chinese kale; Growth promotion; Soybean 

Abstract : The effectiveness of three bio-extracts: Chinese kale, Chinese cabbage and soybean on Chinese kale growth was compared. 

The nutrient composition and chemical properties of the three bio-extracts were investigated. The various concentrations of 

each bio-extract were applied daily to the supporting media, to enhance Chinese kale growth. The height, fresh weight and 

dry weight of the Chinese kale were measured for both stems and leaves. The results showed that the acidic condition of all 

bio-extracts had a high electrical conductivity (EC). However, the nutrient concentration in each bio-extract was noted to be 

less than that of the complete nutrient solution. Furthermore, soybean bio-extract performed the best in the most acidic 

conditions, had the highest EC values, and the greatest amount of total nutrients. Chinese kale and Chinese cabbage bioextracts 

performed similarly in terms of chemical characteristics. With regard to growth enhancement using these bio-extracts 

with determined concentrations, a complete nutrient solution gave the best height and both fresh and dry weights, and 

showed a significant statistical difference from the other two bio-extracts. Soybean bio-extract was the most effective bioextract 

to enhance growth. 

No.881 

Author (s) : Nopparat, C., Porter, J.E., Ebadi, M., Govitrapong, P. 

Title : The mechanism for the neuroprotective effect of melatonin against methamphetamine-induced autophagy 

Source : Journal of Pineal Research, Volume 49, Issue 4, November 2010, Pages 382-389 


Keywords : apoptosis; autophagy; Bcl-2; Beclin 1; melatonin; methamphetamine; reactive oxygen species 

Abstract : Methamphetamine (METH) is a common drug of abuse that induces toxicity in the central nervous system and is connected 

to neurological disorders such as Parkinsons disease. METH neurotoxicity is induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) 

production and apoptosis. Moreover, autophagy is an alternative to cell death and a means for eliminating dysfunctional 

organelles. In other cases, autophagy can end up in cell death. Nonetheless, it is not clear whether autophagy is also 

correlated with apoptotic signaling in drug-induced neurotoxicity. Therefore, we hypothesized that METH-generated toxicity 

associated with initiating the apoptotic signaling cascade can also increase the autophagic phenotype in neuronal cells. Using 

the SK-N-SH dopaminergic cell line as our model system, we found that METH-induced autophagy by inhibiting dissociation of 

Bcl-2/Beclin 1 complex and its upstream pathway that thereby led to cell death. We uncovered a novel function for the antiapoptotic 

protein Bcl-2, as it played a role in negatively regulating autophagy by blocking an essential protein in the signaling 

pathway, Beclin 1. Furthermore, Bcl-2 was activated by c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK 1), which is upstream of Bcl-2 

phosphorylation, to induce Bcl-2/Beclin 1 dissociation. Furthermore, we demonstrated a novel role for melatonin in 

protecting cells from autophagic cell death triggered by the Bcl-2/Beclin 1 pathway by inhibiting the activation of the JNK 1, 

Bcl-2 upstream pathway. This study provides information regarding the link between apoptosis and autophagy signaling, which 

could lead to the development of therapeutic strategies that exploit the neurotoxicity of drugs of abuse. © 2010 The 

Authors. 

No.882 

Author (s) : Nopparatjamjomras, S., Panijpan, B. 

Title : Emperor's crown model teaches fluidics 

Source : Physics Education, Volume 45, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 137-138 



324



No.883 

Author (s) : Norbu, Dilokwanich, S., Uyasatian, U., Saguanwong, P. 

Title : Municipal solid waste management in Phuntsholing city, Bhutan 

Source : EnvironmentAsia, Volume 3, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 111-116 


Keywords : Bhutan; Management; Municipal solid waste; Phuntsholing city 

Abstract : Municipal solid waste problem is a major concern in major cities in Bhutan. Despite the lack of reliable data on both waste 

composition and quantity, no studies have been conducted to identify problems and alternatives to improve the current 

system. The study objectives are: 1) to determine solid waste composition and generation rate; and 2) to investigate current 

solid waste management system. Six waste samples were selected in Phuntsholing city from three designated collection 

spots and from three collection vehicles and analyzed for their composition. Waste generation rate was computed from 

waste collected by collection vehicles. The investigation was carried out through interviews with municipal authorities, 

existing document reviews, and field observations. The organic fraction of solid waste composition comprised about 71 

percent. The waste generation rate was estimated to 0.40 kg/capita.day. The current management system is inefficient, and 

recommendations are given to improve the current situation. 

No.884 

Author (s) : Nosten, F. 

Title : Waking the sleeping beauty 

Source : Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 202, Issue 9, 1 November 2010, Pages 1300-1301 


Keywords : antimalarial agent, artemether, artemisinin, artesunate; antimalarial activity, antimicrobial therapy, dormancy, drug 

absorption, drug exposure, drug metabolism, gametocyte, gametogenesis, host parasite interaction, human, malaria 

falciparum, medical information, mitochondrial genome, nonhuman, note, phenotype, Plasmodium falciparum, priority 

journal, reinfection; Antimalarials, Artemisinins, Humans, Malaria, Falciparum, Microbial Viability, Plasmodium 

falciparum, Recurrence 


No.885 

Author (s) : Novaprateep, B., Khompurngson, K., Poltem, D. 

Title : Learning the value of a function by using hypercircle inequality for data error 



Keywords : Convex optimization and noise data; Hypercircle inequality; Regularization; Reproducing kernel hilbert space 

Abstract : In this paper, we briefly review Hypercircle inequality for data error (Hide) measured with square loss. We provide it in the 

case that the unit ball B is replaced by δB where δ is any positive number. Moreover, we also discuss some important facts 

of Hide for practical computation and study the problem in learning the value of a function in reproducing kernel Hilbert 

space (RKHS) by using the available material from Hide with different values of δ We compare our numerical experiment to 

the method of regularization, which is the standard method for learning problem. 

No.886 

Author (s) : Nuchprayoon, S.; Sungpradit, S.; Jedlicka, A. E.; Bailey, J.; Scott, A. L. 

Title : Blood microfilarial-stage specific gene expression profile of Brugia malayi 

Source : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, Volume: 14, Supplement: 1, Pages: E111-E111, DOI: 

10.1016/j.ijid.2010.02.1733, Published: MAR 2010 




325


No.887 

Author (s) : Nugultham, K., Shiowatana, J. 

Title : Teaching science in Thai secondary schools using experimental kits 



Keywords : Experimental kit; Hands-on; Inquiry-based learning; Test kit 

Abstract : This study was to develop low-cost experimental kits and to design learning tools for Thai secondary school science teaching. 

Test kits provide a rapid testing device. The test kits used in the study were based on colorimetric analyses. The experimental 

kit was designed to support students exploring and learning issues associated with substances, solution and the properties of 

consumer products and the environment. It consisted of instructional manuals for teacher and student activities, lesson 

plans, assessment items in addition to the test kits for pH, phosphate and dissolved oxygen provided to help students' 

learning effectively. Pre-knowledge and post tests were conducted before and after using the experimental kit. The data were 

analyzed both in quantitative and qualitative views. Findings showed that the experimental kits could increase understanding 

of chemistry concepts and students enjoyed using the experimental kits while learning essential concepts and making more 

discussion in science. © Common Ground, Kulthida Nugultham, Juwadee Shiowatana. 

No.888 

Author (s) : Nuinoon, M., Makarasara, W., Mushiroda, T., Setianingsih, I., Wahidiyat, P.A., Sripichai, O., Kumasaka, N., Takahashi, A., Svasti, S., 

Munkongdee, T., Mahasirimongkol, S., Peerapittayamongkol, C., Viprakasit, V., Kamatani, N., Winichagoon, P., Kubo, M., 

Nakamura, Y., Fucharoen, S. 

Title : A genome-wide association identified the common genetic variants influence disease severity in β0-thalassemia/hemoglobin 

e 

Source : Human Genetics, Volume 127, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 303-314 


Keywords : alpha globin, beta globin, DNA, guanine nucleotide binding protein, hemoglobin E, protein bcl 11a, protein Myb, transcription 

factor, unclassified drug; adolescent, adult, article, beta thalassemia, blood transfusion, chromosome 2p, chromosome 

6q, controlled study, disease severity, DNA extraction, DNA microarray, dot hybridization, female, gene cluster, gene 

locus, gene replication, genetic association, genetic variability, genotype, heredity, human, human cell, Indonesia, major 

clinical study, male, phenotype, polymerase chain reaction, priority journal, restriction fragment length polymorphism, scoring 

system, spleen size, splenectomy; Adolescent, Adult, alpha-Globins, beta-Globins, beta-Thalassemia, Child, Child, 

Preschool, DNA Mutational Analysis, Female, Gene Frequency, Genome-Wide Association Study, Hemoglobin 

E, Humans, Male, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Severity of Illness Index, Young Adult 

Abstract : β-Thalassemia/HbE disease is clinically variable. In searching for genetic factors modifying the disease severity, patients were 

selected based on their disease severities, and a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed. Genotyping was 

conducted with the Illumina Human 610-Quad BeadChips array using DNAs from 618 Thai β0-thalassemia/HbE patients who 

were classified as 383 severe and 235 mild phenotypes by a validated scoring system. Twenty-three SNPs in three 

independent genes/regions were identified as being significantly associated with the disease severity. The highest association 

was observed with SNPs in the β-globin gene cluster (chr.11p15), and rs2071348 of the HBBP1 gene revealed the most 

significant association [P = 2.96 × 10-13, odds ratio (OR) = 4.33 (95% confidence interval (CI), 2.74-6.84)]. The second was 

identified in the intergenic region between the HBS1L and MYB genes (chr.6q23), among which rs9376092 was the most 

significant [P = 2.36 × 10-10, OR = 3.07 (95% CI, 2.16-4.38)]. The third region was located in the BCL11A gene (chr.2p16.1), and 

rs766432 showed the most significant association [P = 5.87 × 10-10, OR = 3.06 (95% CI, 2.15-4.37)]. All three loci were 

replicated in an independent cohort of 174 Indonesian patients. The associations to fetal hemoglobin levels were also 

observed with SNPs on these three regions. Our data indicate that several genetic loci act in concert to influence HbF levels 

of β0-thalassemia/HbE patients. This study revealed that all the three reported loci and the α-globin gene locus are the best 

and common predictors of the disease severity in β-thalassemia. © 2009 Springer-Verlag. 

No.889 

Author (s) : Numbenjapon N., Nakavachara P., Santiprabhob J., Kiattisakthavee P., Wongarn R., Likitmaskul S. 

Title : Successful strategy to improve glucose tolerance in Thai obese youth. 

Source : J Med Assoc Thai, 2010; 93 (Suppl. 6): S131-S138 


326


Keywords : Obesity, Impaired glucose tolerance, Diabetes mellitus, Lifestyle modification, Metformin, Children, Adolescents 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity is an emerging national health problem in Thailand. Our previous study found that one 

third of obese children and adolescents had impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 2.6 percent had already developed type 2 

diabetes mellitus. An immediate strategy needs to be established in order to improve these metabolic problems. OBJECTIVE: 

To determine whether diet and exercise education for lifestyle modification with or without metformin therapy in our 

diabetes clinic is enable to improve these metabolic problems. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Twenty-six Thai obese children and 

adolescents with IGT, who received at least 6 months of treatment consisting of lifestyle modification alone or lifestyle 

modification and metformin (combined treatment) were enrolled into this study. Each patient underwent the second 2-hour 

oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Plasma glucose, insulin levels, HbA1C and lipid profiles were measured. The results were 

compared with historical pre-treatment data. RESULTS: Approximately 1 year after intervention, 19 out of 26 patients with IGT 

completed the second 2-hour OGTT. Sixteen patients (84.2%) successfully reversed to be normal glucose tolerance whereas 

3 patients (15.8%) remained IGT. Body mass index (BMI), BMISDS, 2-hour plasma glucose, basal insulin level, 2-hour insulin 

level were significantly decreased after treatment in normal OGTT group (Ps < 0.05). Treatment with lifestyle modification 

alone and combined treatment indifferently improved the abnormal glucose tolerance in our patient (83.3% vs. 84.6%). 

CONCLUSION: Impaired glucose tolerance in obese youth is a reversible abnormality by lifestyle modification with or without 

metformin. 

No.890 

Author (s) : Nunta-Aree, S., Sitthinamsuwan, B., Boonyapisit, K., Pisarnpong, A. 

Title : Sw2-year outcomes of subthalamic deep brain stimulation for idiopathic Parkinson's disease 



Keywords : Deep brain stimulation; Parkinson's disease; Subthalamic nucleus 

Abstract : Background: Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) is the recent surgical treatment of choice for 

patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) complicated by motor fluctuation and disabling dyskinesia. Objective: To 

study 2 years clinical outcomes, changes of medication and complications following STN-DBS in patients with advanced PD. 

Material and Method: Twenty-seven patients with 2-year follow-up and complete data were enrolled for retrospective 

evaluation of Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and levodopa equivalent dose (LED). Postoperative UPDRS at 6month, 

1-year and 2-years were compared with the preoperative corresponding UPDRS. Postoperative LED at 2 years was 

compared with the preoperative baseline. Statistical analysis was performed with paired t-test. Additionally, 62 patients with 

STN-DBS were enrolled for evaluation of treatment complications. Results: Of 27 patients with complete 2-years follow-up, 

preoperative dopamine challenge test showed 50.6% improvement of motor score (UPDRS axis III). Mentation, behavior and 

mood (UPDRS axis I) were not significantly improved in each subscore, but significantly improved in the total score. Marked 

improvement of activities of daily living (UPDRS axis II) and complications of therapy (UPDRS IV) was found. Two-year 

postoperative motor score (UPDRS axis III) during "off medication-on stimulator" showed progressive and dramatic 

improvement by mean of 59.83%. The present study also revealed significant improvement of motor score (UPDRS axis III) 

during "on medication-on stimulator" in some items. A significant 33.4% reduction of LED was noted. Of 62 patients with 

bilateral STN-DBS, there was 1 asymptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (0.8% per side), 2 speech difficulty (3.2%), 1 transient 

confusion (1.6%), 2 transient hypomania (3.2%), 1 stimulation induced hemiballism (1.6%), 1 wound infection (1.6%) and 1 

lead malposition (0.8% per side). Conclusion STN-DBS is a safe and effective treatment for PD complicated by motor 

fluctuation or dyskinesia. The operative outcomes show long-term improvement of activities of daily living, motor function 

and reduction of medication and drugrelated complications. 

No.891 

Author (s) : Nunta-Aree, S., Tuntongtip, D., Sitthinamsuwan, B., Srirabheebhat, P., Nitising, A., Witthiwej, T. 

Title : Accuracy of various subthalamic nucleus targeting methods and an appropriated formula for Thai patients 



Keywords : Deep brain stimulation; Subthalamic nucleus; Targeting method 

Abstract : Objective: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) has recently been the standard surgical treatment 

for Parkinson's disease. Besides appropriate selection of patients, precise STN targeting is the most crucial factor for good 

surgical outcomes. However, there is no single targeting method universally accepted as the most accurate technique. Thus, 

327


the authors studied the accuracy of various STN targeting methods and proposed a formula for Thai patients. Material and 

Method: Sixteen patients with Parkinson's disease who fulfilled the intraoperative criteria of good STN targeting and had 

significant clinical improvements, without any stimulation-induced adverse effects, were included in the present study. 

Positions of the STN were determined by four targeting methods, direct targeting by axial T2W MRI, direct targeting by coronal 

T2W MRI, indirect targeting by anterior commissure-posterior commissure based formula and indirect targeting by adjustable 

digital Schaltenbrand-Wahren (SW) atlas, were compared with the final lead positions. The final lead positions by the four 

targeting methods were averaged to get an appropriate AC-PC based formula for Thai patients. Results: The most accurate 

STN targeting method was axial T2W MRI followed by coronal T2W MRI, AC-PC based formula and the SW atlas, respectively. 

The averaged final lead positions obtained from the four methods was X = 11.5 ± 1.0, Y = -3.3 ± 1.0 and Z = -4.8 ± 0.42 mm. 

Conclusion: The direct targeting by axial T2W MRI yielded the highest accuracy and the appropriate STN formula for Thai 

patients appeared to be X = ±11.5, Y = -3.5 (-3.3) and Z = -5.0 (-4.8) mm. 

No.892 

Author (s) : Nuntagowat, C., Leelawat, K., Tohtong, R. 

Title : NGAL knockdown by siRNA in human cholangiocarcinoma cells suppressed invasion by reducing NGAL/MMP-9 complex 

formation 

Source : Clinical and Experimental Metastasis, Volume 27, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages 295-305 


Keywords : Cholangiocarcinoma; Invasion; MMP-9; NGAL; siRNA 

Abstract : We studied the role of Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin (NGAL, lipocalin 2) in regulating the invasiveness of a 

cholangiocarcinoma cell line, RMCCA-1. RMCCA-1 cells expressed multiple forms of 25, 40, 75 and 115/135 kDa NGAL which 

were detected in the conditioned medium, whereas only the 25 kDa form was detected in the cell lysates. NGAL expression 

was induced by serum deprivation. NGAL downregulation by siRNA suppressed NGAL mRNA and protein expression by about 

70-80%, concommittant with a significant reduction of in vitro invasiveness, migration and pro-MMP-9 activity, but not cell 

proliferation. Suppression of pro-MMP-9 activity paralleled a reduction of NGAL/MMP-9 complex in the conditioned medium, 

although MMP-9 mRNA expression was unaffected. Our data suggest that NGAL promotes the invasiveness of the 

cholangiocarcinoma cells by forming complex with MMP-9, stabilizing its activity and rendering the cancer cells to be more 

invasive. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 

No.893 

Author (s) : Nuntapornsak, A., Wongdee, K., Thongbunchoo, J., Krishnamra, N., Charoenphandhu, N. 

Title : Changes in the mRNA expression of osteoblast-related genes in response to β3-adrenergic agonist in UMR106 cells 

Source : Cell Biochemistry and Function, Volume 28, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 45-51 


Keywords : Adrenergic receptor; Alkaline phosphatase; Bone remodeling; Osteocalcin; Osteoprotegerin; Real-time PCR 

Abstract : Activation of adrenergic receptors (AR) was demonstrated to result in either bone gain or bone loss depending on the 

activated AR subtypes and concentrations of agonists used. While β2-AR agonist was extensively investigated as an 

osteopenic agent, effects of β3-AR activation on osteoblasts were still elusive. Rat osteoblast-like UMR106 cells were herein 

found to express several AR subtypes, including β3-AR. After exposure to a low-dose β3-AR agonist BRL37344 (10 nmol L-1), 

UMR106 cells downregulated the mRNA expression of transcription factors Runx2 and Dlx5, which are important for initiation 

of osteoblast differentiation. Low-dose BRL37344 also decreased the expression ratio of receptor activator of nuclear factor 

kB ligand (RANKL) over osteoprotegerin (OPG), suggesting the protective effect of β3-AR agonist against bone resorption. 

Alkaline phosphatase expression was markedly decreased, whereas expressions of osteocalcin and osteopontin were 

increased by 100 nmol L-1 BRL37344, indicating that β3-AR activation could accelerate the transition of matrix maturation 

stage to mineralization stage. In conclusion, b3-AR activation in rat osteoblasts induced alteration in the expression of 

osteoblast-related transcription factor genes as well as genes required for bone formation and resorption. The present results 

also suggest that, besides β2-AR, β3-AR is another AR subtype responsible for the sympathetic nervous system-induced bone 

remodeling. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 

No.894 

Author (s) : Nuntasukkasame, N. 

Title : PRESSURE ULCER PREVENTION AND CURE OF PRESSURE ULCER INPATIENTS IN SIRIRAJ HOSPITAL (THAILAND) 

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No.895 

Author (s) : Nuntnarumit, P., Rojnueangnit, K., Tangnoo, A. 

Title : Oxygen saturation trends in preterm infants during the first 15 min after birth 

Source : Journal of Perinatology, Volume 30, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 399-402 


Keywords : After birth; Oxygen saturation; Preterm infants 

Abstract : Objective:To determine oxygen saturation (SpO2) trends in healthy preterm newborns during the first 15 min after birth and 

to ascertain factors affecting SpO 2 changes during that period.Study Design:An observational study was conducted. Preterm 

newborns with gestational age (GA) less than 35 weeks, who did not require oxygen supplementation during the first 15 min 

of life, were enrolled. Pulse oximetry was applied to the right hand immediately after birth. SpO2 data were recorded 

continuously every 2 s and were then transferred to a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet for analysis. The time to reach a stable 

SpO2 85 ≥or ≥90% was described by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using log-rank test.Result:A total of 102 

preterm newborns were eligible, of whom 27 were excluded, resulting in 75 newborns enrolled into the study with a median 

(range) GA of 35 (29 to 35) weeks, median (range) birth weight of 2390 (1270 to 2990) g and median (range) Apgar scores at 1 

and 5 min of 9 (5 to 10) and 10 (7 to 10), respectively. There was a gradual increase in SpO 2 with time. The median 

(interquartile range, IQR) SpO 2 at 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 min was 77% (72 to 92), 84% (75 to 94), 88% (80 to 94), 90% (79 to 95) and 

95% (85 to 97), respectively. Newborns with a lower GA seemed to have lower SpO 2 values. The median (IQR) time to reach 

a stable SpO2 ≥85 or ≥90% was 4 (3 to 6) and 5 (3 to 57) min, respectively. The mode of delivery was a significant factor 

affecting SpO 2; infants delivered by cesarean section had a significantly lower SpO2 and took a longer time to reach SpO2 

≥85% compared with those delivered by vaginal delivery (HR1.96, 95% CI1.11 to 3.49; P0.02). All enrolled newborns had no 

serious complications and they survived to discharge.Conclusion:SpO 2 in preterm newborns gradually increased with time. 

Approximately half of the preterm newborns had an SpO2 <90% during the first 5 min of life. Infants delivered by cesarean 

section had a lower SpO2 than those delivered by vaginal delivery. © 2010 Nature Publishing Group All rights reserved. 

No.896 

Author (s) : Nuurai, P., Engsusophon, A., Poomtong, T., Sretarugsa, P., Hanna, P., Sobhon, P., Wanichanon, C. 

Title : Stimulatory effects of egg-laying hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone on reproduction of the tropical abalone, 

Haliotis asinina Linnaeus 



Keywords : abalone; egg laying hormone; gonad maturation; gonadotropin releasing hormone; Haliotis asinina; sexual 

differentiation; spawning 

Abstract : Egg-laying hormone (ELH) is a neuropeptide hormone that stimulates ovulation of gastropods, including Aplysia californica and 

Lymnaea stagnalis. Other neuropeptides, gonadotropin releasing hormones (GnRHs), also play important roles in controlling 

reproduction in both vertebrates and invertebrates. In the current study, the effects of abalone ELH (aELH) and several GnRHs 

on somatic growth, sex differentiation, gonad maturation, and spawning of Haliotis asinina were investigated in 3 experiments. 

In experiment 1, groups of 4-mo-old juveniles (11.8 ± 0.03 mm shell length (SL) and 0.33 ± 0.04 g body weight (BW)) were 

injected with aELH and GnRHs, including buserelin (mammalian GnRH analogue), octopus GnRH (octGnRH), and tunicate GnRH- 

I (tGnRH-I), at doses of 20 ng/g BW and 200 ng/g BW. The aELH induced early sex differentiation with a bias toward females, 

but with normal somatic growth, whereas the different isoforms of GnRH had no effect on sexual differentiation or somatic 

growth. In experiment 2, groups of 1-y-old-abalone (SL, 4.04 ± 0.02 cm; BW, 20.15 ± 0.25 g) were injected with aELH and the 3 

isoforms of GnRH including buserelin, octGnRH, and lamprey GnRH (IGnRH-I) at doses of 500 ng/g BW and 1,000 ng/g BW, and 

all produced stimulatory effects. For each peptide treatment, the gonads reached full maturation within 56 wk and spawning 

occurred, whereas control groups took 8 wk to reach maturity. In experiment 3, injections of ripe abalone with aELH 

stimulated spawning of both sexes in a dose-dependent manner. Buserelin had a lesser effect on inducing spawning, and 

octGnRH had no apparent effect. The gametes released from induced spawnings by aELH and GnRH showed normal 

329


fertilization and development of larvae. Altogether, these findings provide further knowledge on manipulating abalone 

reproduction, which is important in improving abalone aquaculture. 

No.897 

Author (s) : Nuurai, P., Poljaroen, J., Tinikul, Y., Cummins, S., Sretarugsa, P., Hanna, P., Wanichanon, C., Sobhon, P. 

Title : The existence of gonadotropin-releasing hormone-like peptides in the neural ganglia and ovary of the abalone, Haliotis asinina 

L. 

Source : Acta Histochemica, Volume 112, Issue 6, November 2010, Pages 557-566 


Keywords : Abalone; Gnrh; Gonadotropin-releasing hormone; Haliotis asinina; Immunohistochemistry; Neural ganglia; Ovary 

Abstract : Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a neuropeptide that is conserved in both vertebrate and invertebrate species. In 

this study, we have demonstrated the presence and distribution of two isoforms of GnRH-like peptides in neural ganglia and 

ovary of reproductively mature female abalone, Haliotis asinina, using immunohistochemistry. We found significant 

immunoreactivities (ir) of anti-lamprey(l) GnRH-III and anti-tunicate(t) GnRH, but with variation of labeling intensity by each 

anti-GnRH type. lGnRH-III-ir was detected in numerous type 1 neurosecretory cells (NS1) throughout the cerebral and 

pleuropedal ganglia, whereas tGnRH-I-ir was detected in only a few NS1 cells in the dorsal region of cerebral and pleuropedal 

ganglia. In addition, a small number of type 2 neurosecretory cells (NS2) in cerebral ganglion showed lGnRH-III-ir. Long nerve 

fibers in the neuropil of ventral regions of the cerebral and pluropedal ganglia showed strong tGnRH-I-ir. In the ovary, lGnRH- 

III-ir was found primarily in oogonia and stage I oocytes, whereas tGnRH-ir was observed in stage I oocytes and some stage II 

oocytes. These results indicate that GnRH produced in neural ganglia may act in neural signaling. Alternatively, GnRH may also 

be synthesized locally in the ovary where it could induce oocyte development. © 2009 Elsevier GmbH. 

No.898 

Author (s) : Nyunt, S.W., Howteerakul, N., Suwannapong, N., Rajatanun, T. 

Title : Self-efficacy, self-care behaviors and glycemic control among type-2 diabetes patients attending two private clinics in Yangon, 

Myanmar 



Keywords : Diabetes; Glycemic control; Myanmar; Self efficacy; Self-care behavior 

Abstract : This cross-sectional study aimed to estimate the prevalence of glycemic control and its associated factors among type-2 

diabetes patients attending two private clinics in Yangon, Myanmar. Two hundred sixty-six diabetes patients attending two 

private diabetes clinics in Yangon during February and March, 2009 were included in the study. The participants completed a 

structured questionnaire. HbA1c was used as the index for glycemic control. The prevalence of successful glycemic control 

(HbA1c≤7%) was 27.1%. The median HbA1c value was 7.8%. About 62.0% of patients had high self-efficacy levels, and 30.8% 

had good self-care behavior. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed four variables associated with glycemic control: age 

≥60 years (OR 2.46, 95%CI 1.17-5.21), taking one oral hypoglycemic agent (OHA) (OR 2.56, 95%CI 1.26-5.19), being overweight 

(OR 2.01, 95%CI 1.02-3.95) and having a high self-efficacy level (OR 5.29, 95%CI 2.20-12.75). Interventions to increase diabetic 

patient self-efficacy levels and selfcare behavior, especially related to diet and exercise, are needed to reduce poor glycemic 

control. 

No.899 

Author (s) : Okamoto, M., Nakao, M., Blair, D., Anantaphruti, M.T., Waikagul, J., Ito, A. 

Title : Evidence of hybridization between Taenia saginata and Taenia asiatica 

Source : Parasitology International, Volume 59, Issue 1, March 2010, Pages 70-74 


Keywords : Hybridization; Outcrossing; Taenia asiatica; Taenia saginata 

Abstract : There has long been a debate as to the specific status of the cestode Taenia asiatica, with some people regarding it as a 

distinct species and some preferring to recognize it as a strain of Taenia saginata. The balance of current opinion seems to be 

that T. asiatica is a distinct species. In this study we performed an allelic analysis to explore the possibility of gene exchange 

between these closely related taxa. In total, 38 taeniid tapeworms were collected from humans living in many localities 

including Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand where the two species are sympatric. A mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-based 

multiplex PCR tentatively identified those parasites as T. asiatica (n = 20) and T. saginata (n = 18). Phylogenetic analyses of a 

330


mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene and two nuclear loci, for elongation factor-1 alpha (ef1) and ezrinradixin-moesin 

(ERM)-like protein (elp), assigned all except two individual parasites to the species indicated by multiplex PCR. 

The two exceptional individuals, from Kanchanaburi Province, showed a discrepancy between the mtDNA and nuclear DNA 

phylogenies. In spite of their possession of sequences typical of the T. saginata cox1 gene, both were homozygous at the elp 

locus for one of the alleles found in T. asiatica. At the ef1 locus, one individual was homozygous for the allele found at high 

frequency in T. asiatica while the other was homozygous for the major allele in T. saginata. These findings are evidence of 

occasional hybridization between the two species, although the possibility of retention of ancestral polymorphism cannot be 

excluded. © 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.900 

Author (s) : Okiro, E.A., White, L.J., Ngama, M., Cane, P.A., Medley, G.F., Nokes, D.J. 

Title : Duration of shedding of respiratory syncytial virus in a community study of Kenyan children 

Source : BMC Infectious Diseases, Volume 10, 22 January 2010, Article number 15 


Keywords : adolescent, age, article, child, controlled study, disease duration, disease severity, female, human, immunofluorescence 

test, infant, Kenya, lower respiratory tract infection, major clinical study, male, newborn, preschool child, prognosis, public 

health, reinfection, Respiratory syncytial pneumovirus, school child, sex difference, viral upper respiratory tract infection, virus 

infection, virus shedding, virus transmission, physiology, proportional hazards model, respiratory syncytial virus 

infection, virology; Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Kenya, Male, Proportional Hazards 

Models, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections, Respiratory Syncytial Viruses, Virus Shedding 

Abstract : Background: Our understanding of the transmission dynamics of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection will be better 

informed with improved data on the patterns of shedding in cases not limited only to hospital admissions.Methods: In a 

household study, children testing RSV positive by direct immunofluorescent antibody test (DFA) were enrolled. Nasal 

washings were scheduled right away, then every three days until day 14, every 7 days until day 28 and every 2 weeks until a 

maximum of 16 weeks, or until the first DFA negative RSV specimen. The relationship between host factors, illness severity 

and viral shedding was investigated using Cox regression methods.Results: From 151 families a total of 193 children were 

enrolled with a median age of 21 months (range 1-164 months), 10% infants and 46% male. The rate of recovery from 

infection was 0.22/person/day (95% CI 0.19-0.25) equivalent to a mean duration of shedding of 4.5 days (95%CI 4.0-5.3), with 

a median duration of shedding of 4 days (IQR 2-6, range 1-14). Children with a history of RSV infection had a 40% increased 

rate of recovery i.e. shorter duration of viral shedding (hazard ratio 1.4, 95% CI 1.01-1.86). The rate of cessation of shedding 

did not differ significantly between males and females, by severity of infection or by age.Conclusion: We provide evidence of 

a relationship between the duration of shedding and history of infection, which may have a bearing on the relative role of 

primary versus re-infections in RSV transmission in the community. © 2010 Okiro et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.901 

Author (s) : Olsen, S.J., Supawat, K., Campbell, A.P., Anantapreecha, S., Liamsuwan, S., Tunlayadechanont, S., Visudtibhan, A., 

Lupthikulthum, S., Dhiravibulya, K., Viriyavejakul, A., Vasiknanonte, P., Rajborirug, K., Watanaveeradej, V., Nabangchang, C., 

Laven, J., Kosoy, O., Panella, A., Ellis, C., Henchaichon, S., Khetsuriani, N., Powers, A.M., Dowell, S.F., Fischer, M. 

Title : Japanese encephalitis virus remains an important cause of encephalitis in Thailand 

Source : International Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 14, Issue 10, October 2010, Pages e888-e892 


Keywords : Encephalitis; Japanese encephalitis; Surveillance; Vaccine 

Abstract : Background: Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is endemic in Thailand and prevention strategies include vaccination, vector 

control, and health education. Methods: Between July 2003 and August 2005, we conducted hospital-based surveillance for 

encephalitis at seven hospitals in Bangkok and Hat Yai. Serum and cerebrospinal (CSF) specimens were tested for evidence of 

recent JEV infection by immunoglobulin M (IgM) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a plaque reduction 

neutralization test (PRNT). Results: Of the 147 patients enrolled and tested, 24 (16%) had evidence of acute flavivirus 

infection: 22 (15%) with JEV and two (1%) with dengue virus. Of the 22 Japanese encephalitis (JE) cases, 10 (46%) were aged 

≤15 years. The median length of hospital stay was 13 days; one 13-year-old child died. Ten percent of encephalitis patients 

enrolled in Bangkok hospitals were found to have JEV infection compared to 28% of patients enrolled in hospitals in 

southern Thailand (p< 0.01). Four (40%) of the 10 children with JE were reported as being vaccinated. Conclusions: JEV 

remains an important cause of encephalitis among hospitalized patients in Thailand. The high proportion of JE among 

331


encephalitis cases is concerning and additional public health prevention efforts or expanded vaccination may be needed. © 


No.902 

Author (s) : Omodeo-Salè, F., Cortelezzi, L., Vommaro, Z., Scaccabarozzi, D., Dondorp, A.M. 

Title : Dysregulation of L-arginine metabolism and bioavailability associated to free plasma heme 

Source : American Journal of Physiology - Cell Physiology, Volume 299, Issue 1, July 2010, Pages C148-C154 


Keywords : Arginase; Ferriprotoporphyrin IX; Malaria 

Abstract : Severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria is associated with hypoargininemia, which contributes to impaired systemic and 

pulmonary nitric oxide (NO) production and endothelial dysfunction. Since intravascular hemolysis is an intrinsic feature of 

severe malaria, we investigated whether and by which mechanisms free heme [Fe(III)-protoporphyrin IX (FP)] might contribute 

to the dysregulation of L-arginine (L-Arg) metabolism and bioavailability. Carrier systems "y+" [or cationic amino acid 

transporter (CAT)] and "y+L" transport L-Arg into red blood cells (RBC), where it is hydrolyzed to ornithine and urea by 

arginase (isoform I) or converted to NO • and citrulline by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Our results show a 

significant and dose-dependent impairment of L-Arg transport into RBC pretreated with FP, with a strong inhibition of the 

system carrier y+L. Despite the impaired L-Arg influx, higher amounts of L-Arg-derived urea are produced by RBC preexposed 

to FP caused by activation of RBC arginase I. This activation appeared not to be mediated by oxidative modifications of the 

enzyme. We conclude that L-Arg transport across RBC membrane is impaired and arginase-mediated L-Arg consumption 

enhanced by free heme. This could contribute to reduced NO production in severe malaria. Copyright © 2010 the American 

Physiological Society. 

No.903 

Author (s) : Ongvarrasopone, C., Chomchay, E., Panyim, S. 

Title : Antiviral effect of PmRab7 knock-down on inhibition of Laem-Singh virus replication in black tiger shrimp 

Source : Antiviral Research, Volume 88, Issue 1, October 2010, Pages 116-118 


Keywords : Double-stranded RNA; Penaeus monodon; Rab7; RNAi 

Abstract : PmRab7 is a Penaeus monodon small GTPase protein possibly involved in replication of several shrimp viruses. In this study 

RNA interference (RNAi) using double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) targeting PmRab7 gene (dsRNA-PmRab7) was employed to silence 

the expression of PmRab7 to investigate the inhibitory effect on Laem-Singh virus (LSNV) replication. Injection of dsRNA- 

PmRab7 24. h before challenge with the virus resulted in a drastic decrease of PmRab7 mRNA and complete inhibition of 

LSNV replication at 3 days post-challenge. In a therapeutic mode, shrimp injected with dsRNA-PmRab7 1 day but not at 3 or 5 

days post-LSNV challenge resulted in inhibition of LSNV replication. These results pave the way to use dsRNA-PmRab7 to 

prevent or cure LSNV infection in shrimp. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

No.904 

Author (s) : Onlamoon, N., Noisakran, S., Hsiao, H.-M., Duncan, A., Villinger, F., Ansari, A.A., Perng, G.C. 

Title : Dengue virus - Induced hemorrhage in a nonhuman primate model 

Source : Blood, Volume 115, Issue 9, 4 March 2010, Pages 1823-1834 


Keywords : creatine kinase, D dimer, hemoglobin; animal experiment, animal model, animal tissue, article, B lymphocyte, bleeding, blood 

chemistry, blood component, concentration (parameters), controlled study, Dengue 

virus, female, hematocrit, Macaca, male, monocyte, neutropenia, nonhuman, pathogenesis, primate, priority journal, T 

lymphocyte, thrombocyte, thrombocyte aggregation, thrombocytopenia, viremia, virus infection, virus 

strain, animal, blood, dengue, disease model, human, leukocyte, pathogenicity, pathology, time, virology, virus load; 

Animals, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, Dengue Virus, Disease Models, Animal, Female, Humans, Leukocytes, Macaca 

mulatta, Male, Platelet Aggregation, Time Factors, Viral Load 

Abstract : Lack of a dengue hemorrhagic animal model recapitulating human dengue virus infection has been a significant impediment 

in advancing our understanding of the early events involved in the pathogenesis of dengue disease. In efforts to address this 

issue, a group of rhesus macaques were intravenously infected with dengue virus serotype 2 (strain 16 681) at 1 × 107 

PFU/animal. A classic dengue hemorrhage developed 3 to 5 days after infection in 6 of 6 animals. Blood chemistry appeared 

332


to be normal with exception of creatine phosphokinase, which peaked at 7 days after infection. A modest thrombocytopenia 

and noticeable neutropenia concomitant with slight decrease of hemoglobin and hematocrit were registered. In addition, the 

concentration of D-dimer was elevated significantly. Viremia peaked at 3 to 5 days after infection followed by an inverse 

relationship between T and B lymphocytes and a bimodal pattern for platelet-monocytes and platelet-neutrophil aggregates. 

Dengue virus containing platelets engulfed by monocytes was noted at 8 or 9 days after infection. Thus, rhesus macaques 

inoculated intravenously with a high dose of dengue virus produced dengue hemorrhage, which may provide a unique 

platform to define the early events in dengue virus infection and help identify which blood components contribute to the 

pathogenesis of dengue disease. © 2010 by The American Society of Hematology. 

No.905 

Author (s) : Ooi, C.J., Fock, K.M., Makharia, G.K., Goh, K.L., Ling, K.L., Hilmi, I., Lim, W.C., Kelvin, T., Gibson, P.R., Gearry, R.B., Ouyang, Q., 

Sollano, J., Manatsathit, S., Rerknimitr, R., Wei, S.-C., Leung, W.K., De Silva, H.J., Leong, R.W. 

Title : The Asia-Pacific consensus on ulcerative colitis 

Source : Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Volume 25, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 453-468 


Keywords : Asia Pacific; Biologic agents; Consensus statements; Delphi; Diagnosis; Epidemiology; Inflammatory bowel 

disease; Leukocytapheresis; Management; Ulcerative colitis 

Abstract : Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing in many parts of the Asia-Pacific region. There is a need to improve the 

awareness of IBD and develop diagnostic and management recommendations relevant to the region. This evidence-based 

consensus focuses on the definition, epidemiology and management of ulcerative colitis (UC) in Asia. A multi-disciplinary 

group developed the consensus statements, reviewed the relevant literature, and voted on them anonymously using the 

Delphi method. The finalized statements were reviewed to determine the level of consensus, evidence quality and strength 

of recommendation. Infectious colitis must be excluded prior to diagnosing UC. Typical histology and macroscopic extent of 

the disease seen in the West is found in the Asia-Pacific region. Ulcerative colitis is increasing in many parts of Asia with 

gender distribution and age of diagnosis similar to the West. Extra-intestinal manifestations including primary sclerosing 

cholangitis are rarer than in the West. Clinical stratification of disease severity guides management. In Japan, leukocytapheresis 

is a treatment option. Access to biologic agents remains limited due to high cost and concern over opportunistic infections. 

The high endemic rates of hepatitis B virus infection require stringent screening before initiating immune-suppressive agents. 

Vaccination and prophylactic therapies should be initiated on a case-by-case basis and in accordance with local practice. 

Colorectal cancer complicates chronic colitis. A recent increase in UC is reported in the Asia-Pacific region. These consensus 

statements aim to improve the recognition of UC and assist clinicians in its management with particular relevance to the 

region. © 2010 Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Foundation and Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd. 

No.906 

Author (s) : Opasanon, S., Muangman, P., Namviriyachote, N. 

Title : Clinical effectiveness of alginate silver dressing in outpatient management of partial-thickness burns 

Source : International Wound Journal, Volume 7, Issue 6, December 2010, Pages 467-471 


Keywords : Alginate silver dressing; Askina Calgitrol Ag®; Burn; Silver sulfadiazine 

Abstract : Askina Calgitrol Ag® (B. Braun Hospicare Ltd, Collooney Co. Sligo, Ireland), alginate silver wound dressing, is an advanced 

wound dressing which combines the potent broad-spectrum antimicrobial action of silver with enhanced exudate 

management properties of calcium alginate and polyurethane foam. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy 

of Askina Calgitrol Ag® and 1% silver sulfadiazine (1% AgSD) in the outpatient management of partial-thickness burn wounds 

at Burn Unit, Siriraj Hospital. A prospective descriptive study was conducted between January 2008 and January 2009 in Burn 

Unit, Division of Trauma Surgery, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand. The 65 patients with partial-thickness burn 

wounds, less than 24 hours post-burn injury, had a total body surface area (TBSA%) less than 15% were treated at Siriraj 

Outpatient Burn Clinic. All patients were divided into Askina Calgitrol Ag® treated group (30 patients) and 1% AgSD treated 

group (35 patients). The data were compared by the demographics including age, gender, % TBSA burn, pain score, number of 

wound dressing change, nursing time and time of wound healing. Patients included in both groups were comparable with no 

significant differences in demographic data of age, gender, location of burn and type of burn injury (P > 0·05 evaluated by 

paired Student's t-test) between both group. The present results showed that average pain scores in the Askina Calgitrol Ag® 

treated group were significantly lower than the 1% AgSD treated group (2·23 ± 1·87 versus 6·08 ± 2·33, respectively) between 

333


both groups (P < 0·02). Patients treated with Askina Calgitrol Ag® had significantly lower number of wound dressing change (P 

< 0·02) and nursing time (P < 0·02) compared with 1% AgSD treated group. The Askina Calgitrol Ag® group needed less 

frequent wound dressing. Healing time was 7 ± 3·51 days after the application of Askina Calgitrol Ag®. This was significantly 

shorter than that of control wounds (14 ± 4·18 days). Application of Askina Calgitrol Ag® leads to a good burn wound 

outcome. The present study confirms the effectiveness of Askina Calgitrol Ag® in the outpatient management of partialthickness 

burn wounds. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and Medicalhelplines.com Inc. 

No.907 

Author (s) : Opatrná, S., Chiangjong, W., Korabečná, M., Sintiprungrat, K., Sinchaikul, S., Chen, S.-T., Matějovič, M., Thongboonkerd, V. 

Title : Plasma proteome profiling of von Hippel-Lindau disease after total and subtotal nephrectomy: A preliminary study 

Source : Clinical Biochemistry, Volume 43, Issue 1-2, January 2010, Pages 142-149 


Keywords : Chronic kidney disease; Nephrectomy; Plasma; Proteome; Proteomics; Renal cell carcinoma; Renal failure; von Hippel- 

Lindau 

Abstract : Objectives: Common treatment of renal cell carcinoma associated with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is total (bilateral) or 

subtotal nephrectomy. Whereas total nephrectomy is associated with absolutely no residual renal function, subtotal 

nephrectomy frequently leads to chronic kidney disease (CKD) with some residual renal functions. However, molecular 

mechanisms underlying CKD remain unclear and the diagnosis of CKD is frequently accomplished at its late stage. Design and 

methods: We performed a plasma proteomics study to compare the plasma proteome profile of VHL patient who underwent 

total nephrectomy to the profiles of VHL patient with subtotal nephrectomy and healthy control. Totally 100 μg proteins 

from each sample was resolved by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) in triplicate and visualized with SYPRO Ruby 

fluorescence stain. Results: The normal plasma proteome profile markedly differed from the profiles of VHL patients. 

Comparative analysis between total versus subtotal nephrectomized patients revealed significant differences in levels of 20 

plasma proteins. Pathway analysis revealed two important networks involving in lipid metabolism, molecular transport, 

carbohydrate metabolism, cellular growth and proliferation, and small molecule biochemistry, in which these identified and 

other proteins interplayed. Conclusions: Our data identified potential biomarkers for CKD. Further characterization of these 

identified proteins might also lead to better understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying CKD. © 2009 The Canadian 

Society of Clinical Chemists. 

No.908 

Author (s) : Overman, A., Bumrungpert, A., Kennedy, A., Martinez, K., Chuang, C.-C., West, T., Dawson, B., Jia, W., McIntosh, M. 

Title : Polyphenol-rich grape powder extract (GPE) attenuates inflammation in human macrophages and in human adipocytes 

exposed to macrophage-conditioned media 

Source : International Journal of Obesity, Volume 34, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages 800-808 


Keywords : Adipocytes; Grape powder extract; Inflammation; Insulin resistance; Macrophages 

Abstract : Background:Obesity-associated inflammation is characterized by an increased abundance of macrophages (Ms) in white 

adipose tissue (WAT), leading to the production of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and prostaglandins (PGs) that can 

cause insulin resistance. Grape powder extract (GPE) is rich in phenolic phytochemicals that possess anti-oxidant and antiinflammatory 

properties.Objective:We examined the ability of GPE to prevent lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated inflammation 

in human Ms and silence the cross-talk between human Ms and adipocytes.Design:We investigated the effect of GPE 

pretreatment on LPS-mediated activation of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-B) and 

activator protein-1 (AP-1), and induction of inflammatory genes in human Ms (that is, differentiated U937 cells). In addition, 

we determined the effect of GPE pretreatment of Ms on inflammation and insulin resistance in primary human adipocytes 

incubated with LPS-challenged M-conditioned medium (M-CM).Methods and Results:Pretreatment of Ms with GPE attenuated 

LPS-induction of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1Β; chemokines, 

such as IL-8 and interferon-γ inducible protein-10 (IP-10); and a marker of PG production, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Grape 

powder extract also attenuated LPS activation of MAPKs, NF-B and AP-1 (c-Jun), as evidenced by decreased (1) 

phosphorylation of c-Jun NH 2-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38; (2) degradation of IBα and activation of an NF-B reporter 

construct; and (3) phosphorylation of c-Jun and Elk-1. Using LPS-challenged M-CM, GPE pretreatment attenuated M-mediated 

inflammatory gene expression, activation of an NF-B reporter and suppression of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in human 

adipocytes.Conclusion:Collectively, these data demonstrate that GPE attenuates LPS-mediated inflammation in Ms, possibly 

334


by decreasing the activation of MAPKs, NF-B and AP-1, and that GPE decreases the capacity of LPS-stimulated Ms to inflame 

adipocytes and cause insulin resistance. © 2010 Macmillan Publishers Limited All rights reserved. 

No.909 

Author (s) : Oyama, Y., Hashiguchi, T., Taniguchi, N., Tancharoen, S., Uchimura, T., Biswas, KK., Kawahara, K., Nitanda, T., Umekita, Y., Lotz, 

M., Maruyama, I. 

Title : High-mobility group box-1 protein promotes granulomatous nephritis in adenine-induced nephropathy 

Source : LABORATORY INVESTIGATION, Volume: 90, Issue: 6, Pages: 853-866, DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2010.64, Published: JUN 2010 


Keywords : chronic inflammation; granulomatous nephritis; HMGB1; macrophages; MCP-1; renal tubular epithelial cells 

Abstract : Granulomatous nephritis can be triggered by diverse factors and results in kidney failure. However, despite accumulating data 

about granulomatous inflammation, pathogenetic mechanisms in nephritis remain unclear. The DNA-binding high-mobility 

group box-1 protein (HMGB1) initiates and propagates inflammation when released by activated macrophages, and functions 

as an 'alarm cytokine' signaling tissue damage. In this study, we showed elevated HMGB1 expression in renal granulomas in 

rats with crystal-induced granulomatous nephritis caused by feeding an adenine-rich diet. HMGB1 levels were also raised in 

urine and serum, as well as in monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), a mediator of granulomatous inflammation. 

Injection of HMGB1 worsened renal function and upregulated MCP-1 in rats with crystal-induced granulomatous nephritis. 

HMGB1 also induced MCP-1 secretion through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) 

pathways in rat renal tubular epithelial cells in vitro. Hmgb1(+/-) mice with crystal-induced nephritis displayed reduced MCP-1 

expression in the kidneys and in urine and the number of macrophages in the kidneys was significantly decreased. We 

conclude that HMGB1 is a new mediator involved in crystal-induced nephritis that amplifies granulomatous inflammation in a 

cycle where MCP-1 attracts activated macrophages, resulting in excessive and sustained HMGB1 release. HMGB1 could be a 

novel target for inhibiting chronic granulomatous diseases. Laboratory Investigation (2010) 90, 853-866; 

doi:10.1038/labinvest.2010.64; published online 15 March 2010 

No.910 

Author (s) : Oyomopito, R., Lee, M.P., Phanuphak, P., Lim, P.L., Ditangco, R., Zhou, J., Sirisanthana, T., Chen, Y.M.A., Pujari, S., Kumarasamy, 

N., Sungkanuparph, S., Lee, C.K.C., Kamarulzaman, A., Oka, S., Zhang, F.J., Mean, C.V., Merati, T., Tau, G., Smith, J., Li, P.C.K. 

Title : Measures of site resourcing predict virologic suppression, immunologic response and HIV disease progression following highly 

active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD) 

Source : HIV Medicine, Volume 11, Issue 8, September 2010, Pages 519-529 


Keywords : Antiretroviral therapy; Asia; CD4 counts; Diagnostic monitoring; Viral load 

Abstract : Objectives: Surrogate markers of HIV disease progression are HIV RNA in plasma viral load (VL) and CD4 cell count (immune 

function). Despite improved international access to antiretrovirals, surrogate marker diagnostics are not routinely available in 

resource-limited settings. Therefore, the objective was to assess effects of economic and diagnostic resourcing on patient 

treatment outcomes. Methods: Analyses were based on 2333 patients initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) 

from 2000 onwards. Sites were categorized by World Bank country income criteria (high/low) and annual frequency of VL (≥3, 

1-2 or


No.911 

Author (s) : Pagès, M., Chaval, Y., Herbreteau, V., Waengsothorn, S., Cosson, J.-F., Hugot, J.-P., Morand, S., Michaux, J. 

Title : Revisiting the taxonomy of the Rattini tribe: A phylogeny-based delimitation of species boundaries 

Source : BMC Evolutionary Biology, Volume 10, Issue 1, 2010, Article number 184 


Keywords : biodiversity, data set, disease transmission, DNA fingerprinting, economic development, global change, host-pathogen 

interaction, morphology, phylogenetics, phylogeny, rodent, taxonomy, type specimen; Southeast Asia; mitochondrial DNA; 

animal, article, Bayes theorem, cell nucleus, classification, DNA sequence, genetics, molecular 

evolution, phylogeny, rat, sequence alignment, Southeast Asia, species difference, statistical model; Animals, Asia, 

Southeastern, Bayes Theorem, Cell Nucleus, DNA, Mitochondrial, Evolution, Molecular, Likelihood 

Functions, Phylogeny, Rats, Sequence Alignment, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Species Specificity 

Abstract : Background. Rodents are recognized as hosts for at least 60 zoonotic diseases and may represent a serious threat for human 

health. In the context of global environmental changes and increasing mobility of humans and animals, contacts between 

pathogens and potential animal hosts and vectors are modified, amplifying the risk of disease emergence. An accurate 

identification of each rodent at a specific level is needed in order to understand their implications in the transmission of 

diseases. Among the Muridae, the Rattini tribe encompasses 167 species inhabiting South East Asia, a hotspot of both 

biodiversity and emerging and re-emerging diseases. The region faces growing economical development that affects habitats, 

biodiversity and health. Rat species have been demonstrated as significant hosts of pathogens but are still difficult to 

recognize at a specific level using morphological criteria. DNA-barcoding methods appear as accurate tools for rat species 

identification but their use is hampered by the need of reliable identification of reference specimens. In this study, we 

explore and highlight the limits of the current taxonomy of the Rattini tribe. Results. We used the DNA sequence information 

itself as the primary information source to establish group membership and estimate putative species boundaries. We 

sequenced two mitochondrial and one nuclear genes from 122 rat samples to perform phylogenetic reconstructions. The 

method of Pons and colleagues (2006) that determines, with no prior expectations, the locations of ancestral nodes defining 

putative species was then applied to our dataset. To give an appropriate name to each cluster recognized as a putative 

species, we reviewed information from the literature and obtained sequences from a museum holotype specimen following 

the ancient DNA criteria. Conclusions. Using a recently developed methodology, this study succeeds in refining the taxonomy 

of one of the most difficult groups of mammals. Most of the species expected within the area were retrieved but new 

putative species limits were also indicated, in particular within Berylmys and Rattus genera, where future taxonomic studies 

should be directed. Our study lays the foundations to better investigate rodent-born diseases in South East Asia and 

illustrates the relevance of evolutionary studies for health and medical sciences. © 2010 Pagès et al; licensee BioMed Central 

Ltd. 

No.912 

Author (s) : Pagnarith, Y., Kumar, V., Thaipadungpanit, J., Wuthiekanun, V., Amornchai, P., Sin, L., Day, N.P., Peacock, S.J. 

Title : Emergence of pediatric melioidosis in Siem Reap, Cambodia 

Source : American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 82, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 1106-1112 


Keywords : amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, cloxacillin; adolescent, antimicrobial 

therapy, article, awareness, bacterial infection, bacterial meningitis, bacterial pneumonia, bacterium culture, Burkholderia 

infection, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Cambodia, cause of death, child, childhood disease, childhood mortality, chronic otitis 

media, chronic suppurative otitis media, clinical article, drug substitution, drug withdrawal, female, hospital 

admission, human, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, kidney disease, male, melioidosis, parotitis, preschool child, respiratory 

failure, school child, thalassemia, tuberculous spondylitis; Adolescent, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacterial Typing 

Techniques, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Cambodia, Child, Child, 

Preschool, Female, Genotype, Humans, Male, Melioidosis, Phylogeny 

Abstract : We describe the first cases of pediatric melioidosis in Cambodia. Thirty-nine cases were diagnosed at the Angkor Hospital for 

Children, Siem Reap, between October 2005 and December 2008 after the introduction of microbiology capabilities. Median 

age was 7.8 years (range = 1.6-16.2 years), 15 cases were male (38%), and 4 cases had pre-existing conditions that may have 

pre-disposed the patient to melioidosis. Infection was localized in 27 cases (69%) and disseminated in 12 cases (31%). Eleven 

cases (28%) were treated as outpatients, and 28 (72%) cases were admitted. Eight children (21%) died a median of 2 days 

after admission; seven deaths were attributable to melioidosis, all of which occurred in children receiving suboptimal 

336


antimicrobial therapy and before bacteriological culture results were available. Our findings indicate the need for heightened 

awareness of melioidosis in Cambodia, and they have led us to review microbiology procedures and antimicrobial prescribing 

of suspected and confirmed cases. Copyright © 2010 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 

No.913 

Author (s) : Pakakasama, S., Veerakul, G., Sosothikul, D., Chainansamit, S.-O., Laosombat, V., Thanarattanakorn, P., Lumkul, R., Wiangnon, S., 

Wangruangsathit, S., Narkbunnam, N., Kanjanapongkul, S. 

Title : Late effects in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A study from Thai Pediatric Oncology Group 

Source : International Journal of Hematology, Volume 91, Issue 5, June 2010, Pages 850-854 


Keywords : Acute lymphoblastic leukemia; ALL; Late effects; Survivors; Thai 

Abstract : Survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are at risk of long-term late effects. Therefore, systematic 

screenings of the late complications are essential. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of late effects 

of Thai children and adolescents after completion of ALL therapy. We performed a cross-sectional study for evaluation of the 

late effects in ALL survivors who came for follow-up at 10 pediatric oncology centers in Thailand. We evaluated the 

treatment-related late complications of children and adolescents who had finished ALL treatment for at least 2 years. 

Demographic data, treatment modalities, and late effects were recorded and analyzed. There were 258 survivors with a 

median age of 12.2 years (range 3.6-23.3 years). The median follow-up time was 7.2 years (range 2-17.5 years). Forty-seven 

percent (122 cases) suffered from at least one late effect. Overweight/obesity was the most common late effect. Radiation of 

central nervous system was a significant risk factor for overweight/obesity (OR 1.97, 95% CI 1.02-3.81) and educational 

problems (OR 4.3, 95% CI 1.32-14.02). Our data have demonstrated a significant prevalence of late effects after childhood ALL 

therapy. A long-term follow-up program for survivors of childhood cancer is therefore needed in our country. © 2010 The 

Japanese Society of Hematology. 

No.914 

Author (s) : Pakakasama, S.; Surayuthpreecha, K.; Pandee, U.; Anurathpan, U.; Maleevan, V.; Udomsubprayakul, U.; Butthep, P.; 

Santanirand, P.; Sirachainan, N.; Hongeng, S. 

Title : IMPLEMENTATION OF A CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE FOR CHILDREN WITH CANCER PRESENTING WITH FEVER AT EMERGENCY 

ROOM 






No.915 

Author (s) : Pakdee, W., Waikagul, J., Kalambaheti, T., Ito, A., Dekumyoy, P. 

Title : Iso-electricfocusing of bithynia snail antigens for IGG-and IGG1-4-elisa detection of human opisthorchiasis 



Keywords : Bithynia antigen; IGG1-elisa; Liquid-phase iso-electricfocusing; Opisthorchiasis 

Abstract : Diagnosis of opisthorchiasis is confirmed by the presence of characteristic eggs and worms. However, misdiagnosis may occur 

in light infections, and also due to the morphological similarity of opisthorchid eggs to other species. A finding of specific 

immune mediators can help confirm infection. This study used indirect ELISA to detect total IGG and IGG1-4 with selected 

antigens of Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos extract, which were derived by liquid-phase isoelectricfocusing (IFE). Antigens 

(Iso-AgF) from 20 IEF fractionated fractions were selected based on a high ELISA-OD ratio between pooled-positive and 

poolednegative sera. Iso-AgF 7, 7, 6, 2, and 10 resulted in high OD-ratio to total IGG, IGG1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. A full-scale 

ELISA was conducted with sera from 50 opisthorchiasis cases, 196 from other parasitic-disease cases, and 35 healthy controls. 

Iso-AgF7 to IGG1 showed the best result, with sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of 100, 96, 86, and 

100%, respectively, at a cut-off 0.221. Low cross-reactivity to IGG1 was found in one case each of gnathostomiasis, 

trichinellosis, toxocariasis, angiostrongyliasis, bancroftian filariasis, enterobiasis, neurocysticercosis, and taeniasis. Thus, Iso-AgF7 

to IGG1 was a good candidate antigen to be developed for detection of antibodies against Opisthorchis viverrini. 

337


No.916 

Author (s) : Panchan, W., Chiampanichayakul, S., Snyder, D.L., Yodbuntung, S., Pohmakotr, M., Reutrakul, V., Jaipetch, T., Kuhakarn, C. 

Title : Facile oxidative hydrolysis of acetals to esters using hypervalent iodine(III)/LiBr combination in water 

Source : Tetrahedron, Volume 66, Issue 14, 3 April 2010, Pages 2732-2735 


Keywords : (Diacetoxy)iodobenzene; Acetal; DIB; Hydroxyalkyl carboxylic esters; Oxidative hydrolysis 

Abstract : The combination of (diacetoxy)iodobenzene (PhI(OAc)2, DIB) and lithium bromide (LiBr) efficiently oxidized cyclic and acyclic 

acetals to the corresponding hydroxyalkyl carboxylic esters and simple esters in good to excellent yields. The merits of this 

reaction are that it employs commercially available and non-explosive hypervalent iodine(III) reagent, water as the solvent, a 

short reaction time, and mild reaction conditions. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.917 

Author (s) : Pandee, U.; Rungryeangworanon, K. 

Title : RISK FACTORS AND PROGNOSTIC PREDICTORS OF UNEXPECTED ADMISSION WITHIN 24 HOURS AFTER EMERGENCY 

DEPARTMENT DISCHARGE 

Source : CHILD CARE HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT, Volume: 36, Supplement: 1, Pages: 95-96, Published: JAN 2010 




No.918 

Author (s) : Pandee, U.; Savatmongkornkul, S.; Arj-Ong, S. 

Title : THE RESPONSE OF HEART RATE IN ACUTE FEBRILE CHILDREN AT EMERGENCY ROOM 

Source : ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Volume: 99, Supplement: 462, Pages: 54-54, Published: DEC 2010 




No.919 

Author (s) : Pandian, G.N., Ishikawa, T., Vaijayanthi, T., Hossain, D.M., Yamamoto, S., Nishiumi, T., Angsuthanasombat, C., Haginoya, K., 

Mitsui, T., Hori, H. 

Title : Formation of macromolecule complex with bacillus thuringiensis Cry1A toxins and chlorophyllide binding 252-kDa lipocalinlike 

protein locating on bombyx mori midgut membrane 

Source : Journal of Membrane Biology, Volume 237, Issue 2-3, October 2010, Pages 125-136 


Keywords : Antimicrobial activity; Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1A toxin; Chlorophyllide-binding protein; Insect immunity; Insect midgut 

membrane; Red fluorescent protein 

Abstract : P252, a 252-kDa Bombyx mori protein located on the larval midgut membrane, has been shown to bind strongly with Bacillus 

thuringiensis Cry1A toxins (Hossain et al. Appl Environ Microbiol 70:4604-4612, 2004). P252 was also shown to bind 

chlorophyllide (Chlide) to form red fluorescence-emitting complex Bm252RFP with significant antimicrobial activity (Pandian et 

al. Appl Environ Microbiol 74:1324-1331, 2008). In this article, we show that Cry1A toxin bound with Bm252RFP and 

Bm252RFP-Cry1A macrocomplex, with both antimicrobial and insecticidal activities, was formed. The insecticidal activity of 

Bm252RFP-Cry1Ab was reduced from an LD50 of 1.62 to 5.05 μg, but Bm252RFP-Cry1Aa and Bm252RFP-Cry1Ac did not show 

such reduction. On the other hand, the antimicrobial activity of Bm252RFP-Cry1Ab was shown to retain almost the same 

activity as Bm252RFP, while the other two complexes lost around 30% activity. The intensity of photo absorbance and 

fluorescence emission of Bm252RFP-Cry1Ab were significantly reduced compared to those of the other two complexes. 

Circular dichroism showed that the contents of Cry1Ab α-helix was significantly decreased in Bm252RFP-Cry1Ab but not in 

the other two toxins. These data suggested that the reduction of contents of α-helix in Cry1Ab affected the insecticidal 

activity of the macrocomplex but did not alter the antimicrobial moiety in the macrocomplex of Bm252RFP-Cry1Ab. © 2010 

Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. 

338


No.920 

Author (s) : Panich, U., Kongtaphan, K., Onkoksoong, T., Jaemsak, K., Phadungrakwittaya, R., Thaworn, A., Akarasereenont, P., 

Wongkajornsilp, A. 

Title : Modulation of antioxidant defense by Alpinia galanga and Curcuma aromatica extracts correlates with their inhibition of UVAinduced 

melanogenesis 

Source : Cell Biology and Toxicology, Volume 26, Issue 2, April 2010, Pages 103-116 


Keywords : Antioxidant defenses; Medicinal plants; Melanogenesis; Ultraviolet A 

Abstract : Ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation is suggested to contribute to melanogenesis through promoting cellular oxidative stress and 

impairing antioxidant defenses. An overproduction of melanin can be associated with melanoma skin cancer and 

hyperpigmentation. Therefore, developing effective antimelanogenic agents is of importance. Alpinia galanga (AG) and 

Curcuma aromatica (CA) are traditional medicinal plants widely used for skin problems. Hence, this study investigated the 

antimelanogenic effects of AG and CA extracts (3.8-30 μg/ml) by assessing tyrosinase activity, tyrosinase mRNA levels, and 

melanin content in human melanoma cells (G361) exposed to UVA. The roles in protecting against melanogenesis were 

examined by evaluating their inhibitory effects on UVA-induced cellular oxidative stress and modulation of antioxidant 

defenses including antioxidant enzymes, catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and intracellular glutathione (GSH). 

In addition, possible active compounds accountable for biological activities of the extracts were identified by thin layer 

chromatography (TLC)-densitometric analysis. Our study demonstrated that UVA (8 J/cm2) induced both tyrosinase activity 

and mRNA levels and UVA (16 J/cm2)-mediated melanin production were suppressed by the AG or CA extracts at 

noncytotoxic concentrations. Both extracts were able to protect against UVA-induced cellular oxidant formation and 

depletion of CAT and GPx activities and GSH content in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, TLC-densitometric analysis 

detected the presence of eugenol and curcuminoids in AG and CA, respectively. This is the first report representing promising 

findings on AG and CA extract-derived antityrosinase properties correlated with their antioxidant potential. Inhibiting cellular 

oxidative stress and improving antioxidant defenses might be the mechanisms by which the extracts yield the protective 

effects on UVA-dependent melanogenesis. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 

No.921 

Author (s) : Panich, U.; Tangsupa-a-nan, V.; Onkoksoong, T.; Limsaengurai, S.; Akarasereenont, P. 

Title : Gallic acid Inhibits UVA-induced Melanogenesis Possibly Through Up-regulation of Glutathione-dependent Antioxidant System 

Source : FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, Volume: 49, Supplement: 1, Pages: S193-S193, DOI: 

10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.10.556, Published: 2010 




No.922 

Author (s) : Panijpan, B. 

Title : Biophysics education 



Keywords : Biomolecular Structure; Biophysical Chemistry; Education; Molecular Biophysics 

Abstract : Many topics in basic physics are presented to the students based on examples that they find too intangible, uninteresting and 

unrelated to the real world. We propose here some examples from the biological world that can equally be used to 

illustrate seemingly arcane physical principles and laws [1] [2]. Energetic aspects of the Krebs Cycle, the Calvin Cycle, and the 

ion pump can make learning of thermodynamics and electricity much more realistic. The contraction relaxation cycle of a 

muscle sarcomere can be used to represent that of a machine "photographs" of the sarcomere and large biopolymers such as 

ordered protein and nucleic acid structures illustrate Bragg's Law about regular submicron distances as well as those from 

crystals of inorganic salts. Movements of nanostructures of the proton pump subunits and sliding filaments are just as good 

for calculation of the moment of inertia and mechanical energy involved. Transport of sugars made from photosynthesis in 

the leaf into the fruit can pose problems about concentration gradient very realistically. Aspect about light such as absorption 

and fluorescence of biological molecules such as chlorophylls and rhodopsins should make such phenomena more 

interesting and real. Interference of visible light from feathers and scales should also be used to showchanges of apparent 

339


colors and patterns when viewed from different angles. Circular dichroism and streaming birefringence of biological 

macromolecules should make students appreciate polarization better. © 2010 American Institute of Physics. 

No.923 

Author (s) : Panjaburee, P., Hwang, G.-J., Triampo, W., Shih, B.-Y. 

Title : A multi-expert approach for developing testing and diagnostic systems based on the concept-effect model 

Source : Computers and Education, Volume 55, Issue 2, September 2010, Pages 527-540 


Keywords : Computer-assisted learning; Computer-based testing; Concept-effect relationships; Multiple expert systems 

Abstract : With the popularization of computer and communication technologies, researchers have attempted to develop computerassisted 

testing and diagnostic systems to help students improve their learning performance on the Internet. In developing a 

diagnostic system for detecting students' learning problems, it is difficult for individual teachers to address the exact 

relationships between the test items and the concepts. To cope with this problem, this study proposes an innovative 

approach to eliciting and integrating the weightings of test item-concept relationships from multiple experts. Based on the 

proposed approach, a testing and diagnostic system has been implemented; moreover, an experiment was conducted to 

evaluate the performance of our approach. By analyzing the results from four groups of students using learning suggestions 

provided by different models, it was found that the learning performance of the students who received learning suggestions 

by applying the innovative approach was significantly better than for those who received guidance based on the original 

model. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.924 

Author (s) : Pannakapitak, N.; Pacharn, P.; Visitsunthorn, N.; Jirapongsananuruk, O.; Vichyanond, P. 

Title : Accuracy Of Skin Prick Test Using In-house Wheat Extract For The Diagnosis Of Ige-mediated Wheat Allergy: A Pilot Study 






No.925 

Author (s) : Panunto, W., Jaijoy, K., Lerdvuthisopon, N., Lertprasertsuke, N., Jiruntanat, N., Soonthornchareonnon, N., Sireeratawong, S. 

Title : Acute and chronic toxicity studies of the water extract from dried fruits of Terminalia chebula Rezt. in rats 



Keywords : Acute toxicity; Chronic toxicity; Terminalia chebula Retz. 

Abstract : Terminalia chebula Retz. has been extensively used in traditional medicine for laxative, carminative, astringent, expectorant, 

and tonic. The chronic toxicity of water extract has not yet been studied. To evaluate its safety, the water extract from the 

dried fruits of T. chebula was orally administrated in rats. For acute toxicity, a single oral administration was performed at a 

dose of 5,000 mg/kg body weight (five females, five males). The study of chronic toxicity was determined by oral feeding both 

female and male rats (ten females, ten males) daily with the test substance at the dose of 300, 600 and 1,200 mg/kg body 

weight continuously for 270 days. The results of acute toxicity showed no signs of toxicity such as general behavior changes, 

mortality, changes on gross appearance or histophatological changes of the internal organs of rats. The examinations of signs 

of chronic toxicity showed no abnormalities in the test groups as compared to the controls. Hematological and blood 

chemical values in treated groups were normal in comparison with the control group. Non-toxicity effect of T. chebula was 

present as no changes in body weight, internal organ weight, and general behaviors. Macroscopic or microscopic of internal 

organs or tissues in treated rats showed no changes. Therefore, the water extract of T. chebula given orally to female and 

male rats did not produce both acute and chronic toxicities in rats. Industrial relevance: The use of medicinal plants and 

preparations derived from them as dietary supplements, nutraceuticals, functional foods and herbal medicinal products has 

become more widely accepted in developing countries. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the adverse effects of these 

plants and their preparations. Among them, T. chebula has received high attention because decoction of its fresh and dried 

fruits is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of several illnesses such as laxative, carminative, expectorant, 

astringent and tonic. The data of acute and chronic toxicity on T. chebula should be obtained in order to increase the 

340


confidence in its safety to human, particularly for use in the development of pharmaceutical products. © 2010-2011. IJARNP- 

HS Publications. 

No.926 

Author (s) : Panya, A., Sawasdee, N., Srisawat, C., Yenchitsomanus, P.-T., Peerapittayamongkol, C. 

Title : Expression of zinc finger and homeobox 2 in erythroleukaemic cells and gamma-globin expression 

Source : ScienceAsia, Volume 36, Issue 4, December 2010, Pages 342-345 


Keywords : γ; -globin; Foetal haemoglobin; K562; QTL; ZHX2 

Abstract : During the last few decades, foetal haemoglobin reactivation has been considered as a promising intervention to treat βthalassaemia 

and sickle-cell anaemia. Variable foetal haemoglobin (Hb F, α 2γ2) production among individuals is under 

control of distinct chromosome regions, namely, the quantitative trait loci (QTL). One of the QTL affecting Hb F levels on 

chromosome 8q has never been explored. The zinc fingers and homeodomains 2 (ZHX2) transcription factor located at 8q 

position is remarkably down-regulated in hereditary persistence of foetal haemoglobin, indicating an inverse correlation 

between the γ-globin and ZHX2 expression. Here we studied the effect of ZHX2 over the γ-globin expression in K562 

erythroleukaemic cell line by transient transfection with a ZHX2 expression plasmid. At 24 h after transfection, the relative 

expression of endogenous γ-globin mRNA had been reduced to 0.401 ± 0.08 as assessed by real-time PCR. Our finding 

suggests that the repressive effect on γ-globin probably results from the presence of ZHX2 and supports its possible 

involvement in the regulation of γ-globin expression. 

No.927 

Author (s) : Panyarachun, B., Sobhon, P., Tinikul, Y., Chotwiwatthanakun, C., Anupunpisit, V., Anuracpreeda, P. 

Title : Paramphistomum cervi: Surface topography of the tegument of adult fluke 

Source : Experimental Parasitology, Volume 125, Issue 2, June 2010, Pages 95-99 


Keywords : Paramphistomum cervi; Scanning electron microscopy; Tegument 

Abstract : Adult Paramphistomum cervi or rumen fluke are pear-shaped, slightly concave ventrally and convex dorsally. The worm 

measures about 5-13. mm in length and 2-5. mm in width across the mid-section. As observed by scanning electron 

microscopy (SEM), the tegumental surface in all part of the body, appears highly corrugated with transverse folds alternating 

with grooves and is spineless. At high magnification, the surface of the fold is composed of microfolds or ridges separated by 

microgrooves or pits. Corrugations and invaginations of the ventral surface are also more extensive than on the dorsal surface 

of the body. Both anterior and posterior suckers have thick rims covered with transverse folds without spine. The genital pore 

is situated at the anterior third of the body. There are two types of sensory papillae on the surface: type 1 is bulbous in 

shape, measuring 10-15. μm in diameter at the base with nipple-like tips, and type 2 has a similar shape and size and also a 

short cilia on top. These sensory papillae usually occur in large clusters, each having between 5 and 20 units depending on 

the region of the body. Clusters of papillae on the ventral surface and around the anterior suckers tend to be more 

numerous and larger in size. The dorsal surface of the body has the least number of papillae. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. 

No.928 

Author (s) : Paobthong, N., Boonsinsukh, R., Saengsirisuwan, V., Sirisup, S. 

Title : Application of Wavelet Transform to identify motor unit recruitment pattern 

Source : Proceedings of 2010 IEEE EMBS Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, IECBES 2010, 2010, Article number 

5742236, Pages 242-245 


Keywords : aging; motor unit recruitment pattern; wavelet 

Abstract : Motor unit recruitment pattern represents the time-frequency characteristics of muscle contraction. The Continuous Wavelet 

Transform (CWT) is a time-frequency signal analysis but its ability to identify motor unit recruitment pattern is still unclear. 

The purpose of this study was to validate the CWT in identifying the differences in motor unit recruitment pattern, regarding 

time-space domains, between young and elderly healthy subjects during maximum voluntary knee extension. Ten elderly 

and 10 young subjects participated in this study. They were asked to perform isometric knee extension at 100% maximum 

voluntary contraction for 10 seconds. CWT analysis was presented as scalogram. Results showed that the presence of red 

color spectrum in the young subjects was less than that in the elderly group, indicating that the major recruitments occur 

341


more frequently in the elderly. When considering the neuronal firing frequency, the elderly subject operates the firing 

frequency at a lower range than the young group. The findings in this study confirmed that the CWT can be used to identify 

the age-related changes in motor unit recruitment pattern. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.929 

Author (s) : Parengam, M., Judprasong, K., Srianujata, S., Jittinandana, S., Laoharojanaphand, S., Busamongko, A. 

Title : Study of nutrients and toxic minerals in rice and legumes by instrumental neutron activation analysis and graphite furnace 

atomic absorption spectrophotometry 

Source : Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, Volume 23, Issue 4, June 2010, Pages 340-345 


Keywords : Food analysis; Food composition; Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry; Instrumental neutron activation 

analysis; Legumes; Nutrient minerals; Rice; Toxic minerals 

Abstract : Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) is one of the high metrological techniques for mineral determination. 

Nevertheless, it has some limitations for minerals with low detection limits, such as lead and cadmium, for which graphite 

furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry (GF-AAS) provides reliable outcomes. This study was conducted to determine 

nutrients and toxic elements in four varieties of rice and six varieties of legumes. Rice and legume samples were collected 

from Talad-Thai and Yoawarat markets, which were representatives of rural and Bangkok areas, respectively. INAA was used 

for determination of various minerals whereas GF-AAS was used to determine Cd and Pb. In-house reference materials (RMs: 

white jasmine rice and soybeans) were prepared and their mineral contents were assigned, along with certified reference 

materials, by INAA and GF-AAS with standard addition technique. The INAA and GF-AAS methods were validated by various 

certified reference materials which showed a fairly good accuracy, 0.7-4.5% bias for INAA; 1.54 and 6.06% bias for AAS. The 

precision of INAA and GF-AAS, relative standard deviation (RSD) of all studied minerals was good (RSD less than 8.9%). All 

varieties of rice and legume seeds contain high amounts of Ca, K and Mg, whereas trace amounts of Al, Br, Cl, Fe, Mn, Zn. Cr, 

Cu, I, Mo, Se and Sn were found. Trace amounts of As (0.029-0.181. mg/kg) and Cd (0.010-0.025. mg/kg) were detected in all 

varieties of rice, but not detected in legume seeds, except that slightly higher level of Cd were found in soybeans and peanut 

(0.022 and 0.085. mg/kg, respectively). Low levels of Hg, ranging from 0.196 to 0.352. mg/kg, were detected in all studied 

sample, whereas level of Pb less than LOD (1. mcg/100. g) was found. To improve the quality of analytical mineral data, 

these in-house reference materials can be used as a reference material for internal and external quality control systems. © 

2010 Elsevier Inc. 

No.930 

Author (s) : Parichatikanond, W., Suthisisang, C., Dhepakson, P., Herunsalee, A. 

Title : Study of anti-inflammatory activities of the pure compounds from Andrographis paniculata (burm.f.) Nees and their effects on 

gene expression 

Source : International Immunopharmacology, Volume 10, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 1361-1373 


Keywords : Andrographis paniculata; Andrographolide; Dehydroandrographolide; Gene expression; Inflammation; Neoandrographolide 

Abstract : In inflammation, the responses to noxious stimuli are controlled by the highly modulated interactions between various 

immune cells and chemical mediators. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the anti-inflammatory effect of 

diterpenoids isolated from Andrographis paniculata, including dehydroandrographolide (AP1), andrographolide (AP2) and 

neoandrographolide (AP3), on the production of inflammatory cytokines and COX activities. Furthermore, the alteration of 

gene expression involved in this activity was investigated in the most potent compound to elucidate the other possible 

molecular mechanisms. AP1 (30.1μM; 10μg/ml) and AP2 (28.5μM; 10μg/ml) markedly inhibited COX-1 in ionophore A23187induced 

human platelets. AP2 (28.5μM) and AP3 (20.8μM; 10μg/ml) strongly suppressed the LPS-stimulated COX-2 activity in 

human blood. In addition, AP2 modulated the level of LPS-induced TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and IL-10 secretion in human blood in 

a concentration-dependent manner. The results revealed that AP2 exhibited the highest efficacy. Therefore, changes in the 

levels of mRNA transcripts by AP2 were further measured using human cDNA microarrays. The molecular response to AP2 was 

complex and mediated by various processes. Among the altered gene expressions, the genes involved in immune and 

inflammation processes were selectively down-regulated, such as cytokines and cytokine receptors (TNFSF14, TNF, TNFRSF6, 

and IL1A), chemokines (CCL8 and CXCL11), JAK/STAT signaling (JAK3 and STAT5A), TLRs family (TLR4 and TLR8) and NF-κB 

(NFKB1). Expression of some genes was validated using RT-PCR. The results demonstrated that AP1, AP2 and AP3 exhibited 

342


the anti-inflammatory effect by interfering COX and inflammatory cytokines and the underlying mechanisms of AP2 may be 

related to down-expression of genes involved in inflammatory cascade. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

No.931 

Author (s) : Pariwatcharakul, P., Chantarat, W., Singhakant, S., Jantarak, L., Suriyachaiwattana, T., Sakulisariyaporn, C., Sitdhiraksa, N., 

Chantakarn, S., Ketumarn, P., Yantadilok, S. 

Title : Antipsychotic prescribing pattern for geriatric patients with delirium in Thailand 

Source : Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience, Volume 8, Issue 3, December 2010, Pages 144-148 


Keywords : Antipsychotics; Delirium; Elderly; Geriatric; Prescription pattern 

Abstract : Objective: To describe the antipsychotic prescribing pattern for the treatment of delirium among hospitalized elderly patients 

when compared to those younger adults referred to a psychiatric consultation-liaison service in Thailand Methods: All 

psychiatric consultations performed upon hospitalized patients at a university hospital in Bangkok, Thailand, during a one-year 

period were reviewed. We collected the data from consultation request forms and medical records. Results: Among all 840 

patients referred for psychiatric consultation, 656 of them had complete medical records available. The consultant 

psychiatrists diagnosed 172 (26.2%) of them with delirium. After excluding 16 patients with substance-withdrawal delirium, 

data on antipsychotics prescription of 156 (23.8%) patients were analyzed. The mean age was 61.3+17.6 years old (22-95); 91 

(61.9%) were 60 years old or more, and 103 (70.1%) were male. Antipsychotics were prescribed for 85.3% of all patients. 

Atypical antipsychotics were more commonly prescribed for the elderly (60 years or older) than for the young (51.6% vs 

35.4%, p=0.038). Risperidone was the most frequently prescribed antipsychotic for elderly patients accounting for 44% of 

prescriptions. We found negative correlation between age of the patients and the dose of haloperidol; r=0.233, p=0.043. 

Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study on current antipsychotics prescribing practice for the hospitalized elderly 

with delirium in a consultation-liaison service in Asia. Although the current evidence show no superiority for atypical 

antipsychotics over haloperidol, as well as limited evidence of their efficacy and safety in managing delirium, most doctors 

had the tendency to prescribe atypical antipsychotics for the hospitalized elderly patients with delirium. Further study is 

required to determine the optimal pharmacological therapies for delirium in the elderly. Copyright ©2010, Korean College of 

Neuropsychopharmacology. 

No.932 

Author (s) : Pariwatcharakul, P.; Ratta-apha, W.; Sitdhiraksa, N.; Pornnoppadol, C.; Ketumarn, P. 

Title : Benzodiazepine and antidepressant use in geriatric outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder in Thailand 

Source : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY, Volume: 13, Supplement: 1, Pages: 121-121, Published: 2010 




No.933 

Author (s) : Park, D.M., Sathornsumetee, S., Rich, J.N. 

Title : Medical oncology: Treatment and management of malignant gliomas 

Source : Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Volume 7, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 75-77 


Keywords : angiogenesis inhibitor, bevacizumab, cediranib, irinotecan, isocitrate dehydrogenase, lomustine, phosphatidylinositol 3 

kinase, phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5 trisphosphate 3 phosphatase, temozolomide, tirapazamine; cancer genetics, cancer 

growth, cancer radiotherapy, cancer stem cell, cancer surgery, clinical trial, gene 

mutation, glioblastoma, human, monotherapy, multimodality cancer therapy, nonhuman, priority journal, recurrent 

cancer, short survey, treatment failure, treatment response; Angiogenesis Inhibitors, Central Nervous System 

Neoplasms, Chemotherapy, Adjuvant, Dacarbazine, Glioblastoma, Humans, Salvage Therapy, Treatment Outcome 


No.934 

Author (s) : Parks, J., Gyeltshen, T., Prachyawarakorn, V., Mahidol, C., Ruchirawat, S., Kittakoop, P. 

Title : Glutarimide alkaloids and a terpenoid benzoquinone from Cordia globifera 

343


Source : Journal of Natural Products, Volume 73, Issue 5, 28 May 2010, Pages 992-994 


Keywords : 4 o methylphorbol 13 acetate 12 myristate, alkaloid derivative, benzoquinone, cordiarimide, cordiarimide B, cyclopropane 

derivative, globiferane, glutarimide derivative, meroterpene, scavenger, superoxide, terpenoid derivative, unclassified drug; 

article, cell strain HL 60, Cordia, Cordia globifera, cytotoxicity, human, human cell, leukemia cell, nonhuman, plant 

root, promyelocytic leukemia; Alkaloids, Benzoquinones, Cordia, Free Radical Scavengers, HL-60 Cells, Humans, Molecular 

Structure, Piperidones, Plants, Medicinal, Superoxides, Terpenes, Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate, Thailand, Xanthine Oxidase; 

Cordia 

Abstract : Three new compounds, a meroterpene (2) having a cyclopropane moiety named globiferane and glutarimide alkaloids named 

cordiarimides A (3) and B (4), were isolated from the roots of Cordia globifera. Compounds 2-4 exhibited weak cytotoxic 

activity. Cordiarimide B (4) exhibited radical scavenging activity, as it inhibited superoxide anion radical formation in the 

xanthine/xanthine oxidase (XXO) assay, and also suppressed superoxide anion generation in differentiated HL-60 human 

promyelocytic leukemia cells when induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). This is the first report on the 

presence of glutarimide alkaloids in the genus Cordia. © 2010 The American Chemical Society and American Society of 

Pharmacognosy. 

No.935 

Author (s) : Pasomsub, E., Sukasem, C., Sungkanuparph, S., Kijsirikul, B., Chantratita, W. 

Title : The application of artificial neural networks for phenotypic drug resistance prediction: Evaluation and comparison with other 

interpretation systems 

Source : Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 63, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 87-94 


Keywords : abacavir, amino acid, amprenavir, antiretrovirus agent, delavirdine, didanosine, efavirenz, indinavir, lamivudine, 

lopinavir, nelfinavir, nevirapine, ritonavir, saquinavir, stavudine, zidovudine; antiviral resistance, article, artificial neural 

network, controlled study, correlation coefficient, genotype, Human immunodeficiency virus 1, information 

system, intermethod comparison, mutational analysis, nonhuman, phenotype, prediction, scoring system, sequence 

analysis, support vector machine, validation study; Anti-HIV Agents, Drug Resistance, Viral, Genotype, HIV Infections, HIV- 

1, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Neural Networks (Computer) 

Abstract : Although phenotypic resistance testing provides more direct measurement of antiretroviral drug resistance than genotypic 

testing, it is costly and time-consuming. However, genotypic resistance testing has the advantages of being simpler and more 

accessible, and it might be possible to use the data obtained for predicting quantitative drug susceptibility to interpret 

complex mutation combinations. This study applied the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) system to predict the HIV-1 resistance 

phenotype from the genotype. A total of 7,598 pairs of HIV-1 sequences, with their corresponding phenotypic fold change 

values for 14 antiretroviral drugs, were trained, validated, and tested in ANN modeling. The results were compared with the 

HIV-SEQ and Geno2pheno interpretation systems. The prediction performance of the ANN models was measured by 10-fold 

cross-validation. The results indicated that by using the ANN, with an associated set of amino acid positions known to 

influence drug resistance for individual antiretroviral drugs, drug resistance was accurately predicted and generalized for 

individual HIV-1 subtypes. Therefore, high correlation with the experimental phenotype may help physicians choose optimal 

therapeutic regimens that might be an option, or supporting system, of FDA-approved genotypic resistance testing in heavily 

treatment-experienced patients. 

No.936 

Author (s) : Pathomwichaiwat, T.; Suvitayavat, W.; Sailasuta, A.; Piyachaturawat, P.; Soonthornchareonnon, N.; Prathanturarug, S. 

Title : Antiosteoporotic effect of Cissus quadrangularis L. extracts in ovariectomized mice 





No.937 

Author (s) : Patikarnmonthon, N., Nawapan, S., Buranajitpakorn, S., Charoenlap, N., Mongkolsuk, S., Vattanaviboon, P. 

344


Title : Copper ions potentiate organic hydroperoxide and hydrogen peroxide toxicity through different mechanisms in Xanthomonas 

campestris pv. Campestris 

Source : FEMS Microbiology Letters, Volume 313, Issue 1, December 2010, Pages 75-80 


Keywords : AhpC; Copper; Peroxide; Xanthomonas 

Abstract : Copper (Cu)-based biocides are important chemical controls for both fungal and bacterial diseases in crop fields. Here, we 

showed that Cu ions at a concentration of 100 μM enhanced t-butyl hydroperoxide (tBOOH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) 

killing of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris through different mechanisms. The addition of an antilipid peroxidation 

agent (α-tocopherol) and hydroxyl radical scavengers (glycerol and dimethyl sulphoxide) partially protected the bacteria from 

the Cu-enhanced tBOOH and H2O2 killing, respectively. Inactivation of the alkyl hydroperoxide reductase gene rendered the 

mutant vulnerable to lethal doses of copper sulphate, which could be alleviated by the addition of an H2O2 scavenger 

(pyruvate) and α-tocopherol. Taken together, the data suggest that Cu ions influence the killing effect of tBOOH through the 

stimulation of lipid peroxidation, while hydroxyl radical production is the underlying mechanism responsible for the Cu-ionenhanced 

H2O2 killing effects. © 2010 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. 

No.938 

Author (s) : Pattanakitsakul, S.-N., Poungsawai, J., Kanlaya, R., Sinchaikul, S., Chen, S.-T., Thongboonkerd, V. 

Title : Association of Alix with late endosomal lysobisphosphatidic acid is important for dengue virus infection in human endothelial 

cells 

Source : Journal of Proteome Research, Volume 9, Issue 9, 3 September 2010, Pages 4640-4648 


Keywords : Alix; dengue; endothelial cells; host responses; LBPA; proteome; proteomics 

Abstract : The most severe form of dengue virus (DENV) infection is dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS), 

which is accompanied by increased vascular permeability indicating that endothelial cells are the targets of DENV infection. 

However, molecular mechanisms underlying DENV replication in endothelial cells remained poorly understood. We therefore 

examined changes in subcellular proteomes of different cellular compartments (including cytosolic, membrane/organelle, 

nucleus, and cytoskeleton) of human endothelial (EA.hy926) cells upon DENV2 infection using a 2-DE-based proteomics 

approach followed by Q-TOF MS and MS/MS. A total of 35 altered proteins were identified in these subcellular locales, 

including an increase in the level of Alix (apoptosis-linked gene-2-interacting protein X) in the cytosolic fraction of DENV2infected 

cells compared to mock control cells. Double immunofluorescence staining revealed colocalization of Alix with late 

endosomal lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA). This complex has been proposed to be involved in the export of DENV proteins 

from late endosomes to the cytoplasm. Subsequent functional study revealed that pretreatment with an anti-LBPA antibody 

prior to DENV challenge significantly reduced the level of viral envelope protein synthesis and DENV replication. Our data 

indicate that Alix plays a pivotal role in the early phase of DENV replication, particularly when it arrives at the late endosome 

stage. Blocking this step may lead to a novel therapeutic approach to reducing the level of DENV replication in vivo. © 2010 


No.939 

Author (s) : Pattanapanyasat, K., Noulsri, E., Lerdwana, S., Sukapirom, K., Onlamoon, N., Tassaneetrithep, B. 

Title : The use of glutaraldehyde-fixed chicken red blood cells as counting beads for performing affordable single-platform CD4+ tlymphocyte 

count in HIV-1-infected patients 

Source : Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, Volume 53, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 47-54 


Keywords : AIDS; CD4 T-lymphocyte count; Chicken red blood cell; Flow cytometry; HIV; Microbeads; Single platform 

Abstract : CD4 T-lymphocyte count is an important marker in management of HIV-1-infected patients. The standard single-platform (SP) 

flow cytometric (FCM) CD4 testing that uses the known reference microbeads is expensive; more affordable alternatives are 

therefore needed. We evaluated the use of glutaraldehyde-fixed chicken red blood cells (CRBCs) as counting beads as an 

alternative for enumerating CD4 T-lymphocyte counts in 87 HIV-1-infected patients. Linear regression analyses revealed an 

excellent correlation of the SP FCM using CRBCs with the standard SP bead-based FCM method (percentages, r > 0.99; 

absolute counts, r > 0.98) over the entire range including the clinically relevant range. Mean percent bias for the CRBC 

method was +0.35% [limits of agreement (LOA):-1.86% to +2.57%]. For absolute CD4 T-lymphocytes, the mean biases was- 

47.76 cells per microliter (LOA:-191.34 to +98.81 cells/μL) with much lower bias for CD4 T-lymphocyte counts


microliter (LOA:-31.92 to +22.95 cells/μL). The use of CRBCs is comparable with the use of commercial microbeads. This has 

resulted in major cost savings to resource-limited countries where the health care system is under increasing pressure to 

operate cost effectively. This can greatly facilitate and ensure the success of the ongoing antiretroviral therapy program in 

these countries. Copyright © 2009 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 

No.940 

Author (s) : Pattanapanyasat, K., Sratongno, P., Chimma, P., Chitjamnongchai, S., Polsrila, K., Chotivanich, K. 

Title : Febrile temperature but not proinflammatory cytokines promotes phosphatidylserine expression on plasmodium falciparum 

malaria-infected red blood cells during parasite maturation 

Source : Cytometry Part A, Volume 77, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 515-523 


Keywords : Annexin V; Flow cytometry; Hydroethidine; Malaria; Phosphatidylserine; Phospholipids; Plasmodium 

falciparum; Proinflammatory cytokine 

Abstract : Intraerythrocytic maturation of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum is associated with profound changes in the 

asymmetry of phospholipids in the lipid bilayer of the parasitized red blood cells (pRBCs). These changes may contribute to 

adherence of pRBCs to endothelial cells. This study investigates the effect of febrile temperature and proinflammatory 

cytokines on phosphatidylserine (PS) expression on the exofacial surface of pRBCs during parasite maturation. The expression 

of PS on the pRBCs was determined by flow cytometry using fluorescein-labeled annexin V, which specifically binds to PS and 

a vital nucleic acid fluorochrome for parasite staining. The results showed that PS expression on the surface of pRBCs 

increased in association with parasite maturation, especially at the late parasite stage. Furthermore, the growth of P. 

falciparum also accelerated senescence of the uninfected RBCs in parasite cultures. Exposure to febrile temperature led to 

significant increases in the expression of PS on the surface of pRBCs, particularly at the late parasite stage associated with the 

virulence strain of the parasite. In contrast, proinflammatory cytokines had no detectable effect on PS expression on pRBCs. 

These data suggest that PS molecule expression is more dependent on fever, parasitemia, parasite strain, and virulence than 

on cytokine exposure. These findings contribute to our understanding of the factors that are involved in malaria pathogenesis. 

© 2010 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry. 

No.941 

Author (s) : Pattanapanyasat, K.; Sratongno, P.; Chimma, P.; Chitjamnongchai, S.; Polsrila, K.; Chotivanich, K. 

Title : EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES ON PHOSPHATIDYLSERINE EXPRESSION ON PLASMODIUM 

FALCIPARUM MALARIA-INFECTED RED BLOOD CELLS DURING PARASITE MATURATION 






No.942 

Author (s) : Pattanaprateep, O., Pongcharoensuk, P., Suvanakoot, P., Kaojarern, S. 

Title : Pattern of statins' utilization at Ramathobodi Hospital, 2005 to 2007 



Keywords : Drug expenditure; Price; Quantity; Statins 

Abstract : Background: The use of statins at Ramathibodi, a teaching hospital, has been rising rapidly. Objective: Determine how price, 

volume, and drug mix (use of five brands and one generic) affect expenditure. Material and Method: Dispensing records of the 

six statins were retrieved from database and analyzed for factors contributing to increased drug expense. Results: Overall, 

statins' expenditure rose 35.6% and 6.4% in 2006 and 2007 respectively, mainly from civil servant outpatients who are more 

likely to be prescribed with brand drugs, even among new patients. In all schemes, volume effect was positive, more people 

use statins, and each one used a larger quantity of drug in 2007 than in 2005. The price effect was negative. Drug mix effect 

indicated that there was a shift from higher to lower priced drugs in capitation scheme and from lower to higher priced 

original drugs in a fee-for-service scheme. Conclusion: There is a trend of more statins utilization but with a different pattern 

of drug prescribed between health schemes and possible drug over-prescribed in some patients. However, indication for 

346


statin use was not studied, which needs to be considered. With high use of original drugs, effective policy initiative to 

promote generic drug use should be implemented in order to efficiently use the limited health care resources. 

No.943 

Author (s) : Pattarapanitchai, N., Tiensuwan, M., Riengrojpitak, S. 

Title : A retrospective study on homicidal autopsy cases at ramathibodi hospital in bangkok Thailand 

Source : Chiang Mai Journal of Science, Volume 37, Issue 2, May 2010, Pages 282-292 


Keywords : Homicide autopsy; Homicide methods; Homicide victims 

Abstract : Nowadays, the increasing incidence of homicide is worldwide and it is a matter of great concern all over the world including 

Thailand. The present study is aimed at a description of distributions of homicide and to find the association and risk ratio of 

personal characteristics of homicide victim cases for Thai people. A 5-year retrospective review of personal and medicolegal 

autopsy records was conducted at the Forensic Medicine Division in the Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, 

Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University. A total of 218 cases of homicide victims autopsied during the study period spanning 

from January 2003 to December 2007 were identified. Data concerning age, gender, marital status, day and time of death, 

homicide methods, area of death, and the involvement of alcohol were analyzed. The results showed that homicidal victims 

were more likely to be male than female. The mean age of the victims was 32.14 years with standard deviation 13.67 years, 

although the most frequent age range was early adulthood (21-30 years). Blood alcohol was found in 102 cases (46.79%). 

Mean blood alcohol concentration (BAC) was 71.59 mg/dL with standard deviation 101.59 mg/dL. Approximately 35% of all 

homicide victims had BAC >50 mg/dL (the legal limit). Gun shot was the favorite homicide method used for both male and 

female victims (32.11%, 3.21%). Most of the crimes were occurred during the night (33.94%) and evening (26.15%). The rainy 

season and Sundays were the most common times for homicide. There was significant association between gender and 

homicide methods at p-value < 0.01. In addition, night time proved to be a significant factor in relation to the occurrence of 

homicide at p-value < 0.01. Marital status associated homicide had more victims of the single and widowed status (OR = 1.63, 

2.29). The daytime of weekdays showed that the number of homicide victims was nearly 1.2 times of weekends (OR = 1.197). 

No.944 

Author (s) : Paz Diaz-Camacho, S.; Delgado-Vargas, F.; Willms, K.; del Carmen de la Cruz-Otero, M.; Guadalupe Rendon-Maldonado, J.; 

Robert, L.; Antuna, S.; Nawa, Y. 

Title : Intrahepatic growth and maturation of Gnathostoma turgidum in the natural definitive opossum host, Didelphis virginiana 

Source : PARASITOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Volume: 59, Issue: 3, Pages: 338-343, DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2010.04.004, Published: SEP 2010 


Keywords : Gnathostoma turgidum; Advanced 3rd stage larvae; Opossum; Didelphis virginiana 

Abstract : Gnathostoma turgidum is a gastric nematode parasite of opossums found in the Americas. We recently found that G. turgidum 

juveniles appear in the liver of the opossums where they become mature adults and almost synchronously move to the 

stomach during certain months of the year, suggesting the importance of the liver for the growth and maturation of this 

species in the final hosts. In this study we attempted to detect G. turgidum larvae in the liver of opossums, Didelphis 

virginiana that are the natural final hosts. The results show that tiny (



No.946 

Author (s) : Peerapatdit, T.; Likidlilid, A.; Hobang, N.; Tresukosol, D.; Ratanamaneechat, S. 

Title : PARAOXONASE-2 GENE (PON2) S311C POLYMORPHISM ASSOCIATED WITH TYPE 2 DIABETIC MELLITUS AND CORONARY HEART 

DISEASE 

Source : ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPPLEMENTS, Volume: 11, Issue: 2, Pages: 34-34, Meeting Abstract: P86, Published: JUN 10 2010 




No.947 

Author (s) : Peng, LF.; Kapp, EA.; Fenyo, D.; Kwon, MS.; Jiang, P.; Wu, SF.; Jiang, Y.; Aguilar, MI.; Ahmed, N.; Baker, MS.; Cai, ZW.; Chen, YJ.; 

Van Chi, P.; Chung, MCM.; He, FC., Len, ACL.; Liao, PC.; Nakamura, K.; Ngai, SM.; Paik, YK.; Pan, TL.; Poon, TCW.; Salekdeh, GH.; 

Simpson, RJ.; Sirdeshmukh, R.; Srisomsap, C.; Svasti, J.; Tyan, YC.; Dreyer, FS.; McLauchlan, D.; Rawson, P.; Jordan, TW. 

Title : The Asia Oceania Human Proteome Organisation Membrane Proteomics Initiative. Preparation and characterisation of the 

carbonate-washed membrane standard 

Source : PROTEOMICS, Volume: 10, Issue: 22, Pages: 4142-4148, DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201000126, Published: NOV 2010 


Keywords : Asia Oceania Human Proteome Organisation; Cell Biology; Integral membrane proteins; Liver; Membrane proteomics 

Abstract : The Asia Oceania Human Proteome Organisation (AOHUPO) has embarked on a Membrane Proteomics Initiative with goals of 

systematic comparison of strategies for analysis of membrane proteomes and discovery of membrane proteins. This 

multilaboratory project is based on the analysis of a subcellular fraction from mouse liver that contains endoplasmic 

reticulum and other organelles. In this study, we present the strategy used for the preparation and initial characterization of 

the membrane sample, including validation that the carbonate-washing step enriches for integral and lipid-anchored 

membrane proteins. Analysis of 17 independent data sets from five types of proteomic workflows is in progress. 

No.948 

Author (s) : Pennell, D.; Porter, J.; Cappellini, M.; Chan, L. L.; El-Beshlawy, A.; Aydinok, Y.; Ibrahim, H.; Li, C. K.; Viprakasit, V.; Elalfy, M.; 

Kattamis, A.; Smith, G.; Habr, D.; Roubert, B.; Taher, A. 

Title : CONTINUED IMPROVEMENT IN CARDIAC T2*WITH DEFERASIROX TREATMENT OVER 2 YEARS: RESULTS FROM THE EXTENSION OF 

EPIC CARDIAC SUBSTUDY IN BETA-THALASSAEMIA PATIENTS WITH MYOCARDIAL SIDEROSIS 






No.949 

Author (s) : Pennell, D.; Porter, J.; Cappellini, M.; Chan, L. L.; El-Beshlawy, A.; Aydinok, Y.; Ibrahim, H.; Li, C. K.; Viprakasit, V.; Elalfy, M.; 

Kattamis, A.; Smith, G.; Habr, D.; Roubert, B.; Taher, A. 

Title : DEFERASIROX EFFECTIVELY REMOVES CARDIAC IRON IN beta-THALASSAEMIA PATIENTS WITH MYOCARDIAL SIDEROSIS 

PREVIOUSLY CHELATED WITH DEFEROXAMINE MONOTHERAPY OR DEFEROXAMINE-DEFERIPRONE THERAPY 






No.950 

Author (s) : Pennell, D.; Porter, JB.; Cappellini, MD.; Chan, LL.; El-Beshlawy, A.; Aydinok, Y.; Ibrahim, H.; Li, CK.; Viprakasit, V.; Elalfy, MS.; 

Kattamis, A.; Smith, G.; Habr, D.; Domokos, G.; Roubert, B.; Taher, A. 

348


Title : Continued Improvement and Normalization of Myocardial T2*In Patients with beta-thalassemia Major Treated With Deferasirox 

(Exjade (R)) for up to 3 Years 





No.951 

Author (s) : Peonim, V., Udnoon, J. 

Title : Left subclavian arterioesophageal fistula induced by chicken bone with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage and unexpected 

death: Report of a case 



Keywords : Chicken bone ingestion; Foreign body in the esophagus; Left subclavian arterioesophageal fistula; Unexpected 

death; Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage 

Abstract : Left subclavian arterioesophageal fistula resulting from chicken bone ingestion is a rare occurrence. The authors report the 

death of a 42-year-old Thai female with mental retardation who presented to the hospital with severe hematemesis and 

arrested. Death occurred about 24 hours after laparotomy due to hypovolemic shock. Postmortem examination revealed a 

chicken bone embedded in middle part of esophagus with fistula between the esophagus and the left subclavian artery. 

No.952 

Author (s) : Perbangkhem, T., Polprasert, C. 

Title : Biomass production of papyrus (Cyperus papyrus) in constructed wetland treating low-strength domestic wastewater 

Source : Bioresource Technology, Volume 101, Issue 2, January 2010, Pages 833-835 


Keywords : Biomass productivity; Constructed wetland; Energy-capturing efficiency; Papyrus 

Abstract : In this study, the pilot-scale constructed wetlands were fed with low-strength domestic wastewater to investigate the energycapturing 

efficiency and plant productivity. Papyrus was a selected emergent macrophyte planted in the systems. The 

wastewater was intermittently fed to the systems, corresponding to the organic loading rates of 10, 16, 31, and 63 kg BOD/had. 

With abundant sunshine in the tropical-climate area, papyrus converted solar radiation to biomass of about 2200-3100 g 

dry weight/m2 from the two-month period of the experiments. Furthermore, the energy contents of papyrus are 16.2, 17.2, 

and 16.8 MJ/kg for culms, umbels, and total above-ground parts, respectively. From the plant productivity and the energy 

contents of papyrus obtained from this study, the energy capturing efficiencies can be estimated to be in the range of 4.4- 

6.0%, which are relatively high, compared with those of other plants. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.953 

Author (s) : Permpikul, C., Tongyoo, S., Ratanarat, R., Wilachone, W., Poompichet, A. 

Title : Impact of septic shock hemodynamic resuscitation guidelines on rapid early volume replacement and reduced mortality. 



Keywords : adult, aged, APACHE, article, female, fluid therapy, hospital department, human, intensive care unit, length of 

stay, male, methodology, middle aged, mortality, practice guideline, resuscitation, retrospective study, septic 

shock, standard, survival, time, treatment outcome; Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, APACHE, Female, Fluid Therapy, Hospital 

Departments, Hospital Mortality, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Length of Stay, Male, Middle Aged, Outcome and Process 

Assessment (Health Care), Practice Guidelines as Topic, Resuscitation, Retrospective Studies, Shock, Septic, Survival 

Analysis, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: Septic shock is one of the most serious conditions associated with high mortality. We recently developed a 

modified septic shock management guideline focusing on rapid restoration of hemodynamics by using clinical endpoint. Our 

aim was to analyze patients' outcomes following the guideline implementation. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A retrospective 

review of hemodynamic data sheet and clinical outcomes of patients admitted to medical ICU and medical Wards and during 

June 2004 and February 2006. RESULTS: One hundred and four patients' records were retrieved. The patients' mean age was 

62.5 +/- 18.6 year. Their mean APACHE II score were 24.9 +/- 6.7 and the overall mortality was 59%. Sixty eight patients 

349


(65.4%) underwent guideline directed therapy (guideline group). The guideline group received higher volume resuscitation 

from the first hour of resuscitation (1,016.3 + 675.0 ml vs. 521.4 + 359.2 ml, p < 0.001) to the forty eighth hour (10,096.9 +/- 

3,256.1 ml vs. 8,067.3 +/- 2,591.9 ml, p = 0.006). More of them achieved the therapeutic goal within 6 hours (86.8% vs. 44.4%, 

p < 0.001) and their hospital mortality was lower (41.2% vs. 69.4%, p = 0.008). When analyzing differences between those 

who survived and those who died, more of the surviving patients underwent guideline directed treatment (79.5% vs. 55%, p = 

0.012). They received higher volume replacement from the first hour to the end of the twelfth hour (first hour 1,098.0 +/- 

723.0 vs. 660.9 +/- 478.9 ml, p < 0.001; the end of the twelfth hour 3,746.6 +/- 1,799 vs. 3,014.1 +/- 1,579.9 ml, p = 0.038) 

and more of them achieved the therapeutic goal within 6 hours (95.5% vs. 55%, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis of factors 

associated with mortality disclosed APACHE II score, volume resuscitation more than 800 ml in the first hour and achievement 

of the therapeutic goal within 6 hours. CONCLUSION: Implementation of our modified septic shock guideline is associated 

with rapid initial volume replacement, prompt achievement of therapeutic goal and improved outcomes. Volume 

resuscitation greater than 800 ml in the first hour is associated with better survival. 

No.954 

Author (s) : Permpikul, P.; Senawong, S.; Panchavinnin, W. 

Title : MUKLTIPLEX PCR OF PREVIOUS DONATION REPOSITORY SAMPLES OF POSITIVE HBV NAT DONATIONS: EXPERIENCE FROM 

THAILAND 

Source : VOX SANGUINIS, Volume: 99, Supplement: 1, Pages: 296-296, Published: JUL 2010 




No.955 

Author (s) : Permpongkosol, S., Bella, A.J., Suntisevee, S., Leenanupunth, C., Stoller, M.L. 

Title : Laparoscopic excision of urachal cysts in elderly men and woman following pregnancy 



Keywords : Laparoscopy; Remnant; Surgery; Urachal cyst 

Abstract : Background and Objective: Persistent urachus rarely presents in the aging male or during pregnancy. The authors report their 

experience with the laparoscopic excision of urachal cysts in two elderly men with significant co-morbidities and following 

pregnancy in a 32-year old female. Material and Method: The two male patients (65 and 70 years old, respectively) presented 

with a lower abdominal mass and umbilical discharge, while persistent urachus was identified incidentally during pregnancy; 

patients were managed with laparoscopic excision at 4 weeks, 6 weeks, and one year after diagnosis, respectively. Using 3 

port accesses, the urachus and medial umbilical ligament were clipped and divided. In 2 cases, specimens were separated 

from the bladder dome with a bladder cuff. In one patient, an additional port was required to facilitate intracorporeal 

freehand suturing of the bladder defect. Results: All procedures were completed successfully via laparoscopy. No 

intraoperative or postoperative complications were reported. Operative time ranged from 120,180 and 160 minutes, 

respectively; in-hospital convalescence was 1, 7, and 6 days, respectively. Pathological evaluation revealed a benign urachal 

remnant in each case. Conclusion: Laparoscopic excision of urachal cysts in the aging male or following pregnancy is safe and 

effective. 

No.956 

Author (s) : Permpongkosol, S., Nontakaew, K., Liranupat, C. 

Title : Laparoendoscopic Single-Site (LESS) nephrectomy in a patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) 

Source : International Braz J Urol, Volume 36, Issue 6, December 2010, Page 781 



Abstract : Purpose: To assess the feasibility, safety, and outcomes of transumbilical single port laparoscopic nephrectomy in a patient 

undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) treatment. Materials and Methods: A patient was a 62-year-old 

woman who had been using CAPD for 4 months because of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) secondary to diabetic 

nephropathy. She was referred to the urology clinic, due to suffering from the left pyonephrosis and non-functioning kidney 

with a proximal ureteric stone. Then she underwent percutaneous nephrostomy to drain the pus. After this resolved, she 

350


underwent LESS nephrectomy. Medical records were reviewed, and laboratory values and outcomes were analyzed. Results: 

The procedure was successfully completed without conversion to conventional laparoscopic or open surgery. Operative time 

was 160 minutes. Moreover, the specimen can be easily and rapidly extracted through the TriPort without the use of an 

additional entrapment bag. Estimated blood loss was 200 mL and pain scale was 0-1, with no morphine requirements. On the 

same day of the operative procedure, a double-lumen hemodialysis (HD) catheter was introduced for postoperative HD. The 

patient underwent hemodialysis treatment via a subclavian catheter after the operation and she was discharged home on the 

sixth postoperative day with a functioning CAPD catheter, with no further problems. After 2 weeks, the patient switched from 

HD to CAPD without complications. Pathological analysis revealed chronic pyelonephritis. Postoperative hematocrit, blood 

urea nitrogen, and creatinine were 39.3%, 22 mg/dL, 2.3 mg/dL respectively. The scars receded into the umbilicus and were 

hardly visible. Conclusion: LESS nephrectomy is a feasible technique with advantages of less pain, shortened convalescence, 

improved cosmesis, and absence of wound complications. 

No.957 

Author (s) : Permpongkosol, S., Tantirangsee, N., Ratana-Olarn, K. 

Title : Treatment of 161 men with symptomatic late onset hypogonadism with long-acting parenteral testosterone undecanoate: 

Effects on body composition, lipids, and psychosexual complaints 

Source : Journal of Sexual Medicine, Volume 7, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 3765-3774 


Keywords : International Index of Erectile Function; Late-Onset Hypogonadism; Prostate Safety; Sex Hormone Binding 

Globulin; Testosterone Deficiency Syndrome; Testosterone Undecanoate; Thai; Waist Circumference 

Abstract : Introduction. Elderly men may suffer from late-onset hypogonadism (LOH). The long-term effects of long-acting testosterone 

undecanoate (TU) in a large number of LOH men have not yet been reported. Aims. We analyzed the effects of normalization 

of plasma testosterone (T) in LOH men. Methods. The records of 161 men with LOH (baseline T < 300 ng/dL) were reviewed 

and 100 men had used parenteral TU for >12 months. The mean duration of treatment was 90.6 weeks (54 to 150 weeks). 

Main Outcome Measures. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, percentage body fat, total cholesterol, high-density 

lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and 

hematocrit were measured. Further the Aging Male Symptoms' scale (AMS) and the International Index of Erectile Function 

(IIEF-5 and 15) were scored. Results. T therapy was associated with a significant decline in waist circumference (P = 0.028) and 

percentage body fat (P < 0.001), but no change of BMI. Total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol declined significantly (P = 0.005 

and P = 0.024, respectively), with no significant changes of HDL cholesterol and triglycerides. The scores of sub-scales of AMS 

(psychological, somotovegetative and sexual factors) decreased (P = 0.044, P = 0.200 and P = 0.071, respectively). The mean 

IIEF-5 (P = 0.011) and IIEF-15 scores (P = 0.021) improved significantly. Erectile function domain, orgasmic function domain, 

sexual desire domain, intercourse satisfaction domain, and overall satisfaction domain improved. Median PSA rose from 0.95 

(0.640; 1.558) ng/mL to 1.480 (1.015; 2.275) ng/mL (P < 0.001), with 11 patients >4 ng/mL (4.01-13.21). On biopsy there was no 

evidence for malignancy. The mean hematocrit level increased significantly from 42.3 ± 3.4% to 47.1 ± 3.8%. Conclusions. 

Normalizing serum T in men with LOH resulted in improvement of the metabolic syndrome, mood and sexual functions and 

appeared acceptably safe. © 2010 International Society for Sexual Medicine. 

No.958 

Author (s) : Permpongkosol, S.; Rata-Olarn, K. 

Title : ORAL TESTOSTERONE USE BEHAVIOR AMONG 254 SYMPTOMATIC LATE-ONSET HYPOGONADAL MEN 

Source : JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE, Volume: 7, Special Issue: SI, Supplement: 4, Pages: 221-221, Meeting Abstract: 232, Published: 

SEP 2010 




No.959 

Author (s) : Permpongkosol, S.; Tantirangsee, N.; Liranupat, C. 

Title : SINGLE PORT BOWEL RESECTION AND ANASTOMOSIS FOR ILEAL CONDUIT: AN EXPERIMENT TECHNIQUE IN A PORCINE MODEL 

Source : JOURNAL OF ENDOUROLOGY, Volume: 24, Supplement: 1, Pages: A383-A383, Published: SEP 2010 


351




No.960 

Author (s) : Permpongkosol, S.; Veraasertniyom, O.; Tongprsdit, S.; Pettong, T.; Putthapiban, Y.; Ratana-olarn, K. 

Title : THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANDROGEN RECEPTOR GENE CAG REPEATS LENGTH AND LONG TERM OUTCOME OF 

INTRAMUSCULAR TESTOSTERONE UNDECANOATE THERAPY IN 190 THAI LATE ONSET HYPOGONADAL MEN 





No.961 

Author (s) : Permpongkosol, S. 

Title : An improvement of both voiding and sexual dysfunction in 313 Thai men with lower urinary tract symptoms after an 

uroselective alpha 1-blocker treatment 





No.962 

Author (s) : Permpongkosol, S.; Chaimuangraj, S.; Piyasoonthawon, N.; Leenanupunth, C. 

Title : Laparo-endoscopic single site (LESS) decortication of symptomatic renal cysts with sils ports and roticulator instruments 





No.963 

Author (s) : Permpongkosol, S.; Chanprasopon, P.; Leenanupunth, C.; Wachira, K.; Chaimuangraj, S.; Ratana-olarn, K. 

Title : Long-term study of quality of life of 186 living kidney donors: an evaluation by using the 36-item health questionnaire survey 





No.964 

Author (s) : Permpongkosol, S.; Phanpradit, O.; Leenanupunth, C. 

Title : Laparo-endoscopic single site (LESS) management of benign kidney diseases: evaluation of complications 





No.965 

Author (s) : Permpongkosol, S.; Tantirangsee, N.; Chaimuangraj, S.; Leenanupunt, C. 

Title : Hybrid transvaginal laparoendoscopic single site (LESS) nephrectomy in a porcine model 





352


No.966 

Author (s) : Permpongkosol, S.; Tantirangsee, N.; Ratana-olarn, K. 

Title : The relationship between androgen receptor gene CAG repeats length and long term outcome of intramuscular testosterone 

undecanoate therapy in 183 Thai late onset hypogonadal men 





No.967 

Author (s) : Permpongkosol, S.; Ungnhakorn, P.; Leenanupunth, C. 

Title : Laparoendoscopic single site ureteral reimplantation as a treatment of the single ectopic ureter 





No.968 

Author (s) : Permpoon, R., Thanaphum, S. 

Title : Isolation and characterization of oligomerization domain I and II coding regions of doublesex genes in agricultural fruit flies 

(Diptera: Tephritidae) 

Source : European Journal of Entomology, Volume 107, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 121-126 


Keywords : Bactrocera; Doublesex genes; OD1 and OD2 domains; Phylogenetic relationships 

Abstract : Bactrocera fruit flies are ranked among the most destructive pests of the worldwide fruit and vegetable trades. Coding regions 

of two oligomerization domains within doublesex (dsx) genes were determined in Bactrocera dorsalis (oriental fruit fly) and B. 

correcta (guava fruit fly). Resulting sequences revealed a high degree of similarity at both nucleotide and putative amino acid 

levels in the genus Bactrocera. Conservation of the DNA-binding DM motif and several known molecular features within the 

domains suggest a presence of strong purifying selection on the DSX proteins. Topology of the phylogenetic gene trees and 

deduced amino acid substitution patterns suggest that the coding region sequences of the two domains are diversified in 

concert parallel with the species differentiation. © 2003 Institute of Entomology. 

No.969 

Author (s) : Permpoonputtana, K.; Govitrapong, P. 

Title : INVOLVEMENT OF MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE IN METHAMPHETAMINE-INDUCED NEUROINFLAMMATION OF HUMAN 

NEUROBLASTOMA SH-SY5Y CELLS 





No.970 

Author (s) : Perrine, S.P., Castaneda, S.A., Chui, D.H.K., Faller, D.V., Berenson, R.J., Siritanaratku, N., Fucharoen, S. 

Title : Fetal globin gene inducers: Novel agents and new potential 

Source : Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Volume 1202, August 2010, Pages 158-164 


Keywords : erythropoiesis; fetal globin; quantitative trait loci; short chain fatty acids; thalassemia 

Abstract : Inducing expression of endogenous fetal globin (γ-globin) gene expression to 60-70% of alpha globin synthesis produces βthalassemia 

trait globin synthetic ratios and can reduce anemia to a mild level. Several classes of therapeutics have induced 

γ-globin expression in beta-thalassemia patients and subsequently raised total hemoglobin levels, demonstrating proof-ofconcept 

of the approach. Butyrate treatment eliminated transfusion requirements in formerly transfusion-dependent patients 

353


with treatment for as long as seven years. However, prior generation inducers were not readily applicable for widespread use. 

Currently, a novel oral dual-action therapeutic, sodium 2,2-dimethylbutyrate, is in clinical trials, an oral decitabine formulation 

is under development, and agents with complementary mechanisms of action can be applied in combined regimens. 

Identification of three major genetic trait loci which modulate clinical severity provides avenues for developing tailored 

regimens. These refinements offer renewed potential to apply fetal globin induction as a treatment approach in patientfriendly 

regimens that can be used worldwide. © 2010 New York Academy of Sciences. 

No.971 

Author (s) : Peters, P.J., Stringer, J., McConnell, M.S., Kiarie, J., Ratanasuwan, W., Intalapaporn, P., Potter, D., Mutsotso, W., Zulu, I., Borkowf, 

C.B., Bolu, O., Brooks, J.T., Weidle, P.J. 

Title : Nevirapine-associated hepatotoxicity was not predicted by CD4 count ≥250 cells/μL among women in Zambia, Thailand and 

Kenya 

Source : HIV Medicine, Volume 11, Issue 10, November 2010, Pages 650-660 


Keywords : Antiretroviral therapy; Drug hypersensitivity; Drug-induced hepatitis; HIV; Nevirapine; Skin rash 

Abstract : Objective The aim of the study was to determine risk factors for developing severe hepatotoxicity (grade 3 or 4 

hepatotoxicity) and rash-associated hepatotoxicity (rash with ≥grade 2 hepatotoxicity) among women initiating nevirapinebased 

antiretroviral therapy (ART).Methods The Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Response Study was a 

prospective cohort study carried out in Zambia, Thailand and Kenya. Between May 2005 and January 2007, we enrolled 

antiretroviral-naïve HIV-infected women initiating nevirapine-based ART. At enrolment and at weeks 2, 4, 8, 16 and 24, 

participants had serum alanine transferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) measured and were evaluated clinically for 

hepatitis and rash.Results Nevirapine-based ART was initiated in 820 women and baseline ALT or AST results were abnormal 

(≥grade 1) in 113 (14%) women. After initiating nevirapine-based ART, severe hepatotoxicity occurred in 41 (5%) women and 

rash-associated hepatotoxicity occurred in 27 (3%) women. In a multivariate logistic regression model, severe hepatotoxicity 

and rash-associated hepatotoxicity were both associated with baseline abnormal (≥grade 1) ALT or AST results, but not with a 

baseline CD4 cell count ≥250 cells/μL. Three participants (0.4%) died with symptoms suggestive of fatal hepatotoxicity; all 

three women had baseline CD4 count


categorized as being infection related (NADC-IR) and unrelated (NADC-IUR). Results. A total of 617 patients were included in 

this study: 215 cancer cases and 402 controls from 13 sites. The majority of cancer cases were male (71%). The mean age 

(SD) for cases was 39 (10.6), 46 (11.5) and 44 (13.7) for ADCs, NADC-IURs and NADCs-IR, respectively. The majority (66%) of 

cancers were ADCs (16% Kaposi sarcoma, 40% non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and 9% cervical cancer). The most common NADCs 

were lung (6%), breast (5%) and hepatocellular carcinoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma (2% each). There were also three (1.4%) 

cases of leiomyosarcoma reported in this study. In multivariate analyses, individuals with CD4 counts above 200 cells/mm3 

were approximately 80% less likely to be diagnosed with an ADC (p < 0.001). Older age (OR: 1.39, p = 0.001) and currently 

not receiving antiretroviral treatment (OR: 0.29, p = 0.006) were independent predictors of NADCs overall, and similarly for 

NADCs-IUR. Lower CD4 cell count and higher CDC stage (p = 0.041) were the only independent predictors of NADCs-IR. 

Conclusions. The spectrum of cancer diagnoses in the Asia region currently does not appear dissimilar to that observed in 

non-Asian HIV populations. One interesting finding was the cases of leiomyosarcoma, a smooth-muscle tumour, usually seen 

in children and young adults with AIDS, yet overall quite rare. Further detailed studies are required to better describe the 

range of cancers in this region, and to help guide the development of screening programmes. © 2010 Petoumenos et al; 


No.973 

Author (s) : Pewnim, K., Ketpichainarong, W., Ruenwongsa, P. 

Title : Bringing science to community: A STS-based learning unit on biocontrol for secondary school students 



Keywords : Biocontrol; Environmental awareness; Local wisdom; Secondary student; STS approach 

Abstract : This study aimed to develop a STS-based learning unit on biocontrol for secondary school students to enhance their 

understanding of biocontrol as well as raise awareness in their local environment. They should be able to connect science in 

classroom to local problems in their community. This study focused on the collaboration between students, school teachers, 

and local sages in supporting the authentic learning of students by using biocontrol experiment as a case study. The teachers 

used STS approach (Science, Technology and Society) to construct the novel lesson plan on biocontrol by using local 

materials from school vicinity and/or student's farm. The students learned basic techniques in controlling plant pathogens 

and insect pests by biological agents, both from school and from visiting the local farm and discussing with local experts. 

Teachers then encouraged them to design and conduct their own projects to solve problems on plants, fruits and vegetables 

diseases in their own area. Teachers supported them with certain laboratory materials and equipment as well as necessary 

textbooks and journals. Four instruments were used to assess students' achievement: pretest and posttest, questionnaire on 

awareness, semi-structured interview, and classroom observation. The results showed a significant increase in students' 

understanding of biocontrol concepts and awareness of the local problem. The students applied and integrated the 

knowledge learned to help solving problem on plants' diseases in their community. © Common Ground, Kanrawee Pewnim, 

Watcharee Ketpichainarong*, Pintip Ruenwongsa. 

No.974 

Author (s) : Phaiboon, S. 

Title : RF macro-cell prediction using fuzzy logic: Case study in Bangkok City –Thailand 

Source : International Conference on Communications and Information Technology - Proceedings, 2010, Pages 105-109 


Keywords : Fuzzy logic approximation; Macro cell path loss; The 1 km radius 

Abstract : This paper proposes an simple method to predict macro cell design using fuzzy logic approximation. The concept of Fuzzy 

logic was applied to predict path loss at 1 km interception point. The input fuzzy sets were classified into three sets namely, 

percent of buildings, houses and tree within 1 km radius area. A inference engine was then applied via linguistic rules which 

were trained by conventional point to point model in realistic environment. To check the proposed model, we compared the 

fuzzy prediction with other areas. The results shown that the fuzzy logic approximation provided an accuracy prediction and 

a user friendly prediction. 

No.975 

Author (s) : Phaiboon, S., Phokharatkul, P. 

Title : Comparison between Xia and Walfisch-Ikegami models for low-rise building path loss prediction 

355


Source : IEEE Region 10 Annual International Conference, Proceedings/TENCON, 2010, Article number 5686558, Pages 889-892 


Keywords : Low rise buildings; Path loss measurements; WI model; Xia model 

Abstract : This paper presents path loss prediction on 2-D aerial images taken from the actual areas. The original Xia path loss model 

and the Walfisch-Ikegami model were applied for predicting in low rise building area. In case of the Xia model for non line of 

sight (NLOS), it requires a set of model parameters such as distance from the last roof top to receiver, average building height, 

and antenna heights. While the Walfisch-Ikegami (WI) model requires road parameters such as road width and road 

orientation. We performed measurements at frequencies of 900 and 1800 MHz for comparison between the two approaches. 

From the results it is found that the Xia model provides good agreement, while the WI model provides good agreement 

especially when the receiver is on the street between two buildings. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.976 

Author (s) : Phanuphak, N., Lolekha, R., Chokephaibulkit, K., Voramongkol, N., Boonsuk, S., Limtrakul, A., Limpanyalert, P., Chasombat, S., 

Thanprasertsuk, S., Leechawengwong, M. 

Title : Thai national guidelines for the prevention of motherto-child transmission of HIV: March 2010 

Source : Asian Biomedicine, Volume 4, Issue 4, August 2010, Pages 529-540 


Keywords : HIV; Mother-to-child transmission; Thai guidelines 

Abstract : Thailand has been one of the leading developing countries to implement a national program to prevent mother-to-child 

transmission (MTCT) of HIV. Although the recent transmission rate has been low, the goal is to eliminate MTCT altogether. The 

Thai National HIV Guidelines Working Group issued treatment guidelines to prevent MTCT in Thailand in March 2010. These 

guidelines will be implemented nationwide within a year. The most important aspects of these new guidelines are as follows: 

Treatment in HIV-infected pregnant women who have not been on antiretroviral treatment prior to pregnancy. Antepartum 

treatment is recommended for all pregnant women regardless of CD4 count with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) 

containing zidovudine (AZT) + lamivudine (3TC) + lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r). Treatment should be started immediately 

irrespective of gestational age in women with CD4 count ≤350 cells/ mm 3, and as early as 14 weeks of gestation in those 

with CD4 count >350 cells/mm3. After delivery, women with baseline CD4 count ≤350 cells/mm3 are referred for longterm 

care and HAART according to the National Adult HIV Treatment and Care Guidelines 2010. Women with CD4 count 

>350 cells/mm3 do not need HAART and can stop all drugs after delivery. The treatment in infants includes AZT syrup for 

four weeks and exclusive formula feeding. Treatment in HIV-infected pregnant women who conceive while on HAART. 

Women who are stable on HAART should continue the treatment during the whole period of pregnancy. Those who are 

taking efavirenz (EFV) and present during the first trimester should have EFV switched to another drug. Whenever possible, 

AZT should be used during pregnancy. Treatment in infants is similar to the above scenario. Treatment in women who 

present in labor without antenatal care. Single-dose nevirapine (SD-NVP) 200 mg must be given immediately along with oral 

AZT 300 mg every three hours until delivery, or oral AZT 600 mg given as a single dose. The tail therapy of AZT + 3TC + LPV/r 

for four weeks should be given unless these women have a CD4 count of ≤350 cells/mm 3 and therefore require life-long 

HAART. SD-NVP should not be given if the women are to deliver within two hours. The infants in this situation should receive 

AZT + 3TC + NVP for four weeks. Treatment during delivery and mode of delivery. During labor, oral AZT 300 mg every three 

hours or oral AZT 600 mg given as a single dose is recommended regardless of antepartum antiretroviral (ARV) regimen or the 

woman's history of AZT resistance. Elective caesarean section is suggested in women who did not receive HAART (including 

those without antenatal care), received HAART for less than four weeks prior to delivery, had poor adherence, or had 

incomplete viral suppression at 36 weeks of gestation. 

No.977 

Author (s) : Phanwichien, K., Pradermwong, A., Keenan, H.E., Masawang, K., Lauhachinda, N., Songsasen, A., Sakultantimetha, A., 

Bangkedphol, S., Gaines, A.F. 

Title : The ecological complexity of the Thai-Laos Mekong River: III. Health status of Mekong catfish and cyprinids, evidence of 

bioaccumulative effects 

Source : Journal of Environmental Science and Health - Part A Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering, Volume 

45, Issue 13, November 2010, Pages 1681-1688 


Keywords : bioaccumulation; catfish; cyrinids; Histopathology; Mekong River; metals; PAHs 

356


Abstract : Histopathology of fish organs was used as biomarkers of toxicity from environmental pollutants. A total of 117 fishes 

comprising of 52 cyprinids and 65 catfishes were randomly collected from the Mekong River from 5 stations: Chiang Rai, Loei, 

Nongkhai, Nakhon Phanom and Ubonratchathani. The health of the fish collected in December and April, winter and summer 

respectively, was evaluated. All fish from the 5 stations developed pathologic lesions with the same characteristics in their 

livers, kidneys and spleen. In the liver, there was vacuolation of hepatocytes, accumulation of brownish-green granules in the 

cytoplasm of hepatocytes, necrosis of hepatocytes, granuloma formation and angiogenesis. Kidney lesions consisted of 

glomerular degeneration, necrosis and focal hyperplasia of renal tubules. In the spleen, there were haemorrhage, 

melanomacrophage centre infiltration and necrosis of the red pulp and white pulp. The pathologic severity of the catfish was 

found to be more severe than in the cyprinids and the catfish collected in summer were less healthy than the catfish 

collected in the winter. These histopathological appearances might arise from the fish feeding on the benthos and thereby 

accumulating toxic pollutants in their organs. The activities of the serum enzymes, Glutamic Oxalacetic Transaminase (GOT) 

and Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (GPT), were markedly increased, indicating detoxification activity. The highest activity of 

GOT found in the cyprinids from Chiang Rai 365.30 U/L whereas in the catfish from Nakhon Phanom the activity was 300.73 

U/L. The highest GPT activity found in the cyprinids from Nakhon Phanom was 203.23 U/L where as in the catfish from the 

same station was GPT 389.77 U/L. According to the results from this study, catfish collected from Chiang Rai, Nakhon Phanom 

and Ubonratchathani showed more severe pathological changes than catfish from the other stations. Fish organs and river 

water were analysed for Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metals. The fish organs showed bioaccumulation of these 

toxic pollutants. BioConcentration Factors (BCFs) were calculated. Therefore an attempt is made to correlate these findings to 

the Mekong study in general. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. 

No.978 

Author (s) : Phasukkijwatana, N., Kunhapan, B., Stankovich, J., Chuenkongkaew, W.L., Thomson, R., Thornton, T., Bahlo, M., Mushiroda, T., 

Nakamura, Y., Mahasirimongkol, S., Tun, A.W., Srisawat, C., Limwongse, C., Peerapittayamongkol, C., Sura, T., Suthammarak, W., 

Lertrit, P. 

Title : Genome-wide linkage scan and association study of PARL to the expression of LHON families in Thailand 

Source : Human Genetics, Volume 128, Issue 1, July 2010, Pages 39-49 


Keywords : cytochrome c, mitofusin 1, translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20, metalloproteinase, mitochondrial protein, PARL 

protein, human; allele, apoptosis, article, cell death, chromosome 12, chromosome 13, chromosome 18, chromosome 

3, chromosome 3q, data base, family, female, gene expression, genetic association, genetic 

linkage, genotype, heterozygote, human, Leber hereditary optic neuropathy, major clinical study, male, microsatellite 

marker, nerve degeneration, pedigree, priority journal, protein degradation, single nucleotide 

polymorphism, Thailand, adult, genetics, X chromosome linked disorder; Adult, Female, Genetic Diseases, X-Linked, Genome- 

Wide Association Study, Humans, Linkage (Genetics), Male, Metalloproteases, Mitochondrial Proteins, Optic Atrophy, 

Hereditary, Leber, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Thailand 

Abstract : Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is the most common mitochondrially inherited disease causing blindness, 

preferentially in young adult males. Most of the patients carry the G11778A mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation. However, 

the marked incomplete penetrance and the gender bias indicate some additional genetic and/or environmental factors to 

disease expression. Herein, we first conducted a genome-wide linkage scan with 400 microsatellite markers in 9 large Thai 

LHON G11778A pedigrees. Using an affecteds-only nonparametric linkage analysis, 4 regions on chromosomes 3, 12, 13 and 18 

showed Zlr scores greater than 2 (P<0.025), which is consistently significant across several linkage statistics. The most 

suggestive marker D3S1565 (Zlr>2 in 10 of 16 allele sharing models tested) was then expanded to include the region 

3q26.2-3q28 covering SLC7A14 (3q26.2), MFN1 (3q26.32), MRPL47 (3q26.33), MCCC1 (3q27.1), PARL (3q27.1) and OPA1 (3q28q29). 

All of these candidate genes were selected from the Maestro database and had known to be localized in mitochondria. 

Sixty tag SNPs were genotyped in 86 cases, 211 of their relatives and 32 unrelated Thai controls, by multiplex-PCR-based 

Invader assay. Analyses using a powerful association testing tool that adjusts for relatedness (the MQLS statistic) showed the 

most evidence of association between two SNPs, rs3749446 and rs1402000 (located in PARL presenilins-associated rhomboidlike) 

and LHON expression (both P = 8.8×10-5). The mitochondrial PARL protease has been recently known to play a role with 

a dynamin-related OPA1 protein in preventing apoptotic events by slowing down the release of cytochrome c out of 

mitochondrial cristae junctions. Moreover, PARL is required to activate the intramembranous proteolyses resulting in the 

degradation of an accumulated proapoptotic protein in the outer mitochondrial membrane. Under these circumstances, 

357


variants of PARL are suggested to influence cell death by apoptosis which has long been believed to intrigue the 

neurodegeneration of LHON. © 2010 Springer-Verlag. 

No.979 

Author (s) : Phattanachindakun, B., Boonyagulsrirung, T., Chanprapaph, P. 

Title : The correlation in antepartum fetal test between full fetal biophysical profile (FBP) and rapid biophysical profile (rBPP) 



Keywords : Amniotic fluid index; Fetal surveillance; Full biophysical profile; Rapid biophysical profile; Sound-provoked fetal movement 

Abstract : To determine the correlation between the rapid biophysical profile (rBPP), the combination of amniotic fluid index (AFI), and 

sound-provoked fetal movement (SPFM) detected by ultrasound, and the full biophysical profile (FBP) in terms of abnormal 

and normal result. Material and Method: A prospective study was performed in 200 singleton pregnancies with no fetal 

anomalies between 30-42 weeks of gestation indicated for non-stress test (NST). All participants received both the standard 

(FBP) and the new rBPP examinations. Abnormal fetal test was defined as having a score of ≤ 6 for FBP or ≤ 2 for rBPP. The 

main outcome measurement was Spearman's correlation coefficient (rs) between both examinations. Results: The incidences 

of the abnormal tests were 1.5% and 6.0% in FBP and rBPP, respectively. The data showed a positive correlation between the 

two tests (rs = 0.67; p < 0.01). Regarding the operative time, FBP assessment was 25.56 ± 8.75 times longer than rBPP. The 

number of abnormal NST was remarked at 1.5% while oligohydramnios and abnormal SPFM were detected at 5% and 2%, 

respectively. Compared to the standard NST, rBPP test was significantly superior in terms of correlation with FBP (rs =0.67 vs. 

0.33) and shorter duration of test (1.21 ± 0.32 min. vs. 21.65 ± 5.47). Conclusion: The statistically significant positive 

correlation between rBPP and FBP has been revealed. Due to its simplicity, rapidity, and no need of expensive equipment or 

experienced interpreter, the rBPP may be alternatively used as a primary antepartum fetal test in the overcrowded obstetric 

center or when fetal surveillance tests are limited. 

No.980 

Author (s) : Phatthiyaphaibun, K., Som-Aum, W., Srisa-Ard, M., Threeprom, J. 

Title : Chiral separation of pheniramine by capillary electrophoresis partial-filling technique using hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin as 

chiral selector 

Source : Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Volume 65, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 803-808 


Keywords : Applied voltages, Cd concentrations, Chiral selector, Chiral separations, Enantioseparations, Experimental parameters, Eye 

drops, Limit of detection, Limit of quantitations, Pharmaceutical preparations, Phosphate buffers; Capillary 

electrophoresis, Chirality, Electrochemistry, Enantiomers; Quality control 

Abstract : A simple capillary electrophoresis partial-filling technique for the enantioseparation of pheniramine is presented. Phosphate 

buffer and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) were used as the electrolyte and chiral selector, respectively. Several 

experimental parameters such as HP-β-CD concentration, HP-β-CD plug length, CE temperature and applied voltage were 

studied. Under the selected conditions, pheniramine enantiomers can be separated within less than 14 min. The assay was 

validated for linearity (5.0 × 10-6-5.0 × 10-4 M; R2 = 0.9987), limit of detection (5.0 × 10-7 M), limit of quantitation (5.0 × 10-6 

M), analytical precision (%RSD ≤ 9.8) and accuracy (%recovery = 101 ± 3). The proposed methodology was then applied to 

the analysis of a commercially available pharmaceutical eye drop preparation. The results are in good agreement with that 

declared by the manufacturer. The proposed methodology provides adequate results in terms of simplicity, cost, sample 

throughput, repeatability and accuracy for quality control of pheniramine enantiomers in pharmaceutical preparations. © 

Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2010. 

No.981 

Author (s) : Phatthiyaphaibun, K., Som-Aum, W., Srisa-Ard, M., Threeprom, J. 

Title : Determination of pheniramine enantiomers in eye drop by capillary electrophoresis using hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin as 

chiral selector 

Source : Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Volume 65, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 755-759 


Keywords : Capillary zone electrophoresis, CdS, Chiral selector, Eye drops, Limit of detection, Limit of quantifications, Phosphate buffers; 

Blood vessels, Capillary electrophoresis, Cyclodextrins, Drops, Electrochemistry, Silanes; Data storage equipment 

358


Abstract : A capillary zone electrophoresis procedure has been developed for the chiral determination of pheniramine in eye drop. 

Native and derivative cyclodextrins (CDs) including γ-CD, β-CD, hydroxypropyl-β-CD and dimethyl-β-CD were tested as chiral 

selectors. Using 30 mM hydroxypropyl-β-CD in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 3.0), the acceptable resolution value (R = 1.55) 

was obtained. The assay was validated for linearity (3.3 × 10-6-5.0 × 10-4 M; R 2 = 0.9996), limit of detection (3.3 × 10-6 M), 

limit of quantification (8.5 × 10-6 M), analytical precision by terms of intra- and inter-day variability (RSD ≤ 2.57%), and 

accuracy (recovery ≥ 89.3%). The content of pheniramine in eye drop obtained by the proposed method was in good 

agreement with the declared value. The results indicated that pheniramine in the eye drop was present as the racemate. © 

2010 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. 

No.982 

Author (s) : Phawong, C., Ouma, C., Tangteerawatana, P., Thongshoob, J., Were, T., Mahakunkijcharoen, Y., Wattanasirichaigoon, D., Perkins, 

D.J., Khusmith, S. 

Title : Haplotypes of IL12B promoter polymorphisms condition susceptibility to severe malaria and functional changes in cytokine 

levels in Thai adults 

Source : Immunogenetics, Volume 62, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 345-356 


Keywords : Haplotype; IL12B; P. falciparum; Severe malaria; Single nucleotide polymorphism 

Abstract : Polymorphic variability in immune response genes, such as IL12B, encoding the IL-12p40 subunit is associated with 

susceptibility to severe malaria in African populations. Since the role of genetic variation in conditioning severe malaria in Thai 

adults is largely unexplored, the functional association between IL12B polymorphisms [i.e. IL12Bpro (rs17860508) and IL12B 3′ 

UTR T/G (rs3212227)], severe malaria and cytokine production was examined in patients with Plasmodium falciparum 

infections (n=355) recruited from malaria endemic areas along the Thai-Myanmar border in northwest Thailand. Circulating IL- 

12p40 (p=0.049) and IFN-γ (p=0.051) were elevated in patients with severe malaria, while only IL-12p40 was significantly 

higher in severe malaria patients with hyperparasitaemia (p=0.046). Carriage of the IL12Bpro1.1 genotype was associated with 

enhanced severity of malaria (OR, 2.34; 95% CI, 0.94-5.81; p=0.066) and hyperparasitaemia (OR, 3.42; 95% CI, 1.17-9.87; 

p=0.025) relative to the IL12Bpro2.2 genotype (wild type). Individuals with the IL12Bpro1.1 genotype also had the lowest IL- 

12p40 (p=0.002) and the highest IFN-γ (p=0.004) levels. Construction of haplotypes revealed that carriage of the IL12Bpro-2/3′ 

UTR-T haplotype was associated with protection against severe malaria (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.29-0.90; p=0.020) and reduced 

circulating IFN-γ (p=0.06). Thus, genotypic and haplotypic variation at IL12Bpro and IL12B 3′ UTR in this population influences 

susceptibility to severe malaria and functional changes in circulating IL-12p40 and IFN-γ levels. Results presented here 

suggest that protection against severe malaria in Thai adults is associated with genotypic variants that condition enhanced IL- 

12p40 and reduced IFN-γ levels. © 2010 Springer-Verlag. 

No.983 

Author (s) : Phayuhasena, S., Colgan, D.J., Kuvangkadilok, C., Pramual, P., Baimai, V. 

Title : Phylogenetic relationships among the black fly species (Diptera: Simuliidae) of Thailand based on multiple gene sequences 

Source : Genetica, Volume 138, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 633-648 


Keywords : Black fly; Gomphostilbia; Multigene analyses; Nevermannia; Simulium 

Abstract : Simulium is a very speciose genus of the black fly family Simuliidae that includes many important pests of humans and 

animals. Cytotaxonomic and morphological studies have made substantial progress in Simulium systematics. 16S rRNA and 

ITS-1 DNA sequence studies have assisted this progress. Intensive multi-gene molecular systematic investigations will, 

however, be required for a comprehensive understanding of the genus' taxonomy and evolution. Our research was conducted 

to investigate the relationships of Thai Simulium at the subgeneric, species group and species levels. We also examined the 

possibility of using mitochondrial DNA sequences to facilitate Simulium species identification. Data were collected from three 

mitochondrial genes (COI, ND4 and 16S rRNA) and two segments of the nuclear 28S ribosomal RNA (the D1 to D2 and the D4 

expansion regions). The subgenera Simulium and Gomphostilbia were monophyletic in most analyses. Nevermannia included 

Montisimulium but was otherwise monophyletic in multigene analyses. In most analyses, Simulium and Nevermannia were 

more closely related to each other than to Gomphostilbia which was usually basal. Species groups were generally 

monophyletic. Within Gomphostilbia, however, the batoense species group was always paraphyletic to the other two species 

groups found in Thailand. Three species groups in Simulium were not monophyletic. The tendency to gill filament number 

reduction for some species groups in the subgenus Simulium was associated with a derived position in multigene analyses. 

359


Most species were monophyletic with two exceptions that probably represent species complexes and will present difficulties 

for rapid mitochondrial DNA identification. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010. 

No.984 

Author (s) : Phermthai, T., Odglun, Y., Julavijitphong, S., Titapant, V., Chuenwattana, P., Vantanasiri, C., Pattanapanyasat, K. 

Title : A novel method to derive amniotic fluid stem cells for therapeutic purposes 

Source : BMC Cell Biology, Volume 11, 19 October 2010, Article number 79 


Keywords : 5' nucleotidase, beta actin, beta1 integrin, CD133 antigen, endoglin, Hermes antigen, HLA DR antigen, nestin, octamer 

transcription factor 4, stage specific embryo antigen 4, Thy 1 antigen, transcription factor NANOG, transcription factor 

Sox2, intermediate filament protein, nerve protein, tubulin; adipocyte, amniotic fluid stem cell, article, cell culture, cell 

differentiation, cell division, cell isolation, cell lineage, cell population, cell proliferation, colony formation, controlled 

study, cytochemistry, human, human cell, intermethod comparison, karyotype, nerve cell, osteocyte, protein 

expression, quality control, stem cell, amnion fluid, cell separation, chromosomal 

instability, cytology, female, genetics, gestational age, karyotyping, metabolism, methodology, pregnancy; Animalia; Amniotic 

Fluid, Cell Separation, Chromosomal Instability, Female, Gestational Age, Humans, Intermediate Filament 

Proteins, Karyotyping, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Pregnancy, Stem Cells, Tubulin 

Abstract : Background: Human amniotic fluid stem (hAFS) cells have become an attractive stem cell source for medical therapy due to 

both their ability to propagate as stem cells and the lack of ethical debate that comes with the use of embryonic stem cells. 

Although techniques to derive stem cells from amniotic fluid are available, the techniques have limitations for clinical uses, 

including a requirement of long periods of time for stem cell production, population heterogeneity and xeno-contamination 

from using animal antibody-coated magnetic beads. Herein we describe a novel isolation method that fits for hAFS derivation 

for cell-based therapy.Methods and Results: With our method, single hAFS cells generate colonies in a primary culture of 

amniotic fluid cells. Individual hAFS colonies are then expanded by subculturing in order to make a clonal hAFS cell line. This 

method allows derivation of a substantial amount of a pure stem cell population within a short period of time. Indeed, 

108cells from a clonal hAFS line can be derived in two weeks using our method, while previous techniques require two 

months. The resultant hAFS cells show a 2-5 times greater proliferative ability than with previous techniques and a 

population doubling time of 0.8 days. The hAFS cells exhibit typical hAFS cell characteristics including the ability to 

differentiate into adipogenic-, osteogenic- and neurogenic lineages, expression of specific stem cell markers including Oct4, 

SSEA4, CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105 and CD133, and maintenance of a normal karyotype over long culture 

periods.Conclusions: We have created a novel hAFS cell derivation method that can produce a vast amount of high quality 

stem cells within a short period of time. Our technique makes possibility for providing autogenic fetal stem cells and 

allogeneic cells for future cell-based therapy. © 2010 Phermthai et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.985 

Author (s) : Phisalprapa, P.; Charatcharoenwitthaya, P.; Chainuvati, S.; Nimanong, S.; Prachayakul, V.; Pausawasdi, N.; Pongprasobchai, S.; 

Leelakusolvong, S.; Manatsathit, S.; Kachintorn, U.; Tanwandee, T. 

Title : ON-TREATMENT HBSAG LEVEL AND HBEAG INDEX CAN EARLY PREDICT HBEAG SEROCONVERSION IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS B, 

HBEAG POSITIVE PATIENTS TREATED WITH PEGINTERFERON ALPHA-2A 

Source : JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY, Volume: 25, Supplement: 2, Pages: A94-A94, Published: SEP 2010 




No.986 

Author (s) : Phokharatkul, P., Nantanitikorn, K., Phaiboon, S. 

Title : Thai speech recognition using double filter banks for basic voice commanding 

Source : 2010 International Conference on Computer, Mechatronics, Control and Electronic Engineering, CMCE 2010, Volume 6, 2010, 



Keywords : Double filter banks; Euclidian distance; Thai speech recognition 

360


Abstract : This paper describes the methodology to recognize Thai speech words by integrating two approaches e.g., Double filter banks 

and Euclidian distance in a feature extraction and the recognition processes, respectively. Firstly, the speech signals are 

transformed into the 3-dimension of signal or spectrogram. The spectrogram displays energy information along both time and 

frequency axes. Secondly, the frequencies to be within the bin spread and correlated them with each triangular filter. Thus, 

each bin holds a weighted sum, and represents the spectral magnitude in that filter bank channel. Finally, the filter banks are 

normalized into the normalized bank for comparison between the entry signal of word and various words of dictionary. The 

Euclidian distance is used to measure the similarity between them. The system was evaluated for its accuracy and stability in 

performing various conditions. The accuracy was tested with 9, 000 speeches from several volunteers. The average accuracy 

rate is about 96.3 %. The results show that the evaluation was beyond satisfaction for every aspect. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.987 

Author (s) : Phomphrai, K., Chumsaeng, P., Sangtrirutnugul, P., Kongsaeree, P., Pohmakotr, M. 

Title : Reverse orders of reactivities in the polymerization of cyclic esters using N2O2 aluminium alkoxide complexes 

Source : Dalton Transactions, Volume 39, Issue 7, 2010, Pages 1865-1871 


Keywords : Alkoxide complexes, Amine ligand, Caprolactone, Complex 1, Cyclic esters, Electronic effects, H NMR spectroscopy, Lactide 

polymerization, Lactides, Polymerization conditions, Polymerization of lactide, Polymerization rates, Potassium salts, Relative 

reactivities, Reverse order, Ring-opened products, Side chains, Steric hindrances; Aluminum, Dyes, Esters, Nuclear magnetic 

resonance spectroscopy, Polymerization, Synthesis (chemical), Toluene, X ray crystallography; Ligands; 

aluminum, ester, nitrogen oxide, organometallic compound; article, chemical 

structure, chemistry, cyclization, stereoisomerism, synthesis, X ray crystallography; Aluminum, Crystallography, X- 

Ray, Cyclization, Esters, Models, Molecular, Molecular Structure, Nitrogen Oxides, Organometallic 

Compounds, Stereoisomerism 

Abstract : Three aluminium alkoxide complexes containing N2O2 bis(phenoxy)-amine ligands were synthesized from reactions of the 

corresponding N2O2 ligands with Al(OiPr)3 in toluene. Different amine side chains of the ligands included pyridine (1), 

CH2NMe2 (2), and CH2NEt2 (3). The related chloro aluminium analog (4) was prepared from a reaction between AlCl3 and the 

potassium salt of the N2O2 ligand having CH2NMe2 side chain. X-Ray crystallography reveals that complexes 3 and 4 have a 

monomeric five-coordinate aluminium center. Complexes 1-3 catalyzed the polymerization of ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) at 70 °C 

in toluene with the relative reactivities of 1 < 2 < 3. In contrary, only complex 1 was active for the polymerization of 

lactide under the same polymerization conditions. 1H NMR spectroscopy shows that treatment of 2 with 1 equivalent of 

lactide afforded the ring-opened product L2Al-OCH(Me)C(O)OCH(Me)C(O)OiPr. Electronic effects are believed to be 

responsible for the observed trend in the ε-CL polymerization rates. On the other hand, steric hindrance at the amine side 

chain is the main contributor to the observed rates of lactide polymerization. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2010. 

No.988 

Author (s) : Phornphisutthimas, S., Sudtachat, N., Bunyoo, C., Chotewutmontri, P., Panijpan, B., Thamchaipenet, A. 

Title : Development of an intergeneric conjugal transfer system for rimocidin-producing Streptomyces rimosus 

Source : Letters in Applied Microbiology, Volume 50, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages 530-536 


Keywords : Actinomycetes; Antibiotics; Molecular genetics; Plasmids; Streptomycetes 

Abstract : Aims: To develop an intergeneric conjugation system for rimocidin-producing Streptomyces rimosus. Methods and Results: 

High efficiencies of conjugation [10-2-10-3 transconjugants/recipient colony forming units (CFU)] were obtained when spores of 

S. rimosus were heat treated at 40°C for 10 min prior to mixing with E. coli ET12567(pUZ8002/pIJ8600) as donor. Mycelium 

from liquid grown cultures of S. rimosus could also be used as recipient instead of spores, with 24-h cultures giving optimal 

results. TSA (Oxoid) medium containing 10 m mol l-1 MgCl2 was the preferred medium for conjugation. Southern 

hybridization was used to confirm that transconjugants of S. rimosus contained a single copy of pIJ8600 integrated at a unique 

chromosomal attachment site (attB). The transconjugants exhibited a high stability of plasmid integration and showed strong 

expression of green fluorescent protein when using pIJ8655 as the conjugative vector. Conclusion: Intergeneric conjugation 

between E. coli and S. rimosus was achieved at high efficiency using both spores and mycelium. Significance and Impact of 

the Study: The conjugation system developed provides a convenient gene expression system for S. rimosus R7 and will 

enable the genetic manipulation of the rimocidin gene cluster. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 The Society 

for Applied Microbiology. 

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No.989 

Author (s) : Phosrithong, N., Ungwitayatorn, J. 

Title : Molecular docking study on anticancer activity of plant-derived natural products 

Source : Medicinal Chemistry Research, Volume 19, Issue 8, November 2010, Pages 817-835 


Keywords : Anticancer; Docking; Natural products 

Abstract : A variety of compounds from plant sources have been reported to possess substantial anticancer properties; however, their 

modes of action have not been clearly defined. Selected plant-derived compounds that exhibit anticancer activity were 

subjected to docking simulations using AutoDock 3.0.5. To preliminarily investigate the potential molecular targets and to 

confirm the experimental activity testing for these anticancer compounds, the docking was performed using different 

enzymes and receptor proteins involved with cell cycle, cell growth, and DNA replication, i.e., cyclin-dependent protein 

kinase 2 (CDK-2), CDK-6, DNA topoisomerases I and II, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 

(VEGFR-2), and the telomere: G-quadruplexes. The docking results revealed that lupeol exhibited better binding interaction to 

CDK-2 and Bcl-2 than the known CDK-2 and Bcl-2 inhibitors. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) was found to bind to CDK-6 with 

tighter interaction than several reported CDK-6 inhibitors. Flavopiridol, a synthetic flavonoid, was best bound to DNA 

topoisomerase I. Green tea catechin was best docked with topoisomerase II and VEGFR-2 and quercetin showed very good 

binding interaction with telomere: G-quadruplex. The experimental-derived inhibition constant (Ki) against Bcl-2 and Ki 

calculated from docking energy were well correlated. Therefore, the calculated Ki could be used as a preliminary tool for 

screening of Bcl-2 inhibitors before performing experimental activity assay. © Birkhaüser Boston 2009. 

No.990 

Author (s) : Phusaanantakul, P., Promsonthi, P., Chanrachakul, B. 

Title : Effect of isosorbide mononitrate for cervical ripening before surgical termination of pregnancy in the first trimester 

Source : International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Volume 110, Issue 2, August 2010, Pages 145-148 


Keywords : Cervical ripening; First trimester termination; Isosorbide mononitrate; Nitric oxide; Surgical abortion 

Abstract : Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of isosorbide mononitrate (IMN) for cervical ripening prior to first trimester surgical 

termination of pregnancy. Methods: A prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Women scheduled for 

surgical termination of a nonviable fetus before 12 weeks of gestation from October 2008 to June 2009 were enrolled and 

randomly assigned to receive either 20 mg vaginally of IMN (n = 24) or a placebo (n = 24) 4 hours before suction evacuation. 

Cervical dilation before evacuation was assessed with 10-mm Hegar dilators followed by smaller sizes that were measured 

until the instrument passed freely through the internal os. Cervical dilation, adverse effects, termination complications, and 

patient satisfaction were the main outcomes. Results: Mean cervical dilation was not significantly different between the IMN 

and placebo groups (6.29 ± 0.99 mm vs 5.71 ± 1.04 mm; P = 0.05). Mean operative time did not differ between the groups 

(16 ± 0.07 min vs 18 ± 0.06 min; P = 0.55), nor did patient satisfaction measured by visual analogue scale (7.04 ± 1.68 vs 6.54 

± 1.22; P = 0.24). Conclusion: IMN was comparable to placebo in terms of efficacy and patient satisfaction for cervical priming 

prior to first-trimester termination of pregnancy. © 2010 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. 

No.991 

Author (s) : Phuwapraisirisan, S., Lim, M., Suwanthanma, W. 

Title : Surgical reduction in a delayed case of traumatic testicular dislocation 



Keywords : Dislocated testis; Surgical reduction; Traumatic testicular dislocation 

Abstract : A 27-year-old Thai male was admitted with left groin pain and he felt that he lost his left testis three weeks after his 

motorcycle accident-car collision. He had not been diagnosed after four days of admission at the previous hospital. Surgical 

reduction was performed without acute and delayed complications after three months of follow-up. Traumatic testicular 

dislocation is an uncommon sequel of trauma usually related to straddle injury from motorcycle accidents. Diagnosis 

depends on the awareness of the physician of its possibility of occurrence. Physical examination is the most helpful in 

diagnosis. CT scan or Doppler ultrasound, if available, may be helpful in diagnosis, particularly locating the extrascrotal 

testicle and detecting testicular viability. Manual reduction is the treatment of choice for acute traumatic dislocation of testis. 

362


Open reduction is indicated for the delayed case, or if there are 1) difficulty in determining the integrity of dislocated testis, 2) 

possibility of torsion, 3) failure of close reduction, or 4) the minimal morbidity of an inguinal exploration. 

No.992 

Author (s) : Piaseu, N., Komindr, S., Belza, B. 

Title : Understanding food insecurity among Thai older women in an urban community 

Source : Health Care for Women International, Volume 31, Issue 12, December 2010, Pages 1110-1127 


Keywords : aged, article, Asian, attitude to health, catering service, demography, economics, ethnology, family 

size, female, food, human, interview, middle aged, psychological aspect, qualitative 

research, questionnaire, socioeconomics, Thailand, urban population; Aged, Asian Continental Ancestry Group, Family 

Characteristics, Female, Food, Food Supply, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Middle 

Aged, Qualitative Research, Questionnaires, Residence Characteristics, Socioeconomic Factors, Thailand, Urban 

Population, Women 

Abstract : In this qualitative study we aimed to describe how older women in a crowded urban community perceive the food insecurity 

experience and deal with it. In-depth interviews were conducted among 30 Thai older women. Results revealed that older 

women perceived their food insecurity experience as a negative effect of the current economic downturn globally. They felt 

that they were confronting a crisis. Problems they dealt with included six issues. The women employed management 

strategies around food, health, money, and family. Our results suggest a need for welfare reform that facilitates management 

strategies aimed to meet food security. © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. 

No.993 

Author (s) : Piboonpocanun, S., Boonchoo, S., Pariyaprasert, W., Visitsunthorn, N., Jirapongsananuruk, O. 

Title : Determination of storage conditions for shrimp extracts: Analysis of specific IgE-Allergen profiles 



Keywords : allergen, immunoglobulin E, shrimp extract, unclassified drug; adolescent, allergenicity, article, child, clinical article, food 

allergy, food storage, human, immunoblotting, informed consent, patient selection, polyacrylamide gel 

electrophoresis, preschool child, prick test, school child, serology, shrimp, skin test, storage, storage temperature; 

Adolescent, Allergens, Animals, Blotting, Western, Cell Extracts, Child, Child, Preschool, Cryopreservation, Food 

Hypersensitivity, Humans, Immunoglobulin E, Penaeidae, Reagent Kits, Diagnostic, Shellfish 

Abstract : The consumption of shrimp is a common cause of food hypersensitivity reactions. Shrimp allergy is diagnosed using a skin 

prick test (SPT) as well as by food challenges. Due to the lack of a wide variety of commercial shrimp extracts for SPTs, we 

selected various shrimp species for the preparation of local shrimp extracts. However, optimal storage conditions for the 

shrimp extracts which also maintains allergenic potency has not yet been identified. The objective of the present study was 

to determine the potency of the shrimp extracts under different storage conditions and durations. Specific IgE-Allergen 

profiles of eight shrimp-allergic patients were investigated by using sera incubated with extracts prepared from lyophilized raw 

or boiled shrimp, which were stored at 4°C or -20°C for up to 4 weeks. When stored at -20°C, most allergens were preserved 

after 4 weeks. However, storage at 4°C results in few allergens remaining after 2 weeks. Boiled-shrimp extracts stored at 4°C 

and -20°C contained higher amounts of IgE-allergen complexes than raw-shrimp extracts. Moreover, in both raw and boiled 

shrimp extracts, the IgE bound 36-40 kDa allergens constituted the major proteins since they were observed in all IgE-allergen 

profiles. In conclusion, we recommend that shrimp extracts are stored at -20°C for 4 weeks to prevent the loss of allergens. 

No.994 

Author (s) : Pichainarong, N.; Chaveepojnkamjorn, W. 

Title : YOUTH AND ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES DRINKING PATTERNS AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN CENTRAL THAILAND 

Source : SOUTHEAST ASIAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH, Volume: 41, Issue: 6, Pages: 1467-1474, Published: 



Keywords : drinking patterns; high school students; central Thailand 

Abstract : The objective of this study was to determine the drinking patterns of high school students in central Thailand Eleven 

thousand three hundred sixty high school students from central Thailand were divided into 2 groups (drinkers and 

363


nondrinkers) according to their alcohol consumption Information was obtained by an anonymous self-reporting questionnaire 

which consisted of 2 parts general characteristics, and characteristics of alcohol drinking behavior Data were analyzed using 

descriptive and inferential statistics by a computerized statistical package The socio-demographic factors related to the 

student's alcohol consumption during the previous 12 months were age > 15 years old, male sex, grades 9 and 11 education 

level, living in a private dormitory, staying with a relative or a friend, having a grade point average 30, having a job 

earning money and having family members with alcohol/drug problems (pCAA, α2) and Paksé (codon 142, TAA>TAT, α2) mutations in 

Thailand 

Source : Hemoglobin, Volume 34, Issue 6, December 2010, Pages 582-586 


Keywords : Dot-blot hybridization; Elongated α-globin chain; Gene frequency; Hb Constant Spring (Hb CS); Hb Paksé 

Abstract : Hb Constant Spring [Hb CS, α142(H19)Term] and Hb Paksé [α142(H19)Term] occur from the mutation in the termination 

codon of the α2-globin gene, TAA>CAA (→Gln) and TAA>TAT (→Tyr), respectively. They are the most common 

nondeletional α-thalassemia (α-thal) variants causing Hb H disease in Southeast Asia. In this study, 587 cord blood samples 

were screened for the Hb CS and Hb Paksé mutations by a dot-blot hybridization technique using oligonucleotide probes 

specific for each mutation. The results showed that the prevalence of Hb CS and Hb Paksé in Central Thailand are 5.80 and 

0.51%, respectively, which is in concordance with the results from previous studies. © 2010 Informa Healthcare USA, Inc. 

No.996 

Author (s) : Pillas, D., Hoggart, C.J., Evans, D.M., O'Reilly, P.F., Sipilä, K., Lähdesmäki, R., Millwood, I.Y., Kaakinen, M., Netuveli, G., Blane, D., 

Charoen, P., Sovio, U., Pouta, A., Freimer, N., Hartikainen, A.-L., Laitinen, J., Vaara, S., Glaser, B., Crawford, P., Timpson, N.J., 

Ring, S.M., Deng, G., Zhang, W., McCarthy, M.I., Deloukas, P., Peltonen, L., Elliott, P., Coin, L.J.M., Smith, G.D., Jarvelin, M.-R. 

Title : Genome-wide association study reveals multiple loci associated with primary tooth development during infancy 

Source : PLoS Genetics, Volume 6, Issue 2, February 2010, Article number e1000856 


Keywords : ectodysplasin A, high mobility group A2 protein, Hox protein, insulin like growth factor 2 binding protein 1, inwardly rectifying 

potassium channel subunit Kir2.1, methionine sulfoxide reductase B, methionine sulfoxide reductase B3, nucleic acid binding 

protein, protein HoxB2, protein rad51l1, somatomedin binding protein, unclassified drug; article, chromosomal 

localization, gene cluster, gene frequency, gene linkage disequilibrium, gene locus, human, infancy, organogenesis, single 

nucleotide polymorphism, tooth development, tooth eruption, allele, birth, deciduous tooth, female, Finland, genetic 

association, genetics, genotype, growth, development and aging, infant, longitudinal study, male, meta analysis, United 

Kingdom; Alleles, England, Female, Finland, Genetic Loci, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Infant, Linkage 

Disequilibrium, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Parturition, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Tooth 

Eruption, Tooth, Deciduous 

Abstract : Tooth development is a highly heritable process which relates to other growth and developmental processes, and which 

interacts with the development of the entire craniofacial complex. Abnormalities of tooth development are common, with 

tooth agenesis being the most common developmental anomaly in humans. We performed a genome-wide association study 

of time to first tooth eruption and number of teeth at one year in 4,564 individuals from the 1966 Northern Finland Birth 

Cohort (NFBC1966) and 1,518 individuals from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). We identified 5 

loci at P<5×10 -8, and 5 with suggestive association (P<5×10-6). The loci included several genes with links to tooth and 

other organ development (KCNJ2, EDA, HOXB2, RAD51L1, IGF2BP1, HMGA2, MSRB3). Genes at four of the identified loci are 

364


implicated in the development of cancer. A variant within the HOXB gene cluster associated with occlusion defects requiring 

orthodontic treatment by age 31 years. © 2010 Pillas et al. 

No.997 

Author (s) : Pimpha, N., Sunintaboon, P., Inphonlek, S., Tabata, Y. 

Title : Gene delivery efficacy of polyethyleneimine-introduced chitosan shell/poly(methyl methacrylate) core nanoparticles for rat 

mesenchymal stem cells 

Source : Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, Volume 21, Issue 2, 1 January 2010, Pages 205-223 


Keywords : Chitosan; Mesenchymal stem cells; Nanoparticles; Non-viral carrier; Polyethyleneimine 

Abstract : This work investigated polyethyleneimine (PEI)-introduced chitosan (CS) (CS/PEI) nanoparticles as non-viral carrier of plasmid 

DNA for rat mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The CS/PEI nanoparticles were prepared by the emulsifier-free emulsion 

polymerization of methyl methacrylate monomer induced by a small amount of t-butyl hydroperxide in the presence of 

different concentrations of PEI mixed with CS. The resulting nanoparticles were characterized by their surface properties and 

buffering capacity. In vitro gene transfection was also evaluated. The introduction of PEI affected the surface charge, 

dispersing stability and buffering capacity of the nanoparticles. The CS/PEI nanoparticles formed a complex upon mixing with 

a plasmid DNA of luciferase. The complex enhanced the level of gene transfection and prolonged the time period of 

expression for MSCs, compared with those of plasmid DNA-original CS and PEI nanoparticles. Cytotoxicity of CS/PEI complexes 

with plasmid DNA was significantly low, depending on the amount of PEI introduced. It is concluded that the CS/PEI 

nanoparticle was a promising carrier for gene delivery of MSCs. © 2010 Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden. 

No.998 

Author (s) : Pinchai, N., Juvvadi, P.R., Fortwendel, J.R., Zachary Perfect, B., Rogg, L.E., Asfaw, Y.G., Steinbach, W.J. 

Title : The aspergillus fumigatus p-type golgi apparatus Ca2+/Mn2+ ATPase pmra is involved in cation homeostasis and cell wall 

integrity but is not essential for pathogenesis 

Source : Eukaryotic Cell, Volume 9, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 472-476 


Keywords : adenosine triphosphatase (calcium), aminoglycoside, antifungal agent, beta 

glucan, caspofungin, cation, chitin, echinocandin, egtazic acid, fungal protein, nikkomycin, sodium chloride, sorbitol; 

animal, antifungal resistance, Aspergillus fumigatus, cell proliferation, cell wall, drug effect, enzymology, gene 

expression, genetics, Golgi complex, homeostasis, Kaplan Meier method, lung, lung 

aspergillosis, male, metabolism, mouse, mouse strain, note, pathogenicity, pathology, pH, physiological stress, upregulation; 

Aminoglycosides, Animals, Antifungal Agents, Aspergillus fumigatus, beta-Glucans, Calcium-Transporting ATPases, Cations, Cell 

Proliferation, Cell Wall, Chitin, Drug Resistance, Fungal, Echinocandins, Egtazic Acid, Fungal Proteins, Gene Expression, Golgi 

Apparatus, Homeostasis, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis, Kaplan-Meiers 

Estimate, Lung, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred Strains, Saline Solution, Hypertonic, Sorbitol, Stress, Physiological, Up-Regulation; 

Aspergillus fumigatus 

Abstract : The Aspergillus fumigatus δpmrA (Golgi apparatus Ca2+/Mn2+ P-type ATPase) strain has osmotically suppressible basal 

growth defects and cationic tolerance associated with increased expression of calcineurin pathway genes. Despite increased 

β-glucan and chitin content, it is hypersensitive to cell wall inhibitors but remains virulent, suggesting a role for PmrA in 

cation homeostasis and cell wall integrity. © 2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 

No.999 

Author (s) : Pinpathomrat, N.; Kraweefrengfu, T.; Laphodom, A.; Islam, N.E.; Kirawanich, P. 

Title : Mosquito larva inviability study through pulsed electric field exposures 

Source : Plasma Science, 2010 Abstracts IEEE International Conference on Issue Date: 20-24 June 2010 On page(s): 1 - 1 



Abstract : There are many methods used for mosquito control, for example, habitat modification, such as removing stagnant water from 

potential breeding areas, chemical pesticide, natural predators, such as dragonflies and larvae-eating fish, and trapping. The 

principal objective of this work is to study the effects of pulsed electric fields (PEFs) on mosquito larva inviability. Fourth 

instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus were hand-graded from the same stagnant water supply and divided into 24 groups of 

365


20 larvae for inviability testing. There were a total of 4 experimental sets for 4 different combinations of exposure parameters. 

Each set consists of three groups of treatment replications and three groups of non-treated larvae as associated controls. 

Each group was placed in transparent plastic cup and firmly situated inside the laboratory-constructed treatment chamber 

except the control. The pulse forming line (PFL) was used as a pulse generator. The cups were incubated for 5 days, i.e. close 

to normal hatching time for mosquito larvae, at room temperature of approximately 28°C for normal morphogenesis to take 

place. The inviability was determined at 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours. The mosquito larvae were considered inviable if 

deceased. The effects of PEFs can be observed when the exposure parameters were 5 kV-15 min and 15 kV-5 min. 

No.1000 

Author (s) : Piola, P., Nabasumba, C., Turyakira, E., Dhorda, M., Lindegardh, N., Nyehangane, D., Snounou, G., Ashley, E.A., McGready, R., 

Nosten, F., Guerin, P.J. 

Title : Efficacy and safety of artemether-lumefantrine compared with quinine in pregnant women with uncomplicated Plasmodium 

falciparum malaria: an open-label, randomised, non-inferiority trial 

Source : The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Volume 10, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 762-769 


Keywords : artemether plus benflumetol, quinine; abdominal pain, adolescent, adult, anorexia, article, clinical trial, controlled clinical 

trial, controlled study, dizziness, drug efficacy, drug induced headache, drug safety, eosinophil, female, flu like syndrome, 

follow up, heart disease, human, lymphocytopenia, major clinical study, malaria falciparum, maternal 

mortality, nausea, newborn death, polydactyly, polymerase chain reaction, pregnant woman, prenatal care, priority journal, 

QT prolongation, randomization, randomized controlled trial, second trimester pregnancy, side effect, spontaneous abortion, 

third trimester pregnancy, thrombocyte, tinnitus, treatment outcome, vomiting, weakness; Adolescent, Adult, Animals, 

Antimalarials, Artemisinins, Drug Combinations, Ethanolamines, Female, Fluorenes, Humans, Malaria, Falciparum, Plasmodium 

falciparum, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Quinine, Treatment Outcome, 

Uganda, Young Adult 

Abstract : Background: Malaria in pregnancy is associated with maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. In 2006, WHO recommended 

use of artemisinin-based combination treatments during the second or third trimesters, but data on efficacy and safety in 

Africa were scarce. We aimed to assess whether artemether-lumefantrine was at least as efficacious as oral quinine for the 

treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy in Mbarara, Uganda. 

Methods: We did an open-label, randomised, non-inferiority trial between October, 2006, and May, 2009, at the antenatal 

clinics of the Mbarara University of Science and Technology Hospital in Uganda. Pregnant women were randomly assigned 

(1:1) by computer generated sequence to receive either quinine hydrochloride or artemether-lumefantrine, and were 

followed up weekly until delivery. Our primary endpoint was cure rate at day 42, confirmed by PCR. The non-inferiority 

margin was a difference in cure rate of 5%. Analysis of efficacy was for all randomised patients without study deviations that 

could have affected the efficacy outcome. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00495508. Findings: 

304 women were randomly assigned, 152 to each treatment group. By day 42, 16 patients were lost to follow-up and 25 

were excluded from the analysis. At day 42, 137 (99·3%) of 138 patients taking artemether-lumefantrine and 122 (97·6%) of 

125 taking quinine were cured-difference 1·7% (lower limit of 95% CI -0·9). There were 290 adverse events in the quinine 

group and 141 in the artemether-lumefantrine group. Interpretation: Artemisinin derivatives are not inferior to oral quinine for 

the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in pregnancy and might be preferable on the basis of safety and efficacy. Funding: 

Médecins Sans Frontières and the European Commission. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. 

No.1001 

Author (s) : Piriyapatsom, A., Pranootnarabha, T., Uerpairojkit, K., Punjasawadwong, Y., Chumnanvej, D., Tanudsintum, S. 

Title : Difficult intubation in the adult patients undergoing oropharygolaryngeal, neck, and maxillofacial procedures: Thai anesthesia 

incident monitoring study (Thai AIMS) 



Keywords : Difficult intubation; Maxillofacial procedure; Neck; Oropharyngeal; Thai AIMS 

Abstract : Background: Difficult intubation is one of the common anesthetic related complications during the perioperative period. In 

the patients with pathology or disease involving the oropharyngolarynx, neck, or maxillo-facial region, they might have a 

potentially higher risk than the general population. Objective: To determine the characteristics and the contributing factors of 

difficult intubation in the adult patients undergoing oropharyngolaryngeal, neck, and maxillofacial procedures, and the factors 

366


minimizing this incidence and the suggested corrective strategies. Material and Method: All incident reports of difficult 

intubation in the adult patients who received general anesthesia for the procedure involving the oropharyngolarynx, neck, 

and maxillofacial region from the Thai Anesthesia Incident Monitoring Study (Thai AIMS) database were identified. The details 

of the reports, the contributing factors, the factors those minimizing the incident, and the suggestive corrective strategies were 

studied. Results: There were 26 (1.3%) incident reports of difficult intubation from the database. This occurred in 35%, 58%, 

and 15% of the patients with Mallampati class 1-2, thyromental distance equal or more than 5 cm or 3 fingerbreadths, and 

combined both parameters, respectively. Forty two percent of cases were judged as an unplanned difficult intubation. 

Twentyseven, 23, and 19 percent of the patients had tumor or carcinoma at the oropharyngolarynx, deep neck infection, and 

maxillofacial fracture, respectively. Nearly half of the adverse events accompanied with difficult intubation were desaturation. 

No immediate fatally and late outcome was reported. Patients' disease/anatomy was the major contributing factor that might 

relate to the incidence. Previous experience, experienced assistance, and high vigilance were the factors minimizing incidence. 

Suggestive corrective strategies were guideline practices, additional training, and improved supervision. Conclusion: Carefully 

preoperative airway assessment and additional attention focused on the pathology or disease were the principle tasks. 

Algorithms for both anticipated and unanticipated difficult airway as well as alternative airway equipments should be 

implemented. 

No.1002 

Author (s) : Pirojsakul, K.; Tangnararatchakit, K.; Kositwattanarerk, A.; Chouplywech, P.; Anuratthapan, U.; Tapaneya-Olarn, W. 

Title : Assessment of Renal Function by Cystatin C Level in Pediatric Patients before and after Induction Phase of Chemotherapy 

Source : PEDIATRIC NEPHROLOGY, Volume: 25, Issue: 9, Pages: 1859-1859, Meeting Abstract: 323, Published: SEP 2010 




No.1003 

Author (s) : Pirompul, N.; Govitrapong, P.; Chetsawang, B. 

Title : FARNESYLTRANSFERASE INHIBITOR ATTENUATES METHAMPHETAMINE-INDUCED CELL DEATH IN NEUROBLASTOMA SH-SY5Y 

CULTURED CELLS 





No.1004 

Author (s) : Piroonratana, T., Wongseree, W., Usavanarong, T., Assawamakin, A., Limwongse, C., Chaiyaratana, N. 

Title : Identification of ancestry informative markers from chromosome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms using symmetrical 

uncertainty ranking 

Source : Proceedings - International Conference on Pattern Recognition, 2010, Article number 5595752, Pages 2448-2451 


Keywords : Ancestry informative marker; Attribute selection; HapMap; Pattern recognition; Single nucleotide polymorphism 

Abstract : Ancestry informative markers (AIMs) have been proven to contain necessary information for population classification. In this 

article, round robin symmetrical uncertainty ranking for preliminary AIM screening is proposed. Each single nucleotide 

polymorphism (SNP) is assigned a rank based on its ability to separate two populations from each other. In a multi-population 

scenario, all possible population pairs are considered and the screened SNP set incorporates top-ranked SNPs from every 

pair-wise comparison. After the preliminary screening, SNPs are further screened by a wrapper which is embedded with a 

naive Bayes classifier. A classification model is subsequently constructed from the finally screened SNPs via a naive Bayes 

classifier. The application of the proposed procedure to the HapMap data indicates that AIM panels can be found on all 

chromosomes. Each panel consists of 11 to 24 SNPs and can be used to completely classify the CEU, CHB, JPT and YRI 

populations. Moreover, all panels are smaller than the AIM panels reported in previous studies. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.1005 

Author (s) : Pisetkul, C., Chanchairujira, K., Chotipanvittayakul, N., Ong-Ajyooth, L., Chanchairujira, T. 

367


Title : Malnutrition-inflammation score associated with atherosclerosis, inflammation and short-term outcome in hemodialysis 

patients. 



Keywords : C reactive protein; adult, aged, article, atherosclerosis, chronic kidney failure, echography, female, follow 

up, hospitalization, human, inflammation, male, malnutrition, methodology, middle aged, morbidity, mortality, nutritional 

status, outcome assessment, receiver operating characteristic, renal replacement therapy, Thailand; 

Adult, Aged, Atherosclerosis, C-Reactive Protein, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Hospitalization, Humans, Inflammation, Kidney 

Failure, Chronic, Male, Malnutrition, Middle Aged, Morbidity, Nutritional Status, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Renal 

Dialysis, ROC Curve, Thailand 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: Malnutrition-Inflammation Score (MIS) has been proposed as a new quantitative system for assessment of 

malnutrition and inflammation, which are common important risk factors for increased morbidity and mortality in 

maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. OBJECTIVE: To determine the MIS and related it to the presence of atherosclerosis, 

and the morbidity and mortality rate. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The inflammatory and nutritional status in 100 MHD patients 

was evaluated by serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), and MIS. 

Atherosclerosis was defined by a history of cardiovascular disease or presence of carotid plaque by B-mode ultrasonography. 

Twelve-month prospective hospitalization and mortality rates were recorded. RESULTS: The MIS score was significantly higher 

in patients with atherosclerosis (5.5 +/- 2.3 vs. 3.0 +/- 1.7, p = 0.003) and modestly correlated with serum ferritin level (r = 

0.304, p = 0.03), but did not correlated with hs-CRP. The SGA was not associated with hs-CRP level and atherosclerosis. Over 

a 12-month follow-up period, 4 patients died and 28 were hospitalized at least once. Compared to the survivor group, MIS in 

the deceased group was significantly higher (8.0 +/- 1.4 vs. 5.1 +/- 2.3, p = 0.01) while SGA, hs-CRP and other biochemical 

markers were not significantly different. The Receiver Operating Characteristics Curves for the prediction of 1-year mortality 

from the MIS score identified the optimal cut-off value of 7.5 with sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 88%. There was no 

association between MIS or SGA and hospitalization. CONCLUSION: MIS is a useful tool for the assessment of malnutrition and 

inflammatory status. It is superior to the conventional SGA as a predictor of short-term outcome in MHD patients. 

No.1006 

Author (s) : Pitaksajjakul, Pannamthip; Lekcharoensuk, Porntippa; Upragarin, Narin; Barbas, Carlos F., III; Ibrahim, Madiha Salah; Ikuta, 

Kazuyoshi; Ramasoota, Pongrama 

Title : Fab MAbs specific to HA of influenza virus with H5N1 neutralizing activity selected from immunized chicken phage library 

Source : BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS, Volume: 395, Issue: 4, Pages: 496-501, DOI: 

10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.04.040, Published: MAY 14 2010 


Keywords : H5N1 virus; Phage display technology; Monoclonal antibody production 

Abstract : Hemagglutinin protein (HA) was considered to be the primary target for monoclonal antibody production. This protein not 

only plays an important role in viral infections, but can also be used to differentiate H5N1 virus from other influenza A 

viruses. Hence, for diagnostic and therapeutic applications, it is important to develop anti-HA monoclonal antibody (MAb) with 

high sensitivity, specificity, stability, and productivity. Nine unique Fab MAbs were generated from chimeric chicken/human 

Fab phage display library constructed from cDNA derived from chickens immunized with recombinant hemagglutinin protein 

constructed from H5N1 avian influenza virus (A/Vietnam/1203/04). The obtained Fab MAbs showed several characteristics for 

further optimization and development-three clones were highly specific to only H5N1 virus. This finding can be applied to the 

development of H5N1 diagnostic testing. Another clone showed neutralization activity that inhibited H5N1 influenza virus 

infection in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. In addition, one clone showed strong reactivity with several of the 

influenza A virus subtypes tested. The conversion of this clone to whole IgG is a promising study for a cross-neutralization 

activity test. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 

No.1007 

Author (s) : Pithayanukul, P., Leanpolchareanchai, J., Bavovada, R. 

Title : Inhibitory effect of tea polyphenols on local tissue damage induced by snake venoms 

Source : Phytotherapy Research, Volume 24, Issue SUPPL. 1, January 2010, Pages S56-S62 


Keywords : Anti-snake venoms; Calloselasma rhodostoma; Camellia sinensis L.; Naja naja kaouthia; Necrosis; Plant polyphenols 

368


Abstract : The methanolic extract of fresh tea leaves of Camellia sinensis L. (Theaceae) (CS) was assayed for its potential to inhibit 

enzymes with hydrolytic activity in Naja naja kaouthia Lesson (Elapidae) and Calloselasma rhodostoma Kuhl (Viperidae) 

venoms. These snake venom enzymes are responsible for the early effects of envenomation, such as local tissue damage 

and infl ammation. The CS extract inhibited phospholipase A2, proteases, hyaluronidase and L-amino acid oxidase in both 

venoms by in vitro neutralization and inhibited the hemorrhagic and the dermonecrotic activities of the venoms in vivo. It is 

suggested that the inhibitory potential of the CS extract against local tissue damage induced by snake venoms may be 

attributed to complexation and chelation between the venom proteins and the phenolic contents of the extract. Copyright © 

2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 

No.1008 

Author (s) : Pithukpakorn, M., Chaowalit, N. 

Title : Clinical presentation and echocardiographic findings of Thai patients with Marfan syndrome. 



Keywords : adolescent, adult, aorta aneurysm, article, Asian, echocardiography, ectopia lentis, female, genetics, human, male, Marfan 

syndrome, middle aged, pedigree, Thailand; Adolescent, Adult, Aortic Aneurysm, Asian Continental Ancestry 

Group, Echocardiography, Ectopia Lentis, Female, Humans, Male, Marfan Syndrome, Middle Aged, Pedigree, Thailand, Young 

Adult 

Abstract : OBJECTIVE: Marfan syndrome is an inherited disorder with systemic connective tissue involvement. The condition is clinically 

diverse and extremely pleiotropic. Though several articles had been published, no data from Thai individuals has ever been 

reported. Here we presented clinical manifestations and echocardiographic findings of Thai patients with Marfan syndrome. 

MATERIAL AND METHOD: Clinical and echocardiographic data were collected from series of Thai index cases with diagnosis of 

Marfan syndrome at Siriraj Hospital between 1995 and 2009. Demographic data, clinical presentations, and echocardiographic 

data were reviewed and analyzed. RESULTS: Fifty individuals and thirty echocardiograms were identified. Thirty eight 

individuals (76%) fulfilled clinical criteria for definite Marfan syndrome and twelve individuals (24%) were incomplete Marfan 

syndrome. The majority of those individuals had significant organ involvement including dilatation of ascending aorta (78%), 

ectopia lentis (54%), and skeletal involvement (96%). CONCLUSIONS: In summary, this is the first report of clinical 

manifestation and echocardiographic findings of Thai patients with Marfan syndrome. 

No.1009 

Author (s) : Pitisuttithum, P., Choopanya, K., Rerk-Ngnam, S. 

Title : HIV-vaccine Research and Development in Thailand: Evolution and challenges 

Source : Vaccine, Volume 28, Issue SUPPL. 2, 26 May 2010, Pages B45-B49 


Keywords : Challenges; HIV-vaccine trials; Thailand 

Abstract : Thailand has been committed to HIV-Vaccine Research and Development since the launch of its National Plan, in 1993. Series 

of phase I/II trials, and two phase III clinical trials, have been conducted. The first efficacy trial was conducted with a high-risk 

group, injecting drug users (IDUs), and the second involved communities in the Eastern-seaboard provinces of Thailand. Both 

involved similar challenges in terms of infrastructure strengthening, capacity building, implementing the trials into the existing 

health system, staffing, and commitments. However, there were different issues in recruitment process, follow up, social 

impact events and community involvement since the target participants were different. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights 

reserved. 

No.1010 

Author (s) : Pitisuttithum, P.; Rerks-Ngarm, S.; Bussaratid, V.; Dhitavat, J.; Maek-a-nantawat, W.; Pungpak, S.; Suntharasamai, P.; Vanijanonta, 

S.; Nitayaphan, S.; Kaewkungwal, J.; Benenson, M. W.; Chiu, J.; Robb, M. L.; Gurunathan, S.; Francis, D.; Stablein, D. M.; Kim, J. 

Title : Safety Profiles of ALVAC HIV and AIDSVAX Vaccines in the Phase III Community Based Trial in Thailand 





369


No.1011 

Author (s) : Pitsawong, W., Sucharitakul, J., Prongjit, M., Tan, T.-C., Spadiut, O., Haltrich, D., Divne, C., Chaiyen, P. 

Title : A conserved active-site threonine is important for both sugar and flavin oxidations of pyranose 2-oxidase 

Source : Journal of Biological Chemistry, Volume 285, Issue 13, 26 March 2010, Pages 9697-9705 


Abstract : Pyranose 2-oxidase (P2O) catalyzes the oxidation by O2 of D-glucose and several aldopyranoses to yield the 2-ketoaldoses 

and H 2O2. Based on crystal structures, in one rotamer conformation, the threonine hydroxyl of Thr169 forms H-bonds to the 

flavin-N5/O4 locus, whereas, in a different rotamer, it may interact with either sugar or other parts of the P2O·sugar complex. 

Transient kinetics of wild-type (WT) and Thr169 → S/N/G/A replacement variants show that D-Glc binds to T169S, T169N, and 

WT with the same Kd (45-47mM), and the hydride transfer rate constants (kred) are similar (15.3-9.7 s -1 at 4 °C ). kred of 

T169G with D-glucose (0.7 s -1, 4 °C) is significantly less than that of WT but not as severely affected as in T169A (kred of 0.03 

s-1 at 25 °C). Transient kinetics of WT and mutants using D-galactose show that P2O binds D-galactose with a one-step binding 

process, different from binding of D-glucose. In T169S, T169N, and T169G, the overall turnover with D-Gal is faster than that of 

WT due to an increase of kred. In the crystal structure of T169S, Ser169 Oγassumes a position identical to that of Oγ1 in 

Thr169; in T169G, solvent molecules may be able to rescue H-bonding. Our data suggest that a competent reductive halfreaction 

requires a side chain at position 169 that is able to form an H-bond within the ES complex. During the oxidative halfreaction, 

all mutants failed to stabilize a C4a-hydroperoxyflavin intermediate, thus suggesting that the precise position and 

geometry of the Thr169 side chain are required for intermediate stabilization. © 2010 by The American Society for 

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc. 

Keywords : Binding process, D-galactose, D-glucose, Flavin oxidation, H-bonding, H-bonds, Hydride transfer rates, Precise 

position, Pyranose, Rotamers, Side chains, Solvent molecules, Transient kinetics, Wild types; 

Glucose, Oxidation, Phosphatases, Rate constants, Reaction intermediates, Sugar (sucrose); Crystal structure; flavine 

nucleotide, galactose, glucose, oxidoreductase, pyranose 2 oxidase, sugar, threonine, unclassified 

drug, carbohydrate, hydrogen peroxide, oxygen, pyranose oxidase, riboflavin derivative; amino acid sequence, article, binding 

kinetics, complex formation, controlled study, crystal structure, enzyme active site, enzyme binding, hydrogen 

bond, oxidation, priority journal, wild type, chemistry, enzymology, kinetics, methodology, site directed 

mutagenesis, temperature, Trametes, X ray crystallography; Carbohydrate Dehydrogenases, Carbohydrates, Catalytic 

Domain, Crystallography, X-Ray, Flavins, Galactose, Glucose, Hydrogen Bonding, Hydrogen Peroxide, Kinetics, Mutagenesis, Site- 

Directed, Oxygen, Temperature, Threonine, Trametes 

No.1012 

Author (s) : Piwpankaew, Y., Monteerarat, Y., Suptawiwat, O., Puthavathana, P., Uipresertkul, M., Auewarakul, P. 

Title : Distribution of viral RNA, sialic acid receptor, and pathology in H5N1 avian influenza patients 

Source : APMIS, Volume 118, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 895-902 


Keywords : H5N1 avian influenza virus; In situ hybridization; Sialic acid receptor; Viral RNA 

Abstract : Avian influenza virus H5N1 infects and causes severe disease in humans. Despite the increasing number of fatal cases in 15 

countries and the threat of influenza pandemic, detailed pathologic and virologic findings in humans are limited. In this study, 

we describe histopathologic findings, distributions of viral RNA and the Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-4 sialic acid receptor in human 

tissues from three fatal avian influenza cases. Many of our findings are in agreement with previously published autopsy 

studies, that is, viral RNA and receptor were detected in type II pneumocytes, tracheal epithelium, intestinal epithelium, 

spleen, lymph nodes, and Kupffer's cells. In addition, we detected the viral RNA in glomeruli and renal tubules. There was a 

good correlation between viral RNA distribution and the presence of the sialic acid receptor. Despite the wide distribution of 

viral RNA, tissue damage and inflammation were mainly limited to pulmonary tissue. © 2010 The Authors. Journal 

Compilation © 2010 APMIS. 

No.1013 

Author (s) : Piyaphanee, W., Shantavasinkul, P., Phumratanaprapin, W., Udomchaisakul, P., Wichianprasat, P., Benjavongkulchai, M., Ponam, 

T., Tantawichian, T. 

Title : Rabies exposure risk among foreign backpackers in Southeast Asia 

Source : American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 82, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 1168-1171 


370


Keywords : rabies vaccine; adolescent, adult, aged, article, bite, Caucasian, cross-sectional study, environmental 

exposure, female, human, incidence, infection risk, licking, major clinical study, male, medical 

information, questionnaire, rabies, Rabies virus, Southeast Asia, travel, vaccination; Adolescent, Adult, Animals, Asia, 

Southeastern, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dog Diseases, Dogs, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Middle 

Aged, Questionnaires, Rabies, Rabies Vaccines, Risk Factors, Travel, Travel Medicine, Young Adult 

Abstract : Rabies remains a problem in Southeast Asia where large numbers of backpackers visit each year. During May-June 2008, a 

survey study was conducted of foreign backpackers in Bangkok, Thailand to assess their risk of rabies exposure. Eight hundred 

seventy (870) questionnaires were collected and analyzed. The median age of the backpackers was 25.5 years. Most of them 

were European (68.4%), followed by North American (13.2%). Although 80.7% had sought health information before traveling, 

only 55.6% had received information about rabies. Only 18.1% had completed pre-exposure rabies vaccination (3 shots) 

before travel, whereas 70.9% had not been vaccinated for rabies at all. In this study, the incidence of being licked was 3.56%, 

and of being bitten 0.69%, on average stays of 30.06 days in Southeast Asia. More than a half (54%) of exposures occurred in 

the first 10 days after arrival in Southeast Asia. Copyright © 2010 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 

No.1014 

Author (s) : Piyaphanee, W.; Kusolsuk, T.; Kittitrakul, C.; Suttithum, W.; Ponam, T.; Wilairatana, P. 

Title : Incidence and impact of travelers' diarrhea among foreign backpackers in Southeast Asia 






No.1015 

Author (s) : Piyasirisilp, S., Premprawat, W., Thamlikitkul, V. 

Title : Therapeutic equivalence of generic imipenem/cilastatin for therapy of infections at Siriraj Hospital. 



Keywords : antiinfective agent, cilastatin, generic drug, imipenem; adult, aged, article, bacterial infection, comparative study, cross 

infection, female, hospitalization, human, male, medical record, middle aged, pharmacokinetics, Thailand, treatment 

outcome, university hospital; Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacterial Infections, Cilastatin, Cross 

Infection, Drugs, Generic, Female, Hospitalization, Hospitals, University, Humans, Imipenem, Male, Medical Records, Middle 

Aged, Thailand, Therapeutic Equivalency, Treatment Outcome 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: Several generic imipenem/cilastatin formulations have been approved by Thai FDA and a generic 

imipenem/cilastatin (Yungjin) has been available in SirirajHospital since 2007. Since imipenem/cilastatin is usually given to the 

patients with serious hospital-acquired infections, the generic imipenem/cilastatin must be therapeutically equivalent to the 

original imipenem/cilastatin. The objective of the study was to compare effectiveness and safety of generic 

imipenem/cilastatin with original imipenem/cilastatin for therapy of infections in hospitalized patients at Siriraj Hospital. 

MATERIAL AND METHOD: Medical records of adult hospitalized patients at Siriraj Hospital who received imipenem/cilastatin at 

least 48 hours during June 2007 to September 2008 were reviewed. The effectiveness data of 300 patients who received 

original imipenem/cilastatin were compared with those of 300 patients who received generic imipenem/cilastatin in order to 

determine if a difference in composite favorable outcome of both formulations was within 10%. RESULTS: The demographics, 

clinical features of infections, site of infections, type of causative organisms and concomitant antibiotics of the patients in 

both groups were not significantly different. The overall favorable outcomes in the original imipenem/cilastatin and the 

generic imipenem/cilastatin groups were 65% and 58.7% respectively (absolute difference 6.3%, 95% CI -1.4% to 14%). Cure 

rates of infections in the original imipenem/cilastatin and the generic imipenem/cilastatin groups were 35% and 28.7% 

respectively (absolute difference 6.3%, 95% CI -1.1% to 13.7%). Super-infection rates in the original imipenem/cilastatin and 

the generic imipenem/cilastatin groups were 4.7% and 9% respectively (absolute difference -4.3%, 95% CI -8.5% to 0.3%). 

Mortality due to infections in the original imipenem/cilastatin and the generic imipenem/cilastatin groups were 18.3% and 

21.3% respectively (absolute difference -3%, 95% CI -9.4% to 3.4%). Overall mortality in the original imipenem/cilastatin and 

the generic imipenem/cilastatin groups were 35.3% and 43% respectively (absolute difference -7.7%, 95% CI -15.3% to 0.1%). 

The occurrence of adverse events in the patients in both groups was not significantly different. CONCLUSION: Although the 

371


point estimate of composite favorable outcome of the patients who received generic imipenem/cilastatin (Yungjin) was < 

10% of those who received original imipenem/cilastatin (Tienam), generic imipenem/cilastatin showed a trend for therapeutic 

non-equivalence to original imipenem/cilastatin because the upper limits of 95% confidence interval of differences of several 

important clinical outcomes were more than 10%. 

No.1016 

Author (s) : Piyatanont, K., Bamrungrak, K., Watcharananan, S., Sathapatayavongs, B., Chuncharunee, S., Larbcharoensub, N., Witoonpanich, 

R. 

Title : Intravascular B-cell lymphoma presenting with cauda equina syndrome: The role of skin biopsy 

Source : European Journal of Dermatology, Volume 20, Issue 6, November 2010, Pages 821-822 


Keywords : methotrexate; aged, anamnesis, B cell lymphoma, bone marrow biopsy, case report, cauda equina syndrome, clinical 

feature, drug megadose, echography, histopathology, human, human tissue, intravascular b cell 

lymphoma, letter, male, neurologic examination, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, pancytopenia, skin biopsy; 

Aged, Biopsy, Diagnostic Imaging, Fatal Outcome, Humans, Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse, Male, Polyradiculopathy, Vascular 

Neoplasms 


No.1017 

Author (s) : Piyawinijwong, S., Sirisathira, N. 

Title : Supernumerary subclavius muscle in Thais: Predisposing cause of thoracic outlet syndrome 



Keywords : Subclavius muscle; Subclavius posticus; Supernumerary; Thoracic outlet syndrome 

Abstract : Objective: To demonstrate and classify the variation of the subclavius muscle according to its insertion in the Thais. Material 

and Method: One hundred and twenty eight upper limbs were dissected out to expose the scapular region. The attachments 

of subclavius muscles were examined and recorded. Results: The subclavius muscle was categorized into 4 types according to 

its insertion. There are 64.06% of type I, 17.96% of type II, 15.62% of type III and 2.34% of type IV. The insertion of subclavius 

muscle is gradually extended from the shallow groove on the inferior surface of the clavicle towards the conoid ligament and 

corocoid process, to the superior transverse scapular ligament and to the superior border of the scapula adjacent to the 

insertion of inferior belly of omohyoid muscle. Conclusion: The present study prevailed 64% normal subclavius muscle and 

other 36% of varied supernumerary subclavius muscle. The presence of supernumerary subclavius muscle could be a 

predisposing causative factor of thoracic outlet syndrome. 

No.1018 

Author (s) : Plasen, D., Akarasereenont, P., Techatraisak, K., Chotewuttakorn, S., Thaworn, A. 

Title : Initial response of endothelial cells to acute stimulation with a lipid component: increase cyclooxygenase activity by 

induction of COX-2 through activation of tyrosine kinase. 

Source : Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet, Volume 93 Suppl 2, February 2010, Pages S59-67 


Keywords : 25 hydroxycholesterol, 25-hydroxycholesterol, 6 oxoprostaglandin F1 alpha, antihypertensive agent, arachidonic acid 

derivative, cholesterol derivative, cyclooxygenase 2, genistein, prostacyclin, prostaglandin synthase, protein kinase 

inhibitor, protein tyrosine kinase, PTGS2 protein, human; article, biosynthesis, cytology, dose response, drug 

effect, endothelium cell, enzyme immunoassay, enzymology, human, metabolism, newborn, time, umbilical vein, vascular 

endothelium, Western blotting; 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha, Antihypertensive Agents, Arachidonic Acids, Blotting, 

Western, Cyclooxygenase 2, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Endothelial Cells, Endothelium, 

Vascular, Epoprostenol, Genistein, Humans, Hydroxycholesterols, Immunoenzyme Techniques, Infant, Newborn, Prostaglandin- 

Endoperoxide Synthases, Protein Kinase Inhibitors, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, Time Factors, Umbilical Veins 

Abstract : To study the initial response of endothelial cells acutely stimulated with a lipid component in the aspect of cyclooxygenase 

(COX) function which needed for prostacyclin synthesis, an endogenous antiatherogenic agent secreted from endothelial 

cells. 25 hydroxycholesterol (25OHC) was used as a representative lipid component for stimulating human umbilical vein 

endothelial cell (HUVEC) obtained from umbilical cords of healthy newborns with informed consent of their mothers. HUVEC 

372


were treated with 25OHC (0.1, 1 or 10 microgram/mL) at times 6, or 24 h. COX activity was measured from amount of 6-keto- 

PGF(1 alfa) production in the presence of exogenous arachidonic acids (10 micromolar; 10 min) by enzyme immunoassay. The 

amount of COX-1 and COX-2 protein were detected by Western blot. Cell viability was assessed by using MTT assay. 25OHC 

induced COX-2 protein production with increasing the activity of COX enzyme in HUVEC without change in amount of COX-1 

protein. The induction of COX-2 or increasing in COX activity depended on concentration of 25OHC and time to exposure 

which seemed to be inhibited by genistein, a specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Acute stimulation of HUVEC with 25OHC, an 

atherosclerotic lipid component, increases the activity of COX by inducing COX-2 expression in a manner that depended on 

concentration and time. The induction of COX-2 expression might possibly mediated through activation protein tyrosine 

kinase. These responses may be an initial defensive mechanism of endothelial cells from lipid component attack. 

No.1019 

Author (s) : Pohl, P., Dural, J., Vorapalawut, N., Merdrignac, I., Lienemann, C.P., Carrier, H., Grassl, B., Bouyssiere, B., Lobinski, R. 

Title : Multielement molecular size fractionation in crude oil and oil residue by size exclusion microchromatography with high 

resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric detection (HR ICP MS) 

Source : Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, Volume 25, Issue 12, December 2010, Pages 1974-1977 


Keywords : Certified reference materials, Existing method, Flow injection, High resolution, High sensitivity, HR-ICP-MS, Mass spectrometric 

detection, Microchromatography, Molecular mass fractions, Molecular size fractionation, Multi-element, Multielement 

determination, Oil residues, Size exclusion, Vacuum distillation; Chromatographic analysis, Chromium, Crude 

oil, Distillation, Electromagnetic induction, Inductively coupled plasma; Mass spectrometers 

Abstract : Microchromatography using permeation through gels with the increasing exclusion limit (5000, 400000 and 20000000 Da) was 

combined with high resolution (R = 4000) ICP MS to measure the distribution of Co, Cr, Fe, Ni, S, Si, V and Zn as a function of 

the molecular mass fraction of crude oil and oil vacuum distillation residue. The accuracy of the simultaneous multielement 

determination was verified by the flow-injection-ICP MS analysis of certified reference materials (wear-metals in lubricating 

oils: SRM 1084a and SRM 1085b). The method allowed the acquisition of chromatograms with high sensitivity competitive 

existing methods, showing element- and sample origin-dependent morphology. © 2010 The Royal Society of Chemistry. 

No.1020 

Author (s) : Pohl, P., Vorapalawut, N., Bouyssiere, B., Carrier, H., Lobinski, R. 

Title : Direct multi-element analysis of crude oils and gas condensates by double-focusing sector field inductively coupled plasma 

mass spectrometry (ICP MS) 

Source : Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, Volume 25, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 704-709 


Keywords : Carbon rich, Certified reference materials, Detection limits, Different origins, Double focusing, External 

calibration, matrix, Multielement analysis, Oil samples, Order of magnitude, Organic solutions, Polyatomic 

interferences, Quadrupoles, Sector field, Sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometries, Simultaneous 

determinations, Trace element analysis; Aromatic hydrocarbons, Barium, Calcium, Chromium, Electromagnetic induction, Gas 

oils, Inductively coupled plasma, Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, Manganese, Manganese compounds, Metal 

analysis, Silver, Tin, Trace analysis, Trace elements, Xylene; Gas condensates 

Abstract : A double-focusing sector field ICP MS was optimized for the direct simultaneous determination of Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, 

Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sn, Ti, V in organic solutions. Polyatomic interferences originating from the carbon-rich matrix were 

completely eliminated at a resolution of 4000 allowing the detection limits at the low pg g-1 level to be obtained (typically 

one order of magnitude lower than using a quadrupole ICP MS). A method for the routine comprehensive trace element 

analysis of xylene solutions of oil samples using external calibration was developed. It was validated by the analysis of three 

certified reference materials and applied to the analysis of 2 gas condensate samples and 4 oil samples of different origins. © 

The Royal Society of Chemistry 2010. 

No.1021 

Author (s) : Pohl, P., Vorapalawut, N., Bouyssiere, B., Lobinski, R. 

Title : Trace-level determination and insight in speciation of silicon in petrochemical samples by flow-injection high resolution ICP 

MS and HPLC-high resolution ICP MS 

Source : Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, Volume 25, Issue 9, September 2010, Pages 1461-1466 

373



Keywords : Calibration graphs, Chemical forms, Detection limits, Double focusing, Flow injection, High-resolution ICP-MS, Magnetic 

sectors, Micro-flow, Normal phase HPLC, Orders of magnitude, Organic solutions, Related matrices, Sample dilution, Sample 

introduction, Sample matrix, Signal-to-background ratio, Spray chamber, Standard samples, Trace-level determination; Trace 

analysis; Silicon compounds 

Abstract : A method for the determination of silicon in organic solutions was developed using a double focusing magnetic sector ICP MS 

operating at a resolution of 4000. The signal-to-background ratio was improved 10-fold over standard sample introduction 

systems by the use of micro-flow injection total consumption sample introduction. The detection limits down to 1 ng g -1, 

the calibration graph linear over 4 orders of magnitude and precision to within a few percent were obtained. The effects of 

the sample matrix and of the chemical form of silicon on the sensitivity were investigated and alleviated when necessary by 

heating the spray chamber and sample dilution. Normal phase HPLC-ICP MS and size-exclusion ICP MS were proposed to gain 

an insight into the purity of the silicon standard compounds, their reactivity with different petroleum-related matrices and 

speciation of silicon. © 2010 The Royal Society of Chemistry. 

No.1022 

Author (s) : Poljaroen, J., Vanichviriyakit, R., Tinikul, Y., Phoungpetchara, I., Linthong, V., Weerachatyanukul, W., Sobhon, P. 

Title : Spermatogenesis and distinctive mature sperm in the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) 

Source : Zoologischer Anzeiger, Volume 249, Issue 2, August 2010, Pages 81-94 


Keywords : Basic nuclear proteins; Chromatin condensation; Macrobrachium rosenbergii; Spermatogenesis; Spermiogenesis; Testis; 

Ultrastructure 

Abstract : The structures of differentiating male germ cells in the testis of the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, were 

studied by light and electron microscopy. Based on ultrastructural characteristics, the developing male germ cells are 

classified into 12 stages, including spermatogonia, six phases of primary spermatocytes (leptotene, zygotene, pachytene, 

diplotene, diakinesis and metaphase), secondary spermatocyte, three stages of spermatids and mature sperm. During 

spermatogenesis, the differentiating germ cells have characteristics similar to those of other invertebrates, but they exhibit 

some unique characteristics during spermiogenesis. In particular, an early spermatid has a round nucleus with highly 

condensed heterochromatin, appearing as thick interconnecting cords throughout the nucleus. In contrast to most 

invertebrates and vertebrates, the chromatin begins to decondense in one-half of the nucleus at the mid spermatid stage. In 

the late spermatid, the chromatin becomes almost entirely decondensed with only a small crescent-shaped heterochromatin 

patch remaining at the anterior pole of the nucleus. Mature sperm possess an everted umbrella-shaped plate with a spike 

covering the anterior pole of the nucleus, whose chromatin is totally decondensed as only small traces of histones H3 and 

H2B remain. The acrosome appears at the ruffled border of the spike plate as small sac-like structures. Few mitochondria 

remain in the cytoplasm at the posterior pole. © 2010 Elsevier GmbH. 

No.1023 

Author (s) : Polsomboon, S.; Tainchum, K.; Sungvornyothin, S.; Suwonkerd, W.; Achee, N.L.; Grieco, J.P.; Chareonviriyaphap, T. 

Title : DIFFERENTIAL BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES OBSERVED IN AEDES AEGYPTI IN RESPONSE TO REDUCED COVERAGE AND DOSE OF 

STANDARD VECTOR CONTROL CHEMICALS IN THAILAND 






No.1024 

Author (s) : Pongcharoen, P.; Tohtong, R. 

Title : THE ROLE OF CD44 IN HUMAN CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA CELLS 

Source : ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY, Volume: 21, Supplement: 6, Pages: 54-55, Published: 2010 




374


No.1025 

Author (s) : Pongkumpai, M., Trakulsomboon, S., Suankratay, C. 

Title : An evaluation of 2.0 McFarland Etest method for detection of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus 

aureus 



Keywords : Etest; Heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus; Population analysis profiles; Staphylococcus 

aureus; Susceptibility 

Abstract : Background: Staphylococcus aureus with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin or heterogeneous vancomycinintermediate S. 

aureus (hVISA) have become increasingly reported from various parts of the world. hVISA cannot be detected by routine test 

for minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for vancomycin. The gold standard method for detection, population analysis 

profiles (PAP) method, is complicated, time-consuming, expensive, and needs well-trained microbiologists. Objective: Evaluate 

of 2.0 McFarland Etest method, in comparison with the PAP method, for detection of hVISA in clinical specimens. Methods: 

All methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains from clinical specimens isolated from consecutive patients attended at King 

Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital and Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok between 2006 and 2007 were studied. 1 hundred nineteen 

specimens were obtained. The PAP method detected six hVISA strains 5 from blood and from cultures) from four patients at 

King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, accounting for a prevalence of 6.35%. The MIC determined by agar dilution method 

was in the range of 2-3 ìg/mL. Results: 2.0 McFarland Etest method detected no false positive and five false negatives (42%), 

and gave a sensitivity and a specificity of 16.7% and 100%, respectively. The one-point population analysis screening method 

detected two false positives and 1 false negative, and gave a sensitivity of 83.3% and a specificity and 98.2%. Conclusion: The 

2.0 McFarland Etest method had a very good specificity but a poor sensitivity for detecting hVISA. It may be used as an 

alternative method to confirm detection of hVISA. 

No.1026 

Author (s) : Pongpech, P., Amornnopparattanakul, S., Panapakdee, S., Fungwithaya, S., Nannha, P., Dhiraputra, C., Leelarasamee, A. 

Title : Antibacterial activity of carbapenem-based combinations againts multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii 



Keywords : Acinetobacter baumannii; Antimicrobial combination; Colistin; Imipenem; Meropenem; Multidrugresistance; 

Sulbactam; Synergy 

Abstract : Background: Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii are increasingly encountered and frequently susceptible only 

to colistin with their MIC values close to resistance breakpoint. Antibacterial activity of two carbapenem-based combinations 

were explored in order to overcome the bacterial resistance. Material and Method: Thirty clinical isolates of MDR A. 

baumannii were employed to assess in vitro antibacterial activity of two carbapenem-based regimens. Imipenem combined 

with colistin and meropenem combined with colistin and sulbactam were the first and second regimens, respectively. All 

isolates were resistant to imipenem (MIC range: 8-128 ?g/ml) and meropenem (MIC range: 64-256 μg/ml) but still susceptible 

to colistin (MIC range: 0.5-2 μg/ml). The MIC range of sulbactam was 4-64 μg/ml. None of the isolates produced metallo-βlactamase. 

Results: Synergistic antibacterial effect of imipenem combined with colistin was observed against 100 percent of A. 

baumannii isolates by the checkerboard microdilution panel method. In a subsequent time kill study, the most active 

concentration of this regimen was the combination of imipenem at the fixed concentration of 32 μg/ml and colistin at the 

1/4 of the MIC values of each isolate that exerted significantly higher bactericidal activity than imipenem at 32 μg/ml alone 

and colistin alone at the 1/4 of the MIC values. The scanning electron micrographs demonstrated major cell morphological 

change and cell wall destruction after 2-hour exposure to this combination. The triple combinations of meropenem, 

sulbactam and colistin showed synergy against 96.7 percent of MDR A. baumannii while double combinations of either 

meropenem and sulbactam, meropenem and colistin, and sulbactam and colistin showed synergy effects of 70%, 73.3% and 

53.3%, respectively. The time kill study using ten isolates also showed better killing effect by the triple combination than any 

of the double combinations. Conclusion: Antibacterial activity against MDR A. baumannii of imipenem plus colistin was 

superior over any single of the two agents. The addition of sulbactam to meropenem and colistin may further improve their 

antibacterial activity. The double or triple carbapenem-based combinations offer promising alternatives in the treatment of 

infections due to MDR A. baumannii. 

375


No.1027 

Author (s) : Pongpech, S., Aurboonyawat, T., Visudibhan, A., Jiarakongmun, P. 

Title : Endovascular management in children with vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation 

Source : Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Volume 53, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 169-174 


Keywords : choroidal type; embolization; mural type; vein of galen aneurysmal malformation 

Abstract : Background: A vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation (VGAM) is a relatively rare vascular malformation, often resulting in 

high morbidity and mortality. While surgical arterial clipping has been reported for decades, results in the literature have 

recently favored endovascular treatment. Methods: During a 10-year period, all children who were diagnosed with VGAM were 

included in our follow-up study. Clinical and radiological records of 5 consecutive patients were reviewed. Results: 5 children 

(4 infants and 1 child) who suffered from symptoms caused by VGAM were treated by means of transarterial embolization 

with n-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) alone. Their age at the time of diagnosis ranged from 4 months to 3 years. 4 of the 5 

patients presented with macrocranium, and 3 of those 4 patients were infants. The fifth patient presented with seizures. None 

of the patients presented with hemorrhage. 2 of the 5 VGAM patients were classified as the mural type, while the others 3 

were of the choroidal type. Both mural type patients achieved total obliteration of lesions with good outcomes. One of the 

remaining 3 patients exhibited autistic behavior during late follow-up, whereas the other 2 had good outcomes. 2 patients 

suffered from asymptomatic ruptured arterial feeders during embolization, which were treated immediately with glue 

embolization. Conclusion: Our purpose in treating a patient with VGAM is to achieve normal brain development using 

minimally invasive interventions. Our treatment strategies were influenced by each patient's clinical status, their ages, and 

varying radiographic features. We achieved considerable successful in treating our patients by means of transarterial 

embolization alone. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart - New York. 

No.1028 

Author (s) : Pongpruttipan, T., Treetipsatit, J., Amornpichetkul, K., Kummalue, T., Chuphrom, A., Khuhapinant, A., Siritanaratkul, N., 

Sukpanichnant, S. 

Title : EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the elderly with dual genotype and aberrant TIA-1 expression: A case report 

and review of literature 

Source : Journal of Hematopathology,2010, 3 (2), pp. 83 – 89. 


Keywords : Cytotoxic protein; Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; EBV; Immunoglobulin heavy chain gene; T-cell receptor gene; TIA-1 

Abstract : B-cell lymphomas generally do not express T-cell intracellular antigen-1 (TIA-1), a cytotoxic granule-associated protein. We 

report a case of EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the elderly with aberrant expression of TIA-1. The 

patient was an 84-year-old man with a history of progressively enlarged left parotid mass and mild facial paresis for 2 months. 

The incisional biopsy revealed sheets of medium to large lymphoma cells with focal angiocentricity and extensive tumor 

necrosis; only a few scattered small lymphocytes were noted among the lymphoma cells. Immunohistochemistry in formalinfixed 

paraffin-embedded tissue demonstrated that the lymphoma cells marked with CD20, CD30, CD45 (focal), CD79a, BCL2 

(focal and weak), PAX5, Oct2, BOB. 1, IRF4/MUM1, EBV-LMP1, and TIA-1, but they did not mark with CD3, CD4, CD5, CD7, CD8, 

CD10, CD15, CD23, CD56, CD57, CD138, kappa and lambda immunoglobulin light chains, BCL6, βF1, granzyme B, or perforin. 

The aberrant TIA-1 expression was then confirmed by two different autostainers. EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) in situ hybridization 

was positive in the lymphoma cells. Gel electrophoresis for immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) and T-cell receptor (TCR) gene 

rearrangements revealed no definite clonal band, but fluorescence capillary electrophoresis demonstrated positive results for 

both IgH and TCR genes. Finally, we concluded this case as an EBV-positive DLBCL of the elderly with dual genotype 

(rearrangements of both IgH and TCR genes) and aberrant TIA-1 protein expression. © 2010 Springer-Verlag. 

No.1029 

Author (s) : Pongsai, P., Atamasirikul, K., Sungkanuparph, S. 

Title : The role of serum cryptococcal antigen screening for the early diagnosis of cryptococcosis in HIV-infected patients with 

different ranges of CD4 cell counts 

Source : Journal of Infection, Volume 60, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 474-477 


Keywords : AIDS; Cryptococcosis; HIV; Screening; Serum cryptococcal antigen 

376


Abstract : Objective: To determine the role of serum cryptococcal antigen (SCA) for the screening of cryptococcosis in HIV-infected 

patients with different ranges of CD4 cell counts. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in antiretroviral-naïve 

HIV-infected patients who had no symptom and had been screened with SCA in a tertiary-care hospital. Prevalence of 

positive SCA at different ranges of CD4 cell counts, risk factor of positive SCA, and incidence of cryptococcosis during one-year 

follow-up period after negative SCA were determined. Results: There were 131 patients with a mean age of 38.5 years; 61.8% 

were male. Median (range) CD4 was 62 (3-590) cells/mm3. The overall prevalence of positive SCA was 9.2%. This prevalence 

in patients with CD4 < 100, 100-199, and ≥200 cells/mm3 were 12.9%, 3.6%, and 0%, respectively (P = 0.041). In 

multivariate analysis, CD4 < 100 cells/mm3 was associated with positive SCA (OR = 6.69; 95% CI, 1.03-23.56). Four (33.3%) of 

12 patients with positive SCA had cryptococcosis whereas one (0.8%) of 119 patients with negative SCA developed meningitis 

at one-year follow-up. Conclusions: SCA screening has a substantial role for the early detection of cryptococcal infection in 

HIV-infected patients with low CD4 cell counts. Routine screening with SCA should be performed in patients with CD4 < 100 

cells/mm3. © 2010 The British Infection Society. 

No.1030 

Author (s) : Pongsiri, P., Auksornkitti, V., Theamboonlers, A., Luplertlop, N., Rianthavorn, P., Poovorawan, Y. 

Title : Entire genome characterization of Chikungunya virus from the 2008-2009 outbreaks in Thailand 

Source : Tropical Biomedicine, Volume 27, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 167-176 


Keywords : Alphavirus infection, article, Chikungunya alphavirus, epidemic, genetics, genotype, human, phylogeny, Thailand, virology, virus 

genome; Alphavirus Infections, Chikungunya virus, Disease Outbreaks, Genome, Viral, Genotype, Humans, Phylogeny, Thailand 

Abstract : The resurgence of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in the southern, northeastern and northern parts of Thailand, inflicting 

approximately 46,000 reported cases since October 2008 until December 2009, has raised public health concerns. In the 

present study, we characterized nearly complete genome sequences of four CHIKV isolates obtained from 2008 to 2009 

outbreaks in Thailand. Phylogenetic analysis was performed to determine the relationships of the study viruses with 

previously reported isolates. Results showed that 2008-2009 Thailand isolates belonged to the East, Central and South African 

genotype and were most closely related to isolates detected in Malaysia and Singapore in 2008. This was in contrast to 

isolates from all previous outbreaks in Thailand which were caused by an Asian genotype. We describe several novel 

mutations in Thailand isolates that warrants further investigation on characterization of CHIKV from different parts of the 

country to better understand the molecular epidemiology of Chikungunya fever outbreaks in Thailand. 

No.1031 

Author (s) : Pongsthorn, C., Ozawa, H., Aizawa, T., Kusakabe, T., Nakamura, T., Itoi, E. 

Title : Giant sacral schwannoma: A report of six cases 

Source : Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences, Volume 115, Issue 2, 12 May 2010, Pages 146-152 


Keywords : Pelvis; Sacrum; Schwannoma; Subtotal excision 

Abstract : Sacral and presacral schwannomas are often found incidentally, because they present with vague symptoms or symptomless. 

Schwannoma occurring in this area occasionally presents with enormous dimensions, known as a giant schwannoma. The 

tumor removal is a surgical challenge due to the difficult approach and abundant vascularity. The aim of this study is to 

review cases of giant sacral schwannomas focusing the surgical management and outcome. Six patients with sacral and 

presacral schwannoma were treated surgically. The patients included two males and four females, and the mean age was 

47.8 years. All patients experienced pain at the time of presentation. The tumors were classified as intraosseous type in one 

case, dumb-bell type in four cases, and retroperitoneal type in one case. The tumors were removed with a piecemeal 

subtotal excision in three patients, a partial excision in two patients, and enucleation in one patient. The surgeries were 

performed by the combination of an anterior and posterior approach in three patients, a posterior approach in two patients, 

and an anterior approach in one patient. The mean surgical time was 7.8 hrs, and the mean blood loss was 2572 g. The 

tumor recurred in one patient after the partial excision and was removed completely in a second surgery. No patient, 

including the patient who underwent the second surgery, presented with pain and obvious neurological deficit at the final 

follow-up. The surgical treatment of the giant sacral schwannoma with a piecemeal subtotal excision can achieve a good 

outcome, avoiding unnecessary neurological deficit. © 2010 Nordic Orthopedic Federation. 

377


No.1032 

Author (s) : Pongsumpun, P., Tang, I.-M. 

Title : Impact of cross-border migration on disease epidemics: Case of the P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria epidemic along the 

Thai-Myanmar border 

Source : Journal of Biological Systems, Volume 18, Issue 1, March 2010, Pages 55-73 


Keywords : Basic Reproduction Number; Burmese; Equilibrium States; Local Stability; Plasmodium vivax Malaria; Thai; Transmission 

Models 

Abstract : The transmission of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria in a mixed population of Thais and migrant 

Burmese living along the Thai-Myanmar border is studied through a mathematical model. The population is separated into 

two groups: Thai and Burmese. Each population in turn is divided into susceptible, infected, recovered and in case of vivax 

infection, a dormant subclass. The model is then modified to allow for some of the Burmese (given as a fraction P) to be 

infectious when they enter into Thailand. The behaviour of the modified model is obtained using a standard dynamical 

analysis. A new basic reproduction number is obtained. Numerical simulations of the modified model show that when P ≠ 0 

and the same set of parameter values used in the initial model are used, the Thai population will be in the epidemic state. In 

other words, the repeated introduction of infectious Burmese (no matter how small of a number) will result in a malaria 

epidemic among the Thais irregardless of the public health practice undertaken by the Thai government. In the presence of 

the infected Burmese, the Thai government would have to increase the facilitites to treat the people who are infected by the 

malaria. © 2010 World Scientific Publishing Company. 

No.1033 

Author (s) : Pongtanakul, B.; Narkbunnam, N.; Mahasandana, C. 

Title : Epitope mapping of factor VIII inhibitor antibodies in Thai hemophilia patients with inhibitors 

Source : HAEMOPHILIA, Volume: 16, Supplement: 4, Pages: 87-87, Published: JUL 2010 




No.1034 

Author (s) : Pongtanakul, B.; Sangruchi, T.; Nunta-Aree, S.; Chawalparit, O.; Suntornpong, N.; Veerakul, G. 

Title : OUTCOME OF CHILDHOOD MEDULLOBLASTOMA IN THAILAND 





No.1035 

Author (s) : Pongtippatee, P., Luppanakane, R., Thaweethamsewee, P., Kirirat, P., Weerachatyanukul, W., Withyachumnarnkul, B. 

Title : Delay of the egg activation process in the Black Tiger Shrimp Penaeus monodon by manipulation of magnesium levels in 

spawning water 

Source : Aquaculture Research, Volume 41, Issue 2, January 2010, Pages 227-232 


Keywords : Cortical rod; Egg activation; Magnesium effects; Penaeus monodon; Polyploidy 

Abstract : The aim of this study was to determine whether magnesium (Mg2+) in seawater is required for egg activation of the black tiger 

shrimp Penaeus monodon and whether manipulation of Mg2+ levels can be used to delay the process and thereby 

synchronize egg activation. Female P. monodon broodstock were allowed to spawn in artificial seawater containing Mg2+ at 

varying levels with respect to the normal (100%) level: 100%, 50%, 20% and 0%. Egg activation occurred normally at 100% 

Mg2+, incompletely at 50% and 20% Mg2+ levels and did not occur at all with 0% Mg2+. The fertilization rate with 100% 

Mg2+ was observed to be 83%, but fertilization failed to take place in all the other groups. The fertilization rate was restored 

from 0% to 76% following the 20% Mg2+ level treatment when Mg2+ levels returned to normal (100%) as soon as spawning 

was completed. This study suggests that the level of Mg2+ in seawater plays a vital role in P. monodon egg activation, and 

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that commencement of this process could be delayed by manipulation of the Mg2+ level during and immediately after 

spawning. © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 

No.1036 

Author (s) : Ponkham, P., Daduang, S., Kitimasak, W., Krittanai, C., Chokchaichamnankit, D., Srisomsap, C., Svasti, J., Kawamura, S., Araki, T., 

Thammasirirak, S. 

Title : Complete amino acid sequence of three reptile lysozymes 

Source : Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - C Toxicology and Pharmacology, Volume 151, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 75-83 


Keywords : Amino acid sequence; Amino acid substitution; Amyda cartilaginea; C-type lysozyme; Complete amino acid 

sequence; Peptide mapping; Reptile lysozyme; Soft-shelled turtle lysozyme 

Abstract : To study the structure and function of reptile lysozymes, we have reported their purification, and in this study we have 

established the amino acid sequence of three egg white lysozymes in soft-shelled turtle eggs (SSTL A and SSTL B from 

Trionyx sinensis, ASTL from Amyda cartilaginea) by using the rapid peptide mapping method. The established amino acid 

sequence of SSTL A, SSTL B, and ASTL showed substitutions of 43, 42, and 44 residues respectively when compared with the 

HEWL (hen egg white lysozyme) sequence. In these reptile lysozymes, SSTL A had one substitution compared with SSTL B 

(Gly126Asp) and had an N-terminal extra Gly and 11 substitutions compared with ASTL. SSTL B had an N-terminal extra Gly 

and 10 residues different from ASTL. The sequence of SSTL B was identical to soft-shelled turtle lysozyme from STL (Trionyx 

sinensis japonicus). The Ile residue at position 93 of ASTL is the first report in all C-type lysozymes. Furthermore, amino acid 

substitutions (Phe34His, Arg45Tyr, Thr47Arg, and Arg114Tyr) were also found at subsites E and F when compared with HEWL. 

The time course using N-acetylglucosamine pentamer as a substrate exhibited a reduction of the rate constant of glycosidic 

cleavage and increase of binding free energy for subsites E and F, which proved the contribution for amino acids mentioned 

above for substrate binding at subsites E and F. Interestingly, the variable binding free energy values occurred on ASTL, may 

be contributed from substitutions at outside of subsites E and F. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 

No.1037 

Author (s) : Ponla, S., Auethavekiat, S., Phongsuphap, S. 

Title : Frame reconstruction by double motion estimation of affine parameters 

Source : ISCIT 2010 - 2010 10th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, 2010, Article number 

5665136, Pages 1007-1012 


Keywords : 

Abstract : In video frame rate conversion, unavailable frames are reconstructed from existing frames based on interpolated motion 

vectors. Due to an error in estimating motion vectors and an occlusion effect, it is possible that intensity information is not 

provided to every pixel in the reconstructed frame. Pixels whose intensity is missing become holes in the reconstructed 

frame. This paper proposes the reconstruction without distinct holes by double motion vector estimation. Motion is described 

by affine model instead of the conventional 2D translation model. The proposed method applies block based motion 

estimation. It is divided into 2 stages: frame reconstruction and hole filling. In the reconstruction stage, a new frame is 

reconstructed by moving blocks in previous frames according to their interpolated motion vectors. Holes in the newly 

reconstructed frame are then filled with the corresponding pixels in the subsequent frame. The proposed method searches 

for the corresponding pixels by looking for the region in the subsequent frames that are similar to the surrounding region of 

each hole. The computation cost in the proposed method is low because the motion estimation is simple and applied only 

twice. It does not use any complex processes to fill holes. Experiments on three standard video sequences showed that our 

proposed method reconstructed frames in complex video sequence without noticeable holes. ©2010 IEEE. 

No.1038 

Author (s) : Ponpuak, M., Davis, A.S., Roberts, E.A., Delgado, M.A., Dinkins, C., Zhao, Z., Virgin, H.W., Kyei, G.B., Johansen, T., Vergne, I., 

Deretic, V. 

Title : Delivery of Cytosolic Components by Autophagic Adaptor Protein p62 Endows Autophagosomes with Unique Antimicrobial 

Properties 

Source : Immunity, Volume 32, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 329-341 


379


Keywords : MOLIMMUNO 

Abstract : Autophagy allows cells to self-digest portions of their own cytoplasm for a multitude of physiological purposes, including 

innate and adaptive immunity functions. In one of its innate immunity manifestations, autophagy, is known to contribute to 

the killing of intracellular microbes, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, although the molecular mechanisms have been 

unclear. Here, we delineated sequential steps of the autophagic pathway necessary to control intracellular M. tuberculosis 

and found that in addition to autophagy initiation and maturation, an accessory autophagy-targeting molecule p62 (A170 or 

SQSTM1) was required for mycobactericidal activity. The p62 adaptor protein delivered specific ribosomal and bulk 

ubiquitinated cytosolic proteins to autolysosomes where they were proteolytically converted into products capable of killing 

M. tuberculosis. Thus, p62 brings cytosolic proteins to autolysosomes where they are processed from innocuous precursors 

into neo-antimicrobial peptides, explaining in part the unique bactericidal properties of autophagic organelles. © 2010 Elsevier 

Inc. 

No.1039 

Author (s) : Poomsawat, S., Buajeeb, W., Khovidhunkit, S., Punyasingh, J. 

Title : Alteration in the expression of cdk4 and cdk6 proteins in oral cancer and premalignant lesions 

Source : Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Volume 39, Issue 10, November 2010, Pages 793-799 


Keywords : Cdk4; Cdk6; Dysplasia; Oral cancer; Oral leukoplakia 

Abstract : Background: Cdk4 and cdk6, key players in G1 phase, have been shown to play an important role in the development of oral 

squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study investigated the expression of these two proteins in OSCC and premalignant 

lesions including oral leukoplakia (OL) with and without dysplasia and determined if alterations in the expression of these two 

proteins could be used as markers of malignant transformation.Methods: Expressions of cdk4 and cdk6 were evaluated in 61 

samples including OSCC, OL with and without dysplasia and normal oral mucosa using immunohistochemistry method. 

Nuclear staining of the keratinocytes was considered positive and the percentage of positive cells was calculated.Results: 

Expression of cdk4 was found in 11/15 (73.33%) OSCC, 13/14 (92.85%) OL with dysplasia, 13/20 (65%) OL without dysplasia 

and 3/12 (25%) normal mucosa. Expression of cdk6 was detected in 9/15 (60%) OSCC, 3/14 (21.43%) OL with dysplasia, 5/20 

(25%) OL without dysplasia and 1/12 (8.33%) normal mucosa. In cdk4 stained specimens, the frequency of positive cases and 

the percentage of positive cells in normal mucosa was significantly lower than OL with dysplasia and OSCC. For cdk6 staining, 

the prevalence of positive cases and the percentage of positive cells in normal mucosa were significantly lower than 

OSCC.Conclusions: Overexpressions of cdk4 and cdk6 were observed in OSCC, indicating that these two proteins play a crucial 

role in OSCC. The aberrant expression of cdk4 was found in OL with dysplasia, suggesting that cdk4 may be involved in the 

early event of carcinogenesis. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. 

No.1040 

Author (s) : Poomthavorn, P., Isaradisaikul, B., Chuansumrit, A., Khlairit, P., Sriphrapradang, A., Mahachoklertwattana, P. 

Title : High prevalence of "biochemical" adrenal insufficiency in thalassemics: Is it a matter of different testings or decreased cortisol 

binding globulin? 

Source : Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Volume 95, Issue 10, October 2010, Pages 4609-4615 


Keywords : alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, corticotropin, gamma glutamyltransferase, globulin, hydrocortisone, 

hydrocortisone binding globulin, insulin, tetracosactide, unclassified drug; adolescent, adrenal function, adrenal 

insufficiency, article, beta thalassemia, blood sampling, blood transfusion, calculated free cortisol, clinical 

assessment, controlled study, cross-sectional study, disease marker, endocrine function test, female, free cortisol 

index, human, insulin tolerance test, major clinical study, male, prevalence, priority journal, protein blood level, screening 

test, Thailand, thalassemia, thalassemia major; Adolescent, Adrenal Insufficiency, Biological Markers, Carrier 

Proteins, Child, Child, Preschool, Cosyntropin, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diagnosis, Differential, Down-Regulation, Humans, 

Hydrocortisone, Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests, Prevalence, Thalassemia 

Abstract : Context: High prevalence of "biochemical" adrenal insufficiency (AI) in thalassemics has been reported. However, "clinical" AI is 

rare. Aim: The aim was to determine whether cortisol binding globulin (CBG) or tests used in assessing adrenal function 

contributed to the abnormally high prevalence of biochemical AI. Setting: The study was conducted at Ramathibodi Hospital, 

Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. Participants: Participants included 56 children and adolescents with thalassemia and 44 

controls. Main Outcome Measures: Serum CBG and adrenal function test results assessed by 1 μg cosyntropin test and insulin 

380


tolerance test (ITT) were measured. Free cortisol index (FCI) calculated by total cortisol (TC)/CBG and calculated free cortisol 

(cFC) were determined. Results: Mean (SD) CBG levels were comparable between patients and controls [45.2 (11.0) vs. 47.0 

(8.6) mg/liter]. Peak TC, FCI, and cFC after cosyntropin test were lower in thalassemics [TC, 15.2 (4.0) vs. 18.9 (3.1) μg/dl; FCI, 

3.4 (0.8) vs. 4.2 (1.2) μg/mg, P


Title : Human face recognition by Euclidean distance and neural network 

Source : Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, Volume 7546, 2010, Article number 754603 


Keywords : Euclidean distance; Face extraction; Face recognition; Neural network 

Abstract : The idea of this project development is to improve the concept of human face recognition that has been studied in order to 

apply it for a more precise and effective recognition of human faces, and offered an alternative to agencies with respect to 

their access-departure control system. To accomplish this, a technique of calculation of distances between face features, 

including efficient face recognition though a neural network, is used. The system uses a technique of image processing 

consisting of 3 major processes: 1) preprocessing or preparation of images, 2) feature extraction from images of eyes, ears, 

nose and mouth, used for a calculation of Euclidean distances between each organ; and 3) face recognition using a neural 

network method. Based on the experimental results from reading image of a total of 200 images from 100 human faces, the 

system can correctly recognize 96 % with average access time of 3.304 sec per image. © 2010 Copyright SPIE - The 

International Society for Optical Engineering. 

No.1045 

Author (s) : Pornpanomchai, C., Jurangboon, K., Jantarasee, K. 

Title : Instant coffee classification by electronic noses 




Keywords : Coffee identification; Electronic noses; Neural network 

Abstract : Normally, an electronic nose project uses two researches areas which are hardware for developing sensors to detect 

substance smell and software using pattern matching theorem for recognizing substance. For this research, the operation 

begins with sensors hit the coffee smell. The result is converted from analog to digital representation. An artificial intelligence 

is a tool of a thinking system which can create knowledge as if a human does. The objective of this research is to classify 

instant coffee by using electronic noses. We used eight types of coffee in Thailand market for this project which are 1) 

Moccona-select, 2) Moccona-royal gold, 3) Nescafe redcup, 4) Nescafe gold, 5) Khao Shong brown, 6) Khao Shong red, 7) 

Oem-Big C and 8) Superclass. We compared four structures of neural network to classify the coffee data. The precision of 

correctness is equal to 65.63 for a neural network structure as 7 input-layer nodes, 14 hidden-layerl nodes, 48 hidden-layer2 

nodes and 8 output-layer nodes. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.1046 

Author (s) : Pornpanomchai, C., Panyasrivarom, P., Pisitviroj, N., Prutkraiwat, P. 

Title : Thai handwritten character recognition by Euclidean distance 

Source : Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, Volume 7546, 2010, Article number 75460A 


Keywords : Character recognition; Euclidean distance; Thai handwritten character 

Abstract : This research applied the Euclidean distance technique to generate a system of Thai handwritten character recognition. The 

system consists of four main components which include: 1) Image Acquisition, 2) Image Pre-processing, 3) Recognition, and 4) 

Display Result. All training and testing handwritten characters in this research used all Thai native people to write them for 

avoiding invalid shape of Thai character. The character images fed to the training part totaling 3,513 characters. Out of 878 

Thai handwritten characters tested, it was found that the system could recognize (accept) 716 characters or 81.55%, while 

rejecting 61 characters or 6.95% and misrecognizing 101 characters or 11.50%. We tested the system with 50 Japanese 

handwritten characters and 25 invalid Thai handwritten character shape, it was found that the system could reject 47 

characters or 62.67% while misrecognizing 28 characters or 37.33%. © 2010 Copyright SPIE - The International Society for 

Optical Engineering. 

No.1047 

Author (s) : Pornpanomchai, C., Phaisitkulwiwat, A. 

Title : Fingerprint recognition by euclidean distance 

Source : 2nd International Conference on Computer and Network Technology, ICCNT 2010, 2010, Article number 5474459, Pages 437- 

441 

382



Keywords : Euclidean distance; Fingerprint recognition 

Abstract : This research proposed the fingerprint recognition by euclidean distance method. the system uses a technique of image 

processing, which consists of 3 major components, which are: 1) preprocessing component, the module that reduces the 

noise of the original images and adjusts the sharpness of the lined pattern that is the components of the fingerprint, 2) 

feature extraction component, the module that defines the position of the core point used as a reference point and finds out 

the position of the bifurcation points, and 3) fingerprint recognition component, the module to compare the shape context of 

training and testing data sets. based on the experimental results, the system has acceptable accuracy with average access 

time of around 19.68 seconds per image. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.1048 

Author (s) : Pornpanomchai, C., Sakunreraratsame, P., Wongsasirinart, R., Youngtavichavhart, N. 

Title : Herb flower recognition system (HFRS) 

Source : ICEIE 2010 - 2010 International Conference on Electronics and Information Engineering, Proceedings, Volume 1, 2010, Article 

number 5559906, Pages V1123-V1127 


Keywords : Flower features extraction; Herb flower recognition; Minimum distance method 

Abstract : The objective of this research is to build an automatic method for recognizing a Thai herb flower based on the Minimum 

Distance Method. The herb flower images, acquired from a digital camera, are taken in the real environment. We use the 

characteristics of herb flowers to design our classification algorithms, which consist of the average red, green and blue (RGB) 

colors, the herb flower size and the edge of petals feature. The experiments are conducted on more than 380 pictures from 

16 species of herb flowers. The training data set is around 220 pictures. We test the system by using 110 pictures for a training 

data set and 50 pictures for an un-training data set. The precision rates of the recognition system are 98.18 percent and 94 

percent, respectively. The average access time is 0.87 seconds per image. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.1049 

Author (s) : Pornpanomchai, C., Wiranurak, B., Weerawut, W., Kawrungruang, L. 

Title : Operation of a radio-controlled car using face images 




Keywords : Face commands; Face image; Radio-controlled car (RC car) 

Abstract : The objective of this research is to operate a radio-controlled car (RC car) by using facial images. The research was conducted 

by taking a face image by a webcam and sending the image to a computer machine, and then the computer converted the 

face image into digital signal. After that, the digital signal was converted into a radio wave command. Finally, an RC car 

operated based on the radio wave commands. The experiment was conducted on the RC car with nine facial commands, 

which were: 1) Stop, 2) Forward, 3) Reverse, 4) Turn Left, 5) Turn Right, 6) Forward & Turn Left, 7) Reverse & Turn Left, 8) 

Forward & Turn Right, and 9) Reverse & Turn Right. The experimental precisions are 84.11%, 10.33% and 5.56% for match, 

mismatch and reject, respectively in the sufficiently lighted environment and 39.11%, 18.00% and 42.89% for match, 

mismatch and reject, respectively in an insufficiently lighted environment. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.1050 

Author (s) : Pornpanomchai, C., Wongkorsub, J., Pornaudomdaj, T., Vessawasdi, P. 

Title : Buddhist Amulet Recognition System (BARS) 

Source : 2nd International Conference on Computer and Network Technology, ICCNT 2010, 2010, Article number 5474450, Pages 495- 

499 


Keywords : Buddhist Amulet Recognition; Image processing; Template matching 

Abstract : There are many kinds of Buddha amulets, which are difficult for people who want to recognize all of them. The objective of 

this research is to build the computer system that can recognize some Thai Buddhist amulets. Our system is called "Buddhist 

Amulet Recognition System or BARS". It consists of 4 main components; 1) image acquisition, 2) image preprocessing, 3) image 

recognition, and 4) display result. In image acquisition component, the Buddhist amulet picture is taken by a digital camera 

383


with a white paper for the picture background. In image preprocessing component, the Buddhist amulet image is enhanced 

for improving a recognition precision rate in the next stage. In recognition component, a template matching technique is 

applied to recognize the Buddhist amulet image. In display result component, a graphic user interface (GUI) is created for 

displaying the recognition results. We have collected 52 kinds of Buddhist amulets with the total of 318 images for the 

training data set. We determine correlation value equal to 500 and this program precision equal to 80 percent and take 0.76 

milliseconds per image. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.1051 

Author (s) : Pornratanarangsi, S., Boonlert, S., Duangprateep, A., Wiratpintu, P., Waree, W., Tresukosol, D., Panchavinnin, P. 

Title : The effectiveness of "Siriraj Leg Lock" brace on back pain after percutaneous coronary intervention: PCI. 



Keywords : adult, aged, angiocardiography, article, backache, bed rest, brace, clinical trial, controlled clinical trial, controlled 

study, female, hematoma, human, male, middle aged, nursing, pain assessment, patient satisfaction, postoperative 

care, randomized controlled trial, transluminal coronary angioplasty, treatment outcome; Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and 

over, Angioplasty, Transluminal, Percutaneous Coronary, Back Pain, Bed Rest, Braces, Coronary 

Angiography, Female, Hematoma, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pain Measurement, Patient Satisfaction, Postoperative 

Care, Treatment Outcome 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: The most common problem experienced by patients after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) is back 

pain. After the procedure, patients are restricted to complete bed rest with no hip flexion for up to 10 hours, causing much 

discomfort, especially back pain. In some patients, anxiety arises due to limited movement, with the belief that movement 

might cause re-bleeding from the wound. To alleviate these problems, the "Siriraj Leg Lock" brace or SLL was initiated to 

confine the hip while allowing patients to freely move other parts of their body without complicating the wound. Hence, 

anxiety is relieved and mobility can lower the chance of getting back pain with more comfort. OBJECTIVE: The aims of this 

experimental study were to investigate the effect and satisfaction of SLL on back pain in post-PCI patients, and to compare 

bleeding and/or hematoma occurrences at the site of incision between experimental and control groups. MATERIAL AND 

METHOD: The randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted in 100 patients who underwent coronary angioplasty and/or 

stent placement interventions and received post procedural care at the intermediate cardiac care ward, Her Majesty Cardiac 

Center from December 2006 to February 2007. The control group (49 patients) was to get standard care after the intervention, 

whereas the experimental group (51 patients) was fitted with the SLL device to allow free mobility right after the procedure. 

RESULTS: Lower maximum back pain scores and mean back pain scores in the experimental group than in the control group, 

with statistical significance (p < 0.001). Back pain score reduced from the day of admission in the experimental group after 

applying SLL, but increased in the control group. The occurrence of hematoma in both groups was not significantly different 

(p = 0.114). The experimental group with the SLL could freely change positions from upright to decubitus without any effects 

to the wound, feeling more comfortable and experiencing less back pain. Patients' satisfaction towards the SLL from 1 to 5 

scale was 4.3. The satisfaction was evident especially in patients who had previous PCI experience, and desired to ask for SLL 

application if a future procedure to be needed. CONCLUSION: Using SLL after sheath removal post PCI allows the patient to 

freely change position without any effects to the wound and reduces back pain with more patients' satisfaction. 

No.1052 

Author (s) : Porntadavity, S., Permpongpaiboon, T., Sukketsiri, W. 

Title : Human paraoxonase 2 



Keywords : Antioxidant; Atherosclerosis; Oxidative stress; Paraoxonase 2 

Abstract : Human paraoxonase 2 (PON2), which is a member of the paraoxonase family, possesses unique properties that distinguish it 

from PON1 and PON3. PON2 is ubiquitously expressed in many different tissue types and is highly expressed in the vital 

organs, such as the heart and lungs. Early research revealed that PON2 is exclusively intracellularly found, wherein it functions 

as an anti-oxidative protein by reducing intracellular and local oxidative stress. Studies in the last five years have 

demonstrated that PON2 protects against atherosclerosis by preventing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation, reversing the 

oxidation of mildly oxidised LDL, inhibiting monocyte chemotaxis, and increasing cholesterol efflux. Recently, emerging 

evidence has proposed that PON2 is an anti-atherosclerotic and may be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). The 

384


number of investigations concerning the relationship between two common PON2 polymorphisms and CVD among different 

ethnic groups and regions is rapidly growing. Here, we briefly review the developments in PON2 research by focusing on past 

and recent findings. 

No.1053 

Author (s) : Pothavorn, P., Kitdamrongsont, K., Swangpol, S., Wongniam, S., Atawongsa, K., Savasti, J., Somana, J. 

Title : Sap phytochemical compositions of some bananas in Thailand 

Source : Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Volume 58, Issue 15, 11 August 2010, Pages 8782-8787 


Keywords : Banana sap; flavonoids; LC-ESI-MS; Musa; polyphenols 

Abstract : Banana sap has some special properties relating to various phenomena such as browning of fruits after harvesting, permanent 

staining of cloth and fibers, and antioxidant and antibleeding properties. Analysis of banana sap using high-performance liquid 

chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS) indicated the presence of phenolic and aromatic 

amino compounds of interest due to their special properties. With the online positive electrospray ionization mode (ESI), the 

possible structures of specific compounds were determined from the fragmentation patterns of each particular ion appearing 

in the mass spectra. The major compounds revealed from the sap of banana accessions, namely, Musa balbisiana, Musa 

laterita, Musa ornata, and Musa acuminata, and some cultivars were apigenin glycosides, myricetin glycoside, myricetin-3-Orutinoside, 

naringenin glycosides, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, dopamine, and N-acetylserotonin. The 

results indicated that there was a variety of phenolic and aromatic amino contents in many banana species. These 

compounds were reported to relate with biological activities. Moreover, the identities of these phytochemical compositions 

may be used as markers for banana diet, the assessment of physiochemical status, or the classification of banana clones. © 

2010 American Chemical Society. 

No.1054 

Author (s) : Pothikasikorn, J., Boonplueang, R., Suebsaeng, C., Khaengraeng, R., Chareonviriyaphap, T. 

Title : Feeding response of Aedes aegypti and Anopheles dirus (Diptera: Culicidae) using out-of-date human blood in a membrane 

feeding apparatus 

Source : Journal of Vector Ecology, Volume 35, Issue 1, June 2010, Pages 149-155 


Keywords : Aedes aegypti; Anopheles dirus; Artificial feeding; Colonization; Out-of-date blood; Thailand 

Abstract : The colonization of Aedes aegypti and Anopheles dirus was performed using out-of-date human blood from a blood bank as 

a nutritional supply dispensed from a common artificial feeder. Preserved human blood was collected and used for feeding 

on days 5, 15, and 25 after date of expiration and dispensed from a common artificial feeder to rear the mosquitoes. Ae. 

aegypti had a feeding rate of 78.7, 62, and 18% at the respective intervals while An. dirus had a rate of 80, 56.8, and 7.3% on 

the same respective days. Direct feeding on live hamsters resulted in a rate of 96 and 90% for Ae. aegypti and An. dirus, 

respectively. Although egg production rates decreased from the day 5 feeding to the day 25 feeding, all of the 

developmental stages resulting from An. dirus fed at day 5 and 15 showed insignificant differences when compared with 

direct feeding on the blood of a hamster. 

No.1055 

Author (s) : Pothitirat, W., Chomnawang, M.T., Gritsanapan, W. 

Title : Anti-acne-inducing bacterial activity of mangosteen fruit rind extracts 

Source : Medical Principles and Practice, Volume 19, Issue 4, May 2010, Pages 281-286 


Keywords : Acne vulgaris; Antiacne; Mangosteen; Mangostin; Propionibacterium acnes; Staphylococcus epidermidis 

Abstract : Objective: The aims of this study were to determine the most effective solvent extract of mangosteen, anti-acne- inducing 

bacterial activity and the amount of α-mangostin, a major active component in each mangosteen fruit rind extract, using 

high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Materials and Methods: The fruit rinds of mangosteen were extracted with 

hexane, dichloromethane, ethanol and water. The extracts were tested for antibacterial activity against bacteria that induce 

acne, including Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Thin-layer chromatographic autobiography against 

these bacteria was also performed for each extract, while the α-mangostin content was analyzed using a validated HPLC 

method. Results: The dichloromethane extract exhibited the strongest antibacterial effect with minimum inhibitory 

385


concentration values for both bacterial species at 3.91 μg/ml, while the minimum bactericidal concentration values against P. 

acnes and S. epidermidis were 3.91 and 15.63 μg/ml, respectively. Thin-layer chromatographic autobiography indicated that 

α-mangostin was present in all extracts, except the water extract, and is a major active component against both P. acnes and 

S. epidermidis. Using HPLC, the dichloromethane extract yielded the highest content (46.21% w/w) of α-mangostin followed 

by the ethanol extract (18.03% w/w), the hexane extract (17.21% w/w) and the water extract (0.54% w/w). Conclusions: 

Dichloromethane extract exhibited the strongest anti-acne-inducing bacterial effect and this extract yielded the highest 

amount of α-mangostin. © 2010 S. Karger AG. 

No.1056 

Author (s) : Pothitirat, W., Chomnawang, M.T., Supabphol, R., Gritsanapan, W. 

Title : Free radical scavenging and anti-acne activities of mangosteen fruit rind extracts prepared by different extraction methods 

Source : Pharmaceutical Biology, Volume 48, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 182-186 


Keywords : Acne vulgaris; Anti-acne; Free radical scavenging activity; Garcinia mangostana; Mangostin; Tannin 

Abstract : The ethanol extracts of mangosteen fruit rinds prepared by several extraction methods were examined for their contents of 

bioactive compounds, DPPH-scavenging activity, and anti-acne producing bacteria against Propionibacterium acnes and 

Staphylococcus epidermidis. The dried powder of the fruit rind was extracted with 95% ethanol by maceration, percolation, 

Soxhlet extraction, ultrasonic extraction, and extraction using a magnetic stirrer. Soxhlet extraction promoted the maximum 

contents of crude extract (26.60% dry weight) and α-mangostin (13.51%, w/w of crude extract), and also gave the highest 

anti-acne activity with MIC 7.81 and 15.63μg/mL and MBC 15.53 and 31.25μg/mL against P. acnes and S. epidermidis, 

respectively. Ethanol 70% and 50% (v/v) were also compared in Soxhlet extraction. Ethanol 50% promoted the extract with 

maximum amounts of total phenolic compounds (26.96g gallic acid equivalents/100g extract) and total tannins (46.83g tannic 

acid equivalents/100g extract), and also exhibited the most effective DPPH-scavenging activity (EC50 12.84μg/mL). Considering 

various factors involved in the process, Soxhlet extraction carried a low cost in terms of reagents and extraction time. It 

appears to be the recommended extraction method for mangosteen fruit rind. Ethanol 50% should be the appropriate 

solvent for extracting free radical-scavenging components, phenolic compounds, and tannins, while 95% ethanol is 

recommended for extraction of α-mangostin, a major anti-acne component from this plant. © 2010 Informa UK Ltd. 

No.1057 

Author (s) : Pothitirat, W.; Gritsanapan, W. 

Title : Assessment of the phenolic content and free radical scavenging capacity of extracts obtained from the pericarp of Garcinia 

mangostana L. 





No.1058 

Author (s) : Pothitirat, W.; Pluemlamai, J.; Satniyom, S.; Leelamanitaya, W.; Gritsanapan, W. 

Title : Development of whitening skin lotion from selected medicinal plants and its antityrosinase activity 





No.1059 

Author (s) : Poungpair, O., Pootong, A., Maneewatch, S., Srimanote, P., Tongtawe, P., Songserm, T., Tapchaisri, P., Chaicumpa, W. 

Title : A human single chain transbody specific to matrix protein (M1) interferes with the replication of influenza a virus 

Source : Bioconjugate Chemistry, Volume 21, Issue 7, 21 July 2010, Pages 1134-1141 


Keywords : amino acid, antivirus agent, bacterial vector, DNA, hybrid protein, matrix protein, penetratin, penetratin single chain fragment 

variable antibody, single chain fragment variable antibody, unclassified drug; animal cell, antigen binding, article, cell 

386


membrane, cell strain, confocal microscopy, controlled study, cytotoxicity, DNA template, Drosophila, gene 

sequence, immunofluorescence, influenza, Influenza virus A, life cycle, mammal cell, nonhuman, nucleotide 

sequence, phagemid, polymerase chain reaction, protein domain, virus replication; Antibody Specificity, Carrier Proteins, Cell 

Line, Humans, Influenza A virus, Single-Chain Antibodies, Viral Matrix Proteins, Virus Replication; Animalia, Influenza A 

virus, Mammalia, Orthomyxoviridae 

Abstract : A cell penetrating format of human single chain antibody (HuScFv) specific to matrix protein (M1) of influenza A virus was 

produced by molecular linking of the gene sequence encoding the HuScFv (huscfv) to a protein transduction domain, i.e., 

penetratin (PEN) of the Drosophila homeodomain. DNA of a recombinant phagemid vector carrying the huscfv was used as a 

platform template in a three-step PCR for generating a nucleotide sequence encoding a 16 amino acid PEN peptide. The PEN- 

HuScFv had negligible cytotoxicity on living MDCK cells. They were readily translocated across the cell membrane and bound 

to native M1 in the A/H5N1-infected cells as revealed by immunofluorescent confocal microscopy. The PEN-HuScFv, when 

used to treat the influenza virus infected cells, reduced the number of viruses released from the cells. In conclusion, the cell 

penetrating M1-specific HuScFv, a transbody, produced in this study affected the influenza A virus life cycle in living 

mammalian cells. While the molecular mechanisms of the PEN-HuScFv need more investigation, the reagent warrants further 

testing in animals before developing it into a human immunotherapeutic anti-influenza formula. © 2010 American Chemical 

Society. 

No.1060 

Author (s) : Pourrut, X., Nkoghé, D., Souris, M., Paupy, C., Paweska, J., Padilla, C., Moussavou, G., Leroy, E.M. 

Title : Rift valley fever virus seroprevalence in human rural populations of Gabon 

Source : PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Volume 4, Issue 7, July 2010, Article number e763 


Keywords : immunoglobulin G, virus antibody; adolescent, adult, aged, agricultural worker, article, blood sampling, controlled 

study, demography, ecosystem, female, forest, Gabon, human, lake, major clinical study, male, mosquito, Rift Valley fever 

bunyavirus, risk factor, rural population, savanna, seroprevalence, virus 

isolation, animal, blood, epidemiology, immunology, middle aged, Rift Valley fever; Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and 

over, Animals, Antibodies, Viral, Female, Gabon, Humans, Immunoglobulin G, Male, Middle Aged, Rift Valley Fever, Rift Valley 

fever virus, Rural Population, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Young Adult 

Abstract : Background: Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a mosquito-borne viral zoonosis caused by a phlebovirus and transmitted by Aedes 

mosquitoes. Humans can also be infected through direct contact with blood (aerosols) or tissues (placenta, stillborn) of 

infected animals. Although severe clinical cases can be observed, infection with RVF virus (RVFV) in humans is, in most cases, 

asymptomatic or causes a febrile illness without serious symptoms. In small ruminants RVFV mainly causes abortion and 

neonatal death. The distribution of RVFV has been well documented in many African countries, particularly in the north 

(Egypt, Sudan), east (Kenya, Tanzania, Somalia), west (Senegal, Mauritania) and south (South Africa), but also in the Indian 

Ocean (Madagascar, Mayotte) and the Arabian Peninsula. In contrast, the prevalence of RVFV has rarely been investigated in 

central African countries. Methodology/Principal Findings: We therefore conducted a large serological survey of rural 

populations in Gabon, involving 4,323 individuals from 212 randomly selected villages (10.3% of all Gabonese villages). RVFVspecific 

IgG was found in a total of 145 individuals (3.3%) suggesting the wide circulation of Rift Valley fever virus in Gabon. 

The seroprevalence was significantly higher in the lakes region than in forest and savannas zones, with respective rates of 

8.3%, 2.9% and 2.2%. In the lakes region, RVFV-specific IgG was significantly more prevalent in males than in females 

(respectively 12.8% and 3.8%) and the seroprevalence increased gradually with age in males but not in females. 

Conclusions/Significance: Although RVFV was suggested to circulate at a relatively high level in Gabon, no outbreaks or even 

isolated cases have been documented in the country. The higher prevalence in the lakes region is likely to be driven by 

specific ecologic conditions favorable to certain mosquito vector species. Males may be more at risk of infection than females 

because they spend more time farming and hunting outside the villages, where they may be more exposed to mosquito bites 

and infected animals. Further investigations are needed to determine the putative sylvan cycle of RVFV, including the 

mosquito species and the reservoir role of wild animals in the viral maintenance cycle. © 2010 Pourrut et al. 

No.1061 

Author (s) : Prabhasawat, P., Leelaporn, A., Tesavibul, N., Uiprasertkul, M., Chirapapaisan, C. 

Title : Molecular identification by 16S rDNA sequencing using excised corneal tissues: A useful diagnostic tool for refractory keratitis 

Source : Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology, Volume 54, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 97-100 

387



Keywords : Cellulosimicrobium; Corneal ulcer; Infectious keratitis; Molecular identification; Stenotrophomonas 


No.1062 

Author (s) : Prachayasittikul, S., Pingaew, R., Worachartcheewan, A., Ruchirawat, S., Prachayasittikul, V. 

Title : A new sulfoxide analog of 1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophenylpyridine and antimicrobial activity 



Keywords : 4-phenylpyridine l-oxide; Antimicrobial activity; Sulfonium ion; Sulfoxide; Tetrahydropyridine 

Abstract : Bioactivities of thiotetrahydropyridines were previously described. Herein, a novel bioactive sulfoxide analog; N-acetyl-2-(1adamantylsulfoxo)-3-acetoxy-4-phenyl-6-hydroxy-1,2,3,6-tet 

rahydropyridine (3) from the deoxydative substitution of 4phenylpyridine 

1-oxide is reported. Its structure was elucidated using spectral data including 2D-NMR, MS, IR and UV. The 

sulfoxide 3 exhibited antibacterial activity against Moraxella catarrhalis and Streptococcus pyogenes with minimum inhibitory 

concentration of 128 and 256 μg/mL, respectively. 

No.1063 

Author (s) : Prachayasittikul, S., Saraban, P., Cherdtrakulkiat, R., Ruchirawat, S., Prachayasittikul, V. 

Title : New bioactive triterpenoids and antimalarial activity of Diospyros rubra Lec. 



Keywords : Antimalarial and cytotoxic activities; Antimicrobial; Diospyros rubra Lec.; Triterpenoids 

Abstract : The first investigation of the chemical constituents and bioactivities of Diospyros rubra Lec. is reported. D. rubra extracts were 

screened for antimicrobial, antimalarial and cytotoxic activities. They were only shown to be active antimalarials. The extracts 

with good antimalarial activity were isolated and extensively purified to give lupeol (1), lupenone (2), betulin (3), lupeol 

acetate (4), 28-O-acetylbetulin (5), β-sitosteryl-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6) and a mixture of β-sitosterol and stigmasterol. 

Some of the isolates were tested for antimicrobial and cytotoxic actions. Betulin (3) displayed antimicrobial activity against 

Streptococcus pyogenes with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 85 μg/mL. Interestingly, bioactive fractions all 

selectively exerted some antimicrobial activity against Corynebacterium diphtheriae NCTC 10356 with the MIC range of 64-256 

μg/mL. The study provides data to support the medicinal importance of the D. rubra. 

No.1064 

Author (s) : Prachayasittikul, S., Wongsawatkul, O., Suksrichavalit, T., Ruchirawat, S., Prachayasittikul, V. 

Title : Bioactivity evaluation of eclipta prostrata linn: A potential vasorelaxant 

Source : European Journal of Scientific Research, Volume 44, Issue 2, August 2010, Pages 167-176 


Keywords : Antimicrobials; Antioxidants; Cytotoxic effect; Eclipta prostrata Linn; Nitric oxide; Thoracic aorta; Vasorelaxation 

Abstract : Eclipta prostrata Linn (Compositae), a traditional medicine has been used for treatment of diverse symptoms e.g. 

hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis and skin diseases. This study, hexane extract of E. prostrata Linn was evaluated for 

bioactivities. The extract showed its new action as a potential vasorelaxant. Moreover, antioxidative (SOD and DPPH assays) 

and cytotoxic activities of the extract were also observed. Isolation of the extract provided a stigmasterol including eight 

fractions of triterpenoids along with long chain hydrocarbons. All the fractions exhibited antimicrobial activity with minimum 

inhibitory concentration (MIC) range of 64-256 μg/mL. The results imply therapeutic value of the plant species as an 

alternative medicinal source of potential vasorelaxants. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2010. 

No.1065 

Author (s) : Prachayasittikul, S., Wongsawatkul, O., Worachartcheewan, A., Nantasenamat, C., Ruchirawat, S., Prachayasittikul, V. 

Title : Elucidating the Structure-Activity relationships of the vasorelaxation and antioxidation properties of thionicotinic acid 

derivatives 

Source : Molecules, Volume 15, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 198-214 


Keywords : 1-adamantylthionicotinic acid and derivatives; Antioxidants; Molecular modeling; Nitric oxide; Prostacyclin; Vasorelaxants 

388


Abstract : Nicotinic acid, known as vitamin B3, is an effective lipid lowering drug and intense cutaneous vasodilator. This study reports 

the effect of 2-(1-adamantylthio)nicotinic acid (6) and its amide 7 and nitrile analog 8 on phenylephrine-induced contraction 

of rat thoracic aorta as well as antioxidative activity. It was found that the tested thionicotinic acid analogs 6-8 exerted 

maximal vasorelaxation in a dose-dependent manner, but their effects were less than acetylcholine (ACh)-induced nitric oxide 

(NO) vasorelaxation. The vasorelaxations were reduced, apparently, in both NG-nitro-L- arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and 

indomethacin (INDO). Synergistic effects were observed in the presence of L-NAME plus INDO, leading to loss of 

vasorelaxation of both the ACh and the tested nicotinic acids. Complete loss of the vasorelaxation was noted under removal 

of endothelial cells. This infers that the vasorelaxations are mediated partially by endothelium-induced NO and prostacyclin. 

The thionicotinic acid analogs all exhibited antioxidant properties in both 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 

superoxide dismutase (SOD) assays. Significantly, the thionicotinic acid 6 is the most potent vasorelaxant with ED50 of 21.3 nM 

and is the most potent antioxidant (as discerned from DPPH assay). Molecular modeling was also used to provide mechanistic 

insights into the vasorelaxant and antioxidative activities. The findings reveal that the thionicotinic acid analogs are a novel 

class of vasorelaxant and antioxidant compounds which have potential to be further developed as promising therapeutics. 

No.1066 

Author (s) : Prachayasittikul, S., Wongsawatkul, O., Worachartcheewan, A., Ruchirawat, S., Prachayasittikul, V. 

Title : Vasorelaxation and superoxide scavenging activities of orotic acid 

Source : International Journal of Pharmacology, Volume 6, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 375-380 


Keywords : Antioxidants; Indomethacin; L-NAME; Nitric oxide; Orotic acid; Prostacyclin; Vasorelaxants 

Abstract : The aim of study is to investigate effects of orotic acid (OA) on phenylephrine-induced contraction of rat thoracic aorta and its 

antioxidative activity. Results showed that the OA exhibited maximal vasorelaxation in dose-dependent manner with ED50 of 

3.1?×10-7 M, but the effect was less than those of acetylcholine (ACh)-induced nitric oxide (NO) vasorelaxation. Significant 

reductions of the vasorelaxations were found in the presence of either NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) or 

indomethacin (INDO). Synergistic effects were observed in the presence of L-NAME plus INDO that led to loss of 

vasorelaxation of both the ACh and the OA. In addition, complete loss of the vasorelaxation was manifested under removal 

of endothelial cells. This implies that the vasorelaxations are mediated by partially endothelium-induced NO and 

prostacyclin. The OA exhibited antioxidative activity in both DPPH and SOD assays. The significant results reveal novel actions 

of the OA as vasorelaxants and superoxide scavenger which are benefits as therapeutic uses and health supplements. © 2010 

Asian Network for Scientific Information. 

No.1067 

Author (s) : Prachopchok, P., Thanachayanont, C., Sriprapha, K., Heawchin, A., Kaewket, S., Vijitjanya, P., Sac-kung, C., Osotchan, T. 

Title : Effect of annealing on material properties of both electrodes in dye sensitized solar cell structure 



Keywords : Annealing; Dye sensitized solar cell; Transparent electrodes 

Abstract : In dye sensitized solar cell structure, the transparent electrodes of tin oxide doped fluorine (SnO2:F) was coated by titanium 

dioxide (TiO2) and platinum (Pt) for cathode and anode electrodes, respectively. In order to achieve high efficiency solar cell, 

both electrodes are required to have proper crystal structure size and morphology. These can be modified during the 

annealing process therefore the effects of electrode annealing on their crystal structure and surface modification were 

investigated in this study. Thick films of TiO2 and Pt were deposited by screen printing method on 3mm thick glass substrate 

(Nippon Sheet Glass) coated with 500nm thick SnO2:F. The glass substrate has sheet resistance of 20 ohm/square with the 

optical transmission of about 70%. The mixed TiO2 powder has the diameter of about 20 nm. The screen print structure was 

heated for drying in the oven at 150°C for 1 hour. Then the TiO2 thick films were annealed at various temperatures from 400 

to 550°C for 2 hours, while the Pt films were annealed at lower temperature from 300 to 500oC. The obtained thickness of 

TiO2 and Pt film after annealing become about 10 and 3 μm, respectively. The crystallinity of the films was examined by xray 

diffraction while the surface morphology of both films was determined by atom force microscopy. To investigate the 

relation between material structure and the performance of the solar cell, the annealed electrodes at different temperature 

were used to fabricate the dye sensitized solar cell structure with standard rutherium(II) (N719) dye and then the current 

voltage characteristic was measured under light with air mass of 1.5. It found that the structure with higher anneal 

389


temperature electrode exhibited higher power conversion efficiency originating from the higher short circuit current density of 

better crystallinity and higher surface area. © (2010) Trans Tech Publications. 

No.1068 

Author (s) : Pramong, R.; Wongchitrat, P.; Govitrapong, P.; Phansuwan-Pujito, P. 

Title : EXPRESSIONS OF PERIOD1 AND BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR IN THE HIPPOCAMPUS OF POSTNATAL RAT 





No.1069 

Author (s) : Pramyothin, P., Pithukpakorn, M., Arakaki, R.F. 

Title : A 47, XXY patient and Xq21.31 duplication with features of Prader-Willi syndrome: Results of array-based comparative 

genomic hybridization 

Source : Endocrine, Volume 37, Issue 3, June 2010, Pages 379-382 


Keywords : DNA microarrays; Klinefelter syndrome; Prader-Willi-like syndrome; Xq duplication 

Abstract : A man diagnosed with 47, XXY during childhood presents an appearance similar to that of Prader-Willi syndrome with 

hypogonadism and gynecomastia, developmental delay, and short stature and obesity. Array-based comparative genomic 

hybridization revealed duplication at Xq21.31 in addition to his abnormal karyotype. This duplication was also found in his 

mother who appeared normal. We raise the possibility that the phenotype in this patient is a combination of both extra X 

chromosome and Xq21 duplication. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. 

No.1070 

Author (s) : Prasansiang, C.; Sujjanant, J.; Anamnart, C.; Jitpratoom, P.; Siritho, S.; Prayoonwiwat, N. 

Title : Clinical features of multiple sclerosis in Thailand 





No.1071 

Author (s) : Prasitpong, S., Chitaree, R. 

Title : What Thai students think about directions and types of frictional forces 



Keywords : Alternative conceptions; Forces; The frictional force 

Abstract : The frictional force is one of the obstacles to learning in physics. By itself, this topic consists of complicated ideas. In this 

study, we have investigated Thai students' ideas about directions and types of frictional forces by using open-ended questions 

and interviews. For example, these students believed that the direction of the frictional force always opposes to that of the 

motion or that of the external force exerted to such object. Moreover, most students thought that the frictional forces are 

resistant forces involving the object movement. They did not realize that sometimes the frictional force causes the object to 

move; has the same direction of the motion as well. About the kinetic friction, most students thought that if an object 

moves, it will always have the kinetic friction at the contact areas. From what we have found, we suggest that important 

steps for improving students' understanding of frictional forces is to teach students to draw free body diagrams, which can 

help students to visualize all forces acting on a single object. © 2010 American Institute of Physics. 

No.1072 

Author (s) : Prasitpong, S., Chitaree, R., Rakkapao, S. 

Title : Studying the frictional force directions via bristles 

Source : Physics Education, Volume 45, Issue 6, November 2010, Pages 602-610 

390




Abstract : We present simple apparatus designed to help Thai high school students visualize the directions of frictional forces. Bristles of 

toothbrushes, paintbrushes and scrubbing brushes are used to demonstrate the frictional forces acting in a variety of 

situations. These demonstrations, when followed by discussion of free-body diagrams, were found to be effective in teaching 

frictional force directions. © 2010 IOP Publishing Ltd. 

No.1073 

Author (s) : Prasopkittikun, T., Tilokskulchai, F. 

Title : Self-efficacy in Infant Care Scale: Revision and further psychometric testing 

Source : Nursing and Health Sciences, Volume 12, Issue 4, December 2010, Pages 450-455 


Keywords : Infant care; Instrument development; Psychometric testing; Self-efficacy; Thailand 

Abstract : Maternal self-efficacy is an important factor in parenting behaviors and skills. In order to assess maternal self-efficacy in infant 

care, a solid measure is needed. The integrity of the assessment of self-efficacy in infant care depends upon whether or not 

an instrument possesses proper measurement properties. The purpose of this study was to revise the scale items and 

examine the further psychometric properties of the Self-efficacy in Infant Care Scale. Using a sample of 235 Thai mothers, the 

revised Scale, with 44 items, was found to have internal consistency and test-retest reliability values of 0.96 and 0.93, 

respectively. A confirmatory factor analysis supported the hypothesized structure. Also, the revised Scale was found to be 

correlated with a measure of a theoretically related construct; that is, the Parenting Stress Index/Short Form. The 

psychometric testing results suggest that the revised Scale can be used as an assessment tool for both research and clinical 

purposes. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd. 

No.1074 

Author (s) : Prathanturarug, S.; Thirawarapan, S.; Suvitayavat, W.; Soonthornchareonnon, N.; Piyachaturawat, P.; Saralamp, P. 

Title : Standardization and pharmacological activities of a Curcuma comosa traditional formula for menopausal women 





No.1075 

Author (s) : Prayoonwiwat, N. 

Title : Complementary Approaches to MS and Practical Management of MS in Asia: Southeast Asia 





No.1076 

Author (s) : Prayoonwiwat, N.; Nidhinandana, S.; Chankrachang, S.; Asawavichienjinda, T.; Tantirittisak, T.; Fredrikson, S.; Wicklein, E. M.; 

Scherer, P.; Langdon, D. 

Title : Psychosocial Aspects of Clinically Isolated Syndrome (CIS) in Asia: Baseline Data from the CogniCIS Study Asian Cohort 





No.1077 

Author (s) : Prayoonwiwat, N.; Siritho, S.; Chankrachang, S.; Nidhinandana, S.; Asawavichienjinda, T.; Tantirittisak, T.; Fredrikson, S.; Wicklein, 

E. M.; Langdon, D. 

391


Title : Cognitive function in patients with clinically isolated syndrome suggestive of multiple sclerosis in Thailand: 2-year data from 

CogniCIS, a worldwide longitudinal study 





No.1078 

Author (s) : Prayoonwiwat, N.; Tiamkao, S.; Asawavichienjinda, T.; Tantirittisak, T.; Chankrachang, S.; Tintore, M.; Hagstromer, M.; Wicklein, E. 

M.; Penner, I. K.; Sjostrom, M. 

Title : Assessment of Physical Activity and Fitness in Patients with Early Multiple Sclerosis from Southeast Asia: Baseline Data from 

the Betaferon (R) Treatment and Exercise Data Gathering IN Early MS (BEGIN) Study 





No.1079 

Author (s) : Preativatanyou, K., Sirisup, N., Payungporn, S., Poovorawan, Y., Thavara, U., Tawatsin, A., Sungpradit, S., Siriyasatien, P. 

Title : Mitochondrial DNA-based identification of some forensically important blowflies in Thailand 

Source : Forensic Science International, Volume 202, Issue 1-3, October 2010, Pages 97-101 


Keywords : Blowflies; Cytochrome oxidase; Mitochondrial DNA; PCR-RFLP; Phylogenetic analysis 

Abstract : Accurate identification of insects collected from death scenes provides not only specific developmental data assisting 

forensic entomologists to determine the postmortem interval more precisely but also other kinds of forensic evidence. 

However, morphological identification can be complicated due to the similarity among species, especially in the early larval 

stages. To simplify and make the species identification more practical and reliable, DNA-based identification is preferentially 

considered. In this study, we demonstrate the application of partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and 

cytochrome oxidase II (COII) sequences for differentiation of forensically important blowflies in Thailand; Chrysomya 

megacephala, Chrysomya rufifacies and Lucilia cuprina by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length 

polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The PCR yields a single 1324bp-sized amplicon in all blowfly specimens, followed by direct DNA 

sequencing. TaqαI and VspI predicted from the sequencing data provide different RFLP profiles among these three species. 

Sequence analysis reveals no significant intraspecific divergence in blowfly specimens captured from different geographical 

regions in Thailand. Accordingly, neighbor-joining tree using Kimura's 2-parameter model illustrates reciprocal monophyly 

between species. Thus, these approaches serve as promising tools for molecular identification of these three common 

forensically important blowfly species in Thailand. © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. 

No.1080 

Author (s) : Precharattana, M., Triampo, W., Modchang, C., Triampo, D., Lenbury, Y. 

Title : Investigation of spatial pattern formation involving CD4+ T cells in HIV/AIDS dynamics by a stochastic cellular automata 

model 



Keywords : Cellular automata simulation; Hiv; Leukapheresis; Monte carlo; Stochastic process 

Abstract : In recent years, discrete models have emerged to play an important role in the study of immune response especially in the 

problem involving human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, leading to AIDS. As infection of target immune cells by HIV 

mainly takes place in the lymphoid tissue, cellular automata (CA) models thus represent a significant step toward 

understanding how the infected population is dispersed. Motivated by these considerations, we introduce a stochastic CA 

model for HIV dynamics and explore the spatiotemporal pattern of infection. The model is successful in reproducing typical 

evolution of HIV which is observed in the dynamics of CD4+T cells and infected CD+T cells in infected patients. The 

geographical result on cell distributions illustrates how infected cells can be dispersed by spatial communities. We have 

found the pattern formation is based on the relationship among cell states, the set of local transition rules, the conditions 

392


and the parameters in the systems. The main finding is that the emergence of dead cells barriers greatly controls the pattern 

formation in our system, by limiting infections and the manner in which the infection dynamics is brought to the last phase 

after the barrier is destroyed. 

No.1081 

Author (s) : Precharattana, M., Triampo, W., Modchang, C., Triampo, D., Lenbury, Y. 

Title : Simulation of a stochastic cellular automata HIV/AIDS model for investigation of spatial pattern formation mediated by CD4+ 

T cells and HIV dynamics 



Keywords : Cellular automata; HIV; Leukapheresis; Monte Carlo simulation; Stochastic process 

Abstract : As infection of target immune cells by HIV mainly takes place in the lymphoid tissue, cellular automata (CA) models thus 

represent a significant step of understanding when the infected population is dispersed over the tissue. Motivated by these 

considerations, we have introduced a stochastic CA model for HIV dynamics and, particularly, explored its spatiotemporal 

pattern of infection. In good agreement, the model is successful to reproduce the typical evolution of HIV which is observed 

in the dynamics of CD4+T cells and infected CD+T cells in infected patients. The geographical result illustrates how infected 

cell distributions can be dispersed by spatial community. We have found that pattern formation is based on the relationship 

among cell states, the set of local transition rules, the conditions and the parameters in the system. The main finding is that 

the characteristics of dead cells barriers, which greatly control pattern formation in our system, take part in limiting the 

spread of infection, as well as in bringing the system dynamics toward the end phase of the time course of infection. 

No.1082 

Author (s) : Preechagoon, D., Sumyai, V., Chulavatnatol, S., Kulvanich, P., Tessiri, T., Tontisirin, K., Pongjanyakul, T., Uchaipichat, V., 

Aumpon, S., Wongvipaporn, C. 

Title : Formulation development of morphine sulfate sustained-release tablets and its bioequivalence study in healthy thai 

volunteers 

Source : AAPS PharmSciTech, Volume 11, Issue 3, September 2010, Pages 1449-1455 


Keywords : bioequivalence; formulation development; morphine sulfate; sustained-release tablet 

Abstract : The objectives of this study were to develop morphine sulfate sustained-release tablet formulations and to evaluate the 

bioequivalence compared with a commercial brand. The physicochemical properties of the formulated and commercial 

tablets were determined and compared. The bioequivalence investigation was carried out in 15 healthy male volunteers who 

received a single dose in a randomized two-way crossover design. After dosing, serial blood samples were collected for a 

period of 24 h. Morphine concentration was assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical 

detector. The log-transformed C max and AUCs were statistically compared by analysis of variance, and the 90% confidence 

intervals (CIs) of the ratio of the log-transformed C max and AUCs between the most promising developed formulation and 

the commercial product were determined. It was found that the dissolution rate profile of a developed formulation was 

similar to the commercial brand. Their similarity and difference factors were well within limits. In the bioequivalence study, 

the AUC last and AUCinf between the test and the reference products were not statistically different (p=0.227 and p=0.468, 

respectively), with the 90% CIs of 83.4-102.6% and 87.7-139.4%, respectively. However, the C max of the two formulations 

was significantly different (p=0.019). The 90% CI of the developed formulation was 72.0-93.0% compared to the commercial 

product. In vitro dissolution of locally prepared morphine sulfate sustained-release tablets was comparable to commercial 

brand. However, the results justified the conclusion of lack of bioequivalence of the developed product to the commercial 

one. © 2010 American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists. 

No.1083 

Author (s) : Preechapornkul, P., Chotivanich, K., Imwong, M., Dondorp, A.M., Lee, S.J., Day, N.P.J., White, N.J., Pukrittayakamee, S. 

Title : Optimizing the culture of plasmodium falciparum in hollow fiber bioreactors 



Keywords : Ex vivo culture; Hollow fiber bioreactor; Plasmodium falciparum 

393


Abstract : The hollow fiber bioreactor (HFBR) is a cell culturing system allowing continuous perfusion of medium. It was designed to 

grow microorganisms in a dynamically altering medium mimicking change in the in vivo intravascular and extravascular 

compartments. The cell compartment (extra capillary space) and medium compartment (intra capillary space) are connected 

through pores of semipermeable fiber membranes. These membranes allow exchange of gas and nutrients. We have adapted 

this system for the ex vivo culture of Plasmodium falciparum at high parasite densities. A Thai P. falciparum isolate (TM036) 

cultured in RPMI, supplemented with 0.5% Albumax II, could be maintained continuously in the system by daily changes of a 

small volumes of medium. Under optimized conditions the HFBR cultures attained 8% parasitemia in 40% hematocrit, 

thereby providing a total parasite biomass of 6.0x109 parasitized erythrocytes. The main problem encountered was clogging 

of micropores in the hollow fiber system by cellular debris over time. Although 'reverse flushing' partly prevented this, a 

larger pore size might be needed to overcome this problem. The system opens new possibilities for the study of in vitro drug 

sensitivity under conditions mimicking in vivo pharmacokinetics, and the selection of anti-malarial drug resistance and 

associated parasite biological and genomic changes. 

No.1084 

Author (s) : Preecharram, S., Jearranaiprepame, P., Daduang, S., Temsiripong, Y., Somdee, T., Fukamizo, T., Svasti, J., Araki, T., 

Thammasirirak, S. 

Title : Isolation and characterisation of crocosin, an antibacterial compound from crocodile (Crocodylus siamensis) plasma 

Source : Animal Science Journal, Volume 81, Issue 3, June 2010, Pages 393-401 


Keywords : Antibacterial compound; Crocodile; Crocodylus siamensis; Crocosin; Reptile 

Abstract : An antibacterial compound from crocodile blood was partially purified and functionally characterised. The freshwater 

crocodile (Crocodylus siamensis) plasma with antibacterial activity was partially purified by using a centrifugal concentrator 

and reverse phase high powered liquid chromatography, and designated as crocosin. Crocosin exhibits antibacterial activity 

toward Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus. Crocosin is thermostable and resistant to pronase digestion. The 

structure of crocosin analyzed by mass spectrometry contains repeating units of 94 and 136 m/z. Scanning electron 

microscopy indicates that crocosin probably penetrates progressively into cytoplasm space, perturbing and damaging bacterial 

membranes. Crocosin may provide an early defense mechanism toward bacterial infection in freshwater. © 2010 The Authors. 

Journal compilation © 2010 Japanese Society of Animal Science. 

No.1085 

Author (s) : Premasathian, N., Avihingsanon, Y., Ingsathit, A., Pongskul, C., Jittiganont, S., Sumethkul, V. 

Title : Risk factors and outcome of delayed graft function after cadaveric kidney transplantation: A report from the Thai transplant 

registry 



Keywords : creatinine, interleukin 2 receptor antibody, thymocyte antibody; brain death, cadaver kidney, cerebrovascular accident, cold 

ischemia, conference paper, controlled study, creatinine blood level, delayed graft function, dialysis, gender, graft 

survival, human, kidney failure, major clinical study, peritoneal dialysis, priority journal, resuscitation, risk 

factor, Thailand, treatment outcome 

Abstract : Introduction Kidney transplantation is the best treatment for end-stage renal disease patients. Delayed graft function (DGF) 

remains one of the major problems after cadaveric kidney transplantation. This study has reported the risk factors and 

outcomes of DGF using data from Thai Transplant Registry Database. Methods The data of all cadaveric kidney 

transplantations (CD-KT) were retrieved from the database. DGF was defined as a failure to decrease the serum creatinine 

within 72 hours or a requirement for dialysis within the first week after transplantation. We performed logistic regression 

analysis to correlate donor features (age, sex, cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR), brain death from a cerebrovascular 

accident (CVA), best and last serum creatinine) with recipient demographics (age, sex) and clinical outcomes cold ischemic 

time [CIT] and DGF. Results We analyzed 756 CD-KT including 320 (42%) patients experiencing DGF. Upon multivariate 

analysis, factors significantly correlated with DGF were CIT (P < .001), donor last serum creatinine (P < .001), interleukin 2 

monoclonal antibody induction (P = .004), donor age (P = .017), donor CVA (P = .012), and prior peritoneal dialysis (PD) (P = 

.012). There was no significant correlation between DGF and donor height, weight, sex, CPR, brain death from CVA, best serum 

creatinine, recipient age, or sex in multivariate analysis. Graft survivals at 1 and 5 years after transplantation were significantly 

lower among the DGF group namely, 91.0% vs. 95.2% and 78.7% vs. 86.0%, respectively (P = .006). Patient survival was also 

394


significantly lower 94.1% vs. 96.4% and 82.1% vs. 92.2%, respectively, (P = .001). Conclusion A higher value of the donor's 

terminal serum creatinine, CIT, IL2mAb induction, PD prior to KT and donor age increased the risk for DGF after CD-KT. DGF 

significantly lowered kidney allograft and patient survivals at 1 and 5 years after transplantation among the Thai population. 

© 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 

No.1086 

Author (s) : Premasathian, N., Vongwiwatana, A., Taweemonkongsap, T., Amornvesukit, T., Limsrichamrern, S., Jitpraphai, S., Kositamongkol, 

P., Mahawithitwong, P., Sritippayawan, S., Chanchairujira, T., Nualyong, C., Vareesangthip, K., Vasuvattakul, S., Sirivatanauksorn, 

Y. 

Title : The 37-year kidney transplantation experience at Siriraj Hospital. 

Source : Clinical transplants, 2010, Pages 141-148 


Keywords : immunosuppressive agent; adolescent, adult, aged, article, child, chronic kidney failure, delayed graft 

function, donor, female, graft rejection, graft survival, histocompatibility test, hospital, hospital 

admission, human, immunology, infant, kidney transplantation, laparoscopy, living donor, male, middle 

aged, mortality, nephrectomy, newborn, preschool child, statistics, Thailand, time, treatment outcome; 

Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Child, Child, Preschool, Delayed Graft Function, Female, Graft Rejection, Graft 

Survival, Histocompatibility Testing, Hospitals, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Kidney Failure, 

Chronic, Kidney Transplantation, Laparoscopy, Living Donors, Male, Middle Aged, Nephrectomy, Thailand, Time Factors, Tissue 

Donors, Treatment Outcome, Waiting Lists, Young Adult 

Abstract : With 37-years of experience, a total of 801 kidney transplantations (59.4% were deceased donors and 40.6% were living 

donors) performed at Siriraj hospital were reported. The point system parallel to OPTN/UNOS for waitlists was utilized. Most 

of the recipients of deceased donor kidney transplantations had 3 HLA mismatches. Due to the point allocation system, none 

of them had 6 HLA mismatches. Extended criteria donor comprised 7.8% of all deceased donors. Mean duration of dialysis 

prior to deceased donor transplant was 53 +/- 34 months. Delayed graft function (DGF) was found in 54% of deceased donor 

kidney transplantation and resulted in significantly higher rate of 1 year biopsy-proven acute rejection, longer duration of 

kidney transplant admission, higher admission cost and lower patient survival compared to those with immediate graft 

function. Most of living donor kidney transplant recipient had 1 haplotype match. Mean donor age was 35.9 +/- 9.8 years. 

95.6% of the recipients were on hemodialysis prior to transplantation. The current standard regimen includes calcineurin 

inhibitor, Mycophenolic acid and prednisolone. Interleukin-2 receptor monoclonal antibody has been used in the high 

immunological risk or high risk for DGF recipients that were 50% of the recipients. There was no statistically significant 

difference in the biopsy-proven acute rejection (BPAR) free survival between deceased and living donor transplantation. 

Proportion of cases with the diagnosis of acute rejection according to Banff 2007 classification is as follows: 32.4% acute 

cellular rejection (ACR), 39.4% antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) and 21.1% mixed cellular and antibody-mediated rejection. 

Seventy two patients, 35 deceased donor and 37 living donor kidney transplant recipients, had biopsy-proven glomerular 

disease after transplantation which IgA nephropathy is the most common form of glomerulonephritis. Median graft survival 

was 7.6 and 13.2 years and median patient survival was 12.1 and 15.5 years for recipient of deceased and living donor 

transplant respectively. The follow up program of living donors was introduced in 2003 and there were not any donors who 

required renal replacement therapy. 

No.1087 

Author (s) : Preutthipan, S., Herabutya, Y. 

Title : Hysteroscopic rollerball endometrial ablation as an alternative treatment for adenomyosis with menorrhagia and/or 

dysmenorrhea 

Source : Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research, Volume 36, Issue 5, October 2010, Pages 1031-1036 


Keywords : adenomyosis; dysmenorrhea; endometrial ablation; hysteroscopic surgery; menorrhagia; rollerball ablation 

Abstract : Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the long-term effectiveness and safety of hysteroscopic rollerball endometrial 

ablation as a surgical management of adenomyosis with menorrhagia and/or dysmenorrhea. We compared the results of 

patients who underwent pretreatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist with the results of those who did 

not. Methods: A retrospective study included 190 adenomyotic patients who suffered from menorrhagia and/or 

dysmenorrhea and underwent hysteroscopic rollerball endometrial ablation. Main outcome measures were rates of 

395


successful operation, complications, improvement of abnormal uterine bleeding and pelvic pain after the surgery. Results: 

The majority of the patients (142, 74.7%) underwent hysteroscopic rollerball endometrial ablation during the early 

proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle. The rest were operated on after GnRH agonist pretreatment for 6-8 weeks. 

Ablations were successfully performed on all patients in a day surgery setting. The average operation time was 36.3 ± 7.1 min. 

The mean glycine deficit was 583.4 ± 247.3 mL. The ablation in the no-pretreatment group took a significantly longer time 

and had more glycine absorption compared to the GnRH agonist pretreatment group (P < 0.0001). Mean postoperative followup 

duration was five years (range 1-10 years). A total of 187 patients (98.4%) who had undergone hysteroscopic endometrial 

ablation reported decreased bleeding: amenorrhea in 58 (30.5%), hypomenorrhea in 78 (41.1%), and eumenorrhea in 51 

(26.8%) patients. Three patients (1.6%) underwent hysterectomy due to symptoms recurrence. A total of 165 (86.8%) patients 

with dysmenorrhea reported either reduced or no dysmenorrhea. There was no significant difference in the efficacy of 

hysteroscopic rollerball endometrial ablation between patients who underwent pretreatment with GnRH agonists and those 

who did not. No major complications related to the procedure were reported. Conclusions: Hysteroscopic rollerball 

endometrial ablation as a surgical management of menorrhagia and dysmenorrhea that develops in patients with 

adenomyosis is an effective and safe procedure. It can reduce the need for the unnecessary major surgery of hysterectomy. 

© 2010 Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 

No.1088 

Author (s) : Price, E.P., Hornstra, H.M., Limmathurotsakul, D., Max, T.L., Sarovich, D.S., Vogler, A.J., Dale, J.L., Ginther, J.L., Leadem, B., 

Colman, R.E., Foster, J.T., Tuanyok, A., Wagner, D.M., Peacock, S.J., Pearson, T., Keim, P. 

Title : Within-host evolution of Burkholderia pseudomallei in four cases of acute melioidosis 

Source : PLoS Pathogens, Volume 6, Issue 1, January 2010, Article number e1000725 


Keywords : acute disease, article, bacterial colonization, bacterium culture, bacterium isolate, Burkholderia pseudomallei, case 

report, clinical feature, controlled study, disease course, evolutionary adaptation, genetic variability, genotype, host pathogen 

interaction, human, melioidosis, mutational analysis, nonhuman, phenotype, phylogeny, variable number of tandem 

repeat, adult, bacterial gene, female, genetics, male, middle aged, molecular evolution, molecular 

genetics, mutation, nucleotide sequence, pulsed field gel electrophoresis; Bacteria (microorganisms), Burkholderia 

pseudomallei; Adult, Base Sequence, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field, Evolution, 

Molecular, Female, Genes, Bacterial, Genotype, Humans, Male, Melioidosis, Middle Aged, Minisatellite Repeats, Molecular 

Sequence Data, Mutation, Phylogeny 

Abstract : Little is currently known about bacterial pathogen evolution and adaptation within the host during acute infection. Previous 

studies of Burkholderia pseudomallei, the etiologic agent of melioidosis, have shown that this opportunistic pathogen 

mutates rapidly both in vitro and in vivo at tandemly repeated loci, making this organism a relevant model for studying shortterm 

evolution. In the current study, B. pseudomallei isolates cultured from multiple body sites from four Thai patients with 

disseminated melioidosis were subjected to fine-scale genotyping using multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis 

(MLVA). In order to understand and model the in vivo variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) mutational process, we 

characterized the patterns and rates of mutations in vitro through parallel serial passage experiments of B. pseudomallei. 

Despite the short period of infection, substantial divergence from the putative founder genotype was observed in all four 

melioidosis cases. This study presents a paradigm for examining bacterial evolution over the short timescale of an acute 

infection. Further studies are required to determine whether the mutational process leads to phenotypic alterations that 

impact upon bacterial fitness in vivo. Our findings have important implications for future sampling strategies, since colonies in 

a single clinical sample may be genetically heterogeneous, and organisms in a culture taken late in the infective process may 

have undergone considerable genetic change compared with the founder inoculum. © 2010 Price et al. 

No.1089 

Author (s) : Promklay, A., Fuangtharnthip, P., Surarit, R., Atsawasuwan, P. 

Title : Response of dental pulp cells to Er:YAG irradiation 

Source : Photomedicine and Laser Surgery, Volume 28, Issue 6, 1 December 2010, Pages 793-799 


Keywords : Cavity preparations, Cell surfaces, Critical thickness, Dental pulp, Dental pulp cells, Enzyme immunoassay, Er:YAG 

irradiation, Er:YAG lasers, Laser irradiations, Low energies, Minimal damage, Output energy, Repetition rate, Scanning electron 

micrographs, Type I procollagen; Cell membranes, Enzyme activity, Erbium, Irradiation, Irrigation, Laser beam 

396


effects, Morphology, Pulp materials, Scanning electron microscopy; Cytology; 

Anatomy, Cells, Cytology, Enzymes, Irrigation, Lasers, Membranes, Radiation Effects, Scanning Electron Microscopy; collagen 

type 1; adult, article, biosynthesis, cell culture, cytology, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, human, male, radiation 

exposure, scanning electron microscopy, solid state laser, tooth pulp; Cells, Cultured, Collagen Type I, Dental Pulp, Enzyme- 

Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Humans, Lasers, Solid-State, Male, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Young Adult 

Abstract : Objective: This study aimed to investigate the response of human dental pulp cells lying on a thin dentin disc to Er:YAG 

irradiation. Background Data: Er:YAG laser irradiation has been effectively used for tooth cavity preparation with minimal 

damage to the dental pulp tissue. However, study of its direct effect on pulp cells has been limited. Materials and Methods: 

Primary human dental pulp cells were cultured and allowed to grow on one side of 500-μm-thick dentin discs. An Er:YAG 

laser at output energies of a 120, 300, or 500mJ/pulse with a repetition rate of 10Hz was used to ablate the non-cell surface 

of the dentin disc for 10s with cooling irrigation. Results: Twenty-four hours after laser irradiation, light and scanning electron 

micrographs revealed pulp cells with a normal fibroblastic morphology for the 120 and 300mJ laser-treated groups. In the 

500mJ laser-treated group, many pyknotic cells with knob-like projections on the cell surface were mostly observed: the 

number of cells with normal morphology decreased compared to that of the other groups. However, the production of type I 

procollagen assessed by the enzyme immunoassay increased in the 500mJ laser-treated group significantly (p


Transabdominal sonography revealed a male fetus with bilateral hydroureter, hydronephrosis, dilated bladder and normal 

amniotic fluid. The fetal penis was enlarged and the penile urethra was dilated with ballooning at the distal end. The urethral 

meatus was identified. The fetus was delivered at term with a favorable outcome. Copyright (c) 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel. 

No.1092 

Author (s) : Prueksaritanond, S., Prueksaritanond, S., Ratanarapee, S., Prueksaritanond, C. 

Title : Scrotal pain as the first manifestation of scrotal leiomyoma: A case report 



Keywords : Leiomyoma; Pain; Scrotum; Smooth muscle tumor; Tunica dartos 

Abstract : Primary scrotal leiomyoma is derived from smooth muscle cells of tunica dartos. A 37-year-old Thai man, barber by 

profession, presented with left scrotal pain and subsequently, a solid mass is reported. As a relatively rare neoplasm, the 

initial diagnosis and differential diagnosis are intricate. The management was surgical excision. The well circumscribed 1 cm 

mass appeared as homogeneous, whorled-like, with interlacing fascicles of spindled muscle cells, and a strong positive 

desmin immunoreactivity. Upon follow-up, pain had disappeared one year after surgery. Reassurance and careful reexamination 

to reduce anxiety was also needed. 

No.1093 

Author (s) : Pruksakorn, D., Lirdprapamongkol, K., Chokchaichamnankit, D., Subhasitanont, P., Chiablaem, K., Svasti, J., Srisomsap, C. 

Title : Metabolic alteration of HepG2 in scaffold-based 3-D culture: Proteomic approach 

Source : Proteomics, Volume 10, Issue 21, November 2010, Pages 3896-3904 


Keywords : 3-D culture; Cell biology; Creatine kinase; HepG2; Hypoxia 

Abstract : 3-D cell culture models are important in cancer biology since they provide improved understanding of tumor 

microenvironment. We have established a 3-D culture model using HepG2 in natural collagen-based scaffold to mimic the 

development of small avascular tumor in vivo. Morphological characterization showed that HepG2 colonies grew within the 

interior of the scaffold and showed enhanced extracellular matrix deposition. High levels of cell proliferation in the 

outermost regions of the scaffold created a hypoxic microenvironment in the 3-D culture system, as indicated by hypoxiainducible 

factor-1α stabilization, detectable by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Proteomic studies showed 

decreased expression of several mitochondrial proteins and increased expression of proteins in anaerobic glycolysis under 3-D 

culture compared to monolayer culture. Creatine kinase was also upregulated in 3-D culture, indicating its possible role as an 

important energy buffer system under hypoxic microenvironment. Increased levels of proteins in nucleotide metabolism may 

relate to cellular energy. Thus, our results suggest that HepG2 cells under 3-D culture adapt their energy metabolism in 

response to hypoxic conditions. Metabolic alterations in the 3-D culture model may relate to physiological changes relevant 

to development of small avascular tumor in vivo and their study may improve future therapeutic strategies. © 2010 WILEY- 

VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. 

No.1094 

Author (s) : Prutthiwanasan, B., Suntornsuk, L. 

Title : Rapid analysis of alkylphosphonate drugs by capillary zone electrophoresis using indirect ultraviolet detection 

Source : Journal of Separation Science, Volume 33, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 228-234 


Keywords : Alendronate; Clodronate; CZE; Fosfomycin; Indirect UV detection 

Abstract : A rapid capillary electrophoretic method for the analysis of three alkylphosphonate drugs (i.e. fosfomycin disodium (FOS), 

clodronate disodium (CLO) and alendronate sodium (ALN)) was developed by using multiple probe BGE and indirect UV 

detection. BGE containing 30 mM benzoic acid, 5 mM salicylic acid and 0.5 mM CTAB (pH 3.8), temperature of 30°1C, applied 

voltage of -30 kV and detection at 220 nm provided baseline separation of all analytes (resolution (R)>2.2) in 3.2 min. EOF 

reversal by addition of CTAB and negative voltage polarity leading to the co-EOF flow and short analysis time. Two probe BGE 

greatly improved peak symmetry. The method showed good linearity (r2>0.999 in ranges of 20-1000 μg/mL for FOS, 100- 

1000 μg/mL for CLO and 100-750 μg/mL for ALN) repeatablitiy (RSD<2.15%), recovery (99.3-101.1%) and sensitivity 

(LOD<50 μg/mL). Freshly prepared BGE and sample solutions are essential for the method precision and accuracy. This 

398


new method can be utilized for routine analysis of FOS, CLO and ALN in dosage forms because of its efficiency, reliability, 

speed and simplicity. © 2010 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. 

No.1095 

Author (s) : Pukrittayakamee, S., Imwong, M., Chotivanich, K., Singhasivanon, P., Day, N.P.J., White, N.J. 

Title : A comparison of two short-course primaquine regimens for the treatment and radical cure of Plasmodium vivax malaria in 

Thailand 

Source : American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 82, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 542-547 


Keywords : chloroquine, paracetamol, primaquine, quinine, tetracycline; adolescent, adult, article, clinical trial, comparative 

study, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, dose response, drug tolerability, fever, gametocyte, hematocrit, human, major 

clinical study, malaria falciparum, male, parasite, parasitemia, Plasmodium vivax malaria, randomized controlled 

trial, recurrent disease, relapse, side effect, survival, Thailand, unspecified side effect; 

Adolescent, Adult, Animals, Antimalarials, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Administration Schedule, Humans, Malaria, 

Vivax, Male, Middle Aged, Plasmodium vivax, Primaquine, Thailand, Young Adult; Plasmodium vivax 

Abstract : Thai adult males (N = 85) with acute Plasmodium vivax malaria and normal glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase screening 

were randomized to receive 30 mg or 60 mg primaquine daily for 7 days (N = 43 and 42, respectively). The regimens were 

well tolerated and all patients recovered fully. Median fever clearance (47 hours; range 4 to 130 hours), mean ± SD parasite 

clearance times (87.7 ± 25.3 hours), gametocyte clearance, and adverse effects were similar in the 2 groups. Two patients, 1 

from each group, had a 30% reduction in hematocrit. The cumulative 28 day relapse rate (95% confidence interval) by Kaplan 

Meier survival analysis was 29% (16-49%) in the 30 mg group compared with 7% (2-24%) in the 60 mg group; P = 0.027. 

Comparison with previous data obtained at this same site suggests that the recurrences comprised approximately 17% 

recrudescences and 12% relapses in the 30 mg/day group compared with 3% recrudescences and 4% relapses in the 60 

mg/day group. These data suggest that the dose-response relationships for primaquine's asexual stage and hypnozoitocidal 

activities in-vivo are different. A 1 week course of primaquine 60 mg daily is an effective treatment of vivax malaria in this 

region. Copyright © 2010 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 

No.1096 

Author (s) : Pulmanausahakul, R., Khakpoor, A., Smith, D.R. 

Title : The development of flavivirus vaccines 

Source : African Journal of Biotechnology, Volume 9, Issue 4, 25 January 2010, Pages 409-415 


Keywords : Attenuation; Encephalitis; Fever; Flavivirus; Hemorrhagic; Vaccine 

Abstract : Mosquito and tick-borne flaviviruses are the causative agents of some of the world's most important diseases, including 

dengue fever, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, tick-borne encephalitis and West Nile fever. Cumulatively, these viruses 

cause many millions of infections each year and impose a significant burden on public health resources, particularly in 

developing and newly developed countries. Vaccine development to eliminate flaviviral infections has been marked by 

uneven progress and a large number of setbacks. To date, no single approach has proved successful in leading to vaccine 

development against a wide range of flaviviruses, but the application of modern techniques to the problem is opening up 

new avenues of approach. This review summarizes some of the developments in vaccine research aimed at inducing 

protective immunity against flaviviral infections. © 2010 Academic Journals. 

No.1097 

Author (s) : Pulsawat, P., Piboonpocanun, S., Sirivichayakul, S., Buranapraditkun, S., Jacquet, A., Shimada, M., Okuda, K., Ruxrungtham, K. 

Title : Production and immunogenicity of hypoallergenic codon-optimized DNA vaccine encoding mature Der p 1 allergen 

Source : Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Volume 20, Issue 7, 2010, Pages 582-590 


Keywords : Codon-optimized DNA vaccine; Der p 1; Hypoallergen; Mature Der p 1 

Abstract : Background: Genetic vaccination with plasmid DNA encoding allergens is a promising potential approach for the treatment or 

prevention of allergy. Nonetheless, because the allergens expressed can display immunoglobulin (Ig) E reactivity, methods to 

deliver hypoallergenic variants can minimize the risk of type 2 helper (TH2) cell priming after DNA immunization. Methods: A 

humanized synthetic gene encoding mature Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus group 1 (Der p 1) allergen was cloned into the 

pHIS expression vector carrying unmethylated CpG 2006 (CpG 2006) motif but devoid of signal sequence. The immunogenicity 

399


of this DNA construct was compared in naïve mice with that of recombinant ProDer p 1 protein adjuvanted with alum. 

Results: Codon optimization of the cDNA encoding mature Der p 1 markedly improved allergen expression. Mature Der p 1, 

expressed intracellularly in Human Embryonic Kidney 293 cells (HEK 293 cells) transfected with codon-optimized Der p 1 

cDNA (pHIS-mHuDer p 1), was shown to be hypoallergenic as it displayed no IgE reactivity. Intradermal vaccinations of naïve 

Balb/C mice with pHIS-mHuDer p 1 elicited an allergen-specific TH1 response characterized by the production of specific 

IgG2a, a very low amount of specific IgG1, and no specific IgE. Lipoplex formulation with cationic liposome composed of 

lecithin, N-[1-(2,3-Dioleoyloxy)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethylammonium methylsulfate (DOTAP) and cholesterol not only accelerated 

the induction of TH1 response but also increased its intensity. Conclusion: A codon-optimized DNA vaccine encoding mature 

Der p 1 in a lipoplex formulation could represent a promising hypoallergenic vaccine candidate for safer immunotherapy 

against house dust mite allergy. © 2010 Esmon Publicidad. 

No.1098 

Author (s) : Pumirat, P., Cuccui, J., Stabler, R.A., Stevens, J.M., Muangsombut, V., Singsuksawat, E., Stevens, M.P., Wren, B.W., Korbsrisate, S. 

Title : Global transcriptional profiling of Burkholderia pseudomallei under salt stress reveals differential effects on the Bsa type III 

secretion system 



Keywords : article, bacterial gene, bacterial growth, bacterium culture, Burkholderia pseudomallei, controlled study, DNA 

fingerprinting, genetic transcription, human, human cell, lung alveolus epithelium, microarray analysis, nonhuman, protein 

expression, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, salinity, salt stress, upregulation, Western blotting, culture 

medium, DNA microarray, drug effect, gene expression profiling, gene expression 

regulation, genetics, metabolism, physiological stress; Burkholderia pseudomallei; sodium chloride; Burkholderia 

pseudomallei, Culture Media, Gene Expression Profiling, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, Oligonucleotide Array 

Sequence Analysis, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sodium Chloride, Stress, Physiological, Transcription, 

Genetic 

Abstract : Background. Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis where the highest reported incidence world wide 

is in the Northeast of Thailand, where saline soil and water are prevalent. Moreover, recent reports indicate a potential 

pathogenic role for B. pseudomallei in cystic fibrosis lung disease, where an increased sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration in 

airway surface liquid has been proposed. These observations raise the possibility that high salinity may represent a favorable 

niche for B. pseudomallei. We therefore investigated the global transcriptional response of B. pseudomallei to increased 

salinity using microarray analysis. Results. Transcriptome analysis of B. pseudomallei under salt stress revealed several genes 

significantly up-regulated in the presence of 320 mM NaCl including genes associated with the bsa-derived Type III secretion 

system (T3SS). Microarray data were verified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR). Western blot 

analysis confirmed the increased expression and secretion of the invasion-associated type III secreted proteins BipD and BopE 

in B. pseudomallei cultures at 170 and 320 mM NaCl relative to salt-free medium. Furthermore, salt-treated B. pseudomallei 

exhibited greater invasion efficiency into the lung epithelial cell line A549 in a manner partly dependent on a functional Bsa 

system. Conclusions. B. pseudomallei responds to salt stress by modulating the transcription of a relatively small set of 

genes, among which is the bsa locus associated with invasion and virulence. Expression and secretion of Bsa-secreted proteins 

was elevated in the presence of exogenous salt and the invasion efficiency was enhanced. Our data indicate that salinity has 

the potential to influence the virulence of B. pseudomallei. © 2010 Pumirat et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.1099 

Author (s) : Punnakitikashem, P., Intarakumnerd, P., Laosirihongthong, T. 

Title : Performance assessment of technology transfer project: An application of DEA technique 

Source : IEEM2010 - IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, 2010, Article number 

5674233, Pages 1027-1031 


Keywords : Chief technology officer; Data envelopment analysis; DEA; Performance measurement; Technology transfer 

Abstract : Technology transfer is a mechanism to acquire technology and helps company to enhance their technology capabilities. The 

purpose of this study is to demonstrate how Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) can be used to assess performance of 

technology transfer project at firm level. Data collected from transferring the robotics operating technology project of 12 

automotive parts/components manufacturing companies are examined by using the DEA model. The results of this study 

400


show that six companies carried out efficient technology transferring. The average efficiency score of technology transfer 

project is 93.3%. This finding confirms that absorptive capacity of recipient firms is a critical success factor underlying 

differences between efficient and inefficient firms. DEA method provides Chief Technology Officers (CTO) or project leaders a 

framework to determine appropriate transferring mechanisms and necessary internal and external resources. ©2010 IEEE. 

No.1100 

Author (s) : Punnakitikashem, P., Laosirihongthong, T., Adebanjo, D., McLean, M.W. 

Title : A study of quality management practices in TQM and non-TQM firms: Findings from the ASEAN automotive industry 

Source : International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management, Volume 27, Issue 9, October 2010, Pages 1021-1035 


Keywords : Automotive industry; ISO 9000 series; Organizational restructuring; Quality management; South East Asia; Total quality 

management 

Abstract : Purpose: The primary objective of this research is to explore whether total quality management (TQM) firms execute various 

quality management practices significantly differently from non-TQM firms in the Association of South East Asian Nations 

(ASEAN) automotive supply chain. The study also aims to analyze differences between different tiers of this supply chain and 

to examine the relationship between the implementation of quality management systems and adoption of TQM. 

Design/methodology/approach: A total of 165 datasets collected from ASEAN automotive Original Equipment Manufacturers 

(OEMs) and their tier 1 and 2 suppliers in five ASEAN countries were tested by using cross-tabulation analysis and ANOVA with 

post hoc test. Findings: The results show that firms that have successfully implemented the concept of work standardization 

or process-approach through quality management systems (QMS) certification have tended to pursue TQM as the subsequent 

stage in their quality journey. In addition, the study found that all seven TQM practices - leadership; strategy and planning; 

customer focus; information and analysis; people management; process management; and supplier involvement - were 

significantly higher in TQM firms than in non-TQM firms. Finally, the study found that tier 3 suppliers were less likely to 

implement TQM practices compared with higher tiers (1 and 2), except in supplier involvement. Originality/value: The study 

presents an insight into TQM constructs evolution in the ASEAN region, which has gained increased prominence and world 

impact as a result of international outsourcing. It therefore addresses a significant gap in the literature about how quality 

management is deployed in this important region of the world. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited. 

No.1101 

Author (s) : Punnakitikashem, P., Somsuk, N., Mclean, M.W., Laosirihongthong, T. 

Title : Linkage between continual improvement and knowledge-based view theory 

Source : Proceedings - 2010 IEEE 17th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, IE and EM2010, 

2010, Article number 5646081, Pages 1689-1694 


Keywords : Continual improvement; Embedded operations learning; Knowledge creation; Knowledge-based view (KBV) theory 

Abstract : This paper reviews the literature and exhibits finding from case studies to provide a broad overview of learning and 

knowledge creation in the context of continual improvement. First, we describe Knowledge-Based View (KBV) theory and its 

application in the context of Continual Improvement (CI) initiatives such as Quality Control Circles (QCC), Kaizen, Business 

Process Engineering, and Six Sigma from literature. We then propose an integrated view of knowledge creation using 

Nanoka's theory of knowledge creation to provide insights on how the CI initiatives are supported by this theory, which later 

lead to improve the operational and organization outcomes. The case studies of three manufacturing companies, which 

implemented CI program and multi-certified management systems, are then presented to illustrate how KBV can be applied 

to support CI initiative. This embedding operations learning is a complementary to the organization's knowledge management 

system facilitating sustainable CI projects. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.1102 

Author (s) : Punpanich, W., Boon-Yasidhi, V., Chokephaibulkit, K., Prasitsuebsai, W., Chantbuddhiwet, U., Leowsrisook, P., Hays, R.D., Detels, 

R. 

Title : Health-related Quality of Life of Thai children with HIV infection: A comparison of the Thai Quality of Life in Children (ThQLC) 

with the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory version 4.0 (PedsQL 4.0) Generic Core Scales 

Source : Quality of Life Research, Volume 19, Issue 10, December 2010, Pages 1509-1516 


401


Keywords : HAART; HIV infection; HRQoL; Pediatric; PedsQL 4.0; QoL; ThQLC 

Abstract : Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Thai Quality of Life in Children (ThQLC) 

and compare it with the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL 4.0) in a sample of children receiving long-term HIV care 

in Thailand. Methods: The ThQLC and the PedsQL 4.0 were administered to 292 children with HIV infection aged 8-16 years. 

Clinical parameters such as the current viral load, CD4 percent, and clinical staging were obtained by medical record review. 

Results: Three out of five ThQLC scales and three out of four PedsQL 4.0 scales had acceptable internal consistency 

reliability (i.e., Cronbach's alpha >0.70). Cronbach's alpha values of each scale ranged from 0.52 to 0.75 and 0.57 to 0.75 for 

the ThQLC and the PedsQL 4.0, respectively. Corresponding scales (physical functioning, emotional well-being, social 

functioning, and school functioning) of the ThQLC and the PedsQL 4.0 correlated substantially with one another (r = 0.47, 

0.67, 0.59 and 0.56, respectively). Both ThQLC and PedsQL 4.0 overall scores significantly correlated with the child's selfrated 

severity of the illness (r = -0.23 for the ThQLC and -0.28 for the PedsQL 4.0) and the caregiver's rated overall quality of 

life (r = 0.07 for the ThQLC and 0.13 for the PedsQL 4.0). The overall score of the ThQLC correlated with clinical and 

immunologic categories of the United State-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US-CDC) classification system (r = - 

0.12), while the overall score of the PedsQL 4.0 significantly correlated with the number of disability days (r = -0.12) and 

CD4 percent (r = -0.15). However, the overall score from both instruments were not significantly different by clinical stages of 

HIV disease. A multitrait-multimethod analysis results demonstrated that the average convergent validity and off-diagonal 

correlations were 0.58 and 0.45, respectively. Discriminant validity was partially supported with 62% of validity diagonal 

correlations exceeding correlations between different domains (discriminant validity successes). The Hays-Hayashi MTMM 

quality index was 0.61. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the ThQLC physical functioning scale provided unique 

information in predicting child self-rated severity of the illness and overall quality of life beyond that explained by the 

PedsQL 4.0 in Thai children with HIV infection. Conclusions: We found evidence in support of the reliability and validity of 

the ThQLC and the PedsQL 4.0 for measuring the health-related quality of life of Thai children with HIV infection. © 2010 

The Author(s). 

No.1103 

Author (s) : Punsawad, Y., Aempedchr, S., Wongsawat, Y., Parnichkun, M. 

Title : EEG-based mental fatigue alarm system using weighted-frequency index 

Source : APSIPA ASC 2010 - Asia-Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference, 2010, Pages 193- 

196 


Keywords : Beta rhythms, Car accidents, Linear combinations, Mental fatigue, Prediction accuracy, Simulated driving; Alarm systems, Data 

processing, Interfaces (computer); Brain computer interface 

Abstract : Mental fatigue is another major cause of the serious car accidents. Ability to early predict the mental fatigue phenomenon is 

hence one of the challenging problems in brain-computer interface (BCI). In this paper, we propose the practical EEG-based 

mental fatigue alarm system including the weighted-frequency index of the linear combination among EEG theta, alpha and 

beta rhythms. The proposed system is tested with the simulated driving situations. By using only 1-channel EEG at the 

temporal area of the brain, more than 90% of prediction accuracies are reported compared to the opinion scores of the 

users. 

No.1104 

Author (s) : Punsawad, Y., Wongsawat, Y., Parnichkun, M. 

Title : Hybrid EEG-EOG brain-computer interface system for practical machine control 

Source : 2010 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC'10, 2010, Article number 

5626745, Pages 1360-1363 


Keywords : Biosignals, Classification accuracy, Electro-oculogram, Hybrid framework, Machine controls, Practical issues; Computer control 

systems, Electroencephalography, Interfaces (computer), Optical sensors; Brain computer interface 

Abstract : Practical issues such as accuracy with various subjects, number of sensors, and time for training are important problems of 

existing brain-computer interface (BCI) systems. In this paper, we propose a hybrid framework for the BCI system that can 

make machine control more practical. The electrooculogram (EOG) is employed to control the machine in the left and right 

directions while the electroencephalogram (EEG) is employed to control the forword, no action, and complete stop motions 

402


of the machine. By using only 2-channel biosignals, the average classification accuracy of more than 95% can be achieved. © 

2010 IEEE. 

No.1105 

Author (s) : Punurai, W., Tongpool, W., Saardwong, W. 

Title : An extended nonlinear-based method for optimum cutting pattern generation of membrane structures 

Source : AIP Conference Proceedings, Volume 1233, Issue PART 1, 2010, Pages 970-975 


Keywords : cutting pattern; finite element method; genetic algorithm; membrane structures 

Abstract : The cutting pattern for membrane structures obtained by using the geodesic line method or flattening technique does not 

allow the actual stresses in the structures to be specified. As a result, the occurrence of surface wrinkles may form under 

service loading. In this paper, a method for determining an optimum cutting pattern which accounts for the designed stresses 

of the membrane structures is presented. Using the displacements of the 3-D surface as the key variables, the method 

proposed utilizes a nonlinear analysis technique based upon the second Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensor, Green strain tensor and 

Saint Venant-Kirchhoff hyperelastic material. The genetic algorithm is also adopted to solve the optimization problem. To 

verify the validation of the existing method, a cone shape membrane structure was analyzed. By using the proposed method, 

the deviation of the actual membrane stresses from the assumed design stresses could be reduced. © 2010 American 

Institute of Physics. 

No.1106 

Author (s) : Pusoonthornthum, R., Pusoonthornthum, P., Krishnamra, N. 

Title : Calcium-phosphorus homeostasis and changes in parathyroid hormone secretion in cats with various stages of spontaneous 

chronic renal failure 

Source : Comparative Clinical Pathology, Volume 19, Issue 3, June 2010, Pages 287-293 


Keywords : Cats; Chronic renal failure; Parathyroid hormone 

Abstract : Feline chronic renal failure was recognized with increased frequency in Maine coon, Abyssinian, Siamese, Russian blue, and 

Burmese cats. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between parathyroid hormone (PTH) level, 

calcium, and phosphorus homeostasis and the development of various stages of the naturally occurring chronic renal failure 

(CRF) in cats. Thirty-two CRF cats without history of receiving special diet for renal diseases that were presented to the Small 

Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University were studied. Nineteen CRF cats were followed 

prospectively for 60 days and divided into two groups: uremic group (11 cats) and end-stage group (eight cats). The control 

group (13 cats) were normal cats, which were brought for vaccination at the same hospital within the same period. CRF cats 

with blood urea nitrogen concentrations of more than 50 mg/dl, serum creatinine level of more than 2. 1 mg/dl, and urine 

specific gravity of between 1. 008 and 1. 014 were included into the study. Completed blood count, blood chemistry, 

electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, total calcium, and phosphorus, and PTH levels were measured on days 0, 14, 30, 

and 60 after the first diagnosis. The results showed that cats with CRF had significantly lower red blood cells, hemoglobin, 

and pack cell volume than control cats (p < 0. 01) on days 0, 14, 30, and 60. PTH levels on first day of diagnosis were 50. 51 

± 19. 65, 79. 41 ± 28. 12, and 183. 37 ± 50. 12 pg/ml in controls, uremic, and end-stage groups, respectively. Cats in end-stage 

group had significantly increased levels of PTH when compared to control (p < 0. 01) and uremic groups (p < 0. 05) on days 0, 

14, and 30. Serum phosphorus levels also increased significantly in end-stage group (p < 0. 001), indicating the presence of 

renal secondary hyperparathyroidism. This study reveals that PTH level is significantly increased in end-stage CRF cats who did 

not received special diet for renal diseases. The development of renal secondary hyperparathyroidism in end-stage CRF cats 

significantly decreased its survival rate. © 2009 Springer-Verlag London Limited. 

No.1107 

Author (s) : Putaporntip, C., Udomsangpetch, R., Pattanawong, U., Cui, L., Jongwutiwes, S. 

Title : Genetic diversity of the Plasmodium vivax merozoite surface protein-5 locus from diverse geographic origins 

Source : Gene, Volume 456, Issue 1-2, May 2010, Pages 24-35 


Keywords : Genetic differentiation; Genetic diversity; Malaria; Merozoite surface protein-5; Natural selection; Plasmodium knowlesi; 

Plasmodium vivax 

403


Abstract : Plasmodium vivax merozoite surface protein-5 (PvMsp-5), a potential vaccine candidate, is encoded by a two-exon single 

copy gene. We have conducted a comprehensive analysis of PvMsp-5 by sequencing the entire gene of four parasite 

populations from northwestern Thailand (n=73), southern Thailand (n=53), Indonesia (n=25) and Brazil (n=24), and five 

isolates from other endemic areas. Results reveal that exon I exhibits a significantly higher level of nucleotide diversity at 

both synonymous and nonsynonymous sites than exon II (p<0.01). Neutrality tests based on both intraspecific and 

interspecific nucleotide polymorphism have detected a signature of positive selection in exon I of all populations while 

substitutions in exon II mainly followed neutral expectation except that three residues in exon II of northwestern Thailand 

population appear to be positively selected using the Bayes Empirical Bayes method. Short imperfect repeats were identified 

in exon I at an equivalent region to its orthologue in P. knowlesi, supporting their close genetic relatedness. Significant levels 

of population subdivision were detected among most populations including those between northwestern and southern 

Thailand (p<10-5), implying absent or minimal gene flow between these populations. Importantly, evidences for intragenic 

recombination in PvMsp-5 were found in most populations except that from southern Thailand in which haplotype diversity 

and nucleotide diversity were exceptionally low. Results from Fu and Li's D, F and D and F tests suggested that PvMsp-5 of 

most P. vivax populations have been maintained by balancing selection whereas southern Thailand population could have 

gone through recent bottleneck events. These findings are concordant with a substantial reduction in the number of P. vivax 

cases in southern Thailand during the past decade, followed by a very recent population expansion. Therefore, spatiotemporal 

monitoring of parasite population genetics provides important implications for disease control. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

No.1108 

Author (s) : Puthanakit, T., Aurpibul, L., Yoksan, S., Sirisanthana, T., Sirisanthana Virat, V. 

Title : A 3-year follow-up of antibody response in HIV-infected children with immune recovery vaccinated with inactivated Japanese 

encephalitis vaccine 

Source : Vaccine, Volume 28, Issue 36, August 2010, Pages 5900-5902 


Keywords : Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); Japanese encephalitis virus; Protective antibody 

Abstract : Among HIV-infected children who had immune recovery after received antiretroviral therapy (ART), good responses to 

revaccination with childhood vaccines have been observed. However, the rate of long-term persistence of antibody response 

remains unknown. The objective of this study is to determine whether HIV-infected children still have protective antibody 

against Japanese encephalitis virus (JE) 3 years after receiving revaccination with two doses of inactivated JE vaccine. Plasma 

JE neutralizing antibody titer was determined by a plaque reduction neutralization assay. An antibody titer of more than 1:10 

was defined as being protective. Fifty HIV-infected children with a mean age of 10.3 years (SD 2.2) and mean CD4 percentage 

of 25 (SD 5) were revaccinated with two doses of inactivated JE vaccine. Forty-three children had been followed-up for 3 

years. The JE neutralizing antibody at 1 month and 3 years after revaccination were detected among 38 (88%) and 35 (81%) 

children, respectively. The geometric means titer significantly dropped from of 306 (min 13-max 163,617) to 106 (min 11-max 

4645). This data show that the majority of HIV-infected children had persistent antibody 3 years after revaccination. JE 

revaccination in HIV-infected children with immune recovery after ART should be carried out in endemic areas. © 2010 

Elsevier Ltd. 

No.1109 

Author (s) : Puthanakit, T., Chokephaibulkit, K., Suntarattiwong, P., Gorowara, M., Vanprapar, N., Leawsrisuk, P., Suwanlerk, T., Boonrak, P., 

Ruxrungtham, K. 

Title : Therapeutic drug monitoring of lopinavir in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children receiving adult tablets 

Source : Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, Volume 29, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 79-82 


Keywords : Children; Generic drug tablets; HIV; Lopinavir; Therapeutic drug monitoring 

Abstract : Because of the lack of a lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) pediatric formulation, 54 HIV-infected children were given generic LPV/r 

adult tablets. Of 54 children, 21 took cut pills to get the appropriate dose. The median (interquartile range) LPV trough serum 

concentration (Ctrough) was 6.7 (5.0-9.9) mg/L. All the children had Ctrough >1.0 mg/L and 96% had values >4.0 mg/L. LPV/r 

adult tablets can be used in children when it is necessary. © 2009 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 

404


No.1110 

Author (s) : Puthanakit, T., Jourdain, G., Hongsiriwon, S., Suntarattiwong, P., Chokephaibulkit, K., Sirisanthana, V., Kosalaraksa, P., Petdachai, 

W., Hansudewechakul, R., Siangphoe, U., Suwanlerk, T., Ananworanich, J. 

Title : HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in children after failure of first-line nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based 

antiretroviral therapy 

Source : HIV Medicine, Volume 11, Issue 9, October 2010, Pages 565-572 


Keywords : Children; HIV; Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; Resistance mutations; Treatment failure 

Abstract : Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence, predictors and patterns of genotypic resistance mutations in 

children after failure of World Health Organization-recommended initial nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)based 

treatment regimens. Methods: We carried out a multicentre retrospective study of genotyping tests performed for all 

HIV-infected children at eight paediatric centres in Thailand who experienced failure of NNRTI therapy at a time when 

virological monitoring was not routinely available. Results: One hundred and twenty children were included in the study. 

Their median age (interquartile range) was 9.1 (6.8-11.0) years, the median duration of their NNRTI regimens was 23.7 (15.7- 

32.6) months, their median CD4 percentage was 12% (4-20%), and their median plasma HIV RNA at the time of genotype 

testing was 4.8 (4.3-5.2) log10 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL. The nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) resistance mutations 

found were as follows: 85% of the children had M184V/I, 23% had at least four thymidine analogue mutations, 12% had the 

Q151M complex, 5% had K65R, and 1% had the 69 insertion. Ninety-eight per cent of the children had at least one NNRTI 

resistance mutation, and 48% had etravirine mutation-weighted scores ≥4. CD4 percentage <15% prior to switching 

regimens [odds ratio (OR) 5.49; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.02-14.93] and plasma HIV RNA>5 log10 copies/mL (OR 2.46; 

95% CI 1.04-5.82) were independent predictors of at least four thymidine analogue mutations, the Q151M complex or the 69 

insertion. Conclusions: In settings without routine viral load monitoring, second-line antiretroviral therapy regimens should be 

designed assuming that clinical or immunological failure is associated with high rates of multi-NRTI resistance and NNRTI 

resistance, including resistance to etravirine. © 2010 British HIV Association. 

No.1111 

Author (s) : Puthanakit, T., Tangsathapornpong, A., Ananworanich, J., Wongsawat, J., Suntrattiwong, P., Wittawatmongkol, O., Mekmullica, J., 

Waidab, W., Bhakeecheep, S., Chokephaibulkit, K. 

Title : Thai national guidelines for the use of antiretroviral therapy in pediatric HIV infection in 2010 



Keywords : HIV; Pediatrics; Thai guidelines 

Abstract : With better knowledge and availability of antiretroviral treatments, the Thai National HIV Guidelines Working Group has issued 

treatment guidelines for children in Thailand in March 2010. The most important aspects of these new guidelines are detailed 

below. ART should be initiated in infants less than 12 months of age at any CD4 level regardless of symptoms and in all 

children at CDC clinical stage B and C or WHO clinical stages 3 and 4. For children with no or mild symptoms consider CD4guided 

thresholds of CD4 <25% (children aged one to five years) or CD4 <350 cells/mm3 (children 5 years or older). The 

preferred first-line regimen in children aged < 3 years is AZT+3TC+NVP. For children ≥3 years of age the preferred regimen is 

AZT+3TC+EFV. If an infant has previously been exposed to NVP perinatally, use AZT+3TC+LPV/r as empirical first regimen. In 

adolescents, consider TDF+3TC+EFV. The preferred ARV treatment in children who failed first line regimens of 2NRTI+NNRTI 

(Salvage treatment) comprises 2NRTI (guided by genotype) +LPV/r, and an alternative regimen is 2NRTI (guided by genotype) 

+ATV/ r (use in cases with dyslipidemia who are six years or older). In cases with extensive NRTI resistance with no effective 

NRTI option available, double boosted PI with LPV/r+SQV or LPV/r+IDV can be considered. Consultation with an expert is 

recommended. Laboratory monitoring is recommended for CD4 and every six months. Viral load at least at 6 and 12 months 

after initiation or change of regimen, then yearly thereafter. More frequent viral load monitoring is advised for cases with 

unsuccessful virologic response, infants, children with imperfect adherence, or those using of third line regimens. Toxicity 

monitoring depends on the drug received, at least every six months, and more often as clinically indicated. These include, 

but are not limited to, complete blood count, renal function tests, liver function tests, urinanalysis, and lipid profiles. 

Therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended in cases that have ARV-related toxicity, receiving non-standard dosing or 

regimens, using double boosted PI, and in those with renal or hepatic impairment. 

405


No.1112 

Author (s) : Puthawibool, T., Senapin, S., Flegel, T.W., Kiatpathomchai Wansika, W. 

Title : Rapid and sensitive detection of Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus in giant freshwater prawns by reverse transcription 

loop-mediated isothermal amplification combined with a lateral flow dipstick 

Source : Molecular and Cellular Probes, Volume 24, Issue 5, October 2010, Pages 244-249 


Keywords : Giant freshwater prawn; LAMP; Lateral flow dipstick; LFD; Loop-mediated isothermal amplification; Macrobrachium 

rosenbergii; Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus; MrNV; PCR,; White tail disease 

Abstract : Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) allows rapid amplification of nucleic acids under isothermal conditions. It can 

be combined with a chromatographic lateral flow dipstick (LFD) for much more efficient, field-friendly detection of MrNV. In 

this work, RT-LAMP was performed at 65 °C for 40 min, followed by 5 min for hybridization with an FITC-labeled DNA probe 

and 5 min for LFD resulted in visualization of DNA amplicons trapped at the LFD test line. Thus, total assay time, including 10 

min for rapid RNA extraction was approximately 60 min. In addition to advantages of short assay time, confirmation of 

amplicon identity by hybridization and elimination of electrophoresis with carcinogenic ethidium bromide, the RT-LAMP-LFD 

was more sensitive than an existing RT-PCR method for detection of MrNV. The RT-LAMP-LFD method gave negative test 

results with nucleic acid extracts from normal shrimp and from shrimp infected with other viruses including DNA viruses 

[PstDNV (IHHNV), PemoNPV (MBV), PmDNV (HPV), WSSV] and RNA viruses (TSV, IMNV, YHV/GAV). © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. 

No.1113 

Author (s) : Putri, S.P., Kinoshita, H., Ihara, F., Igarashi, Y., Nihira, T. 

Title : Ophiosetin, a new tetramic acid derivative from the mycopathogenic fungus Elaphocordyceps ophioglossoides 

Source : Journal of Antibiotics, Volume 63, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 195-198 


Keywords : Elaphocordyceps ophioglossoides; Mycopathogenic fungus; Ophiosetin; Tetramic acid 


No.1114 

Author (s) : Putwattana, N., Kruatrachue, M., Pokethitiyook, P., Chaiyarat, R. 

Title : Immobilization of cadmium in soil by cow manure and silicate fertilizer, and reduced accumulation of cadmium in sweet basil 

(Ocimum basilicum) 

Source : ScienceAsia, Volume 36, Issue 4, December 2010, Pages 349-354 


Keywords : Cadmium accumulation; Dry biomass production; Pot study; Soil amendments 

Abstract : This study was conducted to determine the effects of organic and inorganic soil additives in reducing Cd concentration in the 

edible parts of plants. A pot study was performed by growing Ocimum basilicum (sweet basil) in Cd contaminated soil (20 

mg/kg Cd) and soils amended with cow manure and silicate fertilizer for 3 months. The results showed an increase in dry 

biomass production by factors of 4.7 and 1.7 in plants grown in soil supplemented with cow manure (20% w/w) and silicate 

fertilizer (20% w/w), respectively. Shoot Cd accumulation doubled in plants grown in cow manure treated soil. In contrast, 

the silicate fertilizer resulted in a 3-fold decrease in leaf Cd accumulation. The results of this investigation demonstrated the 

potential of silicate fertilizer in reducing Cd transport from roots to shoots, resulting in decreased Cd concentration in the 

edible parts of plants. 

No.1115 

Author (s) : Rachadech, W., Navacharoen, A., Ruangsit, W., Pongtharangkul, T., Vangnai, A.S. 

Title : An organic solvent-, detergent-, and thermostable alkaline protease from the mesophilic, organic solvent-tolerant Bacillus 

licheniformis 3C51 

Source : Microbiology, Volume 79, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 620-629 


Keywords : alkaline protease; Bacillus licheniformis; organic-solvent tolerant bacterium; thermo-, organic-, solvent-, detergentstable 

protease 

Abstract : Bacillus licheniformis 3C5, isolated as mesophilic bacterium, exhibited tolerance towards a wide range of non-polar and polar 

organic solvents at 45°C. It produced an extracellular organic solvent-stable protease with an apparent molecular mass of 

406


approximately 32 kDa. The inhibitory effect of PMSF and EDTA suggested it is likely to be an alkaline serine protease. The 

protease was active over a broad range of temperatures (45-70°C) and pH (8-10) range with an optimum activity at pH 10 and 

65°C. It was comparatively stable in the presence of a relatively high concentration (35% (v/v)) of organic solvents and various 

types of detergents even at a relatively high temperature (45°C). The protease production by B. licheniformis 3C5 was growthdependent. 

The optimization of carbon and nitrogen sources for cell growth and protease production revealed that yeast 

extract was an important medium component to support both cell growth and the protease production. The overall 

properties of the protease produced by B. licheniformis 3C5 suggested that this thermo-stable, solvent-stable, detergentstable 

alkaline protease is a promising potential biocatalyst for industrial and environmental applications. © 2010 Pleiades 

Publishing, Ltd. 

No.1116 

Author (s) : Rahman, W., Chotivanich, K., Silamut, K., Tanomsing, N., Hossain, A., Faiz, M.A., Dondorp, A.M., Maude, R.J. 

Title : Plasmodium malariae in Bangladesh 

Source : Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 104, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 78-80 


Keywords : Bangladesh; Malaria; PCR; Plasmodium malariae; Rosetting; severe 

Abstract : We describe a 32-year-old Bangladeshi male presenting with severe malaria caused by a mono-infection with Plasmodium 

malariae. Rosetting of infected and uninfected erythrocytes, a putative virulence factor in falciparum malaria, was observed in 

the blood slide. Severe disease caused by P. malariae is extremely rare. The patient made a rapid recovery with intravenous 

quinine treatment. © 2009 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 

No.1117 

Author (s) : Rakbud, J., Chaisuriya, P. 

Title : Schatten classes of matrices in a generalized B(l2) 

Source : Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society, Volume 47, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 29-40 


Keywords : Compact operator; Schatten p-class; Singular values 

Abstract : In this paper, we study a generalization of the Banach space B(l2) of all bounded linear operators on l2. Over this space, we 

present some reasonable ways to define Schatten-type classes which are general- izations of the classical Schatten classes of 

compact operators on l2. © 2010 The Korean Mathematical Society. 

No.1118 

Author (s) : Rakkhong, K.; Kamchaisatian, W.; Vilaiyuk, S.; Benjaponpitak, S. 

Title : Clinical Manifestation and Natural Course of Cow's Milk Allergy in Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok 






No.1119 

Author (s) : Rakthong, P., Intaramat, A., Ratanabanangkoon, K. 

Title : Luminol encapsulated liposome as a signal generator for the detection of specific antigen-antibody reactions and nucleotide 

hybridization 

Source : Analytical Sciences, Volume 26, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 767-772 


Keywords : 1,2 distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine, 1,2-distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine, immobilized protein, liposome, luminol, 

macrogol derivative, oligonucleotide, phosphatidylethanolamine, streptavidin; antibody specificity, antigen antibody complex, 

antigen antibody reaction, article, biotinylation, chemistry, feasibility study, genetic procedures, genetics, immunology, light, 

methodology, nucleic acid hybridization, nucleotide sequence, radiation scattering, surface property; Antibody Specificity, 

Antigen-Antibody Complex, Antigen-Antibody Reactions, Base Sequence, Biosensing Techniques, Biotinylation, Feasibility 

407


Studies, Immobilized Proteins, Light, Liposomes, Luminol, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, Oligonucleotides, 

Phosphatidylethanolamines, Polyethylene Glycols, Scattering, Radiation, Streptavidin, Surface Properties 

Abstract : Liposomes prepared with biotinylated phospholipids and luminol entrapped were shown to be of 187 nm in size, 59% of 

which were unilamellar and with 43% luminol trapping efficiency. Liposome prepared from biotinylated phospholipids with a 

longer hydrophilic PEG2000 spacer, but not with the shorter hydrophobic caproyl one, bound efficiently and specifically with 

immobilized streptavidin in a microplate assay. The interactions of dinitrophenol and tobramycin with their respective 

antibodies, and the hybridization of 20-mers oligonucleotides were studied using the liposome as a signal generator. These 

reactions were shown to be specific with limits of detection of 0.58 μM, 0.96 μM and 18 nM, respectively. 2010 © The Japan 

Society for Analytical Chemistry. 

No.1120 

Author (s) : Rangkadilok, N.; Pholphana, N.; Mahidol, C.; Wongyai, W.; Saengsooksree, K.; Nookabkaew, S.; Satayavivad, J. 

Title : Variation of sesamin, sesamolin and tocopherols in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seeds and oil products in Thailand 

Source : FOOD CHEMISTRY, Volume: 122, Issue: 3, Pages: 724-730, DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.03.044, Published: OCT 1 2010 


Keywords : Sesame seed; Sesamin; Sesamolin; Tocopherol; HPLC; Sesame oil 

Abstract : Sesame (Sesamum indicum L) seed and oil contain abundant lignans, including sesamin, sesamolin and lignan glycosides. The 

aim of the present study was to determine sesamin, sesamol in and tocopherol contents in sesame seed and oil available in 

Thailand. The results showed that there was a large variation of sesamin and sesamolin contents in products. The distribution 

plot of sesamin and sesamolin contents in seeds showed that the mean values of sesamin and sesamolin were 1.55 mg/g 

(SD= 1.63; range n.d.-7.23 mg/g) and 0.62 mg/g (SD = 0.48; range n.d.-2.25 mg/g), respectively. The range of total tocopherols 

of these sesame lines was 50.9-211 mu g/g seed. In commercial sesame oils, the ranges of sesamin and sesamolin were 0.93- 

2.89 mg/g oil and 0.30-0.74 mg/g oil, respectively, and tocopherol contents were 304-647 mu g oil. The study reveals the 

extensive variability in sesamin, sesamolin and tocopherol contents among sesame products. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights 

reserved. 

No.1121 

Author (s) : Ratanamart, J., Huggins, C.G., Shaw, J.A.M. 

Titl : Transgene expression in mononuclear muscle cells not infiltrating inflammatory cells following intramuscular plasmid gene 

electrotransfer 

Source : Journal of Gene Medicine, Volume 12, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 377-384 


Keywords : Electroporation; Immune response; Inflammation; Muscle-targeted gene transfer; Plasmid 

Abstract : Background: In situ electroporation-assisted intramuscular plasmid DNA delivery offers high efficiency for therapeutic protein 

replacement. Expression may be impaired by an immune response against the plasmid or transgenic protein. Expression of 

the transgene in non-muscle cells may increase the immune response. Gene transfer efficiency and phenotypic identification 

of intramuscular transgene-expressing mononuclear cells was studied following electroporation-mediated plasmid delivery. 

Methods: Plasmids expressing β-galactosidase (pVR1012-βgal) or enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) (pVR1012-eGFP) 

were electrotransferred into rat tibialis anterior muscles. Both transfection efficiency and the inflammatory response were 

determined in pVR1012-βgal-injected muscles by β-galactosidase and haematoxylin and eosin staining of muscles 7 days 

post-plasmid injection. Muscles injected with pVR1012-eGFP were stained for CD3, CD68 and desmin at 24 and 48 h postinjection 

to determine whether mononuclear cells expressing eGFP were of immune or myogenic origin. Results: With 

electroporation, β-galactosidase expression was significantly enhanced by up to ten-fold compared to plasmid injection 

without electroporation. A large area of regenerating muscle fibres and inflammatory cell infiltration was found in 

electroporated plasmid-injected muscle. No eGFP expression was found in CD3- or CD68-positive cells. Small mononuclear 

cells expressing eGFP showed negative staining for CD3 and CD68, but all stained positive for desmin. Conclusions: In situ 

electroporation enhanced transfection efficiency of plasmid DNA delivery into muscle. Alongside its advantage for improving 

gene transfer, electroporation led to an increased inflammatory response and muscle damage. Mononuclear cells in muscle 

were transfected with plasmid and expressed the transgene. These cells were of myogenic origin with no evidence of 

transgene expression in infiltrating inflammatory cells. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 

408


No.1122 

Author (s) : Ratanarapee, S., Nualyong, C. 

Title : Acute appendicitis as primary symptom of prostatic adenocarcinoma: Report of a case 



Keywords : Appendicitis; Metastatic prostatic carcinoma; Prostatic adenocarcinoma 

Abstract : The most common disease of appendix is acute appendicitis. There have been at least 20 case reports of metastasisinduced 

appendicitis in English literature. The authors reported a 62-year-old Thai man who underwent appendectomy due to 

classical symptoms and signs of acute appendicitis and was subsequently referred to Siriraj Hospital for proper management 

after a pathological report of metastatic adenocarcinoma to the appendix. By morphology, the primary site was thought to be 

the prostate gland. Confirmation was done based on serum PSA study, transrectal ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy, and 

review of the material from Hua Hin Hospital. Orchidectomy was performed with satisfactory outcome. The patient was doing 

well for two years before upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage and obstructive jaundice caused by another aggressive tumor 

developed. He died of the second tumor associated with subsequent renal failure in spite of good response to orchidectomy. 

No.1123 

Author (s) : Ratanarapee, S., Uiprasertkul, M., Pradniwat, K., Soontrapa, S. 

Title : Villous adenoma of the urinary bladder: A case report 



Keywords : Bladder adenoma; Cystitis glandularis; Villous adenoma 

Abstract : Villous adenomas of the urinary tract are rare, in contrast to urothelial neoplasms. Most reports were scattered individual 

cases. Only two case series of this entity have been published. The histopathology is identical to that of the much more 

common villous adenoma of the gastrointestinal tract. The authors reported a case of urinary bladder villous adenoma in a 

41-year-old Thai patient who complained of hematuria for one day without any other symptom. Cystoscopic examination 

revealed a papillary growth at the bladder neck associated with marked degree of bullous edema and bilateral mild 

hydroureters. The clinical diagnosis was urothelial carcinoma. Transurethral resection was performed. Histologic examination 

revealed typical features of villous adenoma. The tumor showed identical immunohistochemical profile to colonic villous 

adenoma. The patient has been well for more than a year after tumor removal. 

No.1124 

Author (s) : Ratanarat, R., Promsin, P., Srivijitkamol, A., Leemingsawat, C., Permpikul, C. 

Title : Diagnosis of corticosteroid insufficiency in Thai patients with septic shock. 



Keywords : corticotropin, diagnostic agent, hydrocortisone, vasoconstrictor agent; adrenal 

insufficiency, adult, aged, article, blood, endocrine function test, female, fluid therapy, follow up, human, hypophysis adrenal 

system, hypothalamus hypophysis system, male, methodology, middle aged, mortality, pathophysiology, prospective 

study, sensitivity and specificity, septic shock, Thailand; Adrenal Cortex Function Tests, Adrenal 

Insufficiency, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Adult, Aged, Female, Fluid Therapy, Follow-Up Studies, Hospital 

Mortality, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Male, Middle Aged, Pituitary-Adrenal 

System, Prospective Studies, Sensitivity and Specificity, Shock, Septic, Thailand, Vasoconstrictor Agents 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: The reported incidence of critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency (CIRCI) varies widely, depending on 

the patient population studied and the diagnostic criteria used. Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines suggest that 

corticosteroid therapy should be considered for adult septic shock when hypotension responds poorly to adequate fluid 

resuscitation and vasopressors, regardless of any results of diagnostic tests. However, steroid treatment may be associated 

with an increase risk of infection. This study aims to identify the best diagnostic tool for predicting responsiveness to 

corticosteroid therapy in Thai septic shock patients with poorly responsive to fluid resuscitation and vasopressors. MATERIAL 

AND METHOD: Twenty-nine septic shock patients who were poorly responsive to fluid therapy and vasopressors were studied. 

A baseline serum total cortisol was measured in all patients and then 250 mcg corticotropin was injected to patients. Cortisol 

level was obtained 30 and 60 minutes after injection. All patients were given hydrocortisone (100 mg i.v., then 200 mg i.v. in 

24 hrs for at least 5 days). Patients were considered steroid responsive if vasopressor agent could be discontinued within 48 

409


hrs after the first dose of hydrocortisone. RESULTS: Hospital mortality was 62% in which 45% of the patients were steroid 

responsive. Baseline serum cortisol was 27.6 +/- 11.4 microg/dl in the steroid-responsive patients compared with 40 +/- 16.9 

microg/dl in the steroid-nonresponsive patients (p = 0.03). The area under the ROC curves for predicting steroid 

responsiveness was 0.72 for baseline cortisol level. Serum cortisol level of 35 microg/dl or less was the most accurate 

diagnostic threshold to determine hemodynamic response to hydrocortisone treatment (p = 0.04). Using baseline cortisol 

level of < or = 35 microg/dl to diagnose adrenal insufficiency, the sensitivity was 85%, the specificity was 62% and the 

accuracy was 72%. A use of (delta cortisol) showed sensitivity of 50%, specificity of 30% and accuracy of 41%. CONCLUSION: 

Baseline cortisol level < or = 35 microg/dl is a useful diagnostic threshold for diagnosis of steroid responsiveness in Thai 

patients with septic shock and ACTH stimulation test should not be used. 

No.1125 

Author (s) : Rattanachitthawat, S., Suwannalert, P., Riengrojpitak, S., Chaiyasut, C., Pantuwatana, S. 

Title : Phenolic content and antioxidant activities in red unpolished Thai rice prevents oxidative stress in rats 

Source : Journal of Medicinal Plant Research, Volume 4, Issue 9, May 2010, Pages 796-801 


Keywords : Antioxidant; Oxidative stress; Phenolic compounds; Unpolished Thai rice 

Abstract : Radicals cause cellular damage and eventually progress to chronic diseases. Phenolic compounds play a crucial role in 

radicals scavenging. In this study, we investigated total anti-oxidant activities, total phenolic content and profiles in color 

strains of unpolished Thai rice. The level of malondialdehyde was also assayed in rats that consumed unpolished Thai rice. 

Red color strain had the highest antioxidant activities in all tests. It was also showed the highest phenolic content. 

Interestingly, total phenolic content was strongly correlated with all anti-oxidant in the methods used: 1,1-diphenyl-2picrylhydrazyl 

(r = 0.958, p < 0.01), 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (r = 0.966, p < 0.01) and ferric reducing 

antioxidant power (r = 0.992, p < 0.01). Malondialdehyde level in high and low dose treated groups were significantly lower 

than that in the control group of rats that consumed unpolished Thai rice. Red color of unpolished Thai rice, source of 

phenolic compounds, may play a crucial role in oxidative stress prevention. © 2010 Academic Journals. 

No.1126 

Author (s) : Rattanakul, C. 

Title : Effects of prolactin and time delay on bone resorption: Mathematical modeling approach 

Source : International Journal of Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences, 4 (3), pp. 203-211. 


Keywords : Bone resorption; Estrogen; Parathyroid hormone; Prolactin 

Abstract : A mathematical model is developed in order to investigate the effect of prolactin on the mechanism of bone formation and 

resorption. By applying the singular perturbation technique to our model, we then obtain the explicit conditions on the 

system parameters which ensure the existence of limit cycle behavior corresponding to the oscillatory behavior observed in 

the clinical data. Numerical simulations are then carried out to support our theoretical analysis. In addition, we extend our 

model to investigate the effects of estrogen and parathyroid hormone supplements in patients with osteoporosis. 

No.1127 

Author (s) : Rattanakul, C. 

Title : Mathematical modeling of bone formation and resorption: Effects of parathyroid hormone and prolactin 

Source : International Conference on Applied Mathematics, Simulation, Modelling - Proceedings, pp. 143-149. 


Keywords : Bone resorption; Mathematical model; Parathyroid hormone; Prolactin 

Abstract : We propose a mathematical model to describe the mechanism of bone formation and resorption based on the effects of 

parathyroid hormone and prolactin. The singular perturbation technique is then applied to analyze our model. We derived 

the explicit conditions on the system parameters which detect limit cycle behavior which mimics the oscillatory behavior 

observed in the clinical data. Finally, numerical investigation is carried out to support our theoretical analysis. 

No.1128 

Author (s) : Rattanakul, C., Lenbury, Y., Kongson, J., Triampo, W. 

Title : The dynamics of a nonlinear model of signal transduction in human under impulsive depressant drug treatment 

410


Source : Dynamic Systems and Applications, Volume 19, Issue 3-4, September 2010, Pages 651-666 



Abstract : A mathematical model of the signal transduction process, involving hormone coupled receptors and an inhibiting enzyme, 

under impulsive depressant treatment, is proposed and analyzed. We show that there is a stable periodic solution, at the 

vanishing density of the ligand bound receptors on the cell membrane and plasmalemma, when the impulsive period is less 

than some critical value. The conditions for permanence of the system are then given. Finally, it is shown that as the 

impulsive period increases beyond a certain critical value, the emergence of stable positive periodic solution may be 

observed under appropriate conditions on the system parameters. © Dynamic Publishers, Inc. 

No.1129 

Author (s) : Rattanapan, C., Kantachote, D., Yan, R., Boonsawang, P. 

Title : Hydrogen sulfide removal using granular activated carbon biofiltration inoculated with Alcaligenes faecalis T307 isolated from 

concentrated latex wastewater 

Source : International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation, Volume 64, Issue 5, August 2010, Pages 383-387 


Keywords : Alcaligenes faecalis; Biofiltration; Granular activated carbon; Hydrogen sulfide 

Abstract : A novel biofiltration of pure culture was developed for H2S removal from synthetic biogas using Alcaligenes faecalis T307 

immobilized on granular activated carbon (GAC) as packing materials. The effect of operating parameters, including inlet H2S 

concentration, H2S flow rate, air flow rate, and height of media on the removal efficiency, was evaluated, together with a 

product analysis during long-term operation. Besides, the kinetics analysis of biofiltration was also studied. The experiment 

was performed in three biofilters. Biofilters A and B were packed with 20 and 40 cm of A. faecalis T307 immobilized GAC, 

respectively. Biofilter C as a control set was packed with 40 cm of the GAC without cell immobilization. The result showed 

that H2S removal efficiency of biofilters with A. faecalis T307 immobilized GAC was higher than 95% at high inlet 

concentrations (200-4000 ppm). Moreover, the complete H2S removal (100%) was found in biofilters A and B at H2S and air 

flow rate of 35 and 5.86 l h-1, respectively. Product analysis of biofilters with A. faecalis T307 immobilized GAC was 

performed during the long-term operation (60 days). It was found that the major product was elemental sulfur and there was 

only a little of sulfate ions formed. In addition, the height of media did not significantly affect the H2S removal efficiency 

when the oxygen was sufficient at air flow rate of 5.8 l h-1. Furthermore, in kinetic analysis, the maximum removal rate and 

saturation constant of H2S were calculated to be Vm = 1.1 kg m-3 s-1 and Ks = 5.2 g m-3, respectively. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. 

No.1130 

Author (s) : Rattanaumpawan, P., Lorsutthitham, J., Ungprasert, P., Angkasekwinai, N., Thamlikitkul, V. 

Title : Randomized controlled trial of nebulized colistimethate sodium as adjunctive therapy of ventilator-associated pneumonia 

caused by gram-negative bacteria 

Source : Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Volume 65, Issue 12, December 2010, Article number dkq360, Pages 2645-2649 


Keywords : Colistin; Healthcare-associated pneumonia; Inhaled therapy 

Abstract : Background: Cases of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) due to multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii and 

Pseudomonas aeruginosa are common in hospitalized patients at Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. Parenteral colistimethate 

sodium (CMS) has been used for therapy of VAP caused by MDR A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa at Siriraj Hospital over the 

past few years, with modest favourable outcomes. Objectives: To determine whether nebulized CMS as adjunctive therapy of 

Gram-negative VAP was safe and beneficial. Methods: This was a randomized controlled study in 100 adults who developed 

Gram-negative VAP (clinical trial registration number: NCT00920270). All patients received systemic antibiotics according to the 

decisions of their responsible physicians. The patients were randomized to receive an additional 4 mL of nebulized sterile 

normal saline (NSS) (n=49) or nebulized CMS equivalent to 75 mg of colistin base in 4 mL of NSS (n=51) every 12 h until 

systemic antibiotic therapy of VAP was ended. Results: The baseline characteristics of the patients and conventional therapy 

of VAP in both groups were comparable. Most of the cases of VAP were caused by MDR A. baumannii and/or P. aeruginosa. 

All isolates of Gram-negative bacteria were susceptible to colistin. Favourable clinical outcome was 51.0% in the CMS group 

and 53.1% in the control group (P=0.84). Patients in the CMS group had significantly more favourable microbiological 

outcome when compared with patients in the control group (60.9% versus 38.2%, P=0.03). Bronchospasm was observed in 

7.8% of patients in the CMS group and in 2.0% of patients in the control group (P=0.36). Renal impairment was observed in 

411


25.5% of patients in the CMS group and in 22.4% of patients in the NSS group (P=0.82). Conclusions: Nebulized CMS as 

adjunctive therapy of Gram-negative VAP seems to be safe. However, a beneficial effect on clinical outcomes of adjunctive 

nebulized CMS for therapy of Gram-negative VAP was not ascertained. © The Author 2010. Published by Oxford University 

Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. 

No.1131 

Author (s) : Rattanaumpawan, P.; Sutha, P.; Thamlikitkul, V. 

Title : Effectiveness of drug use evaluation and antibiotic authorization on patients' clinical outcomes, antibiotic consumption, and 

antibiotic expenditures 

Source : AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL, Volume: 38, Issue: 1, Pages: 38-43, DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2009.04.288, Published: 



Keywords : Drug use evaluation; antibiotic authorization; antibiotic consumption; piperacillin/tazobactam; imipenem; meropenem 

Abstract : Background: Piperacillin/tazobactam, imipenem, and meropenem were inappropriately used in 50% of hospitalized patients 

at Siriraj Hospital. Siriraj Hospital administrators implemented drug use evaluation ( DUE) and antibiotic authorization for the 

aforementioned antibiotics beginning in August 2007. The objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of 

antibiotic authorization on patients' clinical outcomes, antibiotic consumption, and antibiotic expenditures. Methods: 

Hospitalized patients who were prescribed piperacillin/tazobactam, imipenem, or meropenem from August to November 

2007 were randomly allocated to antibiotic authorization group and no-authorization group. The data on clinical outcomes, 

antibiotic consumption, and antibiotic expenditures of the patients who received and who did not receive antibiotic 

authorization were compared. Results: The patients who received antibiotic authorization (512 prescriptions) had more 

favorable clinical outcomes (68.9% vs 60.5%, respectively, P < .01), shorter duration of target antibiotics (7.5 days vs 9.3 days, 

respectively, P < .01), shorter duration of all antibiotics (12.7 days vs 16.4 days, respectively, P < .01), and lower mortality 

because of infections (29.4% vs 35.4%, respectively, P = .05) than those who did not receive antibiotic authorization (516 

prescriptions). The costs of target antibiotics and all antibiotics in the authorization group were much less than those in the 

no-authorization group. The annual antibiotic cost savings from DUE and antibiotic authorization requirement could be 

extrapolated to US $862,704. Conclusion: DUE and antibiotic authorization are effective strategies in reducing antibiotic 

consumption and antibiotic expenditures without compromising the patients' clinical outcomes. 

No.1132 

Author (s) : Rattarasarn, C.; Leelawattana, R.; Soonthornpun, S. 

Title : Contribution of skeletal muscle mass on sex differences in 2-hour plasma glucose levels after oral glucose load in Thai 

subjects with normal glucose tolerance 

Source : METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL, Volume: 59, Issue: 2, Pages: 172-176, DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2009.06.029, 

Published: FEB 2010 


Keywords : CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; WOMEN; SENSITIVITY; 

METABOLISM; SECRETION; DISPOSAL; CRITERIA 

Abstract : Women have higher 2-hour plasma glucose levels after oral glucose challenge than men The smaller skeletal muscle mass in 

women may contribute to the higher postload glucose levels The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that the 

different amount of skeletal muscle mass between men and women contributed to sex difference in postload plasma 

glucose levels in subjects with normal glucose tolerance Forty-seven Thai subjects with normal glucose tolerance, 23 women 

and 24 age- and body mass index-matched men, were studied Body fat, abdominal fat, and appendages lean mass were 

measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry Skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity was determined by euglycemichyperinsulinemic 

clamp First-phase insulin secretion and hepatic insulin sensitivity were determined from oral glucose 

tolerance data beta-Cell function was estimated from the homeostasis model assessment of %B by the homeostasis model 

assessment 2 model Correlation and linear regression analysis were performed to identify factors contributing to variances of 

postload 2-hour plasma glucose levels This study showed that women had significantly higher 2-hour plasma glucose levels 

and smaller skeletal muscle mass than men. Measures of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity were not different between 

men and women. Male sex (r = -0.360, P = 013) and appendages lean mass (r = -0.411, P = 004) were negatively correlated 

with 2-hour plasma glucose, whereas log 2-hour insulin (r = 0571, P < 0001), total body fat (r = 0348, P = 016), and log 

abdominal fat (r = 0298, P = 042) were positively correlated with 2-hour plasma glucose The correlation of 2-hour plasma 

412


glucose and sex disappeared after adjustment for appendages lean mass By multivariate linear regression analysis, log 2-hour 

insulin (beta = 18 9, P < 0001), log 30-minute insulin (beta = -36.3, P = .001), appendages lean mass (beta = -1.0 x 10(-3), P = 

018), and hepatic insulin sensitivity index (beta = -17.3, P = -041) explained 54.2% of the variance of 2-hour plasma glucose In 

conclusion, the higher postload 2-hour plasma glucose levels in women was not sex specific but was in part a result of the 

smaller skeletal muscle mass The early insulin secretion, hepatic insulin sensitivity, and skeletal muscle mass were the 

significant factors negatively predicting 2-hour postload plasma glucose levels in Thai subjects with normal glucose tolerance 

(C) 2010 Elsevier Inc All rights reserved. 

No.1133 

Author (s) : Ravinetto, R., Mbonile, L., White, N. 

Title : Ethical criteria in clinical research in developing countries: Is there a global standard? 

Source : Giornale Italiano di Medicina Tropicale, Volume 15, Issue 1-4, January 2010, Pages 1-8 


Keywords : Clinical research; Developing countries; Ethics; Standards 

Abstract : Clinical researchers in developing countries face multiple challenges related to contextual constraints, poor regulation and 

vulnerability of trials' subjects. The World Health Organization issued in 1995 its Good Clinical Practices (GCP) Guidelines, 

setting globally applicable standards for clinical trials. Non-compliance with GCP principles leaves room for misconduct and 

abuse, while a rigid interpretation of GCP processes and procedures may unnecessarily increase the research costs and even 

prevent research relevant to public health from being carried out. Ethical principles and scientific standards governing 

research are universal and should be adopted everywhere, to ensure persons' protection and data's reliability, while avoiding 

any North-South ethical divide. However, principles should be translated into simple and effective processes and procedures, 

which ensure quality of the research and subjects' protection, without putting unnecessary obstacles to public-health 

oriented research. It is time to "reinvent" GCP, by updating the 1995 WHO Guidelines in light of the 15-year experience of 

worldwide implementation. The revision should include old and new stakeholders (including academic institutions from the 

South and the North, NGOs, public-private partnerships, donors, patients associations etc.) and could, by making clearer 

distinction between essential and procedural requirements, help researchers and sponsors to design new patient-centered 

tools and practices. 

No.1134 

Author (s) : Rawdaree, P., Deerochanawong, C., Peerapatdit, T., Thongtang, N., Suwanwalaikorn, S., Khemkha, A., Benjasuratwong, Y., 

Boonyavarakul, A., Chetthakul, T., Leelawattana, R., Ngarmukos, C., Viwatwongkasem, C., Pratipanawatr, T., Kosachunhanun, N. 

Title : Efficacy and safety of generic and original pioglitazone in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A multicenter, a double-blinded, 

randomized-controlled study 



Keywords : Diabetes mellitus; Generic; Pioglitazone; Thiazolidinedione; Type 2 

Abstract : Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of generic (Utmos®) and original (Actos®) 30 mg Pioglitazone tablets. Study 

design: A multicenter, parallel randomized, double-blinded, controlled study. Material and Method: Type 2 diabetic patients, 

with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥ 7.0%, who received Metformin not less than 1,000 mg/day over three months were 

recruited. Patients were randomized to receive either generic or original Pioglitazone 30 mg/day for 24 weeks. Results: Eightyfive 

patients were enrolled, forty-four patients received generic Pioglitazone and forty-one received original Pioglitazone. 

There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between generic and original Pioglitazone group. There were 

significantly reduced HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and significantly increased HDL-cholesterol from baseline (p < 

0.0001) without statistically differences between the two groups. Headache and edema were found in both groups at 

comparable rates (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Generic Pioglitazone (Utmos®) is effective in controlling blood glucose and has 

similar effects on lipid profile as the original one. Both generic (Utmos®) and original (Actos®) 30 mg Pioglitazone tablets 

were not different in the efficacy and safety profiles. 

No.1135 

Author (s) : Reiling, L., Richards, J.S., Fowkes, F.J.I., Barry, A.E., Triglia, T., Chokejindachai, W., Michon, P., Tavul, L., Siba, P.M., Cowman, A.F., 

Mueller, I., Beeson, J.G. 

Title : Evidence that the erythrocyte invasion ligand PfRh2 is a target of protective immunity against Plasmodium falciparum malaria 

413


Source : Journal of Immunology, Volume 185, Issue 10, 15 November 2010, Pages 6157-6167 


Keywords : antimalarial agent, genomic DNA, immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin G1, immunoglobulin G2, immunoglobulin 

G3, immunoglobulin G4, ligand, merozoite surface protein 2, monoclonal antibody, Plasmodium falciparum reticulocyte 

binding homolog 2a protein, Plasmodium falciparum reticulocyte binding homolog 2b protein, protozoal protein, recombinant 

protein, unclassified drug; amino terminal sequence, antigenicity, article, cell invasion, cell mediated cytotoxicity, cluster 

analysis, cohort analysis, controlled study, erythrocyte, genetic polymorphism, haplotype, immunity, malaria 

falciparum, nonhuman, nucleotide sequence, Papua New Guinea, parasitemia, phagocytosis, Plasmodium falciparum, priority 

journal, protection, protein expression, protein function, protein targeting, reinfection, sequence analysis; Adolescent, Amino 

Acid Sequence, Antibodies, Protozoan, Antigens, Protozoan, Base Sequence, Child, Cluster Analysis, Enzyme-Linked 

Immunosorbent Assay, Genes, Protozoan, Haplotypes, Humans, Malaria, Falciparum, Molecular Sequence Data, Polymerase 

Chain Reaction, Polymorphism, Genetic, Protozoan Proteins 

Abstract : Abs targeting blood-stage Ags of Plasmodium falciparum are important in acquired immunity to malaria, but major targets 

remain unclear. The P. falciparum reticulocyte-binding homologs (PfRh) are key ligands used by merozoites during invasion of 

erythrocytes. PfRh2a and PfRh2b are functionally important members of this family and may be targets of protective 

immunity, but their potential role in human immunity has not been examined. We expressed eight recombinant proteins 

covering the entire PfRh2 common region, as well as PfRh2a-and PfRh2b-specific regions. Abs were measured among a cohort 

of 206 Papua New Guinean children who were followed prospectively for 6 mo for reinfection and malaria. At baseline, Abs 

were associated with increasing age and active infection. High levels of IgG to all PfRh2 protein constructs were strongly 

associated with protection from symptomatic malaria and high-density parasitemia. The predominant IgG subclasses were IgG1 

and IgG3, with little IgG2 and IgG4 detected. To further understand the significance of PfRh2 as an immune target, we 

analyzed PfRh2 sequences and found that polymorphisms are concentrated in an N-terminal region of the protein and seem 

to be under diversifying selection, suggesting immune pressure. Cluster analysis arranged the sequences into two main groups, 

suggesting that many of the haplotypes identified may be antigenically similar. These findings provide evidence suggesting 

that PfRh2 is an important target of protective immunity in humans and that Abs act by controlling blood-stage parasitemia 

and support its potential for vaccine development. Copyright © 2010 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. 

No.1136 

Author (s) : Rerks-Ngarm, S., Pitisuttithum, P., Ganguly, N., Zhang, L., Tamashiro, H., Cooper, D.A., Vun, M.C., Bela, B., Ditangco, R., Van Kinh, 

N., Bernstein, A., Osmanov, S., Mathieson, B., Kent, S.J., Shao, Y. 

Title : Defining the objectives of the AIDS vaccine for Asia network: Report of the WHO-UNAIDS/Global HIV vaccine enterprise 

regional consultation on expanding AIDS vaccine research and development capacity in Asia 

Source : Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS, Volume 5, Issue 5, September 2010, Pages 435-452 


Keywords : Human immunodeficiency virus vaccine; acquired immune deficiency syndrome, Asia, cellular immunity, clinical trial, health 

care planning, health care policy, human, Human immunodeficiency virus prevalence, priority journal, review, vulnerable 

population, world health organization; AIDS Vaccines, Asia, Biomedical Research, Clinical Trials as Topic, Drug Discovery, HIV 

Infections, Humans, International Cooperation 


No.1137 

Author (s) : Rerks-Ngarm, S.; Premsri, N.; Namwat, C.; Pitisutthithum, P.; Nitayaphan, S.; Kaewkungwal, J.; Kingko, P.; Jirasethasiri, M.; Paris, R.; 

Chiu, J.; Kim, J.; Khamboonruang, C.; Thongchareon, P.; Kunasol, P. 

Title : Community Engagement: Experience from the Thai Phase III Prime-Boost HIV Vaccine Trial, RV144 





No.1138 

Author (s) : Reutrakul, V., Anantachoke, N., Pohmakotr, M., Jaipetch, T., Yoosook, C., Kasisit, J., Napaswa, C., Panthong, A., Santisuk, T., 

Prabpai, S., Kongsaeree, P., Tuchinda, P. 

414


Title : Anti-HIV1 and anti-inflammatory lupanes from the leaves, twigs, and resin of garcinia hanburyi 



Keywords : AntiHIV1; Antiinflammatory; Garcinia hanburyi; Guttiferae; Lupanes 

Abstract : Two new lupanes, 2-acetoxy-3-hydroxy-19-hydrogen-lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid (2-acetoxyalphitolic acid) (1) and 2-hydroxy-3acetoxy-19-hydrogen-lup-20(29)- 

en-28-oic acid (3-acetoxyalphitolic acid) (2), together with the known betulinic acid (3), 

betulin (4), and stimasterol-3-O - D-glucopyranoside (5), were isolated from the leaves and twigs of Garcinia hanburyi. 

Compounds 13 were also isolated from the resin of this plant. The structure of 2 was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray 

diffraction analysis. All of the lupanes (14) displayed anti-HIV1 activities in the anti-HIV1 reverse transcriptase (ICvalues 

16.3116.9g/mL) and syncytium assays (EC5.673.6g/mL, SI 1.73.3). Moreover compounds 14 exhibited anti-inflammatory activity 

in an ethyl phenylpropiolate (EPP)-induced ear edema model. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart New York. 

No.1139 

Author (s) : Rey, D.A., Strickland, A.D., Kirui, D., Niamsiri, N., Batt, C.A. 

Title : In vitro self-assembly of gold nanoparticle-coated poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) granules exhibiting plasmon-induced thermooptical 

enhancements 

Source : ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, Volume 2, Issue 7, 28 July 2010, Pages 1804-1810 


Keywords : enhanced fluorescence; gold nanoparticles; near-infrared; poly(3-hydroxybutyrate); polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase; selfassembly; 

surface enhanced Raman scattering; thermo-optical 

Abstract : Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthase attached to gold nanoparticles (AuNP) produce poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) upon the 

addition of 3-hydroxybutyrate- CoA, and then coalesce to form micrometer-sized AuNP-coated PHB granules. These AuNPcoated 

PHB granules are potential theranostic agents that have enhanced imaging capabilities and are capable of heating 

upon near-infrared laser irradiation. The AuNP-coated PHB exhibited 11-fold enhancement in surface-enhanced Raman 

scattering over particles prior polymerization. Stained AuNP-coated PHB exhibited a 6-fold enhancement in fluorescence 

intensity as well as a 1.3-fold decrease in photobleaching rate compared to PHB granules alone. The granules were also 

shown to emit heat when illuminated at 808 nm with a 3.9-fold increase in heating rate compared to particles alone. © 2010 


No.1140 

Author (s) : Rhucharoenpornpanich, O., Chamratrithirong, A., Fongkaew, W., Rosati, M.J., Miller, B.A., Cupp, P.K. 

Title : Parenting and adolescent problem behaviors: A comparative study of sons and daughters in Thailand 



Keywords : Delinquency; Parenting; Problem behavior; Risk behavior; Thai adolescents 

Abstract : Objective: Investigates parenting practices and the reported sexual and delinquent behaviors among Thai adolescents, by 

focusing on the difference between sons and daughters. Material and Method: Data were derived from 420 families whose 

adolescents aged 13-14 were randomly selected from seven districts in Bangkok using the probability proportional to size 

(PPS) method. Interviews were conducted with one parent and one adolescent. Results: Female adolescents reported higher 

levels of parental monitoring, parental rules, communication about sex, and parental disapproval of sex, as compared to 

males. There were no gender differences in the reported sexual and delinquent behaviors among the adolescents. For males, 

high levels of parental monitoring, greater perception of parent disapproval of sex, and being raised by authoritative parents 

were associated with less delinquent behaviors. Among females, parental monitoring and parental closeness served as 

protective factors against sexual and delinquent behaviors. Conclusion: The findings from the present study point to the 

importance of promoting family institution and parents' childrearing. These findings should be useful for developing a body of 

knowledge and understanding on adolescent rearing among Thai parents. 

No.1141 

Author (s) : Ridruechai, C., Mahasirimongkol, S., Phromjai, J., Yanai, H., Nishida, N., Matsushita, I., Ohashi, J., Yamada, N., Moolphate, S., 

Summanapan, S., Chuchottaworn, C., Manosuthi, W., Kantipong, P., Kanitvittaya, S., Sawanpanyalert, P., Keicho, N., Khusmith, 

S., Tokunaga, K. 

Title : Association analysis of susceptibility candidate region on chromosome 5q31 for tuberculosis 

415


Source : Genes and Immunity, Volume 11, Issue 5, July 2010, Pages 416-422 


Keywords : chromosome 5q31; family-based association test; Thais; tuberculosis 

Abstract : Chromosome 5q31 spans the T helper (Th) 2-related cytokine gene cluster, which is potentially important in Th1/Th2 

immune responses. The chromosome 5q23.2-31.3 has been recently identified as a region with suggestive evidence of linkage 

to tuberculosis in the Asian population. With the aim of fine-mapping a putative tuberculosis susceptibility locus, we 

investigated a family-based association test between the dense single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers within 

chromosome 5q31 and tuberculosis in 205 Thai trio families. Of these, 75 SNPs located within candidate genes covering 

SLC22A4, SLC22A5, IRF1, IL5, RAD50, IL13, IL4, KIF3A and SEPT8 were genotyped using the DigiTag2 assay. Association analysis 

revealed the most significant association with tuberculosis in haplotypes comprising SNPs rs274559, rs274554 and rs274553 of 

SLC22A5 gene (PGlobal 2.02 × 10-6), which remained significant after multiple testing correction. In addition, two haplotypes 

within the SLC22A4 and KIF3A region were associated with tuberculosis. Haplotypes of SLC22A5 were significantly associated 

with the expression levels of RAD50 and IL13. The results show that the variants carried by the haplotypes of SLC22A4, 

SLC22A5 and KIF3A region potentially contribute to tuberculosis susceptibility among the Thai population. © 2010 Macmillan 

Publishers Limited All rights reserved. 

No.1142 

Author (s) : Riedl, J., Wernsdorfer, G., Congpuong, K., Wiedermann, U., Sirichaisinthop, J., Wernsdorfer, W.H. 

Title : Synergism between pyronaridine and retinol in Plasmodium vivax in vitro 



Keywords : Plasmodium vivax; Pyronaridine; Retinol; Synergism 

Abstract : Estimates of the annual number of infections with Plasmodium vivax reach 391 million. So far the blood-schizontocidal 

therapy with chloroquine remained effective in most parts of the world, but reports about emerging resistance are increasing. 

The study had the objective of determining the pharmacodynamic interaction between pyronaridine and retinol in 

Plasmodium vivax, since pyronaridine is a potential alternative for chloroquine and an earlier study had shown strong 

synergism between pyronaridine and retinol in Plasmodium falciparum. The study was conducted at the Malaria Clinic of Mae 

Sot, Tak Province, Thailand, near the border to Myanmar. The in vitro observations followed the method of Tasanor. 

Successful tests were performed with 44 isolates. The mean IC50, IC90 and IC99 values for pyronaridine were 9.8, 2069.6 and 

162446.5 nM. The mean IC50, IC90 and IC99 values for the combinations with retinol (corresponding to the 50th, 65th and 

80th percentile of the physiological retinol levels in healthy adults) were 1.7, 542.8 and 59379.5 nM for pyronaridine + retinol 

"low", for the combination with retinol "medium" they were 0.5, 313.7 and 58891.4 nM and for the combination with retinol 

"high" they were 0.2, 96.7 and 16754.3 nM. These results suggest strong synergism between the two substances. © 2010 


No.1143 

Author (s) : Rienhoff, Hugh Y., Jr.; Viprakasit, Vip; Tay, Lay H.; Harmatz, Paul; Vichinsky, Elliott; Chirnomas, Deborah; Kwiatkowski, Janet; 

Tapper, Amy E.; Porter, John B.; Neufeld, Ellis J. 

Title : A Phase 1B Dose-Escalation Study to Assess the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of FBS0701, a 

Novel Oral Iron Chelator for the Treatment of Chronic Iron Overload. 





No.1144 

Author (s) : Riewpaiboon, A., Nuchprayoon, I., Torcharus, K., Indaratna, K., Thavorncharoensap, M., Ubol, B.-O. 

Title : Economic burden of beta-thalassemia/Hb e and beta-thalassemia major in Thai children 



Abstract : Background. Hemoglobin E beta-thalassemia (-thalassemia/Hb E) has a variable severity, and the cost of treatment has not 

been well studied. The aim of this study was to analyze the societal cost of caring for children with -thalassemias in Thailand. 

416


The study was designed as a prevalence-based cost-of-illness analysis in a societal perspective. Medical records from three 

public hospitals of children aged 2-18 years with -thalassemia/Hb E and homozygous -thalassemia were reviewed for direct 

medical cost determination. For direct non-medical cost and indirect cost, a family member was interviewed. Findings. It was 

found that 201 patients with -thalassemia/Hb E (91%) and homozygous -thalassemia (9%) were recruited for this study. 

Ninety-two (46%) were severe thalassemia and 109 (54%) were mild to moderate severity. The annual average cost of 

treatment was US$950; 59% was direct medical cost, 17% direct non-medical cost, and 24% indirect cost. The costs were 

differentiated by some potential predictors. Significant predictor variables were: Hospital, health insurance scheme, blood 

transfusion pattern, and iron chelation drug use. Conclusions. The average annual cost per patient was calculated, and the 

cost model was estimated. These would be applied for national planning, economic evaluation of treatment and prevention 

interventions, and budget impact analysis. © 2010 Riewpaiboon et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.1145 

Author (s) : Riewpaiboon, A.; Koopitakkajorn, T.; Kumluang, S.; Chaikledkaew, U.; Khiaocharoen, O. 

Title : DEVELOPMENT OF STANDARD COST LIST FOR ECONOMIC EVALUATION IN THAILAND 





No.1146 

Author (s) : Rirattanapong, P., Smutkeeree, A., Surarit, R., Saendsirinavin, C., Kunanantsak, V. 

Title : Effects of fluoride dentifrice on remineralization of demineralized primary enamel 



Keywords : Demineralization; Dentrifice; Fluoride; Remineralization 

Abstract : This study was performed to compare the remineralizing effects of various concentrations of fluoride containing dentifrices 

against artificial demineralization of primary enamel. One hundred twenty primary incisors were partly covered with a nail 

varnish, leaving a lxl mm window, then placed in demineralizing solution for 96 hours to produce artificial carious lesions 60- 

100 μm in depth. They were assigned to 8 groups (A to H; n=15). Groups A-D were exposed to a half pea-sized portion of 

dentifrice (0.16 g) and groups E-H were exposed to a pea-sized portion of dentifrice (0.32 g), both groups with fluoride 

concentrations of 0, 250, 500 and 1,000 ppm. The pH-cycling method was carried out for 7 days, then the teeth were cut 

through the lesions and examined under a polarized light microscope; photographs were taken and analyzed. Lesion depth 

was measured using a computerized method using the Image-Pro ® Plus Program. The results were analyzed using the One 

way ANOVA and LSD tests. The mean lesion depth in the 2 non-fluoridated control groups (A and E) were significantly deeper 

than in the fluoridated groups. There were no differences found between the half peasized and pea-sized dentifrice. 

No.1147 

Author (s) : Ritprajak, P., Hashiguchi, M., Tsushima, F., Chalermsarp, N., Azuma, M. 

Title : Keratinocyte-associated B7-H1 directly regulates cutaneous effector CD8+ T cell responses 

Source : Journal of Immunology, Volume 184, Issue 9, 1 May 2010, Pages 4918-4925 


Keywords : cytokeratin 14, gamma interferon, hapten, programmed death 1 ligand 1, apoptosis regulatory protein, autacoid, B7 

antigen, leukocyte antigen, membrane protein, PDCD1 protein, human, Pdcd1lg1 protein, mouse, peptide; animal cell, animal 

experiment, animal model, apoptosis, article, CD4+ T lymphocyte, CD8+ T lymphocyte, cell migration, cell proliferation, cell 

stimulation, contact allergy, controlled study, cytokine production, dendritic cell, down regulation, gene 

overexpression, immune response, immunoregulation, keratinocyte, lymph node, lymphocyte 

function, mouse, nonhuman, priority journal, promoter region, protein expression, skin sensitization, transgenic 

mouse, animal, Bagg albino mouse, biosynthesis, C57BL mouse, cell culture, contact 

dermatitis, genetics, human, immunology, leukemia cell line, metabolism, pathology, physiology, skin; Animals, Antigens, 

CD, Antigens, CD80, Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Cells, Cultured, Dermatitis, Contact, Down- 

Regulation, Humans, Inflammation Mediators, Jurkat Cells, Keratin-14, Keratinocytes, Membrane Glycoproteins, Mice, Mice, 

Inbred BALB C, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Transgenic, Peptides, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Skin 

417


Abstract : Keratinocytes (KCs) may play important roles for maintenance of peripheral tolerance in the upper layers of the skin. 

Coinhibitory signals mediated via the programmed death (PD)-1 and its ligand B7-H1 (PD-L1/CD274) are crucial for the 

downregulation of T cell immune responses and for the maintenance of peripheral tolerance. In this study, to investigate the 

role of KC-expressed B7-H1 in the regulation of T cell immune responses, we generated transgenic (tg) mice overexpressing 

B7-H1 under the control of keratin 14 (K14) promoter (K14-B7-H1 tg). K14-B7-H1 tg mice displayed impaired contact 

hypersensitivity (CH) responses to primary and secondary hapten challenges. The K14-B7-H1 tg mice did not exhibit 

substantial impairment of cutaneous dendritic cell migration after sensitization and of hapten-specific proliferation and IFN-γ 

production of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the draining lymph nodes, suggesting that overexpression of B7-H1 on KCs did not 

affect the induction phase of the CH response. The systemic or s.c. injection of hapten-sensitized T cells into the K14-B7-H1 

tg mice did not efficiently induce the CH response. IFN-γ expression and apoptosis of KCs in the challenged ears were 

impaired in K14-B7-H1 tg mice. IFN-γ production by presensitized CD8+ T cells stimulated with hapten-pulsed KCs was 

markedly impaired for the KCs obtained from the K14-B7-H1 tg mice but was restored by the addition of an anti-B7-H1 mAb. 

These results suggest that KC-associated B7-H1 directly downregulates the effector function of CD8+ T cells by associating 

with PD-1 at local inflammatory sites and that it plays a role in peripheral T cell tolerance against exogenous Ags. Copyright © 

2010 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. 

No.1148 

Author (s) : Riyajan, S.-A., Sakdapipanich, J.T. 

Title : Characterization of biodegradable semi-interpenetrating polymer based on poly(vinyl alcohol) and sodium alginate containing 

natural neem (Azadirachta indica) for controlled release application 

Source : Polymer International, Volume 59, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 1130-1140 


Keywords : Biodegradable polymer; Encapsulation; IPN; Neem; PVA; Sodium alginate 

Abstract : A biodegradable novel semi-interpenetrating polymer network based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and sodium alginate 

containing neem (Azadirachta indica) in the presence of azadirachtin-A (neem Aza-A) as well as glutaraldehyde as a 

crosslinking agent was prepared for use in the controlled released of neem Aza-A. This is necessary because neem Aza-A is 

not stable in the environment. The neem Aza-A-containing beads were prepared using various experimental parameters, such 

as the extent of crosslinking and the amount of loading, in order to optimize the process variables. The chemical structure of 

the capsule wall was evaluated through X-ray diffraction. In addition, the swelling behaviour of the capsules and their 

thermal stability were investigated. The strength of the capsule wall depended on the PVA in the matrix and the crosslinking 

density. Scanning electron microscopy, electron probe microanalysis and atomic force microscopy data indicated that the 

structure of the bead walls is rough and nonporous. Swelling results indicated that swelling of the polymeric beads decreases 

with increasing exposure time to the crosslinking agent. At particular intervals, the remaining concentration of neem Aza-A was 

analysed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The release data were fitted to an empirical equation to estimate 

the kinetic parameters. The degree of release of neem Aza-A was controlled by the parameter conditions. © 2010 Society of 

Chemical Industry. 

No.1149 

Author (s) : Riyong, D., Waikagul, J., Panasoponkul, C., Choochote, W., Ito, A., Dekumyoy, P. 

Title : Size and charge antigens of Dirofilaria immitis adult worm for IgG-ELISA diagnosis of bancroftian filariasis 



Keywords : Column chromatography; Dirofilaria antigen; IgG-ELISA; Iso-electric focusing; Og4C3-ELISA 

Abstract : We used Dirofilaria immitis adult worm antigens to develop an IgG-ELISA, then used this to evaluate 30 serum samples of 

patients with proven Wuchereria bancrofti infection, 131 samples of patients with other parasitic diseases and 30 serum 

samples of healthy controls. The D. immitis antigen was prepared using two methods: Sephacryl S-200 chromatography and 

iso-electric focusing with a Rotofor cell. This was done to determine the best method for diagnosing W. bancrofti filariasis. 

Before fractionation, crude male D. immitis antigen yielded 100% sensitivity and 60.8% specificity, and crude female antigen 

yielded 80% sensitivity and 52.8% specificity, respectively, to detect W. bancrofti infection. After gel filtration chromatography, 

the male D. immitis antigen, called MP1, yielded 100% sensitivity and 95% specificity, and female D. immitis antigen, called 

FmP1, gave 100% sensitivity and 59.6% specificity, to detect W. bancrofti infection. Using iso-electricfocusing, both male and 

female crude D. immitis antigens (Iso-MF and Iso-FmF, respectively) were separated mechanically into 20 iso-fractions (F1-F20) 

418


each. By preliminary screening with ELISA, using pooled positive and negative sera, Iso-MF10, pH 7.5, and Iso-FmF14, pH 7.6, 

were selected. Iso-MF10 gave 100% sensitivity and 96.9% specificity, and Iso-FmF14 gave 100% sensitivity and 64% specificity. 

In the study, Og4C3-ELISA, for the detection of circulating filarial antigen, was also used to analyze these serum samples, it 

gave 87.6% sensitivity and 99.4% specificity to detect W. bancrofti infection. Male D. immitis antigens, MP1 and Iso-MF10, gave 

high sensitivity and specificity, and appear to be the best choices for use in an ELISA to diagnose bancroftian filariasis. 

No.1150 

Author (s) : Robinson, M.J., Erlwein, O.W., Kaye, S., Weber, J., Cingoz, O., Patel, A., Walker, M.M., Kim, W.-J., Uiprasertkul, M., Coffin, J.M., 

McClure, M.O. 

Title : Mouse DNA contamination in human tissue tested for XMRV 

Source : Retrovirology, Volume 7, 20 December 2010, Article number 108 


Keywords : mitochondrial DNA; article, controlled study, DNA contamination, DNA extraction, gene sequence, human, human tissue, long 

terminal repeat, major clinical study, male, mouse, nonhuman, nucleotide sequence, polymerase chain 

reaction, prevalence, prostate cancer, United States, Xenotropic MuLV related virus, animal, genetics, isolation and 

purification, molecular genetics, oncogene, prostate, prostate tumor, virology; Gammaretrovirus, Intracisternal Aparticles, 

Murinae, Xenotropic murine leukemia virus; Animals, Base Sequence, DNA Contamination, DNA, 

Mitochondrial, Genes, Intracisternal A-Particle, Humans, Male, Mice, Molecular Sequence Data, Polymerase Chain 

Reaction, Prostate, Prostatic Neoplasms, Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus 

Abstract : Background: We used a PCR-based approach to study the prevalence of genetic sequences related to a gammaretrovirus, 

xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus, XMRV, in human prostate cancer. This virus has been identified in the US in 

prostate cancer patients and in those with chronic fatigue syndrome. However, with the exception of two patients in 

Germany, XMRV has not been identified in prostate cancer tissue in Europe. Most putative associations of new or old human 

retroviruses with diseases have turned out to be due to contamination. We have looked for XMRV sequences in DNA 

extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin- embedded prostate tissues. To control for contamination, PCR assays to detect either 

mouse mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or intracisternal A particle (IAP) long terminal repeat DNA were run on all samples, owing 

to their very high copy number in mouse cells.Results: In general agreement with the US prevalence, XMRV-like sequences 

were found in 4.8% of prostate cancers. However, these were also positive, as were 21.5% of XMRV-negative cases, for IAP 

sequences, and many, but not all were positive for mtDNA sequences.Conclusions: These results show that contamination 

with mouse DNA is widespread and detectable by the highly sensitive IAP assay, but not always with less sensitive assays, 

such as murine mtDNA PCR. This study highlights the ubiquitous presence of mouse DNA in laboratory specimens and offers a 

means of rigorous validation for future studies of murine retroviruses in human disease. © 2010 Robinson et al; licensee 


No.1151 

Author (s) : Roekring, S., Smith, D.R. 

Title : Induction of apoptosis in densovirus infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes 

Source : Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, Volume 104, Issue 3, July 2010, Pages 239-241 


Keywords : Aedes; Apoptosis; Brevidensovirus; Caspase; Densovirus 

Abstract : The mechanism of death in densovirus infected mosquitoes remains unexplored. This study investigated the cellular 

consequences of densovirus infection in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes after a second generation challenge with a densovirus 

isolated from adult Aedes albopictus mosquitoes in Thailand (AThDNV). Specimens were analyzed by TUNEL assay, 

fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and a calorimic assay to detect activation of caspase 3-like activity. After challenge, 

moribund mosquitoes showed considerable evidence of TUNEL positive cells. The caspase 3-like activity assay showed that 

the presence of TUNEL positive cells was associated with increased levels of activated caspase 3-like activity in AThDNV 

infected mosquitoes. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. 

No.1152 

Author (s) : Rojanarata, T., Opanasopit, P., Ngawhirunpat, T., Saehuan, C., Wiyakrutta, S., Meevootisom, V. 

Title : A simple, sensitive and green bienzymatic UV-spectrophotometric assay of amoxicillin formulations 

Source : Enzyme and Microbial Technology, Volume 46, Issue 3-4, 5 March 2010, Pages 292-296 

419



Keywords : Amoxicillin; Enzymatic method; Spectrophotometry 

Abstract : A simple, fast, sensitive and inexpensive UV-spectrophotometric method for the determination of amoxicillin in 

pharmaceutical preparations has been developed based on two enzymatic reactions. In this method, d-4hydroxyphenylglycine 

side chain of amoxicillin was selectively cleaved off by penicillin acylase. Subsequently, it was reacted 

with 2-oxoglutarate, by the catalysis of d-phenylglycine aminotransferase, to yield the product with high UV absorption 

namely 4-hydroxybenzoylformate. The amount of amoxicillin was then determined as a change in absorbance at 335 nm. In 

this work, the assay conditions were studied and optimized and the method was validated. The calibration curve presented 

an excellent linearity with r2 of 0.9998 (0-100 μM amoxicillin). Detection and quantitation limits were 0.77 and 2.55 μM, 

respectively. Good accuracy and precision were obtained when the method was tested with amoxicillin capsules and powder 

for oral suspension. No interference from common excipients in the formulations or degradation products was observed. 

Finally, since all procedures were performed without the use of any organic solvents or hazardous chemicals which were 

detrimental to the environment and had a low consumption of reagents, this proposed assay was an ideal green analytical 

method suitable for the quality control of amoxicillin in pharmaceuticals. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 

No.1153 

Author (s) : Rojanarata, T.; Opanasopit, P.; Ngawhirunpat, T.; Saehuan, C.; Wiyakrutta, S.; Meevootisom, V. 

Title : Amoxicillin Assay Based on Penicillin Acylase and D-Phenylglycine Aminotransferase 

Source : JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY, Volume: 150, Supplement: 1, Pages: S427-S427, DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.09.596, Published: 





No.1154 

Author (s) : Rojchanaprasart, N., Chai-aroon, T., Phlainoi, N., Juntarashote, K. 

Title : Competency of small-scale fishers in fishery co-management 

Source : Kasetsart Journal - Social Sciences, Volume 31, Issue 3, September 2010, Pages 424-435 


Keywords : Competency; Fishery co-management; Small-scale fishers 

Abstract : This study aims to demonstrate the competency level of small-scale fishers for operating fishery comanagement. The study 

was conducted in three phases. The first phase deals with constructing and verifying competency model by reviewing 

literature to construct the initial model and in-depth interviewing with the fishery co-management experts. Phase II is 

competency assessment using questionnaires to interview smallscale fishers. A total of 392 fishers which comprised of 204 

and 188 persons from the upper and lower provinces on the Andaman coastline, respectively, were sampled. Finally, Phase III 

concerns with verifying the assessed results by expert focus-groups. Examination of each competency aspect revealed that, 

from the nine competencies, small-scale fishers in the upper province had knowledge of geo-ecological and local resource at 

a leading level which was higher than small-scale fishers in the lower province whose knowledge was at the application level. 

However, smallscale fishers in these provinces had the learning person competency at the beginner level. Considering all 

aspects of competency simultaneously by cluster analysis, it was found small-scale fishers could be divided into three 

groups: those who had knowledge of fishery law and geo-ecology but weak in experience; those who were learning person 

and had holistic thinking; and those who lacked volunteer spirit, leadership, and communication. The study suggests that the 

competency of small-scale fishers in fishery co-management which should be developed primarily is learning person, follow 

by holistic thinking, volunteer spirit, leadership, and communication competencies. 

No.1155 

Author (s) : Rojruthai, P., Sakdapipanich, J.T., Takahashi, S., Hyegin, L., Noike, M., Koyama, T., Tanaka, Y. 

Title : In vitro synthesis of high molecular weight rubber by Hevea small rubber particles 

Source : Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Volume 109, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 107-114 


Keywords : Biosynthesis; Hevea brasiliensis; Latex; Natural rubber; Rubber transferases; Small rubber particles 

Abstract : Hevea brasiliensis is one of few higher plants producing the commercial natural rubber used in many significant applications. 

The biosynthesis of high molecular weight rubber molecules by the higher plants has not been clarified yet. Here, the in vitro 

420


rubber biosynthesis was performed by using enzymatically active small rubber particles (SRP) from Hevea. The mechanism of 

the in vitro rubber synthesis was investigated by the molecular weight distribution (MWD). The highly purified SRP prepared by 

gel filtration and centrifugation in the presence of Triton® X-100 showed the low isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) incorporation 

for the chain extension mechanism of pre-existing rubber. The MWD of in vitro rubber elongated from the pre-existing rubber 

chains in SRP was analyzed for the first time in the case of H. brasiliensis by incubating without the addition of any initiator. 

The rubber transferase activity of 70% incorporation of the added IPP (w/w) was obtained when farnesyl diphosphate was 

present as the allylic diphosphate initiator. The in vitro synthesized rubber showed a typical bimodal MWD of high and low 

molecular weight fractions in GPC analysis, which was similar to that of the in vivo rubber with peaks at around 106 and 

105 Da or lower. The reaction time independence and dependence of molecular weight of high and low molecular weight 

fractions, respectively, indicated that the high molecular weight rubber was synthesized from the chain extension of preexisting 

rubber molecules whereas the lower one was from the chain elongation of rubber molecules newly synthesized from 

the added allylic substrates. © 2009 The Society for Biotechnology, Japan. 

No.1156 

Author (s) : Rojsanga, P., Sukhthankar, M., Krisanapun, C., Gritsanapan, W., Lawson, D.B., Baek, S.J. 

Title : In vitro anti-proliferative activity of alcoholic stem extract of coscinium fenestratum in human colorectal cancer cells 

Source : Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, Volume 1, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 181-186 


Keywords : Activating transcription factor 3; Coscinium fenestratum; Cyclin D1; Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-activated gene- 

1; Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ 

Abstract : Coscinium fenestratum (Gaertn.) Colebr. is traditionally used for the treatment of cancer, arthritis and diabetes mellitus. the 

purpose of this study was to determine the molecular mechanisms by which this plant shows benefcial effects. an 80% 

ethanolic extract of C. fenestratum (80et) was separated by its polarity into dichloromethane (DCM) and aqueous fractions 

(WF), and the anti-proliferative effects of 80et, dcm and WF were investigated. Berberine, one of the major components of C. 

fenestratum, was used as a control. the 80ET, DCM, WF and berberine showed anti-proliferative activity as assessed by cell 

growth assay. Subsequently, the pro-apoptotic proteins NAG-1 and ATF3 were increased and the cell cycle protein cyclin D1 

was decreased by the extract and its fractions. interestingly, only the DCM fraction exhibited the induction of peroxisome 

proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) binding activity, which represents a pro-apoptotic activity in colorectal cancer cells. 

the overall results of this study indicate that the extract from this plant has anti-proliferative activity through the activation of 

pro-apoptotic proteins and PPARγ, and may have potential as a preventive regimen in the treatment of cancer. 

No.1157 

Author (s) : Romphruk, A.V., Romphruk, A., Kongmaroeng, C., Klumkrathok, K., Paupairoj, C., Leelayuwat, C. 

Title : HLA class i and II alleles and haplotypes in ethnic Northeast Thais 

Source : Tissue Antigens, Volume 75, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 701-711 


Keywords : Ethnic Northeast Thais; Haplotypes; Human leukocyte antigen; Major histocompatibility complex 

Abstract : Allele frequencies (AFs) and haplotypic associations of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II were investigated in 400 

unrelated, healthy, ethnic Northeast Thais. HLA-A, -B, -Cw, -DRB1 and -DQB1 were typed by polymerase chain reactionsequence 

specific primer, -sequence specific oligonucleotide probe and -single-strand conformation polymorphism methods. 

In this population, 17 HLA-A, 26 HLA-B, 15 HLA-Cw, 26 HLA-DRB1 and 13 HLA-DQB1 alleles (or groups of alleles) were found. 

AFs > 10% included A*11 (23.3%), 24 (18.8%), 0207 (14.4%), 33 (11.5%), 0203 (10.6%); B*4601 (13.9%); Cw*07(01-03) (18.5%), 

01 (15.9%), 04 (12.0%), 0304 (10.6%); DRB1*1502 (18.5%), 1202 (13.4%); DQB1*0502 (20.3%), 0501 (16.3%), 0301 (14.1%) and 

02 (10.9%). The most common of 2-locus haplotypes included A*0207-B*4601 (9.3%), B*4601-Cw*01 (13.5%), B*5801- 

DRB1*0301 (5.8%) and DRB1*1502-DQB1*0501 (14.1%). Of the 49 five-locus HLA haplotypes identified, 24 were confirmed in 

31 family studies: the most common being; A*33-Cw*0302-B*5801-DRB1*0301-DQB1*02 (4.6%), A*0207-Cw*01-B*4601- 

DRB1*09-DQB1*0303 (3.4%) and A*33-Cw*07(01-03)-B*44-DRB1*07-DQB1*02 (2.6%). Apparently, the HLA-B*46-carrying 

haplotype is fragmented in ethnic Northeast Thais, including seven haplotypes with different HLA-A and HLA-DR/DQ 

combinations. One of these haplotypes (A*11-Cw*01-B*4601- DRB1*1202-DQB1*0502) has not been reported in other Asians. 

The results indicated that there were marked differences in the distribution of HLA alleles and haplotypes between ethnic 

Northeast Thais and other ethnic groups in Southeast and East Asia. These results also dictate that future studies of HLA 

alleles and diseases need precise identification of ethnically and geographically matched controls. The HLA allele and 

421


haplotype analyses in this large sample provide baseline information on ethnic Northeast Thais for anthropological studies 

and for determining HLA allele/haplotype frequencies when searching for HLA-compatible donors for unrelated bone marrow 

transplantation. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. 

No.1158 

Author (s) : Ronpirin, C.; Achariyakul, M.; Tencomnao, T.; Wongpiyabovorn, J.; Chaicumpa, W. 

Title : Up-regulation of Id1 in peripheral blood of psoriatic patients 

Source : GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH, Volume: 9, Issue: 4, Pages: 2239-2247, DOI: 10.4238/vol9-4gmr963, Published: 2010 


Keywords : PBMCs; Psoriasis; Gene expression analysis; Proliferation; Id1; mRNA 

Abstract : Although the precise causes of psoriasis are unclear, it is widely accepted that psoriasis is a disorder in which factors in the 

immune system, enzymes, and other biochemical substances that regulate skin cell division are impaired, leading to rapid 

proliferation of keratinocytes and incomplete keratinization. Expression of the helix-loop-helix transcription factor Id1 

(inhibitor of differentiation/DNA binding), functioning as an inhibitor of differentiation, is known to increase in psoriatic skin. 

However, the molecular involvement of this particular biomarker in the psoriatic immune system remains to be elucidated. 

We measured Id1 mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of psoriatic patients and healthy controls 

using semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR. The normalized level of Id1 transcripts in psoriatic patients was about 2-fold 

higher than that in controls (P < 0.05). When we examined the proliferation rate of PBMCs, the stimulation index obtained 

from the phytohemagglutinin stimulation assay was not significantly different in psoriatic patients. In patients with psoriasis, 

there was no correlation between the stimulation index and the psoriasis area severity index. We suggest that Id1 has a role 

in causing psoriatic immune cell symptoms. 

No.1159 

Author (s) : Roongpisuthipong, A., Chalermchockcharoenkit, A., Sirimai, K., Wanitpongpan, P., Jaishuen, A., Foongladda, S., Kongkergkiat, N., 

Prymanee, J. 

Title : Safety and efficacy of a new imidazole fungicide, Sertaconazole, in the treatment of fungal vulvo-vaginitis: A comparative 

study using Fluconazole and Clotrimazole 

Source : Asian Biomedicine, Volume 4, Issue 3, June 2010, Pages 443-448 


Keywords : Clotrimazole; Efficacy; Fluconazole; Fungal vulvo-vaginitis; Recurrence; Risk factors; Sertaconazole 

Abstract : Background: Sertaconazole is a new imidazole fungicide introduced for vulvo-vaginal candidiasis. It has an azole group with 

benzothiophene that inhibits biosynthesis of ergosterol and brings about a massive leak of cytoplasm with consequent fungal 

cell death. Objective: Assess the safety and efficacy of Sertaconazole in the treatment of fungal vulvo-vaginitis for comparison 

with Fluconazole and Clotrimazole. Subjects and methods: One-hundred eighty-eight outpatients with fungal vulvo-vaginitis 

were recruited at Siriraj Hospital, Thailand between August 31, 2004 and January 30, 2006. The patients were given 

Sertaconazole, Fluconazole, or Clotrimazole, and received vaginal swab and culture for fungus at seventh and 28th days after 

treatment. Results: Out of 188 cases, 177 cases were followed-up completely. Sertaconazole group included 66 cases where 

35 cure, 20 fail, and 7 recurrent cases. Fluconazole group included 60 cases and had 37 cure, six fail, and 20 recurrence cases. 

Clotrimazole group included 55 cases and had 32 cure, nine fail and 11 recurrent cases. There were risk factors of fungal 

vulvo-vaginitis, including frequent micturition and small toilet shower flushing. Conclusion: Sertaconazole had similar 

effectiveness and less side-effect as compared with Fluconazole and Clotrimazole. It appeared to work well with lowest 

recurrence. 

No.1160 

Author (s) : Roongruangchai, K., Kummalue, T., Sookkua, T., Roongruangchai, J. 

Title : Comparison of pouzolzia indica methanolic extract and virkon® against cysts of acanthamoeba SPP 



Keywords : Acanthamoeba spp; Pouzolzia indica benn; Sem; Tem; Virkon® 

Abstract : The present study was conducted to investigate the morphological and structural changes of Acanthamoeba cysts after being 

treated with various concentrations of Pouzolzia indica methanolic extract fraction 3 (methanol eluted) and Virkon® solution. 

Changes in the Acanthamoeba cysts were detected by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission 

422


electron microscopy. The results show Acanthamoeba cysts were killed by Pouzolzia indica methanolic extract fraction 3 at a 

concentration of 1:8 and by Virkon® solution at a concentration of 0.25%, with a minimal cysticidal concentration (MCC) by 

24 hours. Both agents caused similar structural damage to Acanthamoeba cysts in the same sequence. Step by step structural 

alterations occurred within the cyst. First, the cyst shrank, collapsed and had clumping of cytoplasmic stuctures inside the 

cyst walls. Second, the cysts began to bulge, swell, have a decrease in wrinkles in the cyst walls and spill the cytoplasmic 

contents into the environment. Finally, the cyst walls broke into small pieces. This study may be beneficial to compare with 

future studies of pharmaceutical agents against Acanthamoeba keratitis. 

No.1161 

Author (s) : Roop-Ngam, P., Thongboonkerd, V. 

Title : Development of an oxalate-affinity chromatographic column to isolate oxalate-binding proteins 

Source : Analytical Methods, Volume 2, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 1051-1055 


Keywords : Affinity column, Amino group, Binding proteins, Calcium binding proteins, Calcium oxalates, Carbodiimide 

hydrochlorides, Carbodiimides, Chromatographic column, Crystalline components, High efficiency, Kidney 

stone, Ninhydrin, Oxalic Acid, Sepharose 4B, SIMPLE method, Specific binding; Carbonic anhydrase, Enzyme inhibition, Gel 

permeation chromatography, Organic acids; Proteins 

Abstract : Calcium oxalate (CaOx) is the major crystalline component in kidney stones. Many previous studies on stone modulation 

have focused mainly to calcium-binding proteins, whereas oxalate-binding proteins remain under-investigated due to a lack of 

a simple method to purify oxalate-binding proteins. Therefore, we have developed an affinity chromatographic column to 

isolate or purify oxalate-binding proteins. The oxalate-affinity column developed contained EAH-Sepharose 4B beads 

conjugated with oxalic acid by carbodiimide reaction using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride 

(EDC) as an activator. The coupling efficacy of coupled beads (oxalic acid-EAH Sepharose 4B) was determined by a 

competitive ninhydrin assay to quantify the remaining amino group on EAH-Sepharose 4B. In addition, the oxalate-affinity 

column showed high specific binding to a known oxalate-binding protein (p62) but not to an irrelevant protein (carbonic 

anhydrase). In conclusion, we have established the oxalate-affinity chromatographic column, which showed the high 

efficiency to isolate oxalate-binding proteins. This novel chromatographic column will be very useful for future stone 

research, particularly in the area of stone modulation by oxalate-binding proteins. © 2010 The Royal Society of Chemistry. 

No.1162 

Author (s) : Rooppakhun, S., Chantarapanich, N., Chernchujit, B., Mahaisavariya, B., Sucharitpwatskul, S., Sitthiseripratip, K. 

Title : Mechanical evaluation of stainless steel and titanium dynamic hip screws for trochanteric fracture 

Source : Proceedings of World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, Volume 70, September 2010, Pages 662-665 


Keywords : Dynamic hip screw (DHS); Finite element analysis; Trochanteric fracture 

Abstract : This study aimed to present the mechanical performance evaluation of the dynamic hip screw (DHS) for trochanteric fracture 

by means of finite element method. The analyses were performed based on stainless steel and titanium implant material 

definitions at various stages of bone healing and including implant removal. The assessment of the mechanical performance 

used two parameters, von Mises stress to evaluate the strength of bone and implant and elastic strain to evaluate fracture 

stability. The results show several critical aspects of dynamic hip screw for trochanteric fracture stabilization. In the initial 

stage of bone healing process, partial weight bearing should be applied to avoid the implant failure. In the late stage of bone 

healing, stainless steel implant should be removed. 

No.1163 

Author (s) : Rosenfeld, L., Reddi, A.R., Leung, E., Aranda, K., Jensen, L.T., Culotta, V.C. 

Title : The effect of phosphate accumulation on metal ion homeostasis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae 

Source : Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, Volume 15, Issue 7, September 2010, Pages 1051-1062 


Keywords : Aft1; Manganese; Pho80; Polyphosphate; Yeast 

Abstract : Much of what is currently understood about the cell biology of metals involves their interactions with proteins. By 

comparison, little is known about interactions of metals with intracellular inorganic compounds such as phosphate. Here we 

examined the role of phosphate in metal metabolism in vivo by genetically perturbing the phosphate content of 

423


Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. Yeast pho80 mutants cannot sense phosphate and have lost control of phosphate uptake, 

storage, and metabolism. We report here that pho80 mutants specifically elevate cytosolic and nonvacuolar levels of 

phosphate and this in turn causes a wide range of metal homeostasis defects. Intracellular levels of the hard-metal cations 

sodium and calcium increase dramatically, and cells become susceptible to toxicity from the transition metals manganese, 

cobalt, zinc, and copper. Disruptions in phosphate control also elicit an iron starvation response, as pho80 mutants were seen 

to upregulate iron transport genes. The iron-responsive transcription factor Aft1p appears activated in cells with high 

phosphate content in spite of normal intracellular iron levels. The high phosphate content of pho80 mutants can be lowered 

by mutating Pho4p, the transcription factor for phosphate uptake and storage genes. Such lowering of phosphate content by 

pho4 mutations reversed the high calcium and sodium content of pho80 mutants and prevented the iron starvation 

response. However, pho4 mutations only partially reversed toxicity from heavy metals, representing a novel outcome of 

phosphate dysregulation. Overall, these studies underscore the importance of maintaining a charge balance in the cell; a 

disruption in phosphate metabolism can dramatically impact on metal homeostasis. © 2010 SBIC. 

No.1164 

Author (s) : Rotkittikhun, P., Kruatrachue, M., Pokethitiyook, P., Baker, A.J.M. 

Title : Tolerance and accumulation of lead in Vetiveria zizanioides and its effect on oil production 

Source : Journal of Environmental Biology, Volume 31, Issue 3, May 2010, Pages 329-334 


Keywords : Accumulation; Lead; Tolerance; Vetiver oil; Vetiveria zizanioides 

Abstract : Experiments were conducted to evaluate lead tolerance and accumulation in vetiver grass Vetiveria zizanioides (L), grown in 

hydroponics and a pot study and to examine the effect of lead on vetiver oil production. Elevated concentrations of lead 

decreased the length of shoots and roots of plants. However, vetiver grown in highly contaminated soils showed no apparent 

phytotoxicity symptoms. Lead concentrations in the shoots and roots of vetiver plants grown in hydroponics were up to 144 

and 19530 mg kg-1 and those grown in soil were 38 and 629 mg kg-1, respectively. Lead had an effect on vetiver oil 

production and composition by stimulating oil yield and the number of its constituents. Oil yield ranged from 0.4-1.3%; the 

highest yields were found in plants grown in nutrient solution with 100 mg Pb l -1 for 5 weeks (1.29%) and 7 weeks (1.22%). 

The number of total constituents of vetiver oil also variedbetween 47-143 compounds when lead was present in the growth 

medium. The highest number (143) was found in plants grown in soil spiked with 1000 mg Pb kg-1. The predominant 

compound was khusimol (10.7-18.1%) followed by (E)-isovalencenol (10.3-15.6%). Our results indicated that lead could 

increase the oil production of vetiver. © Triveni Enterprises, Lucknow (India). 

No.1165 

Author (s) : Rottmann, M., McNamara, C., Yeung, B.K.S., Lee, M.C.S., Zou, B., Russell, B., Seitz, P., Plouffe, D.M., Dharia, N.V., Tan, J., Cohen, 

S.B., Spencer, K.R., González-Páez, G.E., Lakshminarayana, S.B., Goh, A., Suwanarusk, R., Jegla, T., Schmitt, E.K., Beck, H.-P., Brun, 

R., Nosten, F., Renia, L., Dartois, V., Keller, T.H., Fidock, D.A., Winzeler, E.A., Diagana, T.T. 

Title : Spiroindolones, a potent compound class for the treatment of malaria 

Source : Science, Volume 329, Issue 5996, 3 September 2010, Pages 1175-1180 


Keywords : adenosine triphosphatase, antimalarial agent, artemether, artesunate, chloroquine, mefloquine, nitd 609, p type cation 

transporter atpase4, spiroindolone derivative, unclassified drug; antimalarial agent, blood, cation, drug, enzyme 

activity, experimental study, malaria, protein, rodent, tolerance; animal experiment, animal model, antimalarial activity, area 

under the curve, article, cell proliferation, concentration response, controlled study, cytotoxicity, drug bioavailability, drug 

clearance, drug distribution, drug efficacy, drug half life, drug metabolism, drug safety, drug structure, drug synthesis, drug 

tolerability, gene mutation, malaria, male, mouse, nonhuman, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, priority 

journal, protein synthesis, rat, screening, survival rate; Adenosine Triphosphatases, Animals, Antimalarials, Cell Line, Drug 

Discovery, Drug Resistance, Erythrocytes, Female, Genes, Protozoan, Humans, Indoles, Malaria, Male, Mice, Models, 

Molecular, Mutant Proteins, Mutation, Parasitic Sensitivity Tests, Plasmodium berghei, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium 

vivax, Protein Synthesis Inhibitors, Protozoan Proteins, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Spiro Compounds; Plasmodium 

falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Rodentia 

Abstract : Recent reports of increased tolerance to artemisinin derivatives - the most recently adopted class of antimalarials - have 

prompted a need for new treatments. The spirotetrahydro-β-carbolines, or spiroindolones, are potent drugs that kill the 

blood stages of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax clinical isolates at low nanomolar concentration. 

424


Spiroindolones rapidly inhibit protein synthesis in P. falciparum, an effect that is ablated in parasites bearing nonsynonymous 

mutations in the gene encoding the P-type cation-transporter ATPase4 (PfATP4). The optimized spiroindolone NITD609 shows 

pharmacokinetic properties compatible with once-daily oral dosing and has single-dose efficacy in a rodent malaria model. 

No.1166 

Author (s) : Roubsanthisuk, W., Wongsurin, U., Buranakitjaroen, P. 

Title : Hypertensive emergencies remain a clinical problem and are associated with high mortality. 



Keywords : antihypertensive agent; adult, aged, article, blood pressure, cause of death, chronic kidney failure, diabetes 

mellitus, emergency, female, follow up, human, hypertension, length of stay, male, middle aged, mortality, risk factor, stroke; 

Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antihypertensive Agents, Blood Pressure, Cause of Death, Diabetes 

Complications, Emergencies, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Hospital Mortality, Humans, Hypertension, Kidney Failure, 

Chronic, Length of Stay, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Stroke, Young Adult 

Abstract : OBJECTIVE: We suspect that hypertensive emergencies remain a clinical problem and data on their long-term prognosis are 

lacking. This study was conducted in order to determine the frequency, management, and outcome of hypertensive 

emergencies in this era, in which hypertension treatment is more effective than in the past. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We 

reviewed the medical records of patients with hypertensive emergencies admitted to the medical wards of Siriraj Hospital in 

2003 and collected data on their characteristic, management, investigations, and follow-ups through 31 December 2007. 

RESULTS: There were 184 patients included. Hypertension has been previously diagnosed in 89% of cases. Nearly half also 

had diabetes mellitus and around a quarter had chronic kidney failure. Mean +/- SD of blood pressure at presentation was 

205.96 +/- 21.36/114.60 +/- 20.59 mmHg. Cardiac complications and stroke accounted for 71% and 23% of all target organ 

damage, respectively. Intravenous nitroglycerine and furosemide were most frequently prescribed. Additional investigations to 

search for the causes of hypertension were performed in only 55 cases. The average hospital stay was 9.8 days. The inhospital 

mortality rate was 15%. Some 26% of patients were lost to follow-up and another 20% died later. Only 19% of 

patients had regular follow-ups until the end of 2007 and remained on an average of 2.4 antihypertensive drugs. 

CONCLUSION: Hypertensive emergencies are usually found in patients with a history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus or 

kidney failure. Recommended investigations usually failed to identify the cause of hypertension. The mortality rate of these 

patients was extremely high while their adherence to treatment was extremely poor. 

No.1167 

Author (s) : Round, P.D. 

Title : An analysis of records of three passage migrants in Thailand: Tiger Shrike Lantus tigrinus, Yellow-rumped Flycatcher Ficedula 

zanthopygia and Mugimaki Flycatcher Emugimaki 

Source : Forktail, Issue 26, August 2010, Pages 24-30 


Keywords : Aves, Ficedula zanthopygia, Laniidae, Lanius tigrinus 

Abstract : Records of three passage migrants in Thailand are analysed to show seasonal and geographical differences in their 

distribution. While two of these, Tiger Shrike Lanius tigrinus and Yellow-rumped Flycatcher Ficedula zanthopygia, are early 

autumn migrants, the third species, Mugimaki Flycatcher F. mugimaki, is a much later autumn migrant and, in contrast to the 

other two, comprises birds that winter in Thailand as well as passage migrant individuals that winter beyond the country's 

southern border. Disproportionately more Mugimaki Flycatchers are recorded on spring migration than the other two species. 

Definitive-plumaged males of both flycatcher species were recorded earlier on spring and autumn migration than others 

(grouped female or immature birds). Although in recent decades the numbers of migrants reported have increased due to 

increased ornithological recording, the numbers of Tiger Shrikes have not increased in proportion to those of Yellow-rumped 

Flycatchers, possibly indicating a decline in numbers. 

No.1168 

Author (s) : Round, P.D., Allen, D. 

Title : A record of active moult in the Streaked Reed Warbler Acrocephalus sorghophilus 

Source : Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club, Volume 130, Issue 2, 14 June 2010, Pages 145-147 


425

Keywords : Acrocephalus; Acrocephalus sorghophilus 


No.1169 

Author (s) : Round, P.D., Leader, P.J., Waengsothorn, S. 

Title : Removal of Pink-rumped Rosefinch Carpodacus eos from the Thai avifaunal list 

Source : Forktail, Issue 26, August 2010, Pages 145-147 


Keywords : Carpodacus eos 



No.1170 

Author (s) : Ruamsup, S., Wiratkapun, C., Wibulpolprasert, B., Lertsithichai, P. 

Title : A comparison between short-interval and regular-interval follow-up for BI-RADS category 3 lesions 

Source : Singapore Medical Journal, Volume 51, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 120-125 


Keywords : Bi-RADS category 3; Breast cancer; Regular-interval follow-up; Screen imaging studies; Short-interval follow-up 

Abstract : Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the short-interval and regular-interval follow-up in women with Breast 

Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category 3 screen imaging studies. The image stability, rate of image -detected 

breast cancer and stage of cancer are studied. Methods: Women who had BI-RADS 3 screen imaging studies (mammography 

and ultrasonography) conducted between the period January 2003 and December 2005 were retrospectively identified using 

the computerised database at the Department of Radiology, Ramathibodi Hospital, Thailand. Women who had known breast 

cancer status at two years after screening were included in the study and divided into two groups: short-interval (six months 

after screening) or regular-interval (one year after screening) follow-up. The two groups were compared in terms of the 

baseline clinico- radiologic characteristics and outcomes, including the image stability, image-detected breast cancer and the 

cancer stage at detection. Results: A total of 10,086 women underwent screen imaging studies within the study period. Of 

these, 1,541 (15 percent) were categorised as BI-RADS 3. Only 1,036 women (67 percent) had follow-up images done six to 12 

months after screening, and 846 (82 percent of 1,036 women) also had known cancer status two years after the screening. 

Breast cancer was noted in seven women (a positive predictive value of 0.7 percent). There were no significant differences 

between the two groups of women in terms of their baseline characteristics, image stability at the initial follow-up, the rate of 

image-detected breast cancer and the stage of cancer at detection. Conclusion: There were no significant differences in the 

effectiveness of short-interval versus regular-interval follow-up in women with BI- RADS 3 screen imaging studies. 

No.1171 

Author (s) : Ruamviboonsuk, P., Tadarati, M., Vanichvaranont, S., Hanutsaha, P., Pokawattana, N. 

Title : Photodynamic therapy combined with ranibizumab for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy: Results of a 1-year preliminary 

study 

Source : British Journal of Ophthalmology, Volume 94, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 1045-1051 


Keywords : ranibizumab; adult, aged, article, clinical article, clinical trial, female, human, indocyanine green angiography, male, optical 

coherence tomography, photodynamic therapy, polyp, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, priority journal, retina fluorescein 

angiography, retina hemorrhage, treatment outcome, visual acuity; Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Angiogenesis 

Inhibitors, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Choroidal Neovascularization, Combined Modality Therapy, Diagnostic Techniques, 

Ophthalmological, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Photochemotherapy, Photosensitizing Agents, Porphyrins, Prospective 

Studies, Retinal Hemorrhage, Treatment Outcome, Visual Acuity 

Abstract : Background/aims: To determine the potential efficacy and safety of combined verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT) with 

ranibizumab for the treatment of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). Methods: In this prospective, non-comparative, 

interventional study, 12 eyes from 12 patients that had active PCV were treated with PDT combined with three monthly 

intravitreal injections of ranibizumab. The patients were then monitored monthly with measurements of best-corrected visual 

acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness quantified by optical coherence tomography for 1 year. Indocyanine green 

angiography (ICGA) and fluorescein angiography were performed every 3 months. The eyes were re-treated with PDT and a 

ranibizumab injection, or with solely ranibizumab injection when indicated. Results: At month 12, the mean BCVA change 

426


from baseline was +12.3 letters (p=0.04). Eight patients (58.3%, p=0.02) had a BCVA gain of 15 letters or more. One patient 

(8.3%, p=1.0) had a BCVA loss of 15 letters or more. All patients underwent regression of polyps without recurrence. One 

patient experienced an insignificant subretinal haemorrhage. No other adverse event that could be attributed to the 

treatment was observed. Conclusions: This combination therapy showed encouraging results concerning improving vision, 

reducing the incidence of subretinal haemorrhage and reducing the recurrence of polyps when compared to previously 

published data that reported PDT monotherapy for PCV. 

No.1172 

Author (s) : Ruangsetakit, C., Chinsakchai, K., Mahawongkajit, P., Wongwanit, C., Mutirangura, P. 

Title : Transcutaneous oxygen tension: A useful predictor of ulcer healing in critical limb ischaemia 

Source : Journal of Wound Care, Volume 19, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages 202-206 


Keywords : Critical limb ischaemia; Transcutaneous oxygen tension; Ulcer healing 

Abstract : Objective: To investigate the threshold of transcutaneous oxygen tension (TcPO2) values in predicting ulcer healing in patients 

with critical limb ischaemia in a prospective study. Method: 50 patients suffering from critical limb ischaemia with chronic 

ischemic ulcers or gangrenous toes were enrolled in this study between January and December 2008. Their demographic data 

and ankle brachial pressure index (ABPI) were collected. Baseline ulcers were measured with a wound measurement system 

(Visitrak, Smith & Nephew). TcPO2 was measured at rest in the supine position and with 30° leg elevation. The patients 

with infective and ischemic ulcers underwent debridement and gangrenous toes were amputated. Ulcer outcome was classifi 

ed as either: (1) A healing ulcer, showing good epithelialisation or granulation at both base and edges, or a decrease in ulcer 

area during the study; or (2) A non-healing ulcer, showing poor granulation tissue formation or a pale base and necrotic edges, 

or deterioration in an ischaemic ulcer. Results: The mean age of the patients was 67.6 ± 10.8 years. The most common risk 

factor was hypertension (90%). Mean ABPI was 0.75 ± 0.39. 13 patients (26%) had a TcPO2 of less than 20mmHg, of which 

none showed any improvement in ulcer healing (p<0.001). 15 patients (30%) had a TcPO2 of more than 40mmHg, of which 

all progressed to complete ulcer healing (p<0.001). In the borderline group (20-40mmHg, 22 patients, 44%), 10 patients 

(45%) had a TcPO2 drop of ≤10mmHg with 30° leg elevation, of which 8 achieved complete ulcer healing (p<0.001). 12 

patients (55%) had a TcPO 2 drop of >10mmHg with 30° leg elevation, of which 11 showed no ulcer healing (p<0.001). 

Conclusion: TcPO2 measurement is an accurate, non-invasive, and good predictor of ischemic ulcer healing, for cut-off TcPO2 

values of less than 20mmHg and more than 40mmHg. In addition, the leg elevation method for TcPO2 might provide an 

important adjunct in the assessment of patients with borderline values. Declaration of interest: None. 

No.1173 

Author (s) : Ruangvutilert, P., Chaemsaithong, P., Ruangrongmorakot, K., Kanokpongsakdi, S., Sunsaneevithayakul, P. 

Title : Development of a modified 100-gram oral glucose tolerance test for diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus and its 

diagnostic accuracy 



Keywords : Gestational diabetes mellitus; Modified oral glucose tolerance test 

Abstract : Objective: To develop a modified 100-g oral glucose tolerance test (100-g OGTT) for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes 

mellitus (GDM) in order to reduce the number of values needed for the test. Materials and Methods: Patient charts of 

pregnant women who completed the 100-g OGTT test at the antenatal clinic, Siriraj Hospital between 2005 and 2006 were 

reviewed. Cases diagnosed with GDM using standard 100-g OGTT were selected. In non-GDM cases, the last 100-g OGTT test 

was selected. Diagnostic performances of each glucose value and two or three values in various combinations were 

determined. Results: One thousand seven hundred sixty three women completed GDM diagnosis throughout their pregnancy. 

Four hundred three women had GDM while 1,360 subjects were non-GDM. Considering single glucose values, the highest level 

of accuracy, and the best ROC curve were obtained from the value at 2 hours after glucose ingestion (2-h glucose value) with 

93.00% accuracy and the area under the ROC curve of 0.961. The combination of 2-h glucose value with fasting plasma 

glucose (FPG) showed 93.25% accuracy. FPG combined with 1-h and 2-h glucose values achieved 100% sensitivity with 92% 

accuracy. Conclusion: FPG in combined with 1-h and 2-h glucose values is an interesting alternative for the diagnosis of GDM. 

No.1174 

Author (s) : Ruangwises, N., Ruangwises, S. 

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Title : Aflatoxin M1 contamination in raw milk within the central region of Thailand 

Source : Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Volume 85, Issue 2, August 2010, Pages 195-198 


Keywords : Aflatoxin M1; HPLC; Immunoaffinity column; Raw milk 

Abstract : Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) was found in all of the 240 raw milk samples collected from milk tanks of 80 dairy farms at a collecting 

center in the central region of Thailand. Milk samples from individual farms were collected in three seasons. The average 

concentration of AFM1 in milk samples collected in winter (0.089 ± 0.034 μg/L) was significantly higher than those in rainy 

season (0.071 ± 0.028 μg/L) and summer (0.050 ± 0.021 μg/L). The present study suggests that regulatory limits for AFM1 are 

needed to regulate and ensure the quality of raw milk and milk products in Thailand. © 2010 Springer Science+Business 

Media, LLC. 

No.1175 

Author (s) : Ruchirawat, M., Navasumrit, P., Settachan, D. 

Title : Exposure to benzene in various susceptible populations: Co-exposures to 1,3-butadiene and PAHs and implications for 

carcinogenic risk 

Source : Chemico-Biological Interactions, Volume 184, Issue 1-2, March 2010, Pages 67-76 


Keywords : 1,3-Butadiene; Benzene; Correlation; DNA damage; DNA repair capacity; PAHs 

Abstract : Exposure to benzene in human populations can occur in various work-related settings in which benzene is used or produced, 

or from traffic emissions resulting from incomplete combustion of fossil fuel, or from other sources. Two scenarios of 

benzene exposure were studied in 4 susceptible groups in Thailand. The first scenario is work-related exposures primarily to 

benzene, with the study subjects consisting of petrochemical laboratory workers and gasoline service station attendants, who 

are exposed at levels of 78.32 and 360.84μg/m3, respectively. The second scenario is traffic-related exposure and exposure 

to incense smoke, where co-exposures to other pollutants occurs, with the study groups consisting of school children 

attending schools in the city center and exposed to traffic emissions, and temple workers exposed to incense smoke. The 

individual benzene exposure levels were approximately 19.38μg/m3 in city school children and 45.90μg/m3 in temple 

workers. Co-exposures to 1,3-butadiene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) generated from the same sources 

occurred in the second exposure scenario. 8-OHdG, DNA strand breaks and DNA repair capacity were measured as biomarkers 

of early effects of carcinogenic compound exposure. Petrochemical laboratory workers and gasoline service stations 

attendants had significantly higher levels of DNA strand breaks and significantly lower DNA repair capacity compared to 

controls, while gasoline service station attendants also had significantly higher levels of 8-OHdG than controls. City school 

children had significantly higher levels of PAH-DNA adducts, 8-OHdG, and DNA strand breaks and significantly lower levels of 

DNA repair capacity compared to rural children. Temple workers also had significantly higher levels of 8-OHdG and DNA 

strand breaks and significantly lower levels of DNA repair capacity compared to controls. In all of the study groups, the levels 

of benzene exposure correlated significantly with 8-OHdG levels, DNA strand breaks, and DNA repair capacity. In school 

children, PAH levels also correlated significantly with 8-OHdG levels, DNA strand breaks and DNA repair capacity. In temple 

workers, 1,3-butadiene levels correlated significantly with 8-OHdG and DNA strand breaks, but not with DNA repair capacity, 

while in the school children they did not correlate significantly with 8-OHdG or DNA strand breaks, and correlated marginally 

significantly with DNA repair capacity (deletions per metaphase). Multivariate regression analysis identified total PAHs 

concentrations converted to B[a]P equivalents as the only factor significantly affecting 8-OHdG levels, and total PAHs 

concentrations converted to B[a]P equivalents, as well as 1,3-butadiene concentrations as the factors significantly affecting 

DNA repair capacity in the school children. PAHs concentration was identified as the factor most significantly affecting DNA 

strand breaks in temple workers, followed by benzene concentrations, while DNA repair capacity was also significantly 

influenced by PAHs concentrations. © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. 

No.1176 

Author (s) : Rudge, J.W., Phuanakoonon, S., Nema, K.H., Mounier-Jack, S., Coker, R. 

Title : Critical interactions between Global Fund-supported programmes and health systems: a case study in Papua New Guinea. 

Source : Health policy and planning, Volume 25 Suppl 1, November 2010, Pages i48-52 


Keywords : article, economics, female, financial management, government, health care delivery, health services 

research, human, infection control, international cooperation, interview, male, organization and management, Papua New 

428


Guinea, system analysis; Communicable Disease Control, Delivery of Health Care, Female, Financing, 

Government, Government Programs, Humans, International Cooperation, Interviews as Topic, Male, Organizational Case 

Studies, Papua New Guinea, Systems Integration 

Abstract : In Papua New Guinea, investment by the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (the Global Fund) has played an 

important role in scaling up the response to HIV and tuberculosis (TB). As part of a series of case studies on how Global Fundsupported 

programmes interact with national health systems, we assessed the nature and extent of integration of the Global 

Fund portfolios within the national HIV and TB programmes, the integration of the HIV and TB programmes within the general 

health system, and system-wide effects of Global Fund support in Papua New Guinea. The study relied on a literature review 

and 30 interviews with key stakeholders using the Systemic Rapid Assessment Toolkit and thematic analysis. Global Fundsupported 

activities were found to be largely integrated, or at least coordinated, with the national HIV and TB programmes. 

However, this has reinforced the vertical nature of these programmes with respect to the general health system, with parallel 

systems established to meet the demands of programme scale-up and the performance-based nature of Global Fund 

investment in the weak health system context of Papua New Guinea. The more parallel functions include monitoring and 

evaluation, and procurement and supply chain systems, while human resources and infrastructure for service delivery are 

increasingly integrated at more local levels. Positive synergies of Global Fund support include engagement of civil-society 

partners, and a reliable supply of high-quality drugs which may have increased patient confidence in the health system. 

However, the severely limited and overburdened pool of human resources has been skewed towards the three diseases, 

both at management and service delivery levels. There is also concern surrounding the sustainability of the disease 

programmes, given their dependence on donors. Increasing Global Fund attention towards health system strengthening was 

viewed positively, but should acknowledge that system changes are slow, difficult to measure and require long-term support. 

No.1177 

Author (s) : Rujkorakarn, R., Nunthaboot, N., Tanaka, F., Chaiyen, P., Chosrowjan, H., Taniguchi, S., Mataga, N. 

Title : Time-resolved Stokes shift in proteins with continuum model: Slow dynamics in proteins 

Source : Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, Volume 215, Issue 1, 5 September 2010, Pages 38-45 


Keywords : C1 protein; Continuum model; Flavin; Protein; Theoretical analyses; Time-resolved Stokes shift; Tryptophan 

Abstract : Reported time-resolved Stokes shifts (TRSS) of free tryptophan (Trp) and free p-coumaric acid (CA) in water, and Trp in 

monellin, apomyoglobin, and isoalloxazine (Iso) of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) in the reductase component (C1 protein) of 

p-hydroxyphenylacetate hydroxylase were analyzed with continuum model. All unknown parameters of these systems in the 

theoretical equations were determined to obtain the best fit between the observed and calculated TRSS, according to a nonlinear 

least square method. TRSS of free Trp at 295 K was also analyzed with four sets of reported dielectric constants and 

solvent relaxation times of water. Agreement between the observed and calculated TRSS of the free Trp was excellent. In CA 

the calculated TRSS could satisfactorily reproduce the observed one. Frequency-dependent dielectric constants of Trp in the 

proteins and Iso in C1 protein were expressed with 2- and 3-relaxation times. Static dielectric constant, ε0, intermediate 

permittivity, ε1, dielectric constant of Iso, εc, 2-relaxation times, τ1 and τ2, μe and D0 in the 2-relaxation time analyses were 

determined by the best-fit procedures. Agreements between the observed and calculated TRSS of Trp in native, denatured 

monellins, apomyoglobin, and Iso in C1 protein were excellent. No further improvements were obtained with 3-relaxation 

time analyses. Origin of the slow decaying component of TRSS in apomyoglobin was interpreted with continuum model and 

compared with molecular dynamics (MD) simulation model and a continuum model by Halle and Nilsson [J. Phys. Chem. B 

113 (2009) 8210]. Frozen states revealed with MD model were reproduced with the 3-relaxation time analysis. © 2010 Elsevier 

B.V. 

No.1178 

Author (s) : Ruksee, N.; Govitrapong, P. 

Title : THE EFFECT OF MELATONIN ON NR2A/B AND BDNF IN DEXAMETHASONE-INDUCED CHRONIC STRESS OF ADULT MICE 

HIPPOCAMPAL BRAIN AREA 





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No.1179 

Author (s) : Rung-Arunwan, T., Siripunvaraporn, W. 

Title : An efficient modified hierarchical domain decomposition for two-dimensional magnetotelluric forward modeling 

Source : Geophysical Journal International, Volume 183, Issue 2, November 2010, Pages 634-644 


Keywords : Electromagnetic theory; Inverse theory; Magnetotelluric; Numerical approximations and analysis; Numerical solutions 

Abstract : We use 2-D magnetotelluric (MT) problems as a feasibility study to demonstrate that 3-D MT problems can be solved with a 

direct solver, even on a standard single processor PC. The scheme used is a hierarchical domain decomposition (HDD) 

method in which a global computational domain is uniformly split into many smaller non-overlapping subdomains. To make 

it more efficient, two modifications are made to the standard HDD method. Instead of three levels as in the standard HDD 

method, we classify the unknowns into four classes: the interiors, the horizontal interfaces, the vertical interfaces and the 

intersections. Four sets of smaller systems of equations are successively solved with a direct method (an LU factorization). 

The separation significantly reduces the large memory requirements of a direct solver. It also reduces the CPU time to almost 

half that of the standard HDD method although it is still slower than the conventional finite difference (FD) method. To 

further enhance the speed of the code, a red-black ordering is applied to solve the horizontal and vertical interface reduced 

systems. Numerical experiments on a 2-D MT problem of a given size running on a single processor machine shows that CPU 

time and memory used are almost constant for any resistivity models, frequencies and modes. This is a clear advantage of 

our algorithm and is of particular importance if the method is applied to 3-D problems. We show that our new method 

results in reductions in both memory usage and CPU time for large enough domains when compared to the standard FD and 

HDD schemes. In addition, we also introduce a 'memory minimization map', a graphical tool we can use instead of trial-anderror 

to pre-select the optimal size of subdomains, which yield the best performance in both CPU time and memory even 

running on a serial machine. © 2010 The Authors Geophysical Journal International © 2010 RAS. 

No.1180 

Author (s) : Rungruang, T., Chaweeborisuit, P., Klosek, S.K. 

Title : Effect of malaria infection and dexamethasone on spleen morphology and histology 



Keywords : Dexamethasone; Histology; Malaria; Spleen 

Abstract : The purpose of this study was to determine the histopathological changes of the spleen caused by parasite infection and 

steroid use to investigate pathological effects due to infection in ICR mice. The mice were divided into 5 groups: nonmalaria 

infected mice served as controls, mice with parasite infection only, and the other three groups; mice that were injected with 

dexamethasone (Dex) only, mice injected with Dex prior to and mice injected with Dex after malaria inoculation. Differences 

in spleen color between the groups were found. Compared to controls, malaria infected mice, and those injected with Dex 

only were significantly different (p < 0.05) in spleen weights and sizes. Histological changes were also seen in these two 

groups. Fused white pulps were found in the spleens of mice infected with malaria only, clear zones of white and red pulp 

were observed in the spleens of mice treated only with Dex; fibrinoids were also found in this group. The histology of spleens 

appeared normal except for infiltration by numerous megakaryocytes in the spleens of mice given Dex before or after 

parasite inoculation. Infection with malaria and use of Dex leads to destruction of typical features of spleen morphology and 

histology. However, uptake of Dex after malaria infection seems to reverse the pathology of the spleen. 

No.1181 

Author (s) : Ryan, D.P., Dias da Silva, M.R., Soong, T.W., Fontaine, B., Donaldson, M.R., Kung, A.W.C., Jongjaroenprasert, W., Liang, M.C., 

Khoo, D.H.C., Cheah, J.S., Ho, S.C., Bernstein, H.S., Maciel, R.M.B., Brown Jr., R.H., Ptáček, L.J. 

Title : Mutations in Potassium Channel Kir2.6 Cause Susceptibility to Thyrotoxic Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis 

Source : Cell, Volume 140, Issue 1, 8 January 2010, Pages 88-98 


Keywords : HUMDISEASE; PROTEINS; SIGNALING 

Abstract : Thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis (TPP) is characterized by acute attacks of weakness, hypokalemia, and 

thyrotoxicosis of various etiologies. These transient attacks resemble those of patients with familial hypokalemic periodic 

paralysis (hypoKPP) and resolve with treatment of the underlying hyperthyroidism. Because of the phenotypic similarity of 

these conditions, we hypothesized that TPP might also be a channelopathy. While sequencing candidate genes, we identified 

430


a previously unreported gene (not present in human sequence databases) that encodes an inwardly rectifying potassium (Kir) 

channel, Kir2.6. This channel, nearly identical to Kir2.2, is expressed in skeletal muscle and is transcriptionally regulated by 

thyroid hormone. Expression of Kir2.6 in mammalian cells revealed normal Kir currents in whole-cell and single-channel 

recordings. Kir2.6 mutations were present in up to 33% of the unrelated TPP patients in our collection. Some of these 

mutations clearly alter a variety of Kir2.6 properties, all altering muscle membrane excitability leading to paralysis. © 2010 


No.1182 

Author (s) : Saechan, V., Nopparatana, C., Nopparatana, C., Fucharoen, S. 

Title : Molecular basis and hematological features of hemoglobin variants in Southern Thailand 

Source : International Journal of Hematology, Volume 92, Issue 3, October 2010, Pages 445-450 


Keywords : Abnormal hemoglobin; Hemoglobin variant; Molecular diagnosis; Thailand 

Abstract : Hemoglobinopathy (abnormal hemoglobin or hemoglobin variant) is an inherited disorder that results in the abnormal 

structure of globin chains of the hemoglobin (Hb) molecule. Many abnormal Hbs have been characterized worldwide, 

including more than 20 variants in Thailand. The Bio-Rad Variant II HPLC system is used for investigating hemoglobin variants 

at Songklanagarind Hospital. This system has been shown to be a sensitive, specific, and reproducible method, but some 

hemoglobin variants such as Hb Tak and Hb D-Punjab cannot, as yet, be clearly separated by this method. The aim of this 

study was to investigate the prevalence of hemoglobinopathy in southern Thailand using DNA sequencing and study the 

severity of each hemoglobin variant. A total of 58 hemoglobin variant samples were obtained from blood samples undergoing 

routine hemoglobin typing at Songklanagarind Hospital. Genomic DNAs were extracted from the samples, and the globin 

genes were analyzed by using PCR-direct sequencing. The molecular analysis revealed eight hemoglobin variants: 28 Hb C, 12 

Hb D-Punjab, 7 Hb Tak, 4 Hb G-Makassar, 2 Hb Lepore-Hollandia, 2 Hb Q-Thailand, 2 Hb O-Indonesia, and 1 Hb Hope. The 

distribution of hemoglobin variants in southern Thailand is associated with geographic and/or ethnic backgrounds. This study 

may help hematologists understand better the prevalence of hemoglobin variants and their hematological features in this 

region. © 2010 The Japanese Society of Hematology. 

No.1183 

Author (s) : Sae-Jie, W., Bunwong, K., Moore, E.J. 

Title : Qualitative behavior of SIS epidemic model on time scales 

Source : International Conference on Applied Mathematics, Simulation, Modelling - Proceedings, 2010, Pages 159-164 


Keywords : Bifurcation; Chaos; Limit cycles; Period doubling; SIS epidemic model; Time scales analysis 

Abstract : Mathematical models in continuous or discrete time are widely used to simplify real-world systems in order to understand 

their mechanisms for a particular purpose. Consequently, a welldefined model should be able to carry out some predictions 

and be fitted to observational data in a variety of time measurements (seconds, hours, days, weeks, months, or years). 

Therefore, the time scales approach also plays an important role in the model. In this paper, we construct a time scales 

version of a simple epidemic model (SIS) and explore the variety of its qualitative behavior. For each parameter value, the 

theory of time scales allows the discovery of similar and dissimilar behavior of SIS epidemic models on different time scales. 

Finally, the dynamic behavior shows a period doubling bifurcation path to chaos as the distance of equally spaced points in 

time increases. 

No.1184 

Author (s) : Sae-Jie, W., Bunwong, K., Moore, E.J. 

Title : The effect of time scales on SIS epidemic model 

Source : WSEAS Transactions on Mathematics, Volume 9, Issue 10, October 2010, Pages 757-767 


Keywords : Bifurcation; Chaos; Limit cycles; Period doubling; SIS epidemic model; Time scales calculus 

Abstract : The distribution of diseases is one of the most interesting real-world phenomena which can be systematically studied through 

a mathematical model. A well-known simple epidemic model with surprising dynamics is the SIS model. Usually, the time 

domains that are widely used in mathematical models are limited to real numbers for the case of continuous time or to 

integers for the case of discrete time. However, a disease pandemic such as an influenza pandemic regularly disappears from 

431


a population and then recurs after a period of time. Additionally, collecting actual data continuously is time-consuming, 

relatively expensive, and really impractical. It seems that using a continuous-time model to describe observed data may not 

always be possible due to time domain conflict. The purpose of this paper is, therefore, to study the qualitative behavior of 

SIS models on continuous, discrete, and mixed continuous-discrete time scales. We investigate their dynamic behavior and 

examine how this behavior changes in the different time scale domains. We show that the dynamic behavior can change in a 

systematic manner from simple stable steady-state solutions for the continuous time domain to complicated chaotic 

solutions for the discrete-time domain. 

No.1185 

Author (s) : Saelee, P., Wongkham, S., Chariyalertsak, S., Petmitr, S., Chuensumran, U. 

Title : RASSF1A promoter hypermethylation as a prognostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma 



Keywords : DNA methylation; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Methylation-specific PCR; RASSF1A; Thailand 

Abstract : This study was performed to determine whether epigenetic aberrant methylation of RASSF1A might be associated with 

hepatocarcinogenesis. Methylation specific-PCR was performed to identify RASSF1A promoter hypermethylation in 29 tumors 

and corresponding normal liver tissues. In addition, RASSF1A mRNA levels were analyzed by quantitative real-time reverse 

transcription-PCR. Aberrant methylation of RASSF1A was detected in 25 of 29 cases (86%), with loss of RASSF1A expression 

evident in 8 of 22 cases (36%). No correlation between loss of RASSF1A mRNA and promoter hypermethylation of the 

RASSF1A gene was observed. There was a significant correlation between the methylation status of RASSF1A and 

hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who did not undergo chemotherapy (P = 0.03). Multivariate analysis, adjusted for 

tumor size, treatment, RASSF1A hypermethylation, and RASSF1A under-expression, showed RASSF1A hypermethylation to be 

assocaited with a better prognosis for HCC patients (HR= 0.089, 95%CI = 0.013-0.578; P = 0.012). Our findings showed that 

RASSF1A promoter hypermethylation occurs frequently, and may serve as a good prognostic factor. 

No.1186 

Author (s) : Sae-Oui, P., Sirisinha, C., Hatthapanit, K. 

Title : Properties of natural rubber filled with ultra fine acrylate rubber powder 

Source : Journal of Elastomers and Plastics, Volume 42, Issue 2, March 2010, Pages 139-150 


Keywords : acrylate rubber; natural rubber; rubber blend; rubber powder 

Abstract : Properties of natural rubber (NR) filled with various loadings of ultra-fine vulcanized acrylate rubber powder (ACMP) were 

investigated. ACMP loading was varied from 0 to 20 phr and, after compounding, the compound properties were determined. 

Results reveal that increasing ACMP loading leads to improved processability, as evidenced by the reduction of both mixing 

energy and Mooney viscosity. ACMP, however, has negative effect on cure, that is, both scorch time and optimum cure time 

are prolonged while the state of cure is reduced with increasing ACMP loading. Due to the reinforcing effect of the fine ACMP 

particles, both modulus and hardness are found to increase consecutively with increasing ACMP loading. The tensile strength 

is also found to improve with increasing ACMP loading up to 10 phr. However, due to the cure retardation effect and the high 

thermoplastic nature, the presence of ACMP causes deterioration of elasticity. As ACMP is highly polar and fully saturated, the 

addition of ACMP enhances the resistance to oil and thermal aging of the NR vulcanizate. Significant improvement of thermal 

aging resistance is found when 10 phr or more of ACMP is added. © The Author(s), 2010. 

No.1187 

Author (s) : Sae-Oui, P., Sirisinha, C., Sa-nguanthammarong, P., Thaptong, P. 

Title : Properties and recyclability of thermoplastic elastomer prepared from natural rubber powder (NRP) and high density 

polyethylene (HDPE) 

Source : Polymer Testing, Volume 29, Issue 3, May 2010, Pages 346-351 


Keywords : High density polyethylene; Mechanical properties; Natural rubber powder; Recyclability; Thermoplastic natural rubber 

Abstract : Preparation of thermoplastic natural rubber (TPNR) was carried out by blending high density polyethylene (HDPE) with natural 

rubber powder (NRP) obtained from spray drying of pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex. The blend ratio of NRP/HDPE was 

varied and the properties and recyclability of the TPNRs were investigated. The results reveal that, due to flow restriction of 

432


the crosslinked NRP, viscosity of the TPNR increases continuously with increasing NRP content. As expected, when NRP 

content is increased, properties of the TPNR are more rubber-like, as clearly observed from the stress-strain curve 

characteristics, the reductions in modulus and hardness and, most importantly, the significant improvement of permanent set. 

Although phase size of the dispersed NRP is relatively large, the tensile strength tends to increase gradually with increasing 

NRP content. The phenomenon of strain-induced crystallization is proposed to explain the results. It is also found that 

recycling has a noticeably detrimental influence on most properties of the TPNRs such as tensile strength, tear strength, 

hardness and tension set. This is thought to be a consequence of thermal degradation of the NRP during the recycling 

process. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.1188 

Author (s) : Sae-Oui, P., Sirisinha, C., Thaptong, P., Intiya, W. 

Title : Possible use of ultra-fine acrylonitrile butadiene rubber powder as filler in natural rubber vulcanizates 

Source : Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Volume 118, Issue 1, 5 October 2010, Pages 353-358 


Keywords : Aging; Blends; Fillers; Mechanical properties; Rubber 

Abstract : Possible use of ultra-fine acrylonitrile butadiene rubber powder (UFNBRP) as a filler for natural rubber (NR) was investigated. 

The UFNBRP was added into NR at various concentrations, and the compound properties were determined. It is found that, 

with increasing UFNBRP loading, the compound viscosity is increased, whereas both scorch time and optimum curing time are 

significantly reduced. The results also reveal that UFNBRP has negative effect not only on crosslink density but also on most 

mechanical properties of the vulcanizate, such as tensile strength, tear strength, compression set, and abrasion resistance. 

The deterioration of these mechanical properties is thought to arise mainly from the combined effect of large phase size of 

the dispersed UFNBRP and low interfacial adhesion taking place from the polarity difference between UFNBRP and NR. 

Interestingly, it is found that, after aging, UFNBRP could promote postcuring phenomenon leading to increases of both relative 

100% modulus and relative tensile strength. Oil resistance is also found to improve considerably with increasing UFNBRP 

loading. This improvement is mainly attributed to the dilution effect, i.e., the higher the UFNBRP loading, the lower the NR 

portion and, thus, the greater the oil resistance of the vulcanizate. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 

No.1189 

Author (s) : Saepou, S., Pohmakotr, M., Reutrakul, V., Yoosook, C., Kasisit, J., Napaswad, C., Tuchinda, P. 

Title : Anti-HIV1 Diterpenoids from Leaves and Twigs of Polyalthia sclerophylla 



Keywords : Annonaceae; AntiHIV1 activity; Ent kuarane diterpenoids; Polyalthia sclerophylla 

Abstract : Bioassay-guided fractionation and purification of the anti-HIV-1-active MeOH extract from the leaves and twigs of Polyalthia 

sclerophylla led to the isolation of two new compounds, ent-kaur-sclerodimer (1) and cyclotucanol 3-palmitate (2), along 

with the known ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (3), 15-hydroxy-ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (4), 15-acetoxy-ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid 

(5), 15-oxo-ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (6), 16,17-dihydroxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (7), 16-hydroxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid 

(xylopic acid) (8), a pseudodimer (15-hydroxy-ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid/17-hydroxy-ent-kaur-15-en-19-oic acid) (9), ermanin, 

nicotiflorin, and allantoin. Among these isolates, compound 3 was the most active in both anti-syncytium (EC50 13.7μg/mL 

and selectivity index 3.1) and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (IC50 34.1μg/mL) assays. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart. 

No.1190 

Author (s) : Saetung, A., Rungvichaniwat, A., Campistron, I., Klinpituksa, P., Laguerre, A., Phinyocheep, P., Doutres, O., Pilard, J.-F. 

Title : Preparation and physico-mechanical, thermal and acoustic properties of flexible polyurethane foams basedon 

hydroxytelechelic natural rubber 

Source : Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Volume 117, Issue 2, 15 July 2010, Pages 828-837 


Keywords : Acoustic properties; Natural rubber; PHYSICO-mechanical properties; Polyurethane foams; Telechelic 

Abstract : Novel flexible polyurethane foams were successfully prepared from a renewable source, hydroxyte-lechelic natural rubber 

(HTNR) having different molecular weights (1000-3400 g mol-1) and variation of epoxide contents (EHTNR, 0-35% epoxidation) 

by a one-shot technique. The chemical and cell structures as well as physico-mechanical, thermal, and acoustic properties 

were characterized and compared with commercial polyol analogs. The obtained HTNR based foams are open cell structures 

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with cell dimensions between 0.38 and 0.47 mm. The HTNR1000 based foam exhibits better mechanical properties but lower 

elongation at break than those of commercial polyol analog. However, the HTNR3400 based foam shows the best elastic 

properties. In a series of EHTNR based foams, the tensile and compressive strengths show a tendency to increase with 

increasing epoxide content and amount of 1,4-butanediol (BD). The HTNR based foams demonstrate better low temperature 

flexibility than that of the foam based on commercial polyol. Moreover, the HTNR based polyurethane foams was found to 

be an excellent absorber of acoustics. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 

No.1191 

Author (s) : Saetung, A., Rungvichaniwat, A., Campistron, I., Klinpituksa, P., Laguerre, A., Phinyocheep, P., Pilard, J.-F. 

Title : Controlled degradation of natural rubber and modification of the obtained telechelic oligoisoprenes: Preliminary study of 

their potentiality as polyurethane foam precursors 

Source : Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Volume 117, Issue 3, 1 August 2010, Pages 1279-1289 


Keywords : Controlled degradation; Natural rubber; Polyurethane foam oligoisoprenes; Telechelic 

Abstract : Telechelic oligoisoprenes were successfully prepared by the selective controlled degradation of natural rubber, a renewable 

source, via epoxidation and cleavage reactions. The molar mass of the oligoisoprene product obtained depends on the 

degree of epoxidation of the starting materials. The chemically modified structures obtained via epoxidation, hydrogenation, 

and ring opening of epoxide groups were also studied, and the chemical structures and thermal properties of the 

oligoisoprene products were determined. Moreover, the preliminary study of preparation of hydroxytelechelic natural rubber 

(HTNR)-based polyurethane foam was performed. A novel HTNR-based polyurethane foam was successfully prepared and its 

thermal properties were investigated and the results indicated that the HTNR-based polyurethane foam has a good low 

temperature flexibility. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 

No.1192 

Author (s) : Saetung, S., Chailurkit, L., Ongphiphadhanakul, B. 

Title : Acute changes in biochemical markers of bone resorption and formation after Thai traditional massage 



Keywords : Bone formation; Bone resorption; Thai traditional massage 

Abstract : Background: Mechanical loadings by active exercise or passive low amplitude vibration have been demonstrated to enhance 

bone mass or delay bone loss. Traditional Thai massage can be anabolic to bone due to the application of physical loading 

on the body in a rhythmic fashion. Objective: To explore the skeletal effect of Thai traditional massage by examining the 

changes in biochemical markers of bone turnover immediately after the massage. Material and Method: Subjects consisted of 

30 healthy females aged 20-40 years. Each subject received Thai traditional massage for 2 hours by a single masseuse. Bone 

mineral density (BMD) at baseline was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). C-terminal telopeptide of type I 

collagen (CTx-I) and total procollagen type 1 amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP) were determined by 

electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Results: There was a 4.8% increase in serum P1NP concentrations after massage 

(median 43.4 ng/ml vs. 41.3 ng/ml, p < 0.05). Serum CTx-I also decreased after massage (median 2-hour vs. baseline 0.29 

ng/ml vs. 0.31 ng/ml, p < 0.05). There was a nearly significant negative correlation between the percentage change in serum 

P1NP and BMD at the total femur (r =-0.37, p = 0.056) whereas the statistically significant correlation disappeared between 

percentage change in bone turnover and the other sites of BMD. Conclusion: Thai traditional massage induces acute changes 

in bone formation and resorption markers. Study on the more prolonged effects of Thai traditional massage is warranted to 

explore its implication in the enhancement of bone health. 

No.1193 

Author (s) : Sae-Ung, K.; Govitrapong, P.; Ueda, K.; Phansuwan-Pujito, P. 

Title : MELATONIN DECREASES ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN IN MESOLIMBIC PATHWAY OF AMPHETAMINE-TREATED POSTNATAL RATS 





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No.1194 

Author (s) : Saewong, T., Ounjaijean, S., Mundee, Y., Pattanapanyasat, K., Fucharoen, S., Porter, J.B., Srichairatanakool, S. 

Title : Effects of green tea on iron accumulation and oxidative stress in livers of iron-challenged thalassemic mice 

Source : Medicinal Chemistry, Volume 6, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 57-64 


Keywords : Collagen; Green tea; Iron overload; Liver; Malondialdehyde; Thalassemia 

Abstract : Liver is affected by secondary iron overload in transfusions dependent β-thalassemia patients. The redox iron can generate 

reactive oxidants that damage biomolecules, leading to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Iron chelators are used to treat 

thalassemias to achieve negative iron balance and relieve oxidant-induced organ dysfunctions. Green tea (GT) (Camellia 

sinensis) catechins exhibit anti-oxidation, the inhibition of carcinogenesis, the detoxification of CYP2E1-catalyzed HepG2 cells 

and iron chelation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of GT in iron-challenged thalassemic mice. 

Heterozygous BKO type-thalassemia (BKO) mice (C57BL/6) experienced induced iron overload by being fed a ferrocenesupplemented 

diet (Fe diet) for 8 weeks, and by orally being given GT extract (300 mg/kg) and deferiprone (DFP) (50 mg/kg) 

for a further 8 weeks. Liver iron content (LIC) was analyzed by TPTZ colorimetric and Perl's staining techniques. 

Concentrations of liver reduced glutathione (GSH), collagen and malondialdehyde (MDA) were also measured. Dosages of the 

GT extract and DFP lowered LIC in the Fe diet-fed BKO mice effectively. The extract did not change any concentrations of 

liver glutathione, collagen and MDA in the BKO mice. Histochemical examination showed leukocyte infiltration in the nearby 

hepatic portal vein and high iron accumulation in the livers of the iron-loaded BKO mice, however GT treatment lowered the 

elevated iron deposition. In conclusion, green tea inhibits or delays the deposition of hepatic iron in regularly iron-loaded 

thalassemic mice effectively. This will prevent the iron-induced generation of free radicals via Haber-Weiss and Fenton 

reactions, and consequently liver damage and fibrosis. Combined chelation with green tea would be investigated in βthalassemia 

patients with iron overload. © 2010 Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. 

No.1195 

Author (s) : Saglio, G., Kim, D.-W., Issaragrisil, S., Le Coutre, P., Etienne, G., Lobo, C., Pasquini, R., Clark, R.E., Hochhaus, A., Hughes, T.P., 

Gallagher, N., Hoenekopp, A., Dong, M., Haque, A., Larson, R.A., Kantarjian, H.M. 

Title : Nilotinib versus imatinib for newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia 

Source : New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 362, Issue 24, 17 June 2010, Pages 2251-2259 


Keywords : imatinib, nilotinib, 4 methyl N (3 (4 methylimidazol 1 yl) 5 (trifluoromethyl)phenyl) 3 ((4 pyridin 3 ylpyrimidin 2 

yl)amino)benzamide, 4-methyl-N-(3-(4-methylimidazol-1-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-((4-pyridin-3-ylpyrimidin-2yl)amino)benzamide, 

antineoplastic agent, BCR ABL protein, piperazine derivative, protein kinase inhibitor, pyrimidine 

derivative; adult, aged, alanine aminotransferase blood level, alkaline phosphatase blood 

level, alopecia, anemia, article, aspartate aminotransferase blood level, bilirubin blood level, blast cell crisis, cancer 

growth, chronic myeloid leukemia, clinical trial, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, creatinine blood 

level, cytogenetics, diarrhea, drug dose reduction, drug eruption, drug withdrawal, eyelid 

edema, fatigue, female, gastrointestinal disease, glucose blood level, headache, human, major clinical study, male, molecular 

mechanics, multicenter study, muscle spasm, myalgia, nausea, neutropenia, open study, periorbital edema, peripheral 

edema, Philadelphia chromosome positive cell, phosphate blood level, priority journal, pruritus, randomized controlled 

trial, side effect, skin disease, thrombocytopenia, treatment response, triacylglycerol lipase blood 

level, vomiting, adolescent, comparative study, disease course, drug antagonism, Kaplan Meier method, middle aged, myeloid 

leukemia, pathology, phase 3 clinical trial; Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antineoplastic Agents, Blast 

Crisis, Disease Progression, Female, Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl, Humans, Kaplan-Meiers Estimate, Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic- 

Phase, Male, Middle Aged, Piperazines, Protein Kinase Inhibitors, Pyrimidines, Young Adult 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: Nilotinib has been shown to be a more potent inhibitor of BCR-ABL than imatinib. We evaluated the efficacy 

and safety of nilotinib, as compared with imatinib, in patients with newly diagnosed Philadelphia chromosome-positive 

chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in the chronic phase. METHODS: In this phase 3, randomized, open-label, multicenter study, 

we assigned 846 patients with chronic-phase Philadelphia chromosome-positive CML in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive nilotinib (at a 

dose of either 300 mg or 400 mg twice daily) or imatinib (at a dose of 400 mg once daily). The primary end point was the rate 

of major molecular response at 12 months. RESULTS: At 12 months, the rates of major molecular response for nilotinib (44% 

for the 300-mg dose and 43% for the 400-mg dose) were nearly twice that for imatinib (22%) (P


and 78% for the 400-mg dose) than for imatinib (65%) (P


No.1198 

Author (s) : Saiyood, S., Vangnai, A.S., Thiravetyan, P., Inthorn, D. 

Title : Bisphenol A removal by the Dracaena plant and the role of plant-associating bacteria 

Source : Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 178, Issue 1-3, June 2010, Pages 777-785 


Keywords : Bisphenol A; Dracaena plant; Plant-associating Bacillus sp; Plant-associating bacteria; Plant-associating Enterobacter sp. 

Abstract : Dracaena sanderiana and Dracaena fragrans plants, as representatives of native, tropical, evergreen plants with fibrous root 

systems, were evaluated for bisphenol A (BPA) tolerance and uptake capability. D. sanderiana demonstrated significantly 

higher BPA removal capability than D. fragrans. Therefore, it was chosen for further study. D. sanderiana tolerated BPA toxicity 

levels up to 80μM, while higher BPA concentrations damaged the plant. In the sterile hydroponic system with an initial BPA 

concentration of 20μM, the plant could uptake approximately 50% of the BPA. The plant's ability to translocate BPA was 

confirmed by the detection of BPA that accumulated at the roots and stems, but not at the leaves of the plant. Upon BPA 

exposure, the D. sanderiana secreted extracellular plant mucilage as a protective barrier to the toxic compound. In the nonsterile 

treatment, the BPA dissipation was contributed not only by the D. sanderiana plant, but also by the co-existing 

microbes. The BPA reached 85% of the initial concentration at 20μM. Among the six plant-associating bacterial isolates, 

Bacillus cereus strain BPW4 and Enterobacter sp. strain BPW5 colonized the D. sanderiana root surface and facilitated BPA 

dissipation in the hydroponic treatment system. In addition, the success of the BPA treatment in the hazardous waste landfill 

leachate demonstrated the potential application of D. sanderiana plant in the phytoremediation of BPA contaminated 

wastewater or industrial leachate. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

No.1199 

Author (s) : Sajan, C.P., Shahmoradi, B., Shivaraju, H.P., Rai, K.M.L., Ananda, S., Shayan, M.B., Thonthai, T., Rao, G.V.N., Byrappa, K. 

Title : Photocatalytic degradation of textile effluent using hydrothermally synthesised titania supported molybdenum oxide 

photocatalyst 

Source : Materials Research Innovations, Volume 14, Issue 1, 1 February 2010, Pages 89-94 


Keywords : Chemical oxygen demand; Hydrothermal; Photocatalytic; Textile effluent 

Abstract : The photocatalytic degradation of textile effluent using hydrothermally synthesised titania supported molybdenum oxide 

photocatalyst at 200°C with an autogenous pressure and experimental duration of 24 h has been reported. A control over the 

particle size, morphology and crystallinity of the photocatalyst has been studied with respect to the experimental parameters 

such as nutrient composition, solvent, pH, experimental duration, temperature and pressure. The products synthesised were 

characterised using XRD, SEM, FTIR, etc. The photodegradation of textile effluent using these composite was investigated 

under both solar and ultraviolet irradiation. The degradation of textile effluent was checked by the following parameters: 

chemical oxygen demand (COD), percentage transmission (%T), irradiation time and duration. The preliminary results are 

highly encouraging and further work is being carried out for the use of these photocatalytic compounds for other organic 

decomposition. © 2010 W. S. Maney & Son Ltd. 

No.1200 

Author (s) : Saksiri, B., Ruenwongsa, P. 

Title : Effects of a virtual sign animated pedagogical agent on ICT learning 



Keywords : Deaf and hard of hearing; ICT learning; Sign language avatar 

Abstract : This study explored the use of a Virtual Sign Animated Pedagogical Agent (VSAPA) designed to assist Deaf and Hard of Hearing 

(DHH) college students' learning with a multimedia on Information and Computer Technology (ICT). VSAPA is a software tool 

(avatar) designed to be the substitute for the sign language interpreter. Participants in this study were forty DHH college 

students randomly divided into four groups: one control group and three experimental groups. The first experimental group 

received ICT learning via the VSAPA learning environment. The second group was exposed to the same ICT content via a 

Hearing Teacher via Sign Language Interpreter (HTSLI). The third group studied by themselves using Text-Assisted (TA) 

instruction. The control group received none of the above treatment. Before the intervention, all groups were given the pretest 

on principles of computer and communication fundamental software and hardware. One week later all groups received 

the post-test. The students in the three experimental groups were randomly selected for semi-structured interview. All the 

437


teaching-learning processes were videotape-recorded and analyzed for students' response to the treatments. The results 

showed that students exposed to the VSAPA learning environment had more percentage gain in the post-test when 

compared those in the HTSLI and TA groups. The DHH students also had high positive attitudes toward the VSAPA learning 

environment. This study suggests that incorporating a virtual sign animated pedagogical agent into a multimedia learning 

environment can enhance DHH students' learning. © Common Ground, Benjaporn Saksiri, Pintip Ruenwongsa. 

No.1201 

Author (s) : Saksmerprome, V., Puiprom, O., Noonin, C., Flegel, T.W. 

Title : Detection of infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV) in farmed Australian Penaeus monodon by PCR 

analysis and DNA sequencing 

Source : Aquaculture, Volume 298, Issue 3-4, 7 January 2010, Pages 190-193 


Keywords : Australia; IHHNV; Infectious; Parvoviridae; PstDNV; Shrimp; Virus 

Abstract : Infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV) of shrimp has recently been classified as Penaeus stylirostris 

brevidensovirus (PstDNV) in the family Parvoviridae. Genetic variants have been reported in the Black Tiger shrimp Penaeus 

monodon over its natural range from East Africa to Australasia. Previous reports from Australia have suggested that a distinct, 

non-infectious type of IHHNV that is inserted into the shrimp host genome is the only type of IHHNV that occurs there. Here 

we describe an infectious type of IHHNV identified from farmed P. monodon in Australia in April 2008 by PCR amplification 

from two regions of the IHHNV genome, one reported to be discriminatory for the infectious type of IHHNV and the other 

(from IHHNV ORF1/2) not described in the non-infectious, inserted type. In addition, we used overlapping PCR primers to 

amplify all of the ORFs of the IHHNV genome (approximately 3.6 kb) from the Australian samples, except for the hairpin loop 

ends (GQ475529). Comparison of the maximum possible portion of this sequence with 8 GenBank records of IHHNV isolates 

reported from Asia (2814 bases relative to positions 588 to 3413 of GenBank AF273215) revealed 94-95% identity in nucleic 

acid sequence and 96 to 97% identity in amino acid sequence. These results were in agreement with an official report by the 

World Organization for Animal Health in July 2008 for the presence of infectious IHHNV in Australia. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All 


No.1202 

Author (s) : Salaemae, W., Junaid, M., Angsuthanasombat, C., Katzenmeier, G. 

Title : Structure-guided mutagenesis of active site residues in the dengue virus two-component protease NS2B-NS3 

Source : Journal of Biomedical Science, Volume 17, Issue 1, 2010, Article number 68 


Keywords : alanine, antivirus agent, mutant protein, nonstructural protein 2B, nonstructural protein 3, proteinase, recombinant 

protein, unclassified drug, virus protein, multiprotein complex, NS2B protein, flavivirus, NS3 protease, dengue virus, serine 

proteinase; amino acid sequence, amino acid substitution, article, catalysis, controlled study, Dengue virus, Dengue virus 

1, Dengue virus 2, Dengue virus 3, Dengue virus 4, enzyme active site, enzyme activity, enzyme assay, enzyme 

binding, enzyme conformation, enzyme kinetics, enzyme release, enzyme substrate, Escherichia coli, fluorescence 

analysis, fluorometry, gene mutation, nonhuman, priority journal, protein expression, protein purification, protein 

structure, protein targeting, site directed mutagenesis, structure activity relation, structure analysis, West Nile flavivirus, wild 

type, comparative study, enzyme specificity, enzymology, genetics, kinetics, methodology, protein conformation; Dengue 

virus; Catalytic Domain, Dengue Virus, Fluorometry, Kinetics, Multiprotein Complexes, Mutagenesis, Site-Directed, Protein 

Conformation, Serine Endopeptidases, Substrate Specificity, Viral Nonstructural Proteins 

Abstract : Background. The dengue virus two-component protease NS2B/NS3 mediates processing of the viral polyprotein precursor and 

is therefore an important determinant of virus replication. The enzyme is now intensively studied with a view to the 

structure-based development of antiviral inhibitors. Although 3-dimensional structures have now been elucidated for a 

number of flaviviral proteases, enzyme-substrate interactions are characterized only to a limited extend. The high selectivity 

of the dengue virus protease for the polyprotein precursor offers the distinct advantage of designing inhibitors with exquisite 

specificity for the viral enzyme. To identify important determinants of substrate binding and catalysis in the active site of the 

dengue virus NS3 protease, nine residues, L115, D129, G133, T134, Y150, G151, N152, S163 and I165, located within the S1 

and S2 pockets of the enzyme were targeted by alanine substitution mutagenesis and effects on enzyme activity were 

fluorometrically assayed. Methods. Alanine substitutions were introduced by site-directed mutagenesis at residues L115, D129, 

G133, T134, Y150, G151, N152, S163 and I165 and recombinant proteins were purified from overexpressing E. coli. Effects of 

438


these substitutions on enzymatic activity of the NS3 protease were assayed by fluorescence release from the synthetic model 

substrate GRR-amc and kinetic parameters Km, kcatand kcat/K mwere determined. Results. Kinetic data for mutant derivatives 

in the active site of the dengue virus NS3 protease were essentially in agreement with a functional role of the selected 

residues for substrate binding and/or catalysis. Only the L115A mutant displayed activity comparable to the wild-type 

enzyme, whereas mutation of residues Y150 and G151 to alanine completely abrogated enzyme activity. A G133A mutant had 

an approximately 10-fold reduced catalytic efficiency thus suggesting a critical role for this residue seemingly as part of the 

oxyanion binding hole. Conclusions. Kinetic data obtained for mutants in the NS3 protease have confirmed predictions for the 

conformation of the active site S1 and S2 pockets based on earlier observations. The data presented herein will be useful to 

further explore structure-activity relationships of the flaviviral proteases important for the structure-guided design of novel 

antiviral therapeutics. © 2010 Salaemae et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.1203 

Author (s) : Saleesung, T., Saeoui, P., Sirisinha, C. 

Title : Mechanical and thermal properties of thermoplastic elastomer based on low density polyethylene and ultra-fine fullyvulcanized 

acrylonitrile butadiene rubber powder (UFNBRP) 

Source : Polymer Testing, Volume 29, Issue 8, December 2010, Pages 977-983 


Keywords : Low density polyethylene; Nitrile rubber; Rubber powder; Thermoplastic elastomer 

Abstract : Ultra-fine fully vulcanized acrylonitrile butadiene rubber powder (UFNBRP) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) were used 

for preparing thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs). A simple blending technique was utilized as an alternative to a complex 

dynamic vulcanization process typically used for the preparation of TPVs. Blend composition ratio of UFNBRP/LDPE was 

varied, and the properties of the TPVs were investigated. Morphological result reveals that all blends exhibit a two-phase 

morphology in which the UFNBRP particles form the dispersed phase in the LDPE matrix. This implies successful TPV 

preparation. Viscoelastic behavior of the TPVs was found to be governed by UFNBRP loading. As expected, with increasing 

UFNBRP loading, the elastic contribution increases as evidenced by the decreases in sensitivity of storage modulus to test 

frequency and in creep compliance. The rheological results are in line with the improvements in rebound resilience and 

compression set. The presence of chemical crosslinks in UFNBRP in conjunction with the formation of a transient network of 

rubber particles is thought to be responsible for such increase in elastic response. Additionally, degree of crystallinity and oil 

resistance of the TPVs were found to decrease with an increase in UFNBRP loading. The suppression of LDPE crystallization is 

probably caused by the UFNBRP particles locating in the interlamellar spaces of the LDPE matrix. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All 


No.1204 

Author (s) : Saletta, F., Rahmanto, Y.S., Noulsri, E., Richardson, D.R. 

Title : Iron chelator-mediated alterations in gene expression: Identification of novel iron-regulated molecules that are molecular 

targets of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and p53 

Source : Molecular Pharmacology, Volume 77, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 443-458 


Keywords : 2 hydroxy 1 naphthylaldehyde isonicotinoyl hydrazone, amyloid precursor protein, chelating agent, complementary 

DNA, complementary RNA, deferoxamine, early growth response factor 1, growth differentiation factor 15, hydrazone 

derivative, hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha, iron, ligand, messenger RNA, protein p53, transcription factor, unclassified drug; 

apoptosis, article, cancer inhibition, cell strain MCF 7, chemical structure, controlled study, gene expression 

regulation, genome, human, human cell, iron chelation, iron deficiency, microarray analysis, nucleotide sequence, priority 

journal, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, tumor cell, Western blotting; Animals, Apoptosis, Cell 

Proliferation, Cells, Cultured, Gene Expression Regulation, Gene Targeting, Genes, p53, Growth Inhibitors, Humans, Hypoxia- 

Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit, Iron, Iron Chelating Agents, Iron-Regulatory Proteins, Mice, Mice, Knockout, Tumor Cells, 

Cultured 

Abstract : Iron deficiency affects 500 million people, yet the molecular role of iron in gene expression remains poorly characterized. In 

addition, the alterations in global gene expression after iron chelation remain unclear and are important to assess for 

understanding the molecular pathology of iron deficiency and the biological effects of chelators. Considering this, we 

assessed the effect on whole genome gene expression of two iron chelators (desferrioxamine and 2-hydroxy-1napthylaldehyde 

isonicotinoyl hydrazone) that have markedly different permeability properties. Sixteen genes were 

439


significantly regulated by both ligands, whereas a further 50 genes were significantly regulated by either compound. Apart 

from ironmediated regulation of expression via hypoxia inducible factor-1α, it was noteworthy that the transcription factor 

p53 was also involved in iron-regulated gene expression. Examining 16 genes regulated by both chelators in normal and 

neoplastic cells, five genes (APP, GDF15, CITED2, EGR1, and PNRC1) were significantly differentially expressed between the cell 

types. In view of their functions in tumor suppression, proliferation, and apoptosis, these findings are important for 

understanding the selective antiproliferative effects of chelators against neoplastic cells. Most of the genes identified have 

not been described previously to be iron-regulated and are important for understanding the molecular and cellular effects of 

iron depletion. Copyright © 2010 The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 

No.1205 

Author (s) : Sangjan, S., Traiphol, N., Traiphol, R. 

Title : Improvement of ultrathin polystyrene film stability by addition of poly(styrene-stat-chloromethylstyrene) copolymer: An 

atomic force microscopy study 

Source : Thin Solid Films, Volume 518, Issue 17, 30 June 2010, Pages 4879-4883 


Keywords : Additive; Atomic force microscopy; Dewetting; Interface structure; Polystyrene; Thin films 

Abstract : A method to improve the stability of ultrathin polystyrene (PS) films on SiOx/Si substrate is introduced. In this method, 

interfacial interactions between PS film and substrate are enhanced by addition of poly(styrene-statchloromethylstyrene(ClMS)) 

copolymer containing 5 mol% of ClMS group. The resulting slight structural modification of the 

copolymer does not cause phase separation in the polymer blend. On the other hand, the existence of polar ClMS groups 

provides anchoring sites on the polar SiOx surface via dipolar interactions. In this study, ratios of the copolymers are varied 

from 0 to 40 wt.% in the thin films resulting in a systematic increase of the interfacial interactions. The dewetting behaviors of 

all films subjected to the same annealing conditions are explored via atomic force microscopy. The analyses of root mean 

square roughness and dewetting area as a function of annealing time and copolymer ratio provide information about the film 

stability. Our results indicate that blending small quantity of the copolymer with PS significantly increases the stability of 

ultrathin films. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.1206 

Author (s) : Sangket, U., Mahasirimongkol, S., Chantratita, W., Tandayya, P., Aulchenko, Y.S. 

Title : ParallABEL: An R library for generalized parallelization of genome-wide association studies 

Source : BMC Bioinformatics, Volume 11, 29 April 2010, Article number 217 


Keywords : article, computer program, gene library, genetic association, genome, genomics, methodology, single nucleotide 

polymorphism; Gene Library, Genome, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genomics, Polymorphism, Single 

Nucleotide, Software 

Abstract : Background: Genome-Wide Association (GWA) analysis is a powerful method for identifying loci associated with complex traits 

and drug response. Parts of GWA analyses, especially those involving thousands of individuals and consuming hours to 

months, will benefit from parallel computation. It is arduous acquiring the necessary programming skills to correctly partition 

and distribute data, control and monitor tasks on clustered computers, and merge output files.Results: Most components of 

GWA analysis can be divided into four groups based on the types of input data and statistical outputs. The first group 

contains statistics computed for a particular Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP), or trait, such as SNP characterization 

statistics or association test statistics. The input data of this group includes the SNPs/traits. The second group concerns 

statistics characterizing an individual in a study, for example, the summary statistics of genotype quality for each sample. The 

input data of this group includes individuals. The third group consists of pair-wise statistics derived from analyses between 

each pair of individuals in the study, for example genome-wide identity-by-state or genomic kinship analyses. The input data 

of this group includes pairs of SNPs/traits. The final group concerns pair-wise statistics derived for pairs of SNPs, such as the 

linkage disequilibrium characterisation. The input data of this group includes pairs of individuals. We developed the 

ParallABEL library, which utilizes the Rmpi library, to parallelize these four types of computations. ParallABEL library is not 

only aimed at GenABEL, but may also be employed to parallelize various GWA packages in R. The data set from the North 

American Rheumatoid Arthritis Consortium (NARAC) includes 2,062 individuals with 545,080, SNPs' genotyping, was used to 

measure ParallABEL performance. Almost perfect speed-up was achieved for many types of analyses. For example, the 

computing time for the identity-by-state matrix was linearly reduced from approximately eight hours to one hour when 

440


ParallABEL employed eight processors.Conclusions: Executing genome-wide association analysis using the ParallABEL library 

on a computer cluster is an effective way to boost performance, and simplify the parallelization of GWA studies. ParallABEL is 

a user-friendly parallelization of GenABEL. © 2010 Sangket et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.1207 

Author (s) : Sangruchi, T.; Phukaoloun, M.; Manonukul, J.; Sithinamsuwan, P. 

Title : Pathology of pythium arteritis 

Source : HISTOPATHOLOGY, Volume: 57, Supplement: 1, Pages: 176-176, Meeting Abstract: 491, Published: OCT 2010 




No.1208 

Author (s) : Sangsupawanich, P., Mahakittikun, V., Chongsuvivatwong, V., Mo-suwan, L., Choprapawon, C. 

Title : Effect of helminthic infections together with mite allergen exposure on the risk of wheeze in preschool children 



Keywords : house dust allergen; article, Ascaris lumbricoides, child, cohort analysis, controlled study, disease association, disease 

predisposition, dust exposure, environmental exposure, feces analysis, female, helminthiasis, hookworm, hookworm 

infection, human, information processing, informed consent, major clinical study, male, parasite transmission, population 

based case control study, preschool child, prevalence, prospective study, questionnaire, Thailand, Trichuris, wheezing; 

Animals, Antigens, Dermatophagoides, Ascariasis, Ascaris lumbricoides, Child, 

Preschool, Female, Hospitalization, Humans, Hypersensitivity, Infant, Male, Prospective 

Studies, Pyroglyphidae, Questionnaires, Respiratory Sounds, Risk Factors, Skin Tests, Thailand 

Abstract : Although some studies have indicated that helminthic infections and house dust mite exposure may have an alleviating 

effect on wheeze, an interaction effect of both risk factors has not been examined in Thailand. The objective of this study 

was to investigate whether exposure to helminthic infections together with house dust mite allergen was associated with 

wheeze in children aged 18-36 months, living in an area of southern Thailand where helminthic infections are endemic. This 

study was undertaken as a part of The Prospective Cohort Study of Thai Children which recruited 1,076 children born 

between December 2000 and November 2001. A home dust sample was collected once when the infants were 12-18 months 

old to measure house dust mite allergen (Der p1). Questionnaire data on wheeze and a stool specimen for soil-transmitted 

helminth analysis were collected at age 18-36 months. Prevalence of exposure to house dust mite allergen (Der p1) > 10 

μg/g dust was 31.8%. Soiltransmitted helminths were present in 25.0%, predominately Ascaris lumbricoides. Hookworm 

infection was associated with a physician's diagnosis of wheeze (OR 4.20, 95% CI 1.45-12.10) and hospitalized wheeze (OR 

5.40, 95% CI 1.26-23.01). Hospitalized wheeze was significantly higher in subjects exposed to Der p1 2-10 μg/g dust. 

Helminthic infections were not associated with a significant interaction effect with mite allergen against a risk of wheeze. Our 

survey confirms that hookworm infection and mite allergen exposure are independent risk factors for childhood wheeze and 

there is no evidence of important interaction between the two. 

No.1209 

Author (s) : Sangsuriya, P., Rojtinnakorn, J., Senapin, S., Flegel, T.W. 

Title : Identification and characterization of Alix/AIP1 interacting proteins from the black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon 

Source : Journal of Fish Diseases, Volume 33, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 571-581 


Keywords : Alix; Apoptosis; Guanylyl cyclase; Penaeus monodon; Ubiquitin; White spot syndrome virus 

Abstract : Apoptosis is proposed to be a major cause of death in shrimp viral infections. From our previous study, an apoptosis-related 

gene, Pm-Alix, was identified from the black tiger shrimp. Its expression was high in defence-related tissues including 

haemocytes and the lymphoid organ. To clarify its possible role in shrimp, we used Pm-Alix as bait in a yeast two-hybrid 

analysis to search for Alix interacting proteins in shrimp. Two cDNA sequences discovered had homology to a predicted 

ubiquitin C of the purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, and to a guanylyl cyclase of the red swamp crayfish, 

Procambarus clarkii. In vitro pull-down assays confirmed positive interaction between Pm-Alix and both proteins. Tissue 

distribution analysis revealed that Pm-Alix and the two binding partners were widely expressed in various tissues but more 

441


highly expressed in haemocytes. However, no significant positive or negative correlation was found in the expression of these 

genes as shrimp approached morbidity and death after challenge with white spot syndrome virus. Thus, the results suggested 

that Alix and its interacting partners did not play a direct role related to shrimp death. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 

No.1210 

Author (s) : Sa-nguanmoo, P.; Thawornsuk, N.; Rianthavorn, P.; Sommanustweechai, A.; Ratanakorn, P.; Poovorawan, Y. 

Title : High prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis A virus among captive nonhuman primates 

Source : PRIMATES, Volume: 51, Issue: 2, Pages: 167-170, DOI: 10.1007/s10329-009-0172-z, Published: APR 2010 


Keywords : Hepatitis A virus; Captive nonhuman primates; EIA; HAV antibodies 

Abstract : Hepatitis A virus (HAV) can infect not only humans but also several other nonhuman primates. This study has been 

conducted to evaluate the comprehensive anti-HAV seroprevalence in captive nonhuman primate populations in Thailand. 

The prevalence of antibodies against HAV in 96 captive nonhuman primates of 11 species was evaluated by competitive 

enzyme immunoassay (EIA). HAV antibodies were found in 64.7% (11/17) of macaques, 85.7% (6/7) of langurs, 28.4% (10/35) 

of gibbons, and 94.6% (35/37) of orangutans. However, anti-HAV IgM was not found in any sera. These results indicate that the 

majority of captive nonhuman primates in Thailand were exposed to HAV. It is possible that some of the animals were 

infected prior to capture. 

No.1211 

Author (s) : Sansukcharearnpon, A., Wanichwecharungruang, S., Leepipatpaiboon, N., Kerdcharoen, T., Arayachukeat, S. 

Title : High loading fragrance encapsulation based on a polymer-blend: Preparation and release behavior 

Source : International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Volume 391, Issue 1-2, May 2010, Pages 267-273 


Keywords : Controlled release; Encapsulation; Essential oil; Fragrance; Nanoparticles; TGA 

Abstract : The six fragrances, camphor, citronellal, eucalyptol, limonene, menthol and 4-tert-butylcyclohexyl acetate, which represent 

different chemical functionalities, were encapsulated with a polymer-blend of ethylcellulose (EC), hydroxypropyl 

methylcellulose (HPMC) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PV(OH)) using solvent displacement (ethanol displaced by water). The 

process gave ≥40% fragrance loading capacity with ≥80% encapsulation efficiency at the fragrance to polymer weight ratio of 

1:1 and at initial polymer concentrations of 2000-16,000. ppm and the obtained fragrance-encapsulated spheres showed 

hydrodynamic diameters of less than 450. nm. The release profile of the encapsulated fragrances, evaluated by both thermal 

gravimetric and electronic nose techniques, indicated different release characteristics amongst the six encapsulated 

fragrances. Limonene showed the fastest release with essentially no retention by the nanoparticles, while eucalyptol and 

menthol showed the slowest release. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

No.1212 

Author (s) : Santawisuk, W., Kanchanavasita, W., Sirisinha, C., Harnirattisai, C. 

Title : Dynamic viscoelastic properties of experimental silicone soft lining materials 

Source : Dental Materials Journal, Volume 29, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 454-460 


Keywords : Dynamic viscoelastic properties; Silicone elastomer; Soft lining material 

Abstract : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dynamic viscoelastic properties of experimental silicone soft lining materials, 

Silastic® 4-4210 reinforced with silica fillers. Storage modulus (E'), loss modulus (E") and damping factor (tan δ) were 

determined using mechanical analyzer under a deformation strain level of 0.27% at test frequency and a temperature range 

of 1 Hz and 0 to respectively. The degree of silica dispersion was also studied using a field emission scanning electron 

microscopy (FE-SEM). ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test results indicated that the prepared silicone elastomers provided a 

significantly greater factor, but less storage modulus than GC Reline Soft and Tokuyama Sofreliner Tough (p


Title : Effectiveness of pharmacist-participated warfarin therapy management: A systematic review and meta-analysis 

Source : Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Volume 8, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 2418-2427 


Keywords : Anticoagulation clinic; Bleeding; Meta-analysis; Pharmacist; Systematic review; Thromboembolism; Warfarin 

Abstract : Objective: Although pharmacist-participated warfarin therapy management (PWTM) has been accepted and implemented in 

various parts of the world, the evidence demonstrating the effects of PWTM compared with usual care on clinical outcomes 

is lacking. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the effects of PWTM with usual care on bleeding 

and thromboembolic outcomes. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, SCOPUS, EMBASE, IPA, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, Thai 

Index Medicus and Thai Medical Index, and reference lists of studies, without language restriction. Databases were searched 

from their inception to July 2009. The studies using warfarin as an anticoagulant with sufficient data for compilation of 2 × 2 

tables were included. Both randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs were considered. Two authors independently 

reviewed each study, assigned quality scores and extracted data for all outcomes using a standardized form. Pooled effect 

estimates (risk ratio; RR) were obtained using a random effects model. Result: Of 661 articles identified, 24 studies with 

728,377 patients were included. In the random-effects meta-analysis of RCTs, the PWTM group had statistically significant 

effects on the prevention of total bleeding [RR, 0.51; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.28-0.94]. However, the effects on major 

bleeding (RR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.18-2.36), thromboembolic events (RR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.33-1.93), all-cause mortality (RR, 0.93; 95% 

CI, 0.41-2.13) and warfarin-related mortality (RR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.18-2.42) were not significant. Conclusion: Pharmacist's 

participation in the management of warfarin therapy significantly reduces total bleeding, with a non-significant trend towards 

decreases in other warfarin-related complications. © 2010 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 

No.1214 

Author (s) : Saowakon, N.; Chaichanasak, P.; Wanichanon, C.; Reutrakul, V; Sobhon, P. 

Title : In vitro effect of an aqueous extract of Artocarpus lakoocha on the intestinal parasites in cattle 





No.1215 

Author (s) : Sappat, A., Jaroenram, W., Kiatpathomchai, W., Lomas, T., Tuantranont, A. 

Title : Turbidity detection of shrimp taura syndrome virus by loop-mediated isothermal amplification reaction 



Keywords : Agarose gel electrophoresis, Detection limits, Disease diagnosis, Economic loss, Gene amplification, Novel methods, Optimal 

temperature, Reverse transcription, Sample solution, Shrimp aquaculture, Spectroscopic measurements, Thailand, Turbidity 

measurements; Agriculture, Aquaculture, Computer viruses, Detectors, Diagnosis, Electrophoresis, Gels, Light emitting 

diodes, Magnesium, Nanoelectronics, Nucleic acids, Physical optics, Synthesis (chemical), Transcription, Turbidity, Viruses; 

Amplification 

Abstract : Reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay is a novel method of gene amplification that 

amplifies nucleic acid, which can be applied for disease diagnosis in shrimp aquaculture. During the LAMP reaction, the white 

precipitate of magnesium pyrophosphate (Mg2P 2O7) is formed correlates with the amount of synthesized DNA. So, the 

turbidity can be measured. In this study, a portable turbidimeter has been developed for field to detection of Taura 

Syndrome Virus (TSV) that causes large economic losses to most major shrimp-producing countries including Thailand. The 

device could maintain an optimal temperature (63 °C) for 25 μl of LAMP sample solution contained in a 0.2 ml commercial 

PCR tube. We also applied the spectroscopic measurement technique to monitor a by-product of LAMP reaction, light 

emitting diode (LED) was used as a light source. Light dependent resistance (LDR) was used as detector. The results obtained 

from turbidity measurement revealed the same detection limit to those from agarose gel electrophoresis method. ©2010 

IEEE. 

No.1216 

Author (s) : Sarapusit, S., Pethuan, S., Rongnoparut, P. 

443


Title : Mosquito NADPH-cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase: Kinetics and role of phenylalanine amino acid substitutions at leu86 and 

leu219 in CYP6AA3-mediated deltamethrin metabolism 

Source : Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, Volume 73, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 232-244 


Keywords : Anopheles minimus; CYP6AA3; CYPOR; Deltamethrin; Flavin cofactors; Kinetic study 

Abstract : The NADPH-cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (CYPOR) enzyme is a membrane-bound protein and contains both FAD and 

FMN cofactors. The enzyme transfers two electrons, one at a time, from NADPH to cytochrome P450 enzymes to function in 

the enzymatic reactions. We previously expressed in Escherichia coli the membrane-bound CYPOR (flAnCYPOR) from 

Anopheles minimus mosquito. We demonstrated the ability of flAnCYPOR to support the An. minimus CYP6AA3 enzyme 

activity in deltamethrin degradation in vitro. The present study revealed that the flAnCYPOR purified enzyme, analyzed by a 

fluorometric method, readily lost its flavin cofactors. When supplemented with exogenous flavin cofactors, the activity of 

flAnCYPOR-mediated cytochrome c reduction was increased. Mutant enzymes containing phenylalanine substitutions at 

leucine residues 86 and 219 were constructed and found to increase retention of FMN cofactor in the flAnCYPOR enzymes. 

Kinetic study by measuring cytochrome c-reducing activity indicated that the wild-type and mutant flAnCYPORs followed a 

non-classical two-site Ping-Pong mechanism, similar to rat CYPOR. The single mutant (L86F or L219F) and double mutant 

(L86F/L219F) flAnCYPOR enzymes, upon reconstitution with the An. minimus cytochrome P450 CYP6AA3 and a NADPHregenerating 

system, increased CYP6AA3-mediated deltamethrin degradation compared to the wild-type flAnCYPOR enzyme. 

The increased enzyme activity could illustrate a more efficient electron transfer of AnCYPOR to CYP6AA3 cytochrome P450 

enzyme. Addition of extra flavin cofactors could increase CYP6AA3-mediated activity supported by wild-type and mutant 

flAnCYPOR enzymes. Thus, both leucine to phenylalanine substitutions are essential for flAnCYPOR enzyme in supporting 

CYP6AA3-mediated metabolism. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 

No.1217 

Author (s) : Sasaki, T., Hirai, I., Niki, M., Nakamura, T., Komalamisra, C., Maipanich, W., Kusolsuk, T., Sa-nguankiat, S., Pubampen, S., 

Yamamoto, Y. 

Title : High prevalence of CTX-M β-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae in stool specimens obtained from healthy individuals in 

Thailand 

Source : Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Volume 65, Issue 4, 27 January 2010, Article number dkq008, Pages 666-668 


Keywords : ESBLs; Faecal carriage; Genotypes; Rural areas 

Abstract : Objectives: To determine the prevalence of CTX-M β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in stool specimens obtained 

from healthy individuals in a rural area of Thailand. Methods: Bacteria in stool specimens were screened for extendedspectrum 

β-lactamase (ESBL) production on McConkey agar with cefotaxime and confirmed by the double-disc synergy test. 

Genetic detection and genotyping of CTX-M-type ESBL was performed by PCR with bacterial DNA extracted from isolates. 

Results: A markedly high number (82 of 141, 58.2%) of the specimens showed the presence of CTX-M β-lactamase-producing 

Enterobacteriaceae, as confirmed by both phenotypic and genetic examinations. The majority of the CTX-M β-lactamaseproducing 

bacteria were Escherichia coli (85.1%). Conclusions: The study revealed the wide dissemination of CTX-M βlactamase-producing 

Enterobacteriaceae in the healthy population. © The Author 2010. Published by Oxford University Press 

on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 

No.1218 

Author (s) : Sasanakul, W.; Chuansumrit, A.; Kadegasem, P.; Chaiyaratana, W. 

Title : Simple and accurate bedside diagnostic kit for determining hemophilia A and B 





No.1219 

Author (s) : Sataloff, R.T., Praneetvatakul, P., Heuer, R.J., Hawkshaw, M.J., Heman-Ackah, Y.D., Schneider, S.M., Mandel, S. 

Title : Laryngeal Electromyography: Clinical Application 

Source : Journal of Voice, Volume 24, Issue 2, March 2010, Pages 228-234 

444



Keywords : Electromyography; Laryngeal electromyography; Vocal fold fixation; Vocal fold paralysis; Vocal fold paresis 

Abstract : Laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) is a valuable adjunct in clinical management of patients with voice disorders. LEMG is 

valuable in differentiating vocal fold paresis/paralysis from cricoarytenoid joint fixation. Our data indicate that visual 

assessment alone is inadequate to diagnose neuromuscular dysfunction in the larynx and that diagnoses based on vocal 

dynamics assessment and strobovideolaryngoscopy are wrong in nearly one-third of cases, based on LEMG results. LEMG has 

also proven valuable in diagnosing neuromuscular dysfunction in some dysphonic patients with no obvious vocal fold 

movement abnormalities observed during strobovideolaryngoscopy. Review of 751 patients suggests that there is a 

correlation between the severity of paresis and treatment required to achieve satisfactory outcomes; that is, LEMG allows us 

to predict whether patients will probably require therapy alone or therapy combined with surgery. Additional evidence-based 

research should be encouraged to evaluate efficacy further. © 2010 The Voice Foundation. 

No.1220 

Author (s) : Satangput, P., Gerdsri, N., Damrongchai, N. 

Title : Scenario analysis for identifying the development areas of future technologies to combat emerging infectious diseases: APEC 

efforts 

Source : 5th IEEE International Conference on Management of Innovation and Technology, ICMIT2010, art. no. 5492840, pp. 45-50. 


Keywords : EIDs; Emerging infectious diseases; Scenario analysis; Technology roadmapping 

Abstract : This paper presents the key findings from the collaborative study among APEC members to address the possibilities on the 

future development of emerging infectious diseases and the opportunities/challenges that technologies can be effectively 

exploited to deal with diseases. The scenario planning technique has been applied in the study and integrated with 

bibliometric analysis and technology roadmapping. As a result, experts highlighted the future development of key 

technological domains in the areas of modeling, tracking and vaccine development. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.1221 

Author (s) : Sathornsumetee, S., Desjardins, A., Vredenburgh, J.J., McLendon, R.E., Marcello, J., Herndon, J.E., Mathe, A., Hamilton, M., Rich, 

J.N., Norfleet, J.A., Gururangan, S., Friedman, H.S., Reardon, D.A. 

Title : Phase II trial of bevacizumab and erlotinib in patients with recurrent malignant glioma 

Source : Neuro-Oncology, 12 (12), pp. 1300-1310. 


Keywords : Antiangiogenesis; Bevacizumab; EGFR; Glioblastoma; Malignant glioma; VEGF 

Abstract : Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling are established contributors 

to malignant glioma (MG) biology. We, therefore, evaluated bevacizumab, a humanized anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody, in 

combination with the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib, in this phase 2 study for recurrent MG patients (www. 

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00671970). Fifty-seven patients(n 5 25, glioblastoma [GBM]; n 5 32, anaplastic glioma [AG]) were 

enrolled. The primary endpoint was 6-month progression-free survival (PFS-6). Overall survival (OS), radiographic response, 

pharmacokinetics, and correlative biomarkers were the secondary endpoints. Patients were stratified based on the concurrent 

use of enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs (EIAEDs). Bevacizumab (10 mg/kg) was given intravenously every 2 weeks. Erlotinib 

was orally administered daily at 200 mg/day for patients not on EIAEDs and 500 mg/day for patients on EIAEDs. PFS-6 and 

median OS were 28% and 42 weeks for GBM patients and 44% and 71 weeks for AG patients, respectively. Twelve (48%) GBM 

patients and 10 (31%) AG patients achieved a radiographic response. Erlotinib pharmacokinetic exposures were comparable 

between EIAED and non-EIAED groups. Rash, mucositis, diarrhea, and fatigue were common but mostly grades 1 and 2. Among 

GBM patients, grade 3 rash, observed in 32%, was associated with survival benefit, whereas elevated hypoxia-inducible factor- 

2 alpha and VEGF receptor- 2 levels were associated with poor survival. Bevacizumab plus erlotinib was adequately tolerated 

in recurrent MG patients. However, this regimen was associated with similar PFS benefit and radiographic response when 

compared with other historical bevacizumab- containing regimens. © The Author(s) 2010. 

No.1222 

Author (s) : Sato, M., Pongvongsa, T., Sanguankiat, S., Yoonuan, T., Dekumyoy, P., Kalambaheti, T., Keomoungkhoun, M., Phimmayoi, I., 

Boupha, B., Moji, K., Waikagul, J. 

Title : Copro-DNA diagnosis of Opisthorchis viverrini and Haplorchis taichui infection in an endemic area of LAO PDR 

445


Source : Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 41 (1), pp. 28-35. 


Keywords : Copro-DNA diagnosis; Haplorchis taichui; Lao PDR; Opisthorchis viverrini 

Abstract : The utility of differential copro-DNA diagnosis using modified sample preparation steps of small liver and minute intestinal 

fluke infections was tested. Fecal samples containing parasite eggs were washed extensively with diluted detergent solution. 

Parasite eggs were concentrated by sedimentation and broken by microwaving before DNA extraction. PCR targeting ITS1 and 

ITS2 regions were performed using primer specific for Opisthorchis viverrini, Haplorchis taichui and other related species. Of 

125 fecal samples, 94 were positive for small trematode eggs by a modified cellophane thick smear method. By ITS1-PCR, 52 

samples were positive for O. viverrini, 12 H. taichui and 7 mixed infection. By ITS2-PCR, 63 were positive for O. viverini, 17 H. 

taichui, and 19 mixed infection. The ITS-PCR assay identified a higher number of opisthorchiasis cases than those with O. 

viverrini expelled after treatment, but for H. taichui, ITS-PCR identified less than half of the worm expelled cases. These 

results showed that copro-DNA diagnosis was useful for the differential diagnosis of O. viverrini and H. taichui infection, which 

could not be discriminated by microscopy. 

No.1223 

Author (s) : Sato, M., Sanguankiat, S., Yoonuan, T., Pongvongsa, T., Keomoungkhoun, M., Phimmayoi, I., Boupa, B., Moji, K., Waikagul, J. 

Title : Copro-molecular identification of infections with hookworm eggs in rural Lao PDR 

Source : Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 104 (9), pp. 617-622. 


Keywords : Animal hookworm; Copro-PCR; Hookworm eggs; Molecular species identification; Trichostrongylus colubriformis; Zoonosis 

Abstract : The prevalence of hookworm eggs in fecal samples, by modified cellophane thick-smear technique, was found to be 30.0% 

(61/203 samples) in Lahanam Village, Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR. The hookworm eggs were morphologically 

heterogeneous, so that identification was confirmed by copro-PCR with specific primers for hookworms and Trichostrongylus 

spp.; 12 samples were positive for Necator americanus, 19 for Ancylostoma spp., with one mixed infection of both. 

Sequencing of the Ancylostoma spp. copro-PCR products found A. duodenale, and also the animal hookworms, A. caninum 

and A. ceylanicum. Moreover, Trichostrongylus spp.-specific copro-PCR revealed a significant rate of infection (43/203; 21.2%). 

Sequencing confirmed the zoonotic species, T. colubriformis. PCR/sequencing is useful for differentiating parasite species. The 

positives by the Kato-Katz method, and by the combined hookworm/. Trichostrongylus specific-PCR, were comparable, 

although the agreement between the two methodologies was only 50%. © 2010 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and 

Hygiene. 

No.1224 

Author (s) : Satoh, E., Roachanakanan, R., Nishiura, S., Kishita, M. 

Title : A proposal for agricultural land use simulation in Thailand 

Source : Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 9 (1), pp. 39-46. 


Keywords : Agricultural land use; Cost benefit; Reduction of environmental loads; Simulation 

Abstract : This study considers an agricultural land use plan using multi-agent simulation in the agricultural area of Nakhon Pathom 

Prefecture, Thailand, where small-scale croplands of various products exist. In formulating the simulation, interviews with 

farmers were conducted and a research index of the area was used so that the opinion of the stakeholders will be reflected 

in the plan. This study is comprised of the following research and analysis. Interviews with farmers concerning future land use 

Field study of the size of the croplands and the kinds of products Construction of the simulation Calculation of the 

transportation distance, transportation cost and impact on the environment As a result of the simulation to integrate the 

croplands of the same products, it was found that pursuing integration to the end does not necessarily reduce the 

transportation cost and environmental impact. It is effective to conduct integration while paying attention to the cost 

effectiveness. 

No.1225 

Author (s) : Satumanatpan, S., Henocque, Y. 

Title : Tracking progress in coastal management-across the integrated coastal management cycle and indicators 

Source : EnvironmentAsia, 3 (1), pp. 39-46. 


446


Keywords : Assessment; Coastal management; Integrated coastal management; Project cycle 

Abstract : This paper presents the framework for assessing progress of coastal management initiatives. The framework is based on the 

cycle of integrated coastal management (ICM). Each step in the cycle suggests the indicators or self-assessment questions by 

which progress and learning can be assessed. We worked out and tested in the field self-assessment questions through 

participation techniques and meetings with a number of stakeholders among local coastal management projects in Thailand. 

The prime stakeholders comprise community members, local government officers, and coastal management managers. More 

senior levels of government need to be involved in the progress assessment as well, as they potentially have the capacity for 

making policy changes and resource allocation decisions that will aid the local stakeholders in achieving integrated coastal 

management. 

No.1226 

Author (s) : Sawangtong, P., Jumpen, W. 

Title : Blow-up solutions of degenerate parabolic problems 

Source : WSEAS Transactions on Mathematics, 9 (9), pp. 723-733. 


Keywords : Blow-up set; Blow-up solution; Degenerate parabolic problems; Finite time blow-up 

Abstract : In this article, we study the degenerate parabolic problem, x qut-(x βu x) x = x qf(u), satisfying the Dirichlet boundary 

condition and a nonnegative initial condition where q and β are given constants and f is a suitable function. We show that 

under certain conditions the degenerate parabolic problem has a blow-up solution and the blow-up set of such a blow-up 

solution is the whole domain of x. Furthermore, we give the sufficient condition to blow-up in finite time. Finally, we 

generalize the degenerate parabolic problem into the general form, k(x)u t-(p(x)u x) x =k(x)f(u). Under appropriate assumptions 

on functions k, p and f, we still obtain the same results as the previous problem. 

No.1227 

Author (s) : Sawangtong, P., Jumpen, W. 

Title : Existence of a blow-up solution for a degenerate parabolic initial-boundary value problem 

Source : International Conference on Applied Mathematics, Simulation, Modelling - Proceedings, pp. 13-18. 


Keywords : Blow-up set; Degenerate parabolic problems; Finite time blow-up 

Abstract : Here, before blow-up occurs, we establish the existence and uniqueness of a blow-up solution of a degenerate parabolic 

initial-boundary value problem,xqut-(xβux) x=xq(u) where q and β are given constants and f is a suitable function. We further 

give the sufficient condition to blow-up in finite time. Finally the blow-up set of a blow-up solution u is shown. 

No.1228 

Author (s) : Sawangtong, P., Novaprateep, B., Jumpen, W. 

Title : Complete blow-up for a degenerate semilinear parabolic problem with a localized nonlinear term 

Source : International Conference on Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, International Conference on Fluid Mechanics and Heat and 

Mass Transfer - Proceedings, pp. 94-99. 


Keywords : Blow-up in finite time; Blow-up set; Complete blowup; Localized nonlinear terms; Semilinear parabolic problems 

Abstract : We here establish the local existence and uniqueness of a continuous solution under certain conditions of a degenerate 

semilinear parabolic problem with a localized nonlinear term: let T be any positive real number and x 0 be a fixed number in 

the interval (0,1), ut - 1/k(x)(p(x)ux)x = f(u(x0,t)) for (x,t) ε (0,1) × (0,T), u(0,t) = 0 = u(1,t) for t ε (0,T), u(x,0) = u 0(x) for x ε [0,1], 

where k, p, f and u0 are given functions. Moreover, the sufficient condition to blow-up in finite time and the blow-up set of a 

such solution u are shown. 

No.1229 

Author (s) : Sawasdee, N., Junking, M., Ngaojanlar, P., Sukomon, N., Ungsupravate, D., Limjindaporn, T., Akkarapatumwong, V., Noisakran, S., 

Yenchitsomanus, P.-T. 

Title : Human kidney anion exchanger 1 interacts with adaptor-related protein complex 1 μ1A (AP-1 mu1A) 

Source : Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 401 (1), pp. 85-91. 


447


Keywords : Adaptor-related protein complex 1 mu1A; Band 3; Distal renal tubular acidosis; Kidney anion exchanger 1; Protein 

trafficking; Protein-protein interaction 

Abstract : Kidney anion exchanger 1 (kAE1) mediates chloride (Cl-) and bicarbonate (HCO3-) exchange at the basolateral membrane of 

kidney α-intercalated cells. Impaired trafficking of kAE1 leads to defect of the Cl-/HCO3- exchange at the basolateral 

membrane and failure of proton (H+) secretion at the apical membrane, causing a kidney disease - distal renal tubular 

acidosis (dRTA). To gain a better insight into kAE1 trafficking, we searched for proteins physically interacting with the Cterminal 

region of kAE1 (Ct-kAE1), which contains motifs crucial for intracellular trafficking, by a yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) system. 

An adaptor-related protein complex 1 μ1A (AP-1 mu1A) subunit was found to interact with Ct-kAE1. The interaction between 

either Ct-kAE1 or full-length kAE1 and AP-1 mu1A were confirmed in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293T by coimmunoprecipitation, 

affinity co-purification, co-localization, yellow fluorescent protein (YFP)-based protein fragment 

complementation assay (PCA) and GST pull-down assay. The interacting site for AP-1 mu1A on Ct-kAE1 was found to be 

Y904DEV907, a subset of YXXØ motif. Interestingly, suppression of endogenous AP-1 mu1A in HEK 293T by small interfering 

RNA (siRNA) decreased membrane localization of kAE1 and increased its intracellular accumulation, suggesting for the first 

time that AP-1 mu1A is involved in the kAE1 trafficking of kidney α-intercalated cells. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. 

No.1230 

Author (s) : Sawasdidoln, C., Taweechaisupapong, S., Sermswan, R.W., Tattawasart, U., Tungpradabkul, S., Wongratanacheewin, S. 

Title : Growing Burkholderia pseudomallei in biofilm stimulating conditions significantly induces antimicrobial resistance 



Keywords : antiinfective agent, ceftazidime, cotrimoxazole, doxycycline, flagellin, imipenem, n acylhomoserine lactone, gamma 

butyrolactone derivative, lipopolysaccharide; antibiotic resistance, antibiotic sensitivity, article, bacterial growth, bacterial 

membrane, bacterium isolate, biofilm, Burkholderia pseudomallei, controlled study, nonhuman, genetics, growth, 

development and aging, human, melioidosis, metabolism, microbiological examination, microbiology, multidrug 

resistance, mutation, physiology, Thailand; Bacteria (microorganisms), Burkholderia pseudomallei, Negibacteria; Acyl- 

Butyrolactones, Anti-Infective Agents, Biofilms, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Ceftazidime, Doxycycline, Drug Resistance, Multiple, 

Bacterial, Flagellin, Humans, Imipenem, Lipopolysaccharides, Melioidosis, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Mutation, Soil 

Microbiology, Thailand, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Combination 

Abstract : Background: Burkholderia pseudomallei, a Gram-negative bacterium that causes melioidosis, was reported to produce biofilm. 

As the disease causes high relapse rate when compared to other bacterial infections, it therefore might be due to the 

reactivation of the biofilm forming bacteria which also provided resistance to antimicrobial agents. However, the mechanism 

on how biofilm can provide tolerance to antimicrobials is still unclear. Methodology/Principal Findings:The change in 

resistance of B. pseudomallei to doxycycline, ceftazidime, imipenem, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole during biofilm 

formation were measured as minimum biofilm elimination concentration (MBEC) in 50 soil and clinical isolates and also in 

capsule, flagellin, LPS and biofilm mutants. Almost all planktonic isolates were susceptible to all agents studied. In contrast, 

when they were grown in the condition that induced biofilm formation, they were markedly resistant to all antimicrobial 

agents even though the amount of biofilm production was not the same. The capsule and O-side chains of LPS mutants had 

no effect on biofilm formation whereas the flagellin-defective mutant markedly reduced in biofilm production. No alteration 

of LPS profiles was observed when susceptible form was changed to resistance. The higher amount of N-acyl homoserine 

lactones (AHLs) was detected in the high biofilm-producing isolates. Interestingly, the biofilm mutant which produced a very 

low amount of biofilm and was sensitive to antimicrobial agents significantly resisted those agents when grown in biofilm 

inducing condition. Conclusions/Significance:The possible drug resistance mechanism of biofilm mutants and other isolates is 

not by having biofilm but rather from some factors that up-regulated when biofilm formation genes were stimulated. The 

understanding of genes related to this situation may lead us to prevent B. pseudomallei biofilms leading to the relapse of 

melioidosis. © 2010 Sawasdidoln et al. 

No.1231 

Author (s) : Scaria, J., Ponnala, L., Janvilisri, T., Yan, W., Mueller, L.A., Chang, Y.-F. 

Title : Analysis of ultra low genome conservation in Clostridium difficile 



448


Keywords : Clostridium toxin, genomic DNA, tetrahydrofolic acid, antiinfective agent, bacterial DNA; adaptation, antibiotic 

resistance, article, bacterial genome, bacterial strain, bacterial virulence, bacterium isolate, Clostridium difficile, comparative 

genomic hybridization, controlled study, genetic conservation, genetic variability, genome size, microarray 

analysis, nonhuman, nucleotide sequence, phenotype, sequence analysis, signal transduction, strain difference, toxin 

synthesis, animal, biological model, cattle, DNA sequence, genetics, horse, human, species difference, virulence; Clostridium 

difficile; Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Cattle, Clostridium difficile, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, DNA, Bacterial, Drug 

Resistance, Bacterial, Genetic Variation, Genome, Bacterial, Horses, Humans, Models, Genetic, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Species 

Specificity, Virulence 

Abstract : Microarray-based comparative genome hybridisations (CGH) and genome sequencing of Clostridium difficile isolates have 

shown that the genomes of this species are highly variable. To further characterize their genome variation, we employed 

integration of data from CGH, genome sequencing and putative cellular pathways. Transcontinental strain comparison using 

CGH data confirmed the emergence of a human-specific hypervirulent cluster. However, there was no correlation between 

total toxin production and hypervirulent phenotype, indicating the possibility of involvement of additional factors towards 

hypervirulence. Calculation of C. difficile core and pan genome size using CGH and sequence data estimated that the core 

genome is composed of 947 to 1,033 genes and a pan genome comprised of 9,640 genes. The reconstruction, annotation and 

analysis of cellular pathways revealed highly conserved pathways despite large genome variation. However, few pathways 

such as tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis were found to be variable and could be contributing to adaptation towards virulence 

such as antibiotic resistance. © 2010 Scaria et al. 

No.1232 

Author (s) : Schechter, A.N.; Srihirun, S.; Sriwantana, T.; Unchern, S.; Noulsri, E.; Pattanapanyasat, K.; Fucharoen, S.; Piknova, B.; Sibmooh, N. 

Title : Platelet Aggregation Is Inhibited by Nitrite Reduction to Nitric Oxide In Blood 





No.1233 

Author (s) : Schumann, J.H., Wangenheim, F.V., Stringfellow, A., Yang, Z., Blazevic, V., Praxmarer, S., Shainesh, G., Komor, M., Shannon, R.M., 

Jiménez, F.R. 

Title : Cross-cultural differences in the effect of received word-of-mouth referral in relational service exchange 

Source : Journal of International Marketing, 18 (3), pp. 62-80. 


Keywords : Consumer behavior; Culture; Service; Service quality; Word of mouth 

Abstract : Because of suggested beneficial effects of word-of-mouth (WOM) referral, service companies have invested large amounts of 

money in customer referral programs as well as programs aimed at fostering positive communication among their existing 

customers. The question of cross-cultural differences in the effectiveness of WOM has recently gained increased prominence. 

The authors contribute to research on this topic by proposing a positive effect of received WOM on service quality 

perceptions among existing customers. Moreover, they predict that cultural values moderate this effect. They test the model 

on 1910 bank customers in 11 countries. The results show that received WOM has a positive effect on customer service 

quality perceptions. Furthermore, received WOM has a stronger effect on the evaluation of customers in high-uncertainty- 

avoidance than in low-uncertainty-avoidance cultures. No other cultural value is a significant moderator. The results imply 

that received WOM is also important to existing customers and that managers should adjust their strategy of referral 

marketing to match their target group's uncertainty-avoidance level. © 2010, American Marketing Association. 

No.1234 

Author (s) : Schumann, J.H., Wangenheim, F.V., Stringfellow, A., Yang, Z., Praxmarer, S., Jiménez, F.R., Blazevic, V., Shannon, R.M., Shainesh, 

G., Komor, M. 

Title : Drivers of trust in relational service exchange: Understanding the importance of cross-cultural differences 

Source : Journal of Service Research, 13 (4), pp. 453-468. 


Keywords : cross-cultural; professional services; relationship marketing; trust 

449


Abstract : Customer trust is of vital importance for relationship marketing in services. Service providers increasingly market their services 

globally, yet few researchers have addressed differences in customer trust across cultures. Our research fills this void by 

proposing a model, based on existing trust literature, that suggests the overall feeling of trust in the service provider depends 

on customers' beliefs about service providers' ability, benevolence, predictability, and integrity. The model, tested in a 

banking context with data from 2,284 customers in 11 countries, explains trust well across culturally diverse countries. The 

results of a hierarchical linear model, however, show that customers differ in the way they build trust in their service provider 

across cultures. Moderating effects of the cultural values of the target group largely explain this variation. Only the effect of 

ability on trust is robust across countries. Global service firms should consider all four trust drivers when striving to build trust. 

The emphasis they put on each of these trust drivers, however, should differ across countries. When applying these principles 

to the design of marketing activities or market segmentation, marketing managers should collect data on the cultural values 

of their specific target groups in particular countries or cultural milieus. © The Author(s) 2010. 

No.1235 

Author (s) : Sciortino, R., Ridarineni, N., Marjadi, B. 

Title : Caught between social and market considerations: A case study of Muhammadiyah charitable health services 

Source : Reproductive Health Matters, 18 (36), pp. 25-34. 


Keywords : Faith-based health services; Family planning services; Indonesia; Maternal and child health care; Privatization and 

commercialization of services 

Abstract : A case study of Muhammadiyah's Islamic charitable health services in the islands of Java and Sumatra, Indonesia, was 

undertaken in 2008, to assess the impact of privatization of health care on this socially-oriented service provider, especially in 

terms of access for the poor. Findings presented here relate primarily to the effects on Muhammadiyah's maternal and child 

health and contraceptive services. In order to survive and thrive amidst private and public competitors, Muhammadiyah's 

primary care units, mostly consisting of maternal and child health centres and maternity clinics, when not closed altogether, 

have been directed toward providing curative hospital services, and more expensive and sometimes unnecessary treatment. 

A shift in the patient population away from the poor has also occurred, as market pressures transform this charitable 

enterprise into a commercial one, prejudicing reproductive health care and reducing access for those most in need. An 

improved stewardship role by government is needed to regulate the private sector, along with serious thinking about the 

future of primary and preventive care and health promotion, including for comprehensive reproductive health care. The 

neglect of these core primary care elements in Indonesia may worsen as privatization proceeds and profit considerations 

become more pressing with increased competition. © 2010 Reproductive Health Matters. 

No.1236 

Author (s) : Sedtheetorn, P. 

Title : Accurate BER analysis of downlink DS/CDMA multicellular systems in Nakagami fading 


Telecommunications and Information Technology, art. no. 5491660, pp. 1164-1167. 


Keywords : Accurate analysis, Additive White Gaussian noise, BER analysis, Bit-errors, Closed-form expression, DS/CDMA, Error rate, Fading 

levels, Gaussian approximations, Intercell interference, Intra-cell interference, Multicellular systems, Nakagami 

fading, Nakagami fading channel, Orthogonality; Fading (radio), Fading channels, Information technology, Optical 

communication, White noise; Bit error rate 

Abstract : This paper presents an accurate analysis of bit error rate for a downlink DS/CDMA multicellular system in Additive White 

Gaussian Noise (AWGN) Nakagami fading channel. Based on Improved Gaussian Approximation (IGA) technique, we propose an 

exact bit error rate expression. In addition, for a special case of Nakagami fading when the fading index becomes unity, we 

extend the analysis to include the effect of intracell interference, which is the consequence of losing orthogonality among 

the transmissions within the same cell. This facilitates us to introduce an explicit closed-form expression of the error rate that 

accounts for both intracell as well as intercell interferences. The proposed expressions are very useful for accurately 

investigating the impacts of orthogonality, propagational condition and severity of fading level on bit error rate. 

No.1237 

Author (s) : Seetapan, N., Bejrapha, P., Srinuanchai, W., Puttipipatkhachorn, S., Ruktanonchai, U. 

450


Title : Nondestructive rheological measurement of aqueous dispersions of solid lipid nanoparticles: Effects of lipid types and 

concentrations on dispersion consistency 

Source : Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 36 (9), pp. 1005-1015. 


Keywords : Lipid structure; Rheology; Solid lipid nanoparticles; Triglyceride; Viscoelastic 

Abstract : Purpose: To investigate dispersion consistency of solid lipid nanoparticles as functions of lipid types and concentrations. 

Methods: Viscoelastic measurement at an application of low stress was employed to characterize the internal microstructure 

developed within the dispersions. Pure triglycerides with different length of fatty acid chains, trimyristin (C14), tripalmitin (C16), 

and tristearin (C18) were studied with respect to the partial triglyceride with C22 chain length (Compritol 888 ATO), and cetyl 

palmitate wax (C16). Results and discussion: Increasing fatty acid chain length of triglycerides induced more particle shape 

anisometry; therefore, elastic behavior of triglyceride dispersion increased in sequence of trimyristin < tripalmitin < tristearin. 

Because of an imperfect crystalline structure, Compritol 888 ATO particles yielded the dispersion with a less elastic behavior. 

Despite having an equal fatty acid chain length (C16), cetyl palmitate wax provided the dispersion with lower network 

strength than tripalmitin as a result of the lower ordered crystal packing of fatty acid chains in the wax particle. Increasing 

lipid concentration improved the dispersion consistency owing to the more pronounced interaction between lipid particles. 

Data obtained from particle size analysis did not help explain the resulting microstructures in relation to the types and 

concentrations of lipid. Conclusions: A nondestructive rheological experiment is a powerful tool in revealing the microscopic 

structures of SLNs, which provides the information on viscous and elastic behaviors, corresponding to the internal structure of 

the dispersions. Consequently, viscoelastic data might assist pharmaceutical industry in selecting type of lipid appropriate for 

developing SLN formulations with the desired consistency. © 2010 Informa UK, Ltd. 

No.1238 

Author (s) : Sein, M.M., Howteerakul, N., Suwannapong, N., Jirachewee, J. 

Title : Job strain among rubber-glove-factory workers in central Thailand 

Source : Industrial Health, 48 (4), pp. 503-510. 


Keywords : Factory workers; Job strain; Occupational health; Psychosocial work factor; Rubber glove; Thailand 

Abstract : Job strain has become a major concern because of its potential impacts on worker well-being and performance. This crosssectional 

study aimed to assess the prevalence of, and examine factors associated with, job strain among workers in a rubberglove 

factory, in a central province of Thailand. A total of 200 workers aged 18-55 yr, who had worked at the factory for at 

least 6 months, completed the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) (Thai Version). Two of 5 scales in the JCQ were used to 

measure job strain, i.e.; job control and psychological job demand. The prevalence of job strain was 27.5%. Multiple logistic 

regression analysis indicated two variables significantly associated with job strain: low supervisor social support (adjusted 

OR=3.08; 95%CI: 1.38-6.91) and high job insecurity (adjusted OR=2.25; 95%CI: 1.04-.88). Effective training for supervisors, to 

create good relationships among workers and supervisors, and ensuring steady and secure jobs for good employees, are 

necessary. 

No.1239 

Author (s) : Senanarong, V.; Harnphadungkit, K.; Chawalparit, O.; Poungvarin, N.; Udomphanthurak, S.; Cummings, J.; Scheltens, P. 

Title : White matter lesions (WML) in a community of Thai elders with MCI and dementia 

Source : EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, Volume: 17, Special Issue: SI, Supplement: 3, Pages: 76-76, Published: SEP 2010 




No.1240 

Author (s) : Senapin, S., Molthathong, S., Phiwsaiya, K., Jaengsanong, C., Chuchird, N. 

Title : Application of high resolution melt (HRM) analysis for duplex detection of Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) and 

extra small virus (XSV) in shrimp 

Source : Molecular and Cellular Probes, 24 (5), pp. 291-297. 


Keywords : Detection; High resolution melt; HRM; MrNV; Multiplex; Nested-PCR; RT-PCR; Shrimp; Virus; XSV 

451


Abstract : In this work, a probe-free, multiplex RT-PCR was combined with high resolution melt (HRM) analysis for the simultaneous 

detection of Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) and extra small virus (XSV) infection in the freshwater prawn 

Macrobrachium rosenbergii. This first application of HRM multiplex RT-PCR in shrimp reveals a new potential for rapid and 

sensitive detection of multiple pathogens. In addition, sequence variation in XSV could be observed from the high resolution 

melt peaks, as confirmed by sequence analysis. In 19 field samples of the freshwater prawn M. rosenbergii the technique 

revealed samples negative for both viruses, positive for both viruses or positive for MrNV alone. No sample was found 

positive for XSV alone. Comparison of these results to those obtained using the same samples in analysis by traditional 

nested RT-PCR combined with gel electrophoresis revealed that HRM multiplex RT-PCR was more sensitive. Thus, the latter 

technique allows for rapid and sensitive, simultaneous detection of MrNV and XSV and also has the potential to be adapted 

for simultaneous detection of other mixed viral infections in shrimp. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. 

No.1241 

Author (s) : Senapin, S., Phiwsaiya, K., Anantasomboon, G., Sriphaijit, T., Browdy, C.L., Flegel, T.W. 

Title : Knocking down a Taura syndrome virus (TSV) binding protein Lamr is lethal for the whiteleg shrimp Penaeus vannamei 

Source : Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 29 (3), pp. 422-429. 


Keywords : Laminin receptor; RNA interference; Shrimp; Taura syndrome virus; Viability 

Abstract : A cDNA encoding a laminin receptor protein (Lamr) has been isolated from hemocytes of the Pacific white shrimp Penaeus 

(Litopenaeus) vannamei (Pv), based on primers designed from a previously published Lamr sequence of a Taura syndrome 

virus (TSV) binding protein of the black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon (Pm). The deduced amino acid sequence of PvLamr 

shares 97% identity with PmLamr and has significant homology to laminin receptors and ribosomal protein p40 from various 

organisms. Tissue distribution analysis by RT-PCR revealed that Lamr transcripts were widely expressed in all tested tissues of 

P. monodon and Penaeus vannamei. PmLamr was constructed and expressed in Escherichia coli, and the recombinant 

protein was purified and used to raise a polyclonal antibody. The antiserum reacted with purified recombinant PmLamr and 

crude muscle tissue proteins from both P. monodon and P. vannamei, but not with hemocyte-free shrimp hemolymph. 

Examination of protein localization by immunohistochemical analysis revealed the presence of Lamr positive cytoplasm in 

subcuticular epithelial cells, hematopoietic tissues, epithelial cells of the stomach, epithelial cells of the anterior midgut 

cecum, antennal gland epithelial cells, F cells of the hepatopancreas, cells in the ovarian zone of proliferation and spheroid 

cells in the lymphoid organ. RNA interference-mediated silencing of the messenger from Lamr in P. vannamei led to shrimp 

mortality and indicated an essential function of Lamr for shrimp viability. A negative consequence was that the effect of Lamr 

knockdown on shrimp infection by Taura syndrome virus could not be assessed. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. 

No.1242 

Author (s) : Senapin, S., Thaowbut, Y., Gangnonngiw, W., Chuchird, N., Sriurairatana, S., Flegel, T.W. 

Title : Impact of yellow head virus outbreaks in the whiteleg shrimp, Penaeus vannamei (boone), in Thailand 

Source : Journal of Fish Diseases, 33 (5), pp. 421-430. 


Keywords : Detection; Penaeus vannamei; Shrimp; Thailand; Virus; Yellow head virus 

Abstract : Yellow head virus (YHV) is known as a major pathogen in the black tiger shrimp, Penaeus (Penaeus) monodon. It can also 

cause serious mortality in farmed whiteleg shrimp, Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei. However, there is no published 

information on the economic and/or production impact of the disease in P. vannamei. Shrimp with gross signs of YHV disease 

(faded body colour and 60-70% mortality) were observed in 20 study farms rearing P. vannamei in the central part of 

Thailand from the end of 2007 through early 2008. The estimated economic loss for these farms according to the Thai Animal 

Aquaculture Association was approximately US$3 million. Detailed sequence analysis of RT-PCR amplicons from shrimp in all 

the study ponds revealed the presence of YHV Type 1b (YHV-1b) alone (characterized by a 162-bp deletion in the ORF3 

region encoding the structural gene for gp116) and the absence of YHV Type 1a (YHV-1a), the original YHV type reported from 

Thailand. Despite the large 162-bp deletion (= 54 deduced amino acids) in the gp116 structural gene, histopathology of YHV- 

1b infections was identical to that of YHV-1a infections, and electron microscopy revealed that YHV-1b virions were 

morphologically indistinguishable from those previously reported for YHV-1a. In addition, an existing commercial RT-PCR 

detection kit and an immunochromatographic test strip for the detection of YHV were proven to have been valid tests for 

both YHV-1b and YHV-1a. The source of the virus for these outbreaks was unlikely to have been the post-larvae used to stock 

452


the ponds, as they were derived from domesticated specific pathogen-free stocks free of YHV. Thus, it is possible that they 

originated from an unknown, natural reservoir. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 

No.1243 

Author (s) : Senawongse, P., Pongprueksa, P., Tagami, J. 

Title : The effect of the elastic modulus of low-viscosity resins on the microleakage of class V resin composite restorations under 

occlusal loading 

Source : Dental Materials Journal, 29 (3), pp. 324-329. 


Keywords : Elastic cavity wall; Elastic modulus; Microleakage 

Abstract : This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of various intermediate layers on the microleakage of Class V restorations 

under an occlusal load. Wedge-shaped cavities were prepared on the buccal surface of 72 extracted premolars, which were 

then treated with an adhesive system (One Up Bond F Plus), divided into three groups, and restored with: 1) Estelite Sigma 

resin composite, 2) a resin composite with Low Flow flowable composite, or 3) a resin composite with High Flow flowable 

composite. The specimens were subjected to a nano-indentation test to evaluate the elastic modulus of successive layers at 

the resin-dentine interface and were subjected to a microleakage test under either unloaded or loaded conditions. The 

elastic moduli were significantly different among substrates (p


upper right and left lateral incisors, lower molars, upper molars, upper canines, lower canines and lower central incisors. The 

least affected were the lower right and left lateral incisors. Factors that affected dmft were tooth brushing frequency, 

brushing with parental assistance or supervision, time brushing started, feeding pattern, and the type of milk, candy and 

sweet beverages consumption. It can be concluded that children in the studied area had a high prevalence of caries and a 

high level of severity. Thus, oral health care programs should be promoted in Vientiane. 

No.1246 

Author (s) : Sereenonchai, K., Teerasong, S., Chan-Eam, S., Saetear, P., Choengchan, N., Uraisin, K., Amornthammarong, N., Motomizu, S., 

Nacapricha, D. 

Title : A low-cost method for determination of calcium carbonate in cement by membraneless vaporization with capacitively 

coupled contactless conductivity detection 

Source : Talanta, 81 (3), pp. 1040-1044. 


Keywords : Carbon dioxide; Carbonate analysis; Cement; Contactless conductivity; Membraneless vaporization 

Abstract : This work presents a flow analysis method for direct quantitation of calcium carbonate in cement without pretreatment of 

the sample. The method is based on online vaporization of CO2 gas following acidification of the sample inside a small 

chamber that has a flow of acceptor solution passing around it. Solubilization of the CO2 gas into the acceptor stream 

changes the conductivity of the acceptor solution causing an increase of signal at the capacitively coupled contactless 

conductivity detection (C4D) placed at the outlet of the vaporization chamber. This chamber is an adaption from previous 

work reported on 'membraneless vaporization' (MBL-VP). The method can be used in the quality control of production of 

mixed cement. These cement materials usually have calcium carbonate contents at high concentration range (e.g., 33-99% 

(w/w) CaCO3). Analysis of samples by this method is direct and convenient as it requires no sample pretreatment. The 

method is low-cost with satisfactory accuracy and acceptable precision. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

No.1247 

Author (s) : Seripienlert, A., Ruffolo, D., Matthaeus, W.H., Chuychai, P. 

Title : Dropouts in solar energetic particles: Associated with local trapping boundaries or current sheets? 

Source : Astrophysical Journal Letters, 711 (2), pp. 980-989. 


Keywords : Interplanetary medium; Magnetic fields; Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); Sun: particle emission; Turbulence 

Abstract : In recent observations by the Advanced Composition Explorer, the intensity of solar energetic particles exhibits sudden, large 

changes known as dropouts. These have been explained in terms of turbulence or a flux tube structure in the solar wind. 

Dropouts are believed to indicate filamentary magnetic connection to a localized particle source near the solar surface, and 

computer simulations of a random-phase model of magnetic turbulence have indicated a spatial association between 

dropout features and local trapping boundaries (LTBs) defined for a two-dimensional (2D) + slab model of turbulence. 

Previous observations have shown that dropout features are not well associated with sharp magnetic field changes, as might 

be expected in the flux tube model. Random-phase turbulence models do not properly treat sharp changes in the magnetic 

field, such as current sheets, and thus cannot be tested in this way. Here, we explore the properties of a more realistic 

magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence model (2D MHD), in which current sheets develop and the current and magnetic 

field have characteristic non-Gaussian statistical properties. For this model, computer simulations that trace field lines to 

determine magnetic connection from a localized particle source indicate that sharp particle gradients should frequently be 

associated with LTBs, sometimes with strong 2D magnetic fluctuations, and infrequently with current sheets. Thus, the 2D 

MHD + slab model of turbulent fluctuations includes some realistic features of the flux tube view and is consistent with the 

lack of an observed association between dropouts and intense magnetic fields or currents. © 2010. The American 

Astronomical Society. 

No.1248 

Author (s) : Seriwatanachai, D.; Krishnamra, N.; Leeuwen, J. 

Title : PROLACTIN REGULATES OSTEOBLAST AND OSTEOCLAST INTERACTION IN BONE REMODELING 

Source : OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL, Volume: 21, Supplement: 5, Pages: S730-S730, Published: DEC 2010 



454



No.1249 

Author (s) : Sermsri, W., Jarujamrus, P., Shiowatana, J., Siripinyanond, A. 

Title : Flow field-flow fractionation: A versatile approach for size characterization of α-tocopherol-induced enlargement of gold 

nanoparticles 

Source : Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 396 (8), pp. 3079-3085. 


Keywords : α-Tocopherol; Field-flow fractionation; Gold nanoparticles; Particle size 

Abstract : Flow field-flow fractionation (FlFFF) was used for size characterization of gold nanoparticles. The measured particle sizes 

obtained from FlFFF for the commercial 10 nm gold nanoparticle standard and the gold nanoparticles synthesized in the 

laboratory were in good agreement with those measured by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Further, the capability 

of α-tocopherol to induce enlargement of gold nanoparticles by catalysis of the reduction of AuCl 4- by citrate was observed 

by monitoring the changes in particle size of gold nanoparticles using FlFFF. The effects of α-tocopherol and incubation time 

on enlargement of the gold nanoparticles were examined. Higher concentrations of α-tocopherol resulted in larger 

nanoparticles. At fixed α-tocopherol concentration, larger nanoparticles were formed at longer incubation times. © 2010 


No.1250 

Author (s) : Setou, M., Shrivas, K., Sroyraya, M., Yang, H., Sugiura, Y., Moribe, J., Kondo, A., Tsutsumi, K., Kimura, Y., Kurabe, N., Hayasaka, T., 

Goto-Inoue, N., Zaima, N., Ikegami, K., Sobhon, P., Konishi, Y. 

Title : Developments and applications of mass microscopy 

Source : Medical Molecular Morphology, 43 (1), pp. 1-5. 


Keywords : Biomolecules; Clinical samples; Imaging mass spectrometry; Mass microscope; Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization 

(MALDI); Nanoparticle-based laser desorption/ionization (nano-PALDI) 

Abstract : We have developed a mass microscopy technique, i.e., a microscope combined with high-resolution matrixassisted laser 

desorption/ionization-imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-IMS), which is a powerful tool for investigating the spatial distribution 

of biomolecules without any time-consuming extraction, purification, and separation procedures for biological tissue sections. 

Mass microscopy provides clear images about the distribution of hundreds of biomolecules in a single measurement and also 

helps in understanding the cellular profile of the biological system. The sample preparation and the spatial resolution and 

speed of the technique are all important steps that affect the identification of biomolecules in mass microscopy. In this 

Award Lecture Review, we focus on some of the recent developments in clinical applications to show how mass microscopy 

can be employed to assess medical molecular morphology. © The Japanese Society for Clinical Molecular Morphology 2010. 

No.1251 

Author (s) : Seubsman, S.-A., Lim, L.L.-Y., Banwell, C., Sripaiboonkit, N., Kelly, M., Bain, C., Sleigh, A.C. 

Title : Socioeconomic status, sex, and obesity in a large national cohort of 15-87-year-old Open University students in Thailand 

Source : Journal of Epidemiology, 20 (1), pp. 13-20. 


Keywords : Body mass index; Obesity; Socioeconomic status; Thailand; Weight 

Abstract : Background: As obesity increases, middle-income countries are undergoing a health-risk transition. We examine the association 

between socioeconomic status (SES) and emerging obesity in Thailand, and ascertain if an inverse relationship between SES 

and obesity has appeared. Methods: The data derived from 87 134 individuals (54% female; median age, 29 years) in a 

national cohort of distance-learning Open University students aged 15-87 years and living throughout Thailand. We calculated 

adjusted odds ratios for associations of SES with obesity (body mass index, ≥25) across 3 age groups by sex, after controlling 

for marital status, age, and urbanization. Results: Obesity increased with age and was more prevalent among males than 

females (22.7% vs 9.9%); more females were underweight (21.8% vs 6.2%). Annual income was 2000 to 3000 US dollars for 

most participants. High SES, defined by education, income, household assets, and housing type, associated strongly with 

obesity-positively for males and inversely for females-especially for participants younger than 40 years. The OR for obesity 

associated with income was as high as 1.54 for males and as low as 0.68 for females (P for trend


between SES and obesity in females. We expect the overall population of Thailand to follow this pattern, as education 

spreads and incomes rise. A public health problem of underweight females could emerge. Recognition of these patterns is 

important for programs combating obesity. Many middle income countries are undergoing similar transitions. © 2009 by the 

Japan Epidemiological Association. 

No.1252 

Author (s) : Sheehan, W.J., Rangsithienchai, P.A., Baxi, S.N., Gardynski, A., Bharmanee, A., Israel, E., Phipatanakul, W. 

Title : Age-specific prevalence of outdoor and indoor aeroallergen sensitization in boston 

Source : Clinical Pediatrics, 49 (6), pp. 579-585. 


Keywords : Allergy; Atopy; Children; Skin prick test 

Abstract : Questions exist regarding the appropriate age for referral of an atopic child to an allergist for environmental skin prick testing. 

This study evaluates age-specific prevalence of sensitization to aeroallergens from infancy through adolescence. A total of 

1394 patients were skin tested, with 57.2% being sensitized to at least 1 aeroallergen. In children younger than 2, the authors 

found that 26.5% were sensitized, including to dogs (15.5%) and cats (9.2%). Additionally, tree sensitization was demonstrated 

in the youngest age group (7.8% at 0-2 years; 17.1% at 2-4 years), including in 3 infants less than 1 year old. Sensitization rates 

to dust mites and trees were the highest in all ages above 4 years, with a peak tree sensitization of 56.4% at 10 to 12 years 

and a peak dust mite sensitization of 56.8% in the >12 group. Overall, the authors observed increasing sensitization rates 

throughout childhood for indoor and outdoor aeroallergens (P



Keywords : foam cells; granuloma formation; Schistosoma mekongi 

Abstract : A histopathological study was performed to clarify the characteristics of granuloma formation and liver fibrosis in Schistosoma 

mekongi infection in comparison with S. japonicum infection. Mice were exposed to S. mekongi (Laotian strain) and S. 

japonicum (Japanese strain) cercariae, and were dissected at 6, 8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks post-exposure. In the liver, 

granulomas in S. mekongi infection were cellular, initially organized with foam cells, and continuously appeared in the 

intralobular area, while granulomas in S. japonicum infection were fibrous and did not continuously appear in the intralobular 

area. Portal fibrosis was not seen in S. mekongi infection, but was commonly seen in S. japonicum infection in the later 

weeks. Granulomas in the small intestine were seen mainly in the submucosa with foam cells in S. mekongi infection and 

without foam cells in S. japonicum infection. The lung granulomas contained mainly histiocytes in both S. mekongi and S. 

japonicum infection. The absence of portal fibrosis in S. mekongi infection allows schistosome eggs to infiltrate into the 

intralobular area continuously, which can be what lies behind the ultrasonographic differences; the echogenic network 

pattern as was seen in S. japonicum infection, has not been noted in S. mekongi infection. © Cambridge University Press 2010. 

No.1255 

Author (s) : Shivakoti, B.R., Tanaka, S., Fujii, S., Kunacheva, C., Boontanon, S.K., Musirat, C., Seneviratne, S.T.M.L.D., Tanaka, H. 

Title : Occurrences and behavior of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in several wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Japan and 

Thailand 

Source : Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 12 (6), pp. 1255-1264. 


Keywords : activated carbon, perfluoro compound; activated sludge, adsorption, aeration, article, chlorination, Japan, ozonation, priority 

journal, tank, Thailand, waste water management; Alkanesulfonic Acids, Environmental 

Monitoring, Fluorocarbons, Japan, Octanoic Acids, Thailand, Waste Disposal, Fluid, Water Pollutants, Chemical 

Abstract : This study examines occurrences of 11 perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in several wastewater treatment plants in Japan and 

Thailand. Surveys are conducted in eight wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Japan and central WWTPs of five industrial 

estates (IEs) in Thailand. Samples are collected from all major treatment processes in order to understand the behavior of 

PFCs in WWTPs. PFCs are detected in all WWTPs in Japan and Thailand. Concentrations of PFCs even exceed several 

thousands ng/L in some WWTPs. PFOS, PFOA, and PFNA are mainly detected in WWTPs in Japan, while PFBuS, PFOA, and 

PFHxA are mainly detected in WWTP of IEs in Thailand. Even though some of the investigated WWTPs utilize biological 

treatment processes coupled with chlorination, ozonation, or activated carbon adsorption, they are found ineffective to 

remove PFCs. During the treatment process, PFCs are found to accumulate at exceptionally high concentration levels in the 

activated sludge of an aeration tank and returned activated sludge. Overall, the estimated total daily mass of discharged PFCs 

is 124.95 g/d (PFASs: 49.81 g/d; PFCAs: 75.14 g/d) from eight WWTPs in Japan and 55.04 g/d (PFASs: 12 g/d; PFCAs: 43.04 g/d) 

from five WWTPs in Thailand. Although the presented data are from a single observation in each WWTP, the results indicate 

that certain industries using PFCs in manufacturing processes could be the principle point source, while domestic activities 

could be releasing PFCs at detectable levels causing environmental concern. © 2010 The Royal Society of Chemistry. 

No.1256 

Author (s) : Shukla, M.; Mukda, S.; Sotthibundhu, A.; Wongchitrat, P.; Piyarat, G. 

Title : Melatonin prevents methamphetamine-induced reduction of VMAT2 protein and mRNA level in SK-N-SH cell line 





No.1257 

Author (s) : Sihabut, T., Laemsak, N. 

Title : Feasibility of producing insulation boards from oil palm fronds and empty fruit bunches 

Source : Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, 32 (1), pp. 63-69. 


Keywords : Empty fruit bunch; Frond; Insulation board; Oil palm; Thermal conductivity 

457


Abstract : This research focused on the feasibility of producing insulation boards made from oil palm fronds and empty fruit bunches 

via the wet forming process. Results confirmed no difference in the visual appearance between both board types. Both 

displayed low thermal conductivity, offering evidence of being good insulators. Boards made from empty fruit bunch weighed 

less than boards made from oil palm fronds. Other properties such as fire retardant, water absorption and strength still need 

to be investigated. 

No.1258 

Author (s) : Sim, B.M.Qi; Chantratita, N.; Ooi, W.F.; Nandi, T.; Tewhey, R.; Wuthiekanun, V.; Thaipadungpanit, J.; Tumapa, S.; Ariyaratne, P.; 

Sung, Wing-Kin; S., Xiao H.; Chua, H.H.; Ramnarayanan, K.; Lin, C.H.; Liu, Y.; Feil, E.J.; Glass, M.B.; Tan, G.; Peacock, S.J.; Tan, P. 

Title : Genomic acquisition of a capsular polysaccharide virulence cluster by nonpathogenic Burkholderia isolates 

Source : GENOME BIOLOGY, Volume: 11, Issue: 8, Article Number: R89, DOI: 10.1186/gb-2010-11-8-r89, Published: 2010 


Keywords : III SECRETION SYSTEM; SIGNATURE-TAGGED MUTAGENESIS; TIME PCR ASSAY; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; BACTERIAL VIRULENCE; 

SUBTRACTIVE HYBRIDIZATION; PSEUDOMALLEI INFECTION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; GENES; THAILANDENSIS 

Abstract : Background: Burkholderia thailandensis is a non-pathogenic environmental saprophyte closely related to Burkholderia 

pseudomallei, the causative agent of the often fatal animal and human disease melioidosis. To study B. thailandensis 

genomic variation, we profiled 50 isolates using a pan-genome microarray comprising genomic elements from 28 Burkholderia 

strains and species. Results: Of 39 genomic regions variably present across the B. thailandensis strains, 13 regions 

corresponded to known genomic islands, while 26 regions were novel. Variant B. thailandensis isolates exhibited isolated 

acquisition of a capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis gene cluster (B. pseudomallei-like capsular polysaccharide) closely 

resembling a similar cluster in B. pseudomallei that is essential for virulence in mammals; presence of this cluster was 

confirmed by whole genome sequencing of a representative variant strain (B. thailandensis E555). Both whole-genome 

microarray and multi-locus sequence typing analysis revealed that the variant strains formed part of a phylogenetic subgroup 

distinct from the ancestral B. thailandensis population and were associated with atypical isolation sources when compared to 

the majority of previously described B. thailandensis strains. In functional assays, B. thailandensis E555 exhibited several B. 

pseudomallei-like phenotypes, including colony wrinkling, resistance to human complement binding, and intracellular 

macrophage survival. However, in murine infection assays, B. thailandensis E555 did not exhibit enhanced virulence relative to 

other B. thailandensis strains, suggesting that additional factors are required to successfully colonize and infect mammals. 

Conclusions: The discovery of such novel variant strains demonstrates how unbiased genomic surveys of nonpathogenic 

isolates can reveal insights into the development and emergence of new pathogenic species. 

No.1259 

Author (s) : Sindhu, S., Pholpet, C., Puttapitukpol, S. 

Title : Meeting the challenges of chronic illness: A nurse-led collaborative community care program in Thailand 

Source : Collegian, 17 (2), pp. 93-99. 


Keywords : Chronic heart failure; Chronic illness; Community care; Continuing care; Coronary heart disease 

Abstract : Background: Chronic illness is of concern to health care systems globally. Although a significant evidence base supports the 

concept of nurse-led interventions, less data is available to address unique features of health care systems in the developing 

world. Aim: The purpose of this study aimed to undertake preliminary testing of an intervention of nurse-led community care 

program, the Network Collaborative Action Plan (N-CAP), to assess the impact on disease severity and patient satisfaction. 

Method: A quasi-experimental study, using historical controls, evaluated a collaborative nurse-led intervention to promote 

coordination and continuity of care for patients with chronic illness. Results: Participants, diagnosed with chronic obstructive 

lung disease (COPD), coronary heart disease (CHD) and chronic heart failure (CHF) were recruited. Prospective consecutive 

patient meeting the study criteria (n= 47) were assigned into the control group and following development and 

implementation of the intervention eligible consenting patients were enrolled in the experimental group (n= 44). Participants 

in the experimental group had significantly lower scores on severity of disease measurements during the third week (F= 4.61, 

p= 0.035) and the eighth week hospital (F= 4.30, p= .041) following hospital discharge than those in the control group. 

Participants in the experimental group expressed significantly higher scores on satisfaction with community care than those in 

the control group. Conclusions: A nurse-led, collaboratively developed program has potential to improve satisfaction and 

decrease symptom development in people with chronic illnesses in Thailand. © 2010 Royal College of Nursing, Australia. 

458


No.1260 

Author (s) : Singalavanija, A., Amornrattanapan, C., Nitiruangjarus, K., Tongsai, S. 

Title : Risk factors for retinal breaks in patients with symptom of floaters 



Keywords : Flashing; Floaters; Posterior vitreous detachment; Retinal break; Risk factors 

Abstract : Objective: To identify the risk factors of retinal breaks in patients with the symptom of floaters, and to determine the 

association between those risk factors and retinal breaks. Material and Method: A retrospective analytic study of 184 patients 

(55 males and 129 females) that included 220 eyes was conducted. Patient information such as age, symptoms (multiple 

floaters, flashing), duration of symptom, refractive error, history of cataract surgery, family history of retinal detachment, and 

complete eye examination were recorded. The patients were divided into two groups, the first group (control group) had 

symptoms of floaters and no retinal breaks, the second group (retinal breaks group) had symptoms of floaters with retinal 

breaks. Chi-square test, and the multiple logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results: Two hundred twenty 

eyes, 175 eyes of the control group and 45 eyes of the retinal breaks group were examined and included in this study. The 

multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that patients with multiple floaters, and floaters and flashing increased the risk 

of retinal breaks to 5.8 and 4.3 times, respectively, when compared to patients with single floater or floaters alone. Lattice 

degeneration increased the risk of retinal breaks to 5.9 times when compared to eyes that did not have lattice degeneration. 

Conclusion: Multiple floaters, flashing and lattice degeneration are risk factors of retinal breaks in patients with symptoms of 

floaters. Therefore, it is important for the ophthalmologists to be aware of these risk factors and the patients at risk should 

have follow-up examinations. 

No.1261 

Author (s) : Singh, S.B., Ornatowski, W., Vergne, I., Naylor, J., Delgado, M., Roberts, E., Ponpuak, M., Master, S., Pilli, M., White, E., Komatsu, 

M., Deretic, V. 

Title : Human IRGM regulates autophagy and cell-autonomous immunity functions through mitochondria 

Source : Nature Cell Biology, 12 (12), pp. 1154-1165. 


Keywords : cardiolipin, guanosine triphosphatase, immunity related guanosine triphosphatase, protein Bak, protein Bax, protein 

IRGM, protein IRGMb, protein IRGMd, unclassified drug; animal cell, animal cell culture, article, autophagy, binding affinity, cell 

death, cell fractionation, cell membrane depolarization, cellular distribution, cellular immunity, controlled study, enzyme 

activity, gene overexpression, genetic transfection, human, human cell, human cell 

culture, mitochondrion, mouse, nonhuman, polarization, priority journal, protein analysis, protein localization; 

Animals, Autophagy, Cardiolipins, Cell Line, GTP Phosphohydrolases, GTP-Binding Proteins, Humans, Mice, Microtubule- 

Associated Proteins, Mitochondria, Mitochondrial Proteins, Protein Isoforms; Corynebacterineae 

Abstract : IRGM, a human immunity-related GTPase, confers autophagic defence against intracellular pathogens by an unknown 

mechanism. Here, we report an unexpected mode of IRGM action. IRGM demonstrated differential affinity for the 

mitochondrial lipid cardiolipin, translocated to mitochondria, affected mitochondrial fission and induced autophagy. 

Mitochondrial fission was necessary for autophagic control of intracellular mycobacteria by IRGM. IRGM influenced 

mitochondrial membrane polarization and cell death. Overexpression of IRGMd, but not IRGMb splice isoforms, caused 

mitochondrial depolarization and autophagy-independent, but Bax/Bak-dependent, cell death. By acting on mitochondria, 

IRGM confers autophagic protection or cell death, explaining IRGM action both in defence against tuberculosis and in the 

damaging inflammation caused by Crohn's disease. © 2010 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved. 

No.1262 

Author (s) : Singhakant, C., Tipprasertsin, K., Inthorn, D. 

Title : The possible mechanism and factors affecting synthetic reactive dye removal by treated flute reed 

Source : EnvironmentAsia, 3 (2), pp. 90-96. 


Keywords : Adsorption; Adsorption isotherm; Desorption; Reactive dye; Treated flute-reed 

Abstract : This study investigated the ability of treated flute-reed to adsorb synthetic reactive dye solution in a batch system. The 

effects of particle size, contact time and adsorption isotherms at various particle sizes and temperatures were investigated. 

Desorption was studied to confirm the mechanism of adsorption. The results showed that the adsorption capacity increased 

459


as the particle size decreased. The smaller particle size required less contact time to reach equilibrium because it had a 

higher rate of adsorption. Adsorption isotherms at various particle sizes indicated that the equilibrium data fitted well with 

the Langmuir isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of particle size ranges of: less than 420, 420-1190, 1190- 

2000 and 2000-2800 μm, was 7.58, 4.42, 3.83 and 3.12 mg/g, respectively. For adsorption isotherms at various temperatures, 

the amounts of adsorption increased with increasing temperature. This is because the kinetic energy probably increased at 

higher temperatures resulting in increasing reactive dye removal. The results from the desorption studies confirmed that the 

adsorption of reactive dye by treated flute-reed was due to ion exchange and the adsorption mechanism was mainly 

chemical adsorption. 

No.1263 

Author (s) : Shukla, M.; Mukda, S.; Sotthibundhu, A.; Wongchitrat, P.; Piyarat, G. 

Title : Melatonin prevents methamphetamine-induced reduction of VMAT2 protein and mRNA level in SK-N-SH cell line 





No.1264 

Author (s) : Singhto, N., Sintiprungrat, K., Sinchaikul, S., Chen, S.-T., Thongboonkerd, V. 

Title : Proteome changes in human monocytes upon interaction with calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals 

Source : Journal of Proteome Research, 9 (8), pp. 3980-3988. 


Keywords : calcium oxalate; CaOx; COM; monocytes; proteome; proteomics 

Abstract : Monocytic infiltration in renal interstitium is commonly found surrounding the site of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal 

deposition in the kidney. Monocytes are supposed to eliminate the deposited crystals. However, effects of CaOx crystals on 

the infiltrating monocytes remain unknown. Therefore, this study investigated the altered cellular proteome of human 

monocytes in response to interaction with CaOx monohydrate (COM) crystals. After 24-h culture with or without 100 μg/mL 

COM crystals, U937 cells were harvested and subjected to 2-DE analysis with Deep Purple fluorescence staining (n = 5 

gels/group; each was derived from independent culture). Spot matching, quantitative intensity analysis, and statistics revealed 

22 differentially expressed proteins (9 up-regulated and 13 down-regulated proteins), which were successfully identified by Q- 

TOF MS and MS/MS analyses, including those involved in cell cycle, cellular structure, carbohydrate metabolism, lipid 

metabolism, mRNA processing, and protein synthesis, stabilization, and degradation. Randomly selected changes [upregulated 

ALG-2 interacting protein 1 (Alix), elongation factor-2 (EF-2), and down-regulated β-actin] were confirmed by 

Western blot analysis. Our data may help to understand how monocytes interact with COM crystals. These processes are 

proposed to cause subsequent inflammatory response in kidney stone disease through oxidative stress pathway(s). © 2010 


No.1265 

Author (s) : Singkaravanit, S., Kinoshita, H., Ihara, F., Nihira, T. 

Title : Cloning and functional analysis of the second geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase gene influencing helvolic acid biosynthesis 

in Metarhizium anisopliae 

Source : Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 87 (3), pp. 1077-1088. 


Keywords : Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase; Helvolic acid; Metarhizium anisopliae; Secondary metabolism 

Abstract : A gene (ggs2) having high similarity to the geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (GGPP synthase) gene was cloned from 

Metarhizium anisopliae NAFF635007. The ggs2 gene (1,239-bp open reading frame with no intron) encoded a protein of 412 

amino acids, and the transcription occurred only after late log-phase during the growth. Gene disruption of ggs2, performed to 

clarify the function in M. anisopliae, resulted in decreased GGPP synthase activity together with a slight delay of sporulation. 

An high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) comparison of compound profiles between the wild-type strain and the 

disruptant revealed that a compound was abolished by the ggs2 disruption. Purification and structural elucidation by 1H-NMR 

and mass spectrometry analyses revealed that the lost compound is helvolic acid. Furthermore, the pathogenicity assay 

against two species of insect larvae revealed that the ggs2-disruptant possessed much weaker toxicity than the wild-type 

460


strain. Based on these results, it was concluded that ggs2 encodes the GGPP synthase influencing the biosynthesis of 

secondary metabolites in various species, including helvolic acid in M. anisopliae. To the best of our knowledge, this is the 

first report to identify a GGPP synthase gene related to secondary metabolism in entomopathogenic fungi. © Springer-Verlag 


No.1266 

Author (s) : Singkaravanit, S., Kinoshita, H., Ihara, F., Nihira, T. 

Title : Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase genes in entomopathogenic fungi 



Keywords : Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase; Metarhizium anisopliae 

Abstract : Based on comparative amino-acid sequence alignment of geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) synthase from filamentous fungi, 

degenerated oligonucleotide primers were designed for searching GGPP synthase gene(s) in entomopathogenic fungi. 

Polymerase chain reaction with the designed primers amplified GGPP synthase homologues from five representative 

entomopathogenic fungi: Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana, Verticillium lecanii, Paecilomyces farinosus, and 

Nomuraea rileyi. Sequence comparison of the amplified of GGPP synthase homologue fragments revealed that M. anisopliae 

and B. bassiana have at least two different types of the GGPP synthase gene homologues. The first type (designated as ggs1), 

which is highly conserved among the five strains, has a unique Ser-rich region, SSXSSVSGSSS (X refers to L, A, V, or S), and is 

constitutively expressed throughout growth. In contrast, the second type of GGPP synthase gene homologue (ggs2) was 

discovered only in some strains, and genes of this type possessed high similarity to each other but showed relatively weak 

similarity to the ggs1 genes, with no detectable transcription under the cultivation conditions applied in this experiment. The 

ggs1 cloned from M. anisopliae, which encoded a putative protein of 359 amino acid residues, was heterologously expressed 

in E. coli. The recombinant protein showed activity to synthesize GGPP from farnesyl diphosphate and isopentenyl 

diphosphate. These results strongly suggested that the ggs1 gene encodes a GGPP synthase involved in primary metabolism. 

© 2009 Springer-Verlag. 

No.1267 

Author (s) : Singkhamanan, K., Promdonkoy, B., Chaisri, U., Boonserm, P. 

Title : Identification of amino acids required for receptor binding and toxicity of the Bacillus sphaericus binary toxin 

Source : FEMS Microbiology Letters, 303 (1), pp. 84-91. 


Keywords : Bacillus sphaericus; Binary toxin; BinB; Mutagenesis; Receptor binding 

Abstract : Bacillus sphaericus produces a mosquito-larvicidal binary toxin composed of BinB and BinA subunits. BinA is important for 

toxicity, whereas BinB acts as a specific receptor-binding component. To study the functional significance of two regions that 

are only present in BinB, four block mutations and two single mutations were initially introduced: 111YLD113→ 111AAA113, 

115NNH117→ 115AAA117, 143GEQ145 →143AAA145, 147FQFY150→ 147AAAA150, N114A and F146A. Only the 

replacements at 147FQFY150 resulted in a total loss of toxicity to Culex quinquefasciatus larvae. Further single alanine 

substitutions in this region, F147A, Q148A, F149A and Y150A, were introduced to identify residues playing a critical role in 

mosquito-larvicidal activity. Larvicidal activity assays revealed that only F149A and Y150A mutants exhibited a total loss of 

toxicity. The in vitro interaction assays demonstrated that all BinB mutants are able to interact with BinA. 

Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that only the Y150A mutant was unable to bind to the larval midgut, suggesting an 

important role of this residue in receptor binding of the BinB subunit. Conservative aromatic substitutions at F149 and Y150 

resulted in full recovery of larvicidal activity, indicating that the aromaticity of F149 and Y150 is a key determinant of larvicidal 

activity, possibly playing a key role in the membrane interaction and receptor binding. © 2009 Federation of European 

Microbiological Societies. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.1268 

Author (s) : Sinsereekul, N., Wangkam, T., Thamchaipenet, A., Srikhirin, T., Eurwilaichitr, L., Champreda, V. 

Title : Recombinant expression of BTA hydrolase in Streptomyces rimosus and catalytic analysis on polyesters by surface plasmon 

resonance 



461


Keywords : Aliphatic-aromatic copolyester; Ecoflex®; Hydrolase; Streptomyces rimosus; Surface plasmon resonance; Thermobifida sp. 

Abstract : A recombinant polyester-degrading hydrolase from Thermobifida sp. BCC23166 targeting on aliphatic-aromatic copolyester 

(rTfH) was produced in Streptomyces rimosus R7. rTfH was expressed by induction with thiostrepton as a C-terminal His6 

fusion from the native gene sequence under the control of tipA promoter and purified from the culture supernatant to high 

homogeneity by a single step affinity purification on Ni-Sepharose matrix. The enzyme worked optimally at 50-55°C and 

showed esterase activity on C3-C16 p-nitrophenyl alkanoates with a specific activity of 76.5 U/mg on p-nitrophenyl palmitate. 

Study of rTfH catalysis on surface degradation of polyester films using surface plasmon resonance analysis revealed that the 

degradation rates were in the order of poly-ε-caprolactone >∈Ecoflex®∈>∈ polyhydroxybutyrate. Efficient hydrolysis 

of Ecoflex® by rTfH was observed in mild alkaline conditions, with the highest activity at pH 8.0 and ionic strength at 250 mM 

sodium chloride, with the maximal specific activity of 0.79 mg-1min-1mg-1 protein. Under the optimal conditions, rTfH 

showed a remarkable 110-time higher specific activity on Ecoflex® in comparison to a lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus, 

while less difference in degradation efficiency of the two enzymes was observed on the aliphatic polyesters, suggesting 

greater specificities of rTfH to the aliphatic-aromatic copolyester. This study demonstrated the use of streptomycetes as an 

alternative expression system for production of the multi-polyester-degrading enzyme of actinomycete origin and provided 

insights on its catalytic properties on surface degradation contributing to further biotechnological application of this enzyme. 

© 2010 Springer-Verlag. 

No.1269 

Author (s) : Sinthupibulyakit, C., Ittarat, W., St. Clair, W.H., St. Clair, D.K. 

Title : p53 protects lung cancer cells against metabolic stress 

Source : International Journal of Oncology, 37 (6), pp. 1575-1581. 


Keywords : 2-Deoxy-D-glucose; Cancer metabolism; Oxidative stress; p53 

Abstract : The preferential use of aerobic glycolysis for energy production by cancer cells, a phenomenon known as the 'Warburg 

effect', is well recognized and is being considered for therapeutic applications. However, whether inhibition of glycolysis will 

be effective in all types of cancer is unclear. The current study shows that a glycolytic inhibitor, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG), 

exhibits the cytotoxic effect on non-small cell lung cancer in a p53-dependent manner. 2DG significantly inhibits ATP 

production in p53-deficient lung cancer cells (H358) but not in p53-wt cells (A549). In contrast to p53-wt cells, p53-defective 

cells are unable to compensate for their need of energy via oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) when glycolysis is inhibited. 

In the presence of p53, increased ROS from OXPHOS increases the expression of p53 target genes known to modulate 

metabolism, including synthesis of cytochrome c oxidase 2 (SCO2) and TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator 

(TIGAR). Importantly, 2DG selectively induces the expression of the antioxidant enzymes manganese superoxide dismutase 

(MnSOD) and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) in a p53-dependent manner. The results demonstrate that the killing of cancer 

cells by the inhibitor of glycolysis is more efficient in cancer cells without functional p53 and that p53 protects against 

metabolic stress by up-regulation of oxidative phosphorylation and modulation of antioxidants. 

No.1270 

Author (s) : Sintiprungrat, K.; Singhto, N.; Sinchaikul, S.; Chen, S.T.; Thongboonkerd, V. 

Title : Alterations in cellular proteome and secretome upon differentiation from monocyte to macrophage by treatment with 

phorbol myristate acetate: Insights into biological processes 

Source : JOURNAL OF PROTEOMICS, Volume: 73, Issue: 3, Special Issue: SI, Pages: 602-618, DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2009.08.001, Published: 

JAN 3 2010 


Keywords : Cellular proteins; Differentiation; Macrophage; Monocyte; Proteome; Proteomics; Secreted proteins; Secretome 

Abstract : Monocyte and macrophage are mainly involved in immune response and inflammatory processes. Monocytes circulate in the 

bloodstream and migrate to various tissues where they can differentiate to macrophages. However, the molecular basis of 

biological processes involved in this cellular differentiation remains ambiguous. This study was to investigate alterations in 

cellular and secreted proteins after this differentiation phase. Macrophage was differentiated from U937 human monocytic 

cell line by treatment with 100 ng/ml phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) for 48 h. Cellular and secreted proteins extracted from 

PMA-treated cells (macrophages) were compared with those of untreated cells (monocytes) using 2-DE (n=5 gels/condition; 

stained with Deep Purple fluorescence dye). Quantitative intensity analysis revealed 81 and 67 protein spots whose levels 

were significantly altered in cellular proteome and secretome. These proteins were subsequently identified by Q-TOF MS 

462


and/or MS/MS analyses. The altered levels of cellular elongation factor-2 (EF-2) and secreted alpha-tubulin were confirmed 

by Western blot analysis. Global protein network analysis demonstrated that these altered proteins were involved in cell 

death, lipid metabolism, cell morphology, cellular movement, and protein folding. our data may provide some insights into 

molecular mechanisms of biological processes upon differentiation from monocytes to macrophages. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All 


No.1271 

Author (s) : Sirachainan, N., Sasanakul, W., Parapakpenjune, S., Wongwerawattanakoon, P., Visudibhan, A., Chuansumrit, A. 

Title : Protein C deficiency in Thai children with thromboembolism: A report of clinical presentations and mutation analysis 

Source : Thrombosis Research, 125 (2), pp. 200-202. 


Keywords : antigen, arginine, cysteine, fresh frozen plasma, glycine, low molecular weight heparin, nucleotide, protein 

C, tryptophan, warfarin; adult, amino acid analysis, amino acid substitution, anticoagulant therapy, apnea, brain edema, brain 

infarction, cerebral palsy, cerebrovascular accident, child, clinical article, clinical feature, conformation sensitive gel 

electrophoresis, deep vein thrombosis, disease course, drug dose reduction, enzyme activity, epileptic state, exon, eye 

examination, female, frameshift mutation, fulminating purpura, gel electrophoresis, genetic 

polymorphism, hemiparesis, heteroduplex analysis, human, international normalized ratio, letter, lung 

embolism, male, meningitis, missense mutation, mutational analysis, partial protein c deficiency, polymerase chain 

reaction, posterior cerebral artery, preschool child, priority journal, protein C deficiency, retina detachment, skin defect, skin 

necrosis, thromboembolism, vacuum assisted closure, venous thromboembolism, vitreous hemorrhage, wound care, wound 

healing; Asian Continental Ancestry Group, Child, Diseases in Twins, DNA Mutational Analysis, Female, Humans, Male, Protein C 

Deficiency, Thailand, Thromboembolism, Twins, Monozygotic 


No.1272 

Author (s) : Sirachainan, N.; Pakakasama, S.; Anurathapan, U.; Visudhibhan, A.; Boongird, A.; Dhanachai, M.; Larbcharoensub, N.; Hongeng, S. 

Title : OUTCOME OF CHILDREN WITH NEWLY OR RECURRENT DIAGNOSED HIGH GRADE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM GLIOMAS TREATED 

WITH CARBOPLATIN AND IRINOTECAN 





No.1273 

Author (s) : Siramolpiwat, S.; Pramoolsinsap, C.; Wisedopas, N. 

Title : USEFULNESS OF SERUM HIGH-SENSITIVITY CRP MEASUREMENT IN DIFFERENTIATING NON-ALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS AND 

SIMPLE STEATOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE 





No.1274 

Author (s) : Siriapisith, T., Wasinrat, J., Mutirangura, P., Ruangsetakit, C., Wongwanit, C. 

Title : Optimization of the table speed of lower extremity CT angiography protocols in different patient age groups 

Source : Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, 4 (3), pp. 173-183. 


Keywords : Cardiovascular CT; CT angiography; Lower extremity artery; Multidetector CT 

Abstract : Background: Scanning with 64-slice multidetector row CT (MDCT) is usually faster than blood flow in peripheral arteries of the 

lower extremities, and the distal arteries of lower extremities are difficult to visualize, particularly in elderly patients. Thus, 

the optimal table speed for CT angiography (CTA) studies should be adjusted for appropriate patient age groups. Objective: 

We evaluated the relative efficacy of different table speeds in several age groups of patients with suspected peripheral 

463


arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) undergoing CTA of lower extremity arteries, as a guideline for routine use. Methods: This 

retrospective study reviewed routine CTA of the lower extremity arteries of 107 patients with suspected PAOD to evaluate 

vascular opacification in each vascular segment of 5 age groups: ≤40 years (group 1), 41-60 years (group 2), 61-70 years (group 

3), 71-75 years (group 4), and ≥76 years (group 5). Adequate vascular opacification was measured for attenuation in the 

suprarenal and infrarenal abdominal aorta and in the arteries of the lower extremity. Venous contamination was also 

measured. Results: Adequate vascular opacification from the suprarenal aorta to the level of the mid-popliteal artery was 

shown in all patients. Arterial opacification at the dorsalis pedis or plantar arteries was visualized in 85.7%-91.7% of patients 

and at the plantar arch arteries in 84.1%-91.7%. Minimal venous contamination was also shown adjacent to arterial 

enhancement, ranging from 0% to 28.6%. Conclusion: Performing CTA of the lower extremities with 64-slice MDCT could 

reduce the table speed to allow adequate arterial opacification and minimal venous contamination. © 2010 Society of 

Cardiovascular Computed Tomography. 

No.1275 

Author (s) : Siriapisith, T., Wasinrat, J., Slisatkorn, W. 

Title : Computed tomography of aortic intramural hematoma and thrombosed dissection 

Source : Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals, 18 (5), pp. 456-463. 


Keywords : Aneurysm; Angiocardiography; Aortic Aneurysm; Aortic Diseases; Dissecting; Tomography; X-Ray Computed 

Abstract : A retrospective study was undertaken to evaluate the appearance of the aortic wall on computed tomography for the 

purpose of developing criteria for differentiating acute aortic intramural hematoma from thrombosed false lumen seen in 

aortic dissection. Computed tomography angiography findings of the thoracoabdominal aorta in 23 patients with suspected 

intramural hematoma and 25 with thrombosed false lumen were reviewed. The more common features of an intramural 

hematoma were hyperattenuation of the aortic wall, wall thickness less than a quarter of the aortic diameter, intrinsic wall 

calcification, a lesion extending around the entire aortic circumference, and ulcer-like projections that may be precursors of 

intramural hematoma. Wall thickness less than a quarter of the aortic diameter, lesion extending around the entire aortic 

circumference, and ulcer-like projections were the most useful indicators for distinguishing intramural hematoma from the 

thrombosed false lumen in aortic dissection. © SAGE Publications 2010. 

No.1276 

Author (s) : Siriapisith, T., Wasinrat, J., Tresukosol, D. 

Title : Uncorrected pink tetralogy of Fallot in an adult patient: Incidental CT findings 

Source : Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, 4 (1), pp. 58-61. 


Keywords : Cardiac CT; Computed tomography; Congenital heart disease; Tetralogy of Fallot 

Abstract : Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), one of the most common congenital heart diseases, has four major components: right ventricular 

hypertrophy, overriding aorta, membranous ventricular septal defect, and right ventricular outflow tract obstruction.1 If not 

already present at birth, cyanosis develops in the first year of life. Survival of the patient depends on the degree of 

pulmonary obstruction and the pulmonary blood supply. Patients rarely survive after the fourth decade of life.2-6 Limitation 

of blood to the lungs combined with ventricular septal defect results in supply of oxygen-poor blood to the body, causing 

cyanosis (blue coloration) in the patient. If the pulmonary stenosis is mild and ventricular septal defect is in balance, 

however, the noncyanotic patient is referred as having "pink tetralogy of Fallot.". © 2010 Society of Cardiovascular Computed 

Tomography. 

No.1277 

Author (s) : Siriarunrat, S., Lapvongwatana, P., Powwattana, A., Leerapan, P. 

Title : Development of a model for parent-adolescent daughter communication about sexuality 

Source : Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 41 (4), pp. 961-972. 


Keywords : Guardian-adolescent female; Model sexuality communication tactics 

Abstract : This study aimed to develop a model for parent-adolescent daughter communication about sexuality (PDCS). The subjects 

were 18 mother-doughter pairs. The females were 12-13 years old studying in the 7th grade of a secondary school in 

Bangkok. The model had 3 parts: 1) the process of PDCS development, 2) the essential components, characteristics and 

464


patterns of PDCS and 3) the impact of the program. The model was examined using both quantitative (paired ttest) and 

qualitative (content analysis) methods. The inputs, assessing the guardian and adolescent female factors, included sexuality 

knowledge, understanding of the daughter's sexual development, attitudes regarding talking about sexuality, perceptions 

regarding communication and the maternal-daughter relationship, and uncomfortable feelings and confidence in ability to 

talk about sexuality. The processes included: 1) raising awareness and enhancing positive attitudes about PDCS, 2) establishing 

sexual knowledge and development, 3) establishing a maternal- daughter relationship and 4) training in reciprocal PDCS skills. 

The output was modification of maternal and daughter communication skills that occurred during the shared discussion and 

reflection process. The outcomes reflected 4 aspects: feelings toward PDCS, characteristics of PDCS, sexual knowledge, and 

maternal-daughter relationship. The model was successful in guardian implementation and networking were established on 

their own with the cooperation of both subjects in accordance with their likenesses, abilities, and competencies. There was 

little assistance needed from the researcher or teacher to support self reliance with the PDCS. 

No.1278 

Author (s) : Siriboonpiputtana, T.; Jomsawat, U.; Rinthachai, T.; Thanakitgosate, J.; Shotivaranon, J.; Limsuwanachot, N.; Polyorat, P.; 

Rerkamnuaychoke, B. 

Title : Y-chromosomal STR haplotypes in Central Thai population 

Source : FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL-GENETICS, Volume: 4, Issue: 3, Pages: E71-E72, DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2009.06.007, Published: 

APR 2010 




No.1279 

Author (s) : Sirikulchayanonta, C., Iedsee, K., Shuaytong, P., Srisorrachatr, S. 

Title : Using food experience, multimedia and role models for promoting fruit and vegetable consumption in Bangkok kindergarten 

children 

Source : Nutrition and Dietetics, 67 (2), pp. 97-101. 


Keywords : Food experience; Fruit and vegetable consumption; Health promotion; Multimedia; Pre-schooler; Role model 

Abstract : Aim: To evaluate the use of food experience, multimedia and role models for promoting fruit and vegetable consumption in 

kindergarten children. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted. A Bangkok public primary school was randomly 

selected and one of the kindergarten levels was purposively chosen. Program implementation consisted of 11 activities over 

an eight-week period from July to September, 2003. Data on demographic variables, and types and amounts of fruit and 

vegetables consumed and frequency of fruit and vegetables served were collected before and after the intervention. Program 

evaluation consisted of an analysis of the pre- and post-test data. Results: After the intervention, fruit and vegetable eating 

behaviour scores (median ± interquartile range) revealed significant changes from 3 ± 8 to 7 ± 8 for vegetables and 6 ± 8 to 9 

± 8 for fruit (P-value < 0.001); the different types of consumed vegetables were increased from two to four (P-value ≤ 0.001); 

and the fruit and vegetable intake was significantly increased from 53 g to 77 g and from 11 g to 23 g respectively (P-value < 

0.005). Conclusions: Results of this pilot study were effective in increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in the 

kindergarten, however, longer-term evaluation and assessment of the impact on the home environment are required. The 

inclusion of nutrition education and instruction on healthy eating habits in the course curriculum combined with social 

support from teachers and families may improve and sustain fruit and vegetable eating behaviours. © 2010 The Authors. 

Journal compilation © 2010 Dietitians Association of Australia. 

No.1280 

Author (s) : Sirikulchayanonta, V., Arthit, J., Suphaneewan, J. 

Title : Epithelioid hemangioma involving three contiguous bones: A case report with a review of the literature 

Source : Korean Journal of Radiology, 11 (6), pp. 692-696. 


Keywords : Epithelioid hemangioma spine rib imaging osseous bone 

Abstract : An epithelioid hemangioma involving three contiguous bones in continuity has, to the best of our knowledge, not been 

reported in the literature. A case of a 48- year-old man presented with radiating pain to the lower thoracic region for two 

465


years. A radiograph and CT scan revealed both permeative osteolytic and multiple trabeculated lesions involving the left 

posterior part of the 10th rib as well as the 9th and 10th vertebral bodies in continuity and was misled as a malignant or 

infectious lesion. The histopathology and immuno-histochemistry of the lesion confirmed the diagnosis of an epithelioid 

hemangioma. The lesion was still stableas of three years after surgery. 

No.1281 

Author (s) : Siriphorn, A., Chompoopong, S., Floyd, C.L. 

Title : 17β-Estradiol protects Schwann cells against H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and increases transplanted Schwann cell survival in a 

cervical hemicontusion spinal cord injury model 

Source : Journal of Neurochemistry, 115 (4), pp. 864-872. 


Keywords : Cell transplantation; Cervical; Estrogen; Oxidative injury; Schwann cell; Spinal cord injury 

Abstract : Schwann cell (SC) transplantation is a promising repair strategy after spinal cord injury (SCI); however, a large number of SCs 

do not survive following transplantation. Previous studies have shown that 17β-estradiol (E2) protects several cell types 

against cytotoxicity. Thus, this study evaluated the protective potential of E2 on SCs in vitro and investigated the effect of E2 

on transplanted SC survival in a rat model of SCI. Primary SC cultures were found to robustly express estrogen receptors (ER) 

and incubation with E2 protected SCs against hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death. This protection was not inhibited by the 

ER antagonist ICI 182,780, suggesting that genomic signaling is not necessary for protection. In a subsequent experiment, 

cervical hemicontusion SCI was induced in male rats followed by sustained administration of E2 or placebo. Eight days after 

SCI, SCs were transplanted into the injury epicenter. E2 treatment significantly increased the number of surviving labeled 

transplanted SCs evaluated 7 days after transplantation. These data demonstrate that E2 protects SCs against oxidative stress 

and improves transplanted SC survival, which suggests that E2 administration may be an intervention of choice for enhancing 

survival of transplanted SCs after SCI. © 2010 The Authors. Journal Compilation © 2010 International Society for 

Neurochemistry. 

No.1282 

Author (s) : Siriphukpong, S., Pattanaprichakul, P., Sitthinamsuwan, P., Karoopongse, E. 

Title : Granulomatous mycosis fungoides with large cell transformation misdiagnosed as leprosy 

Source : ournal of the Medical Association of Thailand, 93 (11), pp. 1321-1326. 


Keywords : Granuloma annulare-like; Granulomatous mycosis fungoides; Large cell transformation; Leprosy 

Abstract : Background: Granulomatous mycosis fungoides is an unusual histopathological variant of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma without 

clinical distinction from classic mycosis fungoides. Symptoms associated with peripheral nerve involvement have rarely been 

reported in the literature. Case Report: The authors described a case of granulomatous MF stage IIB with large cell 

transformation who initially presented with leprosy-like condition and chronic left peroneal neuropathy. The patient received 

six courses of gemcitabine with greater than 90% improvement of skin lesions. The rest of the lesions were successfully 

treated with local electron beam radiation. Conclusion: Granulomatous MF with neuropathy can be clinically misdiagnosed if 

there is no histopathological and immunohistochemical finding to support the diagnosis of lymphoma. 

No.1283 

Author (s) : Sirisali, K., Manochiopinij, S., Leelahakul, P., Ruengrai, V., Sattayakom, A., Sirisali, S. 

Title : Critical value of the clinical laboratory test in Thailand. 

Source : Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet, 93 Suppl 6, pp. S22-27. 


Keywords : article, clinical chemistry, diagnostic procedures, health care quality, hospital, hospital laboratory, human, practice 

guideline, questionnaire, standard, Thailand; Chemistry, Clinical, Clinical Laboratory 

Techniques, Hospitals, Humans, Laboratories, Hospital, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Quality Assurance, Health 

Care, Questionnaires, Reference Standards, Thailand 

Abstract : The critical values are the values of laboratory testing results which required attention or action by the physicians. It is an 

essential component of good laboratory practice and widely used throughout the world. The present study examined the 

current situation on implementing of critical value list (CVL) of Thai clinical laboratory and what factors were involved in their 

consideration. A questionnaire composed of 3 main categories made up of 34 questions was mailed to 450 Thai clinical 

466


laboratories. These participated laboratories were randomly selected from both private-and government-hospitals. 

Participated ones were requested to answer the questionnaire and return via mail within two months. Data were analyzed by 

Chi-square test on Microsoft Excel. The results showed that there were only 48.9% of Thai laboratories implemented the CVL. 

It was found that there were many factors which governed the implementation of critical values. These factors were 

significantly different between those who implement the critical values and those did not (p < 0.01). In regard to private- and 

government-hospital laboratories, implementation of CVL was not significant difference (p > 0.1). However, it was found that 

assigned persons who responded to notify and act on the critical value was significantly different (p < 0.01). Moreover there 

were no significant differences on laboratory policy, communication method as well as standard operating procedures on 

critical values between the private- and government-hospital laboratories (p > 0.1). There were only 20.2% of those who 

implemented the CVL and considered this action as a non-troublesome matter. But, a large group of 95.7% considered this 

matter as an extra-ordinary tool for quality control of result reporting system. Thai laboratories perceived the implementation 

of critical values list differently. There were some factors beyond their consideration. However utilizing of CVL would be an 

extra-ordinary tool for assuring test results. 

No.1284 

Author (s) : Sirisali K., Manochiopinij S., Leelahakul P., Vattanaviboon P., Wonglumsom W., Sirisali S. 

Title : A smart model for clinical laboratory personnel development. 

Source : Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet, Volume 93 Suppl 6, November 2010, Pages S203- 

207 


Keywords : article, education, evaluation, human, laboratory, laboratory personnel, organization and management, personnel 

management, pilot study, professional competence, program development, quality control, research, standard, Thailand; 

Humans, Laboratories, Medical Laboratory Personnel, Pilot Projects, Professional Competence, Program Development, Quality 

Control, Research, Staff Development, Thailand 

Abstract : To become a quality clinical laboratory, personnel development is the most important factor. In order to achieve this goal, it 

should emphasize that clinical laboratory is not only a testing laboratory; it must be a knowledge-based service laboratory. A 

smart model for clinical laboratory personnel development under the Human Asset Development (HAD) program had been 

launched since 2003. To strengthen the competency of clinical laboratory personnel, an appropriate model was developed 

and apply to the clinical laboratory personnel. Medical technologist who currently worked in clinical laboratory participated 

in this study. The proposed model consisted of 3 phases. 1) The knowledge providing via update and refresher courses. 2) 

Application of learned knowledge to practice under close supervision. 3) Training on special topic and self oriented research 

activity. The outcome of 5 years project was evaluated. After the first phase, they were able to identify and solve their own 

troublesome under ours close supervision. There were 25 projects presented within 3 years. The last phase, they were very 

constructive. Nine projects of self created had been presented. Those projects contained clear objectives and were able to 

implement. The smart model for clinical laboratory personnel development leaded to many self created projects in a few 

years. Thus, this implies its important role in human resource development that should be continued. The keys index of 

success were ours strong intention, with providing motivation and periodically encouragement to the participants, and keep 

going on consistently. 

No.1285 

Author (s) : Sirisinha, K., Boonkongkaew, M., Kositchaiyong, S. 

Title : The effect of silane carriers on silane grafting of high-density polyethylene and properties of crosslinked products 

Source : Polymer Testing, 29 (8), pp. 958-965. 


Keywords : Crosslinking; Grafting; High-density polyethylene; Silane 

Abstract : High-density polyethylene (HDPE) was melt-grafted with vinyl trimethoxysilane using dicumyl peroxide as initiator. Three types 

of ethylene copolymers were used as silane carriers, and were evaluated for their ability to assist the silane-grafting and 

water-crosslinking of HDPE. FTIR revealed that an increase in the amount of silane absorbed in the carriers did not help 

improve the silane-grafting efficiency. However, the gel and rheological results showed that those carriers promoted the rate 

of crosslinking and increased the density of the crosslink network. Ethylene vinyl acetate showed a stronger effect in this 

respect than ethylene octene and ethylene-butene copolymers. Analysis of the crosslinked materials by heat distortion 

temperature (HDT) test and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated a marked increase in distortion and decomposition 

467


temperatures, as well as thermal activation energy, compared to the neat HDPE. The presence of silane crosslink also 

resulted in a slight improvement in tensile yield stress and modulus. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.1286 

Author (s) : Siriswangvat, S., Sansanayudh, N., Nathisuwan, S., Panomvana, D. 

Title : Comparison between the effect of omeprazole and rabeprazole on the antiplatelet action of clopidogrel 

Source : Circulation Journal, 74 (10), pp. 2187-2192. 


Keywords : Clopidogrel; Omeprazole; Platelet aggregation; Rabeprazole 

Abstract : Background: Emerging data suggests that several proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), including omeprazole, might interfere with the 

antiplatelet action of clopidogrel. However, there is a lack of data for rabeprazole. This study aimed to investigate and 

compare the impact of omeprazole and rabeprazole on the antiplatelet action of clopidogrel among patients with coronary 

artery disease (CAD). Methods and Results: A prospective, randomized, open-labeled study was conducted among 87 CAD 

patients receiving clopidogrel and aspirin. Forty three and 44 patients were randomized to receive omeprazole 20 mg and 

rabeprazole 20 mg once daily, respectively, for at least 2 weeks. Adenosine 5-diphosphate 20 μmol/L-induced platelet 

aggregation was performed before and after PPIs treatment. Mean maximal platelet aggregation (MPA) before and after PPIs 

treatment of both groups were compared. At baseline, there were no significant differences in the mean MPA between the 

omeprazole and rabeprazole groups (40.68±18.82% vs 36.42±21.39%; P=0.326). After a 2-week treatment with PPIs, the mean 

MPA in both groups significantly increased from baseline and there were no differences between the omeprazole and 

rabeprazole groups (55.73±19.66% vs 48.46±18.80%; P=0.141). Conclusions: Both omeprazole and rabeprazole decreased the 

antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel. Use of these agents resulted in a similar degree of interference on clopidogrel's action, as 

measured by ADP-induced platelet aggregation. 

No.1287 

Author (s) : Siritho, S., Prayoonwiwat, N., Pulkes, T., Chankrachang, S., Laptikultham, S., Nidhinandana, S., Sethawacharawanit, S., 

Tantirittisak, T., Arayawichanont, A. 

Title : A retrospective study of multiple sclerosis in Thailand 

Source : Neurology Asia, 15 (3), pp. 253-261. 


Keywords : adult, article, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, clinical feature, controlled study, demography, demyelinating disease, disease 

association, disease course, disease duration, Expanded Disability Status Scale, family history, female, human, major clinical 

study, male, multiple sclerosis, neuroimaging, onset age, prevalence, recurrence risk, retrospective study, sex 

ratio, symptomatology, Thailand, visual impairment 

Abstract : Objectives: To determine the prevalence of Thai demyelinating diseases regarding demographic data, symptoms and signs, 

associated diseases, disease progression, cerebrospinal fluid analysis and imaging findings. Methods: A multicenter 

retrospective study of 107 MS patients attending the Neurological Centers in Thailand during June and December 2004 was 

performed. Each had an initial diagnosis of demyelinating diseases. Results: From 107 patients, there were 78.5% female and 

21.5% male with the female: male ratio of 3.7:1. The age at onset was 32.7±11.5 years. The mean disease duration was 

3.8±5.1 years and the mean number of relapses was 4.6±4.4 with annual relapse rate of 1.5±1.3 times. None reported a 

family history of MS. Recurrent optico-spinal form was 27.1% followed by 17.8% of spinal form and 15% of western form of 

MS. The most common presenting symptom was visual impairment (51.4%). Only 24.1% demonstrated oligoclonal bands in 

CSF. The median score of EDSS at their latest visits was 3.0 with mean score of 3.8±3.0. Conclusions: MS in Thailand is 

different from Western countries. There were no occurrence of MS in families, higher incidence of visual impairment at onset, 

more common recurrent optico-spinal form and lower incidence of oligoclonal bands in the CSF. 

No.1288 

Author (s) : Siritho, S.; Nakashima, I.; Takahashi, T.; Fujihara, K.; Prayoonwiwat, N. 

Title : Anti-AQP4 antibody status in Thai demyelinating diseases: A Thai-Japanese collaborative study 





468


No.1289 

Author (s) : Siriussawakul, A., Mandee, S., Thonsontia, J., Vitayaburananont, P., Areewatana, S., Laonarinthawoot, J. 

Title : Obesity, epidural analgesia, and subcostal incision are risk factors for postoperative desaturation 

Source : Canadian Journal of Anesthesia, 57 (5), pp. 415-422. 


Keywords : bupivacaine, fentanyl, morphine; abdominal surgery, adult, age, arterial oxygen desaturation, arterial oxygen 

saturation, article, bleeding, continuous infusion, descriptive research, drug dose titration, epidural 

anesthesia, female, human, hypoxemia, incision, intraoperative period, major clinical study, male, night, obesity, operation 

duration, oxygenation, postoperative analgesia, postoperative complication, priority journal, risk factor, smoking, subcostal 

incision; Abdomen, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Analgesia, Epidural, Analgesics, Opioid, Blood Loss, Surgical, Female, Hospitals, 

University, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Obesity, Oxygen, Postoperative 

Complications, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Smoking, Time Factors 

Abstract : Purpose: This study was designed to determine the incidence of oxygen desaturation after upper abdominal surgery during 

the first 48 hr on general surgical wards and also to identify risk factors for oxygen desaturation. Methods: This descriptive 

study was conducted in 206 patients not expected to receive supplemental oxygen postoperatively who were undergoing 

upper abdominal surgery in a tertiary care university hospital. Desaturation was classified either as constant, i.e., oxygen 

saturation < 90% for > three minutes or < 85% once or as episodic, i.e., when oxygen saturation is decreased by ≥ 5% 

below baseline for one to two minutes ten times or more during the night period. Possible risk factors were elderly patients 

(> 70 yr), obesity (body mass index [BMI] > 25 kg.m-2), smoking, surgical time > 180 min, postoperative pain control 

methods, intraoperative blood loss, and site of incision. Results: Of the 206 patients enrolled, 171 were retained for analysis. 

Desaturation occurred in 65 patients (38%). Forty-eight of these had constant hypoxemia with nadir oxygen saturation values 

ranging from 71-89%. The remaining 17 patients experienced nocturnal episodic hypoxemia. After multivariate analysis, the 

three factors that correlated with postoperative desaturation were BMI > 25 (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.06; 95% confidence 

interval (CI) 1.38-6.79; P = 0.006), subcostal incision (OR 2.68; 95%CI 1.34-5.38; P = 0.005), and neuraxial opioids (OR 2.44; 

95%CI 1.21-4.91; P = 0.013). Conclusion: Oxygen desaturation is common after upper abdominal surgery, and the risk factors 

are obesity, a subcostal incision, and neuraxial opioid administration. © 2010 Canadian Anesthesiologists' Society. 

No.1290 

Author (s) : Sirovetnukul, R., Chutima, P. 

Title : Multi-objective particle swarm optimization with negative knowledge for U-shaped assembly line worker allocation problems 

Source : IEEM2010 - IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, art. no. 5674252, pp. 2033- 

2038. 


Keywords : Multiple objectives; Negative knowledge; Particle swarm optimization; U-shaped assembly lines; Worker allocation 

Abstract : A Single U-shaped Assembly Line (SUAL) is a type of Just-In-Time (JIT) production system where a variety of product models 

with similar product characteristics are assembled. Worker allocation to the SUAL is crucial to achieve the main benefits of JIT 

with the minimum of number of workers, equity of workload and the shortest walking time. A novel algorithm, named 

Particle Swarm Optimization with Negative Knowledge (PSONK), is proposed to find the Pareto-optimal solutions for SUAL 

worker allocation problems with from seven to two hundred and ninety-seven tasks. The performance of PSONK are 

compared with Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) against the measures of convergence, spread, ratio of 

Pareto-optimal solutions, and CPU time. PSONK outperforms NSGA-II for most performance measures. ©2010 IEEE. 

No.1291 

Author (s) : Sithisarn, P.; Jarikasem, S.; Thisayakorn, K.; Supatanakul, W.; Arunpairojana, V. 

Title : Adaptogenic-related activity and phenolic content of selected ginseng-like herbs in Thailand 





No.1292 

Author (s) : Sitthidet, C., Stevens, J.M., Field, T.R., Layton, A.N., Korbsrisate, S., Stevens, M.P. 

469


Title : Actin-based motility of Burkholderia thailandensis requires a central acidic domain of BimA that recruits and activates the 

cellular Arp2/3 complex 

Source : Journal of Bacteriology, 192 (19), pp. 5249-5252. 


Keywords : actin, actin related protein 2, actin related protein 3, bacterial protein, protein BimA, unclassified drug, actin binding protein; 

actin polymerization, animal cell, article, bacterium mutant, Burkholderia, Burkholderia infection, Burkholderia 

thailandensis, mouse, nonhuman, priority journal, protein binding, protein domain, confocal 

microscopy, genetics, metabolism, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; Burkholderia, Burkholderia thailandensis; 

Actins, Bacterial Proteins, Burkholderia, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Microfilament Proteins, Microscopy, Confocal 

Abstract : Burkholderia species use BimA for intracellular actin-based motility. Uniquely, Burkholderia thailandensis BimA harbors a 

central and acidic (CA) domain. The CA domain was required for actin-based motility, binding to the cellular Arp2/3 complex, 

and Arp2/3-dependent polymerization of actin monomers. Our data reveal distinct strategies for actin-based motility among 

Burkholderia species. Copyright © 2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 

No.1293 

Author (s) : Sitthinamsuwan, B., Chanvanitkulchai, K., Nunta-Aree, S., Kumthornthip, W., Pisarnpong, A., Ploypetch, T. 

Title : Combined ablative neurosurgical procedures in a patient with mixed spastic and dystonic cerebral palsy 

Source : Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, 88 (3), pp. 187-192. 


Keywords : Cerebral palsy; Cervical dystonia; Microsurgical dorsal root entry zone lesion; Selective dorsal rhizotomy; Selective 

peripheral denervation; Selective peripheral neurotomy; Spasticity 

Abstract : Background: Harmful generalized spasticity is an obstacle in rehabilitation and caregiving. Neurosurgical intervention is a 

therapeutic option for patients with severe spasticity who do not respond to nonoperative management. Currently, 

intrathecal baclofen therapy (ITB) is a good alternative treatment for such patients. However, the ITB device is costly and the 

intrathecal drug is not available in Thailand. Case Description: We report a combined use of ablative neurosurgical procedures 

in a patient with severe generalized spasticity and disabling cervical dystonia (CD). The assembled operations including 

selective peripheral denervation for CD, microsurgical dorsal root entry zone lesion for upper limb spasticity, and selective 

dorsal rhizotomy for lower limb spasticity were conducted in a single session. Furthermore, recurrent spasticity of the upper 

extremities was subsequently treated by selective peripheral neurotomy. Results: The spasticity and CD totally disappeared 

after all operations. The patient became able to sit and perform head turning. Additionally, we also found an improvement in 

swallowing and the voluntary movement of the lower limbs. © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel. 

No.1294 

Author (s) : Sitthinamsuwan, P., Pongpruttipan, T., Chularojmontri, L., Pattanaprichakul, P., Khuhapinant, A., Sukpanichnant, S. 

Title : Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type, presenting with primary Cutaneous lesion mimicking Granulomatous Panniculitis: 

A case report and review of literature 



Keywords : Cutaneous lymphoma; Epstein barr virus; Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma 

Abstract : Background: Cutaneous extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (NK/T) is relatively rare, associated with aggressive 

behavior and poor prognosis. Histopathological findings, immunohistochemical study, and EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) in situ 

hybridization are essential for the diagnosis. Case Report: A 54-year-old Thai man with NK/T of the nasal cavity initially 

presented with cutaneous NK/T mimicking granulomatous panniculitis. The skin biopsies were performed twice due to the 

marked necrosis in the first one. The second biopsy revealed small, medium, and large atypical lymphoid cells infiltrating fat 

lobules with necrotic foci and granulomatous reaction. Within the ranulomatous inflammation, the atypical lymphoid cells 

showing involvement of the blood vessel (angiocentricity) were noted. Immunostaining demonstrated that the atypical 

lymphoid cells marked with CD3, CD56, and TIA-1, but they did not mark with CD5, CD20, CD15, or CD 30. EBER in situ 

hybridization was positive. Conclusion: Cutaneous NK/T can produce granulomatous panniculitis. The recognition of atypical 

lymphoid cells showing angiocentricity together with immunohistochemistry and EBER in situ hybridization are crucial for the 

correct diagnosis. 

470


No.1295 

Author (s) : Sitthinamsuwan, P. 

Title : Cutaneous involvement by extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma of the colon, histologically mimicking mycosis fungoides: A case 

retort 






No.1296 

Author (s) : Sittishoktram, M., Asawapirom, U., Osotchan, T. 

Title : Optical and electrical properties of modified polythiophene with tetrafluorobenzene thin film 

Source : Advanced Materials Research, 93-94, pp. 574-577. 


Keywords : Modified poly(3-hexylthiophene); Optical properties; Time of flight measurement 

Abstract : Modified poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) with molecule of 1,4-dithienyl-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzene in the main chain was 

developed as a new class of conjugated polymer with high stability. The structural and optical characteristics of modified 

polymer were investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and optical absorption spectroscopy. By comparing to characteristic of 

P3HT, the XRD pattern of modified polymer showed the diffraction peak shifted from theta of 5.4° to 5.9° with decrease 

intensity. This indicates that the modified polymer chain has a reducing in structural coplanarity and crystallinity. Since the 

electrical property can be related to the morphology and structure of thin film, the electrical conduction of modified 

polymer was studied with the structure of ITO/modified P3HT/Al. The result of I-V characteristic measurement of modified 

polymer as a function of temperatures showed that the conductance decreased with decreasing temperature. The mobility of 

copolymer was also evaluated by using time of flight measurement and mobility value of 5x10-4 cm2/Vs was obtained at 

room temperature. © (2010) Trans Tech Publications. 

No.1297 

Author (s) : Sittishoktram, M.; Asawapirom, U.; Osotchan, T. 

Title : Relationship between electrical properties and structure for modified poly(3-hexylthiophene) copolymer thin films 



Keywords : Acceptor molecules, Aluminum electrodes, Benzothiadiazoles, Carrier conduction, Coplanarity, Copolymer thin films, 

Crystallinities, Diffraction peaks, Electrical property, IV characteristics, Main chains, Modified polymer, Molecular 

ordering, Optical characteristics, Poly-3-hexylthiophene, Room temperature, Time of flight measurements, UV-visible 

absorption spectroscopy, XRD patterns; Absorption spectroscopy, Benzene, Carrier mobility, Nanoelectronics, Plastic 

films, Polymeric films, Polymers, Thin films, X ray diffraction, X ray diffraction analysis; Electric properties 

Abstract : Relationship between the changing in structure and the electrical properties of modified poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) was 

examined. For modified P3HT two types of acceptor molecules including 1,4-Bis(5-brothien-2-yl)-2,3,5,6- tetrafluoro benzene 

(TFT) and 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (Bz) were added into the main chain of P3HT. These modifications have the effect to 

molecular ordering of modified polymer thin film. The structural and optical characteristics of modified polymer were 

investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy. By comparing to characteristic of pristine P3HT, 

the XRD pattern of modified polymer showed the shift of diffraction peak with decrease in intensity. These indicate that 

modified polymer chain reduced in structural coplanarity and crystallinity. Since the electrical property relates to the 

morphology and structure of thin film, the I-V characteristic of modified polymer thin film was measured with aluminum 

electrode and the results show the decrease in current relative to that in pristine P3HT. Furthermore, the mobility of 

modified polymer was also evaluated by using time of flight measurement with the structure of ITO/modified P3HT/Al at 

room temperature. The measured mobilities of modified is agree well with the I-V characteristics and this can demonstrate 

the effect of molecular ordering on its carrier conduction. ©2010 IEEE. 

471


No.1298 

Author (s) : Sivilaikul, S., Jitprom, A., Kularb, A., Kornkaewrut, K., Suthanmaphinuth, P., Mahasawangkul, S., Saikhun, K., Wajjwalku, W., 

Thongtipsiridech, S. 

Title : Relationship between seminal and serum calcium concentration with semen quality in the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) 

Source : Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 40 (3), pp. 251-255. 


Keywords : Asian elephant (Elephas maximus); Calcium; Semen quality 

Abstract : The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship of calcium concentration in seminal plasma on elephant semen 

quality including of volume, concentration, pH and percentage of progressive motility, dead sperm and abnormal 

morphology, respectively. Semen collection and evaluation were done in 9 elephants of Thai Elephant Conservation Centre, 

National Elephant Institute, Forest Industry Organization at Lampang. Calcium in seminal plasma was measured by using 

colorimetric method. Data were analyzed by using Linear Regression. The results revealed that amount of calcium in seminal 

plasma was negative correlated with only percentage of progressive motility (p5-40% and 

>50%, respectively) and analyzed by using Repeated measure ANOVA. The results revealed that percentage of dead sperm 

and abnormal morphology and concentration of calcium in seminal plasma of all groups were significantly difference 

(p


No.1300 

Author (s) : Smithuis, F., Kyaw, M.K., Phe, O., Win, T., Aung, P.P., Oo, A.P.P., Naing, A.L., Nyo, M.Y., Myint, N.Z.H., Imwong, M., Ashley, E., Lee, 

S.J., White, N.J. 

Title : Effectiveness of five artemisinin combination regimens with or without primaquine in uncomplicated falciparum malaria: An 

open-label randomised trial 

Source : The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 10 (10), pp. 673-681. 


Keywords : amodiaquine plus artesunate, artemether plus benflumetol, artesunate, artesunate plus mefloquine, dihydroartemisinin plus 

piperaquine, mefloquine, primaquine; abdominal pain, adolescent, anorexia, article, child, clinical trial, combination 

chemotherapy, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, diarrhea, dizziness, drug efficacy, female, follow up, headache, heart 

palpitation, human, infant, insomnia, major clinical study, malaria falciparum, male, mixed infection, multicenter 

study, nausea, Plasmodium falciparum, preschool child, priority journal, randomized controlled trial, reinfection, school 

child, single drug dose, treatment outcome, vomiting; Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and 

over, Antimalarials, Artemisinins, Child, Child, Preschool, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Humans, Infant, Malaria, 

Falciparum, Malaria, Vivax, Male, Mefloquine, Middle Aged, Myanmar, Plasmodium falciparum, Primaquine, Treatment 

Outcome, Young Adult 

Abstract : Background: Artemisinin-combination therapy (ACT) is recommended as first-line treatment of falciparum malaria throughout 

the world, and fixed-dose combinations are preferred by WHO; whether a single gametocytocidal dose of primaquine should 

be added is unknown. We aimed to compare effectiveness of four fixed-dose ACTs and a loose tablet combination of 

artesunate and mefloquine, and assess the addition of a single gametocytocidal dose of primaquine. Methods: In an openlabel 

randomised trial in clinics in Rakhine state, Kachin state, and Shan state in Myanmar (Burma) between Dec 30, 2008, and 

March 20, 2009, we compared the effectiveness of all four WHO-recommended fixed-dose ACTs (artesunate-mefloquine, 

artesunate-amodiaquine, dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, artemether-lumefantrine) and loose artesunate-mefloquine in 

Burmese adults and children. Eligible patients were those who presented to the clinics with acute uncomplicated 

Plasmodium falciparum malaria or mixed infection, who were older than 6 months, and who weighed more than 5 kg. 

Treatments were randomised in equal numbers within blocks of 50 and allocation was in sealed envelopes. All patients were 

also randomly assigned to receive either a single dose of primaquine 0·75 mg base/kg or not. Patients were followed up for 

63 days. Treatment groups were compared by analysis of variance and multiple logistic regression. The primary outcome was 

the 63 day recrudescence rate. This study is registered with clinicaltrials.gov, number NCT00902811. Findings: 155 patients 

received artesunate-amodiaquine, 162 artemether-lumefantrine, 169 artesunate-mefloquine, 161 loose artesunatemefloquine, 

and 161 dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine. By day 63 of follow-up, 14 patients (9·4%; 95% CI 5·7-15·3%) on 

artesunate-amodiaquine had recrudescent P falciparum infections, a rate significantly higher than for artemether-lumefantrine 

(two patients; 1·4%; 0·3-5·3; p=0·0013), fixed-dose artesunate-mefloquine (0 patients; 0-2·3; p


Source : Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 67 (19), pp. 3371-3387. 


Keywords : Atypical chemokine receptor; Cancer; Duffy antigen receptor for 

chemokines; HIV; Immunoaffinity; Inflammation; Plasmodium vivax; VHH 

Abstract : Fy blood group antigens are carried by the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC), a red cells receptor for Plasmodium 

vivax broadly implicated in human health and diseases. Recombinant VHHs, or nanobodies, the smallest intact antigen 

binding fragment derivative from the heavy chain-only antibodies present in camelids, were prepared from a dromedary 

immunized against DARC N-terminal extracellular domain and selected for DARC binding. A described VHH, CA52, does 

recognize native DARC on cells. It inhibits P. vivax invasion of erythrocytes and displaces interleukin-8 bound to DARC. The 

targeted epitope overlaps the well-defined DARC Fy6 epitope. K D of CA52-DARC equilibrium is sub-nanomolar, hence ideal 

to develop diagnostic or therapeutic compounds. Immunocapture by immobilized CA52 yielded highly purified DARC from 

engineered K562 cells. This first report on a VHH with specificity for a red blood cell protein exemplifies VHHs' potentialities 

to target, to purify, and to modulate the function of cellular markers. © 2010 Springer Basel AG. 

No.1302 

Author (s) : Smolarek, D.; Hattab, C.; Hassanzadeh-Ghassabeh, G.; Cochet, S.; Gutierrez, C.; De Brevern, A. G.; Udomsangpetch, R.; Picot, J.; 

Grodecka, M.; Wasniowska, K.; Muyldermans, S.; Colin, Y.; Le-Van-Kim, C.; Czerwinski, M.; Bertrand, O. 

Title : RECOMBINANT FRAGMENT OF CAMEL HEAVY CHAIN ANTIBODIES (VHH) DIRECTED AGAINST DUFFY ANTIGEN RECEPTOR FOR 

CHEMOKINES 

Source : VOX SANGUINIS, Volume: 99, Supplement: 1, Pages: 361-361, Published: JUL 2010 




No.1303 

Author (s) : Snabboon, T., Plengpanich, W., Houngngam, N., Buranasupkajorn, P., Plengvidhya, N., Sereepapong, W., Sunthornyothin, S., 

Shotelersuk, V. 

Title : Concurrent bilateral pheochromocytoma and thoracic paraganglioma during pregnancy 

Source : Endocrine, 37 (2), pp. 261-264. 


Keywords : Bilateral pheochromocytoma; Paraganglioma; Pregnancy; VHL 

Abstract : Although hypertension occurring during pregnancies is not uncommon and its prognosis is generally excellent, some of its 

unusual causes can lead to catastrophic consequences, especially in undiagnosed cases. Here, we report a pregnant woman 

who presented with hypertension in her early pregnancy. It was subsequently found to be caused by bilateral 

pheochromocytoma. After removal of both tumors, catecholamine levels unexpectedly and unexplainably remained 

elevated. At 23 weeks of gestation, the fetus was found dead in utero. After the fetal death, additional studies were 

performed and revealed a thoracic paraganglioma. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a case of three catecholamineproducing 

tumors occurring concurrently during a pregnancy. Genetic analysis helped identify this unprecedented condition; 

the patient harbored a heterozygous missense mutation c.482G>A in exon 3 of the VHL gene, indicating von Hippel-Lindau 

syndrome. Physicians who care for hypertensive pregnant patients should be aware of this condition as its diagnosis would 

probably lead to a better outcome. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. 

No.1304 

Author (s) : Sobhonslidsuk, A., Intaraprasong, P., Tongprasert, S. 

Title : Evaluation of donors for living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) 



Keywords : Deceased donor; Evaluation; Liver transplantation; Living donor 

Abstract : Liver transplantation has been the last resort of definite treatment for decompensate cirrhosis, early-stage of hepatocellular 

carcinoma, and acute liver failure. Organ shortage is the major obstacle of deceased-donor liver transplantation. Since the first 

case of living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT), many centers around the world started the LDLT program. Living donors 

should be informed about the possible risk of morbidity and mortality, and later give consent for liver donation without 

474


coercion. Donor selection and evaluation have become one of the important steps prior to LDLT, aiming to exclude donors 

who may have high risks from LDLT and to assure that LDLT recipients will receive perfect liver grafts. In Thailand, living 

donors must have been blood relatives or be legally married with recipients for at least three years. Donor evaluation can be 

divided into three step-by-step phases. Psychological evaluation of living donors is also included in pre-transplant 

assessment. 

No.1305 

Author (s) : Soe, A.N., Tansuphasawadikul, S., Phonrat, B., Boonpok, L., Tepsupa, S., Japrasert, C., Maek-a-nantawat, W. 

Title : Early viral suppression predicting long-term treatment success among HIV patients commencing NNRTI-based antiretroviral 

therapy 

Source : Journal of Antivirals and Antiretrovirals, 2 (2), pp. 33-37. 


Keywords : ART; HIV; NNRTI; Toxicity; Treatment outcomes 

Abstract : Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) -based antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens have been recommended 

and widely used in resource-limited settings because of their reliable efficacy, low pill burden, and low cost. This study 

sought to determine outcomes and toxicities of NNRTI-based ART over a period of 208 weeks. A total of 244 HIV/AIDS Thai 

patients with a mean (±SD) age of 36 (±8.1) years initiated NNRTI-based ART in 2004. The median (inter-quartile range) 

baseline CD4 cell counts and HIV RNA levels were 34 (13-101) cells/mm3 and 5.4 (4.96-5.79) log copies/ml, respectively. At 

week 208, 84.6% of patients achieved HIV RNA loads <50 copies/ml, 88.5% continued NNRTI based regimens, 6.1% 

developed virologic resistance to NNRTIs, and 3.3% lost to follow up. Baseline CD4<50 cell/mm3 (p=0.019), and viral load 

≥50 copies/ml at 6 months post-ARV (p<0.001) were associated with treatment failure. At the end of the study, 39.8% 

lipoatrophy and 35.7% hyperlipidemia were identified. In conclusion, NNRTI-based regimens result in high virologic success; 

early undetectable viral load is key to predicting long-term virologic success. © 2010 Soe AN, et al. 

No.1306 

Author (s) : Sojikul, P., Kongsawadworakul, P., Viboonjun, U., Thaiprasit, J., Intawong, B., Narangajavana, J., Svasti, M.R.J. 

Title : AFLP-based transcript profiling for cassava genome-wide expression analysis in the onset of storage root formation 

Source : Physiologia Plantarum, 140 (2), pp. 189-298. 


Keywords : complementary DNA; amplified fragment length polymorphism, article, cassava, chemistry, DNA sequence, expressed 

sequence tag, gene expression profiling, gene expression regulation, genetics, growth, development and aging, molecular 

genetics, nucleotide sequence, plant genome, plant root, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; Amplified Fragment 

Length Polymorphism Analysis, DNA, Complementary, Expressed Sequence Tags, Gene Expression Profiling, Gene Expression 

Regulation, Developmental, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Genome, Plant, Manihot, Molecular Sequence Data, Plant 

Roots, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sequence Analysis, DNA; Manihot esculenta, Solanum tuberosum 

Abstract : Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a root crop that accumulates large quantities of starch, and it is an important source of 

carbohydrate. Study on gene expressions during storage root development provides important information on storage root 

formation and starch accumulation as well as unlock new traits for improving of starch yield. cDNA-Amplified Fragment 

Length Polymorphism (AFLP) was used to compare gene expression profiles in fibrous and storage roots of cassava cultivar 

Kasetsart 50. Total of 155 differentially expressed transcript-derived fragments with undetectable or low expression in leaves 

were characterized and classified into 11 groups regarding to their functions. The four major groups were no similarity (20%), 

hypothetical or unknown proteins (17%), cellular metabolism and biosynthesis (17%) and cellular communication and 

signaling (14%). Interestingly, sulfite reductase (MeKD82), calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) (MeKD83), ent-kaurene 

synthase (KS) (MeKD106) and hexose transporter (HT) (MeKD154) showed root-specific expression patterns. This finding is 

consistent with previously reported genes involved in the initiation of potato tuber. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription 

polymerase chain reaction of early-developed root samples confirmed that those four genes exhibited significant expression 

with similar pattern in the storage root initiation and early developmental stages. We proposed that KS and HT may involve in 

transient induction of CDPK expression, which may play an important role in the signaling pathway of storage root initiation. 

Sulfite reductase, on the other hand, may involve in storage root development by facilitating sulfur-containing protein 

biosynthesis or detoxifying the cyanogenic glucoside content through aspartate biosynthesis. Copyright © Physiologia 

Plantarum 2010. 

475


No.1307 

Author (s) : Sokal, D.C., Vach, T.H., Nanda, K., McCann, M.F., Weiner, D.H., Drobnes, C., Rochanawutanon, M., Duc, N.B., Loan, N.D. 

Title : Quinacrine sterilization and gynecologic cancers: A case-control study in Northern Vietnam 

Source : Epidemiology, 21 (2), pp. 164-171. 


Keywords : mepacrine; adult, article, cancer risk, case control study, controlled study, disease association, drug exposure, female, female 

sterilization, gynecologic cancer, human, leiomyosarcoma, major clinical study, ovary cancer, priority journal, uterine cervix 

cancer, uterus cancer, Viet Nam, Wart virus; Age Factors, Case-Control Studies, Confidence Intervals, Female, Genital 

Neoplasms, Female, Humans, Leiomyosarcoma, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Ovarian Neoplasms, Quinacrine, Registries, Risk 

Factors, Sterilization, Reproductive, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, Uterine Neoplasms, Vietnam 

Abstract : BACKGROUND:: Over 100,000 women worldwide have been sterilized by insertion of quinacrine into the uterus to induce 

tubal scarring. Concern has been expressed about possible carcinogenicity, and specifically the risk of uterine cancer. 

METHODS:: From 2001 through 2006, we conducted a population-based, case-control study of gynecologic cancers in 12 

provinces in northern Vietnam, where relatively large numbers of women had received quinacrine. Cases of incident cervical, 

ovarian, and uterine cancer were identified at provincial hospitals or at referral hospitals in Hanoi. For each case, 3 age-and 

residence-matched controls were randomly selected from the population registries of the case's home community. RESULTS:: 

The prevalence of quinacrine exposure was 1.2% among cases and 1.1% among controls. For cervical cancer, analysis of 606 

cases (9 exposed) and their 1774 matched controls (18 exposed) produced an odds ratio of 1.44 (95% confidence interval = 

0.59-3.48) (adjusted for several covariates including human papillomavirus risk score). For ovarian cancer, based on 262 cases 

(3 exposed) and 755 controls (8 exposed) and adjusted for age and number of years of ovulation, the odds ratio was 1.26 

(0.21-5.45). For uterine cancer, none of the cases-including 23 cases of leiomyosarcoma-was exposed to quinacrine. The 95% 

confidence interval, based on 161 cases (none exposed) and 470 controls (7 exposed) and adjusted only for age, was 0-1.85. 

CONCLUSION:: We found no evidence of a relationship between quinacrine sterilization and gynecologic cancer. Copyright © 

2010 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 

No.1308 

Author (s) : Somboonna, N., Mangkalanan, S., Udompetcharaporn, A., Krittanai, C., Sritunyalucksana, K., Flegel, T.W. 

Title : Mud crab susceptibility to disease from white spot syndrome virus is species-dependent 

Source : BMC Research Notes, 3, art. no. 315, . 


Keywords : Decapoda (Crustacea), Scylla, Scylla olivacea, Scylla paramamosain, Scylla serrata, Shrimp white spot syndrome virus 

Abstract : Background: Based on a report for one species (Scylla serrata), it is widely believed that mud crabs are relatively resistant to 

disease caused by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). We tested this hypothesis by determining the degree of susceptibility in 

two species of mud crabs, Scylla olivacea and Scylla paramamosain, both of which were identified by mitochondrial 16 S 

ribosomal gene analysis. We compared single-dose and serial-dose WSSV challenges on S. olivacea and S. paramamosain. 

Findings: In a preliminary test using S. olivacea alone, a dose of 1 × 106 WSSV copies/g gave 100% mortality within 7 days. In 

a subsequent test, 17 S. olivacea and 13 S. paramamosain were divided into test and control groups for challenge with WSSV 

at 5 incremental, biweekly doses starting from 1 × 104 and ending at 5 × 106 copies/g. For 11 S. olivacea challenged, 3 

specimens died at doses between 1 × 105 and 5 × 105 copies/g and none died for 2 weeks after the subsequent dose (1 × 

106 copies/g) that was lethal within 7 days in the preliminary test. However, after the final challenge on day 56 (5 × 106 

copies/g), the remaining 7 of 11 S. olivacea (63.64%) died within 2 weeks. There was no mortality in the buffer-injected 

control crabs. For 9 S. paramamosain challenged in the same way, 5 (55.56%) died after challenge doses between 1 × 104 

and 5 × 105 copies/g, and none died for 2 weeks after the challenge dose of 1 × 106 copies/g. After the final challenge (5 × 

106 copies/g) on day 56, no S. paramamosain died during 2 weeks after the challenge, and 2 of 9 WSSV-infected S. 

paramamosain (22.22%) remained alive together with the control crabs until the end of the test on day 106. Viral loads in 

these survivors were low when compared to those in the moribund crabs. Conclusions: S. olivacea and S. paramamosain 

show wide variation in response to challenge with WSSV. S. olivacea and S. paramamosain are susceptible to white spot 

disease, and S. olivacea is more susceptible than S. paramamosain. Based on our single-challenge and serial challenge results, 

and on previous published work showing that S. serrata is relatively unaffected by WSSV infection, we propose that 

susceptibility to white spot disease in the genus Scylla is species-dependent and may also be dose-history dependent. In 

practical terms for shrimp farmers, it means that S. olivacea and S. paramamosain may pose less threat as WSSV carriers than 

S. serrata. For crab farmers, our results suggest that rearing of S. serrata would be a better choice than S. paramamosain or S. 

476


olivacea in terms of avoiding losses from seasonal outbreaks of white spot disease. © 2010 Somboonna et al; licensee 


No.1309 

Author (s) : Somchaipeng, T., Kruatong, T. 

Title : The development of thai pre-service mathematics teachers' pedagogical content knowledge: A series teaching case 

Source : International Journal of Learning, 17 (7), pp. 257-276. 


Keywords : Pre-service mathematics teacher pedagogical content knowledge; Series 

Abstract : One important component of pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) is knowledge of strategies and representations for 

teaching particular topics. Aimed to enhance this component of pre-service mathematics teachers, the abstract and symbolic 

concept of series is used as a learning context of a learning unit which is called "PCK+series unit", which was developed. The 

teaching and learning process of this unit was based on the constructivist approach to foster atmospheres of mathematics 

learning through key features of a constructivist view of learning, and was implemented while enhancing pre-service teachers' 

PCK in instructional designs and teaching of series. The unit was implemented (8 weeks) with 23 pre-service mathematics 

teachers in the third year of attending selected topics in a mathematics instruction course. The collection of data involved a 

pre-post questionnaire, weekly journals, and video recording of series lesson plan presentation sessions with their respective 

mentors. At the beginning of the PCK+series unit implementation, most pre-service teachers were unable to employ 

appropriate teaching strategies required to explain series concepts. Most of them planned to teach by showing various series 

formulas and giving some examples of problem solving through a traditional teaching approach. After the implementation, 

learning components of PCK and several activities including brief hands-on activities helped pre-service teachers to realize 

that moving from the constructivist learning theory into classroom practice is necessary for their future students. The results 

support a growing awareness among pre-service teachers concerning the need to understand students' prior knowledge and 

relate it with new learning experiences provided in teaching and learning situation; for example using guided questions and 

designing series models to help students comprehend and build series' formulas from their own ideas. © Common Ground, 

Tongta Somchaipeng, Tussatrin Kruatong. 

No.1310 

Author (s) : Somcharit L., Keorochana K., Muangman P., Chunhasuwankul R., Siritongtaworn P., Pongnumkul C. 

Title : Thoracic trauma at Siriraj Hospital 1997-2006. 



Keywords : Thoracic trauma 

Abstract : Thoracic trauma is a common injury that has a high mortality rate. Fortunately, most can be treated by a simple maneuver as 

intercostal drainage (79.4%). During the decade 1997-2006, there were 897 admitted patients in the Trauma division of Siriraj 

Hospital. Most were men (85.5%) and the common age group was 21-30 years. Blunt trauma was the major type of injury 

(58.9%) and traffic accidents were common causes. Abdominal injury was the most common associated injury. After the 

management was improved, the overall mortality rate was reduced from 7.0% to 5.1%. Today, minimally invasive surgery 

such as laparoscopy can reduce hospital stays and pain in patients with thoracoabdominal injury. 

No.1311 

Author (s) : Sompradeekul, S., Minipan, M. 

Title : Clinical features and management of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension in Thai. 

Source : Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet, 93 Suppl 1, pp. S79-85. 


Keywords : anticoagulant agent, heparin; adult, aged, article, computer assisted tomography, cross-sectional 

study, endarterectomy, female, human, incidence, lung, lung embolism, male, middle aged, pathophysiology, pulmonary 

artery, pulmonary hypertension, radiography, retrospective study, risk factor, Thailand, thromboembolism, treatment 

outcome, vascularization; Adult, Aged, Anticoagulants, Cross-Sectional 

Studies, Endarterectomy, Female, Heparin, Humans, Hypertension, Pulmonary, Incidence, Lung, Male, Middle Aged, Pulmonary 

Artery, Pulmonary Embolism, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Thailand, Thromboembolism, Tomography, X-Ray 

Computed, Treatment Outcome 

477


Abstract : BACKGROUND: The incidence and clinical features of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) in Thailand 

are unknown. This may be due to the difficulties in diagnosis, poor disease recognition and non-specific presenting symptoms 

and signs. With the new revolution of diagnostic tools and advanced knowledge about this condition, CTEPH is now 

discovered much more often. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cross-sectional study. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate common risk 

factors, symptoms, signs, commonly used investigations, treatment and results of treatment in Thai patients with CTEPH. 

MATERIAL AND METHOD: All patients with confirmed CTEPH diagnoses were selected for analysis in this study. We evaluated 

characteristics of patients with CTEPH at Siriraj hospital. All CTEPH patients' data included demographics, symptoms, signs, 

investigations, treatments, outcome and risk factors such as malignancy; previous deep vein thrombosis, immobilization, and 

congenital thrombophilia were recorded. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The descriptive statistics were used in this study. Categorical 

data and continuous data presented in term of percent and mean with standard deviation respectively. RESULTS: fourteen 

patients had confirmed diagnoses of CTEPH, five patients were male and 9 were female. The age of patients varied from 28 

to 79-years-old. Mean age was 55-years-old. The most common presenting symptoms and signs were dyspnea (100%), 

followed by leg edema (78.6%), tachypnea (71.4%) and accentuation of pulmonic component of second heart sound (loud 

P2) (57.1%). At the time of diagnosis, four out of 14 patients were in NYHA class II, ten were in NYHA class III, and none of 

them was in NYHA class IV. Idiopathic CTEPH was found in 54.1% of patients. Congenital and acquired thrombophilia were the 

frequent risk factors found in our series. The most frequent radiographic abnormalities included enlarged pulmonary trunk, 

right atrium/right ventricle (RA/RV) dilatation, and cardiomegaly followed by prominent pulmonary trunk. Echocardiography 

findings were elevated right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP); ranges varied from 60 mmHg to 137 mmHg (mean was 107.48 

mmHg). The most common finding of arterial blood gas in APE patients was respiratory alkalosis with hypoxemia. The most 

frequent diagnostic tool used was ventilation-perfusion lung scan. Treatment of CTEPH patients was by anticoagulant, 

pulmonary thromboendarterectomy and inferior vena cava filter insertion. The success rate of surgical 

thromboendarterectomy in our institute was about 80%. CONCLUSION: Characteristics of CTEPH patients are unique and 

different from acute pulmonary embolism in aspects of clinical presentations, risk factors, investigation, common findings, 

treatment and outcome. 

No.1312 

Author (s) : Somprasong, N., McMillan, I., Karkhoff-Schweizer, R.R., Mongkolsuk, S., Schweizer, H.P. 

Title : Methods for genetic manipulation of Burkholderia gladioli pathovar cocovenenans 

Source : BMC Research Notes, 3, art. no. 308, . 


Keywords : Bacteria (microorganisms), Burkholderia gladioli, Negibacteria 

Abstract : Background. Burkholderia gladioli pathovar cocovenenans (BGC) is responsible for sporadic food-poisoning outbreaks with high 

morbidity and mortality in Asian countries. Little is known about the regulation of virulence factor and toxin production in 

BGC, and studies in this bacterium have been hampered by lack of genetic tools. Findings. Establishment of a comprehensive 

antibiotic susceptibility profile showed that BGC strain ATCC33664 is susceptible to a number of antibiotics including 

aminoglycosides, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines and trimethoprim. In this study, we established that 

gentamicin, kanamycin and trimethoprim are good selection markers for use in BGC. Using a 10 min method for preparation of 

electrocompetent cells, the bacterium could be transformed by electroporation at high frequencies with replicative plasmids 

containing the pRO1600-derived origin of replication. These plasmids exhibited a copy number of > 100 in BGC. When coconjugated 

with a transposase expressing helper plasmid, mini-Tn7 vectors inserted site- and orientation-specifically at a 

single glmS-associated insertion site in the BGC genome. Lastly, a Himar1 transposon was used for random transposon 

mutagenesis of BGC. Conclusions. A series of genetic tools previously developed for other Gram-negative bacteria was 

adapted for use in BGC. These tools now facilitate genetic studies of this pathogen and allow establishment of toxin 

biosynthetic pathways and their genetic regulation. © 2010 Schweizer et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.1313 

Author (s) : Somsuk, N., Punnakitikashem, P., Laosirihongthong, T. 

Title : Determining enabling factors of University Technology Business Incubation program: Resource-based view theory 

Source : IEEM2010 - IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, art. no. 5674238, pp. 1032- 

1037. 


Keywords : Analytic hierarchy process; Resource-based view; University Technology Business Incubator 

478


Abstract : University Technology Business Incubation (UTBI) is a program developed for an entrepreneurial company by providing a 

variety of resources and services to a selected start-up or entrepreneurial groups in early-stage technology-related ventures. 

To promote the success of UTBI program, it is important for management team to understand the necessary resources 

required by the program. The purpose of this paper is to determine enabling factors with respect to company resources in 

enhancing the success of UTBI. Resource-Based View (RBV) theory was considered as a grounded theory to develop those 

enabling factors. After reviewing literature on UTBIs and RBV theory, four categories of resources were identified. These are 

human, technological, financial, and organizational resources. Then, the attributes representing each category were assigned 

using the Q-sort technique. Finally, the model of analytical hierarchy decision making process is proposed to examine the 

relative importance of each resource to the success of UTBI program. Panel of experts will be carried out in the next stage of 

this research project. ©2010 IEEE. 

No.1314 

Author (s) : Songneam, N., Phokharatkul, P., Kimpan, C. 

Title : Radial Inverse Force Histograms: A new algorithm for content-based image retrieval 

Source : 2010 International Conference on Computer, Mechatronics, Control and Electronic Engineering, CMCE 2010, 6, art. 

no. 5609929, pp. 29-32. 


Keywords : Content-based image retrieval; Membership matching score; Radial inverse force histogram 

Abstract : This paper proposes a novel method, called "Radial Inverse Force Histograms (RIFH)". The principle of this method uses the 

gravitational forces in Newton's theory to represent the texture of image in histogram pattern. In a far and away distance the 

gravitational forces were reduced. In spite of this region has influence to retrieve the image. In order to overcome this 

problem, this research uses RIFH. The method can be used for retrieval invariant images (translation, rotation, and scaling). In 

experimental with the grey level image, this research studies and compare with the distance histograms method and angular 

histograms method. It found that, the RIFH has a better performance than other approaches. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.1315 

Author (s) : Songsaeng, D., Geibprasert, S., Willinsky, R., Tymianski, M., Terbrugge, K.G., Krings, T. 

Title : Impact of anatomical variations of the circle of Willis on the incidence of aneurysms and their recurrence rate following 

endovascular treatment 

Source : Clinical Radiology, 65 (11), pp. 895-901. 


Keywords : adult, aged, anatomical variation, anterior communicating artery, aplasia, artery diameter, artery dysplasia, article, basilar 

artery, brain angiography, brain artery aneurysm, brain circulus arteriosus, coil embolization, female, follow up, human, major 

clinical study, male, posterior communicating artery, priority journal, recurrent disease; Aneurysm, Ruptured, Cerebral 

Angiography, Circle of Willis, Embolization, Therapeutic, Female, Humans, Incidence, Intracranial Aneurysm, Male, Middle 

Aged, Recurrence, Treatment Outcome 

Abstract : Aim: To analyse the impact of anatomical variations of the parent arteries on the incidence and recurrence rate following coil 

embolization of aneurysms of the anterior (AcoA), posterior communicating artery (PcoA) and basilar artery (BA) tip. Methods: 

Two hundred and two (96 AcoA, 67 PcoA, and 29 BA) aneurysms in 200 patients were treated with coil embolization between 

January 2000 and April 2008. Parent artery variations at each location were classified as: AcoA: A1 aplasia versus hypoplasia 

versus symmetrical size; PcoA: foetal origin versus medium versus small size, BA: cranial versus caudal versus asymmetrical 

fusion. The incidence of aneurysms and difference between recurrence rates for each group were recorded on follow-up. 

Results: AcoA, PcoA, and BA aneurysms were more often associated with embryonically earlier vessel wall dispositions (A1 

aplasia, foetal PcoA, asymmetrical fusion). Two of these variations were also associated with aneurysm recurrence following 

coil embolization: asymmetrical A1 segment (p = 0.01), and asymmetrical BA tip (p = 0.02). Conclusions: AcoA, PcoA, and BA 

tip aneurysms tend to occur more often in anatomically variant parent artery dispositions, some of which are related to 

aneurysm recurrence following coil embolization. This may relate to a more fragile vessel disposition as it is not fully matured 

or to altered haemodynamics secondary to the anatomical variations. © 2010 The Royal College of Radiologists. Published by 

Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.1316 

Author (s) : Songsaeng, D., Srivatanakul, K., Krings, T., Geibprasert, S., Ozanne, A., Lasjaunias, P. 

479


Title : Symptomatic spontaneous vertebrobasilar dissections in children: Review of 29 consecutive cases: Clinical article 

Source : Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics, 6 (3), pp. 233-243. 


Keywords : Cerebral ischemia; Childhood aneurysm; Dissecting aneurysm; Pediatric stroke; Subarachnoid hemorrhage; Vertebrobasilar 

artery dissection 

Abstract : Object. The purpose of this study is to analyze the clinical presentation, morphological characteristics, angio-architecture, and 

outcome of vertebrobasilar dissection (VBD) in the pediatric population. Methods. The authors retrospectively reviewed 29 

consecutive cases involving children younger than 16 years of age who were diagnosed with symptomatic VBDs. Data were 

gathered with respect to the patient's age, sex, clinical history, associated underlying disease, and symptoms (headache, 

vertigo) as well as the location of the dissection and the imaging appearance. Results. The patients' mean age was 8.24 years 

(range 2 months - 15 years). There was an overall 3:1 male predominance, although among children older than 8 years, girls 

and boys were similarly affected. Hemorrhagic dissections occurred in 10 of 29 cases. In nonhemorrhagic dissections, stroke 

occurred in 16 cases, with the most common presenting symptoms being headaches and vertigo; in the other 3 cases, mass 

effect due to a chronic dissecting aneurysm was present. In 7 children an underlying vessel wall disease was found. The 

location of the dissection was extradural in 11 cases and intradural in the remainder. There was no preference with respect to 

side. The basilar artery was affected in 9 patients. Conclusions. The imaging appearance and clinical presentation of 

symptomatic VBDs in the pediatric population differs from that in adults. Boys are more often affected, especially at younger 

ages, and hemorrhagic presentation is more common, presumably owing to the fact that the basilar artery is more commonly 

involved. Depending on the pathogenetic mechanism underlying the dissection, different clinical symptoms will evolve, 

necessitating individually tailored treatment. 

No.1317 

Author (s) : Songthaveesin, C. 

Title : THE NEURAL STEM CELLS OF THE RETINA IN BOVINE 





No.1318 

Author (s) : Songthaveesin, C.; Kotchabphakdi, N. 

Title : SCRATCHING SUBCULTURES OF BOVINE NEURAL STEM CELLS 





No.1319 

Author (s) : Sonthayanon, P., Peacock, S.J., Chierakul, W., Wuthiekanun, V., Blacksell, S.D., Holden, M.T.G., Bentley, S.D., Feil, E.J., Day, N.P.J. 

Title : High rates of homologous recombination in the mite endosymbiont and opportunistic human pathogen orientia 

tsutsugamushi 



Keywords : bacterial DNA, gene product, outer membrane protein A, protein gpsA, protein mdh, protein NrdB, protein nuoF, protein 

ppdK, protein sucB, protein sucD, unclassified drug; article, Australia, bacterial strain, bacterium culture, bacterium 

isolate, controlled study, DNA extraction, endosymbiont, gene amplification, genetic 

variability, genome, genotype, homologous recombination, housekeeping gene, human, major clinical study, microbial 

diversity, mite, multilocus sequence typing, nonhuman, nucleotide sequence, Orientia tsutsugamushi, phylogeny, polymerase 

chain reaction, scrub typhus, sequence analysis, Thailand, Wolbachia, animal, bacterium identification, chemistry, DNA 

fingerprinting, DNA sequence, genetic polymorphism, genetic recombination, genetics, isolation and 

purification, methodology, microbiology; Animals, Bacterial Typing Techniques, DNA Fingerprinting, DNA, 

480


Bacterial, Humans, Mites, Orientia tsutsugamushi, Polymorphism, Genetic, Recombination, Genetic, Scrub Typhus, Sequence 

Analysis, DNA 

Abstract : Orientia tsutsugamushi is an intracellular a-proteobacterium which resides in trombiculid mites, and is the causative agent of 

scrub typhus in East Asia. The genome sequence of this species has revealed an unprecedented number of repeat 

sequences, most notably of the genes encoding the conjugative properties of a type IV secretion system (T4SS). Although this 

observation is consistent with frequent intragenomic recombination, the extent of homologous recombination (gene 

conversion) in this species is unknown. To address this question, and to provide a protocol for the epidemiological 

surveillance of this important pathogen, we have developed a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme based on 7 

housekeeping genes (gpsA, mdh, nrdB, nuoF, ppdK, sucD, sucB). We applied this scheme to the two published genomes, and 

to DNA extracted from blood taken from 84 Thai scrub typhus patients, from 20 cultured Thai patient isolates, 1 Australian 

patient sample, and from 3 cultured type strains. These data demonstrated that the O. tsutsugamushi population was both 

highly diverse [Simpson's index (95% CI) = 0.95 (0.92-0.98)], and highly recombinogenic. These results are surprising given the 

intracellular life-style of this species, but are broadly consistent with results obtained for Wolbachia, which is an 

aproteobacterial reproductive parasite of arthropods. We also compared the MLST data with ompA sequence data and noted 

low levels of consistency and much higher discrimination by MLST. Finally, twenty-five percent of patients in this study were 

simultaneously infected with multiple sequence types, suggesting multiple infection caused by either multiple mite bites, or 

multiple strains co-existing within individual mites. © 2010 Sonthayanon et al. 

No.1320 

Author (s) : Soodchomshom, B. 

Title : Magnetic gap effect on the tunneling conductance in a topological insulator ferromagnet/superconductor junction 

Source : Physics Letters, Section A: General, Atomic and Solid State Physics, 374 (34), pp. 3561-3566. 


Keywords : Andreev reflection; Ferromagnet/superconductor junction; Spintronics; Topological insulator 

Abstract : The tunneling conductance on the surface of a topological-insulator-based ferromagnet/superconductor (F/S) structure is 

studied where S is an s-wave superconductor with superconducting order parameter ∼Δ. The conductance is calculated 

based on the BTK formalism. The magnetization in F is applied along the z-direction (m→= 〈0, 0, M〉) in order to induce the 

energy-mass gaps (m) for the Dirac electrons in the F-region. In this work, the influence of energy gap due to the magnetic 

field in the F-region on the conductance is emphasized. The Fermi energy mismatch between F (EFF=EF) and S (EFS=EF+U), 

where the gate potential U is applied to the electrode on top of S, is also considered. As a result, a biased voltage V can 

cause the conductance switch at eV=∆, depending on the value of the magnetic field. The conductance is found to be 

linearly dependent on either m or U. The slope of the curve can also be adjusted. This linear behavior in a topologicalinsulator- 

based F/S structure may be valuable for electronic applications of the linear-control-current devices. The tunneling 

conductances of the quasi-Dirac-particle in a topological-insulator-based F/S junction are quite different from those of a 

graphene-based F/S junction. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

No.1321 

Author (s) : Soodchomshom, B. 

Title : Magneto transport on the surface of a topological insulator spin valve 

Source : Physics Letters, Section A: General, Atomic and Solid State Physics, 374 (28), pp. 2894-2899. 


Keywords : Dirac electron; Magnetoresistance; Spintronics; Topological insulator 

Abstract : The effects of the magnetization on the transport properties of a ferromagnet/barrier/ferromagnet spin valve fabricated with a 

topological insulator are studied. We consider two types of junctions, (i) an F1 / normal barrier (NB) / F2 junction and (ii) an F1 

/ magnetic barrier (FB) / F2 junction. The junctions in both cases lie in the xy-plane with the magnetizations in both 

ferromagnetic regions, F1 and F2 aligned in the z-direction. The charge carriers in the topological insulator have a Dirac like 

energy spectrum of a massive relativistic particle with the magnetization M playing the role of the mass. The gap opening is a 

special magneto feature of topological insulators. In an anti parallel alignment of the two magnetizations, the mass of the 

carriers is negative in the region where M is in the negative direction. The negative mass leads the behaviors of the magneto 

transport properties and the tunneling magneto resistance of these junctions to be quite different from those of graphenebased 

spin values. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

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No.1322 

Author (s) : Soodchomshom, B., Tang, I.-M., Hoonsawat, R. 

Title : Josephson current in a double ferromagnetic layer SG/F1/F2/SG graphene sandwich 

Source : Physica C: Superconductivity and its Applications, 470 (2), pp. 123-128. 


Keywords : Dirac particle; Double ferromagnetic barriers; Graphene; Josephson current; SG/F/F/SG structure 

Abstract : The Josephson current in a double ferromagnetic layer SG/F1/F2/SG graphene junction where the SG's are graphene-based swave 

superconductors and the F1,2 are ferromagnetic layers of thicknesses d1,2 in which the exchange energies are Eex1,2, is 

studied. The Josephson current in this junction is composed of Cooper pairs formed by quasi particles which are massless 

Weyl-Dirac electrons. By switching the alignment of the two exchange fields, we find that the Josephson current in the 

junction can change from being in the π-state to being in the 0-state. For the case where the magnitudes of the exchange 

field strength are the same, it is seen that the phase difference dependence of the critical Josephson current in a parallel 

aligned junction indicated a cross over from a 0-state to π-state whenever the ferromagnetic barrier strength χex is equal to 

(n/2 + 0.25)π (with n = 1, 2, ...). The AP-junction for F1 = F2 behaves as if it has no the magnetic barriers, like S/N/S junction. 

It is also seen that the temperature dependence of the (%) magneto-Josephson current ratio defined as the difference 

between the critical currents of the graphene-based P-junction and AP-junctions defined as, % PS ∼ (100 %) x (IPc - IAPc) / 

IPc, is found to be oscillated under varying the exchange energies. The maximum value of %PS, (max)PS → -∞ as T → TC. 

The cause of these effects is the relativistic nature of the quasi particles in the graphene-based junctions. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. 

All rights reserved. 

No.1323 


Title : Perfect switching of the spin polarization in a ferromagnetic gapless graphene/superconducting gapped graphene junction 

Source : Physica C: Superconductivity and its Applications, 470 (1), pp. 31-36. 


Keywords : Ferromagnet/superconductor junction; Gapped graphene; Massive Dirac electron; Specular Andreev reflection; Spin 

transport 

Abstract : With the fabrication of gapped graphene, interest in the tunneling spectroscopy in graphene-based FG/SG junctions in which 

one side consists of a gapless ferro-magnetic graphene (FG) and the other side, of a gapped superconducting graphene (SG) 

has arisen. The carriers in the gapless (gapped) graphene are 2D relativistic particles having an energy spectrum given by E = 

sqrt(ℏ2 vF2 k2 + (mvF2)2) (where mvF2 is the gap and vF is the Fermi velocity). The spin currents in this FG/SG junction are 

obtained within the framework of the extended Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk (BTK) formalism. The effects of the 

superconducting energy gap in SG, of the gap mvF2 which opened in the superconducting graphene, of the exchange field in 

FG, of the spin-dependent specular Andreev reflection, of the effective Fermi energy (EFF) of FG and of the bias voltage 

across the junction (V) are simulated. It is seen that by adjusting EFF or V, the spin polarization (defined as SP(%) = 100% × 

(G↑ - G↓)/(G↑ + G↓)) can be switched from a pure spin up (SP = +100%) state to pure spin down (SP = -100%) state. © 2009 

Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.1324 


Title : Theory of large tunneling magnetoresistance in a gapped graphene-based ferromagnetic superconductor F/(FS) junction 

Source : Physica C: Superconductivity and its Applications, 470 (7-8), pp. 415-420. 


Keywords : Ferromagnetic superconductor; Gapped graphene; Massive Dirac electron; Spintronics; Switching effect; Tunneling 

magnetoresistance 

Abstract : Coexistence of superconductivity and ferromagnetism in a gapped graphene-based system (FS) is theoretically investigated. 

The center-of-mass momentum, P, of a Cooper pair in FS is found to be P ∼ 2 Eex / fenced(ℏ vF sqrt(1 - (m / EFS)2)), where 

m, Eex, EFS are the rest mass energy of the Dirac electron, exchange energy and the Fermi energy in the superconductor FS, 

respectively. It is unlike the nature in a conventional FFLO state where P ∼ 2 Eex / ℏ vF. This work studies the magneto 

effect on the transport property of a F/(FS) junction where F is a ferromagnetic gapless graphene. In this work, FS is achieved 

by depositing a conventional ferromagnetic s-wave superconductor on the top of gapped graphene sheet. The Zeeman 

splitting in FS induces spin-dependent Andreev resonance. The conductances effected by both spin-dependent specular 

482


Andreev reflections and spin-dependent Andreev resonances are investigated. The interplay between the spin-dependent 

specular Andreev reflection in the F region and the spin-dependent Andreev resonance in the FS region causes a very large 

tunneling magnetoresistance |TMR| ∼ 3000% for m → EFS, possibly valuable in the graphene-based spintronic devices. This 

is because of the coexistence of the superconductivity and ferromagnetism in FS and the relativistic nature of electrons in 

graphene. © 2010. 

No.1325 

Author (s) : Sookrung, N., Chaicumpa, W. 

Title : A revisit to cockroach allergens 



Keywords : Airway hyperresposiveness (AHR); Airway remodeling; Allergic rhinitis; Ariginine kinase; Atopic asthma; Atopy; Blattella 

germanica; Cockroach; Cockroach allergen detection; Cockroach allergen quantification; Cockroach allergens; Cockroach 

allergy; Cockroach avoidance; FcεRI; FcεRII; Gprotein couple receptor; IgE; IL-17; IL-9; Per a 1; Periplaneta 

americana; Protease activated receptors (PARs); Proteases; Th17; Th2; Th25; Th9 

Abstract : Among cockroaches (CR) that live in people's homes, two species, i.e., German CR (Blattella germanica) and American CR 

(Periplaneta americana) predominate in temperate and tropical areas, respectively. CR is an important source of inhalant 

indoor allergens that sensitize atopic subjects to (localized) type I hypersensitivity or atopy including allergic rhinitis and 

atopic asthma. In Thailand the predominant CR species is P. americana. CR allergens are found throughout CR infested 

houses; the number found in kitchens correlates with the degree of CR infestation while sensitization and reactivation of the 

allergic morbidity are likely to occur in the living room and bedroom. Levels of the CR allergens in homes of CR allergic Thais, 

measured by using locally made quantification test kits, revealed that the highest levels occur in dust samples collected from 

the wooden houses of urban slums and in the cool and dry season. CR allergens are proteins that may be derived from any 

anatomical part of the insect at any developmental stage. The allergens may be also from CR secretions, excretions, body 

washes or frass. The proteins may be the insect structural proteins, enzymes or hormones. They may exist as 

dimers/multimers and/or in different isoforms. Exposure to CR allergens in infancy leads to allergic morbidity later in life. 

Clinical symptoms of CR allergy are usually more severe and prolonged than those caused by other indoor allergens. The 

mechanisms of acute and chronic airway inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) have been addressed including 

specific IgE- and non-IgEmediated mechanisms, i.e., role of proteaseactivated receptor-2 (PAR2). Participation of various 

allergen activated-CD4+ T cells of different sublineages, i.e., Th2, Th17, Th22, Th9, Th25, Tregs/Th3 as well as invariant NKT 

cells, in asthma pathogenesis have been mentioned. The diagnosis of CR allergy and the allergy intervention by CR 

population control are also discussed. 

No.1326 

Author (s) : Sooksriwong, C.O. 

Title : WHICH STRATEGY CAN CONTROL THE EXPENDITURE OF HIGH-PRICE DRUGS? 





No.1327 

Author (s) : Soongsongkiat, M., Puwastien, P., Jittinandana, S., Dee-Uam, A., Sungpuag, P. 

Title : Testing of folate conjugase from chicken pancreas vs. commercial enzyme and studying the effect of cooking on folate 

retention in Thai foods 

Source : Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, Volume 23, Issue 7, November 2010, Pages 681-688 


Keywords : Asparagus; Brown rice; Chicken pancreas; Effect of cooking; Egg; Folate; Folate conjugase; Folate retention; Food 

analysis; Food composition; Soybeans; Steamed-mackerel; Thai foods; Tri-enzyme treatment; Vitamin 

Abstract : Crude enzyme from chicken pancreas as a source of folate conjugase was prepared in a lyophilised form. Homogeneity, 

stability and activities were checked against a commercial enzyme. Subsequently, the prepared crude enzyme was used to 

investigate the process of folate extraction in various food matrices and study the effect of cooking on folate retention in 

483


several Thai foods. The lyophilised enzyme was homogeneous and contained 4 μg endogenous folate per g of prepared 

lyophilised crude enzyme. The stability of the lyophilised enzyme and the diluted enzyme, kept at 4 °C, was at least 12 

months and 3 days, respectively. The activity of the prepared lyophilised folate conjugase, used at the level of 20. mg/g 

sample, was evaluated by a microbiological assay of total folate in brown rice, egg, whole milk powder, soybeans and 

asparagus. It showed comparable results to that of the commercial enzyme. Single-enzyme treatment (folate conjugase 

alone) was sufficient for the determination of folate content in brown rice, soybeans and asparagus. However, for egg and 

whole milk powder, it was necessary to apply tri-enzyme treatment as this showed a significantly higher level (at P< 0.05) of 

total folate than that obtained using only single- or di-enzyme (protease. +. folate conjugase) treatments. Among the 

representative foods studied, the levels of total folate ranked in order of concentration, were soybeans > egg > asparagus > 

brown rice > steamed-mackerel (common form sold) (305, 117, 95, 41 and 24 μg/100. g wet weight basis, respectively). After 

cooking, the true retention of total folate in the cooked foods ranged from 60% in brown rice (cooked in an electric rice 

cooker) up to 82% in boiled asparagus. On a wet weight basis, the total folate content in boiled soybeans, boiled asparagus, 

boiled egg, fried mackerel and cooked brown rice was 100, 84, 72, 22 and 12 μg/100. g, respectively. One boiled egg (50. g) 

contributes 36 μg folate, which is equal to 18% of the Thai Recommended Daily Intake (RDI), and thus it can be considered 

as a good source of folate based on one serving size. A serving of boiled soybeans (70. g) or boiled asparagus (80. g) is an 

excellent source of folate, each contributing about 35% of the Thai RDI. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. 

No.1328 

Author (s) : Soonsawad, P., Xing, L., Milla, E., Espinoza, J.M., Kawano, M., Marko, M., Hsieh, C., Furukawa, H., Kawasaki, M., 

Weerachatyanukul, W., Srivastava, R., Barnett, S.W., Srivastava, I.K., Cheng, R.H. 

Title : Structural evidence of glycoprotein assembly in cellular membrane compartments prior to alphavirus budding 

Source : Journal of Virology, Volume 84, Issue 21, November 2010, Pages 11145-11151 


Keywords : glycoprotein E1, glycoprotein E2; animal cell, animal cell culture, antibody labeling, article, cell structure, cell 

vacuole, cytopathic vacuole type II, electron tomography, intracellular space, intracellular transport, nonhuman, priority 

journal, protein assembly, replicon, Semliki Forest alphavirus, virion, virus envelope, virus infection, virus isolation, virus 

replication; Alphavirus, Animals, Biological Transport, Cell Line, Cell Membrane, Cricetinae, Electron Microscope 

Tomography, Glycoproteins, Vacuoles, Viral Proteins, Virus Assembly, Virus Release; Alphavirus 

Abstract : Membrane glycoproteins of alphavirus play a critical role in the assembly and budding of progeny virions. However, 

knowledge regarding transport of viral glycoproteins to the plasma membrane is obscure. In this study, we investigated the 

role of cytopathic vacuole type II (CPV-II) through in situ electron tomography of alphavirus-infected cells. The results 

revealed that CPV-II contains viral glycoproteins arranged in helical tubular arrays resembling the basic organization of 

glycoprotein trimers on the envelope of the mature virions. The location of CPV-II adjacent to the site of viral budding 

suggests a model for the transport of structural components to the site of budding. Thus, the structural characteristics of CPV- 

II can be used in evaluating the design of a packaging cell line for replicon production. Copyright © 2010, American Society for 

Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 

No.1329 

Author (s) : Soontornchainaksaeng, P., Jenjittikul, T. 

Title : Chromosome number variation of phytoestrogen-producing Curcuma (Zingiberaceae) from Thailand 

Source : Journal of Natural Medicines, Volume 64, Issue 3, July 2010, Pages 370-377 


Keywords : Celata; Chromosome number; Clatifolia; Curcuma comosa; Phytoestrogen; Wan-chak-motluk 

Abstract : Wan-chak-motluk is a Thai local name for native species of Curcuma (Zingiberaceae) that produce phytoestrogen in their 

rhizomes. Wan-chak-motluk has long been used in Thai traditional medicine for treatment of illness in the uterus and ovarian 

hormone deficit, and therefore it is cultivated for economic purposes throughout Thailand. The rhizome morphology of wanchak-motluk 

is highly variable and this may be related to its medicinal properties. Thus, this study aimed to identify and 

classify wan-chak-motluk collected from cultivation sites in 16 provinces of Thailand. Chromosome numbers, together with 

inflorescent, floral, and leaf morphology, were used to separate wan-chak-motluk into five cultivars belonging to three 

species: C. comosa, C. elata, and C. latifolia. Curcuma comosa has short (2-5 cm) peduncle, glabrous lower leaf, and consists 

of two cultivars. One cultivar has a cylindrical spike 13-17 cm long and 5-8 cm wide, whereas the cylindrical spike of the 

other cultivar is shorter (10-15 cm) but larger (8-12 cm). The former cultivar has 2n = 42 and the latter has 2n = 63, seldom 

484


2n = 62 or 64. Both C. elata and C. latifolia have long (10-25 cm) peduncle and pubescent lower leaf. They differ in that C. 

latifolia has 2n = 63 and 84 with a red path along the midrib, whereas C. elata has 2n = 63 without a red path along the 

midrib. This study shows that chromosome numbers can be used to accurately verify the taxonomic identification of wanchak-motluk. 

© The Japanese Society of Pharmacognosy and Springer 2010. 

No.1330 

Author (s) : Soontrapa, P., Larbcharoensub, N., Luxameechanporn, T., Cheewaruangroj, W., Prakunhungsit, S., Sathapatayavong, B., 

Chongtrakool, P., Leopairut, J. 

Title : Fungal rhinosinusitis: A retrospective analysis of clinicopathologic features and treatment outcomes at Ramathibodi Hospital 



Keywords : Clinicopathologic findings; Fungal rhinosinusitis; Invasive; Non-invasive 

Abstract : The objective of this study was to determine the clinicopathologic findings of invasive and non-invasive fungal rhinosinusitis 

and to compare the features of the two diseases. The medical records of patients with invasive and noninvasive fungal 

rhinosinusitis at Ramathibodi Hospital between July 1999 and June 2009 were analyzed. The criterion for the diagnosis of 

fungal rhinosinusitis was the evidence of fungal elements from histopathologic section on sinonasal specimens. The age, 

gender, clinical manifestations, duration of symptoms, associated diseases, laboratory data, results of mycotic culture and 

treatment outcomes were analyzed. The relationship between fungal rhinosinusitis and patient characteristics as well as 

clinical presentations were assessed. The fungus-attributable mortality rate was determined. The study included 43 cases of 

invasive fungal rhinosinusitis and 68 cases of non-invasive fungal rhinosinusitis. There were 44 male, and 67 female patients. 

The mean age at diagnosis was 54.6 years (range: 5 to 86 years). A total of 70 (63.1%) were attributed to aspergillosis, 8 (7.2%) 

to candidiasis, 6 (5.4%) to zygomycosis, 4 (3.6%) to phaeohyphomycosis, 1 (0.9%) to pseudallescheriasis, 1 (0.9%) to 

entomophthoromycosis and 21 (18.9%) to nonspecific fungi. Cultures from sinonasal tissues were positive for fungus in 37 of 

87 cases (42.5%). The clinical presentations of fungal rhinosinusitis included nasal stuffiness (27.9%), nasal discharge (27.9%), 

facial pain (27.9%), fever (24.3%) and headache (19.8%). One-fifth of cases had an underlying hematologic malignancy. 

Invasive fungal rhinosinusitis was significantly associated with hematologic malignancy and neutropenia. Fungus-attributable 

mortality rate was 44.2% in invasive fungal rhinosinusitis. Early antifungal therapy and surgical drainage were associated with a 

survival advantage. 

No.1331 

Author (s) : Soowannayan, C., Cowley, J.A., Pearson, R.D., Wallis, T.P., Gorman, J.J., Michalski, W.P., Walker, P.J. 

Title : Glycosylation of gp116 and gp64 envelope proteins of yellow head virus of Penaeus monodon shrimp 

Source : Journal of General Virology, Volume 91, Issue 10, October 2010, Pages 2463-2473 


Keywords : glycan, glycopeptidase, glycoprotein, glycoprotein gp 116, glycoprotein gp 64, lectin, n acetylgalactosamine, n 

acetylglucosamine, oligosaccharide, trypsin, unclassified drug, virus envelope protein; 

article, Nidovirales, nonhuman, nucleotide sequence, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, priority journal, protein 

binding, protein glycosylation, protein structure, shrimp, yellow head virus; Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Electrophoresis, 

Polyacrylamide Gel, Glycosylation, Mass Spectrometry, Molecular Sequence Data, Penaeidae, Peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-betaglucosaminyl) 

Asparagine Amidase, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Roniviridae, Staining and Labeling, Viral Envelope 

Proteins; Decapoda (Crustacea), Nidovirales, Okavirus, Penaeus monodon, Roniviridae, Yellow head virus 

Abstract : Yellow head virus (YHV) is a highly virulent pathogen of Penaeus monodon shrimp that is classified in the genus Okavirus, 

family Roniviridae, in the order Nidovirales. Separation of virion proteins treated with peptide-N-glycosidase-F (PNGase-F) in 

SDS-polyacrylamide gels and the use of glycoprotein-specific staining methods indicated that the gp116 and gp64 envelope 

glycoproteins possess N-linked rather than O-linked glycans. Competitive binding inhibition of lectins with various 

oligosaccharide specificities indicated that glycans linked to gp64 are mannose-rich, whilst glycans linked to gp116 possess 

terminal N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylglucosamine in addition to terminal mannose-type sugars. Mass spectrometry 

analyses of peptides generated from YHV proteins before and after deglycosylation with PNGase-F, using combinations of the 

endoproteinases trypsin, Asp-N and Lys-C, confirmed occupancy of six of the seven potential N-linked glycosylation sites in 

gp116 and three of the four potential sites in gp64. © 2010 CSIRO. 

485


No.1332 

Author (s) : Sopalun, K., Thammasiri, K., Ishikawa, K. 

Title : Effects of chitosan as the growth stimulator for Grammatophyllum speciosum in vitro culture 

Source : Proceedings of World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, Volume 71, November 2010, Pages 449-451 


Keywords : Chitosan; Grammatophyllum speciosum; Growth stimulator 

Abstract : The effects of chitosan, a biodegradable polymer, were studied in Grammatophyllum speciosum protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) 

in vitro culture. The chitosan concentration of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 50 or 100 mg/l were supplemented in half-strength 

Murashige and Skoog (1/2 MS) liquid or on agar media containing 2% (w/v) sucrose. The results showed that liquid medium 

supplemented with 15 mg/l chitosan showed the highest relative growth rate (7-fold increase) of PLBs. On 1/2 MS agar 

medium supplemented with 25 mg/l chitosan gave the highest relative growth rate (4-fold increase). The relative growth rate 

of G. speciosum PLBs on agar medium was significantly lower than that in liquid medium. Moreover, chitosan, supplemented 

to agar medium promoted shoot formation but not rooting. However, supplementation at too high a level, such as 100 mg/l 

can inhibit growth and kill PLBs. 

No.1333 


Title : Micropropagation of the Thai orchid Grammatophyllum speciosum blume 

Source : Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, Volume 101, Issue 2, May 2010, Pages 143-150 


Keywords : Chitosan; Flow cytometry; Grammatophyllum speciosum; Micropropagation; Protocorm-like bodies 

Abstract : Protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) were induced from shoot tips of Grammatophyllum speciosum, a Thai orchid. The highest 

frequency of PLBs (93%) were observed on explants incubated on 1/2-Murashige and Skoog (MS) liquid medium containing 

2% (w/v) sucrose without any plant growth regulators (PGRs). Tests with different carbon sources compared to sucrose 

revealed that maltose promoted the highest relative growth of G. speciosum PLBs (7-fold increase), while trehalose and 

sucrose yielded 5-fold and 4-fold increases, respectively. In 1/2 MS liquid medium, addition of 15 mg/l of chitosan promoted 

a 7-fold increase in PLB growth while 25 mg/l promoted a 4-fold increase. However, the relative growth rate in solid culture 

was significantly lower than that in liquid culture. In addition, chitosan supplementation in solid medium promoted shoot 

formation but not rooting. Plantlet regeneration was induced using a combination of NAA and BA supplementation in 1/2 MS 

solid medium with optimum induction shoot and root formation at 2.0 mg/l NAA and 1.0 mg/l BA. Using this protocol, 

approximately 8 months was required to obtain a hundred plantlets from one shoot tip. The plantlets showed no changes in 

ploidy when tested by flow cytometry. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 

No.1334 


Title : Vitrification-based cryopreservation of Grammatophyllum speciosum protocorms 

Source : Cryo-Letters, Volume 31, Issue 4, July 2010, Pages 347-357 


Keywords : Cryopreservation; Droplet-vitrification; Encapsulation-dehydration; Encapsulation-vitrification; Orchid; Protocorms 

Abstract : Three vitrification-based methods for the cryopreservation of Grammatophyllum speciosum protocorms were invesigated: 

droplet-vitrification, encapsulation-dehydration and encapsulation-vitrification. Protocorms, 0.1 cm in diameter, developed 

from 2-month-old germinating seeds were used. For droplet-vitrification, protocorms were precultured on filter paper soaked 

in half strength Murashige and Skoog medium (1/2MS) containing 0.4 M sucrose at 25 ± 2°C for 2 d, followed by soaking in 

loading solution (2 M glycerol and 0.4 M sucrose in 1/2MS liquid medium) for 20 min and then dehydrated with PVS2 solution 

[30% (w/v) glycerol, 15% (w/v) ethylene glycol and 15% (w/v) dimethyl sulfoxide in 1/2MS liquid medium containing 0.4 M 

sucrose at pH 5.7] for 30 min. For encapsulation-dehydration, encapsulated protocorms were precultured in 1/2MS liquid 

medium containing 0.4 M sucrose on a shaker (110 rpm) at 25 ± 2°C for 2 d, followed by soaking in the same loading solution 

for 20 min and then exposed to a sterile air-flow at 2.5 inches/water column from the laminar air-flow cabinet for 8 h. For 

encapsulation- vitrification, encapsulated protocorms were precultured in 1/2MS liquid medium containing 0.4 M sucrose for 1 

or 2 d, followed by soaking in the same loading solution for 20 min and then dehydrated with PVS2 solution for 60 min. For 

all three methods, preculturing with 0.4 M sucrose for 2 d resulted in a significant induction of dehydration and freezing 

tolerance. The cryopreservation results showed highest protocorm regrowth after droplet-vitrification (38%), followed by 

486


encapsulation-dehydration (24%) and encapsulation-vitrification (14%). Plantlets developed from these three methods did 

not show any abnormal characteristics or ploidy level change when investigated by flow cytometry. © CryoLetters. 

No.1335 

Author (s) : Sornmayura, P., Siripornpitak, S., Leela-Udomlipi, S., Bunyaratvej, S. 

Title : Hepatocellular adenoma: A case report 



Keywords : Contraceptive pill; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Liver cell adenoma 

Abstract : A case of hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) was described in a 26-year-old woman, who was a potential kidney donor for her 

father and denied taking the oral contraceptive pill. A hypervascular mass of 4.1 cm in largest dimension was detected in the 

liver segment V by computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The normal levels of liver enzymes, 

negative serum markers for hepatitis viruses, and non-elevated alpha-fetoprotein level were detected. The wedge resection 

of segment V was done with an uneventful clinical course. In Western countries, HCAs are known to occur in women in their 

reproductive periods. It may not be associated with oral contraceptive. Molecular biological studies disclosed three variants 

of HCAs, i.e., I) with mutation of HNF 1-alpha gene, II) with mutation of beta-catenin gene, and III) no mutation of the two 

genes. Histological correlations with the three variants as recommended by the Bordeaux group in 2007 could not be 

accomplished in the present study due to overlapping histological features between the variants I and III. The etiological 

factors of HCA are known to relate to the contraceptive pill usage in female and the anabolic-androgenic-steroid 

administration in male. In Thailand, the occurrence of HCA is expected to be only 0.3% of cases with hepatocellular 

carcinoma. 

No.1336 

Author (s) : Sornmayura, P., Visessiri, Y., Rochanawutanon, M., Sirikulchayanonta, V., Aroonroch, R., Kanoksil, W., Larbcharoensub, N., 

Wongwaisayawan, S., Leopairut, J., Chalermsanyakorn, P., Worawichawong, S., Chanplakorn, N., Leelachaikul, P., Pongtippan, A. 

Title : Double check up of malignancy biopsy specimens for patient safety 



Keywords : Malignancy; Patient safety; Quality assurance; Quality improvement; Surgical pathology 

Abstract : Background: The diagnostic of malignancy in biopsy specimens is very important because it guides to selected treatment 

option and prognostic prediction. However, biopsy specimens usually have small pieces leading to variations of the 

interpretation by anatomical pathologists. Objective: To detect and correct the errors or the significant discrepancies in the 

diagnosis of biopsy specimens before signout and to determine the frequency of anatomic pathology significant discrepancies. 

Design: The application of the mutually agreed work instructions (record) for the detection of errors or the significant 

discrepancies and their process of sign-out. The record of biopsy specimen that received a secondary check (1,959 cases, 

2005-2007) was analyzed. Results: After a secondary check, 53 cases of non-malignancy for any reason by a second 

pathologist were included. However, when using our definition on significant discrepancies, only 37 cases were considered. 

Another seven cases with the opinions with malignancy that were of different cell types that do harm to the patients were 

added. Therefore, 44 cases (2.25%) had truly significant discrepancies. Conclusion: The truly significant discrepancy frequency 

was 2.25% during the process of pre-sign-out secondary check of malignancy of biopsy specimens. The project has been 

applied as a routine daily work. It can be an innovative safety program for patient in Thailand. 

No.1337 

Author (s) : Sotthibundhu, A., Phansuwan-Pujito, P., Govitrapong, P. 

Title : Melatonin increases proliferation of cultured neural stem cells obtained from adult mouse subventricular zone 

Source : Journal of Pineal Research, Volume 49, Issue 3, October 2010, Pages 291-300 


Keywords : adult stem cell; melatonin; MT1-melatonin receptor; neurogenesis; proliferation; subventricular zone (SVZ) 

Abstract : Melatonin, a circadian rhythm-promoting molecule secreted mainly by the pineal gland, has a variety of biological functions 

and neuroprotective effects including control of sleep-wake cycle, seasonal reproduction, and body temperature as well as 

preventing neuronal cell death induced by neurotoxic substances. Melatonin also modulates neural stem cell (NSC) function 

including proliferation and differentiation in embryonic brain tissue. However, the involvement of melatonin in adult 

487


neurogenesis is still not clear. Here, we report that precursor cells from adult mouse subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral 

ventricle, the main neurogenic area of the adult brain, express melatonin receptors. In addition, precursor cells derived from 

this area treated with melatonin exhibited increased proliferative activity. However, when cells were treated with luzindole, a 

competitive inhibitor of melatonin receptors, or pertussis toxin, an uncoupler of Gi from adenylate cyclase, melatonininduced 

proliferation was reduced. Under these conditions, melatonin induced the differentiation of precursor cells to 

neuronal cells without an upregulation of the number of glia cells. Because stem cell replacement is thought to play an 

important therapeutic role in neurodegenerative diseases, melatonin might be beneficial for stimulating endogenous neural 

stem cells. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. 

No.1338 

Author (s) : Sotthibundhu, A.; Phansuwan-Pujito, P.; Govitrapong, P. 

Title : STIMULATORY EFFECT OF MELATONIN ON NEURONAL PRECURSOR CELLS PROLIFERATION AND DIFFERENTIATION 





No.1339 

Author (s) : Souris, M., Gonzalez, J.-P., Shanmugasundaram, J., Corvest, V., Kittayapong, P. 

Title : Retrospective space-time analysis of H5N1 Avian Influenza emergence in Thailand 

Source : International Journal of Health Geographics, Volume 9, 27 January 2010, Article number 3 


Keywords : avian influenza, disease incidence, disease spread, disease transmission, environmental factor, farm, poultry, spatial 

distribution, statistical analysis, temporal distribution, virus; Thailand; Animalia, Aves; agriculture, animal, animal 

disease, article, avian influenza, bird disease, cluster analysis, communicable disease, disease transmission, epidemic, health 

survey, Influenza virus A H5N1, isolation and purification, methodology, Monte Carlo method, poultry, retrospective 

study, standard, Thailand, virology; Agriculture, Animals, Communicable Diseases, Emerging, Disease Outbreaks, Influenza A 

Virus, H5N1 Subtype, Influenza in Birds, Monte Carlo Method, Population Surveillance, Poultry, Poultry Diseases, Retrospective 

Studies, Space-Time Clustering, Thailand 

Abstract : Background: The highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus remains a worldwide threat to human and animal health, 

while the mechanisms explaining its epizootic emergence and re-emergence in poultry are largely unknown. Data from 

Thailand, a country that experienced significant epidemics in poultry and has recorded suspicious cases of HPAI on a daily 

basis since 2004, are used here to study the process of emergence. A spatial approach is employed to describe all HPAI H5N1 

virus epizootics from 2004 to 2008 and to characterize the pattern of emergence: multiple independent introductions of the 

virus followed by moderate local spread vs. very rare emergences followed by strong local spread and rare long range 

diffusion jumps. Sites where epizootics originate (by foreign introduction, local persistence, or long range jump) were selected 

from those to which the disease subsequently spreads using a filter based on relative date and position. The spatial 

distribution of these selected foci was statistically analyzed, and to differentiate environmental factors from long range 

diffusion, we investigate the relationship of these foci with environmental exposure factors and with rearing 

characteristics.Results: During each wave of epizootics, the temporal occurrence of cases did not show a temporal 

interruption of more than a week. All foci were globally clustered; i.e., more than 90% of cases had a previous case within a 

10 km range and a 21 day period of time, showing a strong local spread. We were able to estimate 60 km as the maximum 

distance for the local farm to farm dissemination process. The remaining "emergent" cases have occurred randomly over 

Thailand and did not show specific location, clusters, or trends. We found that these foci are not statistically related to 

specific environmental conditions or land cover characteristics, and most of them may be interpreted as long range diffusion 

jumps due to commercial practices.Conclusion: We conclude that only a few foci appear to have been at the origin of each 

HPAI epidemic wave, leading to the practical action that surveillance and control must focus on farm to farm transmission 

rather than on emergence or wild fauna. © 2010 Souris et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.1340 

Author (s) : Sowattanangoon, N.; Hiengkaew, V.; Vongsirinavarat, M.; Chompikul, J. 

Title : ROLE OF BUDDHIST PRACTICES ON EMOTIONAL DISTRESS IN STROKE SURVIVORS 

488


Source : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE, Volume: 17, Supplement: 1, Pages: 254-255, Published: AUG 2010 




No.1341 

Author (s) : Sreta, D., Tantawet, S., Na Ayudhya, S.N., Thontiravong, A., Wongphatcharachai, M., Lapkuntod, J., Bunpapong, N., Tuanudom, 

R., Suradhat, S., Vimolket, L., Poovorawan, Y., Thanawongnuwech, R., Amonsin, A., Kitikoon, P. 

Title : Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus on commercial swine farm, Thailand 

Source : Emerging Infectious Diseases, Volume 16, Issue 10, October 2010, Pages 1587-1590 


Keywords : virus hemagglutinin; article, controlled study, epidemic, gene sequence, genetic analysis, Influenza virus A H1N1, mixed 

infection, nonhuman, nose smear, nucleotide sequence, pandemic influenza, phylogeny, reverse transcription polymerase 

chain reaction, seasonal influenza, swine influenza, Thailand, virus isolation, virus transmission; Animal 

Husbandry, Animals, Disease Outbreaks, Humans, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Influenza, Human, Orthomyxoviridae 

Infections, Pandemics, Seasons, Swine, Swine Diseases, Thailand 

Abstract : A swine influenza outbreak occurred on a commercial pig farm in Thailand. Outbreak investigation indicated that pigs were 

co-infected with pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus and seasonal influenza (H1N1) viruses. No evidence of gene reassortment or pigto-human 

transmission of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus was found during the outbreak. 

No.1342 

Author (s) : Sri-Aroon, P., Chusongsang, P., Chusongsang, Y., Surinthwong, P., Butraporn, P., Lohachit, C. 

Title : Snails and trematode infection after indian ocean tsunami in Phang-Nga Province, southern Thailand 



Keywords : Snails; Trematode infection; Tsunami 

Abstract : The tsunami and non-tsunami affected areas of Takua Pa District, Phang-Nga Province were investigated for fresh-and brackishwater 

snails that transmit human parasitic diseases during 2006 and 2007. Among 46 snail species found, 17 species of 8 

families were freshwater snails, 28 species of another 7 families were brackish-water snails, and 1 species was a land snail. Of 

these species, 11 freshwater snails, 4 brackish-water snails and 1 land snail were of medical importance. The fresh-water 

snails were Pomacea canaliculata, Pila angelica, P. gracilis, P. polita, Filopaludina (S.) martensi, F. (F.) s. polygramtna, 

Melatwides tuberculata, Indoplanorbis exuxtus, Radix rubiginosa, Helicorbis umbilicalis, Gyraulus convexiusculus. Four 

brackish-water snails were Cerithidea cingulata, C. djadjarensis, C. alata, Sermyla riqueti and Achatina fulica was the land snail. 

I. exutus, M. tuberculata and F. (F.) s. polygramtna harbored Xiphidio, Microcercus, Furocercus, Echinostome cercariae, and 

cercaria without eyespots or tail with hair. Three species of brackish-water snails, Cerithidia cingulata, C. djadjariensis, and C. 

alata presented with 6 types of trematode cercariae and rediae. Knowledge of medically important snails and their parasitic 

diseases, and prevention were given to Takua Pa people by poster, pamphlets and broadcasting through community radio. 

No.1343 

Author (s) : Sribhen, K., Piyophirapong, S., Wannasilp, N. 

Title : Cardiac troponin T concentrations in healthy adolescents 

Source : Clinica Chimica Acta, Volume 411, Issue 19-20, October 2010, Pages 1542-1543 


Keywords : troponin T; adolescent, blood analysis, blood smear, chemoluminescence, controlled 

study, female, human, immunoassay, letter, male, medical student, normal value, priority journal, protein analysis, protein 

blood level, sensitivity and specificity, sex difference; Adolescent, Female, Humans, Immunoassay, Male, Sex 

Factors, Troponin T, Young Adult 


No.1344 

Author (s) : Srichaisiriwech, W., Wisitsoaat, A., Phokharatkul, D., Karuwan, C., Tuantranont, A., Kerdcharoen, T. 

Title : Electronic tongue based on modified carbon nanotube electrochemical sensor array 

489





Keywords : Current sensitivity, Electronic tongue, Functionalized, High sensitivity, Modified carbon, Oxygen plasmas, Sample pretreatment; 

Beverages, Carbon nanotubes, Chronoamperometry, Electrochemical oxidation, Electrochemical sensors, Information 

technology, Oxygen, Principal component analysis, Sensor arrays; Electronic tongues 

Abstract : In this work, carbon nanotube based electrochemical sensor array was developed as electronic tongue for beer discrimination 

without sample pretreatment using chronoamperometry. To form the sensor array, carbon nanotubes were modified by 

oxygen plasma and electrochemical oxidation using NaOH and KClO3 to yield electrochemical sensors with distinct 

characteristics. The current sensitivities from differently functionalized CNTs were analyzed by principal component analysis. 

Four different brands of beer, including Chang Classic, Heineken, Leo and Cheers, have been successfully distinguished by the 

developed electronic tongue system with high sensitivity. 

No.1345 

Author (s) : Srifeungfung, S., Tribuddharat, C., Comerungsee, S., Chatsuwan, T., Treerauthanaweeraphong, V., Rungnobhakhun, P., 

Nunthapisud, P., Chokephaibulkit, K. 

Title : Serotype coverage of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and drug susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from 

invasive or non-invasive diseases in central Thailand, 2006-2009 

Source : Vaccine, Volume 28, Issue 19, 26 April 2010, Pages 3440-3444 


Keywords : Drug susceptibility; Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; Serotypes; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Thailand 

Abstract : The serotype of 172 S. pneumoniae isolates obtained from normally sterile sites from January 2006 to February 2009 in Thai 

patients was evaluated. The most common serotypes were 6B, 23F, 14, 19F, and 19A in patients 65-year old. Seven-valent pneumococcal conjugated vaccine (PCV-7) covered 70.3%, 43.6%, and 43.5% 

of patients



Keywords : bacterial antigen; bacterial meningitis, cerebrospinal fluid, human, immunology, isolation and purification, latex agglutination 

test, methodology, microbiology, polymerase chain reaction, review; Antigens, Bacterial, Cerebrospinal Fluid, Humans, Latex 

Fixation Tests, Meningitis, Bacterial, Polymerase Chain Reaction 

Abstract : Rapid detection of bacterial pathogen causing meningitis is very important to guide antimicrobial therapy before the standard 

culture result is available. Other than gram stain, one of the most useful rapid methods is the detection of bacterial antigen 

in cerebrospinal fluid. This article reviewed the methods of bacterial antigen detection for diagnosis of meningitis as well as a 

microbiology aspect of this life-threatening disease. 

No.1348 

Author (s) : Srifuengfung, S., Chokephaibulkit, K., Tribuddharat, C., Comerungsee, S. 

Title : A description of antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae-Siriraj Hospital, Thailand: 2008. 

Source : Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet, Volume 93 Suppl 5, November 2010, Pages S27-34 


Keywords : antiinfective agent; adolescent, adult, age distribution, aged, article, child, disk diffusion, drug 

effect, female, human, infant, isolation and purification, male, microbiology, middle aged, multidrug resistance, pneumococcal 

infection, preschool child, sentinel surveillance, sex ratio, statistics, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Thailand, university hospital; 

Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anti-Infective Agents, Child, Child, Preschool, Disk Diffusion 

Antimicrobial Tests, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Female, Hospitals, University, Humans, Infant, Male, Middle 

Aged, Pneumococcal Infections, Sentinel Surveillance, Sex Distribution, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Thailand, Young Adult 

Abstract : Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated from 170 patient specimens at Siriraj Hospital during January-December 2008. 

Patients were 66% male and ranged in age from 3 months to 94 years (mean +/- SD = 38.2 +/- 31.7). The largest proportion 

(29.4%) of isolates were from patients older than 60 years, followed by patients aged 2-5 years (20%) and from patients less 

than 2 years (12.4%). Monthly isolation was highest in December (22 isolates in December compared to the average of 13 

isolates of the other months). Antimicrobial susceptibility for eight drugs was determined by the disk diffusion method. 

Overall, susceptibility was generally high to chloramphenicol (71.8%), linezolid (100%), ofloxacin (93.5%) and vancomycin 

(100%), but less susceptible to erythromycin (35.3%), penicillin (31.1%), tetracycline (28.8%) and trimethoprim/ 

sulfamethoxazole (24.1%). Among the 105 (62%) isolates resistant to three or more drugs, the most common resistance 

pattern was erythromycin-penicillin-tetracycline-trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, accounting for 39% of such isolates, 

followed by chloramphenicol-erythromycin-penicillin-tetracycline- trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (29.5%). The minimal 

inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of penicillin and cefotaxime were determined by broth microdilution. By 2008 CLSI criteria, 

92% and 90% of 51 sterile site isolates were penicillin and cefotaxime susceptible, including one of two meningitis cases. In 

contrast, of 26 non-sterile site isolates, only 26.9% and 76.9% were susceptible to penicillin and cefotaxime, respectively. The 

MICs of penicillin were higher for isolates from non-sterile sites than for those from sterile sites. 

No.1349 

Author (s) : Srifuengfung, S., Tribuddharat, C., Chokephaibulkit, K., Comerungsee, S. 

Title : Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae from a university hospital, Thailand. 



Keywords : antiinfective agent, DNA topoisomerase (ATP hydrolysing), DNA topoisomerase IV, quinolone derivative; adult, aged, amino 

acid sequence, antibiotic resistance, article, disk diffusion, DNA sequence, drug effect, female, genetics, human, isolation and 

purification, male, middle aged, molecular genetics, mutation, polymerase chain reaction, serotyping, Streptococcus 

pneumoniae, Thailand, university hospital; Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Amino Acid Sequence, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Disk 

Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests, DNA Gyrase, DNA Topoisomerase IV, Drug Resistance, 

Microbial, Female, Fluoroquinolones, Hospitals, University, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Molecular Sequence 

Data, Mutation, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Serotyping, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Thailand 

Abstract : The most frequent markers of fluoroquinolone resistance in S. pneumoniae are chromosomal mutations in the quinoloneresistance-determining 

regions of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV encoding for the gyrA, gyrB and parC, parE genes. In 2008, 

6.5% of the Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in a Bangkok university hospital were resistant to ofloxacin. Using PCR and 

DNA sequencing, we identified mutations in both the gyrA and parC genes of four ofloxacin- and ciprofloxacin-resistant S. 

pneumoniae isolates (minimum inhibitory concentrations > 32 microg/ml). Mutations were found in the gyrA gene at positions 

491


Ser81Phe, Glu85Gly, Glu85Lys and in the parC gene at position Ser79Tyr. Three isolates had mutations in both genes. Two of 

the isolates were serotype 6B and two were serotypes not contained in currently licensed pneumococcal vaccines. This is the 

first report of the mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance in S. pneumoniae in Thailand. 

No.1350 

Author (s) : Srikuea, R., Pholpramool, C., Kitiyanant, Y., Yimlamai, T. 

Title : Satellite cell activity in muscle regeneration after contusion in rats 

Source : Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, Volume 37, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 1078-1086 


Keywords : Muscle contusion; Muscle regeneration; MyoD; Myogenin; Myostatin; Satellite cells 

Abstract : 1. The role of satellite cells in muscle growth during development is well documented, but the involvement of these cells in 

muscle repair after contusion is less well known. In the present study, we investigated the time-course of satellite cell activity 

(from 3 h to 7 days) after contusion of rat gastrocnemius muscle using specific molecular markers for immunofluorescence 

and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). 2. Inflammation of the injured muscle occurred within 6 h, followed by 

disintegration of the damaged myofibres within 12 h. Newly formed myofibres appeared by Day 7. 3. The number of MyoDpositive 

nuclei (activated satellite cells) in the injured muscle was significantly increased by 6 h, reaching a maximum by 12 h 

after contusion. However, the number of MyoD-positive nuclei decreased towards control levels by Day 7. Changes in the 

number of bromodeoxyuridine-labelled nuclei (proliferating satellite cells) paralleled the changes seen in the number of 

MyoD-positive nuclei. Conversely, expression of myogenin protein was not apparent until Day 3 and increased further by Day 

7. Colabelling of MyoD and myogenin was seen in only a few cells. 4. The time-course of MyoD mRNA expression 

corresponded with MyoD protein expression. However, there were two peaks in myogenin mRNA expression: 6 h and Day 7 

after contusion. The second peak coincided with upregulation of myostatin mRNA levels. 5. The results of the present study 

suggest that contusion activates a homogeneous population of satellite cells to proliferate within 3 days, followed by 

differentiation to form new myofibres. The latter may be regulated, in part, by myostatin. © 2010 The Authors. Clinical and 

Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd. 

No.1351 

Author (s) : Srinualnad, S. 

Title : Passing a learning curve after 200 cases of robotic assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: experience from a single 

surgeon 





No.1352 

Author (s) : Srinualnad, S. 

Title : The functional and oncological outcomes of 242 cases of extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy 





No.1353 

Author (s) : Sriphrapradang, C.; Chailurkit, L.; Vanavanan, S.; Jongjaroenprasert, W. 

Title : Study of the Frequency of Thyroid Autoantibodies in Thai Patients with Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases. 

Source : ENDOCRINE REVIEWS, Volume: 31, Issue: 3, Supplement: 1, Published: JUN 2010 




492


No.1354 

Author (s) : Srirattana, K., Lorthongpanich, C., Laowtammathron, C., Imsoonthornruksa, S., Ketudat-Cairns, M., Phermthai, T., Nagai, T., 

Parnpai, R. 

Title : Effect of donor cell types on developmental potential of cattle (Bos taurus) and swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) cloned 

embryos 

Source : Journal of Reproduction and Development, Volume 56, Issue 1, February 2010, Pages 49-54 


Keywords : Cattle; Differential staining; Embryo development; Nuclear transfer; Swamp buffalo 

Abstract : This study investigated the effect of donor cell types on the developmental potential and quality of cloned swamp buffalo 

embryos in comparison with cloned cattle embryos. Fetal fibroblasts (FFs), ear fibroblasts (EFs), granulosa cells (GCs) and 

cumulus cells (CCs) were used as the donor cells in both buffalo and cattle. The cloned cattle or buffalo embryos were 

produced by fusion of the individual donor cells with enucleated cattle or buffalo oocytes, respectively. The reconstructed 

(cloned) embryos and in vitro matured oocytes without enucleation were parthenogenetically activated (PA) and cultured for 

7 days. Their developmental ability to the blastocyst stage was evaluated. The total number of trophectoderm (TE) and inner 

cell mass (ICM) cells and the ICM ratio in each blastocyst was determined by differential staining as an indicator of embryo 

quality. The fusion rate of CCs with enucleated oocytes was significantly lower than for those of other donor cell types both 

in cattle and buffalo. The rates of cleavage and development to the 8-cell, morula and blastocyst stages of cloned embryos 

derived from all donor cell types did not significantly differ within the same species. However, the cleavage rate of cloned 

cattle embryos derived from FFs was significantly higher than those of cattle PA and cloned buffalo embryos. The blastocyst 

rates of cloned cattle embryos, except for the ones derived from CCs, were significantly higher than those of cloned buffalo 

embryos. In buffalo, only cloned embryos derived from CCs showed a significantly higher blastocyst rate than that of PA 

embryos. In contrast, all the cloned cattle embryos showed significantly higher blastocyst rates than that of PA embryos. 

There was no difference in ICM ratio among any of the blastocysts derived from any of the donor cell types and PA embryos 

in both species. FFs, EFs, GCs and CCs had similar potentials to support development of cloned cattle and buffalo embryos 

to the blastocyst stage with the same quality. © 2010 by the Society for Reproduction and Development. 

No.1355 

Author (s) : Srisawasdi, P., Vanavanan, S., Charoenpanichkit, C., Kroll, M. 

Title : The authors' reply 

Source : American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 134, Issue 3, September 2010, Page 517 


Keywords : amino terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide, brain natriuretic peptide; glomerulus filtration rate, hemodialysis, human, kidney 

failure, kidney function, letter, priority journal 


No.1356 

Author (s) : Srisawasdi, P., Vanavanan, S., Charoenpanichkit, C., Kroll, M.H. 

Title : The effect of renal dysfunction on BNP, NT-proBNP, and their ratio 

Source : American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 133, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 14-23 


Keywords : B-natriuretic peptide; BNP; Estimated glomerular filtration rate; Heart disease; Left ventricular ejection fraction; N-terminal 

proBNP; Natriuretic peptide; New York Heart Association class; NT-proBNP; NT-proBNP/BNP ratio; Renal dysfunction 

Abstract : We examined the effect of renal dysfunction on B-natriuretic peptide (BNP), N-terminal (NT)-proBNP, and their molar ratio at 

varying severities of cardiac function in 94 Thai patients with chest pain (52 men; 32 women), also measuring creatinine and 

left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Renal function was classified into 5 stages by estimated glomerular filtration rate. The 

molar NT-proBNP/BNP ratio was calculated. Cardiac status was classified by LVEF (normal, >50%; moderate, 35%-50%; 

severe, <35%). BNP, NT-proBNP, and their ratio corresponded to renal disease stage exponential (0.51, 1.05, and 0.54, 

respectively; correlation coefficients, ≥0.95). BNP and the ratio are affected less than NT-proBNP by renal dysfunction, starting 

in stage III; NT-proBNP expresses effects starting in stage II. NT-proBNP is more sensitive than BNP to renal disease stage. For 

log of geometric means vs stage of renal disease, the BNP slopes and correlation coefficients vary considerably (slopes, 0.036- 

0.531; r2, 0.017-0.99). The NT-proBNP slopes and regression coefficients vary considerably (slopes, 0.18-0.71; r2, 0.33-0.99). For 

the ratio, the slopes show low variation (0.148-0.337), r2 greater than 0.96, women differing from men (P = .012). The effect of 

493


renal disease differs by gender. BNP and NT-proBNP increase by stage III for women but not for men. One must consider renal 

function, gender, and LVEF when using BNP or NT-proBNP as cardiac biomarkers. The ratio of the 2 peptides is the most 

consistent marker across LVEFs. © American Society for Clinical Pathology. 

No.1357 

Author (s) : Srisawasdi, P.; Chaichanajarernkul, U.; Teerakanjana, N.; Vanavanan, S.; Kroll, M.H. 

Title : Exogenous Interferences with Jaffe Creatinine Assays: Addition of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate to Reagent Eliminates Bilirubin and 

Total Protein Interference with Jaffe Methods 

Source : JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS, Volume: 24, Issue: 3, Pages: 123-133, DOI: 10.1002/jcla.20350, Published: 2010 


Keywords : kinetic Jaffe method; enzymatic method; analytical performance; Commercial; glomerular filtration rate 

Abstract : Background: The study evaluated the impact of interferences on the analytical specificity of three commercial and commonly 

used creatinine methods (two Jaffe and one enzymatic). Methods: Manufacturer creatinine methods plus modified methods 

were tested with the following interferences: spiking serum with bilirubin, albumin, glucose, hemoglobin and lipid, and patient 

sera with maximum concentrations of bilirubin, 1,090 mu mol/l and protein, 117.8 g/l. Results: Hemoglobin, 7.5 g/l and 

lipaemic with triglyceride concentration of 6.27 mmol/l, did not interfere with all assays. Glucose >33.3 mmol/l increased 

creatinine recovery for Dimension method. Samples spiked with bilirubin imparted a negative bias for Dimension and Architect 

methods but imparted a positive bias for Vitros assay. However, using patient sera, negative bias with bilirubin was found for 

all methods, from which Architect method gave the highest effect (R(2) = 0.861), followed by Vitros (R(2) = 0.239) and 

Dimension (R(2) = 0.163). Protein provided the positive bias for all creatinine measurements that increased with increasing 

concentration (R2 ranging from 0.104 to 0.182, P


preferred sequences in one strand of the DNA, assuming the aptamer invaded the duplex. The aptamer binding sites on the 

LTR were experimentally determined to be located preferentially at these sites near the termini of double-stranded target 

DNA, despite selection schemes that were designed to minimize preferences for termini. The results presented here show 

that aptamer RNAs can be selected in vitro that strand-invade at preferred DNA duplex sequences to form stable complexes. 

© 2010 The Author(s). 

No.1360 

Author (s) : Srisawat, R., Komalamisra, N., Eshita, Y., Zheng, M., Ono, K., Itoh, T.Q., Matsumoto, A., Petmitr, S., Rongsriyam, Y. 

Title : Point mutations in domain II of the voltage-gated sodium channel gene in deltamethrin-resistant aedes aegypti (diptera: 

culicidae) 

Source : Applied Entomology and Zoology, Volume 45, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 275-282 


Keywords : Aedes aegypti; Deltamethrin; Knockdown resistance; Point mutation; Voltage-gated sodium channel 

Abstract : The continuous usage of pyrethroids against insects has provoked the emergence of insecticide resistance that has become a 

major obstacle to disease vector control. The knockdown resistance (kdr) voltage-gated sodium channel gene is regarded as a 

key to understanding the mechanism of resistance to pyrethroids. The main purpose of this study is to identify point 

mutations in the sodium channel gene associated with deltamethrin resistance in Aedes aegypti. Two mutations in the IIS6 

domain of the channel, S989P and V1016G, were identified as possible candidates responsible for the emergence of 

deltamethrin resistance in Ae. aegypti Khu Bua strain. As S989P and V1016G mutations are located within the IIS5-S6 loop and 

IIS6 near the ion filter and binding site, these mutations might enhance pyrethroid resistance. Allelic variation in the sodium 

channel gene is thought to be one of the principal molecular mechanisms regulating pyrethroid resistance in mosquitoes. 

No.1361 

Author (s) : Srisomsap, C.; Sawangareetrakul, P.; Subhasitanont, P.; Chokchaichamnankit, D.; Chiablaem, K.; Bhudhisawasdi, V.; Wongkham, 

S.; Svasti, J. 

Title : Proteomic Studies of Cholangiocarcinoma and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Secretomes 

Source : JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, Article Number: 437143, DOI: 10.1155/2010/437143, Published: 2010 


Keywords : CANCER-CELLS; CATHEPSIN-D; NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA; PROTEIN; EXPRESSION; LINES; ANGIOGENESIS; GELATINASE; 

APOPTOSIS; ANNEXINS 

Abstract : Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occur with relatively high incidence in Thailand. The 

secretome, proteins secreted from cancer cells, are potentially useful as biomarkers of the diseases. Proteomic analysis was 

performed on the secreted proteins of cholangiocarcinoma (HuCCA-1) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC-S102, HepG2, SK- 

Hep-1, and Alexander) cell lines. The secretomes of the five cancer cell lines were analyzed by SDS-PAGE combined with 

LC/MS/MS. Sixty-eight proteins were found to be expressed only in HuCCA-1. Examples include neutrophil gelatinaseassociated 

lipocalin (lipocalin 2), laminin 5 beta 3, cathepsin D precursor, desmoplakin, annexin IV variant, and annexin A5. 

Immunoblotting was used to confirm the presence of lipocalin 2 in conditioned media and cell lysate of 5 cell lines. The 

results showed that lipocalin 2 was a secreted protein which is expressed only in the conditioned media of the 

cholangiocarcinoma cell line. Study of lipocalin 2 expression in different types of cancer and normal tissues from 

cholangiocarcinoma patients showed that lipocalin 2 was expressed only in the cancer tissues. We suggest that lipocalin 2 

may be a potential biomarker for cholangiocarcinoma. 

No.1362 

Author (s) : Srisont, S., Chirachariyavej, T., Peonim, A.V.M.V. 

Title : Application of the multiple drugs immunoassay test for rapid detection of drug abuse in postmortem urine 



Keywords : Barbiturates; Benzodiazepines; Cocaine; Drugs of abuse; Immunoassay test; MDMA; Medico legal 

autopsy; Methamphetamine; Opiates; Postmortem urine; REMEDI 

Abstract : Objective: The ADVANCED QUALITY One Step Multi-Drug Screen test is a new urine on-site immunoassay test that is 

designed to detect multiple drugs of abuse in one time (barbiturates, benzodiazepines, cocaine, 

methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), methamphetamine, and opiates group). Thus, the present research was done to 

495


evaluate the diagnostic performance of this test. Material and Method: Urine samples obtained from corpses subjected to 

medicolegal autopsy at the forensic unit in Ramathibodi Hospital between October 2007 and March 2009 were used for the 

present study. The diagnostic performance of this immunoassay test was determined by using the results of the rapid 

emergency drug identification high sensitivity (REMEDi HS) system as the gold standard. Results: Two hundred forty six urine 

samples were used in the present study. The sensitivity with their 95% confidence interval of cocaine, opiates, 

methamphetamine, and benzodiazepines assay was 100% (100-100%) each. The specificity with their 95% confidence interval 

of these was 100% (100-100%), 98% (96.75-99.94%), 95% (91.70-97.38%), and 93% (89.89-96.24%), respectively. The MDMA 

and barbiturates were not evaluated because there was no true positive result. Conclusion: The ADVANCED QUALITY One 

Step Multi-Drug Screen test is reliable for drugs of abuse screening in postmortem urine. 

No.1363 

Author (s) : Srisuma, S., Bhattacharya, S., Simon, D.M., Solleti, S.K., Tyagi, S., Starcher, B., Mariani, T.J. 

Title : Fibroblast growth factor receptors control epithelial-mesenchymal interactions necessary for alveolar elastogenesis 

Source : American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Volume 181, Issue 8, 15 April 2010, Pages 838-850 


Keywords : Alveogenesis; Fibroblast growth factor receptor; Insulin-like growth factor-1; Lung development; Microarray 

Abstract : Rationale: The mechanisms contributing to alveolar formation are poorly understood. A better understanding of these 

processes will improve efforts to ameliorate lung disease of the newborn and promote alveolar repair in the adult. Previous 

studies have identified impaired alveogenesis in mice bearing compound mutations of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptors 

(FGFRs) 3 and 4, indicating that these receptors cooperatively promote postnatal alveolar formation. Objectives: To determine 

the molecular and cellular mechanisms of FGF-mediated alveolar formation. Methods: Compound FGFR3/FGFR4-deficient 

mice were assessed for temporal changes in lung growth, airspace morphometry, and genome-wide expression. Observed 

gene expression changes were validated using quantitative real-time RT-PCR, tissue biochemistry, histochemistry, and ELISA. 

Autocrine and paracrine regulatory mechanisms were investigated using isolated lung mesenchymal cells and type II 

pneumocytes. Measurements and Main Results: Quantitative analysis of airspace ontogeny confirmed a failure of secondary 

crest elongation in compound mutant mice. Genome-wide expression profiling identified molecular alterations in these mice 

involving aberrant expression of numerous extracellular matrix molecules. Biochemical and histochemical analysis confirmed 

changes in elastic fiber gene expression resulted in temporal increases in elastin deposition with the loss of typical spatial 

restriction. No abnormalities in elastic fiber gene expression were observed in isolated mesenchymal cells, indicating that 

abnormal elastogenesis in compound mutant mice is not cell autonomous. Increased expression of paracrine factors, 

including insulin-like growth factor21, in freshly-isolated type II pneumocytes indicated that these cells contribute to the 

observed pathology. Conclusions: Epithelial/mesenchymal signaling mechanisms appear to contribute to FGFR-dependent 

alveolar elastogenesis and proper airspace formation. 

No.1364 

Author (s) : Srisuphanunt, M., Karanis, P., Charoenca, N., Boonkhao, N., Ongerth, J.E. 

Title : Cryptosporidium and Giardia detection in environmental waters of southwest coastal areas of Thailand 

Source : Parasitology Research, Volume 106, Issue 6, May 2010, Pages 1299-1306 


Keywords : drinking water, lake water, river water, sea water, tap water; article, coastal waters, controlled 

study, Cryptosporidium, Giardia, immunofluorescence test, nonhuman, oocyst, parasite identification, priority journal, public 

health, Thailand, turbidity, water analysis, water contamination, water quality, water sampling, water supply; 

Cryptosporidium, Giardia, Humans, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Microscopy, Interference, Seawater, Thailand; 

Cryptosporidium, Giardia, Protozoa 

Abstract : The aim of this study was to investigate water samples collected in coastal areas of Southern Thailand in the years of 2005 

and 2008 for their contamination by the protozoan parasites Cryptosporidium and Giardia. One hundred eighteen water 

samples of different origin were collected from six Tsunami affected southern provinces of Thailand in early 2005, and they 

have been analyzed using standardized methodology. Fifteen out of 118 samples (12.7%) were positive for Cryptosporidium 

spp. and nine (7.6%) positive for Giardia spp. Additional 42 samples from two same areas were examined 3 years later, in the 

early 2008. Five out of 42 (11.9%) samples were positive for Cryptosporidium spp., and three out of 42 (7.1%) were positive 

for Giardia spp.. Both protozoans were found in reservoir, river/canal, and pond waters. It appears no significant differences 

(p


the investigated areas and samples in the second period was significantly less than in the first period. This is the first 

description on Cryptosporidium and Giardia (oo)cysts in water sources of Thailand, and it suggests the need for water quality 

control in the interest of public health safety. © 2010 Springer-Verlag. 

No.1365 

Author (s) : Srisuwatanasagul, S., Manee-In, S., Kunkitti, P., Srisuwatanasagul, K. 

Title : Localization of oestrogen receptors alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ) within various buffalo ovarian cell types 

Source : Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Volume 40, Issue 1, March 2010, Page 106 


Keywords : Buffalo; ERα; ERβ; Ovary 


No.1366 

Author (s) : Sritunyalucksana, K., Srisala, J., Wangnai, W., Flegel, T.W. 

Title : Yellow head virus (YHV) transmission risk from commodity shrimp is reduced to negligible levels by normal processing 

Source : Aquaculture, Volume 300, Issue 1-4, 27 February 2010, Pages 32-36 


Keywords : Commodity shrimp; Infectivity; Processing; Shrimp; Transmission; Yellow head virus 

Abstract : The aim of this study was to examine whether shrimp yellow head virus (YHV) from processed shrimp tissue infected at the 

pre-patent disease level could be transmitted to naïve shrimp in a laboratory setting. In a preliminary test, 120 YHV-free 

shrimp were injected intramuscularly with a virulent YHV stock to yield 5 × 105 (pre-patent disease level) and 2500 (carrier 

level) viral copies/g shrimp tissue (60 shrimp each dose). These are possible infection levels for grossly normal shrimp from 

normal harvest ponds (i.e., not shrimp from disease outbreak ponds). These yielded 1-step and 2-step positive (nested) RT- 

PCR reactions, respectively, in pleopods at 6 h post-injection of the viral stock. After being subjected to standard industrial 

processing conditions, only fresh frozen whole or peeled shrimp injected with pre-patent dose gave positive RT-PCR test 

results for YHV. None of the naïve shrimp exposed to the chopped processed products for 24 h and then reared on a 

standard diet for 14 days showed any significant mortality or gave any positive test results for YHV using nested RT-PCR 

assays. Based on these preliminary test results, a large-scale test was carried out using only the high, pre-patent injection 

dose with 1000 fresh frozen whole shrimp. The negative control consisted of 1000 buffer-injected shrimp. A random sample 

of 60 shrimp from the YHV-injected group after processing, revealed 57 positive for YHV by 1-step RT-PCR assay. Of the 3 

remaining, 2 were positive and 1 negative by nested RT-PCR assay. All 60 shrimp from the buffer-injected, control group were 

negative for YHV by nested RT-PCR assay. Exposure of these whole shrimp to naïve shrimp resulted in no significant mortality 

and no positive RT-PCR test results for YHV by nested RT-PCR assay in the exposed naïve shrimp. Our results showed that 

grossly normal whole shrimp processed by chilling and freezing would present negligible YHV disease transmission risks, even 

if they were 1-step RT-PCR positive for YHV. Thus, shrimp subjected to any additional processing steps such as peeling or 

cooking should present even lower transmission risks. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.1367 

Author (s) : Srivanich, N., Ngarmukos, C., Sungkanuparph, S. 

Title : Prevalence of and risk factors for pre-diabetes in HIV-1-infected patients in Bangkok, Thailand 

Source : Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care, Volume 9, Issue 6, November 2010, Pages 358-361 


Keywords : diabetes; HIV-1; nevirapine; pre-diabetes; risk factor 

Abstract : Pre-diabetes substantially increases the risk of developing macrovascular complication and progression to diabetes. This study 

aimed to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for pre-diabetes in HIV-1-infected patients. A cross-sectional study was 

conducted in HIV-1-infected patients who visited the infectious diseases clinic in a university hospital. Fasting plasma glucose 

(FPG) was performed. There were 149 patients, mean age 42.2 years, and 65.1% were males. Median CD4 count was 434 

cells/mm3. In total, 92% have received antiretroviral therapy (ART), with a median duration of 0.8 years. The prevalence of 

pre-diabetes was 27.5%. From multivariate analysis, body weight ([BW] per 5 kg increase, odds ratio [OR] = 1.241; 95% 

confidence interval [CI], 1.014-1.518; P =.036) and, tentatively, male gender (OR = 2.906; 95% CI, 0.941-8.976; P =.064) were 

risk factors for pre-diabetes. Nevirapine (NVP) use (OR = 0.383; 95% CI, 0.161-0.910; P =.030) was a protective factor for pre- 

497


diabetes. Pre-diabetes is common in HIV-1-infected patients receiving ART. Screening for pre-diabetes and active management 

should be performed in patients with risk factors. © The Author(s) 2010. 

No.1368 

Author (s) : Sriwattanarothai, N., Steinke, D., Ruenwongsa, P., Hanner, R., Panijpan, B. 

Title : Molecular and morphological evidence supports the species status of the Mahachai fighter Betta sp. Mahachai and reveals 

new species of Betta from Thailand 

Source : Journal of Fish Biology, Volume 77, Issue 2, August 2010, Pages 414-424 


Keywords : 16S rRNA; Betta smaragdina var.; Betta sp. Mahachai; Betta splendens complex; Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1; DNA 

barcoding 

Abstract : Two regions of mitochondrial (mt) DNA, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and 16S rRNA, were sequenced in nine species 

of Betta from Thailand and Indonesia. Most species showed little intraspecific COI variation (adjusted mean = 0.48%) including 

the putative species Betta sp. Mahachai, but one species (Betta smaragdina) included three lineages showing much greater 

divergence (7.03-13.48%) that probably represent overlooked species. These findings were confirmed by maximum likelihood 

analysis and Bayesian inference, which revealed well-supported corresponding monophyletic clades. Based on these results 

and morphological differences, the putative species Betta sp. Mahachai from central Thailand is a species distinct from other 

members of the B. splendens group and represents a new and hitherto undescribed species. Furthermore, this study also 

demonstrated the probable existence of two overlooked Betta species found in the Khorat plateau basin, illustrating the 

utility of mitochondrial genetic markers in the revelation of overlooked diversity. © 2010 Institute for Innovative Learning, 

Mahidol University. Journal compilation © 2010 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles. 

No.1369 

Author (s) : Sriwilaijaroen, N., Kondo, S., Nanthasri, P., Auparakkitanon, S., Suzuki, Y., Wilairat, P. 

Title : Antiplasmodial effects of Brucea javanica (L.) merr. and Eurycoma longifolia jack extracts and their combination with 

chloroquine and quinine on Plasmodium falciparum in culture 

Source : Tropical Medicine and Health, Volume 38, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 61-68 


Keywords : Antimalarial activity; Brucea javanica (L.) merr.; Drug combination; Eurycoma longifolia jack; Plasmodium 

falciparum; Traditional medicine 

Abstract : Fruits of Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. ("Ratchadad" in Thai) and roots of Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Pla-laipeag in Thai) are used as 

traditional medicines for the treatment of malarial fever. Ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate, ethyl alcohol and aqueous 

extracts were tested against the multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strain K1. Ethanol and methanol-ethanol extracts, 

together with methanol residue, from fruits of B. javanica (L.) Merr. showed the highest antiplasmodial activities with IC50 

values of 0.5 ± 0.3, 0.3 ± 0.1 and 0.3 ± 0.05 μg/mL, respectively, comparable to the IC50 values of chloroquine (0.17 ± 0.02 

μg/mL) and quinine (0.3 ± 0.1 (μg/mL). Similarly, ethanol and methanol-ethanol extracts of roots of E. longifolia Jack showed 

higher activities than those of the other solvent extracts, but their activities were about 10-fold lower than those of extracts 

from B. javanica (L.) Merr. fruit. In drug combination tests, B. javanica (L.) Merr. and E. longifolia Jack extracts did not appear to 

antagonize antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine and quinine. Not only well-known quassinoid gly-cosides but also 

coumarins and flavonoids identified by thin-layer chromatography in ethanol and methanol-ethanol extracts and in methanol 

residue of B. javanica (L.) Merr fruit and E. longifolia roots may be responsible for the antimalarial activity. Taken together, our 

extraction conditions provided extracts containing novel active compounds that did not antagonize the inhibitory effects of 

the two widely used antimalarials. This finding could lend support to the future discovery ofactive antimalaria compounds 

ofBrucea javanica (L.) Merr. and Eurycoma longifolia Jack as drugs for the treatment of malaria that could be employed as 

drug combinations in order to delay the onset of parasite drug resistance. © 2010 by The Japanese Society of Tropical 

Medicine. 

No.1370 

Author (s) : Sroisiri, T., Boonyanit, T. 

Title : Inhibition of candida adhesion to denture acrylic by Boesenbergia pandurata 

Source : Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 272-275 


498


Keywords : Adhesion; Boesenbergia pandurata; Candida; Denture 

Abstract : Objective: To investigate effect of Boesenbergia pandurata (B. pandurata) rhizome extract on adhesion of Candida albicans (C. 

albicans) to acrylic surface. Methods: Transparent acrylic strips were prepared and divided into three groups with 

pretreatment by extract solution of B. pandurata rhizome at concentration of 25, 50 and 100 mg/mL, respectively. After 

washing, the strips were then inoculated with two strains of C. albicans (ATCC13803 and the clinical isolate) (107cells/mL). 

Normal saline solution and 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. Stained 

the strips with modified Gram stain without counterstain. Adherent yeast cells were direct counted under microscope 

(Olympus-CX31, Japan) in 20 randomly selected fields on each strip. The statistical significance was calculated by Kruskal- 

Wallis and Mann-Whitney non-parametric tests at a significance level of P < 0.05. Results: Pretreatment with B. pandurata 

extract significantly reduced the adhesion of both strains of C. albicans to acrylic surfaces in a dose dependent manner. 

Conclusions: This observation indicates that B. pandurata extract has an inhibitory effect on the ability of C. albicans to 

adhere to denture acrylic and could be employed as an antifungal agent for preventing denture stomatitis. © 2010 Hainan 

Medical College. 

No.1371 

Author (s) : Srosiri, T., Sopee, P., Boonyanit, T. 

Title : Effect of lead on IL-8 production and cell proliferation in human oral keratinocytes 

Source : Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, Volume 3, Issue 6, June 2010, Pages 475-478 


Keywords : Cell proliferation; Interleukin 8; Lead; Oral keratinocytes; Ulcerative stomatitis 

Abstract : Objective: To investigate the effect of lead on the production of IL-8 and cell proliferation in normal human oral 

keratinocytes (NHKs). Methods: NHKs were prepared as outgrowths from normal human buccal mucosa. The cells were 

treated with three concentrations of lead glutamate (4.5×10-5M, 4.5×10-6M and 4.5×10-7M). NHKs grown in glutamic acid 

were used as control. The amounts of IL-8 secreted in the culture supernatants were evaluated at 12 and 24 h using enzymelinked 

immunospecific assay (ELISA). Cell proliferation was determined by the MTT colorimetric assay. Three cultures were 

used for each experiment, and three independent experiments were performed. Analysis of variance and Duncan's multiple 

range tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: An elevation of IL-8 in culture supernatants of NHKs treated with lead at 

all concentrations at 12 and 24 h after exposure in a dose-dependent manner was revealed. A significant increase in cell 

numbers was observed only at 24 h exposed to 4.5×10-5M lead glutamate. Conclusions: The capacity of NHKs, to secrete IL- 

8, enhanced by lead glutamate, is demonstrated here. Induction of cell proliferation is revealed only after exposure to high 

lead concentration. The elevation of secreted IL-8 is a probable initial sign for the acute inflammatory response and may be 

involved in the pathogenesis of lead stomatitis. © 2010 Hainan Medical College. 

No.1372 

Author (s) : Sroyraya, M., Chotwiwatthanakun, C., Stewart, M.J., Soonklang, N., Kornthong, N., Phoungpetchara, I., Hanna, P.J., Sobhon, P. 

Title : Bilateral eyestalk ablation of the blue swimmer crab, Portunus pelagicus, produces hypertrophy of the androgenic gland and 

an increase of cells producing insulin-like androgenic gland hormone 

Source : Tissue and Cell, Volume 42, Issue 5, October 2010, Pages 293-300 


Keywords : Androgenic gland; Eyestalk ablation; Hypertrophy; Insulin-like androgenic gland hormone; Portunus pelagicus 

Abstract : The androgenic glands (AG) of male decapod crustaceans produce insulin-like androgenic gland (IAG) hormone that controls 

male sex differentiation, growth and behavior. Functions of the AG are inhibited by gonad-inhibiting hormone originating from 

X-organ-sinus gland complex in the eyestalk. The AG, and its interaction with the eyestalk, had not been studied in the blue 

swimmer crab, Portunus pelagicus, so we investigated the AG structure, and then changes of the AG and IAG-producing cells 

following eyestalk ablation. The AG of P. pelagicus is a small endrocrine organ ensheathed in a connective tissue and 

attached to the distal part of spermatic duct and ejaculatory bulb. The gland is composed of several lobules, each containing 

two major cell types. Type I cells are located near the periphery of each lobule, and distinguished as small globular cells of 

5-7 μm in diameter, with nuclei containing mostly heterochromatin. Type II cells are 13-15 μm in diameter, with nuclei 

containing mostly euchromatin and prominent nucleoli. Both cell types were immunoreactive with anti-IAG. Following 

bilateral eyestalk ablation, the AG underwent hypertrophy, and at day 8 had increased approximately 3-fold in size. The 

percentage of type I cells had increased more than twice compared with controls, while type II cells showed a corresponding 

decrease. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. 

499


No.1373 

Author (s) : Sroyraya, M., Goto-Inoue, N., Zaima, N., Hayasaka, T., Chansela, P., Tanasawet, S., Shrivas, K., Sobhon, P., Setou, M. 

Title : Visualization of biomolecules in the eyestalk of the blue swimming crab, Portunus pelagicus, by imaging mass spectrometry 

using the atmospheric-pressure mass microscope 

Source : Surface and Interface Analysis, Volume 42, Issue 10-11, October 2010, Pages 1589-1592 


Keywords : Atmospheric-pressure mass microscope; Eye; Eyestalk; Imaging mass spectrometry; Lipids; Metabolites; Portunus pelagicus 

Abstract : We have developed an imaging mass spectrometer-the atmospheric-pressure mass microscope-with high spatial resolution, 

which is composed of an atmospheric pressure ion-source chamber for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (AP-MALDI) 

and a quadrupole ion trap time-of-flight (QIT-TOF) mass spectrometer. The production of 2-dimensional mass spectrum 

intensity by the atmospheric-pressure mass microscope with a very fine scan pitch enables us to visualize the distribution of 

lipids and their metabolites in frozen sections without any specific probes or labels. In this study, we applied AP-MALDI-QIT- 

TOF imaging mass spectrometry to investigate the distribution of lipids in the compound eye-associated eyestalk of the blue 

swimming crab, Portunus pelagicus. The eyestalk of crustaceans responds to many signaling substances, and most of these 

substances are involved in lipid metabolism. The merged ion image of five significant biomolecules clearly showed seven 

separate zones in the eye and eyestalk. The results indicate that the lipid components of each cell layer of the compound 

eye are different. This study provides information regarding lipid compositions and locations on real tissue that correlate with 

function. Imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) with high spatial resolution could thus be a powerful tool for imaging and 

measurement of various samples for a first molecular screening. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 

No.1374 

Author (s) : Stepniewska, K., Ashley, E., Lee, S.J., Anstey, N., Barnes, K.I., Binh, T.Q., D'Alessandro, U., Day, N.P.J., De Vries, P.J., Dorsey, G., 

Guthmann, J.-P., Mayxay, M., Newton, P.N., Olliaro, P., Osorio, L., Price, R.N., Rowland, M., Smithuis, F., Taylor, W.R.J., Nosten, 

F., White, N.J. 

Title : In vivo parasitological measures of artemisinin susceptibility 

Source : Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 201, Issue 4, 15 February 2010, Pages 570-579 


Keywords : amodiaquine, antibiotic agent, artemether, artemisinin, artemisinin derivative, artesunate, atovaquone plus 

proguanil, benflumetol, chloroquine, clindamycin, dihydroartemisinin, doxycycline, fansidar, mefloquine, piperaquine, primaqu 

ine, quinine, tetracycline, trimethoprim; adolescent, article, blood smear, child, drug dose regimen, drug sensitivity, drug 

treatment failure, hospital admission, human, in vivo study, major clinical study, malaria falciparum, parasitology, predictor 

variable, preschool child, priority journal, school child, screening, treatment duration; Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and 

over, Antimalarials, Artemisinins, Child, Child, Preschool, Drug Resistance, Endemic Diseases, Humans, Infant, Kaplan-Meiers 

Estimate, Malaria, Falciparum, Middle Aged, Parasitemia, Plasmodium falciparum, Recurrence 

Abstract : Parasite clearance data from 18,699 patients with falciparum malaria treated with an artemisinin derivative in areas of low (n 

= 14,539), moderate (n = 2077), and high (n = 2083) levels of malaria transmission across the world were analyzed to 

determine the factors that affect clearance rates and identify a simple in vivo screening measure for artemisinin resistance. 

The main factor affecting parasite clearance time was parasite density on admission. Clearance rates were faster in hightransmission 

settings and with more effective partner drugs in artemisinin-based combination treatments (ACTs). The result of 

the malaria blood smear on day 3 (72 h) was a good predictor of subsequent treatment failure and provides a simple 

screening measure for artemisinin resistance. Artemisinin resistance is highly unlikely if the proportion of patients with parasite 

densities of


Abstract : Spermatogenesis in the blue swimming crab, Portunus pelagicus, is described by light and electron microscopy. The testis is 

composed of anterior (AT) and posterior (PT) lobes, that are partitioned into lobules by connective tissue trabecula, and 

further divided into zones (germinal, transformation and evacuation), each with various stages of cellular differentiation. The 

vas deferens is classified into three distinct regions: anterior (AVD), median (MVD), and posterior (PVD), on the presence of 

spermatophores and two secretions, termed substance I and II. Based on the degree and patterns of heterochromatin, 

spermatogenesis is classified into 13 stages: two spermatogonia (SgA and SgB), six primary spermatocytes (leptotene, 

zygotene, pachytene, diplotene, diakinesis, and metaphase), a secondary spermatocyte (SSc), three spermatids (St 1-3), and a 

mature spermatozoon. Spermatid stages are differentiated by chromatin decondensation and the formation of an acrosomal 

complex, which is unique to brachyurans. Mature spermatozoa are aflagellated, and have a nuclear projection and a spherical 

acrosome. AUT-PAGE and Western blots show that, during chromatin decondensation, there is a reduction of most histones, 

with only small amounts of H2B and H3 remaining in mature spermatozoa. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. 

No.1376 

Author (s) : Stokes, R.B. 

Title : Gustave Cotteau's posthumous 1897 monograph on Miocene Spatangus (Echinoidea) of France, the missing plate 13, and the 

death of Paleontologie francaise 

Source : ARCHIVES OF NATURAL HISTORY, Volume: 37, Issue: 2, Pages: 318-324, DOI: 10.3366/E0260954110002032, Published: OCT 2010 


Keywords : Tertiary; history of publication 

Abstract : The first issue of Cotteau's monograph on the post-Eocene echinoids of France, destined to be his final contribution to 

Paleontologie francaise, had reached proof stage when he died in 1894. A limited number of copies of this first part, which 

included twelve plates, was printed for private circulation. Subsequently the section of the genus Spatangus was published in 

Isere as a posthumous journal article with the same twelve plates. Plate 13, of Spatangus heinzi Gauthier, whilst called for in 

the text, was not included. This paper presents the missing plate 13 which was prepared separately in the Yonne and never 

previously published; it identifies errors which were not corrected in the published version, and differences between 

Cotteau's original proof version and that which was published. It also briefly summarises the history of the publication of the 

echinoid volumes of Paleontologie francaise and the reluctance of the publisher, George Masson, to continue its production. 

No.1377 

Author (s) : Stow, N.W., Douglas, R., Tantilipikorn, P., Lacroix, J.S. 

Title : Superantigens 

Source : Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America, Volume 43, Issue 3, June 2010, Pages 489-502 


Keywords : Allergy; Enterotoxin; Rhinitis; Rhinosinusitis; Staphylococcus aureus; Superantigen 

Abstract : Superantigens (SAgs) are derived from diverse sources, including bacteria, viruses, and human hepatic tissue. SAgs initially 

cause lymphocyte activation but then result in clonal deletion and anergy, leading to immune tolerance. They can also act 

as superallergens by stimulating a broad spectrum of mast cells and basophils in patients with allergic conditions. The newly 

described staphylococcal SAg-like proteins subvert innate immune function by several mechanisms, which are distinct from 

SAgs' effects on lymphocytes and other acquired immune processes. There is mounting evidence to suggest that SAgs play a 

role in the pathophysiology of inflammatory airway disease. The pathophysiologic role of SAg-like proteins awaits clarification. 

© 2010 Elsevier Inc. 

No.1378 

Author (s) : Stringer, J.S.A., McConnell, M.S., Kiarie, J., Bolu, O., Anekthananon, T., Jariyasethpong, T., Potter, D., Mutsotso, W., Borkowf, C.B., 

Mbori-Ngacha, D., Muiruri, P., Ong'ech, J.O., Zulu, I., Njobvu, L., Jetsawang, B., Pathak, S., Bulterys, M., Shaffer, N., Weidle, P.J. 

Title : Effectiveness of non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy in women previously exposed to a 

single intrapartum dose of nevirapine: A multi-country, prospective cohort study 

Source : PLoS Medicine, Volume 7, Issue 2, February 2010, Article number e1000233 


Keywords : cotrimoxazole, efavirenz, lamivudine plus zidovudine, nevirapine, rifampicin, ritonavir, stavudine, zidovudine, RNA directed 

DNA polymerase inhibitor; adult, article, cohort analysis, drug efficacy, drug treatment failure, environmental 

exposure, female, highly active antiretroviral therapy, human, Human immunodeficiency virus 

501


infection, hypothesis, Kenya, major clinical study, observational study, Pneumocystis pneumonia, prospective study, risk 

assessment, single drug dose, Thailand, treatment outcome, tuberculosis, virus load, Zambia, pregnancy, vertical transmission; 

Adult, Cohort Studies, Female, HIV Infections, Humans, Infectious Disease Transmission, 

Vertical, Kenya, Nevirapine, Pregnancy, Prospective Studies, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Thailand, Treatment 

Outcome, Zambia 

Abstract : Background: Intrapartum and neonatal single-dose nevirapine (NVP) reduces the risk of mother-to-child HIV transmission but 

also induces viral resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) drugs. This drug resistance largely fades 

over time. We hypothesized that women with a prior single-dose NVP exposure would have no more than a 10% higher 

cumulative prevalence of failure of their NNRTI-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) over the first 48 wk of therapy than 

would women without a prior exposure. Methods and Findings: We enrolled 355 NVP-exposed and 523 NVP-unexposed 

women at two sites in Zambia, one site in Kenya, and two sites in Thailand into a prospective, non-inferiority cohort study 

and followed them for 48 wk on ART. Those who died, discontinued NNRTI-containing ART, or had a plasma viral load ≥400 

copies/ml at either the 24 wk or 48 wk study visits and confirmed on repeat testing were characterized as having failed 

therapy. Overall, 114 of 355 NVP-exposed women (32.1%) and 132 of 523 NVP-unexposed women (25.2%) met criteria for 

treatment failure. The difference in failure rates between the exposure groups was 6.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.8%- 

13.0%). The failure rates of women stratified by our predefined exposure interval categories were as follows: 47 of 116 

women in whom less than 6 mo elapsed between exposure and starting ART failed therapy (40%; p


Keywords : Antioxidant; Cardiac function; High fat diet; Liver function; Ocimum sanctum L. 

Abstract : It has been reported that Ocimum sanctum L. (OS) leaves decrease serum lipid profile in normal and diabetic animals. No 

experimental evidences support the anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidative actions against hypercholesterolemia. Moreover the 

identity of the specific chemical ingredients in OS leaves responsible for these pharmacological effects are unknown. Since OS 

leaves are rich in essential oil (EO). Therefore the present study was conducted to investigate the anti-hyperlipidemic and 

antioxidative activities of EO extracted from OS leaves in rats fed with high cholesterol (HC) diet. EO was extracted by the 

hydrodistillation method and the chemical constituents were then identified by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The 

experiment was performed in Male Wistar rats fed with 2.5 g%(w/w) of cholesterol diet for seven weeks. During the last 3 

weeks, rats were daily fed with EO. The results showed that phenyl propanoid compounds including eugenol and methyl 

eugenol were the major constituents of EO. EO suppressed the high serum lipid profile and atherogenic index as well as 

serum lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase MB subunit without significant effect on high serum levels of aspartate 

aminotransferase, alanine amino-transferase and alkaline phosphatase in rats fed with HC diet. In addition, EO was found to 

decrease the high levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide 

dismutase (SOD) without impacting catalase (CAT) in the cardiac tissue while in the liver, it decreased high level of TBARS 

without significantly effecting GPx, SOD and CAT. Histopathological results confirmed that EO preserved the myocardial tissue. 

It can be concluded that EO extracted from OS leaves has lipid-lowering and antioxidative effects that protect the heart 

against hypercholesterolemia. Eugenol that is contained in EO likely contribute to these pharmacological effects. 

No.1381 

Author (s) : Suantai, S., Cholamjiak, W. 

Title : A hybrid method for a countable family of multivalued maps, equilibrium problems, and variational inequality problems 

Source : Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society, Volume 2010, 2010, Article number 349158 



Abstract : We introduce a new monotone hybrid iterative scheme for finding a common element of the set of common fixed points of 

a countable family of nonexpansive multivalued maps, the set of solutions of variational inequality problem, and the set of 

the solutions of the equilibrium problem in a Hilbert space. Strong convergence theorems of the purposed iteration are 

established. Copyright © 2010 W. Cholamjiak and S. Suantai. 

No.1382 

Author (s) : Suantai, S., Singthong, U. 

Title : A new general iterative method for a finite family of nonexpansive mappings in hilbert spaces 

Source : Fixed Point Theory and Applications, Volume 2010, 2010, Article number 262691 


Abstract : We introduce a new general iterative method by using the K -mapping for finding a common fixed point of a finite family of 

nonexpansive mappings in the framework of Hilbert spaces. A strong convergence theorem of the purposed iterative method 

is established under some certain control conditions. Our results improve and extend the results announced by many others. 

Copyright 2010 Urailuk Singthong and Suthep Suantai. 

No.1383 

Author (s) : Sucharitakul, J., Wongnate, T., Chaiyen, P. 

Title : Kinetic isotope effects on the noncovalent flavin mutant protein of pyranose 2-oxidase reveal insights into the flavin 

reduction mechanism 

Source : Biochemistry, Volume 49, Issue 17, 4 May 2010, Pages 3753-3765 


Keywords : Binding modes, Cofactors, Covalent linkage, D-glucose, Flavin adenine dinucleotide, Gain insight, H-bonds, Halfreactions, 

Kinetic constant, Kinetic isotope effects, Kinetic mechanism, Kinetic simulation, Michaelis complex, Mutant 

proteins, Noncovalent, OH group, Primary isotope effect, Pyranose, Reaction mechanism, Reduction mechanisms, Solvent 

kinetic isotope effects, Steady-state kinetics, Transient kinetic data, Transient kinetics, Wild types, Wild-type enzymes; Binding 

energy, Carrier mobility, Enzymes, Isotopes, Molecular oxygen, Oxidation, Rate constants, Reaction intermediates; Glucose; 

1,2,3,4,5,6,6 delta7 dextro glucose, 2 delta dextro glucose, 3 delta dextro glucose, 8a n 3 histidyl flavin adenine 

dinucleotide, alanine, carbon, enzyme, flavine adenine nucleotide, flavine nucleotide, flavoprotein, glucose, glucose 

503


derivative, histidine, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl group, oxidoreductase, oxygen, pyranose 2 oxidase, solvent, unclassified 

drug; amino acid substitution, article, binding affinity, catalysis, chemical bond, complex formation, controlled study, cross 

linking, deprotonation, enzyme kinetics, enzyme specificity, isotope analysis, kinetic isotope effect, Michaelis 

constant, mutant, oxidation reduction reaction, priority journal, protein cleavage, proton transport, wild type; Amino Acid 

Substitution, Binding Sites, Carbohydrate Dehydrogenases, Catalysis, Catalytic Domain, Flavins, Glucose, Kinetics, Models, 

Molecular, Molecular Structure, Mutagenesis, Site-Directed, Mutant Proteins, Mutation, Oxidation-Reduction, Trametes; 

Trametes ochracea 

Abstract : Pyranose 2-oxidase (P2O) from Trametes multicolor contains a flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactor covalently linked to 

the N3 atom of His167. The enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of aldopyranoses by molecular oxygen to generate 2-ketoaldoses 

and H2O2 as products. In this study, the transient kinetics and primary and solvent kinetic isotope effects of the 

mutant in which His167 has been replaced with Ala (H167A) were investigated, to elucidate the functional role of the 8a-N3histidyl 

FAD linkage and to gain insights into the reaction mechanism of P2O. The results indicate that the covalent linkage is 

mainly important for a reductive half-reaction in which the FAD cofactor is reduced by d-glucose, while it is not important for 

an oxidative half-reaction in which oxygen reacts with the reduced FAD to generate H2O2. d-Glucose binds to H167A via 

multiple binding modes before the formation of the active Michaelis complex, and the rate constant of flavin reduction 

decreases ∼22-fold compared to that of the wild-type enzyme. The reduction of H167A using d-glucose isotopes (2-d-dglucose, 

3-d-d-glucose, and 1,2,3,4,5,6,6-d7-d-glucose) as substrates indicates that the primary isotope effect results only from 

substitution at the C2 position, implying that H167A catalyzes the oxidation of d-glucose regiospecifically at this position. No 

solvent kinetic isotope effect was detected during the reductive half-reaction of the wild-type or H167A enzyme, implying 

that the deprotonation of the d-glucose C2-OH group may occur readily upon the binding to P2O and is not synchronized 

with the cleavage of the d-glucose C2′H bond. The mutation has no drastic effect on the oxidative half-reaction of P2O, as 

H167A is very similar to the wild-type enzyme with respect to the kinetic constants and the formation of the C4ahydroperoxyflavin 

intermediate. Kinetic mechanisms for both half-reactions of H167A were proposed on the basis of transient 

kinetic data and were verified by kinetic simulations and steady-state kinetic parameters. © 2010 American Chemical Society. 

No.1384 

Author (s) : Suebsin, C., Gerdsri, N. 

Title : Technology adoption: A case study of ERP implementation in one of healthcare organizations in Thailand 

Source : PICMET '10 - Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology, Proceedings - Technology 

Management for Global Economic Growth, 2010, Article number 5603424, Pages 447-454 


Keywords : ERP implementation, Healthcare organizations, In-depth interviews, Private hospitals, Technology adoption, Thailand, Work 

process; Economics, Industrial management, Resource allocation, Technology; Enterprise resource planning 

Abstract : This paper addresses the factors that affect technology adoption within a healthcare organization. A case study of the 

adoption of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is conducted through a series of in-depth interviews to explore the situation of 

technology adoption in one of the leading private hospitals in Thailand. The five factors were derived from the study 

including routine job, user resistance, ERP capability, complexity, and change of work process. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.1385 

Author (s) : Suewattana, M., Singh, D.J. 

Title : Local dynamics and structure of pure and Ta substituted ( K1-x Nax ) NbO3 from first principles calculations 

Source : Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, Volume 82, Issue 1, 28 July 2010, Article number 014114 



Abstract : The local structure and dynamics of piezoelectric K1-x Na xNbO3 perovskite solid solutions with and without partial Ta 

substitution at x=0.5 are investigated using first principles calculations for supercells. The results are analyzed locally using 

the dynamical pair distribution functions. The local structures for Ta-substituted material show smaller off-centering of Ta 

compared to Nb. In addition, the dynamics of the relaxed structure indicate softer Nb force constants relative to Ta even 

though the Nb has shorter O nearest-neighbor distances than Ta. These results are discussed in relation to experimental 

measurements which show a decrease in Curie temperature and an increase in dielectric constant when Ta is partially 

substituted into K1-x NaxNbO3. © 2010 The American Physical Society. 

504


No.1386 

Author (s) : Sugiyama, M.; Kaneko, Y.; Boonchird, C.; Harashima, S. 

Title : Molecular breeding of super yeast as bioethanol producer with tolerance to high temperature and low pH 

Source : JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY, Volume: 150, Supplement: 1, Pages: S363-S363, DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.09.425, Published: 





No.1387 

Author (s) : Suh, D.H., Kim, J.W., Aziz, M.F., Devi, U.K., Ngan, H.Y.S., Nam, J.-H., Kim, S.C., Kato, T., Ryu, H.S., Fujii, S., Lee, Y.S., Kim, J.H., Kim, 

T.-J., Kim, Y.T., Wang, K.-L., Lee, T.S., Ushijima, K., Shin, S.-G., Chia, Y.N., Wilailak, S., Park, S.Y., Katabuchi, H., Kamura, T., Kang, 

S.-B. 

Title : Asian society of gynecologic oncology workshop 2010 

Source : Journal of Gynecologic Oncology, Volume 21, Issue 3, September 2010, Pages 137-150 


Keywords : ASGO; Cervical caner; Clinical trials; Endometrial cancer; Ovarian cancer; Workshop 

Abstract : This workshop was held on July 31-August 1, 2010 and was organized to promote the academic environment and to enhance 

the communication among Asian countries prior to the 2nd biennial meeting of Australian Society of Gynaecologic 

Oncologists (ASGO), which will be held on November 3-5, 2011. We summarized the whole contents presented at the 

workshop. Regarding cervical cancer screening in Asia, particularly in low resource settings, and an update on human 

papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination was described for prevention and radical surgery overview, fertility sparing and less radical 

surgery, nerve sparing radical surgery and primary chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced cervical cancer, were discussed for 

management. As to surgical techniques, nerve sparing radical hysterectomy, optimal staging in early ovarian cancer, 

laparoscopic radical hysterectomy, one-port surgery and robotic surgery were introduced. After three topics of endometrial 

cancer, laparoscopic surgery versus open surgery, role of lymphadenectomy and fertility sparing treatment, there was a 

special additional time for clinical trials in Asia. Finally, chemotherapy including neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, optimal surgical 

management, and the basis of targeted therapy in ovarian cancer were presented. 

No.1388 

Author (s) : Sujjanunt, J.; Prasansiang, C.; Siritho, S.; Anamnart, C.; Jitpratoom, P.; Prayoonwiwat, N. 

Title : Azathioprine in Thai multiple sclerosis patients 





No.1389 

Author (s) : Sukeeyamanon, W., Sirsiapisith, T., Wasinrat, J. 

Title : Preoperative localization of adamkiewicz arteries and their origins by using MDCT angiography 



Keywords : Adamkiewicz arteries; MDCT angiography; Preoperative evaluation image visualization 

Abstract : Objective: To evaluate the ability of thoraco-abdominal MDCT angiography to visualize Adamkiewicz arteries for preoperative 

planning in patients diagnosed with aortic disease. Material and Method: The present study retrospectively reviewed clinical 

data from 73 patients who underwent a thoracoabdominal 64-slice MDCT angiography. The Adamkiewicz artery was evaluated 

on multiplanar reformation images in each case. The visualization of the Adamkiewicz artery, level of origin, side of origin and 

continuation from an intercostal artery was investigated. Results: The Adamkiewicz arteries were visualized in 52 of the 73 

patients (71.2%), and the total number of the delineated Adamkiewicz arteries was 64. Two Adamkiewicz arteries were found 

in nine patients (17.3%). Four Adamkiewicz arteries were found in one patient (1.9%). Most of the delineated arteries arose 

from the T9-L2 levels (89.1%). A left side of origin was found in 41 of 64 arteries (64.1%), and a right side of origin was found 

in 23 of 64 arteries (35.9%). Only 12 of 64 delineated arteries (18.8%) showed continuity from their origins to the anterior 

505


radiculomedullary artery. Conclusion: The preoperative detection rate of the Adamkiewicz artery with the routine technique 

of 64-slice MDCT angiography was 71.2%. The preoperative location of the Adamkiewicz artery may help to reduce the risk of 

perioperative ischemic changes in the spinal cord. 

No.1390 

Author (s) : Suksai, P., Sangkachai, N., Chatsiriwech, J., Kanthasaewee, O., Sariya, L., Chaichoun, K. 

Title : Development of multiplex polymerase chain reaction for detection of feline hemotropic mycoplasma in blood and tissue 

specimens 



Keywords : Feline; Hemoplasma; Hemotropic mycoplasma; Multiplex PCR 

Abstract : A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed for the detection of feline hemotropic mycoplasmas which 

simultaneously differentiates infections of Mycoplasma haemofelis (Mhf), Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum (CMhm) 

and Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis (CMtc) in feline blood and spleen. These organisms are responsible for the cause of 

various pathogenicity of feline infectious anemia. These infections are difficult to be detected by microscopic examination, 

the most commonly used method for general laboratory diagnoses. Specific primers were designed by selected consensus 

16S rDNA sequences of three distinct species. The multiplex PCR assay developed in this study was sensitive and specific with 

detection limit 100 copies/μl DNA of Mhf and CMhm and 10 copies/μl DNA of CMtc. No amplicons could be amplified for 

other blood parasites or bacterial pathogens. This multiplex PCR will allow studies of pathogenicity and the monitoring of 

clinical treatment. 

No.1391 

Author (s) : Suksamanapun N., Uiprasertkul M., Ruangtrakool R., Akaraviputh T. 

Title : Endoscopic treatment of a large colonic polyp as a cause of colocolonic intussusception in a child. 

Source : World J Gastrointest Endosc, 2010 July 16; 2(7): 268-270 


Keywords : Colocolonic intussusception; Juvenile polyp; Endoscopic treatment; Large colonic polyp 

Abstract : Colocolonic intussusception is an uncommon cause of intestinal obstruction in children. The most common type is idiopathic 

ileocolic intussusception. However, pathologic lead points occur approximately in 5% of cases. In pediatric patients, Meckel’s 

diverticulum is the most common lead point, followed by polyps and duplication. We present a case of recurrent 

colocolonic intussusception which caused colonic obstruction in a 10-year-old boy. A barium enema revealed a large 

polypoid mass at the transverse colon. Colonoscopy showed a colonic polyp, 3.5 centimeters in diameter, which was 

successfully removed by endoscopic polypectomy. 

No.1392 

Author (s) : Suksiriworapong, J., Sripha, K., Junyaprasert, V.B. 

Title : Synthesis and characterization of bioactive molecules grafted on poly(e{open}-caprolactone) by " click" chemistry 

Source : Polymer, Volume 51, Issue 11, May 2010, Pages 2286-2295 


Keywords : Bioactive molecules; Click chemistry; Poly(e{open}-caprolactone) 

Abstract : A facile and efficient strategy to graft bioactive molecules (nicotinic acid, p-aminobenzoic acid, and phthaloyltryptophan) onto 

poly(e{open}-caprolactone) (P(e{open}CL)) was achieved by copper-catalyzed Huisgen's 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition known as 

click reaction. P(αCle{open}CL), with 10, 20, and 30% of α-chloro-e{open}-caprolactone (αCle{open}CL) units were 

copolymerized by ring opening polymerization using e{open}CL and αCle{open}CL as starting materials in the presence of 1,4butanediol 

and Sn(Oct)2. Subsequently, the chloride pendent was converted to azide followed by cycloaddition with 

terminal alkyne derivatives of the aforementioned bioactive molecules. The complete addition was accomplished at all 

ratios. The characteristic molecular features of these copolymers were evaluated by FTIR, NMR, and GPC. Thermal analysis 

data indicated that the grafted compounds led to polymorphic alteration and different pattern of thermal degradation 

depending on the molecular structure and the size of the grafted compounds. They are the basis for further development of 

grafted copolymer as drug delivery carriers. © 2010. 

506


No.1393 

Author (s) : Suksrichavalit, T., Yoshimatsu, K., Prachayasittikul, V., Bülow, L., Ye, L. 

Title : "Clickable" affinity ligands for effective separation of glycoproteins 

Source : Journal of Chromatography A, Volume 1217, Issue 23, June 2010, Pages 3635-3641 


Keywords : Affinity separation; Boronic acid; Click chemistry; Glycoprotein 

Abstract : In this paper, we present a new modular approach to immobilize boronic acid ligands that can offer effective separation of 

glycoproteins. A new " clickable" boronic acid ligand was synthesized by introducing a terminal acetylene group into 

commercially available 3-aminophenyl boronic acid. The clickable ligand, 3-(prop-2-. ynyloxycarbonylamino). phenylboronic 

acid (2) could be easily coupled to azide-functionalized hydrophilic Sepharose using Cu(I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition 

reaction under mild condition. Compared to other boronic acid affinity gels, the new affinity gel displayed superior 

effectiveness in separating model glycoproteins (ovalbumin and RNase B) from closely related bovine serum albumin and 

RNase A in the presence of crude Escherichia coli proteins. Because of the simplicity of the immobilization through " click 

chemistry" , the new ligand 2 is expected to not only offer improved glycoprotein separation in other formats, but also act as 

a useful building block to develop new chemical sensors for analysis of other glycan compounds. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

No.1394 

Author (s) : Sumethkul, V., Tankee, P., Chalermsanyakorn, P., Jirasiritham, S. 

Title : Long-term outcome of very early cyclosporine minimization and de novo everolimus therapy in kidney transplant recipients: 

A pharmacokinetic guided approach 



Keywords : creatinine, cyclosporin A, everolimus, prednisolone; area under the curve, clinical article, conference paper, creatinine blood 

level, drug dose reduction, follow up, glomerulus filtration rate, graft recipient, graft survival, human, kidney graft 

rejection, kidney transplantation, maximum plasma concentration, pharmacokinetics, plasma concentration-time 

curve, priority journal, survival, time to maximum plasma concentration 

Abstract : Background Cyclosporine (CsA) nephrotoxicity is an important cause of chronic allograft dysfunction. Clinical information 

concerning the impact of very early CsA dose reduction in kidney transplant recipients is limited. We have examined the longterm 

outcomes of very early CsA dose reduction. This is synchronized with de novo everolimus and steroid therapy. Methods 

We enrolled 10 de novo kidney transplant recipients to receive CsA (target C0 250350 ng/mL) and prednisolone as initial 

therapy. CsA dosage was reduced by 50% at posttransplant day 7. Everolimus (target trough level, 38 ng/mL) was 

concomitantly started at the day of CsA reduction. Full pharmacokinetic studies of everolimus and CsA were studied at the 

period of 48 weeks after CsA reduction. CsA was then gradually reduced to maintain a trough level of 50100 ng/mL and/or 

Cmax <600 ng/mL. Results The mean follow-up was 51.2 ± 3.45 months. The nadir serum creatinine was 1.03 ± 0.33 mg/dL. 

The mean initial estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 97.97 ± 23.36 mL/min. The mean initial trough everolimus 

was 5.2 ± 1.5 ng/mL. The eGFR at 1 year, 3 years, and last follow-up was 82 ± 25, 80 ± 21, and 80 ± 25 mL/min, respectively. 

Patient and graft survival was 100%. Conclusion Very early CsA dose reduction synchronized with de novo everolimus therapy 

was associated with good long-term patient and graft survival in kidney transplant recipients. This intervention can lead to 

75% CsA minimization and is associated with very good GFR by the modification of Diet in Renal Disease Formula at year 4. © 

2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 

No.1395 

Author (s) : Sumetphong, C., Tangwongsan, S. 

Title : Recognizing broken characters in Thai Historical documents 

Source : ICACTE 2010 - 2010 3rd International Conference on Advanced Computer Theory and Engineering, Proceedings, Volume 1, 

2010, Article number 5579053, Pages V199-V1103 


Keywords : Broken characters; Error correction; Optical character recognition; Set-partitions; Thai historical documents 

Abstract : One of the biggest challenges in restoring historical documents is to achieve a high level of OCR accuracy. The main 

characteristic inherent to these valuable but degraded documents is the abundant presence of broken characters. This paper 

represents this problem as a mathematical model. We also propose a novel solution based on set-partitions to recognize 

507


broken characters in Thai Historical documents. Experiments based on this solution have been performed and the results are 

very promising. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.1396 

Author (s) : Sumriddetchkajorn, K.; Chailurkit, L.; Thakkinstian, A.; Sritara, P. 

Title : HYPOVITAMINOSIS D IN THAILAND WAS ASSOCIATED WITH DECREASED RISK FOR HYPERTENSION 

Source : JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION, Volume: 28, Supplement: A, Pages: E131-E132, Published: JUN 2010 




No.1397 

Author (s) : Sumruayphol, S., Apiwathnasorn, C., Komalamisra, N., Ruangsittichai, J., Samung, Y., Chavalitshewinkoon-Petmitr, P. 

Title : Bionomic status of Anopheles epiroticus Linton & Harbach, a coastal malaria vector, in Rayong Province, Thailand 



Keywords : Anopheles epiroticus; Bionomic status; Malaria vector; Thailand 

Abstract : A longitudinal entomological survey was conducted to provide in-depth information on An. epiroticus and determine whether 

ecological and entomological factors could influence malaria transmission in Rayong Province, Thailand. The mosquitoes were 

collected monthly from May 2007 to April 2008 by human landing catch technique from 6:00-12:00 PM for 2 consecutive 

nights, at 3 collection sites. A total of 3,048 mosquitoes within 5 species were captured: An. epiroticus, Culex quinquefasciatus 

Say, Cx. sitiens Wiedemann, Aedes aegypti (L.) and Ae. albopictus Skuse. PCR was used for molecular identification of An. 

sundaicus complex, by determination of COI, ITS2, and D3 genes. The target mosquitoes were An. epiroticus, which was the 

predominant species, accounting for 43.8% of specimens collected. The biting cycle pattern increased during 6:00-8:00 PM 

and reached a maximum of 6.6 bites/person/hour by 12:00 PM. The mosquitoes varied in population density throughout the 

year. The highest biting rate was 37.6 bites/person/ half night in September and the lowest (10.2 bites/person/half night) in 

January. Nested PCR and real-time PCR techniques were used to detect the malaria parasite in An. epiroticus adult females. 

Nine of 926 (0.97%) mosquitoes tested were malaria parasite positive: 6 P. falciparum and 3 P. vivax. The infective mosquitoes 

were found in the dry and early rainy seasons. The overall annual entomological inoculation rate (EIR) in the village was 76.6. 

The overall parity rate was 74%. A total of 38 cement tanks were used to characterize the nature of the breeding places of 

An. epiroticus. An. epiroticus larvae coexisted with Aedes and Culex larvae; the maximum larval density was more than 140 

larvae per dip in May. Breeding places included fresh, brackish and salt water, typically with full sunlight and mats of green 

algae on the water surface. The salinity of the water ranged from 0.5 to 119.4 g/l, with a narrow pH range of 8.2-8.7. Dissolved 

oxygen was highest in November (6.27 mg/l) and lowest in March (3.46 mg/l). The water temperature varied between 24.6 

and 32.8oC. 

No.1398 

Author (s) : Sun, W., Mao, S., Wang, Y., Junyaprasert, V.B., Zhang, T., Na, L., Wang, J. 

Title : Bioadhesion and oral absorption of enoxaparin nanocomplexes 

Source : International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Volume 386, Issue 1-2, 15 February 2010, Pages 275-281 


Keywords : Bioadhesion; Chitosan; Enoxaparin; Oral absorption; PEGylation; Polyelectrolyte complex; Thiolated chitosan; Trimethyl 

chitosan 

Abstract : Polyelectrolyte complexes (PEC) formed between chitosan derivatives and enoxaparin were prepared by a self-assembly 

process and were characterized in terms of particle size and surface charge. The morphology was observed by atomic force 

microscopy (AFM). The colloidal stability and bioadhesion of the PEC were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS). 

The absorption of enoxaparin in rats was evaluated by activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) assay. It was shown that 

the prepared PEC had a spherical shape with positive charge and a mean diameter in the range of 200-600 nm. An increase in 

temperature led to a decrease in particle size (ca. 10%) with an increased kcps value (ca. 10-20%) for the PEC studied, 

depending on the polymer structure. Thiolation and methylation of chitosan could significantly improve the corresponding 

PEC's bioadhesion and hence the oral absorption of enoxaparin. A good relationship between bioadhesion and in vivo 

absorption was established. However, PEC of PEGylated chitosan did not display a significantly enhanced permeation of 

508


enoxaparin compared with unmodified chitosan. In conclusion, the oral bioavailability of enoxaparin can be enhanced by 

improving the bioadhesive properties of PEC via the chemical modification of chitosan employed. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All 


No.1399 

Author (s) : Sundarathiti, P., Pasutharnchat, K., Jommaroeng, P. 

Title : Thoracic epidural-general analgesia in scoliosis surgery 

Source : Journal of Clinical Anesthesia, Volume 22, Issue 6, September 2010, Pages 410-414 


Keywords : Epidural; General administration; Thoracic analgesia; Thoracolumbar scoliosis surgery 

Abstract : Study Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) in scoliosis surgery. Design: Descriptive clinical 

study. Setting: University hospital. Patients: 15 ASA physical status I, II, and III patients undergoing thoracolumbar scoliosis 

correction. Interventions: TEA was performed at three to 5 cm cephalad to the incision, and 5 to 10 mL of 0.125% - 0.2% 

levobupivacaine was given initially. Then, 5 to 10 mL of levobupivacaine was infused hourly throughout the operation. 

General anesthesia (GA) was induced with thiopental sodium (5 mg/kg) and fentanyl (one μg/kg) and was maintained with 

0.2% sevoflurane and 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen. Intraoperative epidural morphine (two to three mg) was administered, and 

0.1% levobupivacaine with morphine (0.04 to 0.08 mg/mL) was infused at two to 4 mL/hr for postoperative analgesia. 

Measurements: Adequacy of anesthesia, postanesthetic recovery and analgesia, adverse effects, and patient satisfaction were 

recorded. Main Results: 20% of patients underwent more than 10 levels of correction, and 53% had coexisting morbid 

diseases. All had adequate anesthesia. Immediately in the Postanesthesia Care Unit (PACU), 67% of patients reached an 

Aldrete score of 10, and 40% were fully awake and oriented. All patients were arousable to command and able to flex their 

hips and knees. None had intraoperative recall. 73% reported no pain in the PACU or 6 hours postoperatively. No serious 

adverse effects occured. 80% of patients rated their satisfaction as "good". Conclusions: Preincisional application of TEA with 

light GA may be used effectively in thoracolumbar scoliosis surgery. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 

No.1400 

Author (s) : Sungkanak, U., Sappat, A., Wisitsoraat, A., Promptmas, C., Tuantranont, A. 

Title : Ultrasensitive detection of Vibrio cholerae O1 using microcantilever-based biosensor with dynamic force microscopy 

Source : Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Volume 26, Issue 2, October 2010, Pages 784-789 


Keywords : Biosensor; Dynamic force microscopy; Microcantilever; Vibrio cholerae O1 

Abstract : This work presents the first demonstration of a cantilever based cholerae sensor. Dynamic force microscopy within atomic 

force microscope (AFM) is applied to measure the cantilever's resonance frequency shift due to mass of cell bound on 

microcantilever surface. The Vibrio cholerae O1, a food and waterborne pathogen that caused cholera disease in human, is a 

target bacterium cell of interest. Commercial gold-coated AFM microcantilevers are immobilized with monoclonal antibody 

(anti-V. cholerae O1) by self-assembled monolayer method. V. cholerae O1 detection experiment is then conducted in 

concentrations ranging from 1×103 to 1×107CFU/ml. The microcantilever-based sensor has a detection limit of 

~1×103CFU/ml and a mass sensitivity, ∆m/∆F, of ~146.5pg/Hz, which is at least two orders of magnitude lower than other 

reported techniques and sufficient for V. cholerae detection in food products without pre-enrichment steps. In addition, V. 

cholerae O1 antigen-antibody binding on microcanilever is confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The results 

demonstrate that the new biosensor is promising for high sensitivity, uncomplicated and rapid detection of V. cholerae O1. © 


No.1401 

Author (s) : Sungkanuparph, S. 

Title : Mortality rates in HIV-infected patients with second failure of antiretroviral therapy are still high: A lesson from NA-ACCORD 

Source : Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy, Volume 8, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 371-373 


Keywords : Antiretroviral therapy; HIV; Mortality; Treatment failure; Virologic failure 

Abstract : In clinical practice, a significant proportion of HIV-infected patients still experience treatment failure during antiretroviral 

therapy (ART). There is limited information regarding the second treatment failure and its mortality rate. This article assessed 

the findings of a recently published paper describing analyzed data from the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on 

509


Research and Design. A total of 7159 out of 36,188 patients who received ART had a second virologic failure from ART. 

Although the risk of second failure decreased from 1996 to 2005 owing to the evolution of ART, the cumulative mortality at 5 

years after onset of second failure was 26%. Strategies to prevent treatment failure are urgently needed in order to minimize 

the mortality among HIV-infected patients receiving ART. © 2010 Expert Reviews Ltd. 

No.1402 

Author (s) : Sungkanuparph, S., Techasathit, W., Utaipiboon, C., Chasombat, S., Bhakeecheep, S., Leechawengwongs, M., Ruxrungtham, K., 

Phanuphak, P. 

Title : Thai national guidelines for antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1 infected adults and adolescents 2010 



Keywords : Adolescent; Adult; Antiretroviral; HIV; Thai guidelines 

Abstract : In Thailand, more than 150,000 patients are currently treated with antiretroviral drugs under the support of the National AIDS 

Program (NAP). The appointed Adults and Adolescents Committee consisted of 28 members who are experts in HIV research, 

patient care or health care policy. Relevant published literature, guidelines, and the most recent relevant clinical trials 

presented internationally were reviewed. Several peer review and clinical studies conducted in Thailand were included in the 

review process. Special considerations for patients with co-infection of tuberculosis or hepatitis B were incorporated. 

Appropriate cut-off of CD4+ T-cell counts when to commence ART among Thai patients have been considered. It is now 

recommended to start ART at CD4+ T-cell count <350 cells/mm3. For treatment-naive patients, the preferred initial therapy 

is a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based regimen containing lamivudine plus zidovudine or tenofovir. 

Stavudine will be phased out in a two-year plan at the national program level. Viral load and CD4+ T-cell counts should be 

monitored at least once and twice a year. To achieve long-term treatment success, enhancing adherence together with the 

proper management of antiretroviral-related toxicity is critical. In summary, the major changes from the Thai 2008 guidelines 

include commencing ART earlier. ART is recommended regardless of CD4+ T cell count if patients have an indication to treat 

their HBV co-infection. Preferred first regimen uses AZT or TDF, not d4T as the NRTI-backbone. Furthermore, efavirenz is now 

considered a preferred NNRTI, along with nevirapine. 

No.1403 

Author (s) : Sungsuwan, S., Ruangsupapichart, N., Prabpai, S., Kongsaeree, P., Thongpanchang, T. 

Title : Tetrahydro-1,4-epoxynaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid: A chiral derivatizing agent for the determination of the absolute 

configuration of secondary alcohols 

Source : Tetrahedron Letters, Volume 51, Issue 38, 2010, Pages 4965-4967 


Keywords : alcohol, carboxylic acid derivative, proton, tetrahydro 1,4 epoxynaphthalene 1 carboxylic acid, unclassified drug; 

article, chemical structure, chirality, derivatization, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, reliability 

Abstract : A new chiral derivatizing agent, tetrahydro-1,4-epoxynaphthalene-1- carboxylic acid (THENA), with a represented synperiplanar 

disposition of O-Ca-CαO as a part of the bicyclic system to lock the aromatic residue conformation and the 

availability of an internal reference proton for 1H NMR spectral alignment, is introduced. In the determination of the absolute 

configuration of chiral secondary alcohols, THENA offered good uniformity of ∆δ with high reliability, resulting in 

unambiguous assignment of the absolute configuration. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.1404 

Author (s) : Suntornsaratoon, P., Wongdee, K., Goswami, S., Krishnamra, N., Charoenphandhu, N. 

Title : Bone modeling in bromocriptine-treated pregnant and lactating rats: Possible osteoregulatory role of prolactin in lactation 

Source : American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism, Volume 299, Issue 3, September 2010, Pages E426-E436 


Keywords : Bone histomorphometry; Hyperprolactinemia; Ion chromatography; Osteopenia; Uncoupling 

Abstract : The lactogenic hormone prolactin (PRL) directly regulates osteoblast functions in vitro and modulates bone remodeling in 

nulliparous rats, but its osteoregulatory roles in pregnant and lactating rats with physiological hyperprolactinemia remained 

unclear. Herein, bone changes were investigated in rats treated with bromocriptine (Bromo), an inhibitor of pituitary PRL 

release, or Bromo+PRL at different reproductive phases, from mid-pregnancy to late lactation. PRL receptors were strongly 

expressed in osteoblasts lining bone trabeculae, indicating bone as a target of PRL actions. By using dual energy X-ray 

510


absorptiometry, we found a significant increase in bone mineral density in the femora and vertebrae of pregnant rats. Such 

pregnancy-induced bone gain was, however, PRL independent and may have resulted from the increased cortical thickness. 

Bone trabeculae were modestly changed during pregnancy as evaluated by bone histomorphometry. On the other hand, 

lactating rats, especially in late lactation, showed massive bone loss in bone trabeculae but not in cortical shells. Further 

study in Bromo- and Bromo+PRL-treated rats suggested that PRL contributed to decreases in trabecular bone volume and 

number and increases in trabecular separation and eroded surface, as well as a paradoxical increase in bone formation rate in 

late lactation. Uncoupling of trabecular bone formation and resorption was evident in lactating rats, with the latter being 

predominant. In conclusion, pregnancy mainly induced cortical bone gain, whereas lactation led to trabecular bone loss in 

both long bones and vertebrae. Although PRL was not responsible for the pregnancy-induced bone gain, it was an important 

regulator of bone modeling during lactation. Copyright © 2010 the American Physiological Society. 

No.1405 

Author (s) : Suntornsaratoon, P., Wongdee, K., Krishnamra, N., Charoenphandhu, N. 

Title : Femoral bone mineral density and bone mineral content in bromocriptine-treated pregnant and lactating rats 

Source : Journal of Physiological Sciences, Volume 60, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 1-8 


Keywords : Bone density; Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA); Femur; Lactation; Pregnancy 

Abstract : Since hyperprolactinemia was found to induce osteopenia in the metaphysis of long bone in non-mated female rats, 

pregnant and lactating rats with sustainedly high plasma prolactin (PRL) levels might also exhibit some changes in their long 

bones. We performed a longitudinal study in pregnant, lactating and post-weaning rats, using dual-energy X-ray 

absorptiometry to demonstrate site-specific changes (i.e., metaphysis vs. diaphysis) in femoral bone mineral density (BMD) and 

content (BMC). The results showed that femoral metaphyseal BMD and BMC were higher when compared to their agematched 

controls during pregnancy, before decreasing in late lactation and post-weaning. On the other hand, femoral 

diaphyseal BMC increased during pregnancy, early lactating and mid-lactating periods without change during late lactation and 

post-weaning. After 7 days of bromocriptine administration which inhibited endogenous PRL secretion, the lactation-induced 

increases in BMC during early and mid-lactating periods were abolished. Moreover, a decrease in metaphyseal BMD during 

late lactation was restored to the control levels by bromocriptine. However, bromocriptine did not antagonize the pregnancyinduced 

increases in BMD and BMC. It could be concluded that the effect of PRL on bone was variable during the 

reproductive periods. While having no effect on femoral BMD and BMC during pregnancy, PRL was responsible for bone gain 

in early and mid-lactating periods, but induced bone loss during late lactating period. © 2009 The Physiological Society of 

Japan and Springer. 

No.1406 

Author (s) : Suntornsaratoon, P., Wongdee, K., Krishnamra, N., Charoenphandhu, N. 

Title : Possible chondroregulatory role of prolactin on the tibial growth plate of lactating rats 

Source : Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Volume 134, Issue 5, November 2010, Pages 483-491 


Keywords : Cartilage; Chondrocytes; Goldner's trichrome; Hyperprolactinemia; Immunohistochemistry; Prolactin receptor 

Abstract : Besides calcium accretion in the cortical envelope, a marked increase in the length of long bone was observed in pregnant 

and lactating rats, and thus the growth plate change was anticipated. Since several bone changes, such as massive trabecular 

bone resorption in late lactation, were found to be prolactin (PRL)-dependent, PRL may also be responsible for the maternal 

bone elongation. Herein, we investigated the growth plate change and possible chondroregulatory roles of PRL in the tibiae of 

rats at mid-pregnancy until 15 days postweaning. We found that the tibial length of lactating rats was increased and was 

inversely correlated with the total growth plate height, as well as the heights of proliferating zone (PZ) and hypertrophic zone 

(HZ), but not the resting zone (RZ). Chondrocytes in all zones expressed PRL receptors as visualized by 

immunohistochemistry, suggesting that the growth plate cartilage was a target of PRL action. Further investigations in lactating 

rats treated with an inhibitor of pituitary PRL release, bromocriptine, with or without PRL supplement, revealed the PRLinduced 

decreases in total growth plate height and HZ height from early to late lactation. However, decreases in RZ and PZ 

heights were observed only in late and mid-lactation, respectively. Thus, this was the first report on the chondroregulatory 

action of PRL on the growth plate of long bone in lactating rats. The results provided better understanding of the maternal 

bone adaptation during lactation. © 2010 Springer-Verlag. 

511


No.1407 

Author (s) : Suntornsuk, L. 

Title : Recent advances of capillary electrophoresis in pharmaceutical analysis 

Source : Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Volume 398, Issue 1, September 2010, Pages 29-52 


Keywords : Active pharmaceutical ingredient; Biological fluid; Capillary electrophoresis; Chiral separation; Impurity 

Abstract : This review covers recent advances of capillary electrophoresis (CE) in pharmaceutical analysis. The principle, instrumentation, 

and conventional modes of CE are briefly discussed. Advances in the different CE techniques (non-aqueous CE, 

microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography, capillary isotachophoresis, capillary electrochromatography, and 

immunoaffinity CE), detection techniques (mass spectrometry, light-emitting diode, fluorescence, chemiluminescence, and 

contactless conductivity), on-line sample pretreatment (flow injection) and chiral separation are described. Applications of CE 

to assay of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), drug impurity testing, chiral drug separation, and determination of APIs in 

biological fluids published from 2008 to 2009 are tabulated. © 2010 Springer-Verlag. 

No.1408 

Author (s) : Suntornsuk, L., Ployngam, S. 

Title : Simultaneous determination of R-(-)-, S-(+)-baclofen and impurity A by electrokinetic chromatography 

Source : Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, Volume 51, Issue 3, 5 February 2010, Pages 541-548 


Keywords : Baclofen enantiomers; Cyclodextrin; Electrokinetic chromatography; Impurity A; Polyethylene oxide 

Abstract : A rapid method for the simultaneous analysis of R-(-)-, S-(+)-baclofen and impurity A, (4RS)-4-(4-chlorophenyl) pyrrolidin-2one, 

by electrokinetic chromatography was established. The optimized condition was in 100 mM sodium borate buffer (pH 

9.9) containing 18 mM α-cyclodextrin (CD) and 1% (v/v) ACN using a fused-silica capillary dynamically coated with 

polyethylene oxide (PEO), with an effective length of 56 cm and an inner diameter of 50 μm, hydrodynamic injection at 50 

mbar for 6 s, temperature of 45 °C, applied voltage of 27 kV and UV detection at 220 nm. Baseline separation of all analytes 

was achieved within 9 min (Rs > 2.7) with the migration order of impurity A, S-(+)- and R-(-)-baclofen. The method showed 

good linearity (r2 > 0.999 in a range of 5-50 μg/mL for impurity A and 50-500 μg/mL for baclofen enantiomers), precision 

(%RSDs < 3.37%) and recoveries (100.3% for R-(-)-baclofen, 101.6% for S-(+)-baclofen and 96.1% for impurity A). Detection 

and quantitation limits were 10 and 30 μg/mL for both enantiomers, and 2 and 5 μg/mL for the impurity, respectively. The 

method was efficient for the determination of baclofen enantiomers and impurity A in pharmaceutical raw material and 

formulations due to its reliability, speed and simplicity. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.1409 

Author (s) : Supa, W., Naruedomkul, K., Cercone, N. 

Title : Computer support for mathematical word problem solving: Guided by Thai teachers' views 

Source : CSEDU 2010 - 2nd International Conference on Computer Supported Education, Proceedings, Volume 1, 2010, Pages 245-250 


Keywords : Mathematical word problem; Natural language understanding; Teachers' views; Word problem solving 

Abstract : This study investigates Thai teachers' views in teaching and learning mathematical word problem, and the technology 

implementation to enhance teaching and learning mathematical word problem. Data were collected by use of semistructured 

interviews with 24 mathematics teachers. The result of this study showed that the students' major difficulty in 

solving mathematical word problem lies in the understanding of the problem and the translation of the problem into 

equations. Therefore, the teachers' suggestions led to the design of a tool to help improve students' performance in solving 

mathematical word problem. 

No.1410 

Author (s) : Supakdamrongkul, P., Bhumiratana, A., Wiwat, C. 

Title : Characterization of an extracellular lipase from the biocontrol fungus, Nomuraea rileyi MJ, and its toxicity toward Spodoptera 

litura 

Source : Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, Volume 105, Issue 3, November 2010, Pages 228-235 


512


Keywords : Biocontrol fungus; Biological control; Conidial germination; Entomopathogenic fungus; Enzymatic 

characterization; Extracellular lipase; Hydrolytic enzyme; Nomuraea rileyi; Spodoptera litura; Triacylglycerides 

Abstract : An extracellular lipase from Nomuraea rileyi MJ was purified 23.9-fold with 1.69% yield by ammonium sulfate precipitation 

followed by Sephacryl S-100 HR column chromatography. By mass spectrometry and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, 

the molecular weight of the homogenous lipase was 81kDa. The N-terminal sequence was determined as 

LeuSerValGluGlnThrLysLeuSerLysLeuAlaTyrAsnAsp and it showed no homology to sequences of known lipases. The optimum 

pH and temperature for activity were 8.0 and 35°C, respectively. The enzyme was stable in the pH range 7.0-9.0 and at 15- 

35°C for 1h. Higher activity was observed in the presence of surfactants, Na+, NH4+ ions, NaN3 and 

ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), while Co2+ and Cu2+ ions, cysteine and dithiothreitol (DTT) strongly inhibited activity. 

The purified lipase hydrolyzed both synthetic and natural triglycerides with maximum activity for trilaurin and coconut oil, 

respectively. It also hydrolyzed esters of p-nitrophenol (pNP) with highest activity for p-nitrophenyl caprate (pNPCA). The 

purified lipase was found to promote N. rileyi spore germination in vitro in that germination reached 98% in conidial 

suspensions containing purified lipase at 2.75 U. Moreover, it enhanced toxicity of N. rileyi toward Spodoptera litura larvae 

with mortality via topical application reaching 63.3% at 4-10days post-treatment which calculated to be 2.7 times higher than 

the mortality obtained using conidial suspensions alone. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. 

No.1411 

Author (s) : Supakdamrongkul, P.; Bhumiratana, A.; Wiwat, C. 

Title : Optimization of extracellular lipase production from the biocontrol fungus Nomuraea rileyi 

Source : BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, Volume: 20, Issue: 6, Pages: 595-604, DOI: 10.1080/09583151003661177, Published: 



Keywords : biocontrol fungus; extracellular lipase; hydrolytic enzyme; lipase activity; Nomuraea rileyi; production 

Abstract : Lipases are important cuticle-degrading enzymes that hydrolyze the ester bonds of waxes, fats and lipoproteins during the 

infection of insects by the fungus Nomuraea rileyi. Lipase production by the N. rileyi strain MJ was optimized by varying 

environmental and nutritional conditions in culture medium containing different vegetable oils at various concentrations with 

shaking at 150 rpm for 8 days at 25 degrees C. The maximum lipase production was obtained using castor oil (30.5 +/- 0.6 U 

mL(-1)), followed in order by coconut oil (20.8 +/- 0.4 U mL(-1)), olive oil (20.8 +/- 0.4 U mL(-1)) and cottonseed oil (20.6 +/- 

0.4 U mL(-1)). The highest lipase activity (37.7 +/- 0.4 U mL(-1)) was obtained when castor oil was used at a concentration of 

4% (v/v) of basal medium. When the surfactant Tween 80 was added at the fourth day rather than at the beginning of 

incubation, a maximum lipase activity of 44.9 +/- 3.5 U mL(-1) was obtained. The optimal temperature and pH for lipase 

production were 25 degrees C and pH 8.0, respectively. This is the first report on lipase production by the biocontrol fungus 

N. rileyi. 

No.1412 

Author (s) : Suparb, A.; Monrudee, P. 

Title : Osteoporosis knowledge, health beliefs and preventive behavior in older women living in a rural area 

Source : JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING, Volume: 19, Supplement: 1, Pages: 26-26, Published: OCT 2010 




No.1413 

Author (s) : Supasai, T., Dangtip, S., Learngarunsri, P., Boonyopakorn, N., Wisitsoraat, A., Hodak, S.K. 

Title : Influence of temperature annealing on optical properties of SrTiO3/BaTiO3 multilayered films on indium tin oxide 

Source : Applied Surface Science, Volume 256, Issue 14, 1 May 2010, Pages 4462-4467 


Keywords : Annealing; Multilayers; Optical properties; Perovskites; Sol-gel 

Abstract : We have prepared SrTiO3/BaTiO3 thin films with multilayered structures deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass by a 

sol-gel deposition and heating at 300-650° C. The optical properties were obtained by UV-vis spectroscopy. The films show a 

high transmittance (approximately 85%) in the visible region. The optical band gap of the films is tunable in the 3.64-4.19 eV 

range by varying the annealing temperature. An abrupt decrease towards the bulk band gap value is observed at annealing 

513


temperatures above 600° C. The multilayered film annealed at 650° C exhibited the maximum refractive index of 2.09-1.91 in 

the 450-750 nm wavelength range. The XRD and AFM results indicate that the films annealed above 600° C are substantially 

more crystalline than the films prepared at lower temperatures which were used to change their optical band gap and 

complex refractive index to an extent that depended on the annealing temperature. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.1414 

Author (s) : Suphamungmee, W., Chansela, P., Weerachatyanukul, W., Poomtong, T., Vanichviriyakit, R., Sobhon, P. 

Title : Ultrastructure, composition, and possible roles of the egg coats in haliotis asinine 

Source : Journal of Shellfish Research, 2010, November 1, 29 (3), pp. 687-697. 


Keywords : abalone; acrosome reaction; egg jelly coat; Haliotis asinina; motility; vitelline envelope 

Abstract : Spawned eggs of a tropical abalone Haliotis asinina have 2 protective barriers: the egg jelly coat and the vitelline envelope. At 

the electron microscopic level, the egg jelly is composed of a network of large fibers (4050 nm thick) cross-linked by smaller 

fibers (1520 nm thick), whereas the vitelline envelope is a thin, tough sheet containing pores that might be channels for 

sperm contact and entry. Electrophoretically, the egg jelly contains 2 major glycoproteins at 107 kDa and 178 kDa, whereas 

the vitelline envelope contains a broad spectrum of protein bands ranging from 15200 kDa, which also includes the 

corresponding egg jelly protein bands. Glycoproteins of egg jelly and vitelline envelope exhibit strong cross-reactivities, and 

they appear in late oocytes (Oc4, Oc5). Glucose is the major sugar composition of both egg jelly and vitelline envelope 

glycoproteins, whereas minor proportions of arabinose, fructose, galactose, and fucose are present in both the egg jelly and 

vitelline envelope. Our findings suggest that a sperm acrosome reaction could be induced by isolated vitelline envelope 

glycoproteins, whereas acceleration of sperm motility could be stimulated by egg jelly glycoproteins. 

No.1415 

Author (s) : Suphamungmee, W., Engsusophon, A., Vanichviriyakit, R., Sretarugsa, P., Chavadej, J., Poomtong, T., Linthong, V., Sobhon, P. 

Title : Proportion of sperm and eggs for maximal in vitro fertilization in haliotis asinina and the chronology of early development 



Keywords : abalone; early development; egg; fertilization; Haliotis asinina; sperm 

Abstract : To obtain the highest yield during in vitro fertilization of tropical abalone Haliotis asinina, optimal proportion of the gametes, 

the timing of sperm-egg interaction, and subsequent development were investigated. The highest yield of fertilization (75%) 

with fewest abnormal eggs was obtained when incubating eggs and sperm at the ratio of 1:100 in seawater with a salinity of 

27.5 ppt, a pH of 7.8, and a temperature range from 2729°C. After incubation, sperm swim through the eggjelly coat and 

become bound to the vitelline envelope within 30 sec, followed by an acrosomal reaction at 1 min. The fertilized egg 

extrudes the first and second polar bodies at 810 min, and then the zygote begins cleavage at 1520 min. This is followed by 

the second cleavage, and development through the stages of blastula, gastrula, trochophore, veliger, and early creeping 

larvae, which were completed within 3 days. Noticeably, occurrence of egg jelly condensation after penetration of the first 

sperm would not allow other sperm bind to the egg jelly and to penetrate through its vitelline envelope. This event is 

thought to be a weak blocking against polyspermy, because the classic cortical reaction initiated by cortical granule 

exocytosis could not be observed in this species. 

No.1416 

Author (s) : Suppapittayaporn, D., Emarat, N., Arayathanitkul, K. 

Title : The effectiveness of peer instruction and structured inquiry on conceptual understanding of force and motion: A case study 

from Thailand 

Source : Research in Science and Technological Education, Volume 28, Issue 1, April 2010, Pages 63-79 


Keywords : Conceptual change; Force and motion; Peer instruction; Structured inquiry 

Abstract : This study proposed to investigate the effectiveness of learning activities based on a conceptual change theoretical 

framework by embedding a peer instruction method with structured inquiry (PISI) on tenth grade students' understanding of 

force and motion concepts. This teaching method was compared to the existing traditional instruction (TI). Alternative 

conceptions of force and motion were determined through related literature and a preliminary study, carried out prior to 

instruction, was used for designing the teaching plans. A standardized test, Force and Motion Conceptual Evaluation (FMCE), 

514


was used to probe students' conceptual understanding of the subject. The data were obtained from 156 students in the 

treatment group taught with the PISI and 119 students in the control group taught with the TI. Hake's normalized gain 

indicated that the effectiveness of the TI was low (0.14) while the effectiveness of the PISI was medium (0.45). The Repeated 

Measures ANOVA comparing the pre- and post-test change in each and overall scales of the FMCE between the two groups 

was significant (p


No.1419 

Author (s) : Suputtamongkol, K., Wonglamsam, A., Eiampongpaiboon, T., Malla, S., Anusavice, K.J. 

Title : Surface roughness resulting from wear of lithia-disilicate-based posterior crowns 

Source : Wear, Volume 269, Issue 3-4, June 2010, Pages 317-322 


Keywords : Ceramic crown; Clinical; Roughness; Surface 

Abstract : The objective of this study was to determine the surface roughness that occurred as a result of wear of all-ceramic crowns 

after 2 years of intraoral service. The ceramic material used in this study was a lithia-disilicate-based all-ceramic core ceramic 

and a glass-phase veneer ceramic. Posterior bilayer crowns were made for 30 subjects, who were recalled annually. At each 

recall time, the quality of crowns and adjacent gingival tissues were examined for acceptability, and impressions were made 

for replica models. The occlusal contacts of each ceramic crown were identified and surface roughness (Ra) measurement 

was performed on the replica model using a contact profilometer. Mean surface roughness values were analyzed using a 

repeated measure ANOVA. The wear patterns of contact surfaces were also characterized using a scanning electron 

microscope. From 30 ceramic crowns, 12 premolars and 13 molars were used for surface roughness measurements. For molar 

crowns, the surface roughness (Ra) at baseline was 1.76±0.43μm and the roughness significantly increased after 1 year and 2 

years (p<0.05). For premolar crowns, the increase in roughness values was significantly different only after 2 years from 

1.49±0.22 to 1.9±0.44μm (p<0.05). Roughening of ceramic surfaces was observed over the entire occlusal area, especially in 

the contact zones. Loss of superficial ceramic material as a result of microfracture was the reason for surface roughening. In 

conclusion, the surface roughness of ceramic crowns was significantly increased after 2 years. The increase in surface 

roughness indicated the degradation of the ceramic crown surfaces over time that resulted from the wear process. © 2010 

Elsevier B.V. 

No.1420 

Author (s) : Suputtamongkol, Y., Pongtavornpinyo, W., Lubell, Y., Suttinont, C., Hoontrakul, S., Phimda, K., Losuwanaluk, K., Suwancharoen, 

D., Silpasakorn, S., Chierakul, W., Day, N. 

Title : Strategies for diagnosis and treatment of suspected leptospirosis: A cost-benefit analysis 

Source : PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Volume 4, Issue 2, February 2010, Article number e610 


Keywords : doxycycline, antiinfective agent; article, controlled study, cost benefit analysis, diagnostic procedure, drug 

cost, fever, human, lateral flow test, latex test, leptospirosis, micro capsule agglutination test, outcome assessment, sensitivity 

and specificity, adolescent, adult, aged, case management, comparative study, economics, female, male, middle 

aged, time, treatment outcome; Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Case 

Management, Doxycycline, Female, Humans, Leptospirosis, Male, Middle Aged, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Young 

Adult 

Abstract : Background: Symptoms and signs of leptospirosis are non-specific. Several diagnostic tests for leptospirosis are available and 

in some instances are being used prior to treatment of leptospirosis-suspected patients. There is therefore a need to evaluate 

the cost-effectiveness of the different treatment strategies in order to avoid misuse of scarce resources and ensure best 

possible health outcomes for patients. Methods: The study population was adult patients, presented with uncomplicated 

acute febrile illness, without an obvious focus of infection or malaria or typical dengue infection. We compared the cost and 

effectiveness of 5 management strategies: 1) no patients tested or given antibiotic treatment; 2) all patients given empirical 

doxycycline treatment; patients given doxycycline when a patient is tested positive for leptospirosis using: 3) lateral flow; 4) 

MCAT; 5) latex test. The framework used is a cost-benefit analysis, accounting for all direct medical costs in diagnosing and 

treating patients suspected of leptospirosis. Outcomes are measured in length of fever after treatment which is then 

converted to productivity losses to capture the full economic costs. Findings: Empirical doxycycline treatment was the most 

efficient strategy, being both the least costly alternative and the one that resulted in the shortest duration of fever. The 

limited sensitivity of all three diagnostic tests implied that their use to guide treatment was not cost-effective. The most 

influential parameter driving these results was the cost of treating patients with complications for patients who did not 

receive adequate treatment as a result of incorrect diagnosis or a strategy of no-antibiotic-treatment. Conclusions: Clinicians 

should continue treating suspected cases of leptospirosis on an empirical basis. This conclusion holds true as long as policy 

makers are not prioritizing the reduction of use of antibiotics, in which case the use of the latex test would be the most 

efficient strategy. © 2010 Suputtamongkol et al. 

516


No.1421 

Author (s) : Surakul, P.; Vanichviriyakit, R.; Weerachatyanukul, W. A.; Jutapakdeegul, N. 

Title : Repeated maternal restraint stress down-regulated NMDA receptor subunits and scaffolding proteins in the hippocampus of 

postnatal rat 

Source : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROSCIENCE, Volume: 28, Issue: 8, Special Issue: SI, Pages: 686-686, DOI: 

10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2010.07.133, Published: DEC 2010 




No.1422 

Author (s) : Surapolchai, P., Hongeng, S., Mahachoklertwattana, P., Pakakasama, S., Winaichatsak, A., Wisanuyothin, N., Pasomsub, E., 

Mahasirimongkol, S., Sirachainan, N. 

Title : Impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Prevalence and risk 

factors 

Source : Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Volume 32, Issue 5, July 2010, Pages 383-389 


Keywords : Acute lymphoblastic leukemia; Children; Impaired glucose tolerance; Survivor 

Abstract : Aim/Purpose: Survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are at increased risks of impaired glucose metabolism, insulin 

resistance, and metabolic syndrome. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of alterations in glucose 

metabolism and the predisposing factors of these disturbances in survivors of childhood ALL. Patients and methods: in 131 

ALL survivors, an oral glucose tolerance test was conducted to determine β-cell function/insulin sensitivity. The particular risk 

factors were analyzed and 6 single nucleotide polymorphisms of diabetic predisposing genes: PAX4 and TCF7L2 were 

genotyped to evaluate the association between these factors and β-cell function/insulin sensitivity. Results: Ten out of 131 

survivors (7.6%) had impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) whereas 40 out of 131 (30.5%) had insulin resistance (IR) and showed 

characteristics of the metabolic syndrome (hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and low HDL-C). in the logistic regression 

analysis, the most important factor predicting IGT and IR was older age of survivors (p = 0.014 and P < 0.001, respectively) 

whereas the PAX4 R192H mutation (rs2233580) was significantly associated with IGT after adjustment for age (P = 0.043) 

(adjusted OR 5.28, 95% CI 1.06-26.40). Conclusions: Existing evidence suggests that older age is an independent risk factor for 

developing IGT and IR in childhood ALL survivors, emphasizing the need for life-long metabolic screening. The PAX4 variant 

might impact individual susceptibility against IGT and diabetes. However, an identification of underlying risk(s) is the rational 

for future studies. Copyright © 2010 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 

No.1423 

Author (s) : Suriyaprom, K., Namjuntra, P., Thawnasom, K., Pimainok, Y., Tungtrongchitr, R. 

Title : Association between cigarette smoking and metabolic syndrome in Thais 

Source : International Journal of Health Research, Volume 3, Issue 4, December 2010, Pages 205-212 


Keywords : Anthropometric variables; Biochemical parameters; Cigarette pack-years; Modified NCEP/ATP III criteria; Smoker 

Abstract : Purpose: To investigate the relationship between metabolic syndrome as defined by using the modified NCEP/ATP III criteria 

[modified the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP)/Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) criteria] and cigarette smoking 

in Thai subjects. Methods: This study was carried out among 254 smokers and 144 nonsmokers from suburban and urban 

residential areas in Bangkok, Thailand. All anthropometric variables, blood pressures, resting heart rate and biochemical 

parameters in each subject were measured. Results: The anthropometric variables, biochemical parameters, blood pressures 

and resting heart rate were not significantly different between smokers and nonsmokers, except for white blood cell count 

(WBC). Cigarette smoking was associated with increased risk for metabolic syndrome (OR =1.97; 95% CI=1.11-3.42) and the 

percentages of metabolic syndrome in smoker and nonsmoker Thais were 22.8% and 13.2%, respectively. Moreover, the 

number of cigarette smoking per day showed significant association with metabolic syndrome (p=0.047). Logistic regression 

analysis revealed that cigarette pack-years, resting heart rate, body mass index (BMI) and total cholesterol were significantly 

increased risk factors for metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: The current findings suggest that cigarette smoking is associated 

with the increased risk of metabolic syndrome by using the modified NCEP/ATP III criteria in Thais. © Poracom Academic 

Publishers. All rights reserved. 

517


No.1424 

Author (s) : Suriyaprom, K., Phonrat, B., Namjuntra, P., Harnroongroj, T., Tungtrongchitr, R. 

Title : The-11377C > G adiponectin gene polymorphism alters the adiponectin concentration and the susceptibility to type 2 

diabetes in Thais 

Source : International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research, Volume 80, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 216-224 


Keywords : Adiponectin; Gene polymorphism; Thais; Type 2 diabetes 

Abstract : The aims of this study were first to detect the levels of adiponectin, insulin, albumin, glucose, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), 

lipids, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMAIR), and anthropometric variables in type 2 diabetes 

mellitus (T2DM) as well as healthy control groups, and to determine whether two adiponectin gene polymorphisms, at the 

position-11377C > G as well as +45T > G, are associated with serum levels of adiponectin and other variables; then to search 

for the association between these two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the adiponectin gene and T2DM. We 

investigated 93 T2DM patients and 90 healthy volunteers. Compared with the healthy control group, the T2DM group had 

significantly lower adiponectin levels. Waist circumference, total cholesterol, ALT, glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR scores were 

significantly higher in the T2DM group than in the control group. The polymorphism of the adiponectin gene at position- 

11377C > G among type 2 diabetes subjects showed that the adiponectin concentration was significantly lower in CG/GG 

genotypes (6.2 μg/mL) than the CC genotype (7.8 μg/mL), whereas SNP +45T > G was not associated with adiponectin levels. 

Adiponectin gene polymorphisms at position-11377C > G and +45T > G were significantly more frequent in type 2 diabetes 

patients than in the control group (p = 0.022; p = 0.045, respectively). However, multivariate logistic regression analysis 

showed that the strong impact on T2DM was found for-11377C > G gene polymorphism (p = 0.023) and waist circumference 

(p < 0.001). Therefore, the single nucleotide polymorphism of-11377C > G in adiponectin promoter region has impact on the 

lower adiponectin concentrations, and may influence susceptibility to T2DM in Thais. © Hogrefe & Huber Publishers. 

No.1425 

Author (s) : Sutapun, B., Somboonkaew, A., Amrit, R., Porntheeraphat, S., Houngkamhang, N., Srikhirin, T. 

Title : A multichannel SPR biosensor with a fixed detection system 

Source : Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, Volume 7853, 2010, Article number 78530Q 


Keywords : Biosensor; Multichannel detection; Optical biosensor; SPR; Surface plasmon resonance 

Abstract : Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors with spectral interrogation provide a high refractive index resolution, a large 

dynamic range and a fixed optical detection module. In this work, we propose a new spectral detection unit that uses only 

one spectrometer to measure the SPR spectrum from multiple sensing spots rapidly and serially without any mechanical 

movement. This spectral detection unit is designed based on a spatial light modulator (SLM) configured as a programmable 

optical aperture for the spectrometer. To demonstrate this concept, a five-channel SPR sensor was built based on the 

proposed multichannel detection unit and we evaluated the device performance using a refractive index test. The average 

device refractive index resolution was 1.4 × 10 -6 refractive index units (RIU). © 2010 SPIE. 

No.1426 

Author (s) : Suthammarak, W., Morgan, P.G., Sedensky, M.M. 

Title : Mutations in mitochondrial complex III uniquely affect complex I in Caenorhabditis elegans 

Source : Journal of Biological Chemistry, Volume 285, Issue 52, 24 December 2010, Pages 40724-40731 


Keywords : Caenorhabditis elegans, Complex i, Electron transport chain, Enzymatic activities, Mitochondrial complex, Mutant 

analysis, Respiratory chains, Stabilizing factors, Supercomplex; Mitochondria; Complexation; iron sulfur protein, iron sulfur 

protein 1, mitochondrial complex IV, mitochondrial DNA, protein ctb 1, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 

dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), ubiquinol cytochrome c reductase, unclassified drug; article, Caenorhabditis elegans, enzyme 

activity, enzyme analysis, enzyme stability, gene mutation, mitochondrial respiration, nonhuman, phenotype, priority 

journal, protein interaction, proteomics; Animals, Caenorhabditis elegans, Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins, DNA, 

Helminth, DNA, Mitochondrial, Electron Transport Complex I, Electron Transport Complex III, Mitochondria, Mutation; 

Caenorhabditis elegans 

Abstract : Mitochondrial supercomplexes containing complexes I, III, and IV of the electron transport chain are now regarded as an 

established entity. Supercomplex I·III·IV has been theorized to improve respiratory chain function by allowing quinone 

518


channeling between complexes I and III. Here, we show that the role of the supercomplexes extends beyond channeling. 

Mutant analysis in Caenorhabditis elegans reveals that complex III affects supercomplex I·III·IV formation by acting as an 

assembly or stabilizing factor. Also, a complex III mtDNA mutation, ctb-1, inhibits complex I function by weakening the 

interaction of complex IV in supercomplex I·III·IV. Other complex III mutations inhibit complex I function either by decreasing 

the amount of complex I (isp-1), or decreasing the amount of complex I in its most active form, the I·III·IV supercomplex (isp- 

1;ctb-1). ctb-1 suppresses a nuclear encoded complex III defect, isp-1, without improving complex III function. Allosteric 

interactions involve all three complexes within the supercomplex and are necessary for maximal enzymatic activities. © 2010 

by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc. 

No.1427 

Author (s) : Sutherland, C.J., Tanomsing, N., Nolder, D., Oguike, M., Jennison, C., Pukrittayakamee, S., Dolecek, C., Hien, T.T., Do Rosário, 

V.E., Arez, A.P., Pinto, J., Michon, P., Escalante, A.A., Nosten, F., Burke, M., Lee, R., Blaze, M., Otto, T.D., Barnwell, J.W., Pain, A., 

Williams, J., White, N.J., Day, N.P.J., Snounou, G., Lockhart, P.J., Chiodini, P.L., Imwong, M., Polley, S.D. 

Title : Two nonrecombining sympatric forms of the human malaria parasite plasmodium ovale occur globally 

Source : Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 201, Issue 10, 15 May 2010, Pages 1544-1550 


Keywords : Africa, article, Asia, cell lineage, controlled study, gene amplification, gene locus, gene segregation, gene sequence, genetic 

analysis, genetic trait, hominid, leaf dimorphism, malaria, multilocus sequence 

typing, Myanmar, Nigeria, nonhuman, nucleotide sequence, parasite isolation, phylogeny, Plasmodium ovale, priority 

journal, Sao Tome and Principe, sequence analysis, Sierra Leone, species identification, sympatry, Uganda, United 

Kingdom, animal, classification, genetic variability, genetics, genotype, health, human, parasitology; ribosome RNA; 

Animals, Genetic Variation, Genotype, Humans, Malaria, Phylogeny, Plasmodium ovale, RNA, Ribosomal, World Health 

Abstract : Background. Malaria in humans is caused by apicomplexan parasites belonging to 5 species of the genus Plasmodium. 

Infections with Plasmodium ovale are widely distributed but rarely investigated, and the resulting burden of disease is not 

known. Dimorphism in defined genes has led to P ovale parasites being divided into classic and variant types. We 

hypothesized that these dimorphs represent distinct parasite species. Methods. Multilocus sequence analysis of 6 genetic 

characters was carried out among 55 isolates from 12 African and 3 Asia-Pacific countries. Results. Each genetic character 

displayed complete dimorphism and segregated perfectly between the 2 types. Both types were identified in samples from 

Ghana, Nigeria, São Tomé, Sierra Leone, and Uganda and have been described previously in Myanmar. Splitting of the 2 

lineages is estimated to have occurred between 1.0 and 3.5 million years ago in hominid hosts. Conclusions. We propose that 

P ovale comprises 2 nonrecombining species that are sympatric in Africa and Asia. We speculate on possible scenarios that 

could have led to this speciation. Furthermore, the relatively high frequency of imported cases of symptomatic P ovale 

infection in the United Kingdom suggests that the morbidity caused by ovale malaria has been underestimated. © 2010 by 

the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. 

No.1428 

Author (s) : Suthikeeree, W., Lertdomrongdej, L., Charoensak, A. 

Title : Diagnostic performance of CT findings in differentiation of perforated from nonperforated appendicitis 



Keywords : CT findings; Perforated appendicitis 

Abstract : Objective: To assess performance of CT finding in differentiation of perforated from non-perforated appendicitis in Siriraj 

hospital, Bangkok, Thailand and evaluate accuracy of each finding by using multidetector row computer tomography (MDCT). 

Material and Method: Between June 2006 and May 2009, all adult patients (age more than 15 years) who had a diagnosis of 

acute appendicitis in Siriraj Hospital that was confirmed by pathology or surgical records and received a CT scan whole 

abdomen or lower abdomen with contrast administration before surgical or medical treatment were included in this study. 

The 48 consecutive CTs of whole or lower abdomen examinations were retrospectively reviewed by two radiologists. 

Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CT compared with pathologic or surgical findings. Results: In 48 patients, 21 patients of 

non-perforated appendicitis and 27 patients of perforated appendicitis were enrolled. The CT findings of abscess, extraluminal 

appendicolith, and extraluminal air had the highest specificities for perforated appendicitis, 95.24%, 100%, 95.24%, 

respectively. The best accurate finding was defect in enhancing appendiceal wall. The CT findings of enlarged mesenteric 

lymph nodes at right lower quadrant region and defect in enhancing appendiceal wall had the highest sensitivities, 88.88% 

519


and 88.46%, respectively. Group 3 of combined specific findings had the best sensitivity (92.59%) and accuracy (83.3%). 

Conclusion: Multi-detector CT can help to differentiate perforated from non-perforated appendicitis. 

No.1429 

Author (s) : Suthisisang, C.C., Poolsup, N., Suksomboon, N., Lertpipopmetha, V., Tepwitukgid, B. 

Title : Meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of naproxen sodium in the acute treatment of migraine 

Source : Headache, Volume 50, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages 808-818 


Keywords : Acute treatment; Meta-analysis; Migraine; Naproxen sodium; Systematic review 

Abstract : Objective. - To assess the efficacy and safety of naproxen sodium in the treatment of acute migraine attacks. Background. - 

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs including naproxen sodium have been used in treating migraine attack. A number of 

clinical trials of naproxen sodium in migraine have been reported. However, it remains to be established whether naproxen 

sodium unequivocally offers clinical benefits taken into account the desired outcomes in acute migraine therapy as 

recommended by the International Headache Society. Methods. - Clinical trials were identified through electronic searches 

(MEDLINE, EMBASE, EBM review, and the Cochrane Library) up to June 2009 and historical searches of relevant articles. Studies 

were included in the meta-analysis if they were (1) double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials that evaluated 

naproxen sodium tablet in moderate or severe migraine attacks in adult patients, and (2) reporting the efficacy in terms of 

headache relief, pain-free, relief of migraine-associated symptoms, sustained headache relief, sustained pain-free, or headache 

recurrence. Data extraction and study quality assessment were performed independently by 2 investigators. Disagreements 

were resolved by a third investigator. Treatment effects and adverse effects were expressed as risk ratio. A random effects 

model was used when significant heterogeneity existed, otherwise the fixed effects model was performed. Results. - We 

identified 16 published randomized controlled trials of naproxen in the treatment of migraine. Four trials met the inclusion 

criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. Naproxen sodium was more effective than placebo in reducing pain intensity 

and providing pain-free within 2 hours in adults with moderate or severe migraine attacks. The pooled risk ratios were 1.58 

(95% confidence interval 'CI'1.41-1.77, P


adolescents. The risk factors for fracture in thalassaemia patients included male gender, beta thalassaemia, splenectomy, 

transfusion and a low body mass index. Conclusion: A high prevalence of fracture is observed among Thais with thalassaemia. 

The aetiology was found to be multifactorial. 

No.1431 

Author (s) : Suttajit, S., Punpuing, S., Jirapramukpitak, T., Tangchonlatip, K., Darawuttimaprakorn, N., Stewart, R., Dewey, M.E., Prince, M., 

Abas, M.A. 

Title : Impairment, disability, social support and depression among older parents in rural Thailand 

Source : Psychological Medicine, Volume 40, Issue 10, October 2010, Pages 1711-1721 


Keywords : Ageing; Asia; depression; developing countries; disability; social support 

Abstract : Background It is not known whether social support modifies the association between depression and impairment or disability 

in older people from developing countries in Asia. Method We used a Thai version of the EURO-D scale to measure 

depression in 1104 Thai rural community-dwelling parents aged 60 years. These were all those providing data on depression 

who were recruited as part of a study of older adults with at least one living child (biological, stepchild or adopted child). 

Logistic regression modelling was used to determine: (a) whether impairment, disability and social support deficits were 

associated with depression; (b) whether social support modified this association. Results There were strong graded 

relationships between impairment, disability, social support deficits and EURO-D caseness. Level of impairment, but not 

disability, interacted with poor social support in that depression was especially likely in those who had more physical 

impairments as well as one or more social support deficits (p value for interaction=0.018), even after full adjustment. 

Conclusions Social support is important in reducing the association between physical impairment and depression in Thai older 

adults, especially for those with a large number of impairments. Enhancing social support as well as improving healthcare and 

disability facilities should be emphasized in interventions to prevent depression in older adults. © Cambridge University Press 


No.1432 

Author (s) : Sutthirak, P., Assavanig, A., Dharmsthiti, S., Lertsiri, S. 

Title : Changes In The Stability And Kinetic Parameters Up On Glycation Of Thermostable A-Amylase From Bacillus Subtilis 

Source : Journal of Food Biochemistry, Volume 34, Issue 6, December 2010, Pages 1157-1171 


Keywords : Acid hydrolysis, Bacillus Subtilis, Glycation, Maltodextrins, pI values, Protein bands; Bacilli, Bacteriology, Hydrolases, Kinetic 

parameters, Methanol, Reaction rates, Starch; Amylases; Bacillus subtilis 

Abstract : Glycation of the thermostable α-amylase, KLE, from Bacillus subtilis occurred during incubation with maltodextrin at 95C. This 

was revealed by the release of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfuraldehyde from the acid hydrolysis of glycated KLE (gKLE), the 

differences in the protein band patterns on SDS and Native-PAGE, and the shifting of the pI value from the range of 5.6-6.5 to 

that of 5.2-6.5. After glycation, the activity of gKLE was still retained. Furthermore, gKLE was more resistant to heat and pH 

compared with the nonglycated enzyme. The Km, reaction rate and efficiency to convert gelatinized cornstarch into 

maltodextrin of KLE were remained unchanged after glycation. This was different from the result obtained for BAN, another 

thermostable α-amylase produced by B. amyloliquefaciens. Glycation in BAN decreased the activity in converting gelatinized 

cornstarch into maltodextrin. Moreover, the stability and kinetic parameters of BAN were found to be negatively affected by 

glycation. © 2010, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 

No.1433 

Author (s) : Suwanjang, W., Phansuwan-Pujito, P., Govitrapong, P., Chetsawang, B. 

Title : The protective effect of melatonin on methamphetamine-induced calpain-dependent death pathway in human 

neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cultured cells 

Source : Journal of Pineal Research, Volume 48, Issue 2, March 2010, Pages 94-101 


Keywords : Calpain; Calpastatin; Cell death; Melatonin; Methamphetamine; Neuroprotection; SH-SY5Y cells 

Abstract : Methamphetamine (METH) is a potent psychostimulant drug that may cause neuronal cell degeneration. The underlying 

mechanisms of METH-induced neuronal toxicity remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated an important role 

of calpain-dependent cascades in methamphetamine-induced toxicity in human dopaminergic neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y 

521


cultured cell lines. In addition, the protective effect of melatonin against METH-induced calpain-dependent death pathway 

was also investigated. The results of this study show that METH significantly decreased cell viability and tyrosine hydroxylase 

phosphorylation in SH-SY5Y cultured cells. Melatonin reversed the toxic effect of METH by inducing cell viability. In addition, 

melatonin was able to restore the reduction in mitochondrial function and phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase in SH- 

SY5Y treated cells. An induction of calpain expression and activity but a reduction of calpain inhibitor (calpastatin) protein 

levels were observed in SH-SY5Y cells treated with METH but these effects were diminished by melatonin. These results 

implicated calpain-dependent death pathways in the processes of METH-induced toxicity and also indicated that melatonin 

has the capacity to reverse this toxic effect in SH-SY5Y cultured cells. © 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S. 

No.1434 

Author (s) : Suwanjang, W.; Phansuwan-Pujito, P.; Govitrapong, P.; Chetsawang, B. 

Title : CALPASTATIN RESCUES ACTIVATION OF CALPAIN PATHWAY IN METHAMPHETAMINE-INDUCED CELL DEATH IN SH-SY5Y 

CULTURED CELLS 





No.1435 

Author (s) : Suwannalert, P., Rattanachitthawat, S., Chaiyasut, C., Riengrojpitak, S. 

Title : High levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] and α-tocopherol prevent oxidative stress in rats that consume Thai brown 

rice 

Source : Journal of Medicinal Plant Research, Volume 4, Issue 2, 18 January 2010, Pages 120-124 


Abstract : Oxidative stress has been proposed to play an important role in the progression of chronic diseases. The red color strain of 

Thai brown rice, a high source of phenolic compounds, may play a crucial role in oxidative stress prevention. In the present 

study, rats were fed with 0% (Control), 10 and 70% Thai brown rice in the mixed food. The serum malondialdehyde (MDA), 

ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), storage vitamin D [25(OH)D3] and α-tocopherol were investigated. The mean value 

of MDA in high and low dose groups was significantly lower than that of the controls in both male and female. FRAP in the 

high dose males was significantly higher than that in the control. Mean value of MDA and α-tocopherol was inversely related 

(r = -0.538, p =0.001). Interestingly, serum 25(OH)D3 of the high dose group was more significant different than that of the 

controls in both males (p = 0.001) and females (p = 0.005). Moreover, MDA level was strongly inversely related to that of 

25(OH)D3 (r = -0.656, p < 0.001). The results indicated that the rats consuming Thai brown rice possessed low level of 

oxidative stress marker, MDA, through both radical and non radical defenses. © 2010 Academic Journals. 

Keywords : α-tocopherol; Non radical; Oxidative stress; Radical; Vitamin D 

No.1436 

Author (s) : Suwannuraks, M.; Sri-Udomporn, N.; Im-Erbsin, T. 

Title : The strategy for creating the competence dentists for management of hemophilia patients in Thailand 





No.1437 

Author (s) : Suwanprathes, P., Won, C., Komoltri, C., Nana, A., Kotchabhakdi, N., Guilleminault, C. 

Title : Epidemiology of sleep-related complaints associated with sleep-disordered breathing in Bangkok, Thailand 

Source : Sleep Medicine, Volume 11, Issue 10, December 2010, Pages 1025-1030 


Keywords : Epidemiology; Excessive daytime sleepiness; Habitual snoring; Prevalence; Sleep-disordered breathing; Thailand 

Abstract : Background: This study assesses the prevalence of and risk factors for sleep-related complaints in Bangkok, Thailand. 

Methods: A representative sample of the Bangkok population was selected based on results of the 2000 Census. A total of 

522


4680 participants underwent face-to-face interview with a 49-question sleep inventory. Results: Four percent of the total 

sampled (5.3% of men and 3.5% of women) complained of habitual snoring (>3 nights/week) and excessive daytime 

sleepiness (>3days/week) for at least 3months. These subjects were significantly (p<0.0001) older (41.4 vs. 36.7years), had 

greater BMI (26.0 vs. 22.8kg/m2), neck size (34.7 vs. 32.5cms), and waist circumference (88.0 vs. 78.7cms). They reported 

significantly shorter nocturnal sleep time, greater frequency of sleep disturbances and awakenings, unrefreshing sleep, choking 

during sleep, night sweats, nocturia, and bruxism. There was also a greater prevalence of cardiovascular and endocrine 

diseases. Multivariate analysis showed that male gender; BMI; waist size; and reports of witnessed apneas, unrefreshing sleep 

and night sweats were significant predictors of snoring and daytime sleepiness. Conclusion: This is the first epidemiologic 

study investigating sleep-related complaints and associated health morbidities in the Thai population. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

No.1438 

Author (s) : Suwansuksree, N., Thamlikitkul, V., Yamwong, P. 

Title : Drug use evaluation of statins at Siriraj Hospital, 2008. 



Keywords : generic drug, hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, simvastatin; adult, aged, article, clinical practice, drug 

use, economics, female, follow up, human, hypercholesterolemia, male, medical record, methodology, middle 

aged, outpatient, retrospective study, risk factor, statistics, Thailand, treatment outcome; Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Drug 

Utilization Review, Drugs, Generic, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase 

Inhibitors, Hypercholesterolemia, Male, Medical Records, Middle Aged, Outpatients, Physician's Practice Patterns, Retrospective 

Studies, Risk Factors, Simvastatin, Thailand, Treatment Outcome 

Abstract : Statins are commonly used for lipid reduction. There is no significant difference in the efficiency of each type of statins. The 

study of statins' efficacy shows that only generic simvastatin is cost-effective in coronary heart disease prevention. OBJECTIVE: 

To determine the use and appropriateness of usage of statins in out-patients attending Siriraj Hospital in 2008. MATERIAL AND 

METHOD: Medical records of all patients in Siriraj Hospital who received statins from January 1st to December 31st, 2008 were 

reviewed. The appropriateness of statins used was analyzed in 247 medical records based on number of risks and 10-year 

risk. RESULTS: There were 105,950 patients who received statins with total value of 308 million baht in 2008. The major 

usages of statins were simvastatin (65%), atorvastatin (12%) and rosuvastatin (6%). However, the costs of statins were 9%, 

42%, and 20% for simvastatin, atorvastatin and rosuvastatin, respectively. Analysis of 247 medical records of the patients who 

received statins showed that statins were appropriately used in 19.4% of cases. Inappropriate use of statins was due to not 

starting drugs treatment with simvastatin, or shifting from simvastatin to other statins inappropriately. CONCLUSION: 

Inappropriate use of statins at Siriraj Hospital is very common. Interventions for promoting more appropriate use of statins 

should be implemented. 

No.1439 

Author (s) : Suwanthanma, W.; Euanorasetr, C. 

Title : ANASTOMOSIS LEAKAGE IN COLORECTAL CANCER SURGERY: A PERSONAL SERIES AND LESSON TO LEARN FOR EARLY DIAGNOSIS 

USING THE LEAKAGE SCORE 

Source : ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY, Volume: 21, Supplement: 6, Pages: 34-34, Published: 2010 




No.1440 

Author (s) : Suwatanapongched, P., Surarit, R., Srisatjaluk, R., Offenbacher, S. 

Title : Translocation of Porphyromonas gingivalis infected monocytes and sssociated cellular responses 



Keywords : ELISA; IL-1β; MCP-1; Monocyte; Monocyte migration; Porphyromonas gingivalis; TEM; TNF-α 

Abstract : Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.gingivalis), an important periodontal pathogen in adult chronic periodontitis, has been reported to 

colocalize in human atheromatous lesions. We have studied the phagocytosis and survival of P.gingivalis in human 

monocytes, together with the cellular responses of infected human monocytes. Human monocytes were cocultured with 

523


P.gingivalis and the external bacteria were killed with metronidazole and gentamycin. Localization of P.gingivalis in cells was 

studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The survival of P. gingivalis was determined by lysing the monocytes and 

plating on blood agar under anaerobic conditions. Interleukin-1 beta (IL- 1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were 

determined using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) kits. The transwell chamber system was used to 

investigate the chemotactic response of the infected cells. TEM showed that P.gingivalis organisms were localized within the 

autophagosome-like structure of monocytes. No significant difference on the survival of P.gingivalis at 0, 4 and 8 h after 

infection was found. IL-1β and TNF-α were present in the cell culture media in response to bacterial challenge. The infected 

monocytes showed a normal chemotactic response to monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1). The number of monocyte 

cells migrating through membrane in the presence and absence of P.gingivalis were 18.64±2.33×104 cells and 19.11±1.76×104 

cells respectively. The number of viable P.gingivalis per monocyte following translocation in response to the chemotactic 

gradient was 5.83±1.45×10-3 CFU/cell. The results indicate that P.gingivalis can stimulate cytokine production and survive in 

monocytes without affecting cell migration. 

No.1441 

Author (s) : Suzuki, T., Osaka, N., Endo, H., Shibayama, M., Ikeda, Y., Asai, H., Higashitani, N., Kokubo, Y., Kohjiya, S. 

Title : Nonuniformity in cross-linked natural rubber as revealed by contrast-variation small-angle neutron scattering 

Source : Macromolecules, Volume 43, Issue 3, 9 February 2010, Pages 1556-1563 


Keywords : Cluster-like structure, Cross-linked natural rubber, Crosslinker, Deuterated solvents, Di-cumyl peroxides, Elastic 

properties, Inhomogeneities, Microscopic structures, Nonuniformity, Partial scattering, Protein aggregates, Small-angle neutron 

scattering, Structural aspects; Deuterium, Neutron diffraction, Oxidation, Proteins, Rubber; Neutron scattering 

Abstract : The microscopic structures of cross-linked natural rubber (NR) were investigated by means of contrast-variation small-angle 

neutron scattering (CV-SANS) coupled with "visualization-by-swelling method" as a function of dicumyl peroxide (DCP; crosslinker) 

content, where the various types of inhomogeneities in the rubber were visualized by swelling with deuterated 

solvent. Detailed analyses of the partial scattering functions of each component confirm the existence of network 

inhomogeneities due to cluster-like structures of polyisoprene chains as well as larger inhomogeneities of protein aggregates. 

The observed partial scattering functions of polyisoprene with different DCP contents clearly exhibited that (1) the network 

inhomogeneities were strongly suppressed by DCP addition and (2) the structure of protein aggregates was not significantly 

influenced by the introduction of the peroxide cross-linking. These nanoscopic structural aspects with respect to the content 

of cross-linker provide better understanding of the elastic properties of NR. © 2010 American Chemical Society. 

No.1442 

Author (s) : Svasti, S., Masaki, S., Penglong, T., Abe, Y., Winichagoon, P., Fucharoen, S., Umemura, T. 

Title : Expression of microRNA-451 in normal and thalassemic erythropoiesis 

Source : Annals of Hematology, Volume 89, Issue 10, October 2010, Pages 953-958 


Keywords : Erythropoiesis; miRNA; Thalassemia 

Abstract : MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are negative regulators of gene expression that play an important role in hematopoiesis. Thalassemia, a 

defective globin synthesis leading to precipitate of excess unbound globins in red blood cell precursors, results in defective 

erythroid precursors and ineffective erythropoiesis. Expression pattern of miR-451, an erythroid-specific miRNA, was analyzed 

during differentiation of erythroid progenitors derived from normal and thalassemic peripheral blood CD34-positive cells, after 

14 days of culture. A biphasic expression with transient up-regulation of miRNA-451 on day 3 of cultures was observed during 

thalassemic erythroid differentiation. In contrast, the expression pattern of the miR-451 in erythroid cells obtained from the 

other extravascular hemolytic anemia, i.e., hereditary spherocytosis patients showed no transient up-regulation of miR-451 on 

day 3 of cultures. Our results suggest that early erythroid progenitors in β-thalassemia have a dysregulated miRNA-451 

expression program, and analysis of microRNA is a relevant approach to determine abnormalities of erythropoiesis. © 2010 


No.1443 

Author (s) : Syhavong, B., Rasachack, B., Smythe, L., Rolain, J.-M., Roque-Afonso, A.-M., Jenjaroen, K., Soukkhaserm, V., Phongmany, S., 

Phetsouvanh, R., Soukkhaserm, S., Thammavong, T., Mayxay, M., Blacksell, S.D., Barnes, E., Parola, P., Dussaix, E., Raoult, D., 

Humphreys, I., Klenerman, P., White, N.J., Newton, P.N. 

524


Title : The infective causes of hepatitis and jaundice amongst hospitalised patients in Vientiane, Laos 

Source : Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 104, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 475-483 


Keywords : Hepatitis E virus; Jaundice; Laos; Leptospirosis; Orientia tsutsugamushi; Rickettsia typhi 

Abstract : There is little information on the diverse infectious causes of jaundice and hepatitis in the Asiatic tropics. Serology (hepatitis A, 

B, C and E, leptospirosis, dengue, rickettsia), antigen tests (dengue), PCR assays (hepatitis A, C and E) and blood cultures 

(septicaemia) were performed on samples from 392 patients admitted with jaundice or raised transaminases (≥×3) to Mahosot 

Hospital, Vientiane, Laos over 3 years. Conservative definitions suggested diagnoses of dengue (8.4%), rickettsioses (7.3%), 

leptospirosis (6.8%), hepatitis B (4.9%), hepatitis C (4.9%), community-acquired septicaemia (3.3%) and hepatitis E (1.6%). 

Although anti-hepatitis A virus (HAV) IgM antibody results suggested that 35.8% of patients had acute HAV infections, anti-HAV 

IgG antibody avidity and HAV PCR suggested that 82% had polyclonal activation and not acute HAV infections. Scrub typhus, 

murine typhus or leptospirosis were present in 12.8% of patients and were associated with meningism and relatively low AST 

and ALT elevation. These patients would be expected to respond to empirical doxycycline therapy which, in the absence of 

virological diagnosis and treatment, may be an appropriate cost-effective intervention in Lao patients with jaundice/hepatitis. 

© 2010 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 

No.1444 

Author (s) : Tabsan, N., Wirasate, S., Suchiva, K. 

Title : Abrasion behavior of layered silicate reinforced natural rubber 

Source : Wear, Volume 269, Issue 5-6, July 2010, Pages 394-404 


Keywords : Abrasion; Layered silicate; Montmorillonite; Natural rubber 

Abstract : The abrasion resistance and abrasion behavior of Montmorillonite (MMT) filled natural rubber (NR) vulcanizates were 

investigated. Cure characteristic results indicated that both pristine Montmorillonite (Na+-MMT) and organically modified 

Montmorillonite (OMMT) acted as accelerator for the vulcanization reaction of NR. The abrasion resistance of NR was 

improved by the addition of either Na+-MMT or OMMT. OMMT filled NR composites showed superior abrasion resistance than 

those of Na+-MMT filled NR composites due to smaller size particles and better dispersion of OMMT in the NR matrix. DIN 

volume loss of NR was reduced by 91% when only 3phr of OMMT was added. An addition of MMT resulted in the formation 

of ridges on the abraded surfaces of NR. Finer ridges with narrowed spacing on the abraded surfaces corresponded to better 

abrasion resistance of NR composites. An addition of silane (Si69) resulted in the reduction of Na+-MMT particle size with the 

improvement of the abrasion resistance of the NR/Na+-MMT composites and better defined ridges on the abraded surfaces. 

Particle size and dispersion of OMMT remained the same by the addition of Si69, thus, the abrasion resistance, abrasion 

pattern and mechanical properties were not affected. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

No.1445 

Author (s) : Taher, A.; Viprakasit, V.; Porter, J.; Kattamis, A.; Lawniczek, T.; Pereno, R.; Schoenborn-Kellenberger, O.; Cappellini, M.D. 

Title : FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH IRON ACCUMULATION IN NON-TRANSFUSION-DEPENDENT THALASSAEMIA SYNDROMES: BASELINE 

DATA FROM MULTICENTER INTERNATIONAL DEFERASIROX STUDY (THALASSA) 






No.1446 

Author (s) : Takeuchi, R., Lawpoolsri, S., Imwong, M., Kobayashi, J., Kaewkungwal, J., Pukrittayakamee, S., Puangsa-Art, S., Thanyavanich, N., 

Maneeboonyang, W., Day, N.P., Singhasivanon, P. 

Title : Directly-observed therapy (DOT) for the radical 14-day primaquine treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria on the Thai- 

Myanmar border 



525


Keywords : chloroquine, primaquine, antimalarial agent; absence of side effects, adolescent, adult, article, child, clinical trial, controlled 

clinical trial, controlled study, directly observed therapy, disease duration, drug dose increase, drug efficacy, drug self 

administration, female, fever, follow up, genotype, human, infection risk, intermethod comparison, major clinical 

study, malaria, male, mixed infection, Myanmar, patient compliance, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, preschool 

child, randomized controlled trial, reinfection, school child, Thailand, Plasmodium vivax malaria, recurrent disease, treatment 

outcome; Adolescent, Antimalarials, Child, Child, Preschool, Chloroquine, Directly Observed Therapy, Female, Follow-Up 

Studies, Humans, Malaria, Vivax, Male, Myanmar, Primaquine, Recurrence, Thailand, Treatment Outcome 

Abstract : Background. Plasmodium vivax has a dormant hepatic stage, called the hypnozoite, which can cause relapse months after the 

initial attack. For 50 years, primaquine has been used as a hypnozoitocide to radically cure P. vivax infection, but major 

concerns remain regarding the side-effects of the drug and adherence to the 14-day regimen. This study examined the 

effectiveness of using the directly-observed therapy (DOT) method for the radical treatment of P. vivax malaria infection, to 

prevent reappearance of the parasite within the 90-day follow-up period. Other potential risk factors for the reappearance of 

P. vivax were also explored. Methods. A randomized trial was conducted from May 2007 to January 2009 in a low malaria 

transmission area along the Thai-Myanmar border. Patients aged 3 years diagnosed with P. vivax by microscopy, were 

recruited. All patients were treated with the national standard regimen of chloroquine for three days followed by primaquine 

for 14 days. Patients were randomized to receive DOT or self-administered therapy (SAT). All patients were followed for three 

months to check for any reappearance of P. vivax. Results. Of the 216 patients enrolled, 109 were randomized to DOT and 

107 to SAT. All patients recovered without serious adverse effects. The vivax reappearance rate was significantly lower in the 

DOT group than the SAT group (3.4/10,000 person-days vs. 13.5/10,000 person-days, p = 0.021). Factors related to the 

reappearance of vivax malaria included inadequate total primaquine dosage received (< 2.75 mg/kg), duration of fever 2 days 

before initiation of treatment, parasite count on admission 10,000/νl, multiple P. vivax-genotype infection, and presence of P. 

falciparum infection during the follow-up period. Conclusions. Adherence to the 14-day primaquine regimen is important for 

the radical cure of P. vivax malaria infection. Implementation of DOT reduces the reappearance rate of the parasite, and may 

subsequently decrease P. vivax transmission in the area. © 2010 Takeuchi et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.1447 

Author (s) : Tammawong, S., Ninomiya, S., Kawasaki, H., Boonchird, C., Sumpradit, T. 

Title : Millerozyma phetchabunensis sp. nov., a novel ascomycetous yeast species isolated from Nam Nao forest soil in Thailand, 

and the transfer of Pichia koratensis to the genus Millerozyma 

Source : Journal of General and Applied Microbiology, Volume 56, Issue 1, 26 March 2010, Pages 37-42 


Keywords : D1/D2 domain; Internal transcribed spacer; Millerozyma; Millerozyma phetchabunensis sp. nov.; Novel yeast species 

Abstract : A total of 4 strains (DR2-4, DW2-1, DS2-1 and DS3-1) of undescribed ascomycetous yeast, isolated from Nam Nao forest soil, 

were identified as a novel species in the genus Millerozyma. The D1/D2 sequences of the strains differed from the closely 

related species Millerozyma acaciae and Pichia koratensis by 1.2% (7 nucleotide substitutions) and 1.4% (8 nucleotide 

substitutions). Phenotypically, all the novel strains were identical, but differed from M. acaciae and P. koratensis by a variety 

of phenotypic characteristics. Based on phenotypic and phylogenetic data, these four yeast strains were assigned to a single 

novel species in the genus Millerozyma and the name Millerozyma phetchabunensis sp. nov. is proposed. In addition, we also 

propose the transfer of P. koratensis, which was placed in the Millerozyma clade based on the analysis of the D1/ D2 and ITS 

sequences, to the genus Millerozyma as M. koratensis comb. nov. 

No.1448 

Author (s) : Tan, P.T., Heiny, A.T., Miotto, O., Salmon, J., Marques Jr., E.T.A., Lemonnier, F., August, J.T. 

Title : Conservation and diversity of influenza A H1N1 HLA-restricted T cell epitope candidates for epitope-based vaccines 

Source : PLoS ONE, Volume 5, Issue 1, 18 January 2010, Article number e8754 


Keywords : alanylprolylisoleucylmethionylphenylalanylseryl 

asparaginyllysylmethionylalanylarginylleucylglycyllysylglycyltyrosylmethionine, arginylglutaminylthreonyltyrosylaspartyltryptop 

hyl threonylleucylasparaginylarginylasparaginylglutaminylprolyl 

alanylalanylthreonylalanine, arginylmethionylisoleucylglycylglycylisoleucylglycyl 

arginylphenylalanyltyrosylisoleucylglutaminylmethionylcysteinyl 

threonylglutamylleucine, asparaginylglutaminylprolylglutamyltryptophylphenyl 

526


alanylarginylasparaginylisoleucylleucylserylisoleucylalanylprolyl 

isoleucylmethionylphenylalanine, aspartyllysylleucylthreonylglutaminylglycylarginyl 

glutaminylthreonyltyrosylaspartyltryptophylthreonylleucyl 

asparaginylarginylasparaginylglutaminylprolylalanylalanylthreonylalanine, epitope, gamma 

interferon, glutamylarginylarginylasparaginyllysyltyrosylleucyl 

glutamylglutamylhistidylprolylserylalanylglycyllysylaspartylproline, glutamylvalylhistidylisoleucyltyrosyltyrosylleucyl 

glutamyllysylalanylasparaginyllysylisoleucyllysylserylglutamyllysine, glycylarginylphenylalanyltyrosylisoleucylglutaminyl 

methionylcysteinylthreonylglutamylleucyllysylleucylasparaginyl aspartyltyrosylglutamic 

acid, glycyltyrosylthreonylmethionylaspartylthreonylvalyl 

tryptophylarginylthreonylhistidylglutaminylvalylserylglutamylarginylglycine, histidylglutamylasparaginylarginylmethionylvalylleu 

cyl alanylserylthreonylthreonylalanyllysylalanylmethionylglutamylglutamine, HLA antigen class 1, HLA antigen class 

2, leucylalanylserylthreonylthreonylalanyllysylalanylmethionyl glutamylglutaminylmethionylalanylglycylserylserylglutamic 

acid, leucylglutamyllysylalanylasparaginyllysylisoleucyllysylseryl 

glutamyllysylthreonylhistidylisoleucylhistidylisoleucylphenylalanine, leucylglutamylvalylcysteinylphenylalanylmethionyl 

tyrosylserylaspartylphenylalanylhistidylphenylalanylisoleucyl 

asparaginylglutamylglutaminylglycine, leucylthreonylhistidylisoleucylmethionylisoleucyl 

tryptophylhistidylserylasparaginylleucylasparaginylaspartyl 

threonylthreonyltyrosylglutamine, lysylarginyltyrosylserylglutamylglutaminylmethionyl 

glutamylthreonylaspartylglycylglutamylarginylglutaminyl 

asparaginylalanylthreonine, lysyltryptophylvalylarginylglutamylleucylvalylleucyltyrosyl 

aspartyllysylglutamylglutamylisoleucylarginylarginylisoleucine, proteome, serylalanylglycylglutaminylisoleucylserylthreonyl 

glutaminylprolylthreonylphenylalanylserylvalylglutaminyl 

arginylasparaginylleucine, serylarginylprolylmethionylphenylalanylleucyltyrosylvalyl 

arginylthreonylasparaginylglycylthreonylseryllysylisoleucyllysine, serylhistidylglycylthreonylglycylthreonylglycyltyrosyl 

threonylmethionylaspartylthreonylvalylasparaginylarginylthreonylhistidine, threonylasparaginylprolylleucylisoleucylarginylhistid 

yl 

glutamylasparaginylarginylmethionylvalylleucylalanylserylthreonylthreonine, threonylglutaminylprolylthreonylphenylalanylser 

ylvalyl glutaminylarginylasparaginylleucylprolylphenylalanyl aspartyllysylthreonylthreonine, unclassified drug, unindexed 

drug, valylleucyltyrosylaspartyllysylglutamylglutamylisoleucyl 

arginylarginylisoleucyltryptophylarginylglutaminylalanylasparaginylasparagine, virus protein, virus vaccine, influenza vaccine; 

allele, amino acid sequence, animal experiment, animal tissue, antigenic variation, article, avian influenza, cluster 

analysis, comparative study, enzyme linked immunospot assay, HLA system, human, immunization, Influenza virus 

A, Influenza virus A H1N1, Influenza virus A H2N2, Influenza virus A H3N2, Influenza virus A 

H5N1, mouse, nonhuman, nucleotide sequence, T lymphocyte, transgenic mouse, virus 

strain, animal, chemistry, immunology, molecular genetics; Aves, Influenza A virus, Mus musculus, Orthomyxoviridae; Amino 

Acid Sequence, Animals, Epitopes, Humans, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Influenza Vaccines, Mice, Mice, 

Transgenic, Molecular Sequence Data, T-Lymphocytes 

Abstract : Background: The immune-related evolution of influenza viruses is exceedingly complex and current vaccines against influenza 

must be reformulated for each influenza season because of the high degree of antigenic drift among circulating influenza 

strains. Delay in vaccine production is a serious problem in responding to a pandemic situation, such as that of the current 

H1N1 strain. Immune escape is generally attributed to reduced antibody recognition of the viral hemagglutinin and 

neuraminidase proteins whose rate of mutation is much greater than that of the internal non-structural proteins. As a possible 

alternative, vaccines directed at T cell epitope domains of internal influenza proteins, that are less susceptible to antigenic 

variation, have been investigated. Methodology/Principal Findings: HLA transgenic mouse strains expressing HLA class I A*0201, 

A*2402, and B*0702, and class II DRB1*1501, DRB1*0301 and DRB1*0401 were immunized with 196 influenza H1N1 peptides 

that contained residues of highly conserved proteome sequences of the human H1N1, H3N2, H1N2, H5N1, and avian 

influenza A strains. Fifty-four (54) peptides that elicited 63 HLA-restricted peptide-specific T cell epitope responses were 

identified by IFN-γ ELISpot assay. The 54 peptides were compared to the 2007-2009 human H1N1 sequences for selection of 

sequences in the design of a new candidate H1N1 vaccine, specifically targeted to highly-conserved HLA-restricted T cell 

epitopes. Conclusions/Significance: Seventeen (17) T cell epitopes in PB1, PB2, and M1 were selected as vaccine targets based 

on sequence conservation over the past 30 years, high functional avidity, non-identity to human peptides, clustered 

527


localization, and promiscuity to multiple HLA alleles. These candidate vaccine antigen sequences may be applicable to any 

avian or human influenza A virus. © 2010 Tan et al. 

No.1449 

Author (s) : Tan, T.-C., Pitsawong, W., Wongnate, T., Spadiut, O., Haltrich, D., Chaiyen, P., Divne, C. 

Title : H-bonding and positive charge at the N(5)/O(4) locus are critical for covalent flavin attachment in Trametes pyranose 2oxidase 

Source : Journal of Molecular Biology, Volume 402, Issue 3, September 2010, Pages 578-594 


Keywords : Flavinylation; Flavoprotein oxidase; GMC oxidoreductase; Pyranose 2-oxidase; Sulfite adduct 

Abstract : Flavoenzymes perform a wide range of redox reactions in nature, and a subclass of flavoenzymes carry covalently bound 

cofactor. The enzyme-flavin bond helps to increase the flavin's redox potential to facilitate substrate oxidation in several 

oxidases. The formation of the enzyme-flavin covalent bond-the flavinylation reaction-has been studied for the past 40 years. 

For the most advocated mechanism of autocatalytic flavinylation, the quinone methide mechanism, appropriate stabilization 

of developing negative charges at the flavin N(1) and N(5) loci is crucial. Whereas the structural basis for stabilization at N(1) is 

relatively well studied, the structural requisites for charge stabilization at N(5) remain less clear. Here, we show that 

flavinylation of histidine 167 of pyranose 2-oxidase from Trametes multicolor requires hydrogen bonding at the flavin 

N(5)/O(4) locus, which is offered by the side chain of Thr169 when the enzyme is in its closed, but not open, state. Moreover, 

our data show that additional stabilization at N(5) by histidine 548 is required to ensure high occupancy of the histidyl-flavin 

bond. The combination of structural and spectral data on pyranose 2-oxidase mutants supports the quinone methide 

mechanism. Our results demonstrate an elaborate structural fine-tuning of the active site to complete its own formation that 

couples efficient holoenzyme synthesis to conformational substates of the substrate-recognition loop and concerted 

movements of side chains near the flavinylation ligand. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. 

No.1450 

Author (s) : Tananuwong, K., Lertsiri, S. 

Title : Changes in volatile aroma compounds of organic fragrant rice during storage under different conditions 

Source : Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, Volume 90, Issue 10, 15 August 2010, Pages 1590-1596 


Keywords : Organic fragrant rice; Packaging; SPME/GC/MS; Storage temperature; Volatile compounds 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: Aroma of fragrant rice greatly affects palatability as well as consumer acceptability. Loss of desirable volatile 

compounds such as 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) and increase in volatile lipid oxidation products in aged rice have been 

reported. The aim of this study was to monitor the changes in key volatile compounds of organic red fragrant rice cv. Hom 

Daeng during storage. Effects of packaging material, storage temperature and time were evaluated using solid phase 

microextraction/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Thirteen key volatile compounds including ten lipid 

oxidation productsweremonitored. For samples vacuum packed in Nylon/LLDPE pouches at ambient temperature, significant 

increases in hexanal, 2-pentylfuran, 1-octanol and 4-vinyl guaiacol and significant decreases in 2-AP and geranyl acetone were 

found after the second month (P ≤ 0.05). Vacuum packing in OPP/Al/LLDPE pouchesor storage at 15 ° Cbetter retarded the 

formationof volatile lipid oxidationproducts andgreater retained desirable odorants, including 2-AP. However, accumulation of 

lipid oxidation products and 4-vinyl guaiacol was apparent after the sixth month under these storage conditions. 

CONCLUSION: A greater extent and higher rate of undesirable changes in volatile compounds were found in samples stored 

under Nylon/LLDPE/ambient temperature condition. Nevertheless, this condition is acceptable for the retail trade of organic 

rice in Thailand. Storage conditions using reduced temperature or better packaging materials may be more appropriate for 

exported rice or superior-grade fragrant rice to better maintain the desirable rice aroma. © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry. 

No.1451 

Author (s) : Tanasoontornrerk, A., Wasinrat, J., Siriapisith, T., Slisatkorn, W. 

Title : CT angiography evaluation of endoleak after thoracic endovascular aortic repair in thoracic aortic aneurysm 



Keywords : Aortic aneurysm; CT angiography; Endovascular aortic repair; Multidetector row CT 

528


Abstract : Objective: Analyze the incidence and findings of endoleak after thoracic endovascular aortic repair by using CT angiography. 

Material and method: Between August 2006 and December 2008, 68 patients diagnosed with thoracic aortic aneurysm 

underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair and were included in the present study. The patients were 47 men and 21 

women, with a mean age of 69.± 9.4 years old. Thoraco-abdominal CT angiographic images (64-slice MDCT) after operation of 

68 patients were retrospectively reviewed to evaluate incidence of endoleak and classify findings of endoleak. Results: 

Endoleaks were detected in 26 patients (38.2%). There were type I endoleaks in three cases (11.5%), type II endoleaks in 22 

cases (84.6%), and type III endoleaks in one case (3.9%). Type II endoleaks were detected as peritubular collection, mostly 

located at periphery of the aneurysm. Eleven cases (50%) of type II endoleaks were supplied by left subclavian artery. 

Twenty patients who had completed 1, 3, and 6 months follow-up CT angiography were selected for further evaluation of 

changing in size of aneurysm. The measurement of the thoracic aneurysm showed no decreasing of the maximum length of 

diameter and volume of the aneurysmal sac in endoleak group. Conclusion: Follow-up CT angiography is useful for detection 

and characterization of endoleak after endovascular aortic repair of thoracic aneurysm. Most of type II endoleaks show 

peritubular (collection) shape and locate at the periphery. Patients with endoleak after thoracic endovascular aortic repair 

tend to continue to have sac expansion. 

No.1452 

Author (s) : Tanboon, J. 

Title : Melanocytic matricoma: a case report with review literature 





No.1453 

Author (s) : Tanboon, J.; Uiprasertkul, M.; Leurmsamran, P. 

Title : Histiocytoid carcinoma of the eyelid: a case report with review literatures 





No.1454 

Author (s) : Tandhavanant, S., Thanwisai, A., Limmathurotsakul, D., Korbsrisate, S., Day, N.P., Peacock, S.J., Chantratita, N. 

Title : Effect of colony morphology variation of Burkholderia pseudomallei on intracellular survival and resistance to antimicrobial 

environments in human macrophages in vitro 



Keywords : beta defensin 2, cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide LL 37, hydrogen peroxide, lactoferrin, lysozyme, sodium 

nitrite, antiinfective agent, antimicrobial peptide LL-37, cathelicidin; antibacterial activity, article, bacterial growth, bacterial 

survival, bacterium colony, Burkholderia pseudomallei, controlled study, human, human 

cell, macrophage, morphology, morphotype, nonhuman, phenotype, strain difference, antibiotic resistance, cell strain 

U937, classification, cytology, drug effect, growth, development and aging, isolation and purification, melioidosis, microbial 

viability, microbiology; Burkholderia pseudomallei; Anti-Bacterial Agents, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Cathelicidins, Drug 

Resistance, Bacterial, Humans, Hydrogen Peroxide, Macrophages, Melioidosis, Microbial Viability, U937 Cells 

Abstract : Background. Primary diagnostic cultures from patients with melioidosis demonstrate variation in colony morphology of the 

causative organism, Burkholderia pseudomallei. Variable morphology is associated with changes in the expression of a range 

of putative virulence factors. This study investigated the effect of B. pseudomallei colony variation on survival in the human 

macrophage cell line U937 and under laboratory conditions simulating conditions within the macrophage milieu. Isogenic 

colony morphology types II and III were generated from 5 parental type I B. pseudomallei isolates using nutritional limitation. 

Survival of types II and III were compared with type I for all assays. Results. Morphotype was associated with survival in the 

presence of H2O2and antimicrobial peptide LL-37, but not with susceptibility to acid, acidified sodium nitrite, or resistance to 

lysozyme, lactoferrin, human neutrophil peptide-1 or human beta defensin-2. Incubation under anaerobic conditions was a 

529


strong driver for switching of type III to an alternative morphotype. Differences were noted in the survival and replication of 

the three types following uptake by human macrophages, but marked strain-to strain-variability was observed. Uptake of type 

III alone was associated with colony morphology switching. Conclusions. Morphotype is associated with phenotypes that alter 

the ability of B. pseudomallei to survive in adverse environmental conditions. © 2010 Tandhavanant et al. 

No.1455 

Author (s) : Tangnararatchakit, K., Chuansumrit, A., Chaiyaratana, W., Lertwongrath, S., Gajaseeni, N., Udomchaisakul, R., O-Prasertsawat, P., 

Yoksan, S. 

Title : Excessive menstrual bleeding in adolescents with dengue infection 

Source : Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, Volume 29, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 92-93 


Keywords : conjugated estrogen, norethisterone, oral contraceptive agent; adolescent, child, controlled 

study, dengue, female, human, letter, major clinical study, male, menstruation, priority journal, school child; 

Adolescent, Dengue, Female, Humans, Male, Menstruation 


No.1456 

Author (s) : Tangprasittipap, A., Tiensuwan, M., Withyachumnarnkul, B. 

Title : Characterization of candidate genes involved in growth of black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon 

Source : Aquaculture, Volume 307, Issue 1-2, September 2010, Pages 150-156 


Keywords : Body weight; Cyclophilin; EST-library; Optic lobe; Penaeus monodon 

Abstract : The optic lobe of the female-shrimp eyestalk was selected as the target tissue for suppressive subtractive hybridization (SSH) 

because it is a place for synthesis of many hormones and peptides/enzymes involved in molting and growth. SSH was 

performed to screen genes differentially expressed in the optic lobe between large female (LF; body weight>90 percentile 

of weight distribution curve) and small female (SF; body weight<10 percentile). A total of 426 recombinant clones were 

obtained from the two directions. After sequencing and analysis less than 30% of the resulting expressed sequence tag (EST) 

exhibited high homology to known records at GenBank (BlastX with E-value<10-4) indicating little available molecular 

information on the optic lobe. Among the EST with relatively high homology to GenBank records, 5 candidate ESTs had 

homology to records for genes involved in cell differentiation/proliferation, cell cycle and hormone processing. These 

included genes resembling cyclophilin, cyclophilin A, fibrillarin, SPARC and PC2. These candidate ESTs were selected to 

confirm the reproducibility of the SSH data using semi-quantitative RT-PCR normalized with EF-1α. Pearson's correlation 

analysis confirmed that the index of relative cyclophilin, SPARC and fibrillarin-like expression was negatively correlated with 

body weight (p<0.05) and this supported the SSH data indicating their low relative expression in LF shrimp when compared 

to SF shrimp. The index of relative cyclophilin-like expression showed the highest correlation coefficient with body weight (r=- 

0.678). The relationship could be expressed by inverse fitted equation: body weight (g)=38.243/(index of relative cyclophilinlike 

expression). This fitted inverse model could predict the body weight of female shrimp with 91.6 % coefficient of 

determination (R2) based on the index of relative cyclophilin-like expression in the optic lobe of female P. monodon. © 2010 

Elsevier B.V. 

No.1457 

Author (s) : Tangpukdee, N., Wai, K.M., Muangnoicharoen, S., Kano, S., Phophak, N., Tiemprasert, J., Krudsood, S., Wilairatana, P. 

Title : Indicators of fatal outcome in severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria: A study in a tertiary-care hospital in Thailand 

Source : Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, Volume 3, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 855-859 


Keywords : Fatal indicator; Plasmodium falciparum; Severe malaria; Tertiary care; Thailand 

Abstract : Objective: To illustrate the clinical features and investigate the indicators associated with a fatal outcome in adult patients 

with severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria admitted to the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Bangkok, Thailand. Methods: We 

studied 202 adult malaria patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. A total of 43 clinical variables were identified by 

univariate and logistic regression analyses, to eliminate confounding factors. Results: Regarding the statistical methods, only 6 

variables-jaundice, cerebral malaria, metabolic acidosis, body mass index, initial respiratory rate, and white blood cell countwere 

significant indicators of death, with adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) of 15.2 (2.1-32.3), 4.3 (2.3-12.6), 3.3 (2.3-5.7), 2.4 (1.9- 

530


3.5), 2.2 (1.5-2.6), and 1.7 (1.2-3.1), respectively. Conclusion: Our study found that jaundice, cerebral malaria, metabolic 

acidosis, body mass index, initial respiratory rate and white blood cell count were indicators of fatal outcome in severe 

Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Further studies on the fatal indicators in severe malaria need to be compared with data from 

different geographical areas, to construct practical measures to address potentially fatal indicators in different settings. © 2010 

Hainan Medical College. 

No.1458 

Author (s) : Tangsudjai, S., Pudla, M., Limposuwan, K., Woods, D.E., Sirisinha, S., Utaisincharoen, P. 

Title : Involvement of the MyD88-independent pathway in controlling the intracellular fate of Burkholderia pseudomallei infection in 

the mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 

Source : Microbiology and Immunology, Volume 54, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages 282-290 


Keywords : Burkholderia pseudomallei; Melioidosis; MyD88-independent pathway; TBK1 

Abstract : Burkholderia pseudomallei is a facultative intracellular Gram-negative bacterium which is capable of surviving and multiplying 

inside macrophages. B. pseudomallei strain SRM117, a LPS mutant which lacks the O-antigenic polysaccharide moiety, is more 

susceptible to macrophage killing during the early phase of infection than is its parental wild type strain (1026b). In this study, 

it was shown that the wild type is able to induce expression of genes downstream of the MyD88-dependent (iκbζ, il-6 and 

tnf-α), but not of the MyD88-independent (inos, ifn-βand irg-1), path ways in the mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. In 

contrast, LPS mutant-infected macrophages were able to express genes downstream of both pathways. To elucidate the 

significance of activation of the MyD88-independent pathway in B. pseudomallei-infected macrophages, the expression of 

TBK1, an essential protein in the MyD88-independent pathway, was silenced prior to the infection. The results showed that 

silencing the tbk1 expression interferes with the gene expression profile in LPS mutant-infected macrophages and allows the 

bacteria to replicate intracellularly, thus suggesting that the MyD88-independent pathway plays an essential role in 

controlling intracellular survival of the LPS mutant. Moreover, exogenous IFNγ upregulated gene expression downstream of 

the MyD88-independent pathway, and interfered with intracellular survival in both wild type and tbk1-knockdown 

macrophages infected with either the wild type or the LPS mutant. These results suggest that gene expression downstream of 

the MyD88-independent pathway is essential in regulating the intracellular fate of B. pseudomallei, and that IFN-γ regulates 

gene expression through the TBK1-independent pathway. © 2010 The Societies and Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd. 

No.1459 

Author (s) : Tangwongsan, S., Rassameeroj, L. 

Title : Echo cancellation in VoIP with improved least square lattice method 

Source : World Review of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development, Volume 7, Issue 1-2, March 2010, Pages 141-160 


Keywords : Adaptive filter; Echo cancellation; Least square lattice; LSL; Voice over internet protocol; VoIP 

Abstract : In this work, an approach to echo cancellation in VoIP network based on the packet-based echo cancellation model was 

employed. In addition, a comparative validation was performed and then analysed specifically in the state of echo canceller 

as adaptive filtering was done by using three algorithms: normalised least mean square (NLMS), recursive least square (RLS) 

and least square lattice (LSL). Communication environments with three different echo strength levels: 20%, 50% and 70% of 

far-end speech were simulated. The result shows that in terms of time computation, NLMS is the best, followed by LSL and 

RLS as the last. However, NLMS suffers from the measure of ERLE, as it falls to the third place, followed by LSL and RLS as 

the first. Then, taking them all into consideration, it could be concluded that LSL is the best among all for echo cancellation 

as verified in the experimental simulation. Copyright © 2010 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. 

No.1460 

Author (s) : Tangwongsan, S., Suvacharakulton, B. 

Title : Realization of a high performance bilingual OCR system for Thai-English printed documents 

Source : Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Natural Language Processing and Knowledge Engineering, NLP-KE 2010, 

2010, Article number 5587781 


Keywords : Bilingual OCR; Dictionary look-up; Language identification; Thai-English character recognition 

531


Abstract : This paper presents a high performance bilingual OCR system for printed Thai and English text. With the complex nature of 

both Thai and English languages, the first stage is to identify languages within different zones by using geometric properties for 

differentiation. The second stage is the process of character recognition, in which the technique developed includes a feature 

extractor and a classifier. In the feature extraction, the thinned character image is analyzed and categorized into groups. Next, 

the classifier will take in two steps of recognition: the coarse level, followed by the fine level with a guide of decision trees. 

As to obtain an even better result, the final stage attempts to make use of dictionary look-up as to check for accuracy 

improvement in an overall performance. For verification, the system is tested by a series of experiments with printed 

documents in 141 pages and over 280,000 characters, the result shows that the system could obtain an accuracy of 100% in 

Thai monolingual, 98.18% in English monolingual, and 99.85% in bilingual documents on the average. In the final stage with a 

dictionary look-up, the system could yield a better accuracy of improvement up to 99.98% in bilingual documents as 

expected. ©2010 IEEE. 

No.1461 

Author (s) : Tangyuenyongwatana, P., Gritsanapan, W. 

Title : Quantitative analysis and toxicity determination of artifacts originated in a Thai traditional medicine Prasaplai 

Source : Pharmaceutical Biology, Volume 48, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages 584-588 


Keywords : Acute toxicity; Artifact formation; Cytotoxicity; Fatty acid ester; Prasaplai; Thai traditional medicine 

Abstract : Prasaplai is a Thai traditional medicine for relieving dysmenorrhea and adjusting the menstrual cycle. Three fatty acid esters, 

(E)-4-(3,4- dimethoxyphenyl)but-3-en-1-yl linoleate (1), (E)-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)but-3- en-1-yl oleate (2) and (E)-4-(3,4dimethoxyphenyl)but-3-en-1-yl 

palmitate (3) are formed during storage from the reaction of chemical components in two 

herbs, i.e., fatty acids in Nigella sativa (L.) (Ranunculaceae) and (E)-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)but-3-en-1-ol (compound D) in 

Zingiber cassumunar (Roxb.) (Zingiberaceae). The formations of these artifacts were monitored for 1 year and their amounts 

were analyzed by HPLC at certain periods of time. The results showed that artifact formation was saturated after 73 days of 

storage. The amount of each artifact in the saturation period ranged from 3.93±0.06 to 4.30±0.18% w/w for compound 1, 

1.69±0.08 to 1.9±0.13% w/w for compound 2 and 0.09±0.003 to 0.1±0.005% w/w for compound 3. Cytotoxicity of the 

artifacts was evaluated using NCI-H187, KB, and BC cancer cell lines and found that the IC50 of all artifacts in all tests were 

higher than 20 μg/mL. For acute toxicity in mice, the LD50 of each artifact was more than 300mg/kg. © 2010 Informa UK Ltd. 

No.1462 

Author (s) : Tanmahasamut, P., Wongwananuruk, T. 

Title : Challenging regimen for long-term conservative treatment of endometrial adenocarcinoma in young women: A case report 

and review of the literature 

Source : Case Reports in Oncology, Volume 3, Issue 3, September 2010, Pages 380-385 


Keywords : Endometrial adenocarcinoma; Levonorgestrel intrauterine system; Polycystic ovary syndrome 

Abstract : A 20-year-old obese Thai woman with polycystic ovary syndrome and clinical stage I well-differentiated endometrial 

carcinoma denied surgical staging. Chest X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging of the whole abdomen suggested neither 

distance metastasis nor local invasion of the cancer. After 3 months of systemic progestin therapy with megestrol acetate 

(MA) 480 mg/day, the endometrial carcinoma persisted. The treatment was changed to a combination of levonorgestrel 

intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) and MA with a stepping-up from 160 to 480 mg/day. Complete remission was achieved at 

treatment month 9. Prevention of recurrence was provided using LNG-IUS plus MA 160 mg/day. Endometrial surveillance 

using trimonthly transvaginal ultrasonography and endometrial biopsy suggested no recurrence for at least 24 months after 

remission. © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel. 

No.1463 

Author (s) : Tanomsing, N., Imwong, M., Theppabutr, S., Pukrittayakamee, S., Day, N.P.J., White, N.J., Snounou, G. 

Title : Accurate and sensitive detection of Plasmodium species in humans by use of the dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate 

synthase linker region 

Source : Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Volume 48, Issue 10, October 2010, Pages 3735-3737 


532


Keywords : dihydrofolate reductase, thymidylate synthase; article, diagnostic accuracy, human, nucleotide sequence, parasite 

identification, Plasmodium, polymerase chain reaction, priority journal, sensitivity analysis 

Abstract : A nested-PCR protocol based on the linker region of the Plasmodium dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase gene 

(dhfr-ts) was developed. This provides highly sensitive specific detection and identification of the five parasite species that 

infect humans. Copyright © 2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 

No.1464 

Author (s) : Tanpantree, S., Opaprakasit, P., Loykulnant, S., Kangwansupamonkon, W., Tangboriboonrat, P. 

Title : Nanocapsules embedded in natural rubber latex gloves 

Source : Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Volume 117, Issue 3, 1 August 2010, Pages 1798-1803 


Keywords : Elastomers; Films; Morphology; Rubber; Surfaces 

Abstract : To prepare medical gloves containing disinfectant agent, poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA) with M̄w of 550 K was synthesized via 

the iniferter technique and then used for encapsulating disinfectant agent, i.e., chlorhexidine digluconate (CHD), droplets. The 

CHD-PMA nanocapsules suspended in a sodium dodecyl sulfate aqueous solution having 93% encapsulation efficiency were 

successfully embedded between the outermost and inner layers of γ-radiation vulcanized natural rubber (RVNR) latex films 

by the coagulant dipping process. A RVNR/CHD-PMA nanocapsules/RVNR three-layer structure was revealed by the contact 

angle measurement, ATR-FTIR and SEM. Both the tensile strength and elongation at break of the three-layer film were also 

measured. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 

No.1465 

Author (s) : Tanpantree, S., Opaprakasit, P., Polpanich, D., Smanmoo, S., Tangboriboonrat, P. 

Title : Polymeric disinfectant nanocapsules: Effect of molecular weight of poly(methyl acrylate) 

Source : Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology, Volume 6, Issue 4, August 2010, Pages 385-390 


Keywords : Disinfectant agent; Iniferter; Nanocapsule; Nanoparticle 

Abstract : Poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA) of various weight average molecular weights (M̄w) were synthesized via the iniferter route and 

applied for the encapsulation of disinfectant agent (chlorhexidine digluconate; CHD) by using the controlled precipitation 

technique. The encapsulation efficiency of CHD-PMA nanocapsules suspended in cyclohexane increased from 70 to 100% 

when the M̄w of PMA increased from 40 K to 550 K. After redispersing the capsules into 0.5% w/v of sodium dodecyl sulphate 

aqueous solution, the maximum content of CHD in the nanocapsules remained >90%. Transmission electron micrographs 

showed the spherical nanocapsule with continuous intact shell. Copyright © 2010 American Scientific Publishers. All rights 

reserved. 

No.1466 

Author (s) : Tantai, N.; Chaikledkaew, U.; Werayingyong, P.; Teerawattananon, Y. 

Title : A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF LITERATURE ASSESSING CLINICAL EFFICACY OF TREATMENTS FOR PATIENTS 

WITH HBEAG-POSITIVE CHRONIC HEPATITIS B 





No.1467 

Author (s) : Tantemsapya, N.; Melin-Aldana, H.; Wang, D.; Superina, R. 

Title : DIGITAL MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF IDIOPATHIC EXTRAHEPATIC PORTAL VEIN THROMBOSIS CORRELATED TO CLINICAL 

OUTCOME OF MESENTERIC TO LEFT PORTAL VEIN BYPASS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS 





533


No.1468 

Author (s) : Tantichaiyakul, P., Preutthipan, A. 

Title : Ketotifen versus inhaled budesonide for controlling childhood asthma 



Keywords : Asthma; Budesonide; Children; Ketotifen; Randomized control trial 

Abstract : Background: International asthma guideline recommends inhaled corticosteroids therapy for children of all ages as the first 

controller. However, in some less developed parts of the world, ketotifen, an old inexpensive medicine with antihistaminic 

and anti-allergic reactions, has been found to be the most favored prophylactic agents. Objective: To compare the efficacy 

and safety of ketotifen and inhaled budesonide in asthmatic children aged 8 months to 14 years at Banpong Hospital, located 

80km south from Bangkok. Material and Method: Children who had been admitted with acute asthmatic attack in 2008 at 

Banpong Hospital and had > 3 episodes of wheeze with good response to nebulized bronchodilators were randomized into 

two groups. Ketotifen group (n = 16) were given oral ketotifen 0.5 mg or 1 mg twice daily depending on age. Budesonide 

group (n = 14) were given as inhaled budesonide 200 μg (MDI) twice daily. Caregivers recorded children's asthmatic symptoms 

and nebulized treatments in diaries every day. The enrolled children received these two treatment regimens and were 

followed up for 26 weeks. Results: Number of ER visits decreased significantly after both treatments (p < 0.005). The 

percentage of children with reduction in ER visits was comparable between ketotifen and budesonide (p = 0.16). Ketotifen 

group also demonstrated a reduction in days of hospital stay (p < 0.05). Budesonide treatment resulted in more symptomfree 

days (p < 0.05). Both medications were well tolerated and safe. The only demonstrated side effect of ketotifen was 

weight gain. The growth rate in height for both groups did not differ. Conclusion: Both ketotifen and inhaled budesonide are 

effective, safe, and well-tolerated in the prevention of asthma exacerbation in children particularly in the country with limited 

resource. 

No.1469 

Author (s) : Tantilipikorn P., Thanaviratananich S., Chusakul S., Benjaponpitak S., Fooanant S., Chintrakarn C., Jirapongsananuruk O., 

Visitsunthorn N., Toler T., Sutton L., Wu W., Lee L. 

Title : Efficacy and Safety of Once Daily Fluticasone Furoate Nasal Spray for Treatment of Irritant (Non-allergic) Rhinitis. 

Source : The Open Respiratory Medicine Journal, 2010, 4, 92 – 99 


Keywords : Fluticasone furoate, irritant, rhinitis 

Abstract : Introduction: The safety and efficacy of fluticasone furoate nasal spray (FFNS) for the symptoms of seasonal and perennial 

allergic rhinitis have been previously demonstrated in several clinical studies. The objective of this pilot study was to 

compare the efficacy and safety of FFNS 110 mcg once daily with placebo in patients with irritant (nonallergic) rhinitis 

triggered predominantly by air pollution. Methods: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 4-week study of 

subjects in Thailand with irritant rhinitis who received either FFNS 110 mcg (N=53) or placebo (N=49) once-daily. Subjects with 

a ≥2 year history of air pollution as their predominant rhinitis trigger, negative skin test to local seasonal/perennial allergens, 

positive histamine skin test, and normal sinus radiograph were enrolled if they met minimum reflective total nasal symptom 

score (rTNSS) ≥4.5 (maximum=9) and a nasal congestion score of ≥2 (maximum =3). All were assessed for nasal eosinophilia 

at study entry and completion. Air quality was monitored throughout the study. The primary efficacy endpoint was the mean 

change from baseline over the treatment period in daily rTNSS, the average of the morning and evening rTNSS. The key 

secondary measure was the mean change from baseline over the entire treatment period in morning pre-dose instantaneous 

total nasal symptom score (iTNSS). Results: The Air Quality Index (AQI) during the study generally did not reach unhealthy 

levels. Baseline daily rTNSS scores were similar between treatment groups (FFNS=6.7; placebo=6.4). The least square mean 

change from baseline in rTNSS was -2.17 and -2.10 for FFNS and placebo, respectively, with a difference of -0.065 (p=0.845). 

Gradual improvements were seen in both treatment groups for iTNSS; however, the treatment difference (-0.075) was not 

statistically significant (p=0.827). Additionally, there were no statistically significant differences between treatment groups for 

AM and PM rTNSS, individual nasal symptoms, daily reflective, AM and PM reflective and AM pre-dose instantaneous total 

ocular symptom scores (TOSS) or individual ocular symptom scores. Nasal cytology at baseline found more than two-thirds of 

subjects had


No.1470 

Author (s) : Tantilipikorn, P., Vichyanond, P., Lacroix, J.S. 

Title : Nasal provocation test: How to maximize its clinical use? 

Source : Asian Pacific Journal of Allergy and Immunology, Volume 28, Issue 4, December 2010, Pages 225-231 


Keywords : Acoustic rhinometry; Allergic rhinitis; Diagnosis; Nasal provocation test; Peak nasal inspiratory flow; Rhinomanometry; Skin 

prick test 

Abstract : In order to diagnose allergic rhinitis (AR), skin prick tests and serum specific IgE level are the most common used methods. 

But there are some conditions which the results of both methods do not correlate with the clinical presentation of AR. Nasal 

provocation test is the method of detecting local IgE at the shock organ. There are some variations of NPT in terms of dosage, 

allergen administration, evaluation and scoring system. This article summarized the usefulness of NPT, its indication and 

contraindication, dosage and instillation techniques for allergens and evaluation of outcome in the hope that if we can 

standardize the procedure and make it easier to perform, NPT will be applied more in clinical practice. In addition normal 

values among Asian ethnics are presented for appropriate interpretation of the test. 

No.1471 

Author (s) : Tantipopipat, S., Boonpraderm, A., Charoenkiatkul, S., Wasantwisut, E., Winichagoon, P. 

Title : Dietary intake of spices and herbs in Habitual northeast thai diets 

Source : Malaysian Journal of Nutrition, Volume 16, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 137-148 


Keywords : Herbs; Northeast diets; Polyphenols; Portion size; Spices; Thailand 

Abstract : Spices and herbs are rich in polyphenols and widely used in habitual diets in the tropical regions. To elucidate their effects 

on human health, intake of the portion of spices and herbs from habitual diets should be determined. Consumption patterns 

were determined from 24-hour records or recalls of 181 men and 370 women in Khonkaen and Ubon Ratchathani provinces, 

representing upper and lower northeast Thailand. There was a slight variation in dishes, but twelve spices/herbs were 

commonly used in the two areas. The amounts of spices/ herbs in the four most common dishes (Somtum, Jaew, Pon and 

Kang-Nor-Mai) were estimated by weighing ingredients before and after cooking. The average amount of spices/herbs 

consumed was 4.9, 26.1, 14 and 11 g/meal, contributing 36.6, 43.1, 20.6 and 29.8 mg polyphenols/meal for Somtum, Jaew, 

Pon and Kang-Nor-Mai, respectively. Chili was common in all recipes, with an average amount of 8.3-27.5 mg 

polyphenols/meal. In conclusion, habitual northeast Thai diets contain several spices/herbs and a substantial amount of 

polyphenols was commonly consumed. 

No.1472 

Author (s) : Tantirungrotechai, J.; Chotmongkolsap, P.; Pohmakotr, M. 

Title : Synthesis, characterization, and activity in transesterification of mesoporous Mg-Al mixed-metal oxides 

Source : MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS, Volume: 128, Issue: 1-3, Pages: 41-47, DOI: 10.1016/j.micromeso.2009.08.001, 

Published: MAR 2010 


Keywords : Mesoporous metal oxide; Mixed-metal oxide; Solid base; Transesterification; Biodiesel 

Abstract : In this work, a series of Mg-Al mixed-metal oxides with Mg/Al ratios of 0.125-8 were synthesized via a sol-gel method using 

cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as a template. All oxide samples were characterized by XRD, XRF, IR, DTA-TGA, TEM, and 

N(2) adsorption-desorption measurements. The phases of the Mg-Al mixed-metal oxides are the mixture of gamma-Al(2)O(3) 

and periclase (MgO) or the mixture of hydrotalcite (Mg(6)Al(2)CO(3)(OH)(16)center dot 4H(2)O) and periclase depending on the 

Mg/Al ratio. The Mg-Al oxides have mesoporous structure with surface areas in the range of 120-270 m(2)/g. These oxides 

were also impregnated with KI to increase their base strength, and their activities for biodiesel production were tested via the 

transesterification of soybean oil with methanol. The KI impregnated Mg-Al mixed-metal oxide at Mg/Al ratio of 4:1 has base 

strength in the range of 9.8


Source : Tuberculosis, Volume 90, Issue 5, September 2010, Pages 311-318 


Keywords : Mycobacterium; Regulatory element; VNTR (variable number of tandem repeat) 

Abstract : VNTR (variable number of tandem repeats) has been used extensively for Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain discrimination. In 

contrast, their biological roles have been rarely investigated. We, herewith, studied whether two VNTR could promote 

expression of a downstream reporter gene, gfp. The VNTR loci, VNTR0960c and VNTR4052, reside upstream of the 

translational start sites of Rv0861c (helicase gene, ercc3) and Rv3610c (ftsH), respectively. Both are highly polymorphic among 

clinical strains of M. tuberculosis. DNA fragments containing various numbers of the repeat units were amplified and inserted 

upstream of the gfp gene and transformed into M. smegmatis mc2155 and M. tuberculosis H37Ra. The levels of fluorescence 

were determined by microplate fluorometry and flow cytometry. It was found that VNTR0960c could promote the expression 

of gfp while VNTR4052 alone could not. However, VNTR4052 was needed for complementing the promoter activity of the 

downstream sequence. The effects were discernible in M. tuberculosis, even though only the incomplete copy of the repeat 

was present. The addition of a complete copy of the repeat augmented the promoter activity. The presence of more copies 

of the repeat had minimal effects or even decreased the expressions. Significance of the effects on the cellular metabolisms 

of M. tuberculosis warrants further studies. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.1474 

Author (s) : Tantrakarnapa, K., Makkaew, P., Vatanasomboon, P., Kengganpanich, T. 

Title : Association of sanitary conditions and bacteriological quality of tube ice in ice plants in metropolitan Bangkok, Thailand 

Source : EnvironmentAsia, Volume 3, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 8-12 


Keywords : Bacteriological quality; Ice plant; Ice tube; Sanitary conditions 

Abstract : This investigation aimed at studying the correlation between ice plant sanitary conditions and bacteriological quality of ice. 

The sanitary conditions in accordance with GMP regulations, the bacteriological quality of tube ice, and the processing water 

in 20 plants in Bangkok were studied. A modified inspection form from the Office of Food and Drug Administration was used 

for sanitary condition surveys. Ice and processing water samples were collected 2 times per plant with 3 samples each time. 

All 120 samples were analyzed for bacteriological quality by means of Standard Plate Count technique (Pour plate method) 

and Most Probable Number technique (MPN method). The results indicated that forty percent (8 Tube plants) failed and the 

remaining passed sanitary condition criteria. 23% of Tube Ice samples were acceptable in the standard permission level in 

terms of Total coliform bacteria and Fecal coliform bacteria. All Tube Ice plant processing water samples were acceptable in 

comparison with the standard permission level. Ice plant sanitary conditions were significantly correlated to bacteriological 

quality of the ice (p


Despite almost identical IgE binding, rDer p 2 prepared from both E. coli and P. pastoris showed structural differences to nDer 

p 2. Der p 2 secreted from P. pastoris lacked most of the natural structure, but refolding could induce the natural structure. 

Copyright © 2009 S. Karger AG. 

No.1476 

Author (s) : Taphey, M., Pornkul, R. 

Title : Acute suppurative thyroiditis due to pyriform sinus fistula: A case report 



Keywords : Acute suppurative thyroiditis; Pyriform sinus fistula 

Abstract : Congenital pyriform sinus fistula is an unusual developmental abnormality, but it is the most common cause of acute 

suppurative thyroiditis or recurrent lateral neck infection in pediatric group. It is often over-looked because of poor diagnostic 

roles. Further investigations are important for diagnosis and evaluation. The authors herein present a case of pyriform sinus 

fistula and diagnostic roles to confirm the diagnosis. 

No.1477 

Author (s) : Tatanun, C., Ritthipravat, P., Bhongmakapat, T., Tuntiyatorn, L. 

Title : Automatic segmentation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma from CT images: Region growing based technique 

Source : ICSPS 2010 - Proceedings of the 2010 2nd International Conference on Signal Processing Systems, Volume 2, 2010, Article 

number 5555663, Pages V2537-V2541 


Keywords : Automatic segmentation; Nasopharyngeal carcinoma; Region growing technique 

Abstract : This paper describes a framework for automatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma segmentation from CT images. The proposed 

technique is based on the Region Growing Method. It is automatic segmentation in which an initial seed is generated without 

human intervention. The seed is generated from a probabilistic map representing the chances of it being tumor. This map is 

created from three probabilistic functions based on location of the tumor, intensities, and non-tumor region respectively. The 

pixel in which the probability is the highest will be selected as potential seeds. Only one representative of these seeds will 

be selected as an initial seed. Then the seed will be used for region growing subsequently. The experimental results showed 

that the potential seeds and initial seed were correctly determined with a percentage accuracy of 81.60% and 95.10%. The 

seed was grown in preprocessed CT images for identifying the nasopharyngeal carcinoma region. The results showed that, 

perfect match and corresponding ratio were 71.31% and 53.00% respectively © 2010 IEEE. 

No.1478 

Author (s) : Taveecharoenkool, T., Angsuthanasombat, C., Kanchanawarin, C. 

Title : Combined molecular dynamics and continuum solvent studies of the pre-pore Cry4Aa trimer suggest its stability in solution 

and how it may form pore 

Source : PMC Biophysics, Volume 3, Issue 1, 13 May 2010, Article number 10 



Abstract : Cry4Aa toxin is one of the highly specific mosquito-larvicidal proteins produced by the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis 

subspecies israelensis. It is thought to form pores in the larval midgut membrane that cause membrane leakage and 

subsequent insect death. Therefore, Cry4Aa and other Cry toxins have been used as efficient and safe bacterial insecticides to 

control the disease-carrying mosquitoes such as Aedes Anopheles, and Culex. However, we still do not clearly understand 

how Cry toxins kill mosquito-larvae at molecular details. Recent electron crystallographic images of Cry4Ba toxin, another 

toxin closely related to Cry4Aa toxin, have suggested that the protein forms trimer in aqueous solution and in lipid 

monolayer. Moreover, the unit cell of X-ray crystal structure of Cry4Ba toxin has been shown to be trimeric. In this study, we 

constructed the first full-atom structural model of Cry4Aa trimer using the trimeric unit cell structure of Cry4Ba toxin as a 

template and then used the methods of molecular dynamics (MD) and molecular mechanics combined with Poisson- 

Boltzmann and surface area (MM-PBSA) to show that the trimeric structure of Cry4Aa toxin is stable in 150 mM KCl solution 

on 10 ns timescale. The results reveal that Cry4Aa toxins use polar amino acid residues on α-helices 3, 4, and 6 to form 

trimer and suggest that the proteins form trimer to reduce their non-polar interactions with surrounding water. Based on the 

obtained trimeric structure of Cry4Aa toxins, we propose that pore formation of Cry toxins may involve a 90°-hairpin rotation 

537


during the insertion of their three α4-α5 hairpins into the membrane. This process may be mediated by water and ions. © 

2010 Taveecharoenkool et al. 

No.1479 

Author (s) : Taylor, W.R.J.; Burhan, E.; Wertheim, H.; Soepandi, P.Z.; Horby, P.; Fox, A.; Benamore, R.; de Simone, L.; Hien, T.T.; Chappuis, F. 

Title : Avian influenza - A review for doctors in travel medicine 

Source : TRAVEL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE, Volume: 8, Issue: 1, Pages: 1-12, DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2009.11.006, Published: JAN 



Keywords : Avian influenza; Travellers; H5N1; ARDS 

Abstract : First identified in humans in Hong Kong, influenza A/H5N1, known commonly as avian influenza, has caused human disease in 

15 countries around the world. Although the current number of confirmed patients is tiny compared to seasonal and the 

recently emerged H1N1 'swine' influenza, H5N1 remains a candidate for the next highly pathogenic influenza pandemic. 

Currently, H5N1 has very limited ability to spread from person-to-person but this may change because of mutation or 

reassortment with other influenza viruses leading to an influenza pandemic with high mortality. If this occurs travellers are 

likely to be affected and travel medicine doctors will need to consider avian influenza in returning febrile travellers. The early 

clinical features may be dismissed easily as 'the flu' resulting in delayed treatment. Treatment options are limited. Oral 

oseltamivir alone has been the most commonly used drug but mortality remains substantial, up to 80% in Indonesia. 

Intravenous peramivir has been filed for registration and IV zanamivir is being developed. This review will focus on the 

epidemiological and clinical features of influenza A/H5N1 avian influenza and will highlight aspects relevant to travel 

medicine doctors. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.1480 

Author (s) : Taytawat, P., Viravud, Y., Plakornkul, V., Roongruangchai, J., Manoonpol, C. 

Title : Identification of the external laryngeal nerve: Its anatomical relations to inferior constrictor muscle, superior thyroid artery, 

and superior pole of the thyroid gland in Thais 



Keywords : External laryngeal nerve; Inferior constrictor muscle; Superior thyroid artery; Thyroid surgery 

Abstract : Background: The external laryngeal nerve (ELN) is not routinely identified during thyroid surgery despite clear benefits from 

doing so. One reason is its anatomical variations, which differ from papers to papers. There were also very few studies of ELN 

in Thais, especially its relation to inferior constrictor muscle and tip of superior pole of the thyroid gland, which serve as 

important landmarks when identifying the ELN intra operatively. Objective: To describe the course of ELN and its relations to 

the inferior constrictor muscle, superior thyroid artery (STA), and tip of superior pole of the thyroid gland in Thais in order to 

serve as a guide for identification and preservation of the nerve. Material and Method: One hundred thirty four ELNs from 68 

cadavers with normal-sized thyroid glands and no signs of neck abnormality were studied. Three areas were studied, (1) its 

relation to inferior constrictor muscle, (2) the nearest distance from the nerve to tip of the superior pole of the thyroid gland, 

and (3) the crossing point of the ELN and STA in relation to the tip of the superior pole of the thyroid gland. All distances 

were measured in mm using avernier caliper. Results: The three areas of the study were reported separately using established 

classifications and compared to the previous published papers. All ELNs run superficially, at the least on the upper portion of 

the inferior constrict muscle, rendering it more vulnerable to injury in Thais. Conclusion: The course of the ELN and its 

relations to nearby structures can vary considerably and are influenced by many factors. Nevertheless, these findings should 

encourage the surgeons to identify the ELN intraoperatively with meticulous dissection to minimize the risk of ELN injury. 

No.1481 

Author (s) : Teamsuwan, Y., Kaeoket, K., Tienthai, P., Tummaruk, P. 

Title : Morphological changes and infiltration of immune cells in the endometrium of anoestrus gilt in relation to the ovarian 

appearance and serum progesterone 

Source : Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Volume 40, Issue 1, March 2010, Pages 31-40 


Keywords : Anoestrus; Endometrium; Gilt; Immune cell; Progesterone 

538


Abstract : The present study investigates morphological changes and distribution of the leukocyte subpopulation in the endometrium of 

anoestrus gilts in relation to reproductive cycles and serum progesterone (P4). Selected genital organs from 30 gilts culled 

due to anoestrus were examined. The genital organs were classified according to the ovarian appearance into 3 groups, i.e. 

inactive (n = 10); follicular (n = 10); and luteal phase (n = 10). Blood samples were collected prior to slaughter to determine 

serum P4. Seven tissue samples were randomly collected from the uteri of the gilts and were examined for histological 

structures, i.e. epithelial types and height, number of blood vessel, secretory vesicle and endometrial glands. Number of 

leukocyte subsets, i.e. lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages and plasma cells were counted. On average, age 

and body weight at culling of the gilts were 306.4±39.9 d (range 233-407 d) and 150.4±24.8 kg (range 104.0-205.5 kg). 

Lymphocyte was the most common immune cell in all tissue layers and in all stages of the reproductive cycle. Lymphocytes 

in glandular layer in the inactive phase was higher than in the follicular (p=0.02) and luteal phases (p=0.05). Neutrophils in 

both epithelial and subepithelial layers in follicular phases was higher than luteal and inactive phases (p<0.001). Eosinophil 

in subepithelium in the luteal phase was higher than inactive (p=0.004) and follicular phases (p<0.001). An increase in the 

serum P4 resulted in an increase number of uterine glands (p<0.001), a decrease number of lymphocytes in all tissue layers 

(p<0.05), a decrease number of neutrophils in subepithelial layers (p=0.03) and an increase in the number of eosinophils in 

subepithelial layers (p<0.001). In conclusion, the infiltration of the leukocyte subpopulation in the endometrium of 

anoestrus gilts is largely dependent on the ovarian function. Neutrophils and eosinophils were common immune cells in 

follicular and luteal phases, respectively. 

No.1482 

Author (s) : Techaprasan, J., Klinbunga, S., Ngamriabsakul, C., Jenjittikul, T. 

Title : Genetic variation of kaempferia (zingiberaceae) in thailand based on chloroplast dna (psba-trnh and peta-psbj) sequences 

Source : Genetics and Molecular Research, Volume 9, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 1957-1973 


Keywords : Chloroplast dna; Dna barcode; Kaempferia; Peta-psbj; Psba-trnh 

Abstract : Genetic variation and species authentication of 71 Kaempferia accessions (representing 15 recognized, six new, and four 

unidentified species) found indigenously in Thailand were examined by determining chloroplast psbA-trnH and partial petApsbJ 

spacer sequences. Ten closely related species (Boesenbergia rotunda, Gagnepainia godefroyi, G. thoreliana, Globba 

substrigosa, Smithatris myanmarensis, S. supraneanae, Scaphochlamys biloba, S. minutiflora, S. rubescens, and Stahlianthus 

sp) were also included. After sequence alignments, 1010 and 865 bp in length were obtained for the respective chloroplast 

DNA sequences. Intraspecific sequence variation was not observed in Kaempferia candida, K. angustifolia, K. laotica, K. galanga, 

K. pardi sp nov., K. bambusetorum sp nov., K. albomaculata sp nov., K. minuta sp nov., Kaempferia sp nov. 1, and G. 

thoreliana, for which more than one specimen was available. In contrast, intraspecific sequence polymorphisms were 

observed in various populations of K. fallax, K. filifolia, K. elegans, K. pulchra, K. rotunda, K. marginata, K. parviflora, K. larsenii, 

K. roscoeana, K. siamensis, and G. godefroyi A strict consensus tree based on combined psbA-trnH and partial petApsbJ 

sequences revealed four major groups of Kaempferia species. We suggest that the genus Kaempferia is a polyphyletic group, 

as K. candida was distantly related and did not group with other Kaempferia species. Polymorphic sites and indels of psbAtrnH 

and petA-psbJ can be used as DNA barcodes for species diagnosis of most Kaempferia and outgroup species. Nuclear 

DNA polymorphism should be examined to determine if there has been interspecific hybridization and chloroplast DNA 

introgression in these taxa. © FUNPEC-RP. 

No.1483 

Author (s) : Techasaensiri, C.; Messina, A.F.; Katz, K.; Ahmad, N.; Huang, R.; McCracken, G.H., Jr. 

Title : Epidemiology and Evolution of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Caused by Multidrug Resistant Serotypes of 19A in the 8 Years 

After Implementation of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Immunization in Dallas, Texas 

Source : PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL, Volume: 29, Issue: 4, Pages: 294-300, DOI: 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181c2a229, 

Published: APR 2010 


Keywords : pneumococcus; serotype; invasive pneumococcal disease; 10-year experience after pneumococcal vaccine 

Abstract : Background: The heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) has significantly reduced vaccine-type invasive 

pneumococcal disease (IPD) in children. An increasing percentage of IPD cases are now caused by nonvaccine serotypes. The 

purpose of our observational study was to define the epidemiology of pneumococcal disease in Dallas, TX children for 8 

years after implementation of PCV7 immunization. Methods: Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from normally sterile sites 

539


were collected at Children's Medical Center of Dallas from January 1, 1999 to December 31, 2008. Incidence of IPD was 

calculated using inpatient and emergency center admissions to Children's Medical Center of Dallas as the denominator. 

Isolates were serotyped and penicillin and cefotaxime susceptibilities were determined. Serotype 19A isolates were further 

characterized by multilocus sequence typing. Results: Compared with the prevaccine period of 1999-2000, there was a 

significant reduction in the incidence of IPD from 2002 to 2008 ( P < 0.05), although a significant increase in IPD incidence was 

observed from 2006 to 2008 (P = 0.038). The number of IPD cases caused by serotype 19A increased from 1999 to 2008 (P < 

0.001). There were significant increases in penicillin and cefotaxime nonsusceptibile 19A isolates during this 10-year period (P 

< 0.001 and P = 0.004, respectively). The most common sequence type (ST) of the 19A isolates was ST-199 (42.7%). Clonal 

complex (cc-156) and cc-320 emerged in the period of 2005-2008 as penicillin and cefotaxime resistant 19A strains. 

Conclusions: In Dallas, PCV7 immunization reduced significantly the incidence of IPD caused by vaccine-type strains. A 

significant increase in IPD caused by serotype 19A was observed. The penicillin and cefotaxime nonsusceptible STs, not 

previously identified in Dallas, have recently become an important cause of IPD. 

No.1484 

Author (s) : Teerasong, S., Amornthammarong, N., Grudpan, K., Teshima, N., Sakai, T., Nacapricha, D., Ratanawimarnwong, N. 

Title : A Multiple processing hybrid flow system for analysis of formaldehyde contamination in food 

Source : Analytical Sciences, Volume 26, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages 629-633 


Keywords : formaldehyde; Agaricales, animal, article, calibration, cephalopod, chemistry, flow injection analysis, food 

contamination, instrumentation, limit of detection, methodology, reproducibility, standard, time, vegetable; 

Agaricales, Animals, Calibration, Decapodiformes, Flow Injection Analysis, Food Contamination, Formaldehyde, Limit of 

Detection, Reference Standards, Reproducibility of Results, Time Factors, Vegetables 

Abstract : This work proposes a flow system suitable for the rapid screening of formaldehyde contaminated in food. The system is 

based on the concept of a flow analyzer with a Hantzsch reaction. An operating procedure was developed for multiple 

tasking and high sample throughput. This resulted in a significant sample throughput of 51 samples h-1. Under the optimized 

conditions, linear calibration from 10 to 100 μM was obtained. The system gave a limit of detection and a limit of 

quantitation of 0.06 and 0.10 mg kg-1, respectively. The system was successfully applied to re-hydrated dry squids, 

vegetables and mushrooms. 2010 © The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry. 

No.1485 

Author (s) : Teerasong, S., Chan-Eam, S., Sereenonchai, K., Amornthammarong, N., Ratanawimarnwong, N., Nacapricha, D. 

Title : A reagent-free SIA module for monitoring of sugar, color and dissolved CO2 content in soft drinks 

Title : Analytica Chimica Acta, Volume 668, Issue 1, May 2010, Pages 47-53 


Keywords : Dissolved CO2; Membraneless; Schlieren effect; Sequential injection analysis; Soft drink; Sucrose content 

Abstract : This work presents a new sequential injection analysis (SIA) method and a module for simultaneous and real-time monitoring 

of three key parameters for the beverage industry, i.e., the sugar content (measured in Brix), color and dissolved CO2. 

Detection of the light reflection at the liquid interface (the schlieren effect) of sucrose and water was utilized for sucrose 

content measurement. A near infrared LED (890±40nm) was chosen as the light source to ensure that all the ingredients and 

dyes in soft drinks will not interfere by contributing light absorption. A linear calibration was obtained for sucrose over a wide 

concentration range (3.1-46.5Brix). The same module can be used to monitor the color of the soft drink as well as the 

dissolved CO2 during production. For measuring the color, the sample is segmented between air plugs to avoid dispersion. An 

RGB-LED was chosen as the light source in order to make this module applicable to a wide range of colored samples. The 

module also has a section where dissolved CO2 is measured via vaporization of the gas from the liquid phase. Dissolved CO2, 

in a flowing acceptor stream of water resulting in the change of the acceptor conductivity, is detected using an in-house 

capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detector (C4D). The module includes a vaporization unit that is also used to 

degas the carbonated drink, prior the measurements of sucrose and color within the same system. The method requires no 

chemicals and is therefore completely friendly to the environment. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

No.1486 

Author (s) : Teerasong, S., Chantore, W., Ruenwongsa, P., Nacapricha, D. 

Title : Development of a predict-observe-explain strategy for teaching flow injection at undergraduate chemistry 

540




Keywords : Demonstration; Flow injection; Predict-observe-explain; Undergraduate students 

Abstract : Although traditional lecture is often regarded as a passive way of learning, most of the teachings in university including 

science subjects are indeed carried out by this method. Teaching of flow injection and flow phenomena to undergraduate 

students in chemistry can be boring if traditional lecture is the only method the teacher uses. In this work, a demonstration 

together with 'predict-observeexplain' (POE) teaching approach was developed. The demonstration equipment set, assembled 

using transparent materials for clear observation of the flow phenomena, together with POE teaching strategy was introduced 

to the students. The POE approach offers real-time probing of student understanding. Students were first asked to predict, 

observe the demonstration, and finally to discuss the results with peers. This strategy provided an opportunity for students to 

generate their own conceptual knowledge via reconciliation and negotiation between their prior knowledge and new 

experience. The results revealed that the new phenomena. The questionnaire results showed that the students had positive 

attitude toward the new teaching strategy. The developed activity was well-fitted in a time period of classroom lecture. © 

Common Ground, Saowapak Teerasong, Wanrawee Chantore, Pintip Ruenwongsa, Duangjai Nacapricha. 

No.1487 

Author (s) : Tewthanom, K., Janwitayanujit, S., Totemchockcyakarn, K., Panomvana Na Ayudhya, D. 

Title : The effect of high dose of N-acetylcysteine in lupus nephritis: A case report and literature review 

Source : Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Volume 35, Issue 4, August 2010, Pages 483-485 


Keywords : case report; lupus nephritis; N-acetylcysteine 

Abstract : An imbalance of oxidative-antioxidant defence mechanism has been proposed in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Coadministration 

of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) which has a strong antioxidant activity may produce a satisfactory therapeutic 

outcome when added to standard therapy. We report a case of a 46-year-old lupus nephritis patient who received 1800 mg 

of NAC orally. After NAC, this patient showed a higher glutathione level, and a normal level of malondialdehyde, a lipid 

peroxidation product. In addition, the urinary protein levels, the complete blood counts and physical examination of the 

affected organs showed improvement. However, a well-controlled trial is needed to confirm the value of high-dose NAC in 

lupus nephritis patients. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 

No.1488 

Author (s) : Thaenkham, U., Dekumyoy, P., Komalamisra, C., Sato, M., Dung, D.T., Waikagul, J. 

Title : Systematics of the subfamily Haplorchiinae (Trematoda: Heterphyidae), based on nuclear ribosomal DNA genes and ITS2 

region 



Keywords : Internal transcribed spacer subunit II; Nuclear ribosomal DNA genes; Subfamily Haplorchiinae; Systematics 

Abstract : Phylogenetic relationships of 6 species in the trematode subfamily Haplorchiinae were analyzed using small and large subunit 

of ribosomal DNA genes (18S rDNA and 28S rDNA) and internal transcribed spacer subunit II (ITS2) region as molecular markers. 

Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses of combined rDNAs and ITS2 indicated a close relationship between the 

genera Haplorchis and Procerovum, while these two genera were distinct from Stellantchasmus falcatus. These phylogenetic 

relationships were consistent with the number of testes but not with the characters of the modification of the seminal vesicle 

or of the ventral sucker. Although three Haplorchis spp. were, together with Procerovum, in the same cluster, their mutual 

topology was incongruent between rDNA and ITS2 trees. Phylogenetic analyses using other molecular markers with more 

species are necessary to work out solid phylogenetic relationships among the species in this subfamily. © 2010 Elsevier 

Ireland Ltd. 

No.1489 

Author (s) : Thaenkham, U., Nawa, Y. 

Title : Double strand problems: Reverse DNA sequences deposited in the DNA database 

Source : Korean Journal of Parasitology, Volume 48, Issue 1, March 2010, Pages 89-90 


541


Keywords : cyclooxygenase 1; Clonorchis sinensis, DNA sequence, gene sequence, genetic database, Gymnophalloides seoi, Haplorchis 

taichui, letter, Metagonimus miyatai, metagonimus takahashii, metagonimus yokogawai, Neodiplostomum 

seoulense, nonhuman, nucleotide sequence, Opisthorchis viverrini, Paragonimus bangkokensis, polymerase chain 

reaction, trematode; Animals, Base Sequence, Databases, Nucleic Acid, DNA, Helminth, DNA, Mitochondrial, Electron Transport 

Complex IV, Helminth Proteins 


No.1490 

Author (s) : Thaenkham, U., Nuamtanong, S., Sa-nguankiat, S., Yoonuan, T., Touch, S., Manivong, K., Vonghachack, Y., Sato, M., Waikagul, J. 

Title : Monophyly of Opisthorchis viverrini populations in the lower Mekong Basin, using mitochondrial DNA nad1 gene as the marker 

Source : Parasitology International, Volume 59, Issue 2, June 2010, Pages 242-247 


Keywords : nad1 gene; O. viverrini; Population structure 

Abstract : The liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini, causes serious public-health problems in the Lower Mekong Basin. This study aimed to 

clarify whether O. viverrini populations may be genetically divided into sub-specific taxa. We collected 6 populations of O. 

viverrini from different places in Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Thailand, along both sides of the Mekong River, and analyzed the 

population structure of these using the mitochondrial nad1 gene as a marker. The results of the DNA polymorphism 

measurements, by theta-w (θw) and -π (θπ) values, neutrality tests, and mismatch distribution, suggested that the 

population of O. viverrini has expanded under the influence of purifying selection and selective sweep. The analysis of 

molecular variance (AMOVA) test revealed no significant genetic differences among the O. viverrini populations on opposite 

sides of the Mekong River. O. viverrini haplotypes occurred in multiple populations, and no distinct geographical clade. The 

star-like haplotype network confirmed a demographic expansion of the O. viverrini population. Overall, the genetic data from 

these populations suggested that the postulated existence of an O. viverrini species complex should be rejected. The biogeographical 

diversity of O. viverrini populations should be explored further, using other appropriate markers and a wider 

range of samples from geographically different areas. © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.1491 

Author (s) : Thaipisuttikul, I; Adams, K.N.; Miller, S., I; Ernst, R.K. 

Title : ANAEROBIC GROWTH INDUCES A CYSTIC FIBROSIS SPECIFIC LIPID A MODIFICATION IN PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA 

Source : PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY, Supplement: 33, Pages: 321-322, Published: 2010 




No.1492 

Author (s) : Thamlikitkul, V., Tiengrim, S., Chalermsri, C., Chinsawangwatanakul, P., Suddhichupaiboon, S. 

Title : Microbiological equivalence of serum bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities of the sera from healthy volunteers receiving 

original meropenem (Meronem) and generic meropenem (Mero). 



Keywords : antiinfective agent, generic drug, meropenem, thienamycin derivative; adolescent, adult, article, bactericidal 

activity, bacterium, blood, clinical trial, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, crossover procedure, drug 

administration, drug effect, female, human, intravenous drug administration, male, methodology, middle 

aged, pharmacokinetics, randomized controlled trial, Thailand; Adolescent, Adult, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacteria, Cross-Over 

Studies, Drug Administration Schedule, Drugs, Generic, Female, Humans, Infusions, Intravenous, Male, Middle Aged, Serum 

Bactericidal Test, Thailand, Therapeutic Equivalency, Thienamycins, Young Adult 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: Several generic meropenem formulations have been approved by Thai Food and Drug Administration, Ministry 

of Public Health since 2008. Meropenem is a parenteral drug. Therefore, a study demonstrating a biological equivalence of 

generic meropenem is not required for drug registration in Thailand. The objective of the study was to determine 

microbiological equivalence of serum bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities of the sera from healthy volunteers receiving 

original meropenem (Meronem) and generic meropenem (Mero). MATERIAL AND METHOD: This was a randomized crossover 

study in 16 adult healthy volunteers. Each subject received one gram of Meronem and Mero in 50 ml of normal saline via 

542


intravenous infusion for 30 minutes. The blood samples were drawn at baseline prior to receiving the study drug, at 30 

minutes after initiating infusion, and at 8 hours after initiating infusion. The serum bacteriostatic activity against E. coli ATCC 

25922, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and A. baumannii was performed by disk diffusion. The serum bactericidal 

activity against E. coli ATCC 25922 was performed by Serum Bactericidal Titre. RESULTS: The average inhibition zone diameter 

of the serum samples from the subjects while receiving Mero against each tested organisms was < 1 mm smaller than that 

while receiving Meronem and such difference was not significantly different. All serum samples taken at 30 minutes after 

initiating Meronem and Mero had bactericidal titres against E. coli ATCC 25922 > or = 1:256. Only 3 serum samples taken from 

the subjects while receiving Mero at 8 hours had less bactericidal titre for 1-fold dilution when compared with that of 

Meronem. CONCLUSION: The sera from healthy volunteers receiving Meronem and Mero had microbiological equivalence in 

terms of serum bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities. 

No.1493 

Author (s) : Thamlikitkul, V., Trakulsomboon, S. 

Title : In vitro activity of biapenem against Burkholderia pseudomallei 

Source : International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, Volume 35, Issue 5, May 2010, Page 514 


Keywords : biapenem, ceftazidime, doripenem, imipenem, meropenem; antibacterial activity, antibiotic sensitivity, bacterial 

strain, bacterium isolate, Burkholderia pseudomallei, controlled study, Escherichia coli, letter, minimum inhibitory 

concentration, nonhuman, priority journal, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, quality control; Anti-Bacterial Agents, Burkholderia 

pseudomallei, Humans, Melioidosis, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Thienamycins 


No.1494 

Author (s) : Thammachat, S., Pungtanom, N., Kidsanguan, S., Pathaichindachote, W., Promdonkoy, B., Krittanai, C. 

Title : Amino acid substitution on β1 and αF of Cyt2Aa2 affects molecular interaction of protoxin 

Source : BMB Reports, Volume 43, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 427-431 


Keywords : Bacillus thuringiensis; Cytolytic toxin; Mutagenesis; Protein folding; Toxicity 

Abstract : Cyt2Aa2 is a mosquito-larvicidal protein produced as a 29 kDa crystalline protoxin from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. 

darmstadiensis. To become an active toxin, proteolytic processing is required to remove amino acids from its N- and Ctermini. 

This study aims to investigate the functional role of amino acid residues on the N-terminal β1 and C-terminal αF of 

Cyt2Aa2 protoxin. Mutant protoxins were constructed, characterized and compared to the wild type Cyt2Aa2. Protein 

expression data and SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that substitution at leucine-33 (L33) of β1 has a critical effect on dimer 

formation and structural stability against proteases. In addition, amino acids N230 and I233-F237 around the C-terminus αF 

demonstrated a crucial role in protecting the protoxin from proteolytic digestion. These results suggested that β1 and αF on 

the N- and C-terminal ends of Cyt2Aa2 protoxin play an important role in the molecular interaction and in maintaining the 

structural stability of the protoxin. 

No.1495 

Author (s) : Thammawong, C., Petchsuk, A., Opaprakasit, M., Chanunpanich, N., Tangboriboonrat, P., Opaprakasit, P. 

Title : Preparation and characterizations of electrospun lactide-based polymeric nanofibers 



Keywords : Copolymer; Electrospinning; Nanofiber; Polylactic acid; Porosity 

Abstract : Poly(L)lactide (PLLA), aliphatic polyester, and poly(LLA-co-DLLA) copolymers consisting of 2.5, 7.5, 50% of DLLA content were 

also synthesized. PLLA was successfully electrospun by using 15wt% solution in (1DMF:3CHCl 3) mixed solvent. 2.5, 7.5, 50% 

P(LLA-co-DLLA) copolymers were then spun at 8, 10, and 15wt% concentration in a single chloroform solvent, respective. The 

lactide-based polymeric nanofibers were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Smooth surface morphology 

was observed in nanofibers produced from PLLA and 50% P(LLA-co-DLLA) copolymer. However, surface porosity was 

observed in the corresponding fibers from 2.5 and 7.5% P(LLA-co-DLLA) copolymers. These nanofibers have high potential for 

wide range of applications such as filter media, nano-sensor, drug delivery and tissue scaffold, especially, those derived from 

2.5 and 7.5% P(LLA-co-DLLA) copolymers which contain high degree of porosity © (2010) Trans Tech Publications. 

543


No.1496 

Author (s) : Thamwattana, N., Hill, J.M., Baowan, D., Cox, B.J. 

Title : A review of mathematical and mechanical modelling in nanotechnology 

Source : Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids, Volume 15, Issue 7, September 2010, Pages 708-717 


Keywords : Bionnanotechnolgy; Gas Separation; Hydrogen Storage; Mathematical Modelling; Mechanics; Molecular 

Structure; Nanomedicine 

Abstract : Nanotechnology is currently an area of intense research activity. To date there is some limited experimental data, and 

considerably more computational data arising from molecular dynamics simulations, but there is very little applied 

mathematical modelling from the disciplines associated with modelling, namely mathematics and mechanics. This paper 

reviews some of the mathematical and mechanical modelling contributions for interacting molecular structures. Modelling 

can indicate to the experimentalist materials and geometry where a certain outcome may be anticipated. A combined 

modelling-computational approach can make efficient a computational procedure that alone is not practical. The present 

review aims to provide an overview of contributions to date, but is necessarily focussed on the work of the present authors, 

since the number of mathematically orientated workers in the field is limited. © The Author(s), 2010. 

No.1497 

Author (s) : Thamwiriyasati, N., Powthongchin, B., Kittiworakarn, J., Katzenmeier, G., Angsuthanasombat, C. 

Title : Esterase activity of Bordetella pertussis CyaC-acyltransferase against synthetic substrates: Implications for catalytic mechanism 

in vivo 

Source : FEMS Microbiology Letters, Volume 304, Issue 2, March 2010, Pages 183-190 


Keywords : Acyltransferase; Adenylate cyclase-hemolysin; Bordetella pertussis; Fatty-acyl modification; In vitro activation; Serine 

esterase 

Abstract : Adenylate cyclase-hemolysin toxin (CyaA) produced from the human respiratory tract pathogen Bordetella pertussis requires 

fatty-acyl modification by CyaC-acyltransferase to become an active toxin. Previously, the recombinant CyaA pore-forming 

(CyaA-PF) fragment expressed in Escherichia coli was shown to be hemolytically active upon palmitoylation in vivo by 

cosynthesized CyaC. Here, the 21-kDa CyaC enzyme separately expressed in E. coli as an inclusion body was solubilized in 8 

M urea and successfully refolded into an enzymatically active monomer. In addition to the capability of activating CyaA-PF in 

vitro, CyaC showed esterase activity against p-nitrophenyl acetate (pNPA) and p-nitrophenyl palmitate (pNPP), with 

preferential hydrolysis toward pNPP when compared with chymotrypsin. A homology-based CyaC structure suggested a 

conceivable role of a catalytic triad including Ser30, His33 and Tyr 66 in substrate catalysis. Alanine substitutions of these 

individual residues caused a drastic decrease in specific activities of all three mutant enzymes (S30A, H33A and Y66A) toward 

pNPP, signifying that CyaC-acyltransferase shares a similar mechanism of hydrolysis with a serine esterase in which Ser30 is 

part of the catalytic triad. © 2010 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. All 


No.1498 

Author (s) : Thamwiriyasati, N., Sakdee, S., Chuankhayan, P., Katzenmeier, G., Chen, C.-J., Angsuthanasombat, C. 

Title : Crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of a full-length active form of the Cry4Ba toxin from Bacillus 

thuringiensis 

Source : Acta Crystallographica Section F: Structural Biology and Crystallization Communications, Volume 66, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 721- 

724 


Keywords : Bacillus thuringiensis; Cry4Ba mosquito-larvicidal protein 

Abstract : To obtain a complete structure of the Bacillus thuringiensis Cry4Ba mosquito-larvicidal protein, a 65 kDa functional form of 

the Cry4Ba-R203Q mutant toxin was generated for crystallization by eliminating the tryptic cleavage site at Arg203. The 65 kDa 

trypsin-resistant fragment was purified and crystallized using the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method. The crystals belonged 

to the rhombohedral space group R32, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 184.62, c = 187.36 Å. Diffraction data were collected 

to at least 2.07 Å resolution using synchrotron radiation and gave a data set with an overall R merge of 9.1% and a 

completeness of 99.9%. Preliminary analysis indicated that the asymmetric unit contained one molecule of the active full- 

544


length mutant, with a V M coefficient and solvent content of 4.33 Å3 Da-1 and 71%, respectively. © International Union of 

Crystallography 2010. 

No.1499 

Author (s) : Thanapprapasr, D., Chittithaworn, S., Lertkhachonsuk, A.-A., Udomsubpayakul, U., Wilailak, S. 

Title : Female hospital-based healthcare professionals' knowledge of cervical cancer, HPV and attitudes towards HPV vaccination 



Keywords : Cervical cancer; HPV; Knowledge 

Abstract : Objective: To find out female hospital-based healthcare professionals' knowledge of cervical cancer, HPV and attitudes 

towards HPV vaccination. Design: A descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study. Setting: Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol 

University, Bangkok, Thailand. Sample: A total of 350 female hospital-based healthcare professionals who had not been 

diagnosed as having any cancer and willing to participate in the study. Methods: Participants completed written consent and 

an anonymous questionnaire and knowledge of cervical cancer, HPV and attitudes towards HPV vaccination were the main 

outcome measures. Results: Among 300 responders, the mean age was 36.1 years. Most of them were married with children 

and had received university education. Nursing assistants accounted for 47.1%, and their income per month was about 5,001- 

15,000 baht. Most (56.3%) had only one lifetime sexual partner. Sixty-eight to 85.3% have a good knowledge of cervical 

cancer and Pap smear. However, only 12.0 to 58.3% have some knowledge of HPV, and less than fifty percent of them have 

knowledge of HPV vaccination. Nevertheless, 51.7 to 60.7% of them have good attitudes toward vaccination. Their age and 

income might influence their attitudes about having themselves vaccinated, and their career might be a factor which altered 

their attitudes about having their daughter vaccinated if they have one. Conclusions: Female hospital-based healthcare 

professionals have a good knowledge about cervical cancer and Pap smears, but they need motivation to have Pap tests 

regularly. More information regarding HPV and vaccination is needed to provide to them for cervical cancer prevention and 

best practices. 

No.1500 

Author (s) : Thanapprapasr, D., Nartthanarung, A., Likittanasombut, P., Ayudhya, N.I.N., Charakorn, C., Udomsubpayakul, U., 

Subhadarbandhu, T., Wilailak, S. 

Title : Bone metastasis in cervical cancer patients over a 10-year period 

Source : International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, Volume 20, Issue 3, April 2010, Pages 373-378 


Keywords : Bone metastasis; Cervical cancer 

Abstract : Introduction: Cervical cancer is the major cancer burden in developing countries. Bone is the third most common site of 

distant metastasis after the lungs and liver. Therefore, the aims of this study were to find the incidence and clinical 

characteristics of bone metastasis in our hospital. Patients and Methods: Fifty-one cervical cancer patients with bone 

metastasis during the period from January 1998 to December 2007 were recruited. All patients' medical records were 

reviewed and analyzed. Results: Among 4620 cervical cancer patients, there were 51 patients (1.1%) who had bone 

metastases. Ten patients' medical records were not found; thus, 41 patients were available for evaluation. The median age of 

the patients was 49 years. International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IIB was the most common stage 

(43.9%). Most patients had squamous cell carcinoma (80.48%) and received radiation therapy alone as their primary 

treatment (58.53%). The most common presenting symptom was pain (78.04%). Most of the patients had multiple bone 

lesions and extrapelvic bone metastases. The lumbar spine was the most common site (36.36%). Sixteen patients (39.02%) 

were treated by palliative radiation therapy. The median overall survival was 23 months. Conclusions: Bone metastases could 

be found at all stages. Common sites were the bone beyond the radiation field of their primary treatment. It was found at a 

median of 16 months after cervical cancer diagnosis. Currently, there are many varieties of treatment that result only in 

palliation. This group of patients has a poor prognosis. Copyright © 2010 by IGCS and ESGO. 

No.1501 

Author (s) : Thanapprapasr, D.; Wilailak, S.; Ayudhya, NIN; Lertkhachonsuk, AA; Likittanasombut, P.; Chittithaworn, S.; Charakorn, C.; 

Weerakiet, S. 

Title : Can Vaginal Misoprostol Effectively Increase Rate of a Satisfactory Colposcopy? A Randomized Double-blind Placebocontrolled 

Trial* 

545


Source : JAPANESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY, Volume: 40, Issue: 3, Pages: 203-207, DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyp140, Published: MAR 



Keywords : misoprostol; unsatisfactory colposcopy 

Abstract : To evaluate the effectiveness of vaginal misoprostol in overcoming an unsatisfactory colposcopy in the patients who had 

abnormal cervical cytology and to evaluate side effects of vaginal misoprostol. Sixty patients with an unsatisfactory 

colposcopy during the period of September 2007-November 2008 were recruited and randomly allocated to receive either 

two tablets of 200 mu g misoprostol (400 mu g) or two tablets of similar-looking placebo vaginally. Colposcopic reexamination 

was performed similar to 6 h later. The results and side effects before and 2 weeks after the colposcopic reexamination 

were recorded. Six out of 30 patients in the misoprostol group (20.0%) had a satisfactory colposcopic reexamination 

compared with 2 out of 27 patients (7.4%) in the placebo group without statistically significant difference (P = 

0.172). Three patients in the placebo group dropped out due to not present at the appointment time. Six out of 30 patients 

(20.0%) and 1 out of 30 patients (3.3%) in the misoprostol group had side effects before and 2 weeks after the colposcopic 

re-examination orderly. Twenty-seven patients in the placebo group did not have any side effects before and 2 weeks after 

the colposcopic re-examination. All side effects occurred were minimal and well tolerated. Four hundred micrograms of 

vaginal misoprostol were not proved to be effective in converting an unsatisfactory to a satisfactory colposcopy. 

No.1502 

Author (s) : Thanasai, J., Limpaiboon, T., Jearanaikoon, P., Sripa, B., Pairojkul, C., Tantimavanich, S., Miwa, M. 

Title : Effects of thymidine phosphorylase on tumor aggressiveness and 5-fluorouracil sensitivity in cholangiocarcinoma 

Source : World Journal of Gastroenterology, Volume 16, Issue 13, 7 April 2010, Pages 1631-1638 


Keywords : 5-fluorouracil; Cell migration; Cholangiocarcinoma; Liver fluke; siRNA; Thymidine phosphorylase; Tumor aggressive-ness 

Abstract : Aim: To evaluate the role of thymidine phosphorylase (TP) in cholangiocarcinoma using small interfering RNA (siRNA). 

Methods: A human cholangiocarcinoma-derived cell line KKU-M139, which has a naturally high level of endogenous TP, had 

TP expression transiently knocked down using siRNA. Cell growth, migration, in vitro angiogenesis, apoptosis, and cytotoxicity 

were assayed in TP knockdown and wild-type cell lines. Results: TP mRNA and protein expression were decreased by 87.1% ± 

0.49% and 72.5% ± 3.2%, respectively, compared with control cells. Inhibition of TP significantly decreased migration of KKU- 

M139, and suppressed migration and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. siRNA also reduced the ability 

of TP to resist hypoxia-induced apoptosis, while suppression of TP reduced the sensitivity of KKU-M139 to 5-fluorouracil. 

Conclusion: Inhibition of TP may be beneficial in decreasing angiogenesis-dependent growth and migration of 

cholangiocarcinoma but may diminish the response to 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. © 2010 Baishideng. 

No.1503 

Author (s) : Thanasak, J., Jittakhot, S., Kosulwat, S., Rukkwamsuk, T. 

Title : Fatty acid profile of ruminal fluid, plasma and milk fat of dairy cows fed soybean and sunflower oil-rich diets, without effects 

on milk production 

Source : Kasetsart Journal - Natural Science, Volume 44, Issue 5, September 2010, Pages 837-849 


Keywords : Cow; Milk; Polyunsaturated fatty acid; Soybean oil; Sunflower oil 

Abstract : The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of feeding soybean oil (SB) and sunflower oil (SF) on ruminal fluid, 

plasma and milk fatty acid profiles. Eighteen cows were obtained for the experiment and received 20 kg corn silage and 7.5 kg 

concentrate as a base diet, containing 6.2% palm oil on a dry matter basis, for four weeks. Subsequently, after the four-week 

experimental period, six cows were assigned to each of the dietary treatments. The treatments consisted of three groups: 1) 

the same base diet, containing 6.2% palm oil (control); 2) 6.2% SB; and 3) 6.2% SF. All treatments did not alter milk 

production. The milk fat percentages were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the cows fed the SB- and SF-rich diets at day 7 and 

14, whereas milk fat yields were significantly (P < 0.05) lower only in the cows fed the SF-rich diet at day 7. The proportion of 

ruminal C16:0 was significantly (P < 0.001) lower and C 18:0 was significantly (P < 0.05) higher for the SB and SF diets, while in 

addition, C18: ln-9 tended to be lower on the SF diet (P = 0.062). The proportions of plasma C16:0 and C18: ln-9 were 

significantly (P < 0.05) lower for the SB and SF diets, whereas CI8:0 was significantly (P = 0.027) higher with the SB diet. Even 

though no differences in polyunsaturated fatty acids, in either the ruminal fluid or plasma, were found among the treatments, 

the proportion of milk linoleic acids (C18:2n-6) was similar in the SB and SF diets and both diets had proportions that were 

546


significantly (P < 0.001) higher than in the control. In addition, milk linolenic acids (C18:3n-3) were significantly (P < 0.05) 

greater in the SB diet than for the SF diet and for the control. An increase in the ruminal pH and a reduction in blood nonesterified 

fatty acid (NEFA) were detected in cows fed either the SB or SF diet. The results suggested (with the balance 

between dietary fatty acids hydrogenated in the rumen and taken up by the mammary gland) that SB is an acceptable fat 

source for high linoleic acid and linolenic acid (omega-6 and 3) and that SF is suitable for high linoleic acid (omega-6)produced 

milk, without adverse effects on milk yield and composition. This practical feeding trial would reflect the use of 

these oils to produce health-enhancing dairy products. 

No.1504 

Author (s) : Thani, W., Vallisuta, O., Siripong, P., Ruangwises, N. 

Titel : Anti-proliferative and antioxidative activities of Thai noni/Yor (Morinda citrifolia Linn.) leaf extract 



Keywords : Anti-oxidative activity; Anti-proliferative effects; Cancer cell lines; Leaf extract; Morinda citrifolia Linn.; Thai noni 

Abstract : In this study the leaves of the Thai noni/Yor, (Morinda citrifolia Linn.) were extracted by several methods and evaluated 

against human cancer cell lines: KB (human epidermoid carcinoma), HeLa (human cervical carcinoma), MCF-7 (human breast 

carcinoma) and HepG 2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma) cell lines as well as a Vero (African green monkey kidney) cell line, 

employing the MTT colorimetric method, comparing it to damnacanthal, rutin, and scopoletin. The dichloromethane extract 

of the fresh leaf showed a better inhibitory effect against KB and HeLa cells with IC 50 values of 21.67 and 68.50 μg/ml, 

respectively. The dichloromethane extract of dried leaves revealed cytotoxicity against the KB cell line with an IC 50 value of 

39.00 μg/ml. Other extracts, as well as rutin and scopoletin, showed reduced anti-proliferative effects on all cancer cell lines 

(IC 50 103 to over 600 μg/ml). Interestingly, the damnacanthal had potent cytotoxicity against all cancer cell lines and Vero 

cell lines. These results suggest Thai noni extracts may be safer than the pure compounds, due to their higher safety ratios, 

which is a good indicator for possible cancer treatment. Several non-aqueous extracts from the leaves showed antioxidant 

properties, giving IC 50 values of 0.20-0.35 mg/ml. It can be concluded the leaves of M. citrifolia may have benefit as a food 

supplement for chemoprevention against epidermoid and cervical cancers. 

No.1505 

Author (s) : Thanongsaksrikul, J., Srimanote, P., Maneewatch, S., Choowongkomon, K., Tapchaisri, P., Makino, S.-I., Kurazono, H., Chaicumpa, 

W. 

Title : AVHH that neutralizes the zinc metalloproteinase activity of botulinum neurotoxin type A 

Source : Journal of Biological Chemistry, Volume 285, Issue 13, 26 March 2010, Pages 9657-9666 


Keywords : Amino acid residues, Amino acid sequence, Antibody fragment, Antibody molecules, Botulinum neurotoxin type A, E. 

coli, Further development, Heavy-chain antibody fragments, Hydrolytic activities, Immunoglobulin genes, Light 

chain, Metalloproteinase activity, Molecular docking, Phage clones, Phage display libraries, Polyclonal, Therapeutic agents; 

Amplification, Antibodies, Cloning, Escherichia coli, Organic acids, Zinc; Amino acids; botulinum toxin 

A, epitope, immunoglobulin fragment, immunoglobulin heavy chain, immunoglobulin heavy chain 

fragment, metalloproteinase, synaptosomal associated protein 25, unclassified drug, zinc 

metalloproteinase, antibody, peptide library, recombinant protein, zinc; amino acid sequence, animal cell, antigen 

specificity, article, biodegradation, camel, catalysis, complementarity determining region, controlled study, DNA 

sequence, enzyme activity, gene construct, gene location, hydrolysis, male, molecular cloning, molecular 

docking, nonhuman, nucleotide sequence, phage display, priority journal, toxin 

analysis, animal, chemistry, human, immunoglobulin variable region, Institute for Cancer Research 

mouse, metabolism, molecular genetics, mouse, protein conformation, sequence homology; Animalia, Camelus dromedarius; 

Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Antibodies, Botulinum Toxin Type A, Camels, Humans, Immunoglobulin Variable 

Region, Male, Metalloproteases, Mice, Mice, Inbred ICR, Molecular Sequence Data, Peptide Library, Protein 

Conformation, Recombinant Proteins, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Zinc 

Abstract : The current treatment of botulism is to administer animal-derived antitoxin, which frequently causes severe adverse reactions 

in the recipients. In this study, a heavy chain antibody fragment (VH/VHH) phage display library was constructed by 

amplification of the immunoglobulin genes of a nonimmune camel, Camelus dromedarius, using primers specific to human 

VH gene segments. A recombinant light chain of type A botulinumtoxin, BoTxA/LC, with zinc endoprotease activity was used 

547


in phage bio-panning to select phage clones displaying BoTxA/LC-bound VH/VHH. Soluble VH/VHHwere produced and purified 

from 10 VH/VHH phagemid-transformed E. coli clones. Complementary determining regions (CDRs) and immunoglobulin 

frameworks (FRs) of the 10 camel VH/VHH-deduced amino acid sequences were determined. FR2 sequences of two clones 

showed a hallmark of camel V HH, i.e. (F/Y)42E49R50(G/F) 52. The remaining eight clones had an FR2 amino acid tetrad of 

conventional VH, i.e. V42G49L50W52. VHH of one clone (VHH17) neutralized the SNAP25 hydrolytic activity of BoTxA/LC, 

whereas mouse polyclonal anti-BoTxA/LC did not have such activity. Mimotope sequences of VHH17 matched with the 194- 

206 amino acid residues of BoTxA/LC, which are located near the S′1 subsite of the catalytic cleft of the enzyme. Molecular 

docking revealed that CDR3 of the VHH17 bound to epitope in the toxin enzymatic cleft. Therefore, the BoTxA/LC 

neutralization by the VHH17 should be due to the V HH insertion into the enzymatic cleft of the toxin, which is usually 

inaccessible to a conventional antibody molecule. This antibody fragment warrants further development as a therapeutic 

agent for botulism. © 2010 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc. 

No.1506 

Author (s) : Thant, M.M., Charmondusit, K. 

Title : Eco-efficiency assessment of pulp and paper industry in Myanmar 

Source : Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, Volume 12, Issue 4, August 2010, Pages 427-439 


Keywords : Eco-efficiency . Pulp and paper industry Economic profile . Environmental profile 

Abstract : This paper presents the eco-efficiency assessment of the pulp and paper industry in Myanmar by using the key indicators 

such as raw material consumption, energy consumption, total waste output, water consumption, and CO2 emissions. The 

study was carried out by using quantitative methods for data analysis of the production, consumptions and emissions from 

fiscal year 2001-2005. The results revealed that the level of economic and environmental performance using the ecoefficiency 

ratio for each fiscal year has decreased since year 2002, and factory tried to increase the level of eco-efficiency 

again in year 2005. There was the positive aspect that factory could optimize the waste utilization by transferring lime mud to 

the cement factory in the last two fiscal years. This analysis showed the root causes that led to the losses of material, energy 

and water consumption and discussed how to conserve those utilities. © Springer-Verlag 2009. 

No.1507 

Author (s) : Thapa, B., Tribuddharat, C., Srifuengfung, S., Dhiraputra, C. 

Title : High prevalence of BLAOXA-23 in oligoclonal carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii from siriraj hospital, Mahidol 

University, Bangkok, Thailand 



Keywords : β-lactamase gene; A. baumannii; Carbapenem resistance; CRAB 

Abstract : Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged in health care settings as a pandrugresistant pathogen. Carbapenems are ineffective for 

treatment of this pathogen. Here we explored the molecular epidemiology and mechanism of carbapenem resistance in 

clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB). Antibiotic susceptibility by disk diffusion test was performed 

using imipenem and meropenem disk on 200 different clinical CRAB isolates. All isolates were resistant and gave inhibition 

zones of both antibiotic disks ≤13 mm. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out on 37 randomly selected isolates to 

amplify the common carbapenem hydrolyzing β-lactamase genes (blaOXA-23-like, blaOXA-24/40like, blaOXA-58, blaIMP, and 

blaVIM). Clones were resolved by PCR-randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (PCR-RAPD) and plasmid profiling. PCR 

amplification and DNA sequencing revealed the existence of blaOXA-23 downstream of the insertion element, ISAba1, in all 

37 isolates tested. This segment was present in the carbapenem-resistant genomic resistant island AbaR4. These isolates were 

resolved into three RAPD types (Type I, 20 isolates; Type II, 16 isolates; and type III, 1 isolate) and 10 plasmid profiles. The 

CRAB isolates investigated here were oligoclonal and carbapenem resistance was conferred by the presence of blaOXA-23. 

The presence of this β-lactamase gene in many clonal isolates indicated its wide spread. 

No.1508 

Author (s) : Thasana, N., Prapagdee, B., Rangkadilok, N., Sallabhan, R., Aye, S.L., Ruchirawat, S., Loprasert, S. 

Title : Bacillus subtilis SSE4 produces subtulene A, a new lipopeptide antibiotic possessing an unusual C15 unsaturated β-amino 

acid 

Source : FEBS Letters, Volume 584, Issue 14, July 2010, Pages 3209-3214 

548



Keywords : Antimicrobial activity; Cyclic lipopeptide; Iturin family; Structure elucidation 

Abstract : Subtulene A, a new cyclic lipopeptide, was isolated from the culture broth of Bacillus subtilis SSE4. This antibiotic compound 

contained the seven common α-amino acids, l-Asn-1, d-Tyr-2, d-Asn-3, l-Gln-4, l-Pro-5, d-Asn-6, l-Ser-7 and the unique βamino 

acid-8 present in the iturin family. 1D and 2D NMR, as well as MS analyses, identified the β-amino acid as 3-amino-13methyltetradec-8-enoic 

acid, an Iso C15 long chain β-amino acid. B. subtilis SSE4 was also found to produce iturin A. B. 

subtilis SSE4 culture filtrate exhibited both antifungal and antibacterial activities. © 2010 Federation of European Biochemical 

Societies. 

No.1509 

Author (s) : Thavorncharoensap, M., Teerawattananon, Y., Yothasamut, J., Lertpitakpong, C., Thitiboonsuwan, K., Neramitpitagkul, P., 

Chaikledkaew, U. 

Title : The economic costs of alcohol consumption in Thailand, 2006 

Source : BMC Public Health, Volume 10, 2010, Article number 323 



Abstract : Background. There is evidence that the adverse consequences of alcohol impose a substantial economic burden on societies 

worldwide. Given the lack of generalizability of study results across different settings, many attempts have been made to 

estimate the economic costs of alcohol for various settings; however, these have mostly been confined to industrialized 

countries. To our knowledge, there are a very limited number of well-designed studies which estimate the economic costs of 

alcohol consumption in developing countries, including Thailand. Therefore, this study aims to estimate these economic 

costs, in Thailand, 2006. Methods. This is a prevalence-based, cost-of-illness study. The estimated costs in this study included 

both direct and indirect costs. Direct costs included health care costs, costs of law enforcement, and costs of property 

damage due to road-traffic accidents. Indirect costs included costs of productivity loss due to premature mortality, and costs 

of reduced productivity due to absenteeism and presenteeism (reduced on-the-job productivity). Results. The total economic 

cost of alcohol consumption in Thailand in 2006 was estimated at 156,105.4 million baht (9,627 million US$ PPP) or about 

1.99% of the total Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Indirect costs outweigh direct costs, representing 96% of the total cost. The 

largest cost attributable to alcohol consumption is that of productivity loss due to premature mortality (104,128 million 

baht/6,422 million US$ PPP), followed by cost of productivity loss due to reduced productivity (45,464.6 million baht/2,804 

million US$ PPP), health care cost (5,491.2 million baht/339 million US$ PPP), cost of property damage as a result of road 

traffic accidents (779.4 million baht/48 million US$ PPP), and cost of law enforcement (242.4 million baht/15 million US$ 

PPP), respectively. The results from the sensitivity analysis revealed that the cost ranges from 115,160.4 million baht to 

214,053.0 million baht (7,102.1 - 13,201 million US$ PPP) depending on the methods and assumptions employed. 

Conclusions. Alcohol imposes a substantial economic burden on Thai society, and according to these findings, the Thai 

government needs to pay significantly more attention to implementing more effective alcohol policies/interventions in order 

to reduce the negative consequences associated with alcohol. © 2010 Thavorncharoensap et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.1510 

Author (s) : Thavorncharoensap, M., Torcharus, K., Nuchprayoon, I., Riewpaiboon, A., Indaratna, K., Ubol, B.-O. 

Title : Factors affecting health-related quality of life in Thai children with thalassemia 

Source : BMC Blood Disorders, Volume 10, 21 January 2010, Article number 1 


Keywords : ferritin, hemoglobin, iron chelating agent; academic achievement, adolescent, adult, article, beta thalassemia, blood 

transfusion, child, controlled study, disease severity, doctor patient relation, family relation, female, ferritin blood 

level, health program, health status, health survey, hemoglobin blood level, human, iron chelation, major clinical 

study, male, medical record review, onset age, PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scale, psychosocial care, quality of life, scoring 

system, social psychology, Thailand, thalassemia 

Abstract : Background: Knowledge of the factors associated with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among patients with thalassemia 

is essential in developing more suitable clinical, counseling, and social support programs to improve treatment outcomes of 

these patients. In light of the limited research in this area, this study aims to examine factors associated with HRQOL among 

children and adolescents with thalassemia in Thailand.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in three selected 

hospitals in Thailand during June to November 2006. PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scale (Thai version) was used to assess 

549


HRQOL in 315 thalassemia patients between 5 and 18 years of age. Other related clinical characteristics of the patients were 

collected via medical record review.Results: The mean (SD) of the total summary score was 76.67 (11.40), while the means 

(SD) for the Physical Health Summary score and Psychosocial Health Summary score were 78.24 (14.77) and 75.54 (12.76), 

respectively. The school functioning subscale scored the lowest, with a mean of 67.89 (SD = 15.92). The following factors 

significantly affected the HRQOL of the patients: age; age at onset of anemia and age at first transfusion; pre-transfusion 

hemoglobin (Hb) level; receiving a blood transfusion during the previous three months; and disease severity. In addition, iron 

chelation therapy had a significant negative effect on HRQOL in the school functioning subscale. In contrast, serum ferritin 

level, frequency of blood transfusions per year, and gender were not significantly related to HRQOL among these patients. 

The results from multivariate analysis also confirmed these findings.Conclusions: To improve HRQOL of thalassemia patients, 

suitable programs aimed at providing psychosocial support and a link between the patient, school officials, the family and the 

physician are important, especially in terms of improving the school functioning score. The findings also confirmed the 

importance of maintaining a pre-transfusion Hb level of at least 9-10.5 g/dL. In addition, special care and attention should be 

given to patients with a severe condition, and those who are receiving subcutaneous iron chelation therapy. © 2010 

Thavorncharoensap et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.1511 

Author (s) : Thaweboon, B., Laohapand, P., Amornchat, C., Matsuyama, J., Sato, T., Nunez, P.P., Uematsu, H., Hoshino, E. 

Title : Host β-globin gene fragments in crevicular fluid as a biomarker in periodontal health and disease 

Source : Journal of Periodontal Research, Volume 45, Issue 1, February 2010, Pages 38-44 


Keywords : Cell damage; Gingival crevicular fluid; Host DNA; Periodontal disease 

Abstract : Background and Objective: Leukocytes and epithelium are the first line of defense in preventing bacterial invasion into 

periodontium. Some of these cells die in gingival crevicular fluid, whereupon their DNA is spilled out. The present study was 

designed to investigate the profile of host β-globin gene fragments in the gingival crevicular fluid of various periodontal 

conditions. Material and Methods: Gingival crevicular fluid from 40 teeth with chronic periodontitis, 30 with gingivitis and 22 

that were clinically healthy were centrifuged (3000g, 10 min). The supernatant (cell-free gingival crevicular fluid) was 

centrifuged again (13,000g, 10 min), resulting in the pellet and the supernatant as debris and debris-free fractions, 

respectively. Specific primers for amplifying 110 bp, 536 bp and 2 kb amplicons of human β-globin gene were used to 

investigate host DNA by quantitative and qualitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: The periodontitis group showed the 

largest amount of host β-globin gene fragments, while the healthy group had the lowest. In the debris and debris-free 

fractions, the 536 bp and 2 kb amplicons were more often detected in the periodontitis group than in the other groups. 

Interestingly, the presence of 2 kb amplicon in the debris fraction could be used to discriminate periodontitis from gingivitis 

and healthy groups because we found it in 85% of periodontitis samples but only in 13% of gingivitis samples, and it was 

absent in the healthy group. Conclusion: This study shows the different DNA profiles of cell-free gingival crevicular fluid in 

periodontal health and disease. It suggests that the quantity and quality of host DNA are dependent on the disease 

conditions. Therefore, the β-globin gene fragments in cell-free gingival crevicular fluid may be a potential biomarker of 

periodontal disease progression. © 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S. 

No.1512 

Author (s) : Thaweethamcharoen, T.; Sakulbumrungsil, R.; Vasuvattakul, S.; Nopmaneejumruslers, C. 

Title : COMPARISON OF SF-6D, EQ-5D AND VAS IN HEMODIALYSIS THAI PATIENT 





No.1513 

Author (s) : Thawornwisit, S., Charmondusit, K., Rempel, G.L., Hinchiranan, N., Prasassarakich, P. 

Title : Poly(Methyl Methacrylate-co-Styrene) modified with hydrogenated natural rubber 

Source : Journal of Elastomers and Plastics, Volume 42, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 35-47 


Keywords : Composite materials; Hydrogenation; Natural rubber; Poly(methyl methacrylate); Styrene 

550


Abstract : The mechanical properties of brittle polymers are improved by blending with rubbers. Due to C=C in the rubber structure, 

polymer/rubber blends have poor thermal and oxidative resistance. In this research, the mechanical and physical properties 

including the morphology of poly(methyl methacrylate-co-styrene) sheet modified by blending with hydrogenated natural 

rubber were investigated. The optimum styrene content in copolymer sheets for improving the mechanical properties was 

20% (w/w) and inclusion of hydrogenated natural rubber at 1% (w/w) exhibited a higher thermal resistance. This implies that 

hydrogenated natural rubber can be used as an impact modifier and thermal resistance improver for acrylic plastics. 

No.1514 

Author (s) : Theerasasawat, S., Papsing, C., Pulkes, T. 

Title : CTG repeat lengths of the DMPK gene in myotonic dystrophy patients compared to healthy controls in Thailand 

Source : Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, Volume 17, Issue 12, December 2010, Pages 1520-1522 


Keywords : CTG repeat expansion; DMPK gene; Myotonic dystrophy type 1; Prevalence; Thailand 

Abstract : Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is frequently associated with large expansions of the cytosine-thymine-guanine (CTG) repeat in the 

myotonic dystrophy protein kinase gene (DMPK). The frequency of distribution of the CTG repeat length in normal alleles of 

several populations is well correlated with the prevalence of DM. Therefore, we studied the CTG repeat length of the DMPK 

gene in DM patients and controls in Thailand. Only seven typical patients with DM from six unrelated families were identified, 

all with large pathological CTG repeat expansions (>400 repeats) in the DMPK gene. Only 2.75% of controls had normal CTG 

repeat alleles >18 repeats. The frequency distribution of the CTG-repeat alleles in the normal Thai population is similar to 

that of the Taiwanese population (χ2 with Yates correction = 1.393; p = 0.2379). These data suggest that the incidence of DM 

might be rare in Thailand, where the risk of developing DM is possibly similar to that in Taiwan. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights 

reserved. 

No.1515 

Author (s) : Theerawit, P., Vongsoasup, A., Kiatboonsri, S. 

Title : Identifying non-tuberculous mycobacterium lung diseases in acid-fast bacilli positive patients 



Keywords : Acid-fast bacilli; Identification; Non-tuberculous mycobacterium 

Abstract : We conducted a case-control study by comparing the clinical and radiographic features of acid-fast bacilli positive patients 

with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) to those with non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) lung diseases diagnosed according to 

American Thoracic Society (ATS) criteria. The occurrence of NTM lung disease was associated with persistence in symptoms 

after the fifth month of treatment (p=0.018), middle lobe involvement (p


Keywords : Hyperthyroidism; Iodine-131; Radio-iodine uptake; Radioiodine 

Abstract : Objective: To compare the effectiveness of radioiodine therapy with estimated dose and calculated dose in hyperthyroid 

patients. Material and Method: A prospective randomized study in 144 hyperthyroid patients referred for 131I treatment was 

performed between June and December 2007. The patients were divided into two groups according to the I dose 

administered, estimated group using dose based on gland size and calculated group using dose based on both gland size and 

24-hour 131I uptake. Outcome assessment was done at 12 months post-treatment. Results: Eleven of 144 patients were 

excluded due to loss to follow-up and five became euthyroid before 131I treatment. Fifty-six of 128 patients (45.3%) 

experienced persistent/recurrent hyperthyroidism, 26 (20.3%) developed hypothyroidism, and 44 (34.4%) were euthyroid. 

Outcome was unrelated to the methods of I-131 dosing. Only gender and goiter size were found to be correlated with the 

clinical outcomes. Conclusion: An estimated I-131 dosing method using gland size determined by palpation is as effective as 

calculated method using 131I uptake. This method is more cost effective and brings greater patient convenience. 

No.1518 

Author (s) : Thiramanas, R., Wanotayan, R., Rahong, S., Jangpatarapongsa, K., Tangboriboonrat, P., Polpanich, D. 

Title : Improving malaria diagnosis via latex immunoagglutination assay in microfluidic device 



Keywords : Latex immunoagglutination assay; Malaria diagnosis; Microfluidic device 

Abstract : Attempt to improve latex immunoagglutination assay, a rapid method in medical diagnostics, reporting as quantitative results 

was interested in this study by using microfluidic device. Sensitized latex was produced by physical adsorption of human 

polyclonal IgG antibody to Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite onto carboxylated polystyrene particle. Conventional 

latex agglutination assay was firstly performed to verify specific interaction of antibody on the bead surface versus antigen in 

malaria plasma. The agglutinate size around 30 μm was observed under optical microscope. The proportion of the plasma 

and the particle was optimized, and an appropriate ratio was applied in microfluidic device. Three patterns of the device 

were used with the agglutinate size comparison after 10 min as followed: rapid mixing > U-shaped loop > straight capillary 

Yjunction patterns. However, compared with patient plasma, small agglutinates were also observed when using normal 

serum. © (2010) Trans Tech Publications. 

No.1519 

Author (s) : Thitilertdecha, P.; Akkarasereenont, P.; Laohapand, T.; Rowan, M. G.; Guy, R.H. 

Title : Formulation optimisation for the topical delivery of active agents in traditional medicines 

Source : JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY, Volume: 62, Issue: 10, Special Issue: SI, Pages: 1272-1273, Published: OCT 2010 




No.1520 

Author (s) : Thitithanyanont, A., Engering, A., Uiprasertkul, M., Ekchariyawat, P., Wiboon-ut, S., Kraivong, R., Limsalakpetch, A., Kum-Arb, U., 

Yongvanitchit, K., Sa-Ard-Iam, N., Rukyen, P., Mahanonda, R., Kawkitinarong, K., Auewarakul, P., Utaisincharoen, P., Sirisinha, S., 

Mason, C.J., Fukuda, M.M., Pichyangkul, S. 

Title : Antiviral immune responses in H5N1-infected human lung tissue and possible mechanisms underlying the hyperproduction of 

interferon-inducible protein IP-10 

Source : Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Volume 398, Issue 4, August 2010, Pages 752-758 


Keywords : H5N1 autopsy; H5N1-infected human pulmonary cells; IFN-α; IP-10; MxA; TNF-α 

Abstract : Information on the immune response against H5N1 within the lung is lacking. Here we describe the sustained antiviral 

immune responses, as indicated by the expression of MxA protein and IFN-α mRNA, in autopsy lung tissue from an H5N1infected 

patient. H5N1 infection of primary bronchial/tracheal epithelial cells and lung microvascular endothelial cells 

induced IP-10, and also up-regulated the retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I). Down-regulation of RIG-I gene expression 

decreased IP-10 response. Co-culturing of H5N1-infected pulmonary cells with TNF-α led to synergistically enhanced 

production of IP-10. In the absence of viral infection, TNF-α and IFN-α also synergistically enhanced IP-10 response. 

Methylprednisolone showed only a partial inhibitory effect on this chemokine response. Our findings strongly suggest that 

552


both the H5N1 virus and the locally produced antiviral cytokines; IFN-α and TNF-α may have an important role in inducing 

IP-10 hyperresponse, leading to inflammatory damage in infected lung. © 2010. 

No.1521 

Author (s) : Thongboonkerd, V. 

Title : Current status of renal and urinary proteomics: Ready for routine clinical application 

Source : Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, Volume 25, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 11-16 


Keywords : Biomarker discovery; Kidney; Proteome; Proteomics; Urine 


No.1522 

Author (s) : Thongboonkerd, V. 

Title : Proteomics in extracorporeal blood purification and peritoneal dialysis 

Source : JOURNAL OF PROTEOMICS, Volume: 73, Issue: 3, Special Issue: SI, Pages: 521-526, DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2009.06.003, Published: 

JAN 3 2010 


Keywords : Acute kidney injury; Artificial organ; Blood purification; Dialysate; ESRD; Hemodialysis; Liver failure; Peritoneal dialysis; 

Plasmapheresis; Proteome; Proteomics; Renal replacement therapy 

Abstract : Extracorporeal blood purification and peritoneal dialysis are widely used in renal replacement therapy for patients with endstage 

renal disease (ESRD) and acute kidney injury (AKI). Additionally, extracorporeal blood purification can be used also for 

treatment of non-renal disorders to remove endogenous or exogenous toxins from the blood circulation. Efforts have been 

made to characterize these toxins removed by diffusion (dialysis), convection (ultrafiltration), and/or adsorption (toxins are 

adsorbed onto the dialysis membrane and are thus removed) using different types of dialysis membrane. This review 

summarizes important findings obtained from recent proteomic studies applied to extracorporeal blood purification and 

peritoneal dialysis in settings of ESRD, AKI and hepatic failure. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.1523 

Author (s) : Thonglon, T., Chaikum, N. 

Title : Magnetic fingerprint powder from a mineral indigenous to Thailand 

Source : Journal of Forensic Sciences, Volume 55, Issue 5, September 2010, Pages 1343-1346 


Keywords : fingerprint minutiae; fingerprint powder; forensic science; magnetic powder; magnetite; mixed magnetic powder; nickel 

powder 

Abstract : A study was conducted to investigate whether natural magnetite (Fe 3O4), which is an abundant mineral in Thailand, could 

be used as a magnetic powder in the detection of latent fingerprints. Because of the presence of impurities, powdered 

magnetite is only weakly attracted by a magnet and cannot be used as a magnetic fingerprint powder by itself. Mixing a small 

amount of magnetite powder with nickel powder greatly enhances the magnetic attraction. A mixture of magnetite powder 

and nickel powder in a mass ratio of approximately 1:100 was found to be suitable for use as a magnetic fingerprint powder. 

Fingerprints developed using the magnetite/nickel mixture on nonporous surfaces were found to exhibit good adherence and 

clarity. Using an automated fingerprint identification system, the number of minutiae detected in fingerprints developed by 

using the prepared powder on nonporous surfaces was found to be comparable to those detected in fingerprints developed 

by using a commercial black magnetic powder. The cost is lowered by more than 60%. © 2010 American Academy of 

Forensic Sciences. 

No.1524 

Author (s) : Thong-On, A., Smittipat, N., Juthayothin, T., Yanai, H., Yamada, N., Yorsangsukkamol, J., Chaiprasert, A., Rienthong, D., Billamas, 

P., Palittapongarnpim, P. 

Title : Variable-number tandem repeats typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates with low copy numbers of IS6110 in Thailand 

Source : Tuberculosis, Volume 90, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 9-15 


Keywords : Genotyping; IS6110-RFLP; Low-copy-number isolates; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Spoligotyping; VNTR typing 

553


Abstract : Spoligotyping and variable-number tandem repeats (VNTR) typing have been increasingly used for differentiating 

Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains with low copy numbers of IS6110. However, there are few studies comparing their 

potential to type the strains originating from South and Southeast Asia where many of the isolates have only a few copies, or 

even single copy, of IS6110. Here, we evaluated the genotyping of 187 M. tuberculosis isolates harboring 1-6 copies of IS6110, 

available from a population-based study in Chiangrai, northern Thailand during 1998-2000, using spoligotyping and VNTR 

typing. The low-copy-number isolates constituted about 34% of all M. tuberculosis isolated in the province. Discriminating 

capacities and cluster identification by the two methods were compared with each other and to those obtained by the 

standard IS6110-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. We found that VNTR typing based on the studied 

10-loci set generated more distinct patterns (151 patterns) than spoligotyping (54 patterns) and IS6110-RFLP (65 patterns). 

Most of the RFLP- or spoligotyping-defined clusters were subdivided by VNTR typing. Combining IS6110-RFLP with VNTR typing 

produced 164 distinct patterns and 21.9% of clustered isolates whereas the combination of IS6110-RFLP and spoligotyping 

gave 103 different patterns and 59.4% of clustered isolates. Our results confirm the utility of VNTR typing as the secondary 

method of choice for investigating the epidemiology of M. tuberculosis with low copy numbers of IS6110. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. 


No.1525 

Author (s) : Thongratsakul, S., Suzuki, Y., Hiramatsu, H., Sakpuaram, T., Sirinarumitr, T., Poolkhet, C., Moonjit, P., Yodsheewan, R., Songserm, 

T. 

Title : Avian and human influenza a virus receptors in trachea and lung of animals 



Keywords : Host; Influenza a viruses; Lectin histochemistry; Lung; Receptors; Trachea 

Abstract : Background: Influenza A viruses are capable of crossing the specific barrier between human beings and animals resulting in 

interspecies transmission. The important factor of potential infectivity of influenza A viruses is the suitability of the receptor 

binding site of the host and viruses. The affinities of avian and human influenza virus to bind with the receptors and the 

distributions of receptors in animals are different. Objective: This study aims to investigate the anatomical distribution of avian 

and human influenza virus receptors using the double staining lectin histochemistry method. Methods: Double staining of 

lectin histochemistry was performed to identify both SA α2,3 Gal and SA α2,6 Gal receptors in trachea and lung tissue of 

dogs, cats, tigers, ferret, pigs, ducks and chickens. Results: We have demonstrated that avian and human influenza virus 

receptors were abundantly present in trachea, bronchus and bronchiole, but in alveoli of dogs, cats and tigers showed SA 

α2,6 Gal only. Furthermore, endothelial cells in lung tissues showed presence of SA α2,3 Gal. Conclusion: The positive sites 

of both receptors in respiratory tract, especially in the trachea, suggest that all mammalian species studied can be infected 

with avian influenza virus. These findings suggested that dogs and cats in close contact with humans should be of greater 

concern as an intermediate host for avian influenza A in which there is the potential for viral adaptation and reassortment. 

No.1526 

Author (s) : Thongtan, T., Cheepsunthorn, P., Chaiworakul, V., Rattanarungsan, C., Wikan, N., Smith, D.R. 

Title : Highly permissive infection of microglial cells by Japanese encephalitis virus: a possible role as a viral reservoir 

Source : Microbes and Infection, Volume 12, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 37-45 


Keywords : nitric oxide; animal cell, apoptosis, article, cell structure, controlled study, epidemic encephalitis, immunofluorescence 

microscopy, infection sensitivity, Japanese encephalitis virus, microglia, mouse, neuroblastoma cell, nonhuman, nucleotide 

sequence, persistent virus infection, priority journal, virion, virus concentration, virus detection, virus replication; 

Animals, Apoptosis, Cell Line, Encephalitis Virus, Japanese, Mice, Microglia, Neurons, Nitric Oxide; Flavivirus, Japanese 

encephalitis virus 

Abstract : Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a mosquito-borne Flavivirus, is a major cause of acute encephalitis, and neurons have been 

proposed to be the principle JEV target cells in the central nervous system. However, clinically, infection with JEV leads to 

increased levels of cytokines and chemokines in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) the levels of which correlate with 

the mortality rate of patients. This research aimed to study the role of microglial cells in JEV infection. Mouse microglial cells 

(BV-2) supported the replication of JEV with extracellular production of virus by 10 h post-infection, and virus titer reached a 

maximum (2.55 × 1010 pfu/ml) by day 3 post-infection. While apoptosis was induced in response to virus infection, no 

alteration in nitric oxide production was observed. Microglial cells remained productively infected with JEV for up to 16 weeks 

554


without significant morphological alterations, and the released virions were infectious to mouse neuroblastoma (NA) cells. 

The high virus production and long persistence of JEV in microglial cells suggests that these cells may serve as viral reservoirs 

for the infection of neurons in the CNS. © 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. 

No.1527 

Author (s) : Thonpho, A.; Sereeruk, C.; Rojvirat, P.; Jitrapakdee, S. 

Title : Identification of the cyclic AMP responsive element (CRE) that mediates transcriptional regulation of the pyruvate carboxylase 

gene in HepG2 cells 

Source : BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS, Volume: 393, Issue: 4, Pages: 714-719, DOI: 

10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.02.067, Published: MAR 19 2010 


Keywords : Pyruvate carboxylase; Gluconeogenesis; Biotin-enzyme; cAMP; cAMP-responsive element binding protein; HepG2 

Abstract : Pyruvate carboxylase (PC) catalyzes the first committed step in gluconeogenesis. Here we investigated the effect of various 

hormones including cAMP, dexamethasone and insulin on the abundance of PC mRNA in the human hepatocyte cell line, 

HepG2. Treatment of HepG2 cells with 1 mu M of glucagon increased the expression of PC mRNA threefold within 72 h. 

Treatment with 1 mM 8-Br-cAMP caused the abundance of PC mRNA to increase by 2-3-fold by 48 h, peak at fourfold at 72 h, 

and remain unchanged to 96 h. This is in contrast to phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) for which expression was 

decreased after 72 h, suggesting a distinct difference in the control of these two enzymes in the long term. Dexamethasone 

or insulin alone did not affect the abundance of PC mRNA whereas treatment of HepG2 cells with the combination of 1 mM 

8-Br-cAMP and 0.5 mu M dexamethasone further increased the abundance of PC mRNA, suggesting the predominant role of 8- 

Br-cAMP over dexamethasone. Transient transfection of the luciferase reporter construct driven by a 1.95 kbp 5'-flanking 

sequence of the mouse PC gene and a plasmid encoding the human cAMP-responsive element binding protein increased 

luciferase reporter activity to 7-fold similar to that observed with a PEPCK promoter-luciferase reporter construct. Deletion of 

the 5'-flanking region of the PC gene to 781 bp resulted in the complete loss of CREB-mediated induction of reporter gene, 

suggesting the presence of the cAMP-responsive unit is located between 1.95 kbp and 781 bp upstream of the mouse PC 

gene. Electrophoretic mobility shifted and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that CREB bind to 1639/-1631 

CRE of mouse PC gene in vitro and in vivo, respectively. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 

No.1528 

Author (s) : Thueng-in, K., Maneewatch, S., Srimanote, P., Songserm, T., Tapchaisri, P., Sookrung, N., Tongtawe, P., Channarong, S., 

Chaicumpa, W. 

Title : Heterosubtypic immunity to influenza mediated by liposome adjuvanted H5N1 recombinant protein vaccines 

Source : Vaccine, Volume 28, Issue 41, September 2010, Pages 6765-6777 


Keywords : Cytokines; Cytotoxic lymphocytes; H1N1; H5N1; Heterosubtypic immunity; Immune 

response; Immunization; Influenza; Influenza vaccine; Intramuscular; Liposome; M2 protein; Mice; Nucleoprotein 

(NP); RT-PCR 

Abstract : A non-egg, non-culture based influenza vaccine that intervenes large influenza outbreaks and protects against heterosubtypic 

infections is needed. Candidates of such vaccine are likely to be conserved influenza virus proteins or their coding DNA. The 

vaccine must be conveniently produced at reasonable cost, safe, highly immunogenic and should be able to recall rapidly 

the immunological memory upon the antigenic re-exposure. In this study vaccines made of full length recombinant NP and 

M2 of the H5N1 influenza A virus were entrapped either alone or together into liposome (L) made of phosphatidylcholine 

and cholesterol. The vaccines (L-NP, L-M2 or L-NP+M2) and mocks (L or PBS) were safe without causing any adverse reaction 

in the intramuscularly injected mice. They were readily immunogenic at a single dose and a recalled response could be 

detected within one day post booster. Cytokine and antibody data indicated that the vaccines induced a Th1 bias immune 

response. NP containing vaccines stimulated a marked increase of cytotoxic lymphocytes, i.e., CD8+, intracellular IFNγ+ cells, 

while M2 containing vaccines elicited good antibody response which neutralized infectivity of heterologous influenza viruses. 

Although the three vaccines elicited different immunological defense factors; nevertheless, they similarly and readily 

abrogated lung histopathology mediated by viruses belonging to different H5N1 clade/subclade and heterosubtypes including 

swine H1N1 and human H1N1/2009 viruses. They protected the vaccinated mice against lethal challenges with mouse 

adapted avian H5N1 virus. The liposome adjuvanted vaccines which demonstrated high protective efficacy in mice warrant 

testing further in a non-rodent model as well as in humans. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. 

555


No.1529 

Author (s) : Thumpimukvatana, N., Wongpraparut, C., Lim, H.W. 

Title : Scleredema diabeticorum successfully treated with ultraviolet A1 phototherapy 

Source : Journal of Dermatology, Volume 37, Issue 12, December 2010, Pages 1036-1039 


Keywords : diabetes mellitus; phototherapy; scleredema; ultraviolet A1 

Abstract : Scleredema diabeticorum is an uncommon condition. It is one of the cutaneous manifestations in diabetes mellitus that 

mainly occurs in obese middle-aged men with insulin-resistant diabetes. This condition is generally recalcitrant to therapy. 

Various treatments have been tried with inconsistent results. Here, we describe two cases of scleredema diabeticorum with 

substantial clinical improvement from a course of medium dose (60 J/cm2) ultraviolet A1 radiation therapy. © 2010 Japanese 

Dermatological Association. 

No.1530 

Author (s) : Tirakunwichcha, S., Rengwanidchakul, E., Asawaphureekorn, S., Tengtrisorn, S., Juangphanich, K., Suramethakul, P., Pornpanich, 

K. 

Title : Incidence of acquired lacrimal drainage system obstruction in epiphoric patients in Thailand 



Keywords : Dacryocystitis; Epidemiology; Epiphora; Incidence; Lacrimal duct obstruction 

Abstract : Background: There were few reports regarding the incidence of the acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction , and the 

incidence in different geography or countries might be alike. Since the nasolacrimal drainage system obstruction is a common 

problem in Thailand, knowledge of the incidence may disclose the burden of the disease that has never been reported. 

Objectives: Evaluate the incidence of acquired lacrimal drainage system obstruction (ALDO) in Thailand. Methods: This study 

was conducted in multi-centers. It was based on prospective and descriptive design. All patients with epiphoric symptoms 

visiting the outpatient departments of five tertiary eyecare centers were recruited between 2004 and 2007. Features of 

epiphoric symptoms and medical history were recorded, and complete ophthalmic examinations were performed. Results: 

Epiphoric patients were enrolled from all medical centers with 245 eligible patients, female:male ratio was 4.2:1. Ninety-nine 

patients (40%) had duration of epiphoric symptoms between one-five years. ALDO was found in 111 patients (45%) with 

female preponderance (6.9:1). Seventy-one patients (64%) had pre-sac obstruction and 40 patients (36%) had post-sac 

obstruction. Among other causes of epiphora, dry eye was the most common. Conclusion: The most common cause of 

epiphora was ALDO. The four-year incidence rate of ALDO among epiphoric patients was 45%. 

No.1531 

Author (s) : Tocharus, J., Khonthun, C., Chongthammakun, S., Govitrapong, P. 

Title : Melatonin attenuates methamphetamine-induced overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in microglial cell lines 

Source : Journal of Pineal Research, Volume 48, Issue 4, May 2010, Pages 347-352 


Keywords : Melatonin; Methamphetamine; Microglia; Pro-inflammatory cytokines 

Abstract : Methamphetamine (METH), the most commonly abused drug, has long been known to induce neurotoxicity. METH causes 

oxidative stress and inflammation, as well as the overproduction of both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen 

species (RNS). The role of METH-induced brain inflammation remains unclear. Imbroglio activation contributes to the neuronal 

damage that accompanies injury, disease and inflammation. METH may activate microglia to produce neuroinflammatory 

molecules. In highly aggressively proliferating immortalized (HAPI) cells, a rat microglial cell line, METH reduced cell viability in 

a concentration- and time-dependent manner and initiated the expression of interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and 

tumor necrosis factor α. METH also induced the production of both ROS and RNS in microglial cells. Pretreatment with 

melatonin, a major secretory product of the pineal gland, abolished METH-induced toxicity, suppressed ROS and RNS 

formation and also had an inhibitory effect on cytotoxic factor gene expression. The expression of cytotoxic factors produced 

by microglia may contribute to central nervous system degeneration in amphetamine abusers. Melatonin attenuates METH 

toxicity and inhibits the expression of cytotoxic factor genes associated with ROS and RNS neutralization in HAPI microglia. 

Thus, melatonin might be one of the neuroprotective agents induced by METH toxicity and/or other immunogens. © 2010 

John Wiley & Sons A/S. 

556


No.1532 

Author (s) : To-im, J., Tianchai, C., Tianchai, N., Ketpichainarong, W., Jittam, P., Sriwattanarothai, N., Ruenwongsa, P. 

Title : Using a local water problem as case-based scenario to encourage thai grade 8 students' learning of science 



Keywords : Case-based scenario; Learning; Local water problem; Science 

Abstract : The study reported here encouraged students to learn about water resource by using a case scenario on local water 

problems. After each group of students studied the case, students were asked to search for more information on local water 

resources, water quality, and comparative quality of water. A local sage was invited to give a talk to the students who later 

used the knowledge gained to discuss the way to solve the case problems. Students reported their ideas to friends as well as 

constructed their own webblog to present what they had learned. Students' presentation, report, webblog, concept map, 

pre-post test, and observation were used to assess their achievements from this lesson. The average score was 75.38 from 

100 points indicating that most students achieved the objectives of the lesson. They could build knowledge from the case, 

search for information on their own, and discuss with friends as well as present the understanding via the webblog. Some 

problems still need to be solved such as allowing for more time and providing computer each for the student who did not 

own one. © Common Ground, Jongdee To-im, Chakpet Tianchai, Nantawadee Tianchai, Watcharee Ketpichainarong, Piyachat 

Jittam, Namkang Sriwattanarothai, Pintip Ruenwongsa. 

No.1533 

Author (s) : Tomita, S., Arphorn, S., Muto, T., Koetkhlai, K., Naing, S.S., Chaikittiporn, C. 

Title : Prevalence and risk factors of low back pain among Thai and Myanmar migrant seafood processing factory workers in samut 

sakorn province, Thailand 

Source : Industrial Health, Volume 48, Issue 3, May 2010, Pages 283-291 


Keywords : Cross-sectional study; Food processing worker; Low back pain; Migrant worker; Working condition 

Abstract : This study assessed the prevalence of low back pain (LBP) and investigated risk factors for LBP among seafood processing 

factory workers in Thailand including migrant workers. The subjects were Thai and Myanmar workers in the typical seafood 

processing factory. A cross-sectional study was carried out with a self-administered questionnaire. Prevalence of LBP, general 

characteristics, life style, and working condition were investigated. The associations between LBP and risk factors were 

estimated by multiple logistic regression models. Of 254 workers, 165 completed the questionnaire. Half of these workers 

were Thai, the others were from Myanmar. The point prevalence of LBP was 28.5%. Risk factors for LBP were age over 40 yr, 

poor health status, history of back injury, twisting posture at work, and slipping on wet floors. The results suggest that health 

promotion should focus on working conditions rather than individual life style in order to prevent LBP. Furthermore, greater 

attention to other risk factors such as history of back injury and perception of health status after regular health check up, 

especially in older age groups may be needed. 

No.1534 

Author (s) : Tongdee, T., Amornvittayachan, O., Tongdee, R. 

Title : Accuracy of multidetector computed tomography cholangiography in evaluation of cause of biliary tract obstruction 



Keywords : Biliary tract obstruction; Jaundice; Multidetector computed tomography cholangiography 

Abstract : Objective: To evaluate accuracy of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) cholangiography in evaluation of cause of 

biliary tract obstruction. Material and Method: MDCT cholangiographs of 50 patients with clinically suspected biliary tract 

obstruction were retrospectively reconstructed and reviewed. The causes of obstruction identified by MDCT were divided into 

three groups including calculus, benign stricture, and malignancy. Final diagnosis was based on pathological diagnosis or 

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography or follow-up. The MDCT diagnosis and final diagnosis were compared. 

Results: The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative redictive value of MDCT cholangiography for 

detection of calculus, benign stricture, and malignancy were 91.7-100%, except for sensitivity and positive predictive value for 

detection of benign stricture, which were 66.7% and 66.7% respectively. Conclusion: MDCT cholangiography is a fast, 

noninvasive technique that offers high diagnostic accuracy in evaluation of cause of biliary tract obstruction. 

557


No.1535 

Author (s) : Tongjaroenbuangam, W.; Govitrapong, P. 

Title : EXPRESSION OF NMDA RECEPTOR IN PARAVENTRICULAR NUCLEUS AFTER OKRA (ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS LINN.), 

QUERCETIN AND RUTIN TREATED IN DEX-INDUCED STRESS MICE 





No.1536 

Author (s) : Tongmee, P., Punnakitidashem, P. 

Title : Impact of customer relationship management implementation on service operations management 

Source : 2010 7th International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management, Proceedings of ICSSSM' 10, 2010, Article 

number 5530195, Pages 462-467 


Keywords : CRM; Customer relationship management; Operations management; Service encounter; Service operations 

Abstract : Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is one of key strategic tools for companies to enhance their relationship with 

customers. There is a significant impact of CRM implementation on customer services through improvement of customer 

service efficiency and effectiveness. Nevertheless, impact of CRM implementation on service operations management has not 

been addressed in literature. In this paper, the comprehensive review of marketing, sales, information technology and service 

operations management literature is conducted focusing on CRM implementation and service encounter. The conceptual 

model of adapted technology-facilitated service encounter is proposed from literature review and in depth study of two 

models which are service encounter triad and technology in service encounter model. The proposed model indicates that 

service culture, empowerment, control system, contact personnel selection, training and ethical climate are the service 

components impacted by CRM implementation. In additional, an analysis of CRM critical success factors is conducted 

together with the impacted components. The result indicates that service culture and contact personnel training are the two 

components which should be focused by service operations manager in order to ensure the success of CRM implementation 

and the fast return on CRM investment. Further discussion is noted to suggest additional components which should be 

considered as well as the future research study. ©2010 IEEE. 

No.1537 

Author (s) : Tongrod, N., Kerdcharoen, T., Watthanawisuth, N., Tuantranont, A. 

Title : A low-cost data-glove for human computer interaction based on ink-jet printed sensors and ZigBee networks 

Source : Proceedings - International Symposium on Wearable Computers, ISWC, 2010, Article number 5665850, 2p 


Keywords : Conductive Polymer, Cost data, Data glove, Hand tracking, Ink-jet, PEDOT:PSS, Photo papers, Printed sensors, Telerobotics, 

ZigBee networks, ZigBee technology; Human computer interaction, Wearable computers; Sensors 

Abstract : In this paper, a data-glove based on new kind of sensors is presented as an alternative to expensive devices. These sensors 

were realized using a conductive polymer (PEDOT:PSS) thin film printed on glossy photo paper. To demonstrate the printed 

sensors, we constructed a data glove using such sensors and developed software for real-time hand tracking. Wireless 

networks based on low-cost ZigBee technology were used to transfer data from the glove to a computer. This data-glove is 

very useful in many contexts such as telerobotics, rehabilitation and HCI applications. 

No.1538 

Author (s) : Toniti, P., Sirivisoot, S., Jandee, P., Srimontri, P., Puchadapirom, P., Doungchawee, G., Kasorndorkbua, C. 

Title : AE1/AE3, Vimentin and p63 immunolocalization in canine mammary gland tumours: Roles in differentiation between luminal 

epithelial and myoepithelial lineages 



Keywords : Canine mammary tumors; Luminal epithelial; Marker immunohistochemistry; Myoepithelial 

Abstract : Mammary tumors are by far the most common tumors in female dogs and effective treatment relies on prompt and accurate 

diagnostic procedures. Canine mammary tumors may originate from various cell types, such as luminal epithelial, 

558


myoepithelial and stromal cells. This study aimed to differentiate luminal epithelial and myoepithelial lineages, using specific 

markers including AE1/AE3, Vimentin, and p63. Such data can be useful for prognosis. Canine mammary tumors were 

collected by surgical resection and tissue samples were investigated using the avidin-biotin-immunoperoxidase method with 

used primary antibodies against AE1/AE3, vimentin, and p63. Luminal epithelial-origin tumors were found to be 

immunoreactive with AE1/AE3 and vimentin monoclonal antibody, while myoepithelial-origin tumors were positive for p63 

and vimentin. In addition, canine mixed tumors showed reactivity with all three antibodies. In summary, AE1/AE3, p63 and 

vimentin can be used as specific immunohistochemical markers to distinguish lumino-epithelial and myoepithelial lineages of 

canine mammary tumors. 

No.1539 

Author (s) : Toomtong, P., Suksompong, S. 

Title : Intravenous fluids for abdominal aortic surgery. 

Source : Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online), Issue 1, 2010, Pages CD000991 


Keywords : abdominal aorta, abdominal aorta aneurysm, arteriosclerosis, bleeding, colloid, fluid therapy, human, meta 

analysis, randomized controlled trial, review, solution and solubility; Aorta, Abdominal, Aortic Aneurysm, 

Abdominal, Arteriosclerosis, Blood Loss, Surgical, Colloids, Fluid Therapy, Humans, Randomized Controlled Trials as 

Topic, Solutions 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: Surgery on the abdominal aorta to treat aneurysms or occlusive disease is a major undertaking which requires 

intensive physiological support and fluid management. Blood products are often used but the main fluid replacement is with 

crystalloids or colloids. For years there has been controversy over which fluid is optimal and a number of studies have 

examined the subject. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 2000 and previously updated in 2002. 

OBJECTIVES: To determine the effectiveness of different non-blood replacement fluids used in abdominal aorta procedures 

with a view to identifying the optimal fluid for use. SEARCH STRATEGY: The Cochrane Peripheral Vascular Diseases Group 

searched their Specialised Register (August 2009) and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The 

Cochrane Library 2009, Issue 3) for publications describing randomised controlled trials of non-blood replacement fluids in 

abdominal aortic surgery. In addition, the reference lists from retrieved trials were screened for further information about 

trials. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials assessing the effects of at least one specific non-blood fluid used for 

replacement therapy in operations on, and confined to, the abdominal aorta. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Data were 

extracted and then entered into the Review Manager software where statistical analyses were performed. MAIN RESULTS: 

Thirty-eight trials involving 1589 patients were included. Patients undergoing aortic surgery had various physiological 

parameters measured before and after their operation (these were cardiac, respiratory, haematological, and biochemical). 

Patients were randomised to a fluid type. This review demonstrated that no single fluid affects any outcome measure 

significantly more than another fluid across a range of outcomes. The death rate in these studies was 2.45% (39 patients). 

AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Despite the confirmed beneficial effects of colloids in this review, further studies are still required. 

There are no studies examining the effects of combination fluid therapy. The primary research outcome was death, for which 

results were limited; therefore, future studies should pay more attention to short-term outcomes such as minimising the 

need for allogenic blood transfusion, complications (organ failure), and length of stay in both the intensive care unit and 

hospital. 

No.1540 

Author (s) : Tosanguan, K.; Kapol, N.; Thavorncharoensap, M.; Suksomboon, N. 

Title : PERSPECTIVE OF THAI HEALTH-CARE PROFESSIONALS ON THAI HERBAL MEDICINE POLICY 





No.1541 

Author (s) : Toskulkao, T., Pornchai, R., Akkarapatumwong, V., Vatanatunyakum, S., Govitrapong, P. 

Title : Alteration of lymphocyte opioid receptors in methadone maintenance subjects 

Source : Neurochemistry International, Volume 56, Issue 2, January 2010, Pages 285-290 

559



Keywords : Heroin-abuse; Immune function; Lymphocyte; Methadone; Morphine; Naloxone; Opioid receptor 

Abstract : Methadone maintenance therapy is the most widely used treatment in patients with heroin addiction. Multiple studies have 

suggested that both current and former heroin addicts entering a methadone maintenance treatment program have altered 

immune function. Our previous study indicated that heroin addicts have depressed mitogen-stimulated lymphocyte 

proliferation and a decrease in the modulation of lymphocyte surface markers. This immunosuppression may be mediated via 

the direct interaction of opiates with lymphocyte opioid receptors. In order to test this hypothesis, the levels of opioid 

receptors on immune cells obtained from heroin users were determined using saturation binding, and it was found that 

former heroin addicts on methadone maintenance treatment had a significantly reduced maximum number (Bmax) of 

[3H]naloxone binding. The Bmax values were 51.3±7.6fmol/mg protein for the non-addicted group and 25.3±3.1fmol/mg 

protein for the methadone maintenance group. Opioid receptor gene expression on the immune cell was determined using a 

semi-quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction technique with specific pairs of primers to amplify mu- and 

delta-opioid receptor mRNAs. Both types of mRNAs were significantly decreased in lymphocytes obtained from the former 

heroin addicts on methadone maintenance subjects. Similarly, in an in vitro study, 100μM methadone significantly downregulated 

both mu- and delta-opioid receptor mRNA expressions in cultured lymphocytes obtained from naïve subjects. This 

effect was prevented by including 100μM naloxone or pretreating with 50ng/ml pertussis toxin. The data presented indicate 

that chronic opiate exposure was associated with down-regulation of G-protein-coupled opioid receptor gene expression in 

human lymphocytes. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. 

No.1542 

Author (s) : Totanarungroj, K., Watcharaporn, C., Muangman, N. 

Title : Helpful CT findings for giving specific diagnosis of anterior mediastinal tumors 



Keywords : Anterior mediastinal tumor; Computed tomography; Germ cell tumor; Lymphoma; Thymoma 

Abstract : Objective: To characterize the CT features of common anterior mediastinal tumors and evaluate CT findings that may help in 

suggesting specific diagnosis among these tumors. Material and Method: Fifty chest CT studies with pathological diagnosis of 

thymoma (n = 28), mediastinal germ cell tumor (n = 14) and lymphoma (n = 8) were retrospectively reviewed by two 

radiologists who were blind to the pathological results. The CT findings of fat, cyst and calcification within the lesion, contrast 

enhancement, associated intrathoracic findings such as mediastinal invasion and lymph node enlargement were evaluated. 

Results: Fat density within the mass was present in 57.1% with germ cell tumor, which was significantly higher than other 

anterior mediastinal tumors (p < 0.05). The presence of associated mediastinal lymphadenopathy was significantly found in 

lymphoma (75.0%) compared to other tumors (p < 0.05). The other CT findings showed no significant difference among these 

diseases (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The CT findings that help in giving specific diagnosis of anterior mediastinal tumors which are 

fat attenuation and associated mediastinal lymphadenopathy. The presence of fat attenuation is highly suggestive of germ 

cell tumor and anterior mediastinal mass associated with mediastinal lymphadenopathy elsewhere is indicative of lymphoma. 

No.1543 

Author (s) : Traiperm, P., Boonkerd, T., Chantaranothai, P., Simpson, D.A. 

Title : Mnesithea thailandica a new species of Poaceae from Thailand 

Source : Kew Bulletin, Volume 65, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 341-343 


Keywords : Coelorachis; Mnesithea; Mnesithea thailandica; new species; Rottboelliinae; Thailand 

Abstract : Mnesithea thailandica, a new species of Poaceae subtribe Rottboelliinae from Thailand, is described and illustrated. © 2010 

The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 

No.1544 

Author (s) : Traiphol, R., Charoenthai, N., Srikhirin, T., Perahia, D. 

Title : Self-assembling into interconnected nanoribbons in thin films of hairy rod poly(9,9-di(2-ethylhexyl)fluorene): Effects of 

concentration, substrate and solvent 

Source : Synthetic Metals, Volume 160, Issue 11-12, June 2010, Pages 1318-1324 


560


Keywords : Aggregates; Conjugated polymer; Nanostructures; Photophysics; Self-organization 

Abstract : This study utilizes atomic force microscopy to investigate the self-assembling behaviors from dilute solution into thin film of a 

well-known conjugated polymer, poly(9,9-di(2-ethylhexyl)fluorene) (PF2/6). We have found that the structures of nanoscale 

aggregates depend on various experimental parameters including concentration, substrate and solvent. The self-assembling of 

PF2/6 from 0.05 mg/mL solution in toluene onto SiOx/Si substrate results in the formation of interconnected nanoribbons 

with thickness and width of about 20 and 150 nm, respectively. Varying polymer concentration and type of substrate (SiOx/Si 

or mica) significantly affects the nanoscale structures. The change of solvent to chlorobenzene, a slightly more polar solvent 

with slower evaporation rate, causes the growth of ribbon width to micron size with slight increase of the thickness. When the 

solvents with higher evaporation rate (i.e. chloroform and dichloromethane) are used, densely packed nanoribbons are 

obtained. Its width also grows to micron size. The measurements of UV/vis absorption and photoluminescence spectra detect 

some discrepancies in pattern, reflecting the variation of local chain organization within thin films prepared by using different 

solvents. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.1545 

Author (s) : Traiphol, R., Pattanatornchai, T., Srikhirin, T., Kerdcharoen, T., Osotchan, T. 

Title : Effects of steric anthracene moieties and keto defects on photophysics and color stability of poly(9,9-di(2-ethylhexyl)fluorenestat-anthracene) 

in different local environments 

Source : Macromolecular Research, Volume 18, Issue 12, December 2010, Pages 1182-1190 


Keywords : Aggregates; Conjugated polymers; Excimers; Optical materials; Photoluminescence spectroscopy; Self-assembling 

Abstract : UV/vis absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy were used to examine the photophysical properties of statistical 

copolymers, poly(9,9-di(2-ethylhexyl)fluorene-stat-anthracene), with the mole ratio of the anthracene group ranging from 0 to 

20%. The incorporation of the anthracene group into the conjugated backbone of the polyfluorene affected the PL pattern 

and quantum yield of the isolated chain in a dilute solution. An investigation of the photophysical properties in solventnonsolvent 

system revealed the formation of low-energy non-emissive and emissive aggregates. The quantity of these 

aggregated species depends significantly on the mole ratio of anthracene group in the polymer backbone. The existence of 

only 5 mol% of anthracene in the copolymer causes significant suppression of the well-known green emission (λ̃525 nm). 

However, a large quantity of non-emissive aggregates indicated by the red-shift peak at ̃415 nm in absorption spectra still 

formed. Increasing the mole ratio of the anthracene group to 20% suppressed both types of aggregates. Measurements of the 

absorption and PL spectra in the thin films showed consistent results. Although annealing of the homopolymer polyfluorene 

films at 150 °C in a vacuum oven caused a drastic increase in green emission, only a slight change was detected in the PL 

spectra of the copolymers. The presence of oxygen during annealing promoted the green emission of the polymer films. 

No.1546 

Author (s) : Traiphol, R., Potai, R., Charoenthai, N., Srikhirin, T., Kerdcharoen, T., Osotchan, T 

Title : Effects of Chain conformation and Chain length on degree of aggregation in assembled particles of conjugated polymer in 

solvents-nonsolvent: A spectroscopic study 

Source : Journal of Polymer Science, Part B: Polymer Physics, Volume 48, Issue 8, 15 April 2010, Pages 894-904 


Keywords : Aggregation; Colloids; Conjugated polymers; Photophysics; Self-assembly; Solvent effect 

Abstract : This article explores photophysical properties and aggregation behaviors of conjugated polymer, poly[2-methoxy, 5-(2'ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] 

(MEH-PPV), in various solvent-nonsolvent systems by utilizing UV/vis absorption and 

photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The isolated chains of MEH-PPV dispersed in solvents including dichloromethane, 

chloroform, and tetrahydrofuran adopt either extended or collapsed conformations depending on local polymer-solvent 

interactions. Aggregation of the MEH-PPV in these solvents is induced by addition of a poor solvent, cyclohexane. The 

formation of aggregates is indicated by the appearance of distinct red-shift peaks in the absorption and PL spectra. The 

degree of aggregation in each solvent-nonsolvent system is compared by means of absorbance and PL intensity of the 

aggregate bands. In early stage of the aggregation, the amount of aggregates in system is controlled by the solubility of 

polymer. When the polymer chains are forced to densely pack within assembled particles by increasing ratio of cyclohexane 

to 99 v/v %, the conformation of individual chain plays important role. We have found that the extended chains facilitate the 

aggregation in the assembled particles. Increasing chain length of polymer promotes the aggregation in early stage and 

561


densely packed particles. Size distribution of the assembled particles is also found to depend on the choice of solvent. © 

2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 

No.1547 

Author (s) : Trakarnsanga, A., Sriprayoon, T., Akaraviputh, T., Tongdee, T. 

Title : Massive hemobilia from a ruptured hepatic artery aneurysm detected by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and successfully 

treated 

Source : Endoscopy, Volume 42, Issue SUPPL. 2, 2010, Pages E340-E341 


Keywords : enbucrilate; aneurysm, artificial embolism, case report, diagnostic test accuracy study, endoscopic echography, endoscopic 

retrograde cholangiopancreatography, hemobilia, hepatic artery, human, jaundice, liver artery aneurysm, liver 

disease, male, note, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, priority journal, radiodiagnosis 


No.1548 

Author (s) : Trakarnvanich, T., Chalapipat, O., Disthabanchong, S., Kurathong, S., Praditpornsilpa, K., Stitchantrakul, W., Chailurkit, L.-O. 

Title : Effect of high dose ergocalciferol in chronic kidney disease patients with 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency 



Keywords : 25-hydroxyvitamin D; Ergocalciferol; Hyperparathyroidism; PTH; Vitamin D 

Abstract : Objective: To evaluate 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D) deficiency in a cohort of predialysis CKD patients and the treatment 

effect and safety of high dose ergocalciferol supplement in predialysis CKD. Material and Method: Fifty-six predialysis CKD 

patients who came for a regular visit at a single hospital with calculated glomerular filtration rate ≤ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 were 

screened for 25-OH-D levels. Forty-four patients with 25-OH-D deficiency were recruited into this prospective observational 

study that examined the effect of high dose oral ergocalciferol supplementation. After eight weeks, 37 patients completed 

the follow-up and biochemical parameters were reevaluated and analyzed. Results: The mean 25-OH-D level of 56 patients 

was 25.6 ± 8 ng/mL. Forty-four (78.5%) patients had 25-OH-D levels less than 30 ng/mL and four (7.1%) had severe deficiency 

with the level less than 15 ng/mL. High dose ergocalciferol upplement successively increased 25-OH-D levels in 35 (95%) 

patients. 25-OH-D levels increased significantly from 22 ± 4.8 to 34.5 ± 10.8 ng/mL after eight weeks (p < 0.001). During the 

study period, there were no changes in serum calcium, phosphate, and PTH. There was no other side effect associated with 

the treatment. Conclusion: 25-OH-D deficiency were found in this cohort of predialysis CKD patients. Ergocalciferol was a safe 

and effective supplement for the 25-OH-D in predialysis CKD. 

No.1549 

Author (s) : Treegate, K., Rasamessard, A., Osotchan, T., Hodak, J.H. 

Title : X-Y sample scanning stage and calibration method suitable for single-molecule detection 

Source : Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical, Volume 150, Issue 1, 21 October 2010, Pages 239-246 


Keywords : Fluorescence spectroscopy; Optical detection; Scanning confocal microscopy; Single molecule spectroscopy 

Abstract : This paper describes the construction of a positioning device for sample scanning in the x and y directions suitable for single 

molecule fluorescence experiments. The mechanism uses a simple parallelogram flexure cut out of a single aluminum plate 

and two amplified piezoelectric actuators of the type used for microscope objective focus adjustment. A displacement range 

of 75 μm on each axis is obtained. The stage can be used to implement a sample scanning confocal microscope for single 

molecule spectroscopy applications using either inverted or up-right microscopes. Images with diffraction limited resolution 

can be obtained with this scanning stage. This is demonstrated by imaging glass beads labeled with the DY475 fluorescent 

dye and single rhodamine molecules. Micron sized range images of 256 × 256 pixels can be obtained with dwell times down 

to 0.5 ms/pixel. A novel direct calibration in which the mechanical response obtained from the line profiles for forward and 

reverse motion is used to account for the hysteresis of the stage. The target molecules are then located within the focus of 

the laser beam by using its corrected position. The performance of this scanning device and correction technique are 

demonstrated for the acquisition of fluorescence trajectories of individual rhodamine molecules. © 2010 Published by 

Elsevier B.V. 

562


No.1550 

Author (s) : Treekitkarnmongkol, W., Suthiphongchai, T. 

Title : High expression of ErbB2 contributes to cholangiocarcinoma cell invasion and proliferation through AKT/p70S6K 

Source : World Journal of Gastroenterology, Volume 16, Issue 32, 28 August 2010, Pages 4047-4054 


Keywords : Akt; Cell proliferation; Cholangiocarcinoma; Erbb2; Invasion; P70s6k 

Abstract : AIM: To compare the impact of ErbB2 on cell invasion and proliferation in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cell lines. METHODS: 

Level of endogenous ErbB2 expression in three CCA cell lines, namely HuCCA-1, KKU-100 and KKU-M213, was determined by 

real-time reversetranscriptase polymerase chain reaction. Two ErbB2 inhibitory methods, a small molecule ErbB2 kinase 

inhibitor (AG825) and siRNA, were used to disrupt ErbB2 function in the cell lines. CCA cell invasion, motility and proliferation 

under ErbB2-disrupted conditions were detected using Transwell and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)- 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium 

bromide assays. In addition, ErbB2 downstream effectors were investigated by Western blotting analysis. RESULTS: 

Suppression of ErbB2 activity, using a specific kinase inhibitor (AG825), reduced invasion, motility and proliferation of all three 

CCA cell lines. The ability of this drug to inhibit neoplastic properties (invasion, motility and proliferation) increased 

concomitantly with the level of ErbB2 expression. Similarly, knockdown of ErbB2 level by siRNA inhibited cell invasion and 

proliferation of KKU-M213, a high-ErbB2-expressing cell, better than those of the lower-ErbB2-expressing cells, HuCCA-1 and 

KKU-100. Thus, both inhibitory methods indicated that there is more ErbB2-dependency for malignancy of the high-ErbB2expressing 

cell, KKU-M213, than for that of low-ErbB2-expressing ones. In addition, interrupting ErbB2 activity decreased 

phosphorylation of AKT and p70S6K, but not extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, in the high-ErbB2-expressing CCA cell 

line. CONCLUSION: Our data indicated that high ErbB2 expression enhances CCA invasion, motility and proliferation via the 

AKT/p70S6K pathway, which suggests the possibility of targeting these molecules for CCA therapy © 2010 Baishideng. 

No.1551 

Author (s) : Treepongkaruna, S., Pienvichit, P., Phuapradit, P., Kodcharin, P., Wattanasirichaigoon, D. 

Title : Mutations of ATP7B gene in two Thai siblings with Wilson disease 



Keywords : ATP7B gene; Cirrhosis; Liver disease; Wilson disease 

Abstract : Background: Wilson disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism caused by mutations in ATP7B 

gene. Objective: Report the clinical data and mutation analysis of two Thai siblings suspected of WD. Subject and methods: A 

13-year-old boy who presented with cirrhosis, arthralgia, hypoalbuminemia, and coagulopathy, and his 11-year-old sister who 

was asymptomatic but had hepatomegaly with elevation of transaminases, were studied. Mutation analysis of ATP7B gene 

and mRNA analysis was performed in both patients and their parents. Results: Investigations were consistent with WD, and 

their liver diseases improved after standard treatment for WD. DNA analyses in these two patients revealed two novel 

mutations, which were a deletion of the first 2bp of exon 6 (c.1870-1871delGA), and a single base substitution from A to G at 

nucleotide 4075 (c.4075A>G) in the exon 20 (p.M1359V). PCR-restriction digestion with NcoI restriction enzyme was employed 

as the second method for confirmation of the c.4075A>G mutation and for rapid screening in 100 chromosomes from 

unrelated healthy controls, and this variant was not present in the controls. The c.1870-1871delGA deletion caused a 

frameshift effect, which results in a premature stop codon (p.E624fsX753), and the p.M1359V mutation is a substitution of 

methionine with valine, which may have effects upon its orientation and interaction with other adjacent amino acids. 

Conclusion: Two novel mutations of ATP7B gene were identified in two Thai siblings with WD. 

No.1552 

Author (s) : Treeprasertsuk, S., Silachamroon, U., Krudsood, S., Huntrup, A., Suwannakudt, P., Vannaphan, S., Wilairatana, P. 

Title : Ursodeoxycholic acid and artesunate in the treatment of severe falciparum malaria patients with jaundice 

Source : Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Volume 25, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 362-368 


Keywords : Artesunate; Falciparum malaria; Jaundice; Ursodeoxycholic acid 

Abstract : Background and Aims: Plasmodium falciparum (PF) infection can lead to severe complications. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is 

increasingly used for the treatment of cholestatic liver diseases. The present study aims to determine the effects of 

combined UDCA and artesunate compared to placebo and artesunate on the improvement of liver tests in severe PF 

jaundiced patients. Methods: All severe PF jaundiced patients, aged ≥ 15 years and diagnosed as having severe malaria 

563


according to WHO 2000 criteria, were enrolled. Patients with evidence of biliary obstruction, other cholestatic liver diseases 

and those who were pregnant were excluded. Patients were randomized to receive either oral UDCA or placebo for 2 weeks 

in additional to artesunate. All patients were admitted for at least 14 days to monitor the result of the treatment. Results: 

Seventy-four severe PF malaria patients with jaundice were enrolled. Both groups had similar demographic and laboratory 

tests, with the exception being more males in the UDCA group than in the placebo group (P = 0.04). The median of 

percentage change of total bilirubin and aminotransferase levels at the end of weeks 1, 2, 3 and 4 showed no difference 

between the two groups. Only the median of percentage change of alkaline phosphatase at the end of week one compared 

with the baseline values showed less increment in the UDCA group than in the placebo group (P = 0.04). No serious adverse 

events were seen during the 4 weeks of follow up. Conclusions: In severe PF malaria patients with jaundice, combined 

therapy with UDCA and artesunate is safe, but does not significantly improve liver tests compared to placebo and artesunate. 

© 2010 Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Foundation and Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd. 

No.1553 

Author (s) : Tresilwised, N., Pithayanukul, P., Mykhaylyk, O., Holm, P.S., Holzmüller, R., Anton, M., Thalhammer, S., Adigüzel, D., Döblinger, 

M., Plank, C. 

Title : Boosting oncolytic adenovirus potency with magnetic nanoparticles and magnetic force 

Source : Molecular Pharmaceutics, Volume 7, Issue 4, 2 August 2010, Pages 1069-1089 


Keywords : magnetic drug targeting; magnetic nanoparticles; magnetofection; Oncolytic adenovirus 

Abstract : Oncolytic adenoviruses rank among the most promising innovative agents in cancer therapy. We examined the potential of 

boosting the efficacy of the oncolytic adenovirus dl520 by associating it with magnetic nanoparticles and magnetic-fieldguided 

infection in multidrug-resistant (MDR) cancer cells in vitro and upon intratumoral injection in vivo. The virus was 

complexed by self-assembly with core-'shell nanoparticles having a magnetite core of about 10 nm and stabilized by a shell 

containing 68 mass % lithium 3-[2-(perfluoroalkyl) ethylthio]propionate) and 32 mass % 25 kDa branched polyethylenimine. 

Optimized virus binding, sufficiently stable in 50% fetal calf serum, was found at nanoparticle-to-virus ratios of 5 fg of Fe per 

physical virus particle (VP) and above. As estimated from magnetophoretic mobility measurements, 3,600 to 4,500 magnetite 

nanocrystallites were associated per virus particle. Ultrastructural analysis by electron and atomic force microscopy showed 

structurally intact viruses surrounded by magnetic particles that occasionally bridged several virus particles. Viral uptake into 

cells at a given virus dose was enhanced 10-fold compared to nonmagnetic virus when infections were carried out under the 

influence of a magnetic field. Increased virus internalization resulted in a 10-fold enhancement of the oncolytic potency in 

terms of the dose required for killing 50% of the target cells (IC50 value) and an enhancement of 4 orders of magnitude in 

virus progeny formation at equal input virus doses compared to nonmagnetic viruses. Furthermore, the full oncolytic effect 

developed within two days postinfection compared with six days in a nonmagnetic virus as a reference. Plotting target cell 

viability versus internalized virus particles for magnetic and nonmagnetic virus showed that the inherent oncolytic productivity 

of the virus remained unchanged upon association with magnetic nanoparticles. Hence, we conclude that the mechanism of 

boosting the oncolytic effect by magnetic force is mainly due to the improved internalization of magnetic virus complexes 

resulting in potentiated virus progeny formation. Upon intratumoral injection and application of a gradient magnetic field in a 

murine xenograft model, magnetic virus complexes exhibited a stronger oncolytic effect than adenovirus alone. We propose 

that this approach would be useful during in vivo administration to tumor-feeding blood vessels to boost the efficacy of the 

primary infection cycle within the tumor. For systemic application, further modification of magnetic adenovirus complexes for 

shielding and retargeting of the whole magnetic virus complex entity is needed. © 2010 American Chemical Society. 

No.1554 

Author (s) : Tresukosol, D., Pornratanarangsi, S., Chotinaiwattarakul, C., Tungsubutra, W., Phankingthongkum, R., Wongpraparut, N., Lirdwilai, 

T., Dapang, T., Panchavinnin, P. 

Title : Evaluation of the firebird sirololimus eluting stent in all comers with coronary artery stenosis. 



Keywords : immunosuppressive agent, rapamycin; aged, angiocardiography, article, coronary artery disease, coronary artery 

obstruction, drug eluting stent, evaluation, female, follow up, human, male, methodology, middle aged, prospective 

study, radiography, register, survival, Thailand, transluminal coronary angioplasty, treatment outcome; Aged, Aged, 80 and 

over, Angioplasty, Transluminal, Percutaneous Coronary, Coronary Angiography, Coronary Artery Disease, Coronary 

564


Stenosis, Drug-Eluting Stents, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents, Male, Middle 

Aged, Prospective Studies, Registries, Sirolimus, Survival, Thailand, Treatment Outcome 

Abstract : OBJECTIVE: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been widely used to treat obstructive coronary artery disease. With 

the advent of drug-eluting stent (DES) in real world registry was proved as promising therapy. The limitation of the use of DES 

is the limited health care expenditure. We propose the use of Chinese made DES among Thai patients and that this will solve 

the cost issue. The clinical result of this DES has not been well known. METHODS: Prospective study from November 2005 to 

March 2007 using the structured registry form to evaluate the safety and efficacy of new Chinese made Firebird sirolimus 

eluting stent (Firebird SES) on clinical parameters from in-hospital, 30 days and 12 months or longer term follow-up. End 

point is major adverse cardiac event (MACE) including death, MI, TLR and CABG at 30 day and cumulative MACE at 12 month 

follow-up. RESULTS: Ninety consecutive patients who were treated with Firebird stent implantation (107 target lesions) were 

analyzed. Angiographic success (defined as < 30% diameter stenosis) was 85%. Procedure success was 77.8%. MACE at 30 day 

was 16.6%, cumulative MACE at 12 months was 18.8%. There were total 9 deaths during the study period, two deaths 

occurred at before 30 days, 3 deaths occurred before 12 months and other 4 deaths occurred after 12 months to 1305 days. 

Eighty patients (88.9%) had either office visit or telephone call follow-up after 12 months, 38 patients (42.2%) underwent 

clinical driven coronary arteriography, binary restenosis was 26.3%. Shock and smoking history was the analyzed predictor of 

MACE at follow-up. CONCLUSION: The implantation of Firebird DES in unselected patients (all comers) is safe, effective and 

could be an alternative choice of stent for Thai patients. 

No.1555 

Author (s) : Tresukosol, D., Sudjaritruk, S., Pornratanarangsi, S., Chotinaiwattarakul, C., Phankingthongkum, R., Tungsubutra, W., 

Wongpraparat, N., Lerdwilai, T., Panchavinnin, P. 

Title : Early and intermediate outcomes of left main coronary intervention. 



Keywords : acetylsalicylic acid, antithrombocytic agent, clopidogrel, drug derivative, ticlopidine; aged, angiocardiography, article, coronary 

artery disease, coronary blood vessel, echography, female, follow up, heart left ventricle 

function, human, male, methodology, middle aged, radiography, retrospective study, stent, survival, time, transluminal 

coronary angioplasty, treatment outcome; Aged, Angioplasty, Transluminal, Percutaneous Coronary, Aspirin, Coronary 

Angiography, Coronary Disease, Coronary Vessels, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Platelet 

Aggregation Inhibitors, Retrospective Studies, Stents, Survival, Ticlopidine, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Ventricular 

Function, Left 

Abstract : OBJECTIVE: We examined the immediate and long-term outcomes after stenting of all comers for left main coronary artery 

(LMCA) stenoses. BACKGROUND: Left main coronary artery disease is regarded as an absolute contraindication for coronary 

angioplasty. Recently, several reports on protected or unprotected LMCA stenting, or both, suggested the possibility of 

percutaneous intervention for this prohibited area. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Eighty-one consecutive patients with LMCA 

stenoses were treated with stents. The post-stent antithrombotic regimens were aspirin and clopidogrel. The major adverse 

cardiac events (MACE) including death, Q-wave myocardial infarction, or repeat target lesion revascularization were followed. 

Patients were followed very closely and all attended office visit at 12 months. RESULTS: The procedural success rate was 

86.4%, with no episodes of acute thrombosis. Follow-up angiography was performed in 30 of 65 eligible patients (46.2%). 

Angiographic restenosis occurred in eight patients (9.9%). Cumulative death occurred in 16 patients (19.7%). MACE at 30 day 

and 12-month was 12.3% and 33.3% respectively. From multivariate analysis, dialysis (HR =3.22, p = 0.048), urgent PCI (HR 

=2.39, p = 0.036), post-procedure TIMI flow < 3 (HR =25.99, p = 0.001) and final kissing balloon inflation (HR = 0.30, p = 0.04) 

were independent predictors of MACE at 12-month. There was one definite late stent thrombosis (1.2%). CONCLUSION: 

Stenting of LMCA stenosis may be a safe and effective alternative to CABG in carefully selected patients. Further studies in 

larger patient populations are needed to assess late outcome. 

No.1556 

Author (s) : Tribuddharat, C., Polwichai, P., Champreeda, P., Srifuengfung, S. 

Title : The sequence of pbp2b from penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Thailand. 



565


Keywords : aminoacyltransferase, antiinfective agent, bacterial protein, cefotaxime, penicillin binding protein, penicillin binding protein 2b, 

Streptococcus, penicillin derivative, penicillin-binding protein 2b, Streptococcus; amino acid sequence, article, bacterial 

gene, drug effect, gene amplification, genetics, genotype, human, isolation and purification, microbiological 

examination, molecular genetics, mutation, nucleotide sequence, penicillin resistance, polymerase chain 

reaction, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Thailand; Amino Acid Sequence, Aminoacyltransferases, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacterial 

Proteins, Base Sequence, Cefotaxime, Gene Amplification, Genes, Bacterial, Genotype, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity 

Tests, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutation, Penicillin Resistance, Penicillin-Binding Proteins, Penicillins, Polymerase Chain 

Reaction, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Thailand 

Abstract : Penicillin resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates results from altered penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), especially 

PBP2, which has a reduced affinity to penicillin. This study evaluated drug resistance and the gene sequence of the conserved 

motif pbp2b of penicillin-resistant isolates in Thailand. Penicillin-resistant pneumococci with minimum inhibitory 

concentrations (MIC) for penicillin > or = microg/ ml and penicillin-susceptible strains were identified from clinical specimens. 

The pbp2b genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the purified PCR product was cloned into E. coli. 

The recombinant plasmid clones containing pbp2b were sequenced and evaluated for mutations corresponding to penicillin 

and cefotaxime resistance. Penicillin-susceptible S. pneumoniae isolates were susceptible to 12 other antibiotics tested (range 

95-100%) while penicillin-nonsusceptible isolates were resistant to most antibiotics except amoxicillin/clavulanate and 

levofloxacin. Sequence analysis of pbp2b showed a substitution of A for T451 next to the region of the SSN triad in all six 

resistant isolates tested and mutations clustered around the KTG triad in two isolates. Using the ClustalW alignment program, 

Thai isolates differed from those of European countries, but were more similar to those from Japan than Korea. Penicillin or 

cefotaxime resistance in S. pneumoniae in Thailand was due to affinity reduction of PBP2b, similar to changes found in other 

Asian isolates. 

No.1557 

Author (s) : Tricou, V., Minh, N.N., van, T.P., Lee, S.J., Farrar, J., Wills, B., Tran, H.T., Simmons, C.P. 

Title : A randomized controlled trial of chloroquine for the treatment of dengue in vietnamese adults 

Source : PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Volume 4, Issue 8, August 2010, Article number e785 


Keywords : chloroquine, interleukin 10, interleukin 12p70, interleukin 1beta, interleukin 6, interleukin 8, nonstructural protein 

1, placebo, tumor necrosis factor alpha, antivirus agent, virus antigen; adult, anorexia, article, blood transfusion, CD4+ T 

lymphocyte, CD8+ T lymphocyte, clinical trial, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, cytokine release, dengue, Dengue 

virus 1, Dengue virus 2, Dengue virus 3, Dengue virus 4, double blind procedure, drug efficacy, female, fever, fluid 

therapy, hematemesis, human, incidence, major clinical study, male, randomized controlled trial, T lymphocyte 

activation, thrombocyte count, Viet Nam, viremia, vomiting, adolescent, blood, pathology, time, virology, virus load; 

Adolescent, Adult, Antigens, Viral, Antiviral Agents, Chloroquine, Dengue, Double-Blind 

Method, Female, Humans, Male, Placebos, Time Factors, Vietnam, Viral Load, Viremia, Young Adult 

Abstract : Background:There is currently no licensed antiviral drug for treatment of dengue. Chloroquine (CQ) inhibits the replication of 

dengue virus (DENV) in vitro. Methods and Findings:A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of CQ in 307 adults 

hospitalized for suspected DENV infection was conducted at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases (Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam) 

between May 2007 and July 2008. Patients with illness histories of 72 hours or less were randomized to a 3-day course of CQ 

(n = 153) or placebo (n = 154). Laboratory-confirmation of DENV infection was made in 257 (84%) patients. The primary 

endpoints were time to resolution of DENV viraemia and time to resolution of DENV NS1 antigenaemia. In patients treated 

with CQ there was a trend toward a longer duration of DENV viraemia (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.80, 95% CI 0.62?1.05), but we did 

not find any difference for the time to resolution of NS1 antigenaemia (HR = 1.07, 95% CI 0.76?1.51). Interestingly, CQ was 

associated with a significant reduction in fever clearance time in the intention-to-treat population (HR = 1.37, 95% CI 

1.08?1.74) but not in the per-protocol population. There was also a trend towards a lower incidence of dengue hemorrhagic 

fever (odds ratio = 0.60, PP 95% CI 0.34-1.04) in patients treated with CQ. Differences in levels of T cell activation or pro- or 

antiinflammatory plasma cytokine concentrations between CQ- and placebo-treated patients did not explain the trend 

towards less dengue hemorrhagic fever in the CQ arm. CQ was associated with significantly more adverse events, primarily 

vomiting. Conclusions:CQ does not reduce the durations of viraemia and NS1 antigenaemia in dengue patients. Further trials, 

with appropriate endpoints, would be required to determine if CQ treatment has any clinical benefit in dengue. © 2010 

Tricou et al. 

566


No.1558 

Author (s) : Tritilanunt, S. 

Title : Performance evaluation of non-parallelizable client puzzles for defeating DoS attacks in authentication protocols 

Source : Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in 

Bioinformatics), Volume 6166 LNCS, 2010, Pages 358-365 


Keywords : Authentication protocols, Client puzzles, DoS attacks, Performance analysis, Performance evaluation; 

Authentication, Computer crime; Data privacy 

Abstract : We provides an evaluation of non-parallelizable puzzles used to prevent DoS in authentication protocols. With an evaluation 

based on a simulation and performance analysis, this approach helps a responder to resist against DoS, as well as improves 

the throughput of services for legitimate clients. Another key strength is that the construction and verification at the 

responder is simple and fast. © 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. 

No.1559 

Author (s) : Tritilanunt, S., Sivakorn, S., Juengjincharoen, C., Siripornpisan, A. 

Title : Entropy-based input-output traffic mode detection scheme for DoS/DDoS attacks 


5665097, Pages 804-809 


Keywords : DoS/DDoS attacks; Entropy-based detection 

Abstract : Denial-of-service attacks (DoS) and distributed denial-of-service attacks (DDoS) attempt to temporarily disrupt users or 

computer resources to cause service unavailability to legitimate users in the internetworking system. The most common type 

of DoS attack occurs when adversaries flood a large amount of bogus data to interfere or disrupt the service on the server. By 

using a volume-based scheme to detect such attacks, this technique would not be able to inspect short-term denial-ofservice 

attacks, as well as cannot distinguish between heavy load from legitimate users and huge number of bogus messages 

from attackers. As a result, this paper provides a detection mechanism based on a technique of entropy-based input-output 

traffic mode detection scheme. The experimental results demonstrate that our approach is able to detect several kinds of 

denial-of-service attacks, even small spike of such attacks. ©2010 IEEE. 

No.1560 

Author (s) : Tu, H.A.T.; Riewpaiboon, A.; Woerdenbag, H.J.; Postma, M.J.; Li, S.C. 

Title : COST-OF-ILLNESS OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS B INFECTION IN VIETNAM 





No.1561 

Author (s) : Tuchinda, P., Gaspari, A.A. 

Title : Langerhans cells in allergic contact dermatitis 

Source : Giornale Italiano di Dermatologia e Venereologia, Volume 145, Issue 6, December 2010, Pages 747-762 


Keywords : Antigen presentation; Dermatitis, allergic contact; Immune modulation; Langerhans cells 

Abstract : Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a common skin disease that has significant socio-economic impact ACD is mediated by a Tcell 

mediated inflammatory reaction. Langerhans cells (LCs) are an epidermal DCs subset specialized in antigen presentation. 

After hapten exposure, LCs play a major role as in induction adaptive immune response against allergens. LCs recognize, take 

up and process haptens and migrate to the local draining lymph nodes. However, LCs specific functions and the LCs 

migration to local draining lymph nodes are not yet clearly defined. Recent advance in the knowledge of LCs function has 

increased in the past decades including the evidence for a tolerogenic function of LCs. The present review will focus on the 

role for LCs response to contact allergens. 

567


No.1562 

Author (s) : Tummaruk, P., Kesdangsakonwut, S., Prapasarakul, N., Kaeoket, K. 

Title : Endometritis in gilts: Reproductive data, bacterial culture, histopathology, and infiltration of immune cells in the endometrium 

Source : Comparative Clinical Pathology, Volume 19, Issue 6, December 2010, Pages 575-584 


Keywords : Bacteria; Endometritis; Gilt; Immune cells; Reproduction 

Abstract : The aim of the present study was to quantify the number of immune cells infiltrated in the endometrium of endometritis 

gilts. Based on gross morphology, a selected 28 genital organs of endometritis gilts were investigated. The gilts were classified 

according to the ovarian appearance into three groups, i. e. follicular, luteal, and ovarian quiescent phases. Historical data, 

reason for culling, histopathology, bacterial identification, and number and type of immune cells in different layers of the 

endometrium were examined. The gilts were culled at 336 ± 63 days of age at a body weight of 142 ± 20 kg. The culling 

reasons included abnormal vaginal discharge (n = 10), repeat breeding (n = 6), anestrus (n = 6), abortion (n = 4), and not 

pregnant (n = 2). Bacteria identified from pus exudates included Escherichia coli (33.3%), Staphylococcus sp. (17.5%), αhemolytic 

Streptococcus sp. (14.3%), and β-hemolytic Streptococcus sp. (9.5%). Neutrophils were the most common 

immune cells in the epithelial and subepithelial tissue layers of the endometrium, while lymphocytes were the most 

common immune cells in the glandular layer. Neutrophils in the epithelial and subepithelial layers of the endometrium in 

the luteal phase were lower than in the follicular and ovarian quiescent phase. During the acute stage, neutrophils were the 

most common immune cells in the endometrium, while during the chronic stages, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and 

eosinophils were the dominant immune cells. In conclusion, the number and type of immune cells in the endometrium of 

the endometritis gilts varied according to both the reproductive cycles and the stage of endometritis. Neutrophils, 

lymphocytes, plasma cells, and eosinophils indicate stages and the severity of endometritis. © 2009 Springer-Verlag London 

Limited. 

No.1563 

Author (s) : Tummaruk, P., Tienthai, P., Manee-In, S., Srisuwatanasagul, S. 

Title : Expression of progesterone receptor in the utero-tubal junction after intra-uterine and deep intra-uterine insemination in sows 

Source : Reproduction in Domestic Animals, Volume 45, Issue 5, October 2010, Pages e26-e31 


Keywords : progesterone, progesterone receptor; animal, animal disease, article, artificial insemination, female, gene expression 

regulation, genetics, metabolism, methodology, physiology, swine, uterine tube, uterus; Animals, Fallopian 

Tubes, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Insemination, Artificial, Progesterone, Receptors, Progesterone, Swine, Uterus; 

Suidae 

Abstract : The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of progesterone receptor (PR) in the utero-tubal junction (UTJ) of sows 

at 24 h after intra-uterine insemination (IUI) and deep intra-uterine insemination (DIUI) compared with conventional artificial 

insemination (AI) in pigs. Fifteen multiparous sows were used: AI (n = 5), IUI (n = 5) and DIUI (n = 5). The sows were 

inseminated with a single dose of diluted semen during the second oestrus after weaning at 6-8 h prior to ovulation (AI: 3000 

× 106 spermatozoa, IUI: 1000 × 106 spermatozoa and DIUI: 150 × 106 spermatozoa). The UTJ was collected and subject to 

immunohistochemical staining using avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase technique with mouse monoclonal antibody to PR. In 

the oviductal part of the UTJ, the intensity of PR in the tunica muscularis and the proportion of PR-positive cells in the 

surface epithelium after DIUI were lower than AI (p < 0.05). The intensity and the proportion of PR-positive cells between AI 

and IUI in all compartments of the UTJ did not differ significantly (p > 0.05). When comparing between tissue 

compartments, prominent staining was observed in the muscular layer of the UTJ. It could be concluded that the expression 

of PR in the UTJ prior to fertilization after DIUI with a reduced number of spermatozoa was lower than that after AI. This 

might influence sperm transportation and the fertilization process. © 2009 Blackwell Verlag GmbH. 

No.1564 

Author (s) : Tungtrongchitr, A., Sookrung, N., Indrawattana, N., Kwangsi, S., Ongrotchanakun, J., Chaicumpa, W. 

Title : Giardia intestinalis in Thailand: Identification of genotypes 

Source : Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, Volume 28, Issue 1, February 2010, Pages 42-52 


Keywords : ß-giardin; Genotyping; Giardia duodenalis; Giardia intestinalis; Giardiasis; Glutamate dehydrogenase; Thailand; Triose 

phosphate isomerase 

568


Abstract : This study was undertaken to determine the genetic diversities of Giardia intestinalis isolated in Thailand. G. intestinalis cysts 

were collected from stool samples of 61 subjects residing in Bangkok or in rural communities of Thailand with and without 

gastrointestinal symptoms. All the cyst samples gave positive tpi amplicons (100% sensitivity), either of the 148-or the 81-bp 

tpi segments. Cyst assemblage identification of the 148- and 81-bp tpi gene segments by polymerase chain reaction showed 

that 8% of the cysts were assemblage A, 41% assemblage A and B combined, and 51% assemblage B. The prevalence of 

assemblage A was significantly lower than that of assemblage B and the mixed types. Restriction fragment length 

polymorphism (RFLP) of the 384-bp ß-giardin gene segment revealed that 12% and 88% of the assemblage A cysts were AI 

and AII respectively. RFLP, based on the 432-bp gdh gene segment, showed 45.5% of the assemblage B cysts to be BIII and 

54.5% to be BIV. The AI sub-assemblage was less prevalent than the others. All subjects with AI and 50% of the subjects with 

BIII sub-assemblage cysts were symptomatic; 80% of symptomatic Bangkok residents were adults/elderly while 85% of the 

rural cases were children. © International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh. 

No.1565 

Author (s) : Tungtrongchitr, R., Phonrat, B., Yamborisut, U., Popruk, S., Tungtrongchitr, A. 

Title : Relationship between α-MSH, soluble leptin receptor, MC4R polymorphism and BMI in Thai children and adolescents 

Source : Journal of Pediatric Biochemistry, Volume 1, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 303-308 


Keywords : α-melanocortin stimulating hormone; body mass index; melanocortin -4 receptor; soluble leptin receptor 

Abstract : In order to evaluate the mechanism of disturbance of melanocortin signaling in different groups of Thai children and 

adolescents classified according to body mass index (BMI) percentile for age by The Centers for Disease Control and 

Prevention (CDC) growth charts, and α-melanocortin stimulating hormone (α-MSH), soluble leptin receptor and melanocortin 

-4 receptor (MC4R) polymorphism were studied. 149 male and 127 female children and adolescent Thai subjects with age 

range between 5-19 years were selected. Statistically significant difference of serum leptin receptor concentration between 

under weight (< 5th percentile), possible at risk for underweight (between 5th and 15th percentile), probably healthy 

(between 15th and 85th percentile); at risk for overweight (between the 85th and 95th percentile) and overweight (over the 

95th percentile) were found. The levels of α-MSH were not significantly different when comparing the groups. Heterozygous 

of MC4R polymorphism (Val103Ile) were found in underweight, possible at risk for underweight and probably healthy group 

which might have been the cause of lower BMI for age even they have had normal serum α-MSH concentration. Using the 

logistic regression analysis, the group of risk for being overweight and overweight was statistically significant with α-MSH. This 

study supported a positive correlation between α-MSH and BMI with ages of Thai children and adolescents group. © 

2010/2011 - IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved. 

No.1566 

Author (s) : Tunpiboonsak, S., Mongkolrob, R., Kitudomsub, K., Thanwatanaying, P., Kiettipirodom, W., Tungboontina, Y., Tungpradabkul, S. 

Title : Role of a Burkholderia pseudomallei polyphosphate kinase in an oxidative stress response, motilities, and biofilm formation 

Source : Journal of Microbiology, Volume 48, Issue 1, March 2010, Pages 63-70 


Keywords : B. mallei; B. pseudomallei; Biofilm; Flagellin; Oxidative stress; Polyphosphate kinase 

Abstract : Burkholderia pseudomallei, a motile and rod Gram-negative bacterium, is the causative agent of melioidosis. The bacterium is 

an intracellular pathogen and that motility is generally crucial for their survival in a natural environment and for systemic 

infection inside a host. We report here a role of B. pseudomallei polyphosphate kinase in virulence, such as an oxidative 

stress response, motilities and biofilm formation. The polyphosphate kinase (ppk) mutant is susceptible to hydrogen peroxide 

in an oxidative stress condition, unable to perform swimming, swarming motilities, and has lower density biofilm forming 

capacity than the wild-type strain. We also demonstrated that both polyphosphate kinase and motile flagella are essential 

and independently involved in biofilm formation. The B. pseudomallei flagellin (fliC) mutant and B. mallei, a nonmotile 

species, are shown to produce higher density biofilm formation than the ppk mutant, but less than wild type B. 

pseudomallei. © 2010 The Microbiological Society of Korea. 

No.1567 

Author (s) : Tunthong, R.; Vathesatogkit, P.; Yamwong, S.; Sukasem, C.; Chantratita, W.; Angchaisuksiri, P.; Chuncharunee, S.; Sura, T.; 

Boonbaichaiyapruck, S.; Sritara, P. 

569


Title : Inverse effect of cytochrome P450 2C19 polymorphisms on platelet response in clopidogrel low-responsive patient receiving 

higher dose adjustment 





No.1568 

Author (s) : Tuntikulwattana, S., Mitrevej, A., Kerdcharoen, T., Williams, D.B., Sinchaipanid, N. 

Title : Development and optimization of micro/nanoporous osmotic pump tablets 

Source : AAPS PharmSciTech, Volume 11, Issue 2, June 2010, Pages 924-935 


Keywords : Drug release; Micro/nanoporous semipermeable membrane; Osmotic pump tablet; PVP; Response surface methodology 

Abstract : Micro/nanoporous osmotic pump tablets coated with cellulose acetate containing polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP) as pore formers 

were fabricated. Propranolol hydrochloride was used as a model drug in this study. Formulation optimization based on USP 

31 requirements was conducted following a central composite design using a two-level factorial plan involving two 

membrane variables (pore former and coating levels). Effect of molecular weight of pore former (PVP K30 and PVP K90) was 

also evaluated. Responses of drug release to the variables were analyzed using statistical software (MINITAB 14). Scanning 

electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy showed that the pores formed by PVP. The drug release was dependent 

on the molecular weight and concentration of PVP and the level of coating. The results showed that acceptable 12-h profile 

could be achieved with only specific range of PVP K30-containing membrane at the defined membrane thickness. However, 

satisfactory 24-h profile could be accomplished by both PVP K30 and PVP K90-containing membrane at the range and 

membrane thickness tested. Preparation and testing of the optimized formulation showed a good correlation between 

predicted and observed values. © 2010 American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists. 

No.1569 

Author (s) : Turathum, B., Saikhun, K., Sangsuwan, P., Kitiyanant, Y. 

Title : Effects of vitrification on nuclear maturation, ultrastructural changes and gene expression of canine oocytes 

Source : Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, Volume 8, 22 June 2010, Article number 70 


Keywords : copper zinc superoxide dismutase, DNA methyltransferase 1, fat droplet, heat shock protein 70, protein Bax, protein bcl 

2, cryoprotective agent; animal cell, article, cell granule, cell ultrastructure, controlled 

study, cryopreservation, dog, female, gene expression, germinal vesicle, in vitro study, meiosis, metaphase, nonhuman, oocyte 

maturation, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, structure analysis, transmission 

electron microscopy, vitrification, animal, cell culture, cell nucleus, cell survival, comparative study, drug 

effect, evaluation, genetics, metabolism, oocyte, oocyte development, physiology, ultrastructure; Canidae; Animals, Cell 

Nucleus, Cell Survival, Cells, Cultured, Cryopreservation, Cryoprotective Agents, Dogs, Female, Gene 

Expression, Meiosis, Oocytes, Oogenesis 

Abstract : Background: Cryopreservation of oocytes, which is an interesting procedure to conserve female gametes, is an essential part 

of reproductive biotechnology. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of vitrification on nuclear 

maturation, ultrastructural changes and gene expression of canine oocytes.Methods: Immature oocytes (germinal vesicles) 

isolated from ovaries of normal bitches (> 6 months of age) were either vitrified in open pulled straw (OPS) using 20% 

ethylene glycol (EG) and 20% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as vitrification solution or exposed to vitrification solution without 

subjected to liquid nitrogen. After warming, oocytes were investigated for nuclear maturation following in vitro maturation 

(IVM), ultrastructural changes using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and gene expression using RT-PCR. Fresh immature 

oocytes were used as the control group.Results: The rate of resumption of meiosis in vitrified-warmed oocytes (53.4%) was 

significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those of control (93.8%) and exposure (91.4%) groups. However, there were no statistically 

significant differences among groups in the rates of GV oocytes reaching the maturation stage (metaphase II, MII). The 

ultrastructural alterations revealed by TEM showed that cortical granules, mitochondria, lipid droplets and smooth 

endoplasmic reticulum (SER) were affected by vitrification procedures. RT-PCR analysis for gene expression revealed no 

differences in HSP70, Dnmt1, SOD1 and BAX genes among groups, whereas Bcl2 was strongly expressed in vitrified-warmed 

group when compared to the control.Conclusion: Immature canine oocytes were successfully cryopreserved, resumed 

570


meiosis and developed to the MII stage. The information obtained in this study is crucial for the development of an effective 

method to cryopreserve canine oocytes for establishment of genetic banks of endangered canid species. © 2010 Turathum et 

al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.1570 

Author (s) : Turbpaiboon, C., Wilairat, P. 

Title : Alpha-hemoglobin stabilizing protein: Molecular function and clinical correlation 

Source : Frontiers in Bioscience, Volume 15, Issue 1, 1 January 2010, Pages 1-11 


Keywords : AHSP; Alpha-Hb; Alpha-hemoglobin; Alpha-hemoglobin stabilizing protein; Hb; Hemoglobin; Hemoglobin 

variant; Molecular chaperone; Review; Thalassemia 

Abstract : The discovery of alpha-hemoglobin stabilizing protein (AHSP), a chaperone for free alpha-hemoglobin (alpha-Hb), has 

provided a satisfactory solution to the perplexing problem of balanced globin levels for Hb production in erythroid cells in 

the face of a two-fold excess of alpha-globin to beta-globin gene dosage. Unmatched alpha-Hb is unstable and precipitates 

onto membranes, where the released heme exerts oxidative damages resulting in ineffective erythropoiesis and hemolytic 

anemia, the underlying causes of pathology in the hereditary anemia of beta-thalassemia. The interaction of alpha-Hb with 

AHSP involves surfaces normally employed in binding to beta-Hb. However, a conformational change to the AHSP-bound 

alpha-Hb results in an oxidized heme, but in a pocket that is now less exposed to the outside environment, thereby 

protecting against both peroxide-induced heme loss and iron-induced redox reaction. Studies in both mice and humans 

indicate that reduction in AHSP can result in hematological pathology. Conversely, alpha-Hb variants that are compromised in 

their ability to bind with AHSP produce beta-thalassemia-like symptoms. Disease conditions like some forms of thalassemia 

that are directly associated with AHSP structural and/or functional defects can now be included within the category of 

chaperonopathies. 

No.1571 

Author (s) : Ubol, S., Halstead, S.B. 

Title : How innate immune mechanisms contribute to antibody-enhanced viral infections 

Source : Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, Volume 17, Issue 12, December 2010, Pages 1829-1835 


Keywords : antibody, B7 antigen, CD40 antigen, CD86 antigen, interferon, measles vaccine, respiratory syncytial virus vaccine, toll like 

receptor; cell maturation, dendritic cell, dengue, disease severity, human, immune complex deposition, immunization, innate 

immunity, macrophage, monocyte, priority journal, short survey, Th2 cell, virus entry, virus infection, virus replication; 

Animals, Antibodies, Blocking, Antibody-Dependent Enhancement, Humans, Immune Tolerance, Immunity, Innate, Viral 

Vaccines, Virus Diseases, Viruses 

Abstract : Preexisting antibodies may enhance viral infections. In dengue, nonneutralizing antibodies raised by natural infection with one 

of four dengue viruses (DENVs) may enhance infection with a different virus by a process we term "intrinsic antibodydependent 

enhancement" (iADE). In addition, nonprotective antibodies raised by formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial 

virus (RSV) and measles virus vaccines have led to enhanced disease during breakthrough infections. Infections under iADE 

conditions not only facilitate the process of viral entry into monocytes and macrophages but also modify innate and adaptive 

intracellular antiviral mechanisms, suppressing type 1 interferon (IFN) production and resulting in enhanced DENV replication. 

The suppression observed in vitro has been documented in patients with severe (dengue hemorrhagic fever [DHF]) but not in 

patient with mild (dengue fever [DF]) secondary dengue virus infections. Important veterinary viral infections also may exhibit 

iADE. It is thought that use of formalin deconforms viral epitopes of RSV, resulting in poor Toll-like receptor (TLR) stimulation; 

suboptimal maturation of dendritic cells with reduced production of activation factors CD40, CD80, and CD86; decreased 

germinal center formation in lymph nodes; and the production of nonprotective antibodies. These antibodies fail to 

neutralize RSV, allowing replication with secondary stimulation of RSV-primed Th2 cells producing more low-avidity antibody, 

resulting in immune complexes deposited into affected tissue. However, when formalin-inactivated RSV was administered 

with a TLR agonist to mice, they were protected against wild-type virus challenge. Safe and effective vaccines against 

RSV/measles virus and dengue virus may benefit from a better understanding of how innate immune responses can promote 

production of protective antibodies. Copyright © 2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 

571


No.1572 

Author (s) : Ubol, S., Phuklia, W., Kalayanarooj, S., Modhiran, N. 

Title : Mechanisms of immune evasion induced by a complex of dengue virus and preexisting enhancing antibodies 

Source : Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 201, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 923-935 


Keywords : beta interferon, complementary DNA, cytokine, Fc receptor, inducible nitric oxide synthase, interferon, interleukin 10, Janus 

kinase, protein mda 5, retinoic acid inducible protein I, small interfering RNA, STAT protein, unclassified drug; 

article, autophagy, cell activation, cell differentiation, cytokine production, Dengue virus, DNA microarray, down 

regulation, gene expression, genetic transcription, human, immune response, interferon production, nonhuman, priority 

journal, protein expression, signal transduction, upregulation, virus entry, virus replication; Antibodies, Blocking, Antibodies, 

Viral, Cell Line, Cytokines, DEAD-box RNA Helicases, Dengue, Dengue Virus, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent 

Assay, Humans, Interferon-beta, Interleukin-10, Janus Kinases, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, RNA, Small 

Interfering, RNA, Viral, Signal Transduction, STAT1 Transcription Factor, Thailand, Virus Replication 

Abstract : We have found that dengue virus (DENV) not only uses preexisting enhancing antibodies to promote its entry into Fc 

receptor-bearing cells but also exploits enhancing antibodies for intracellular immune evasion through 2 mechanisms. In the 

first mechanism, entry of DENV-antibody complexes into human monocytic cells activates negative regulators, 

dihydroxyacetone kinase and autophagy-related 5-autophagy-related 12, which then disrupt the retinoic acide incucible gene I 

and melanoma differentiation associated gene 5 signaling cascade and disable type 1 interferon production, leading to 

suppression of interferon-mediated antiviral responses. In the second mechanism, the immune evasion was found to be 

mediated by the suppressive cytokine interleukin 10 (IL-10). High levels of IL-10 activated expression of suppressor of cytokine 

signaling 3 gene, which subsequently inactivated the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway. 

Inhibition of IL-10 production by small interfering RNA down-regulated suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 gene expression, 

restored inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression, and suppressed DENV replication. Importantly, we were able to 

demonstrate that these 2 loops of suppression occurred in patients with severe secondary dengue infection (dengue 

hemorrhagic fever) but not in patients with mild secondary dengue infection (dengue fever). © 2010 by the Infectious 

Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. 

No.1573 

Author (s) : Ubolchonlakate, K., Sikong, L., Tontai, T. 

Title : Formaldehyde degradation by photocatalytic Ag-Doped TiO2 film of glass fiber roving 

Source : Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Volume 10, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 7522-7525 


Keywords : Ag doped TiO2; Formaldehyde degradation; Photocatalytic; Porous film; Thin film 

Abstract : The photocatalytic Ag doped TiO2 porous films were prepared by sol-gel method and dip coated on glass fiber roving. The 

sol composed of titanium (IV) isopropoxide, triethanolamine, ethanol and nitric acid followed by calcination of the film at 500 

°C for 1 hour with a heating rate of 3 °C/min. The surface morphology and properties of synthesized TiO2 films were 

characterized by X-ray diffraction, atomic forced microscope and scanning electron microscope. A laboratory photocatalytic 

reactor was set up to carry out photoactivity of the prepared catalysts. The results show that TiO2-Ag and TiO2-Ag-TEA porous 

films give highest rate of formaldehyde gas degradation. It can be noted that triethanolamine exhibits two effects on TiO2 

composite films; one is its effect on porous film structure and second is a reverse effect of hindrance of anatase growth. 

Copyright © 2010 American Scientific Publishers. 

No.1574 

Author (s) : Uchaipichat, V., Suthisisang, C., Mackenzie, P.I., Miners, J.O. 

Title : Kinetic and Enzymatic Characterisation of Human Hepatic R- and S- Lorazepam Glucuronidation 

Source : DRUG METABOLISM REVIEWS, Volume: 42, Supplement: 1, Pages: 64-65, Published: AUG 2010 




No.1575 

Author (s) : Udonsom, R., Buddhirongawatr, R., Sukthana, Y. 

572


Title : Is sabin-feldman dye test using T. Gondii tachyzoites from animal inoculation still the best method for detecting toxoplasma 

gondii antibodies? 



Keywords : Dye test; IFAT; Mouse and cell culture derived tachyzoites; Toxoplasma gondii 

Abstract : Although the Sabin-Feldman dye test is the gold standard for detecting Toxoplasma antibodies in human, it is performed only 

in reference laboratories because live virulent T. gondii are used for the test. We collected 210 human serum samples and 

tested them by the dye test using in vivo tachyzoites (conventional method) then compared these results with three other 

methods: a dye test using cell culture-derived T. gondii tachyzoites and indirect immunofluorescent antibody tests (IFAT) 

using in vivo and in vitro tachyzoites. We found the conventional dye test detected the highest percent of cases (4.3%), 

followed by the IFAT using parasites from mice (3.8%), then the dye test and the IFAT using cell culture tachyzoites (both 

2.8%). Agreement with the dye test when using mouse and cell culture derived tachyzoites was 96.7%. Using in vivo 

tachyzoites for the dye test and the IFAT gave 94.3% agreement, while using in vitro tachyzoites gave 94.8% agreement. 

When compared with the conventional dye test, the IFAT had 75% sensitivity and 100% specificity. The T. gondii tachyzoites 

obtained from cell culture had a lower virulence, as indicated by a three times longer survival period in the inoculated mice. 

We favor the conventional dye test as the gold standard for Toxoplasma antibody detection. In vitro tachyzoites can be used 

routinely in the dye test but false negative results may occur in some cases. The IFAT, using either in vivo or in vitro 

tachyzoites, are alternatives for laboratories where provision of live tachyzoites is limited. 

No.1576 

Author (s) : Unchern, S., Laohareungpanya, N., Sanvarinda, Y., Pattanapanyasat, K., Tanratana, P., Chantharaksri, U., Sibmooh, N. 

Title : Oxidative modification and poor protective activity of HDL on LDL oxidation in thalassemia 

Source : Lipids, Volume 45, Issue 7, July 2010, Pages 627-633 


Keywords : HDL; LDL oxidation; Oxidative stress; Oxidized HDL; Thalassemia 

Abstract : Oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) has been reported in thalassemia, which is a consequence of oxidative 

stress. However, the levels of oxidized high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in thalassemia have not been evaluated and it is unclear 

whether HDL oxidation may be linked to LDL oxidation. In this study, the levels of total cholesterol, iron, protein, conjugated 

diene (CD), lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) were determined in HDL from 

healthy volunteers and patients with β-thalassemia intermedia with hemoglobin E (β-thal/Hb E). The protective activity of 

thalassemic HDL on LDL oxidation was also investigated. The iron content of HDL2 and HDL3 from β-thal/HbE patients was 

higher while the cholesterol content was lower than those in healthy volunteers. Thalassemic HDL2 and HDL3 had increased 

levels of lipid peroxidation markers i.e., conjugated diene, LOOH, and TBARs. Thalassemic HDL had lower peroxidase activity 

than control HDL and was unable to protect LDL from oxidation induced by CuSO4. Our findings highlight the oxidative 

modification and poor protective activity of thalassemic HDL on LDL oxidation which may contribute to cardiovascular 

complications in thalassemia. © 2010 AOCS. 

No.1577 

Author (s) : Ungkanont, K., Charuluxananan, S., Komoltri, C. 

Title : Association of otoscopic findings and hearing level in pediatric patients with otitis media with effusion 

Source : International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Volume 74, Issue 9, September 2010, Pages 1063-1066 


Keywords : Hearing loss; Otitis media with effusion; Otoscopy; Tympanic membrane 

Abstract : Objective: To find the association between the abnormalities of tympanic membrane characteristics and the hearing level in 

pediatric patients with otitis media with effusion. Methods: Sixty-three pediatric patients with otitis media with effusion had 

undergone ear examinations by pneumatic otoscopy to assess the color, transparency, mobility, fluid level and retraction of 

the tympanic membrane. An audiogram was done in the same setting, average hearing threshold and air-bone gap were 

measured. Otoscopic findings and the result of the hearing test were analyzed to identify the association between the 

abnormalities of the tympanic membrane characteristics and elevated hearing threshold. Results: Hearing loss was found in 

92.1% of the patients. Mean hearing level was 31.7 ± 10.3. dB. From linear regression analysis, the patients with dull or 

opaque tympanic membrane had a significantly higher hearing threshold of 7.2. dB than the patient with translucent ear drum 

after adjusting for mobility and retraction. The patients with tympanic membrane retraction had a higher hearing threshold of 

573


5.1. dB than the patient who had no retraction after adjusting for transparency and mobility. Mobility had a significant 

relationship to elevated hearing threshold in the univariate analysis but not in multivariable analysis. Conclusion: Opacity and 

retraction were the two characteristics of abnormal tympanic membrane that were associated with elevated hearing 

threshold in the patients with otitis media with effusion. Hearing test is suggested if opacity or retraction of the tympanic 

membrane is found. © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. 

No.1578 

Author (s) : Ungsupravate, D., Sawasdee, N., Khositseth, S., Udomchaiprasertkul, W., Khoprasert, S., Li, J., Reithmeier, R.A.F., 

Yenchitsomanus, P.-T. 

Title : Impaired trafficking and intracellular retention of mutant kidney anion exchanger 1 proteins (G701D and A858D) associated 

with distal renal tubular acidosis 

Source : Molecular Membrane Biology, Volume 27, Issue 2-3, 17 April 2010, Pages 92-103 


Keywords : Anion exchanger 1 (AE1); Band 3; Distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA); Membrane protein trafficking; SLC4A1 

Abstract : Novel compound heterozygous mutations, G701D, a recessive mutation, and A858D, a mild dominant mutation, of human 

solute carrier family 4, anion exchanger, member 1 (SLC4A1) were identified in two pediatric patients with distal renal tubular 

acidosis (dRTA). To examine the interaction, trafficking, and cellular localization of the wild-type and two mutant kidney AE1 

(kAE1) proteins, we expressed the proteins alone or together in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293T and Madin-Darby canine 

kidney (MDCK) epithelial cells. In individual expressions, wild-type kAE1 was localized at the cell surface of HEK 293T and the 

basolateral membrane of MDCK cells. In contrast, kAE1 G701D was mainly retained intracellularly, while kAE1 A858D was 

observed intracellularly and at the cell surface. In co-expression experiments, wild-type kAE1 formed heterodimers with kAE1 

G701D and kAE1 A858D, and promoted the cell surface expression of the mutant proteins. The co-expressed kAE1 G701D and 

A858D could also form heterodimers but showed predominant intracellular retention in HEK 293T and MDCK cells. Thus 

impaired trafficking of the kAE1 G701D and A858D mutants would lead to a profound decrease in functional kAE1 at the 

basolateral membrane of α-intercalated cells in the distal nephron of the patients with dRTA. © 2010 Informa UK Ltd. 

No.1579 

Author (s) : Unhasuta, K., Robinson, M.V., Magilvy, K. 

Title : Research plan for developing trauma core competencies for nurses in Thailand 

Source : International Emergency Nursing, Volume 18, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 3-7 


Keywords : Core competency; Emergency department; Thailand; Trauma nurse 

Abstract : The aim of this research plan was identification and development of core competencies for emergency trauma nurses in 

Thailand. The research plan was undertaken in three phases. Phase I: a national survey of the critical dimensions of care; 

Phase II: development of a 64 item tool; and Phase III: efficiency study with emergency nurses representing Level-1, Regional, 

Community and Rural facilities. Six dimensions of competency were identified: cooperation, decision-making, leadership, 

problem-solving, teamwork, and technical knowledge with a content validity index (CVI) of 1.00 and internal consistency 

(Cronbach's α) of 0.98 (N = 485 RNs in 29 hospitals). Analysis of the first year pilot study data using a 5 point likert scale (N = 

285 RNs in 16 hospitals), nurses rated themselves as 4.18 (SD = 0.69) and their peers at 4.00 (SD = 0.68). Head nurse 

evaluations averaged 3.98 (SD = 0.55). ANOVA demonstrated no statistical significance (p = 0.09) between groups. The results 

of the preliminary studies demonstrated appropriateness of the core competency items, but refinement is required prior to 

national distribution. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.1580 

Author (s) : Unnanuntana, A., Murphy, J.E., Petersilge, W.J. 

Title : Management of chronic lateral instability due to lateral collateral ligament deficiency after total knee arthroplasty: A case 

report 

Source : Journal of Medical Case Reports, Volume 4, 2010, Article number 144 


Keywords : polyethylene; adult, antibiotic therapy, article, case report, chronic disease, clinical feature, disease course, equipment 

design, female, follow up, human, immobilization, knee dislocation, knee instability, knee ligament injury, knee 

574


prosthesis, knee radiography, ligament surgery, long term care, obesity, postoperative infection, priority 

journal, reoperation, salvage therapy, Staphylococcus aureus, surgical technique, total knee replacement, treatment failure 

Abstract : Introduction. Lateral instability following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a rare condition with limited report of treatment 

options. The objective of this case presentation is to demonstrate the outcomes of different surgical procedures performed in 

a single patient with lateral collateral ligament (LCL) deficiency. Case presentation. We present a case of chronic lateral 

instability due to LCL deficiency after primary TKA in a 47-year-old Caucasian woman with an obesity problem. Multiple 

treatment options have been performed in order to manage this problem, including the following: ligament reconstruction; 

combined ligament reconstruction and constrained implant; and rotating-hinge knee prosthesis that was the most recent 

surgery. All ligament reconstruction procedures failed within one year. The varus-valgus constrained prosthesis provided 

stability for six years. Conclusions. Ligament reconstruction alone cannot provide enough stability for the treatment of chronic 

lateral instability in patients with obesity problems and LCL deficiency. When the reconstruction fails, a salvage procedure 

with rotating-hinge knee is still available. © 2010 Unnanuntana et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.1581 

Author (s) : Untang, M., Shiowatana, J., Siripinyanond, A. 

Title : A simple cyanide test kit for water and fruit juices 

Source : Analytical Methods, Volume 2, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 1698-1701 


Keywords : Dianions, Field test, Gaseous hydrogen, Hydrogen Cyanide, Natural waters, P-nitrobenzaldehyde, Sodium hydroxides, Standard 

method, Test solutions; Aldehydes, Fruit juices, Fruits, Hydrogen, Reaction kinetics, Sodium, Sulfuric acid, Testing; Cyanides 

Abstract : A sensitive, selective, rapid, and user-friendly field test kit was developed for the determination of cyanide. The method was 

based on a reaction to generate hydrogen cyanide from the solution containing cyanide by reaction with sulfuric acid in a 

specially designed reaction bottle. The gaseous hydrogen cyanide diffused and was collected on a paper strip impregnated 

with p-nitrobenzaldehyde and o-dinitrobenzene in sodium hydroxide. Hydrogen cyanide reacted with p-nitrobenzaldehyde to 

form an intermediate p-cyanobenzadehyde cyanohydrin, which reacted with o-dinitrobenzene to give a purple compound, 

the dianion of o-nitrophenyl hydroxylamine. The intensity of the purple color depended on the concentration of cyanide in 

the test solution. The developed field test kit could be used for the detection of cyanide as low as 0.01 mg l-1 within 10 min. 

The cyanide field test kit was applied to determine cyanide concentrations in natural water and commercial fruit juices with 

good accuracy as validated by using the APHA/AWWA/WEF standard method 4500-CN-. © 2010 The Royal Society of 

Chemistry. 

No.1582 

Author (s) : Upadhyay, B.P., Utrarachkij, F., Thongshoob, J., Mahakunkijcharoen, Y., Wongchinda, N., Suthienkul, O., Khusmith, S. 

Title : Detection of salmonella invA gene in shrimp enrichment culture by polymerase chain reaction 



Keywords : Enrichment culture; Polymerase chain reaction; Salmonella; Shrimp 

Abstract : Contamination of seafood with salmonellae is a major public health concern. Detection of Salmonella by standard culture 

methods is time consuming. In this study, an enrichment culture step prior to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied to 

detect 284 bp fragment of Salmonella invA in comparison with the conventional culture method in 100 shrimp samples 

collected from four different shrimp farms and fresh food markets around Bangkok. Samples were pre-enriched in nonselective 

lactose broth (LB) and selective tetrathionate broth (TTB). PCR detection limit was 10 pg and 104 cfu/ml of viable 

salmonellae with 100% specificity. PCR assay detected 19 different Salmonella serovars belonging to 8 serogroups (B, C1, C2- 

C3, D1, E1, E4 and K) commonly found in clinical and environmental samples in Thailand. The detection rate of PCR following 

TTB enrichment (24%) was higher than conventional culture method (19%). PCR following TTB, but not in LB enrichment 

allowed salmonella detection with 84% sensitivity, 90% specificity and 89% accuracy. Shrimp samples collected from fresh 

food markets had higher levels of contaminated salmonellae than those from shrimp farms. The results indicated that 

incorporation of an enrichment step prior to PCR has the potential to be applied for detection of naturally contaminated 

salmonellae in food, environment and clinical samples. 

No.1583 

Author (s) : U-Pratya, Y., Lueangamornnara, U., Jiratchariyakul, W., Kummalue, T. 

575


Title : Immunosuppressive effects of cucurbitacin B on human peripheral blood lymphocytes 

Source : Journal of Medicinal Plant Research, Volume 4, Issue 22, 18 November 2010, Pages 2340-2347 


Keywords : CD69; Cucurbitacin b; Cytotoxic lymphocyte function; Phytohemagglutinin stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell 

Abstract : This study investigates the immunomodulating effects of cucurbitacin B, a Thai herbal plant; isolated from Trichosanthes 

cucumerima L., on PHA-stimulated human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs). Stimulated PBMCs were cultured in 

the presence or absence of cucurbitacin B and then markers of cell activation were measured. The results showed that 0.5 

and 0.25 μg/ml of cucurbitacin B significantly inhibited the expression of CD69+CD3+, and CD25+CD3+ whereas no significant 

inhibition from 0.05 μg/ml of cucurbitacin B was detected. The secretion of TNF-α from stimulated PBMC was significantly 

inhibited by cucurbitacin B. After 24 h of incubation, the total Cytotoxic Lymphocyte (CTL) activity was significantly reduced 

by 0.5 μg/ml of cucurbitacin B when compared to the control group (9.83 ± 0.95 and 40.63 ± 2.93, P = 0.0033) or compared 

with Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation (9.83 ± 0.95 and 70.09 ± 3.35, P < 0.0001). A similar pattern of CTL activity was 

found after 48 and 72 h of incubation. In conclusion, cucurbitacin B inhibited PBMC activation by PHA. This study provides 

evidences that cucurbitacin B could be used as immunosuppressive agent. © 2010 Academic Journals. 

No.1584 

Author (s) : Utispan, K., Thuwajit, P., Abiko, Y., Charngkaew, K., Paupairoj, A., Chau-in, S., Thuwajit, C. 

Title : Gene expression profiling of cholangiocarcinoma-derived fibroblast reveals alterations related to tumor progression and 

indicates periostin as a poor prognostic marker 

Source : Molecular Cancer, Volume 9, 24 January 2010, Article number 13 


Keywords : alpha5 integrin, amphiregulin, angiopoietin, arylacetamide deacetylase, bone morphogenetic protein 2, bradykinin B1 

receptor, calvasculin, enzyme inhibitor, epiregulin, gene product, interleukin 24, Jagged1, laminin alpha 5, macrophage 

elastase, matrix remodeling associated 5, membrane protein, metalloproteinase, nephroblastoma overexpressed 

protein, platelet derived growth factor A, procollagen C endopeptidase enhancer 2, reelin, response gene to complement 

32, secretogranin II, serpin peptidase inhibitor, transcription factor RUNX2, unclassified drug, cell adhesion molecule, POSTN 

protein, human, tumor marker; adult, article, bile duct carcinoma, cancer cell, cell invasion, cell proliferation, controlled 

study, DNA microarray, female, fibroblast, gene expression, gene expression profiling, gene expression 

regulation, human, human cell, immunohistochemistry, in vitro study, liver cell carcinoma, liver parenchyma, lymph node 

metastasis, male, nucleotide sequence, prognosis, protein function, real time polymerase chain reaction, RNA 

interference, survival time, tumor growth, tumor promotion, unindexed sequence, Western blotting, bile duct tumor, cancer 

invasion, disease course, gene silencing, genetics, intrahepatic bile duct, liver, liver 

tumor, metabolism, pathology, proportional hazards model, reproducibility, reverse transcription polymerase chain 

reaction, tumor cell line; Bile Duct Neoplasms, Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Cell Adhesion 

Molecules, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Proliferation, Cholangiocarcinoma, Disease Progression, Fibroblasts, Gene Expression 

Profiling, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Gene Knockdown Techniques, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Integrin 

alpha5, Liver, Liver Neoplasms, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Prognosis, Proportional Hazards Models, Reproducibility of 

Results, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Tumor Markers, Biological 

Abstract : Background: Fibroblasts play important roles in several cancers. It was hypothesized that cholangiocarcinoma (CCA)-associated 

fibroblasts (Cfs) differ from non-tumorigenic liver fibroblasts (Lfs) in their gene expression profiles resulting in the capability to 

promote cancer. Periostin (PN) is a multi-functional protein and has emerged as a promising marker for tumor progression. 

The role of PN in CCA, however, has not yet been explored.Results: In this study, the gene expression profile of Cfs in 

comparison to Lfs was performed using oligonucleotide microarrays. The common- and unique-expressed genes in Cfs and 

the promising roles in cancer promotion and progression were determined. PN was markedly over-expressed in Cfs confirmed 

by real time RT-PCR and western blot analysis. Immunohistochemistry examination of a number of patients with intrahepatic 

CCA showed the expression of PN solely in stromal fibroblasts, but was expressed neither in cancer cells nor immune cells. 

Low to no expression of PN was observed in tissues of benign liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. CCA patients with 

high levels of PN had significantly shorter survival time than those with low levels (P = 0.026). Multivariate analysis revealed 

high levels of PN (P = 0.045) and presence of lymph node metastasis (P = 0.002) as independent poor prognostic factors. The 

in vitro study revealed that recombinant PN induced CCA cell proliferation and invasion. Interestingly, interference RNA 

against integrin α5significantly reduced the cellular response to PN-stimulated proliferation and invasion.Conclusion: The 

gene expression profile of fibroblasts in CCA is apparently explored for the first time and has determined the genes involving 

576


in induction of this cancer progression. High PN can be used to distinguish CCA from other related liver diseases and is 

proposed as a prognostic factor of poor survival. Regulation of fibroblast-derived PN in CCA proliferation and invasion may be 

considered as an alternative therapeutic approach. © 2010 Utispan et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.1585 

Author (s) : Utriyaprasit, K., Moore, S.M., Chaiseri, P. 

Title : Recovery after coronary artery bypass surgery: Effect of an audiotape information programme 

Source : Journal of Advanced Nursing, Volume 66, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 1747-1759 


Keywords : Audiotaped information programme; Coronary artery bypass surgery; Nursing; Thailand 

Abstract : Aim.: The aim of the study was to test the effect of an audiotape giving concrete objective information and strategies to 

reduce symptoms, psychological distress and enhance physical functioning in patients having coronary artery bypass grafts. 

Background.: The period following hospital discharge is stressful for patients having coronary artery bypass grafts. Evidentbased 

interventions are needed to improve outcomes in Thai populations following coronary artery bypass graft surgery. 

Methods.: A randomized controlled trial was conducted during 2004-2005. A sample of 120 Thai patients having coronary 

artery bypass grafts was randomly assigned to an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group was given an 

information audiotape the day prior to hospital discharge, and encouraged to listen to it as many times as necessary. 

Participants were interviewed using validated instruments predischarge and at 2 weeks and 4 weeks after discharge. Findings.: 

Participants in the intervention group had statistically significantly fewer symptoms of shoulder, back or neck pain and lack of 

appetite, and increased physical activity after discharge, compared to the control group. This effect remained statistically 

significant after controlling for age, gender, co-morbidity and presurgical cardiac functional status. However, no statistically 

significant difference in psychological distress was observed. Conclusion.: Nurses can use an audiotape containing preparatory 

information to improve outcomes for patients having coronary artery bypass grafts during the few weeks after discharge from 

hospital. Further studies are recommended to improve its effect on psychological distress. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 

No.1586 

Author (s) : Uttayamakul, S., Likanonsakul, S., Manosuthi, W., Wichukchinda, N., Kalambaheti, T., Nakayama, E.E., Shioda, T., Khusmith, S. 

Title : Effects of CYP2B6 G516T polymorphisms on plasma efavirenz and nevirapine levels when co-administered with rifampicin in 

HIV/TB co-infected Thai adults 

Source : AIDS Research and Therapy, Volume 7, 26 March 2010, Article number 8 


Keywords : cytochrome P450 2B6, cytochrome P450 3A4, efavirenz, nevirapine, rifampicin, virus RNA; adult, antiviral 

therapy, article, bedtime dosage, clinical trial, combination chemotherapy, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, drug 

blood level, drug efficacy, female, gene frequency, genetic polymorphism, genotype, human, Human immunodeficiency virus 

1, Human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection, major clinical study, male, mixed infection, priority journal, randomized 

controlled trial, Thailand, trend study, tuberculosis 

Abstract : Background: Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) metabolizes efavirenz and nevirapine, the major core antiretroviral drugs for HIV 

in Thailand. Rifampicin, a critical component of tuberculosis (TB) therapy is a potent inducer of CYP enzyme activity. 

Polymorphisms of CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 are associated with altered activity of hepatic enzyme in the liver and 

pharmacokinetics resulting in treatment efficacy. This study aimed to investigate whether CYP2B6 or CYP3A4 polymorphisms 

had effects on plasma efavirenz and nevirapine concentrations when co-administered with rifampicin in HIV/TB co-infected 

Thai adults.Results: We studied 124 rifampicin recipients with concurrent HIV-1/TB coinfection, receiving efavirenz (600 

mg/day) (n = 65) or nevirapine (400 mg/day) (n = 59) based antiretroviral therapy (ART). The frequencies of GG, GT and TT 

genotypes of CYP2B6-G516T were 38.46%, 47.69% and 13.85% in efavirenz group and 44.07%, 52.54% and 3.39% in 

nevirapine group, respectively. The mean 12-hour post-dose plasma efavirenz concentration in patients with TT genotype at 

weeks 6 and 12 of ART and 1 month after rifampicin discontinuation (10.97 ± 2.32, 13.62 ± 4.21 and 8.48 ± 1.30 mg/L, 

respectively) were significantly higher than those with GT (3.43 ± 0.29, 3.35 ± 0.27 and 3.21 ± 0.22 mg/L, respectively) (p < 

0.0001) or GG genotypes (2.88 ± 0.33, 2.45 ± 0.26 and 2.08 ± 0.16 mg/L, respectively) (p < 0.0001). Likewise, the mean 12-hour 

post-dose plasma nevirapine concentration in patients carrying TT genotype at weeks 6 and 12 of ART and 1 month after 

rifampicin discontinuation (14.09 ± 9.49, 7.94 ± 2.76 and 9.44 ± 0.17 mg/L, respectively) tended to be higher than those 

carrying GT (5.65 ± 0.54, 5.58 ± 0.48 and 7.03 ± 0.64 mg/L, respectively) or GG genotypes (5.42 ± 0.48, 5.34 ± 0.50 and 6.43 ± 

0.64 mg/L, respectively) (p = 0.003, p = 0.409 and p = 0.448, respectively). Compared with the effects of CYP2B6-516TT 

577


genotype, we could observe only small effects of rifampicin on plasma efavirenz and nevirapine levels. After 12 weeks of 

both drug regimens, there was a trend towards higher percentage of patients with CYP2B6-TT genotype who achieved HIV-1 

RNA levels


topography, it is as accurate as FE but its speed and memory usage are slightly larger than FD. In addition, we describe a 

scheme for automatic mesh generation. This scheme has led to another variant method, a mixed grid hybrid method. Our 

hybrid scheme and the automatic grid generation can be used for slopes of up to 75° This hybrid method can be further 

extended and implemented for 3D DC resistivity modeling for more efficient computation. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

No.1590 

Author (s) : Valecha, N., Looareesuwan, S., Martensson, A., Abdulla, S.M., Krudsood, S., Tangpukdee, N., Mohanty, S., Mishra, S.K., Tyagi, 

P.K., Sharma, S.K., Moehrle, J., Gautam, A., Roy, A., Paliwal, J.K., Kothari, M., Saha, N., Dash, A.P., Björkman, A. 

Title : Arterolane, a new synthetic trioxolane for treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria: A phase II, 

multicenter, randomized, dose-finding clinical trial 

Source : Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 51, Issue 6, 15 September 2010, Pages 684-691 


Keywords : alanine aminotransferase, arterolane maleate, aspartate aminotransferase, dispiro[adamantane 2,3' [1,2,4]trioxolane 5',4'' 

cyclohexaneacetic acid 2 amino 2 methylpropylamide], hemoglobin, paracetamol, unclassified drug; abdominal 

pain, adolescent, adult, aged, anemia, area under the curve, article, clinical trial, controlled clinical trial, controlled 

study, diarrhea, double blind procedure, drug blood level, drug dose comparison, drug efficacy, drug fatality, drug induced 

headache, drug safety, female, follow up, human, India, major clinical study, malaria falciparum, male, multicenter 

study, phase 2 clinical trial, polymerase chain reaction, priority journal, QT interval, QT prolongation, randomized controlled 

trial, side effect, Tanzania, Thailand, treatment outcome, treatment response, vertigo, vomiting; 

Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Antimalarials, Double-Blind Method, Female, Heterocyclic Compounds, 1- 

Ring, Humans, India, Malaria, Falciparum, Male, Middle Aged, Peroxides, Plasmodium falciparum, Spiro 

Compounds, Tanzania, Thailand, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult 

Abstract : Background: Drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria necessitates development of novel drugs for treatment. The 

present study assessed the efficacy and safety of 3 dose levels of arterolane (RBx 11160), a synthetic trioxolane, for treatment 

of acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, multicenter, parallel-group, dosefinding, 

phase II trial, 230 patients from 4 centers in Thailand, India, and Tanzania (mainland and Zanzibar) received either 50 

mg (n=78), 100 mg (n=76), or 200 mg (n=76) of arterolane once daily for 7 days. Patients (aged 13-65 years) with asexual 

parasite density of 1000-100,000 parasites/μL were included and were followed up for 28 days. The median time to 90% 

parasite clearance (PC 90) was evaluated. Results: The median PC90 was longer in the group receiving the 50-mg dose (19.4 

h), compared with the groups receiving the 100-mg dose (12.8 h) and 200-mg dose (12.6 h) (P < .01). The polymerase chain 

reaction- corrected adequate clinical and parasitological responses on day 28 were 63%, 71%, and 72% for the groups 

receiving the 50-mg, 100-mg, and 200-mg doses, respectively, by intention-to-treat analysis (odds ratio, 1.55; 95% confidence 

interval, 0.78-3.06, for comparison of the 200-mg and 50-mg dose groups). Treatment was generally well tolerated. No patient 

died or experienced any serious adverse event. Mild complaints were reported in <10% of the patients and were similar in 

the 3 groups. Biochemistry and hematological analyses did not show any sign of drug toxicity in any patient. Conclusion: 

Arterolane at daily doses of 100 and 200 mg is a rapidly acting, effective, and safe synthetic antimalarial drug, which may 

potentially represent an alternative to artemisinin derivatives in antimalarial combination therapy. © 2010 by the Infectious 

Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. 

No.1591 

Author (s) : Valecha, N., Phyo, A.P., Mayxay, M., Newton, P.N., Krudsood, S., Keomany, S., Khanthavong, M., Pongvongsa, T., 

Ruangveerayuth, R., Uthaisil, C., Ubben, D., Duparc, S., Bacchieri, A., Corsi, M., Rao, B.H.K., Bhattacharya, P.C., Dubhashi, N., 

Ghosh, S.K., Dev, V., Kumar, A., Pukittayakamee, S. 

Title : An open-label, randomised study of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine versus artesunate-mefloquine for falciparum malaria in 

Asia 



Keywords : artesunate, dihydroartemisinin plus piperaquine, eurartesim, mefloquine, unclassified drug, antimalarial agent, artemisinin 

derivative, dihydroquinghaosu, piperaquine, quinoline derivative; abdominal 

pain, adolescent, adult, aged, anemia, anorexia, arthralgia, article, Asian, asthenia, child, clinical trial, combination 

chemotherapy, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, coughing, dizziness, drug efficacy, drug safety, drug tolerability, drug 

treatment failure, eosinophilia, female, fever, follow up, gametocyte, genotype, headache, hemoglobin blood 

579


level, human, India, infant, Laos, major clinical study, malaria, malaria falciparum, male, multicenter 

study, myalgia, nausea, open study, parasite identification, phase 3 clinical trial, polymerase chain reaction, preschool 

child, pruritus, QT prolongation, randomized controlled trial, school child, sex difference, skin 

allergy, Thailand, thrombocytopenia, vomiting, Asia, middle aged; Artesunate, Plasmodium falciparum; 

Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Antimalarials, Artemisinins, Asia, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Malaria, 

Falciparum, Male, Mefloquine, Middle Aged, Quinolines, Young Adult 

Abstract : Background: The artemisinin-based combination treatment (ACT) of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) and piperaquine (PQP) is a 

promising novel anti-malarial drug effective against multi-drug resistant falciparum malaria. The aim of this study was to show 

non-inferiority of DHA/PQP vs. artesunate-mefloquine (AS+MQ) in Asia. Methods and Findings: This was an open-label, 

randomised, non-inferiority, 63-day follow-up study conducted in Thailand, Laos and India. Patients aged 3 months to 65 

years with Plasmodium falciparum mono-infection or mixed infection were randomised with an allocation ratio of 2:1 to a 

fixed-dose DHA/PQP combination tablet (adults: 40 mg/160 mg; children: 20 mg/320 mg; n = 769) or loose combination of 

AS+MQ (AS: 50 mg, MQ: 250 mg; n = 381). The cumulative doses of study treatment over the 3 days were of about 6.75 

mg/kg of DHA and 54 mg/kg of PQP and about 12 mg/kg of AS and 25 mg/kg of MQ. Doses were rounded up to the nearest 

half tablet. The primary endpoint was day-63 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) genotype-corrected cure rate. Results were 

87.9% for DHA/PQP and 86.6% for AS+MQ in the intention-to-treat (ITT;97.5% one sided confidence interval, CI: >-2.87%), and 

98.7% and 97.0%, respectively, in the per protocol population (97.5% CI: >-0.39%). No country effect was observed. Kaplan- 

Meier estimates of proportions of patients with new infections on day 63 (secondary endpoint) were significantly lower for 

DHA/PQP than AS+MQ: 22.7% versus 30.3% (p = 0.0042; ITT). Overall gametocyte prevalence (days 7 to 63; secondary 

endpoint), measured as person-gametocyte-weeks, was significantly higher for DHA/PQP than AS+MQ (10.15% versus 4.88%; p 

= 0.003; ITT). Fifteen serious adverse events were reported, 12 (1.6%) in DHA/ PQP and three (0.8%) in AS+MQ, among which 

six (0.8%) were considered related to DHA/PQP and three (0.8%) to AS+MQ. Conclusions: DHA/PQP was a highly efficacious 

drug for P. falciparum malaria in areas where multi drug parasites are prevalent. The DHA/PQP combination can play an 

important role in the first-line treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Trial Registration: Controlled-Trials.com 

ISRCTN81306618. © 2010 Valecha et al. 

No.1592 

Author (s) : Vallé, J., Thaojaikong, T., Moore, C.E., Phetsouvanh, R., Richards, A.L., Souris, M., Fournet, F., Salem, G., Gonzalez, J.J., Newton, 

P.N. 

Title : Contrasting spatial distribution and risk factors for past infection with scrub typhus and murine typhus in Vientiane city, Lao 

PDR 

Source : PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Volume 4, Issue 12, December 2010, Article number e909, Pages 1-10 


Keywords : immunoglobulin G antibody; accuracy, adult, aged, agricultural worker, article, bacterial transmission, controlled 

study, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, family size, female, geographic distribution, human, Laos, major clinical 

study, male, murine typhus, nonhuman, Orientia tsutsugamushi, Rickettsia typhi, risk factor, sanitation, scrub 

typhus, seroprevalence, typhus, urban population 

Abstract : Background: The aetiological diagnostic of fevers in Laos remains difficult due to limited laboratory diagnostic facilities. 

However, it has recently become apparent that both scrub and murine typhus are common causes of previous undiagnosed 

fever. Epidemiological data suggests that scrub typhus would be more common in rural areas and murine typhus in urban 

areas, but there is very little recent information on factors involved in scrub and murine typhus transmission, especially 

where they are sympatric - as is the case in Vientiane, the capital of the Lao PDR. Methodology and Principal Findings:We 

therefore determined the frequency of IgG seropositivity against scrub typhus (Orientia tsutsugamushi) and murine typhus 

(Rickettsia typhi), as indices of prior exposure to these pathogens, in randomly selected adults in urban and peri-urban 

Vientiane City (n=2,002, $35 years). Anti-scrub and murine typhus IgG were detected by ELISA assays using filter paper elutes. 

We validated the accuracy of ELISA of these elutes against ELISA using serum samples. The overall prevalence of scrub and 

murine typhus IgG antibodies was 20.3% and 20.6%, respectively. Scrub typhus seropositivity was significantly higher among 

adults living in the periphery (28.4%) than in the central zone (13.1%) of Vientiane. In contrast, seroprevalence of murine 

typhus IgG antibodies was significantly higher in the central zone (30.8%) as compared to the periphery (14.4%). In 

multivariate analysis, adults with a longer residence in Vientiane were at significant greater risk of past infection with murine 

typhus and at lower risk for scrub typhus. Those with no education, living on low incomes, living on plots of land with poor 

sanitary conditions, living in large households, and farmers were at higher risk of scrub typhus and those living in 

580


neighborhoods with high building density and close to markets were at greater risk for murine typhus and at lower risk of 

scrub typhus past infection. Conclusions: This study underscores the intense circulation of both scrub and murine typhus in 

Vientiane city and underlines difference in spatial distribution and risk factors involved in the transmission of these diseases. 

No.1593 

Author (s) : van der Windt, G.J.W., Wiersinga, W.J., Wieland, C.W., Tjia, I.C.S.I., Day, N.P., Peacock, S.J., Florquin, S., van der Poll, T. 

Title : Osteopontin impairs host defense during established gram-negative sepsis caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei(Melioidosis) 

Source : PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Volume 4, Issue 8, August 2010, Article number e806 


Keywords : cytokine, osteopontin; animal cell, animal experiment, animal model, animal tissue, article, bacterial count, Burkholderia 

pseudomallei, clinical article, controlled study, disease severity, Gram negative sepsis, host pathogen 

interaction, human, knockout mouse, lung injury, male, melioidosis, mortality, mouse, neutrophil 

chemotaxis, nonhuman, protein blood level, protein function, protein synthesis, tissue necrosis, wild type; 

Animals, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Colony Count, Microbial, Humans, Lung, Melioidosis, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, 

Knockout, Necrosis, Neutrophils, Osteopontin 

Abstract : Background: Melioidosis, caused by infection with Burkholderia (B.) pseudomallei, is a severe illness that is endemic in 

Southeast Asia. Osteopontin (OPN) is a phosphorylated glycoprotein that is involved in several immune responses including 

induction of T-helper 1 cytokines and recruitment of inflammatory cells. Methodology and Principal Findings:OPN levels were 

determined in plasma from 33 melioidosis patients and 31 healthy controls, and in wild-type (WT) mice intranasally infected 

with B. pseudomallei. OPN function was studied in experimental murine melioidosis using WT and OPN knockout (KO) mice. 

Plasma OPN levels were elevated in patients with severe melioidosis, even more so in patients who went on to die. In 

patients who recovered plasma OPN concentrations had decreased after treatment. In experimental melioidosis in mice 

plasma and pulmonary OPN levels were also increased. Whereas WT and OPN KO mice were indistinguishable during the first 

24 hours after infection, after 72 hours OPN KO mice demonstrated reduced bacterial numbers in their lungs, diminished 

pulmonary tissue injury, especially due to less necrosis, and decreased neutrophil infiltration. Moreover, OPN KO mice 

displayed a delayed mortality as compared to WT mice. OPN deficiency did not influence the induction of proinflammatory 

cytokines. Conclusions: These data suggest that sustained production of OPN impairs host defense during established septic 

melioidosis. © 2010 van der Windt et al. 

No.1594 

Author (s) : Van Panhuis, Willem G.; Luxemburger, Christine; Pengsaa, Krisana; Limkittikul, Kriengsak; Sabchareon, Arunee; Cummings, Derek 

A.; Lang, Jean; Durbin, Anna P. 

Title : A LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS OF MATERNAL DENGUE ANTIBODY KINETICS AMONG INFANTS IN BANGKOK 






No.1595 

Author (s) : Vanavanan, S., Santanirand, P., Chaichanajarernkula, U., Chittamma, A., DuBois, J.A., Shirey, T., Heinz, M. 

Title : Performance of a new interference-resistant glucose meter 

Source : CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY, Volume: 43, Issue: 1-2, Pages: 186-192, DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2009.09.010, Published: JAN 2010 


Keywords : Glucose meter; Interference-resistant glucose meter; POCT; Point-of-Care-Testing; Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) 

Abstract : Objectives: Glucose meters are widely used in self and hospital monitoring of blood glucose. We examined the analytical 

performance of a StatStrip glucose monitoring system. Design and methods: Linearity, % recovery and within-run imprecision 

were studied using glucose-spiked whole blood. A total of 120 heparinized samples were used in method comparison using a 

plasma hexokinase on the Dimension RxL MAX analyzer as the comparison method. Common interferences were tested on 

the StatStrip, Accu-Chek Advantage and the MediSense Optium glucose meters at low, middle and high glucose levels. 

Results: The StatStrip assay showed excellent linearity and recovery. The coefficient of variations for imprecision were


the three meters tested, only the StatStrip showed interference


admitted to the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Bangkok, Thailand. Nine hundred fifteen severe malaria patients were included 

in the study, of whom 195 had ARF and 720 did not have ARF. We found jaundice, anemia, hypoalbuminemia, hyponatremia, 

hyperkalemia, acidosis, leukocytosis, elevated transaminases (SGOT and SGPT) and cerebral malaria, were significantly 

associated with ARF among patients with severe malaria (p


0.60 (95% CI, 0.35-1.03), and 1.87 (95% CI, 0.77-4.56), respectively, for men, and were 1.29 (95% CI,1.04-1.60), 0.70 (95% CI, 

0.55-0.90), 0.79 (95% CI, 0.62-1.01), 0.57 (95% CI, 0.41-0.81), 0.58 (95% CI, 0.39-0.87), and 0.78 (95% CI, 0.38-1.59), respectively, 

for women. Conclusions: The results of this study support the obesity paradox phenomenon in older Thai people, especially 

in women. Improvement in quality of mortality data and further investigation to confirm such association are needed in this 

population. © 2010 Vapattanawong et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

No.1601 

Author (s) : Vasuvattakul, S. 

Title : Molecular approach for distal renal tubular acidosis associated AE1 mutations 

Source : Electrolyte and Blood Pressure, Volume 8, Issue 1, June 2010, Pages 25-31 


Keywords : Acidosis; Anion exchange protein 1; Chloride-bicarbonate antiporters; Compound heterozygosity; Erythrocyte; Renal 

tubular; Southeast Asian ovalocytosis; Trafficking defect; Urine-blood PCO2 

Abstract : The molecular approaches to distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) associated AE1 mutations lead us to understand the genetic 

and pathophysiological aspects of the acidification defects. An unanticipated high value of the urine-blood (U-B) PCO2 after 

NaHCO3 loading observed in a case of dRTA and southeast Asian ovalocytosis (SAO) might be from a mistarget of the AE1 to 

the luminal membrane of type A intercalated cells. The mutations of the AE1 gene resulted in SAO and also affected renal 

acidification function. Notwithstanding, after the NH4CI loading in 20 individuals with SAO, the acidification in the distal 

nephron was normal. The presence of both SAO and G701D mutations of AE1 gene would explain the abnormal urinary 

acidification in the patients with the compound heterozogosity. In terms of the effect of the mutations on trafficking of AE1, 

truncated kidney isoform (kAE1) of wild-type showed a 'dominant-positive effect' in rescuing the recessive mutant kAE1 (S773P 

or G701D) trafficking to the plasma membrane, in contrast with the dominant mutant kAE1 (R589H) resulting in a 'dominantnegative 

effect' when heterodimerized with the wild-type kAE1. It is notable that the dominant mutants kAE1 (R901X or 

G609R) expression in MDCK cells clearly results in aberrant surface expression with some mutant protein appearing at the 

apical membrane. These might result in net bicarbonate secretion and increasing U-B PCO 2 in the distal nephron. The 

molecular physiological and genetic approaches have permitted identification of the molecular defects, predominantly in 

transporter proteins, and should in turn prompt development of novel therapeutic strategies. Copyright © 2010 The Korean 

Society of Electrolyte Metabolism. 

No.1602 

Author (s) : Vatananan, R.S., Gerdsri, N. 

Title : The current state of technology roadmapping (TRM) research and practice 




Keywords : Business strategy, Gaining momentum, Roadmap, Roadmapping, Strategic management tools, Technology roadmapping; 

Economics, Industrial management, Research, Strategic planning; Technology 

Abstract : Technology roadmapping (TRM) is gaining momentum as a strategic management tool for an organization to integrate 

technology into business strategy. This paper reviews over a hundred of TRM related publications to provide the community 

with the current state of roadmapping research and practice. From the literature, the issue of keeping a roadmap alive has 

been identified as the key challenge in the field. To address this challenge, operationalization and effective implementation 

of TRM are highlighted as the potential areas for future research. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.1603 

Author (s) : Vatanavicharn, N., Visitsunthorn, N., Pho-Iam, T., Jirapongsananuruk, O., Pacharn, P., Chokephaibulkit, K., Limwongse, C., 

Wasant, P. 

Title : An infant with cartilage-hair hypoplasia due to a novel homozygous mutation in the promoter region of the RMRP gene 

associated with chondrodysplasia and severe immunodeficiency 

Source : Journal of Applied Genetics, Volume 51, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 523-528 


Keywords : Cartilage-hair hypoplasia; Combined immune deficiency; Promoter region mutation; RMRP gene 

584


Abstract : Cartilage-hair hypoplasia (CHH) is a rare autosomal-recessive disorder characterized by short-limbed dwarfism, sparse hair, and 

immune deficiency. It is caused by mutations in the RMRP gene, which encodes the RNA component of the mitochondrial 

RNA-processing ribonuclease (RNase MRP). Several mutations have been identified in its promoter region or transcribed 

sequence. However, homozygous mutations in the promoter region have been only reported in a patient with primary 

immunodeficiency without other features of CHH. We report on a Thai girl who first presented with chronic diarrhea, recurrent 

pneumonia, and severe failure to thrive, without apparently disproportionate dwarfism. The diagnosis of CHH was made after 

the severe wasting was corrected, and disproportionate growth became noticeable. The patient had the typical features of 

CHH, including sparse hair and metaphyseal abnormalities. The immunologic profiles were consistent with combined immune 

deficiency. Mutation analysis identified a novel homozygous mutation, g.-19_-25 dupACTACTC, in the promoter region of the 

RMRP gene. Identification of the mutation enabled us to provide a prenatal diagnosis in the subsequent pregnancy. This 

patient is the first CHH case with the characteristic features due to the homozygous mutation in the promoter region of the 

RMRP gene. The finding of severe immunodeficiency supports that promoter mutations markedly disrupt mRNA cleavage 

function, which causes cell-cycle impairment. 

No.1604 

Author (s) : Vatanavicharn, N.; Champattanachai, V; Liammongkolkul, S.; Sawangareetrakul, P.; Keeratichamroen, S.; Cairns, J. R. K.; 

Srisomsap, C.; Sathienkijkanchai, A.; Svasti, J.; Wasant, P. 

Title : GENETIC ANALYSIS OF MUT, MMAA, AND MMAB IN THAI PATIENTS WITH ISOLATED METHYLMALONIC ACIDEMIA 

Source : JOURNAL OF INHERITED METABOLIC DISEASE, Volume: 33, Supplement: 1, Pages: S42-S42, Published: AUG 2010 




No.1605 

Author (s) : Vathanophas, V., Pacharapha, T. 

Title : Information technology acceptance in healthcare service: The study of Electronic Medical Record (EMR) in Thailand 




Keywords : Data intensive, Data volume, Electronic medical record, Explosive growth, Healthcare services, Hospital information 

systems, Information technology acceptance, Medical information, Organizational development, Organizational 

infrastructure, Technology acceptance model, Technology usages, Thailand, User acceptance; Economics, Hospitals, Industrial 

management, Medical computing; Technology 

Abstract : The explosive growth in technology usage has put growing pressure on organizations to serve customers electronically. 

Healthcare service, as one of data intensive industries, tries to serve their patients with excellent service in the timely manner 

when the data volume is growing faster than organizational infrastructure development. Because the hospital information 

system called Electronic Medical Record (EMR) is a powerful tool, and provides a multitude of benefits, many hospitals are 

today considering accepting, and adopting this technology to provide medical information and healthcare services in a better 

way. This study will extend applicability of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to test user acceptance of EMR in the 

hospital context in Thailand. The study aims to investigate EMR characteristics which affect Electronic Medical Record (EMR) 

acceptance in the healthcare profession's belief perspective in hospital. This EMR acceptance measurement will help the 

organization forecast how healthcare professions' perception of EMR usage will affect and support the organizational 

development. The result can be used as a guideline for EMR implementation that may lead to a successful EMR initiative in 

Thailand. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.1606 

Author (s) : Vathesatogkit, P.; Tunthong, R.; Pathumarak, A.; Angchaisuksiri, P.; Pienvichit, P.; Boonbaichaiyapruck, S.; Sritara, P. 

Title : Calcium-channel blockers and the antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel: potential misleading evidence from high residual platelet 

activity 




585



No.1607 

Author (s) : Vayachuta, L., Phinyocheep, P., Derouet, D., Pascual, S. 

Title : Synthesis of ATRP macroinitiator based on synthetic cis-1,4-polyisoprene and its application for graft polymerization of MMA 

Source : E-Polymers, 13 March 2010, Article number 29 


Keywords : ATRP macroinitiator; Poly(methyl methacrylate); Polyisoprene 

Abstract : Modification of synthetic cis-1,4-polyisoprene (PI) into bromoalkyl-functionalized polyisoprene (PIBr), an ATRP macroinitiator, 

was investigated by two-step chemical reaction. The PI was partially epoxidized into epoxidized polyisoprene (EPI) using mchloroperbenzoic 

acid, then the EPI was transformed into PIBr by reaction with 2-bromo-2-methylpropionic acid. The results 

from 1H NMR revealed that the addition product occurs in competition with epoxide ring rearrangement. The amount of 

bromoalkyl functionalized units was determined from 1H NMR spectra. The graft polymerization of MMA using ATRP 

technique from macroinitiator units in PIBr was investigated using three different ligands, i.e. N-(n-octyl)-2- pyridylmethanimine 

(NOPMI), N-(n-octadecyl)-2-pyridylmethanimine (NODPMI) and 1,1,4,7,7-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA), resulting in 

formation of graft copolymer of PI and PMMA. The PMMA grafts were successfully separated from the PI backbone using 

acidolysis for studying their number-average molecular weights (Mn,SEC) and polydispersity indexes (PDI). All of the ligands 

used give a increase of M̄n with MMA conversion. Comparing between 3 ligands, Cu(I)Br complexed with NOPMI shows firstorder 

kinetic plot. 

No.1608 

Author (s) : Vejbaesya, S., Luangtrakool, P., Luangtrakool, K., Stephens, H.A. 

Title : Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and lymphotoxin (LTA) allele and extended MHC haplotype associations with severe dengue virus 

infections in mainland SE Asians 

Source : TISSUE ANTIGENS, Volume: 75, Issue: 5, Pages: 617-618, Published: MAY 2010 




No.1609 

Author (s) : Vichaiwong, K., Purohit, S., An, D., Toyoda, T., Jessen, N., Hirshman, M.F., Goodyear, L.J. 

Title : Contraction regulates site-specific phosphorylation of TBC1D1 in skeletal muscle 

Source : Biochemical Journal, Volume 431, Issue 2, 15 October 2010, Pages 311-320 


Keywords : Akt; AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK); Contraction; Glucose transport; Skeletal muscle; TBC1D1 

Abstract : TBC1D1 (tre-2/USP6, BUB2, cdc16 domain family member 1) is aRab-GAP (GTPase-activating protein) that is highly expressed in 

skeletal muscle, but little is known about TBC1D1 regulation and function. We studied TBC1D1 phosphorylation on three 

predicted AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) phosphorylation sites (Ser231, Ser660 and Ser 700) and one predicted Akt 

phosphorylation site (Thr590) in control mice, AMPKα2 inactive transgenic mice (AMPKα2i TG) and Akt2-knockout mice (Akt2 

KO). Muscle contraction significantly increased TBC1D1 phosphorylation on Ser231 and Ser660, tended to increase Ser700 

phosphorylation, but had no effect on Thr590. AICAR (5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxyamide ribonucleoside) also increased 

phosphorylation on Ser231, Ser660 and Ser700, but not Thr 590, whereas insulin only increased Thr590 phosphorylation. 

Basal and contraction-stimulated TBC1D1 Ser231, Ser660 and Ser700 phosphorylation were greatly reduced in AMPKα2i TG 

mice, although contraction still elicited a small increase in phosphorylation. Akt2 KO mice had blunted insulin-stimulated 

TBC1D1 Thr 590 phosphorylation. Contraction-stimulated TBC1D1 Ser231 and Ser660 phosphorylation were normal in high-fatfed 

mice. Glucose uptake in vivo was significantly decreased in tibialis anterior muscles overexpressing TBC1D1 mutated on 

four predicted AMPK phosphorylation sites. In conclusion, contraction causes site-specific phosphorylation of TBC1D1 in 

skeletal muscle, and TBC1D1 phosphorylation on AMPK sites regulates contraction-stimulated glucose uptake. AMPK and Akt 

regulate TBC1D1 phosphorylation, but there must be additional upstream kinases that mediate TBC1D1 phosphorylation in 

skeletal muscle. © 2010 The Author(s). 

586


No.1610 

Author (s) : Vichyanond, P., Suratannon, C., Lertbunnaphong, P., Jirapongsananuruk, O., Visitsunthorn, N. 

Title : Clinical characteristics of children with non-allergic rhinitis vs with allergic rhinitis 



Keywords : Allergic rhinitis; Children; Non-allergic rhininitis; Skin testing 

Abstract : Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) and nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) are major causes of chronic rhinitis. Knowledge about children 

with non-allergic rhinitis is limited. Objective: To study clinical characteristics differentiating NAR and AR among children with 

chronic rhinitis. Methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive study of 302 children (with ages of 14 years or less) with chronic 

rhinitis evaluated at the pediatric allergy clinic, Siriraj Hospital between January and December 2006. Based on the results of 

skin prick test (SPT), they were classified into 2 groups, i.e., AR and NAR. Their medical records were reviewed with respect to 

clinical data on rhinitis and related symptoms. Results: There were 222 patients with AR and 80 with NAR (73.5% and 26.5%). 

Median age of onset of the disease among patients with NAR was younger than AR (p = 0.04) while the duration of disease 

among AR cases was longer than in NAR (p < 0.01). Severity of rhinitis, based on Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma 

(ARIA), was not different between the two groups. Nasal pruritus, sneezing and eye symptoms were more commonly 

observed in AR than in NAR (p






No.1614 

Author (s) : Viprakasit, V., Gattermann, N., Lee, J.W., Porter, J.B., Taher, A., Habr, D., Roubert, B., Domokos, G., Cappellini, M.D. 

Title : Geographical Differences In Transfusion and Iron Chelation Practices In 1558 Patients with Transfusion-Dependent Anemias 





No.1615 

Author (s) : Virayavanich, W., Sirikulchayanonta, V., Jaovisidha, S., Hongeng, S., Laohacharoensombat, W., Pornkul, R. 

Title : Presacral fibrosarcoma in childhood: A case report 



Keywords : Childhood fibrosarcoma; Presacral mass; Sacrum 

Abstract : Presacral fibrosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor in childhood. Because of its rarity in the presacral region, it is often missed 

from the differential diagnosis of presacral mass in childhood. The authors present a case of large presacral fibrosarcoma 

involving spinal canal, with an initial presentation of back pain and abnormal gaiting. 

No.1616 

Author (s) : Viriyasaksathian, B., Wongsawat, Y., Suriyaphol, P. 

Title : CADViST: Visualization tool for BLAST Alignment of Dengue virus sequences 

Source : 2010 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering, iCBBE 2010, 2010, Article number 5515779 


Keywords : Bioinformatics; BLAST; Dengue virus; Visualization 

Abstract : Exploration of the search engine that can simultaneously visualize the genomic sequences is one of the challenging 

problems. In this paper, we propose the software, called CADViST. The UnitX graphical representation (previously proposed 

by the authors) is employed as the alternative tool to visualize the result obtained from the Basic Local Alignment Search 

Tool (BLAST). The proposed software can efficiently help the users/experts to easily interpret the results, especially in 

Dengue virus sequence analysis where different serotypes or subtypes need to be distinguished. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.1617 

Author (s) : Visavachaipan, N., Ong-Ajyooth, L., Chanchairujuira, T., Parichatikanond, P., Choensuchon, B. 

Title : Clinical features and outcomes in patient with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-positive glomerulonephritis 

associated with propylthiouracil treatment in Siriraj Hospital. 



Keywords : antithyroid agent, corticosteroid, neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, propylthiouracil; adult, aged, article, blood, chemically 

induced disorder, female, glomerulonephritis, Graves disease, human, immunology, kidney disease, middle aged, retrospective 

study, treatment outcome; Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Adult, Aged, Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic, Antithyroid 

Agents, Female, Glomerulonephritis, Graves Disease, Humans, Kidney Diseases, Middle Aged, Propylthiouracil, Retrospective 

Studies, Treatment Outcome 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: ANCA is detected in several vasculitic diseases, including drug-induced systemic vasculitis: propylthiouracil 

(PTU), hydralazine, minocycline, penicillamine, allopurinol, procainamide, carbimazole, thiamazole, clozapine and phenytoin. 

All have been known to induce ANCA positive vasculitis in adult patients. OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical manifestation, 

renal pathology and outcome of patients with ANCA positive vasculitis associated with propylthiouracil treatment in Siriraj 

Hospital. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Retrospective study in 7patients with Graves' disease who were treated with 

propylthiouracil and developed ANCA-positive glomerulonephritis between 2000-2008. RESULTS: Seven cases with Graves' 

588


disease who received propylthiouracil whose ages were 43 +/- 14 years. The duration of propylthiouracil treatment was 68.5 

+/- 39 months and the doses were 50-150 mg per day. Six cases had P-ANCA and one case had C-ANCA in the serum. 

Proteinuria ranged from 0.49-2.9 gram per day. Mean serum creatinine was 2.05 mg/dl with creatinine clearance of 44 +/- 35 

ml/min. The propylthiouracil was withdrawn in every patient and corticosteroid was administered. Renal remission was found 

until 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: ANCA positive glomerulonephritis associated with propylthiouracil is not uncommon. 

The average onset of glomerulonephritis is 2 years or more. The propylthiouracil dosage was not necessary high. Urinalysis 

and other glomerulonephritis symptoms should be screened for early diagnosis and appropriate treatment in patients treated 

with PTU. 

No.1618 

Author (s) : Visitsunthorn, N., Chirdjirapong, V., Pootong, V., Jirapongsananuruk, O., Pacharn, P., Weeravejsukit, S., Mahakittikun, V., 

Vichyanond, P. 

Title : The accumulation of dust mite allergens on mattresses made of different kinds of materials 



Keywords : Der f1; Der p1; Group 1 allergens; Mattress; Mite allergen 

Abstract : Background: Different mattress materials may affect the accumulation of allergens. Objective: To compare the amount of 

group 1 dust mite allergens (Der p1 + Der f1) on mattresses made of different kinds of materials before and after use. 

Methods: Sixty new mattresses made of kapok, synthetic fiber, coconut fiber and sponge-like polyurethane, were placed in 

the house officers' dormitory at Siriraj hospital, Thailand. The dust samples were collected before (0), 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12 

months after the mattresses were used. Group 1 dust mite allergens were analyzed using two-site monoclonal antibody 

ELISA. Results: Der f1 made up 86.7 % of group 1 allergens found in the matress dust. After the 2nd month, only the mean 

level in sponge-like polyurethane mattress was under 2 μg/g dust (sensitized level). At the 6th month, the mean levels were 

13.1 in coconut, 21.7 in kapok and 17.3 μg/g dust in synthetic fiber, all of which were more than 10 μg/g dust (symptomatic 

level). At the 9th month, the level in sponge-like polyurethane mattress was increased to 11.2 μg/g. At 12th month the level 

in coconut fiber, sponge-like polyurethane synthetic fiber and kapok mattresses were 20.2, 22.4, 28.9 and 32.2 μg/g dust 

respectively. Conclusions: The accumulation rate in kapok and synthetic mattresses was significantly higher than coconut and 

sponge-like polyurethane mattresses. The mean level of group 1 mite allergens exceeded 10 μg/g dust after the 6th month 

of use in coconut fiber, kapok and synthetic fiber and at the 9th month in sponge-like polyurethane mattress. 

No.1619 

Author (s) : Visitsunthorn, N., Pacharn, P., Jirapongsananuruk, O., Weeravejsukit, S., Sripramong, C., Sookrung, N., Bunnag, C. 

Title : Comparison between siriraj mite allergen vaccine and standardized commercial mite vaccine by skin prick testing in normal 

thai adults 



Keywords : house dust allergen; adult, article, clinical trial, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, Dermatophagoides 

farinae, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, double blind procedure, drug dosage form comparison, drug 

formulation, experimental study, female, human, human experiment, immunoreactivity, male, normal human, prick test, skin 

manifestation, skin test; Adolescent, Adult, Antigens, Dermatophagoides, Complex Mixtures, Cost Savings, Double-Blind 

Method, Feasibility Studies, Female, Humans, Hypersensitivity, Intradermal Tests, Male, Middle Aged, Reagent Kits, 

Diagnostic, Skin, Thailand 

Abstract : House dust mite is a major cause of allergic asthma and rhinitis in Thai population. Skin prick test (SPT) is a useful tool for the 

diagnosis of the IgE-mediated reactions. The imported commercial mite vaccine for SPT is available but it is relatively 

expensive. Aim of this studyis to compare Siriraj Mite Allergen Vaccine (SMAV) with standardized commercial mite allergen 

vaccine by skin prick testing in normal Thai adults. A double blind, self-controlled study between the SMAV and standardized 

commercial mite allergen vaccine was performed by SPT in 17 normal Thai adult males and non-pregnant or non-lactating 

females aged 18-60 years. The study showed that 35.29 % of non atopic adults had positive SPT reaction to Dp and Df of 

both SMAV andstandardized commercial mite allergen vaccine. Mean wheal and flare diameters from SPT of Dp and Df of 

SMAV showed strong correlation with standardized commercial mite allergen vaccine (r = 0.768 and 0.897 in Dp and Df 

respectively, p


no significant difference in wheal and flare diameter between SMAV andstandardized commercial mite allergen vaccine. No 

systemic or large local reaction was found in any of the study cases. 

No.1620 

Author (s) : Visoottiviseth, V., Ngamtura, P. 

Title : On the performance of MIPv6 and FMIPv6 based on real IPv6 applications over IEEE 802.11g testbeds 


5665176, Pages 1217-1222 


Keywords : Fast handovers, Hand over, Handover latency, Handover process, IEEE 802.11g, IPv6 networks, LINUX- operating system, Mean 

opinion scores, Measurement tools, Mobile IPv6, Mobile nodes, Mobility supports, Network connection, Performance 

evaluation, Performance metrics, Performance study, Real applications, Subnets, Wireless test beds; Acoustic 

streaming, Computer operating systems, Information technology, Jitter, Numerical analysis, Standards, Test 

facilities, Testbeds, Video streaming, Videotex, Wireless networks; Internet protocols 

Abstract : Mobility support in IPv6 networks (MIPv6) and Fast Handovers for Mobile IPv6 (FMIPv6) are already released as RFCs for many 

years. While the former focuses on maintaining the network connections when a mobile node handovers across subnets, the 

latter is built based on the former concept, but focuses on reducing the packet loss and latency inherent to the handover 

process. Performance study of both protocols was conducted, but most of them are based on simulations or numerical 

analysis. Therefore, in this paper we present a set of experiments with real implementations of MIPv6 and FMIPv6 for Linux 

operating system, and their performance evaluation based on real applications. We create a real IEEE 802.11g wireless 

testbed and run real IPv6 applications, such as FTP and the video streaming. Jperf measurement tool is also used to measure 

the UDP performance as well. Performance metrics we observe are throughput, jitter, and handover latency. For video 

streaming, the Mean Opinion Scores (MOS) is used to evaluate. ©2010 IEEE. 

No.1621 

Author (s) : Visoottiviseth, V., Trunganont, A., Siwamogsatham, S. 

Title : Adaptive bandwidth allocation for per-station fairness on wireless access router 


5664845, Pages 238-243 


Keywords : 802.11 MAC protocol, Adaptive bandwidth allocation, Bandwidth allocations, Distributed coordination functions, IEEE 802.11 

wireless LAN, Other applications, P2P applications, Remaining bandwidth, Streaming applications, Unfairness problem, Wireless 

access, Wireless client, Wireless devices, Wireless stations, Wireless traffic; Acoustic streaming, Information 

technology, Internet protocols, Jitter, Standards, Videotex, Wireless local area networks (WLAN); Bandwidth 

Abstract : According to the nature of IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN, the bandwidth is shared among wireless devices. However, the 

bandwidth could not be fairly shared among stations, because some users may use greedy applications which prevent other 

applications from connecting to the Internet. These applications are for example, video streaming applications, download 

accelerators and P2P applications. Moreover, Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) mechanism provided in the 802.11 MAC 

protocol originates the per-flow unfairness problem between uplink and downlink flows, as uplink flows usually dominate 

downlink flows and leads to unfair bandwidth allocation among wireless stations. In this paper, we propose an adaptive 

bandwidth allocation mechanism to provide per-station fairness. The proposed scheme can control the wireless traffic for 

fairness bandwidth allocation among stations. The bandwidth of each station can be adjusted to minimize the remaining 

bandwidth. The proposed scheme also covers a method to prevent domination of uplink flow which affects per-station 

fairness. Furthermore, the proposed scheme can be implemented on wireless access router. Hence, in order to support 

legacy wireless clients, our solution can be efficiently used. ©2010 IEEE. 

No.1622 

Author (s) : Visudtibhan, A., Boonsopa, C., Thampratankul, L., Nuntnarumit, P., Okaschareon, C., Khongkhatithum, C., Chiemchanya, S., 

Visudhiphan, P. 

Title : Headache in junior high school students: Types & characteristics in Thai children 



590


Keywords : Headache; Migraine; Prevalence; Schoolchildren; Thailand 

Abstract : Objective: To survey the prevalence, types, and characteristics of headache in junior high school students. Material and 

Method: A two-stage study was conducted in seventh grade students in Bangkok, Thailand. A screening self-administered 

check-list questionnaire and a face-to-face interview followed by physical examination were performed. Headache was 

diagnosed and classified according to the Second Edition of the Classification of Headache Disorder criteria. Results: 953 

students (448 boys and 505 girls, mean-age 13.2 years) in seventh grade, participated in the present study. Eight hundred 

thirty three students (87.4%) reported of having five episodes of headache in the past three months. After person-toperson 

interview; there were 121 (12.6%), 116 (12.1%), nine (0.9%), and seven (0.7%) students who had headache attributing to 

rhinosinusitis / upper respiratory tract infections, migraine, nonspecific headache with upper-limit systolic blood pressure, and 

tension-type headache respectively. Lack of sleep and stress related to daily school-activities were reported as headache 

precipitator in 25 and 23 students with migraine, respectively. School absenteeism was documented in four students with 

migraine. Only one student received migraine prophylactic treatment. Conclusion: Headache was common in Thai grade 

seven schoolchildren. Awareness of its high prevalence in these agegroup children will lead to early identification of students 

who may need intervention and specific treatment. 

No.1623 

Author (s) : Visudtibhan, A., Thampratankul, L., Khongkhatithum, C., Okascharoen, C., Siripornpanich, V., Chiemchanya, S., Visudhiphan, P. 

Title : Migraine in junior high-school students: A prospective 3-academic-year cohort study 

Source : Brain and Development, Volume 32, Issue 10, November 2010, Pages 855-862 


Keywords : Cohort study; Migraine; Schoolchildren; Thailand 

Abstract : Migraine is a common childhood illness with expected favorable outcome. A study of the long-term clinical course of 

childhood migraine will provide information of evolution of migraine. A cohort study for 3-academic-year was conducted in 

Thai junior high-school children from July 2005 to February 2008 to determine the clinical course of migraine. Two hundred 

and forty-eight students in four junior high schools diagnosed with migraine according to ICHD-II in July 2005 were recruited. 

Each student was serially evaluated twice yearly from 7th grade during each semester of the academic year until the second 

semester of 9th grade. Determination of the characteristics, severity, frequency, and treatment of headache were obtained by 

questionnaire and direct interview. At the final evaluation, clinical course of headache was categorized into seven patterns. 

Among enrolled students, 209 (84.3%) completed the study. Twenty-eight (13.5%) students had no recurrent headache while 

that of 153 (73.5%) improved. No improvement of migraine and worsened migraine were observed in four students (1.8%) 

and 24 students (11.2%), respectively. Spontaneous remission and avoidance of precipitating causes contributed to relief of 

migraine in the majority of the students. Stress-related daily school activities and inadequate rest were reported as common 

precipitating factors among students with non-improving or worsening outcome. Chronic daily headache and tension-type 

headache was observed in 6 and 30 students, respectively. This study confirms that clinical course of migraine in 

schoolchildren is benign. Frequency and intensity of headache can be reduced with reassurance and appropriate guidance. 

Early recognition and appropriate prevention of migraine attack will decrease the risk of chronic migraine and disease burden. 

© 2009 Elsevier B.V. 

No.1624 

Author (s) : Visudtibhan, A., Tuntiyathorn, L., Vaewpanich, J., Sukjit, P., Khongkatithum, C., Thampratankul, L., Chiemchanya, S., 

Visudhiphan, P. 

Title : Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: A 10-year cohort study in Thai children 

Source : European Journal of Paediatric Neurology, Volume 14, Issue 6, November 2010, Pages 513-518 


Keywords : ADEM; Children; Multiple sclerosis; Outcomes; Thailand 

Abstract : Childhood acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a demyelinating disease with variable clinical courses and 

outcomes. Its evolution to multiple sclerosis in Asian children is yet to be determined. Medical records, investigation results 

and magnetic resonance imaging of brain of Thai children aged less than 15 years with initial diagnosis of ADEM at a referral 

university hospital in Thailand from January 1997 to December 2006 were reviewed. Clinical course and the outcome were 

finalized by telephone interview, self-report questionnaire, and/or neurological examination by December 2008. Modified 

Rankin Score was applied for determination of disability. MRI findings were categorized along with the locations and number 

of areas of abnormalities shown by T2-weight and FLAIR. 16 patients consisting of 5 boys and 11 girls (age-range 1-14 years, 

591


mean 6.9 ± 3.6 years, median 6 years) were identified. Nine patients had cranial nerve dysfunctions including one child with 

optic neuropathy. One patient died with confirmed pathological diagnosis of ADEM. Among the remaining 15, who were 

followed from 2 to 10 years (mean 5.8 years), 13 and 3 patients were classified into monophasic ADEM and multiple sclerosis, 

respectively. Ten of 13 with final diagnosis of ADEM had complete recovery. There was no association between number of 

lesions or location in the initial MRI and the outcome and final diagnosis. ADEM in Thai children had similar clinical 

presentation and outcome to previous studies in Western countries. ADEM can occasionally evolve to multiple sclerosis in 

Thai children as being shown in previous reports from other Asian countries. © 2010 European Paediatric Neurology Society. 

Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.1625 

Author (s) : Vitta, A., Yoshino, T.P., Kalambaheti, T., Komalamisra, C., Waikagul, J., Ruangsittichai, J., Dekumyoy, P. 

Title : Application of recombinant SMR-domain containing protein of angiostrongylus cantonensis in immunoblot diagnosis of human 

angiostrongyliasis 



Keywords : Angiostrongylus cantonensis; Eosinophilic meningitis; Immunodiagnosis; Recombinant fusion protein 

Abstract : The aim of this study was to find novel proteins expressed from an Angiostrongylus cantonensis adult female worm cDNA 

library for serodiagnosis of angiostrongyliasis. An immuno-dominant clone, fAC22, was identified by immunoscreening with 

pooled positive sera from proven angiostrongyliasis patients. The clone contained an open reading frame of 2,136 bp 

encoding a 80.5 kDa protein with a predicted isoelectric point of 5.8. The deduced amino acid sequence (712 amino acids) 

contained the conserved domain of Small mutS related (Smr) superfamily protein, with similarity with the Smr domain 

protein of Brugia malayi. The fusion His-tagged 81 kDa recombinant protein expressed as inclusion body in Escherichia coli 

was solubilized and purified by Ni-affinity chromatography for use in immunoblot analysis. Its sensitivity, specificity, positive 

and negative predictive values in immunodiagnostic test was 93.5, 91.5, 79.0 and 97.5%, respectively. Although some crossreactivity 

of the antigen was observed among gnathostomiasis, bancroftian filariasis, ascariasis, echinococcosis, paragonimiasis 

and opisthorchiasis, sera from 14 other infections were all negative. These data indicate its possible application in 

immunodiagnosis of clinically suspected angiostrongyliasis. 

No.1626 

Author (s) : Vivithanaporn, P., Heo, G., Gamble, J., Krentz, H.B., Hoke, A., Gill, M.J., Power, C. 

Title : Neurologic disease burden in treated HIV/AIDS predicts survival: A population-based study 

Source : Neurology, Volume 75, Issue 13, 28 September 2010, Pages 1150-1158 


Keywords : acquired immune deficiency syndrome, adult, article, Canada, cause of death, CD4+ T lymphocyte, central nervous system 

infection, clinical feature, controlled study, distal sensory polyneuropathy, epilepsy, female, headache, health program, HIV 

associated dementia, human, Human immunodeficiency virus infected patient, Human immunodeficiency virus 

infection, major clinical study, male, mononeuropathy, morbidity, mortality, motor dysfunction, myopathy, neurologic 

disease, opportunistic infection, patient care, prevalence, priority journal, seizure, survival time, virus load, health care 

planning, incidence, prediction and forecasting, proportional hazards model, retrospective study; Adult, Community Health 

Planning, Female, HIV Infections, Humans, Incidence, Male, Nervous System Diseases, Predictive Value of 

Tests, Prevalence, Proportional Hazards Models, Retrospective Studies 

Abstract : Background: Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has improved the survival of patients with HIV/AIDS but its impact 

remains uncertain on the changing prevalence and incidence of neurologic disorders with ensuing effects on mortality. 

Methods: The prevalence and incidence of neurologic disorders were examined in patients receiving active care in a regional 

HIV care program from 1998 to 2008. The mortality hazard ratio (HR) was calculated by Cox proportional hazard models with 

adjustment for demographic and clinical variables. Results: Of 1,651 HIV-infected patients assessed, 404 (24.5%) were 

identified as having one or more neurologic disorders, while 41% of AIDS-affected persons exhibited neurologic disease. 

Symptomatic distal sensory polyneuropathy (DSP, 10.0%) and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND, 6.2%) 

represented the most prevalent disorders among 53 recognized neurologic disorders. Patients with at least one neurologic 

disorder exhibited higher mortality rates (17.6% vs 8.0%, p < 0.0001), particularly AIDS-related deaths (9.7% vs 3.2%, p < 

0.0001), compared with those without neurologic disorders. The highest mortality HR was associated with opportunistic 

infections of CNS (HR 5.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.5-11.2), followed by HAND (HR 3.1, 95% CI 1.8-5.3) and the presence 

592


of any neurologic disorder (HR 2.0, 95% CI 1.2-3.2). The risk of AIDS-related death with a neurologic disorder was increased by 

13.3% per 100 cells/mm decrement in blood CD4+ T-cell levels or by 39% per 10-fold increment in plasma viral load. 

Conclusions: The burden and type of HIV-related neurologic disease have evolved over the past decade and despite the 

availability of cART, neurologic disorders occur frequently and predict an increased risk of death. Copyright © 2010 by AAN 

Enterprises, Inc. 

No.1627 

Author (s) : Vivithanaporn, P., Maingat, F., Lin, L.-T., Na, H., Richardson, C.D., Agrawal, B., Cohen, E.A., Jhamandas, J.H., Power, C. 

Title : Hepatitis C virus core protein induces neuroimmune activation and potentiates human immunodeficiency virus-1 neurotoxicity 

Source : PLoS ONE, Volume 5, Issue 9, 2010, Article number e12856, Pages 1-14 


Keywords : beta tubulin, core protein, gamma interferon inducible protein 10, Human immunodeficiency virus protein, interleukin 

1beta, interleukin 6, interleukin 8, nonstructural protein 3, tumor necrosis factor alpha, virus RNA; animal experiment, animal 

model, article, astrocyte, behavior disorder, brain nerve cell, cell survival, cell viability, controlled 

study, encephalitis, female, gene expression, gliosis, Hepatitis C virus, human, human cell, human cell culture, Human 

immunodeficiency virus 1, Human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection, human 

tissue, immunomodulation, immunoreactivity, microglia, mouse, neurologic 

disease, neuropathology, neurotoxicity, nonhuman, virus culture; Animalia, Hepatitis C virus, Human immunodeficiency virus 

1, Mus musculus 

Abstract : Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genomes and proteins are present in human brain tissues although the impact of HIV/ HCV 

co-infection on neuropathogenesis remains unclear. Herein, we investigate HCV infectivity and effects on neuronal survival 

and neuroinflammation in conjunction with HIV infection. Methodology: Human microglia, astrocyte and neuron cultures were 

infected with cell culture-derived HCV or exposed to HCV core protein with or without HIV-1 infection or HIV-1 Viral Protein R 

(Vpr) exposure. Host immune gene expression and cell viability were measured. Patch-clamp studies of human neurons were 

performed in the presence or absence of HCV core protein. Neurobehavioral performance and neuropathology were 

examined in HIV-1 Vpr-transgenic mice in which stereotaxic intrastriatal implants of HCV core protein were performed. 

Principal Findings: HCV-encoded RNA as well as HCV core and non-structural 3 (NS3) proteins were detectable in human 

microglia and astrocytes infected with HCV. HCV core protein exposure induced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines 

including interleukin-1b, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in microglia (p



Keywords : Diamond bur; Hybrid resin composite; Hydrofluoric acid; Sandblast; Weibull analysis 

Abstract : The objective of this study was to analyze the survival probabilities of various surface preparation techniques for bonding 

buccal tubes on resin composite surface. Resin composite specimens (hybrid), 33 per group were prepared. 8 experimental 

groups were (1) sandblast 90 μm; (2) sandblast 50 μm; (3) abrasion using diamond bur; (4) hydrofluoric acid etching for 1 min 

(HF 1 min); (5) HF 2 min; (6) HF 3 min; (7) 37% orthophosphoric etching for 10 min (H3PO4 10 min) and (8) control (unetched 

surface). Plastic conditioner was applied then buccal tubes were bonded. Shear bond strength was tested with the universal 

testing machine and the Weibull analysis was performed. The results at a stress level of 7.8 MPa and 10 MPa, revealed the 

probabilities of survival for sandblast 50 μm (100%, 99.9%), sandblast 90 μm (99.7%, 98.7%), diamond bur (98.3%, 93.4%), HF 

2 min (95.9%, 85.3%), HF 1 min (78.3%, 61.4%), HF 3 min (70.6%, 46.3%), H3PO4 10 min (61.4%, 44.5%) and control (26.3%, 

6.9%), respectively. Therefore, surface preparation by sandblast (50 μm and 90 μm), or diamond bur followed by plastic 

conditioner were highly effective for bonding orthodontic buccal tubes on hybrid resin composite surface. HF 2 min was 

acceptable. However, HF 1 min, 3 min, H3PO4 etching and unetched surface could not achieve adequate bond survival. © 

2010 Elsevier Ltd and the Japanese Orthodontic Society. 

No.1630 

Author (s) : Viwattanatipa, N., Jermwiwatkul, W., Chintavalakorn, R., Nanthavanich, N. 

Title : The effect of different surface preparation techniques on the survival probabilities of orthodontic brackets bonded to nanofill 

composite resin 

Source : Journal of Orthodontics, Volume 37, Issue 3, September 2010, Pages 162-173 


Keywords : Diamond bur; Hydrofluoric acid; Nanofill resin composite; Sandblast; Weibull analysis 

Abstract : Objective: To analyze the survival probabilities of different surface preparation techniques for bonding brackets to nanofill 

composite resin. Design: In vitro, laboratory study. Setting: Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. Materials and methods: 

Thirty-five nanofill composite resin specimens/group were subjected to four surface preparation techniques as follows: (1) 

sandblast using aluminium oxide powder of 90 μm; (2) abrasion using diamond bur; (3) hydrofluoric acid etching for 2 min; 

and (4) 37% orthophosphoric acid etching for 30 s. Plastic conditioner was applied then brackets were bonded. Shear bond 

strength tests were carried out on a universal testing machine. Main outcome measures: Shear bond strength (MPa) and 

debonding force (N) were analyzed using Weibull analysis Results: The maximum stress and debonding force levels with a 

95% probability of survival ranking from highest to lowest were: (1) sandblast group (4.2 MPa, 45.5 N); (2) diamond bur group 

(2.2 MPa, 25.3 N); (3) orthophosphoric group (1.9 MPa, 19.8 N); and (4) hydrofluoric group (0.8 MPa, 10.9 N). There was a 

significant difference in the adhesive remnant index scores between the surface preparation techniques (chi squared P< 

0.001). Conclusion: Bonding orthodontic brackets to nanofill composite resin materials may result in lower bond strengths and 

special surface preparation techniques might be required to avoid increased numbers of bond failures. Surface treatment with 

sandblasting followed by plastic conditioner could increase the survival probability. The use of a diamond bur, 

orthophosphoric etching or hydrofluoric etching cannot be recommended. © 2010 British Orthodontic Society. 

No.1631 

Author (s) : Von Hertzen, H., Huong, N.T.M., Piaggio, G., Bayalag, M., Cabezas, E., Fang, A.H., Gemzell-Danielsson, K., Hinh, N.D., Mittal, S., Ng, 

E.H.Y., Chaturachinda, K., Pinter, B., Puscasiu, L., Savardekar, L., Shenoy, S., Khomassuridge, A., Tuyet, H.T.D., Velasco, A., 

Peregoudov, A. 

Title : Misoprostol dose and route after mifepristone for early medical abortion: A randomised controlled noninferiority trial 

Source : BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Volume 117, Issue 10, September 2010, Pages 1186-1196 


Keywords : Factorial design; medical abortion; mifepristone; misoprostol dose and route 

Abstract : Objective To compare 400 and 800 g sublingual or vaginal misoprostol 24 hours after 200 mg mifepristone for noninferiority 

regarding efficacy in achieving complete abortion for pregnancy termination up to 63 days of gestation. Design Placebocontrolled, 

randomised, noninferiority factorial trial, stratified by centre and length of gestation. Misoprostol 400 or 800 g, 

administered either sublingually or vaginally, with follow up after 2 and 6 weeks. Setting Fifteen obstetricsgynaecology 

departments in ten countries. Population Pregnant women (n = 3005) up to 63 days of gestation requesting medical abortion. 

Methods Two-sided 95% CI for differences in failure of complete abortion and continuing pregnancy, with a 3% noninferiority 

margin, were calculated. Proportions of women with adverse effects were recorded. Outcome measures Complete abortion 

594


without surgical intervention (main); continuing live pregnancies, induction-to-abortion interval, adverse effects, women's 

perceptions (secondary). Results Efficacy outcomes analysed for 2962 women (98.6%): 90.5% had complete abortion after 

400 g misoprostol, 94.2% after 800 g. Noninferiority of 400 g misoprostol was not demonstrated for failure of complete 

abortion (difference: 3.7%; 95% CI 1.8-5.6%). The 400-g dose showed higher risk of incomplete abortion (P < 0.01) and 

continuing pregnancy (P < 0.01) than 800 g. Vaginal and sublingual routes had similar risks of failure to achieve complete 

abortion (P = 0.47, difference in sublingual minus vaginal -0.7%, 95% CI -2.6-1.2%). A similar pattern was observed for 

continuing pregnancies (P = 0.21). Fewer women reported adverse effects with vaginal than sublingual administration and with 

the 400-g dose than the 800-g dose. Of the women, 94% were satisfied or highly satisfied with the regimens, 53% preferred 

the sublingual route and 47% preferred the vaginal route. Conclusions A 400-g dose of misoprostol should not replace the 

800-g dose when administered 24 hours after 200 mg mifepristone for inducing abortion in pregnancies up to 63 days. 

Sublingual and vaginal misoprostol have similar efficacy, but vaginal administration is associated with a lower frequency of 

adverse effects. © RCOG 2010 BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 

No.1632 

Author (s) : Vonghachack, Y., Dekumyoy, P., Yoonuan, T., Sa-nguankiat, S., Nuamtanong, S., Thaenkham, U., Phommasack, B., Kobayashi, J., 

Waikagul, J. 

Title : Sero-epidemiological survey of gnathostomiasis in Lao PDR 



Keywords : Food-borne nematode; Gnathostoma spinigerum; Gnathostomiasis; Immunoblot; Lao PDR; Sero-prevalence 

Abstract : While human gnathostomiasis cases have been reported sporadically in Lao PDR since 1975, little is known about the disease 

in this country. We aimed to investigate sero-prevalence of gnathostomiasis and Gnathostoma species in Lao PDR. One village 

each in the north, central and south regions of Lao PDR was selected as the study sites. Overall, 125 (29.8%) of 420 sera from 

the randomly selected participants were sero-positive by immunoblot technique, with anti-Gnathostoma IgG antibody against 

the 24. kDa fraction. The sero-prevalence was high in the central (47.1%) and south (38.6%), but low (3.6%) in the north. Risk 

factor analyses revealed that the consumption of raw/undercooked fish was significantly associated with Gnathostoma seropositivity 

(95% CI 1.05-17.05, P=0.042). The sero-positivity significantly increased with the age of the participants. Several fish, 

swamp eels, and frogs collected from central and southern Lao were infected with G. spinigerum advanced 3rd-stage larvae. 

Channa limbata (red-tailed snakehead fish) was identified as a natural second intermediate host of G. spinigerum. Eggs of G. 

spinigerum were found in dog feces collected in the south. Gnathostomiasis is endemic in central and southern Laos, so that 

preventive measures should be introduced for people living in these regions. © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. 

No.1633 

Author (s) : Vongsawan, K., Surarit, R., Rirattanapong, P. 

Title : The effect of high calcium milk and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate on enamel erosion caused by 

cholinated water 



Keywords : Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate; Erosion; Microhardness; Milk 

Abstract : The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of high calcium milk and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous 

calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) on enamel erosion caused by chlorinated water. Thirty-six bovine enamel samples without 

wear or caries 3×4 mm in size were placed in acrylic blocks. All specimens were randomly allocated into 3 groups 

(n=12/group): CPP-ACP in the form of paste, Anlene concentrated milk and a control (no treatment). All specimens were 

soaked in chlorinated water (pH =5.0) at room temperature for 72 hours following by soaking in artificial saliva for 30 minutes. 

Then, microhardness was determined using a microhardness tester. Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA and paired ttest. 

The microhardness value change in the control group was significantly higher than the other groups. No significant 

differences were seen between the 2 study groups. High calcium milk and CPP-ACP enhanced remineralization of enamel 

erosion caused by chlorinated water. 

No.1634 

Author (s) : Vongvatcharanon, U., Khornchatri, K., Udomuksorn, W., Kumarnsit, E., Vongvatcharanon, S., Sobhon, P. 

Title : Influence of aging and long-term swimming exercise on parvalbumin distribution in rat hearts 

595


Source : Acta Histochemica, Volume 112, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 72-80 


Keywords : Aging; Calcium-binding protein; Heart; Immunohistochemistry; Parvalbumin; Swimming; Western blotting 

Abstract : Parvalbumin (PV), which is a small (12 kDa) cytoplasmic calcium-binding protein, has been implicated in mediating relaxation 

in cardiac myocytes. The influence of aging and exercise on the distribution of PV in rat heart was investigated. Male Wistar 

rats aged 3, 6, 12 and 18-months were divided into sedentary and exercise groups. The exercise group underwent exercise in 

the form of regular swimming for 6 months. The hearts were processed for immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The 

intensity of PV immunoreactivity was strong in the 9 and 12-month hearts and decreased in the 18-month hearts. The 

smallest amount was detected in the 24-month rat hearts when compared to those of the 9, 12 and 18-month rat hearts. 

Significantly less PV was detected in the 18 and 24-month hearts compared to the 12-month rat hearts (P


close to the anterior surface of the sacroiliac joint and the ala of the sacrum. To prevent nerve root injury, dissection with a 

sharp instrument should be avoided at such area and 5 to 7 mm medial to the sacroiliac joint. 

No.1637 

Author (s) : Wajanavisit, W., Woratanarat, P., Woratanarat, T., Aroonjaruthum, K., Kulachote, N., Leelapatana, W., Laohacharoensombat, W. 

Title : The evaluation of short fusion in idiopathic scoliosis 

Source : Indian Journal of Orthopaedics, Volume 44, Issue 1, 1 January 2010, Pages 28-34 


Keywords : Idiopathic scoliosis; Pedicle screw and plate fixation; Selective posterior fusion; Short fusion 

Abstract : Background: Selective thoracic fusion in type II curve has been recommended by King et al. since 1983. They suggested that 

care must be taken to use the vertebra that is neutral and stable so that the lower level of fusion is centered over the 

sacrum. Since then there has been the trend to do shorter and selective fusion of the major curve. This study was conducted 

to find out whether short posterior pedicle instrumentation alone could provide efficient correction and maintain trunk 

balance comparing to the anterior instrumentation. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted during 2005- 

2007 on 39 consecutive cases with idiopathic scoliosis cases King 2 and 3 (Lenke 1A, 1B), 5C and miscellaneous. Only the 

major curve was instrumented unless both curves were equally rigid and of the same magnitude. The level of fusion was 

planned as the end vertebra (EVB) to EVB fusion, although minor adjustment was modified by the surgeons intraoperatively. 

The most common fusion levels in major thoracic curves were T6-T12, whereas the most common fusion levels in the 

thoraco-lumbar curves were T10-L3. Fusion was performed from the posterior only approach and the implants utilized were 

uniformly plate and pedicle screw system. All the patients were followed at least 2 years till skeletal maturity. The correction 

of the curve were assessed according to type of curve (lenke IA, IB and 5), severity of curve (less than 450, 450-890 and more 

than 900), age at surgery (14 or less and 15 or more) and number of the segment involved in instrumentation (fusion level 

less than curve, fusion level as of the curve and fusion more than the curve) Results: The average long-term curve correction 

for the thoracic was 40.4% in Lenke 1A, 52.2% in Lenke 1B and 56.3% in Lenke 5. The factors associated with poorer outcome 

were younger age at surgery ( 11 years or Risser 0), fusion at wrong levels (shorter than the measured end vertebra) and rigid 

curve identified by bending study. However, all patients had significant improved trunk balance and coronal hump at the final 

assessment at maturity. Two patients underwent late extension fusion because of junctional scoliosis. Conclusions: With 

modern instrumentations, the EVB of the major curve can be used at the end of the instrumentation in most cases of 

idiopathic scoliosis. In those cases with either severe trunk shift, younger than 11 years old, or extreme rigid curve, an 

extension of one or more levels might be safer. In particular situations, the concept of centering the lowest vertebra over the 

sacrum should be adopted. 

No.1638 

Author (s) : Waltenberger, B.; Schuster, D.; Paramapojn, S.; Gritsanapan, W.; Wolber, G.; Rollinger, J.; Stuppner, H. 

Title : In silico strategy for the identification of cyclooxygenase inhibitors from the Thai medicinal mixture Prasaplai 


Document Type : Meeting Abdtract 



No.1639 

Author (s) : Wananukul, W., Klaikleun, S., Sriapha, C., Tongpoo, A. 

Title : Effect of activated charcoal in reducing paracetamol absorption at a supra-therapeutic dose 



Keywords : Acetaminophen; Activated charcoal; Cross-over; Decontamination; Overdose; Paracetamol; Pharmacokinetics; Randomization 

Abstract : Background: Activated charcoal (AC) is recommended for treatment of acute poisoning, thereby decreasing gastrointestinal 

tract absorption. AC from different sources may have different adsorptive capacity. The AC that is available in Thailand has 

not been proven yet for its efficacy. The authors simulated paracetamol overdose model for the present study. Objective: To 

assess the efficacy of AC that is available in Thailand in decreasing absorption of paracetamol at supratherapeutic dose. 

Material and Method: This was a two-arm, prospective, crossover study. Washout period was 1 week. Twelve healthy male 

volunteers participated. All volunteers were randomly assigned to either sequence of control-experiment (CE) or EC. The 

597


participants ingested 60 mg/Kg of paracetamol at Time = 0. At Time = 0.25 hour, they ingested 50 g of AC as slurry with 250 

ml of water when they were assigned as E, but drank 250 mL of water when were assigned as C. Blood samples were serially 

collected for determination of paracetamol concentration and calculating pharmacokinetic parameters, area under the 

timeconcentration curve (AUC (0,∞)). Results: Means of the AUC (0,∞) were 313.7 ± 29.8 and 184.8 ± 91.6 mg-h/L in the 

control and experimental arm, respectively. It was statistically different (p = 0.01). Conclusion: The tested AC was found to be 

able to reduce the absorption of the supratherapeutic dose of paracetamol. 

No.1640 

Author (s) : Wangdi, K., Singhasivanon, P., Silawan, T., Lawpoolsri, S., White, NJ., Kaewkungwal, J. 

Title : Development of temporal modelling for forecasting and prediction of malaria infections using time-series and ARIMAX 

analyses: A case study in endemic districts of Bhutan 

Source : MALARIA JOURNAL Volume: 9 Article Number: 251 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-9-251 Published: SEP 3 2010 


Keywords : PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; CLIMATIC VARIABLES; SRI-LANKA; TRANSMISSION; THAILAND; BURDEN; RISK 

Abstract : Background: Malaria still remains a public health problem in some districts of Bhutan despite marked reduction of cases in 

last few years. To strengthen the country's prevention and control measures, this study was carried out to develop 

forecasting and prediction models of malaria incidence in the endemic districts of Bhutan using time series and ARIMAX. 

Methods: This study was carried out retrospectively using the monthly reported malaria cases from the health centres to 

Vector-borne Disease Control Programme (VDCP) and the meteorological data from Meteorological Unit, Department of 

Energy, Ministry of Economic Affairs. Time series analysis was performed on monthly malaria cases, from 1994 to 2008, in 

seven malaria endemic districts. The time series models derived from a multiplicative seasonal autoregressive integrated 

moving average (ARIMA) was deployed to identify the best model using data from 1994 to 2006. The best-fit model was 

selected for each individual district and for the overall endemic area was developed and the monthly cases from January to 

December 2009 and 2010 were forecasted. In developing the prediction model, the monthly reported malaria cases and the 

meteorological factors from 1996 to 2008 of the seven districts were analysed. The method of ARIMAX modelling was 

employed to determine predictors of malaria of the subsequent month. Results: It was found that the ARIMA (p, d, q) (P, D, 

Q)(s) model (p and P representing the auto regressive and seasonal autoregressive; d and D representing the non-seasonal 

differences and seasonal differencing; and q and Q the moving average parameters and seasonal moving average parameters, 

respectively and s representing the length of the seasonal period) for the overall endemic districts was (2,1,1)(0,1,1) 12; the 

modelling data from each district revealed two most common ARIMA models including (2,1,1)(0,1,1)(12) and (1,1,1)(0,1,1)(12). 

The forecasted monthly malaria cases from January to December 2009 and 2010 varied from 15 to 82 cases in 2009 and 67 

to 149 cases in 2010, where population in 2009 was 285,375 and the expected population of 2010 to be 289,085. The 

ARIMAX model of monthly cases and climatic factors showed considerable variations among the different districts. In general, 

the mean maximum temperature lagged at one month was a strong positive predictor of an increased malaria cases for four 

districts. The monthly number of cases of the previous month was also a significant predictor in one district, whereas no 

variable could predict malaria cases for two districts. Conclusions: The ARIMA models of time-series analysis were useful in 

forecasting the number of cases in the endemic areas of Bhutan. There was no consistency in the predictors of malaria cases 

when using ARIMAX model with selected lag times and climatic predictors. The ARIMA forecasting models could be employed 

for planning and managing malaria prevention and control programme in Bhutan. 

No.1641 

Author (s) : Wangsomboonsiri, W., Mahasirimongkol, S., Chantarangsu, S., Kiertiburanakul, S., Charoenyingwattana, A., Komindr, S., 

Thongnak, C., Mushiroda, T., Nakamura, Y., Chantratita, W., Sungkanuparph, S. 

Title : Association between HLA-B*4001 and lipodystrophy among HIV-infected patients from Thailand who received a stavudinecontaining 

antiretroviral regimen 

Source : Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 50, Issue 4, 15 February 2010, Pages 597-604 


Keywords : HLA DPB1 antigen, HLA DQB1 antigen, proteinase inhibitor, RNA directed DNA polymerase inhibitor, stavudine; adult, antiviral 

therapy, article, body composition, controlled study, disease severity, female, genetic risk, HIV associated 

lipodystrophy, human, Human immunodeficiency virus infection, major clinical study, male, patient coding, priority 

journal, risk assessment, Thailand; Adult, Anti-Retroviral Agents, Body Composition, Case-Control Studies, Cross-Sectional 

598


Studies, Female, HIV Infections, HLA-B Antigens, Humans, Lipodystrophy, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Predictive Value 

of Tests, Risk Factors, Sensitivity and Specificity, Stavudine, Thailand 

Abstract : Background. Stavudine-containing antiretroviral regimens are widely used in developing countries. Stavudineassociated 

lipodystrophy commonly occurs, without a clear predictable pattern owing to the unknown interaction between stavudine 

and the host, among patients who received this regimen. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical risk factors and 

human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles associated with stavudine-associated lipodystrophy. Methods. A case-control, crosssectional 

study was conducted for HIV-infected patients receiving stavudinecontaining antiretroviral regimens. Clinical 

assessments for lipodystrophy by physical examination, anthropometry, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were obtained. 

On the basis of their clinical assessment, the patients were classified into 2 groups: the case group (moderated to severe 

lipodystrophy) and the control group (absent to mild lipodystrophy). The clinical characteristics and allelic distribution of 

HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQB1, and HLA-DPB1 were compared between the case group and the control group, to 

determine the possible association with stavudine-associated lipodystrophy. Results. There were 103 patients; 55 patients 

were in the case group, and 48 patients were in the control group. By use of forward stepwise logistic regression, the 

presence of HLA-B*4001 (odds ratio [OR], 14.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.57-76.59; P =.002) and a longer duration of 

stavudine treatment (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.00-1.04; P =.02) were significantly associated with stavudine-associated lipodystrophy, 

whereas a higher body mass index during treatment (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.61-0.86; P


from medical records for the same period. Unit cost calculation was based on the official method of hospital accounting. 

Results The overall unit cost for each patient visit was $673.99 United States dollar (USD). The detailed unit cost of nurse 

visit, new patient visit, follow-up visit, consultation, Mohs and non-Mohs procedure were, respectively, $368.27, $580.09, 

$477.82, $585.52, $1,086.12 and $858.23 USD. With respect to a Mohs visit, the unit cost per lesion and unit cost per stage 

were $867.89 and $242.30 USD respectively. Conclusions Results from this retrospective study provide information that may 

be used for pricing strategy and resource allocation by the administrative board of MDU. © 2009 European Academy of 

Dermatology and Venereology. 

No.1644 

Author (s) : Wasant, P., Kuptanon, C., Vattanavicharn, N., Liammongkolkul, S., Ratanarak, P., Sangruchi, T., Yamaguchi, S. 

Title : Glutaric aciduria type 2, late onset type in thai siblings with myopathy 

Source : Pediatric Neurology, Volume 43, Issue 4, October 2010, Pages 279-282 


Keywords : acylcarnitine, carnitine, creatine kinase, electron transferring flavoprotein, glycine, lactate dehydrogenase, 

methylprednisolone, prednisolone, riboflavin; allele, article, case report, child, corticosteroid therapy, creatine kinase blood 

level, echocardiography, electromyography, follow up, gene mutation, human, human tissue, immunoblotting, lactate 

dehydrogenase blood level, lipid storage, low fat diet, male, multiple acyl CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, muscle 

biopsy, muscle strength, muscle weakness, myopathy, nerve conduction, physical examination, polymyositis, priority 

journal, protein deficiency, school child, sibling, Thailand; Alleles, Blotting, Western, Child, DNA Mutational Analysis, Electron- 

Transferring Flavoproteins, Humans, Iron-Sulfur Proteins, Male, Multiple Acyl Coenzyme A Dehydrogenase Deficiency, Muscle 

Weakness, Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors 

Abstract : Reported here is a novel presentation of late onset glutaric aciduria type 2 in two Thai siblings. A 9-year-old boy presented 

with gradual onset of proximal muscle weakness for 6 weeks. The initial diagnosis was postviral myositis, and then 

polymyositis. Electromyography and nerve conduction velocity testing indicated a myopathic pattern. Muscle biopsy revealed 

excessive accumulation of fat. Acylcarnitine profiling led to the diagnosis of glutaric aciduria type 2. Immunoblot analysis of 

electron-transferring-flavoprotein and its dehydrogenase electron-transferring-flavoprotein dehydrogenase led to mutation 

analysis of the ETFDH gene, which revealed two different pathogenic mutations in both alleles and confirmed the diagnosis of 

glutaric aciduria type 2 caused by electron-transferring-flavoprotein dehydrogenase deficiency. The boy recovered completely 

after treatment. Later, his younger sibling became symptomatic; the same diagnosis was confirmed, and treatment was 

similarly effective. Acylcarnitine profiling was a crucial investigation in making this diagnosis in the presence of normal urine 

organic acid findings. Late onset glutaric aciduria type 2, a rare cause of muscle weakness in children, should be included in 

the differential diagnosis of myopathy. © 2010 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 

No.1645 

Author (s) : Wasant, P.; Sathienkijkanchai, A.; Vattanavicham, N.; Liammongkolkul, S.; Keeratichamroen, S.; Ketudat-Cairns, J. R.; Svasti, J.; 

Kolodny, E. H. 

Title : MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSES IN THAILAND: SIRIRAJ EXPERIENCE 

Source : JOURNAL OF INHERITED METABOLIC DISEASE, Volume: 33, Pages: S138-S138, Supplement: 1, Published: AUG 2010 




No.1646 

Author (s) : Wasay, M., Kaul, S., Menon, B., Venketasubramanian, N., Gunaratne, P., Khalifa, A., Poungvarin, N., Saadatnia, M., Gan, R.N., Dai, 

A., Mehndiratta, M.M. 

Title : Ischemic stroke in young Asian women: Risk factors, subtypes and outcome 

Source : Cerebrovascular Diseases, Volume 30, Issue 4, September 2010, Pages 418-422 


Keywords : Asian; Female; Outcome; Stroke; Women; Young 

Abstract : Background and Objective: The objective of our study was to describe risk factors, mechanisms and outcome of young Asian 

women with ischemic stroke. Methods: Twelve tertiary-care centers in 8 Asian countries participated. Women aged 15-45 

years were included if they had an ischemic stroke supported by neuroimaging. Data on age, risk factor history, stroke 

600


mechanism and discharge status were collected. Results: A total of 958 subjects were included, their mean age was 34 years. 

Large-vessel thrombosis comprised 24%, cerebral venous thrombosis 21%, cardioembolism 19% and small-vessel thrombosis 

15%. The stroke risk factors included hypertension (29%), diabetes (14%), pregnancy (11%), valvular heart disease (10%) and 

cigarette smoking (3%). Anemia was found in 42%, and mortality was 4%; at discharge, 17% had modified Rankin score (mRS) 

>4 and 83% mRS 0-3. Conclusion: Unlike among Caucasians, large-vessel thrombosis, cerebral venous thrombosis and 

cardioembolism are common among young Asian women with stroke. A high proportion are pregnancy-related. More studies 

are needed. Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG. 

No.1647 

Author (s) : Wasinphongwanit, P., Phokharatkul, P. 

Title : Image retrieval using contour feature with rough set method 

Source : 2010 International Conference on Computer, Mechatronics, Control and Electronic Engineering, CMCE 2010, Volume 6, 2010, 



Keywords : Fourier descriptors; Image retrieval; Rough set 

Abstract : Content based image retrieval (CBIR) is well-known in the field of image retrieval. It uses contents of an image from image 

processing and analysis to retrieve images that users were looking for from an image search. Shape based image retrieval was 

focused in this paper. A data mining was considered to find knowledge in the image database. Fourier descriptor is a most 

technique to extract contour feature of images. It was used to analyze the testing and training images in the preprocessing 

step. Fourier coefficients were quantized into multiple attributes and rough set theory was used to generate a rule-based 

system. Rough set theory is used as a data mining technique. It was compared to similarity measurement. We use 15, 984 

testing image data with 71, 928 training image data in this experiment. A total usage time of rough set method is 13, 286 

seconds. A total usage time of similarity measurement is 19, 365 seconds. A total usage memory of rough set method and 

similarity measurement are 2.8 Mbytes and 8.6 Mbytes respectively. An average precision, an average recall and an average 

accuracy of rough set method are 0.1297, 0.261 and 0.9971. An average precision, an average recall and an average accuracy 

of similarity measurement are 0.1619, 0.9651 and 0.9852. The rough set method is advantage to the usage time and the usage 

memory. © 2010 IEEE. 

No.1648 

Author (s) : Wasinpiyamongkol, L., Patramool, S., Luplertlop, N., Surasombatpattana, P., Doucoure, S., Mouchet, F., Séveno, M., Remoue, 

F., Demettre, E., Brizard, J.-P., Jouin, P., Biron, D.G., Thomas, F., Missé, D. 

Title : Blood-feeding and immunogenic Aedes aegypti saliva proteins 

Source : Proteomics, Volume 10, Issue 10, May 2010, Pages 1906-1916 


Keywords : Aedes; Animal proteomics; Blood meal; Dengue; Midgut; Salivary glands 

Abstract : Mosquito-transmitted pathogens pass through the insect's midgut (MG) and salivary gland (SG). What occurs in these organs in 

response to a blood meal is poorly understood, but identifying the physiological differences between sugar-fed and bloodfed 

(BF) mosquitoes could shed light on factors important in pathogens transmission. We compared differential protein 

expression in the MGs and SGs of female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes after a sugar- or blood-based diet. No difference was 

observed in the MG protein expression levels but certain SG proteins were highly expressed only in BF mosquitoes. In sugarfed 

mosquitoes, housekeeping proteins were highly expressed (especially those related to energy metabolism) and actin was 

up-regulated. The immunofluorescence assay shows that there is no disruption of the SG cytoskeletal after the blood meal. 

We have generated for the first time the 2-DE profiles of immunogenic Ae. aegypti SG BF-related proteins. These new data 

could contribute to the understanding of the physiological processes that appear during the blood meal. © 2010 Wiley-VCH 

Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. 

No.1649 

Author (s) : Watcharananan, S., Kiertiburanakul, S., Chantratita, W. 

Title : Rapid influenza diagnostic test during the outbreak of the novel influenza A/H1N1 2009 in Thailand: An Experience with Better 

Test Performance in Resource Limited Setting 

Source : Journal of Infection, Volume 60, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 86-87 


601


Keywords : adolescent, adult, aged, child, controlled study, diagnostic accuracy, diagnostic test, diagnostic value, epidemic, female, high 

risk population, human, infant, infection risk, influenza, Influenza virus A H1N1, intermethod comparison, letter, major clinical 

study, male, nose smear, outpatient care, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, sensitivity and 

specificity, Thailand, throat culture, virus detection, virus identification, virus transmission; 

Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Child, Child, Preschool, Diagnosis, Differential, Disease Outbreaks, Female, Humans, Infant, Influenza 

A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Influenza, Human, Male, Microbiological Techniques, Middle Aged, Sensitivity and 

Specificity, Thailand, Young Adult 


No.1650 

Author (s) : Watcharananan, S.P., Junchotikul, P., Srichanrusmi, C., Chanchompoo, P., Mavichak, V., Kantachuvessiri, S., Chantratita, W. 

Title : Adenovirus infection after kidney transplantation in Thailand: Seasonal distribution and potential route of acquisition 



Keywords : adenovirus infection, adult, clinical article, conference paper, hospital infection, human, kidney donor, kidney 

transplantation, living donor, medical record review, nose smear, priority journal, real time polymerase chain 

reaction, retrospective study, seasonal variation, symptom, Thailand, urinalysis, virus transmission 

Abstract : Background Data on the epidemiology and route of acquisition of adenovirus (ADV) infection after kidney transplantation are 

limited. From April 2007 to March 2010, there were 17 cases of ADV infection: namely, 2 from April to December 2007; 8 from 

January to December 2008; 4 from January to December 2009; and 3 from January to March 2010. Most cases occurred in 

October and November (n = 8; 47.1%), followed by February to April (n = 6; 35.3%) and July (n = 3; 17.6%). Methods From 

April 2007 to August 2009, the diagnosis of ADV infection was made based on patient symptoms. From September 2009 to 

March 2010, in addition to symptoms, the diagnosis was complemented by urine surveillance for ADV using real-time 

polymerase chain reaction (PCR) prospectively performed every 12 weeks among recipients of living-related kidney, starting at 

week 2 posttransplantation for a total of 812 weeks. Before transplantation, recipients and donors were screened for ADV in 

urine and also using nasal swab. Results Only 1 of the 24 patients displayed a positive ADV PCR in the urine surveillance 

study. A local investigation during a cluster of cases in October 2008 showed 2 patients who developed ADV after sharing a 

room in the transplant unit. Although nosocomial transmission was probable, the majority of cases were scattered over time 

rather than clustering in 1 time period. Conclusion These findings suggested that ADV infection cases occurred after 

exogenous exposure. In a resource-limited country, early diagnosis of ADV is justified for patients with compatible symptoms 

complemented by intense infection control to prevent nosocomial transmission from a confirmed case. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. 


No.1651 

Author (s) : Watcharananan, S.P., Kiertiburanakul, S., Piyatuctsanawong, W., Anurathapan, U., Sungkanuparph, S., Pakakasama, S., 

Chantratita, W., Hongeng, S. 

Title : Cytomegalovirus, adenovirus, and polyomavirus co-infection among pediatric recipients of allogeneic stem cell 

transplantation: Characteristics and outcome 

Source : Pediatric Transplantation, Volume 14, Issue 5, August 2010, Pages 675-681 


Keywords : allogeneic; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; pediatric; viral co-infection 

Abstract : ADV and PMV infection have increasingly been documented as significant complications following allo-HSCT. Despite 

increasing recognition, characteristics and outcome of CMV, ADV, and PMV viral co-infection remain obscured. In this study, a 

retrospective quantitative PCR analysis of ADV, PMV (BKV and JCV) was performed from pediatric patients' stored blood 

samples previously tested for CMV viremia after allo-HSCT. Clinical and virological characteristics and outcome among 

patients with and without viral co-infection were analyzed and compared. From 2001 to 2006, 219 blood samples from 69 

patients were studied. Viral DNA was present in 119 samples (52.9%).The proportion of viremia was highest for BKV (30.6%), 

followed by CMV (20.9%), ADV (9.1%), and JCV (0.5%). Viral co-infection occurred in 17 patients (24.6%), with CMV/BKV as the 

most common type (11.6%), followed by CMV/ADV (4.3%) and ADV/BKV (2.9%). From multivariate analysis, factors associated 

with viral co-infection were acute GVHD (OR 4.57; 95% CI 1.9-10.96, p = 0.001), level of blood CMV viral load (OR 1.53; 95% CI 

1.24-1.89, p < 0.001), and level of blood ADV viral load (OR 1.56; 95% CI 1.05-2.32, p = 0.027). Higher probability of developing 

viral disease was strongly associated with more types of virus detected in blood (p < 0.001). Significant difference in the 

602


causes of death was observed among patients with and without viral co-infection (p = 0.014). Infection (87.5%) was the major 

cause of death of patients with viral co-infection, whereas relapse of hematologic disease (70%) was the major cause of death 

of patients with mono-viral infection. Viral co-infection is a common and significant infectious complication in pediatric 

recipients of allo-HSCT. Blood monitoring of CMV, ADV, and BKV is suggested among pediatric patients who develop GvHD or 

who have rising of CMV or ADV viremia following allo-HSCT. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. 

No.1652 

Author (s) : Watcharananan, S.P., Suwatanapongched, T., Wacharawanichkul, P., Chantratitaya, W., Mavichak, V., Mossad, S.B. 

Title : Influenza AH1N1 2009 pneumonia in kidney transplant recipients: Characteristics and outcomes following high-dose 

oseltamivir exposure 

Source : Transplant Infectious Disease, Volume 12, Issue 2, April 2010, Pages 127-131 


Keywords : H1N1; Influenza A; Kidney transplant; Oseltamivir; Pneumonia 

Abstract : We report 2 cases of severe pneumonia due to the novel pandemic influenza AH1N1 2009 in kidney transplant recipients. 

Our patients initially experienced influenza-like illness that rapidly progressed to severe pneumonia within 48 h. The patients 

became hypoxic and required non-invasive ventilation. The novel influenza AH1N1 2009 was identified from their nasal 

swabs. These cases were treated successfully with a relatively high dose of oseltamivir, adjusted for their renal function. 

Clinical improvement was documented only after a week of antiviral therapy. Despite early antiviral treatment, we showed 

that morbidity following novel pandemic influenza AH1N1 2009 infection is high among kidney transplant recipients. © 2010 

John Wiley & Sons A/S. 

No.1653 

Author (s) : Watcharasamphankul, W.; Foongladda, S. 

Title : Multiprobes real-time PCR direct detection of MDR-TB related genes in pulmonary samples 






No.1654 

Author (s) : Watcharasit, P., Suntararuks, S., Visitnonthachai, D., Thiantanawat, A., Satayavivad, J. 

Title : Acrylonitrile induced apoptosis via oxidative stress in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell 

Source : Journal of Applied Toxicology, Volume 30, Issue 7, October 2010, Pages 649-655 


Keywords : Acrylonitrile; Apoptosis; Oxidative stress 

Abstract : Acrylonitrile (ACN) is a chemical that is widely used in the production of plastics, acrylic fibers, synthetic rubbers and resins. It 

has been reported that ACN can cause oxidative stress, a condition which is well recognized as an apoptotic initiator; 

however, information regarding ACN-induced apoptosis is limited. This present study investigated whether ACN induces 

apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, and whether its apoptotic induction involves oxidative stress. The results 

showed that ACN caused activation of caspase-3, a key enzyme involved in apoptosis, in a dose- and time-dependent 

manner. Detection of sub-G1 apoptotic cell death and apoptotic nuclear condensation revealed that ACN caused an increase 

in the number of apoptotic cells indicating ACN induces apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. ACN dose- and time-dependently 

increased the level of proapoptotic protein, Bax. Pretreatment with N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antioxidant, attenuated 

caspase-3 activation by ACN, as evidenced by a reduction in proteolysis of PARP, a known caspase-3 substrate, as well as in 

the number of sub-G1 apoptotic cells. Moreover, induction of Bax by ACN was abolished by NAC. Taken together, the results 

indicate that ACN induces apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells via a mechanism involving generation of oxidative stress-mediated Bax 

induction. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 

No.1655 

Author (s) : Watcharatanyatip, K., Boonmoh, S., Chaichoun, K., Songserm, T., Woratanti, M., Dharakul, T. 

Title : Multispecies detection of antibodies to influenza A viruses by a double-antigen sandwich ELISA 

603


Source : Journal of Virological Methods, Volume 163, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 238-243 


Keywords : Antibody detection; Double-antigen sandwich ELISA; Influenza virus; Nucleoprotein 

Abstract : A double-antigen sandwich ELISA was developed for the detection of antibodies to influenza A viruses. A recombinant 

nucleoprotein (rNP) of influenza A virus was used as a capture antigen and an HRP-conjugate for detecting the antibodies. A 

total of 125 serum samples from birds of different species including chickens, geese, open-billed storks, Khaki Campbell 

ducks, lesser whistling ducks, and pigeons with known antibodies were tested by ELISA. The sensitivity and the specificity of 

ELISA were found to be 98% and 97.3%, respectively. The assay was able to detect the presence of influenza A antibodies as 

early as the fourth day post-inoculation in ducks infected experimentally with influenza A (H5N1) virus. Excellent agreement 

(97.6%) was obtained between this sandwich ELISA and the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests (κ = 0.95). The doubleantigen 

sandwich ELISA correlated well with a commercial avian influenza (AI) multispecies ELISA and was slightly more 

sensitive than the AI multispecies ELISA. These findings indicate that the double-antigen sandwich ELISA based on rNP may 

offer an effective screening method for serodiagnosis of influenza A virus. The double-antigen sandwich ELISA also enables 

the detection of antibodies to influenza A viruses in different species without the need for species-specific secondary 

antibodies. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.1656 

Author (s) : Wattanakorn, N., Asavapichayont, P., Nunthanid, J., Limmatvapirat, S., Sungthongjeen, S., Chantasart, D., Sriamornsak, P. 

Title : Pectin-based bioadhesive delivery of carbenoxolone sodium for aphthous ulcers in oral cavity 

Source : AAPS PharmSciTech, Volume 11, Issue 2, June 2010, Pages 743-751 


Keywords : Aphthous ulcers; Bioadhesive drug delivery; Buccal; Carbenoxolone sodium; Pectin 

Abstract : The objective of this study was to prepare and evaluate the pectin-based dosage form for buccal adhesion. Carbenoxolone 

sodium, which is used for the treatment of aphthous ulcers in oral cavity, was used as a model drug. The pectin buccal discs 

were prepared by direct compression. The water uptake and erosion of pectin disc increased progressively with the swelling 

time. The bioadhesion of dried pectin discs decreased when either the discs were hydrated or the buccal tissue was wet with 

a small volume of medium. The influencing factors such as pectin type, pectin to lactose ratio, and sweetener type on the 

formulations were investigated. The results demonstrated that buccal discs prepared from pectin with a high degree of 

esterification (DE) showed a weaker and more friable characteristic than that with low DE. Decreasing pectin to lactose ratio 

resulted in the high dissolution rate with low bioadhesive properties. Addition of sweetener in the formulations also affected 

the hardness, friability, and bioadhesive properties of the discs. The pectin discs containing sweetening agent showed a higher 

drug release than those without sweetener. The results suggested that pectin-based bioadhesive discs could be used to 

deliver carbenoxolone sodium in oral cavity. © 2010 American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists. 

No.1657 

Author (s) : Wattanakrai, P., Rojhirunsakool, S., Pootongkam, S. 

Title : Split-face comparison of long-pulse-duration neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) 1,064-nm laser alone and 

combination long-pulse and Q-switched Nd:YAG 1,064-nm laser with carbon photoenhancer lotion for the treatment of 

enlarged pores in asian women 

Source : Dermatologic Surgery, Volume 36, Issue 11, November 2010, Pages 1672-1680 


Keywords : carbon, steroid, charcoal, photosensitizing agent; acne, adult, article, comparative 

study, erythema, female, human, hypopigmentation, lotion, neodymium laser, normal human, papular 

rash, photography, physician, priority journal, pruritus, treatment duration, urticaria, Asian, clinical trial, controlled clinical 

trial, controlled study, esthetic surgery, laser, low level laser therapy, middle aged, radiation exposure, randomized controlled 

trial, skin, solid state laser, topical drug administration; Administration, Topical, Adult, Asian Continental Ancestry 

Group, Charcoal, Cosmetic Techniques, Female, Humans, Laser Therapy, Low-Level, Lasers, Lasers, Solid-State, Middle 

Aged, Photosensitizing Agents, Skin 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: Long-pulse and Q-switched neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) 1,064-nm laser used for 

facial rejuvenation can improve pore size. Topical carbon has been used to enhance efficacy. OBJECTIVE: To compare the 

efficacy and safety of a 1,064-nm long-pulse Nd:YAG laser alone with that of a combination Q-switched Nd:YAG laser with 

topical carbon lotion followed by long-pulse Nd:YAG to improve enlarged pores. METHODS: Twenty Thai women randomly 

604


received five treatments with a long-pulse Nd:YAG laser on one facial half (LP side) and long-pulse Nd:YAG after carbonassisted 

Q-switched Nd:YAG laser on the contralateral side (carbon QS+LP side) at 2-week intervals. Participants were 

evaluated using digital photography, complexion analysis, and a chromometer. RESULTS: There was significant decrease in 

pore counts of 35.5% and 33% from baseline on the carbon QS+LP and LP sides, respectively. Physician-evaluated pore size 

improvement was 67% on the carbon QS+LP sides and 60% on the LP sides. Chromometer measurement showed an 

increase in skin lightness index. There was no significant difference between the two treatments, although there were more 

adverse effects on the carbon QS+LP side. CONCLUSION: Long-pulse Nd:YAG 1,064-nm laser improves the appearance of 

facial pores and skin color. Adding carbon-assisted Q-switched Nd:YAG did not enhance the results but produced more side 

effects. Laser Engineer Co. Ltd, Bangkok, Thailand loaned and supplied the laser machine and topical carbon used in this 

study. © 2010 by the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, Inc. 

No.1658 

Author (s) : Wattanakrai, P., Temnithikul, B., Pootongkam, S. 

Title : Pattern of corticosteroid allergy in Thailand 

Source : Dermatitis, Volume 21, Issue 4, August 2010, Pages 203-206 


Keywords : alclometasone dipropionate, betamethasone valerate, budesonide, clobetasol, hydrocortisone butyrate, tixocortol 

pivalate, triamcinolone acetonide; adult, allergic reaction, allergy, article, drug screening, human, major clinical study, patch 

test, prevalence, priority journal, skin allergy, Thailand; Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Adult, Budesonide, Dermatitis, Allergic 

Contact, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Middle Aged, Patch Tests, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, Thailand, Young Adult 

Abstract : Background: Corticosteroid allergy is a complication of topical therapy detected by patch-testing with corticosteroid allergens. 

Objective and Methods: Ten-year retrospective review to study the prevalence and patterns of corticosteroid allergy in Thai 

patients. Results: Of 882 patients who were patch-tested, 29 (3.29%) had allergic reactions to corticosteroids. Of these 29 

patients, 17 (58.62%) had positive reactions to one corticosteroid, and 12 (41.38%) reacted to multiple corticosteroids. Rates 

of reaction to corticosteroid groups ranged from 31.03 to 80.95%. Concomitant reactions between groups were noted. The 

prevalence of topical corticosteroid allergy (using two screening allergens, tixocortol pivalate and budesonide) was 2.27% (20 

of 882). Testing with additional steroid allergens in suspected cases increased the prevalence to 3.29%. Tixocortol pivalate 

detected 51.72% of corticosteroid- allergic cases, and budesonide detected 24.14%. Combining both tixocortol and 

budesonide detected 68.97% of cases. Conclusion: Corticosteroid allergy is found to multiple corticosteroids, and 

concomitant reactions occur across groups. Group D1 corticosteroid esters produced a higher positive reaction rate (61.9%) 

than groups D2 (52.38%) and A (51.72%). This may be due to different prescribing habits or the easy access to D1 

corticosteroids sold over the counter by pharmacies in Thailand. © 2010 American Contact Dermatitis Society. All Rights 

Reserved. 

No.1659 

Author (s) : Wattanakrai, P., Mornchan, R., Eimpunth, S. 

Title : Low-Fluence Q-Switched Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (1,064 nm) Laser for the Treatment of Facial Melasma 

in Asians 

Source : DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Volume: 36, Issue: 1, Pages: 76-87, DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2009.01383.x, Published: JAN 2010 


Keywords : ND-YAG LASER; INTENSE PULSED-LIGHT; REFRACTORY MELASMA; SELECTIVE PHOTOTHERMOLYSIS; ALEXANDRITE LASER; RUBY- 

LASER; SKIN COLOR; IN-VIVO; EXPRESSION; CO2-LASER 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: Pigment lasers have been used in melasma with unsatisfactory results. OBJECTIVE: To determine the 

effectiveness and safety of 1,064-nm Q-switched neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (QS-Nd:YAG) laser treatment of 

melasma in Asians. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Split-face randomized study comparing combination QS-Nd:YAG laser and 2% 

hydroquinone with topical treatment in dermal or mixed-type melasma. Twenty-two patients were treated with 1,064-nm QS- 

Nd:YAG laser, 6-mm spot size, 3.0- to 3.8-J/cm2 fluence for five sessions at 1-week intervals. Pigmentation was objectively 

recorded using a colorimeter (lightness index score), and subjective assessments were evaluated using the modified Melasma 

Area and Severity Index (mMASI) score. RESULTS: After five laser treatments, statistically significant improvement of melasma 

from baseline was observed in colorimeter (p


22 patients developed rebound hyperpigmentation, and all patients had recurrence of melasma. CONCLUSION: QS-Nd:YAG 

laser treatment for melasma in Asians produced only temporary improvement and had side effects. Common complications 

were hypopigmentation, melasma recurrence, and rebound hyperpigmentation. The authors have indicated no significant 

interest with commercial supporters. 

No.1660 

Author (s) : Wattanasiriwech, S., Wattanasiriwech, D., Svasti, J. 

Title : Production of amorphous silica nanoparticles from rice straw with microbial hydrolysis pretreatment 

Source : Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, Volume 356, Issue 25-27, 1 June 2010, Pages 1228-1232 


Keywords : Amorphous silica; Enzymatic hydrolysis; Microbial community; Rice straw; Trichoderma reesei 

Abstract : An enzymatic hydrolysis approach was used in order to develop a less aggressive process for production of amorphous silica 

from rice straw. In the process, rice straw was firstly hydrolyzed either with a microbial isolate (Trichoderma reesei TISTR 3080) 

or a microbial community (LDD1), followed by a heat treatment at 500 °C for 8 h. After hydrolysis, the rice straw was 

decomposed by T. reesei and by LDD1 to 59.6% and 45.2% of the initial weight, of which 12% and 23% ash content was 

respectively determined by thermogravimetric analysis. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analysis 

confirmed that the major constituent in the ash to be amorphous silica with a particle size ranges between 50 and 80 nm. 

The silica content in the T. reesei pretreated ash was 82.5%, whereas the content of the LDD1 pretreated ash was 73.6%. 

Relatively high levels of impurities such as manganese and phosphate, associated with microbial activity were detected in 

both pretreated ash samples. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

No.1661 

Author (s) : Watthanachaiyingcharoen, R., Komatsu, K., Zhu, S., Vajragupta, O., Leelamanit, W. 

Title : Authentication of Coscinium fenestratum among the other Menispermaceae plants prescribed in Thai folk medicines 

Source : Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, Volume 33, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 91-94 


Keywords : 18S ribosomal RNA gene; Arcangelisia flava; Coscinium fenestratum; Fibraurea tinctoria; Internal transcribed spacer 

gene; Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism 

Abstract : In Ayurveda and Thai traditional medicines, material from Coscinium fenestratum is commonly prescribed as active 

ingredients with diverse therapeutic purposes. However, C. fenestratum is also a seriously endangered medicinal liana. Thus, 

its crude material is very rare and is being substituted with substances from Arcangelisia flava or Fibraurea tinctoria 

(Menispermaceae), which have high morphological similarity. In this current study, nuclear 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene and 

nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene sequences with the polymerase chain reaction-restriction 

fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLPs) technique were exploited to identify these three species. The nuclear 18S rRNA 

gene sequences of C. fenestratum, A. flava, and F. tinctoria consisted of 1809, 1805, and 1809 base pairs (bps), respectively, 

while their ITS gene regions were 694, 622, and 631 bps in length, respectively. The 18S rRNA gene of C. fenestratum digested 

with SmaI restriction enzyme displayed the electrophoresis profile of 729 and 790 bps; for A. flava and F. tinctoria, the 

digested products showed fragments of 1519 bps. Although the ITS gene regions of A. flava and F. tinctoria had unrecognized 

sequences with SalI, the SalI-digested ITS of C. fenestratum exhibited fragments of approximately 599 bp. Thus, the 18S rRNA 

gene and ITS gene sequences with PCR-RFLPs were proven to be powerful molecular markers for identifying C. fenestratum 

and distinguishing it from the other two Menispermaceae plants. © 2010 Pharmaceutical Society of Japan. 

No.1662 

Author (s) : Watthanakulpanich, D., Waikagul, J., Maipanich, W., Nuamtanong, S., Sanguankiat, S., Pubampen, S., Praevanit, R., 

Mongkhonmu, S., Nawa, Y. 

Title : Haplorchis taichui as a possible etiologic agent of irritable bowel syndrome-like symptoms 

Source : Korean Journal of Parasitology, Volume 48, Issue 3, September 2010, Pages 225-229 


Keywords : Clinical feature; Haplorchis taichui; Irritable bowel syndrome-like symptom 

Abstract : The aim of this study is to clarify the clinical features of Haplorchis taichui infection in humans in Nan Province, Thailand, and 

to correlate the clinical features with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like symptoms. In this study area, only H. taichui, but 

neither other minute intestinal flukes nor small liver flukes were endemic. The degree of infection was determined by fecal 

606


egg counts and also by collecting adult worms after deworming. The signs and symptoms of individual patients together with 

their hematological and biochemical laboratory data were gathered to evaluate the relationship between the clinical features 

and the severity of infection. Special emphasis was made to elucidate the possible similarities of the clinical features of H. 

taichui infection and IBS-like symptoms. The results showed useful clinical information and the significant (> 50%) proportion 

of haplorchiasis patients complained of abdominal pain, lassitude, and flatulence, which were the important diagnostic 

symptoms of IBS. This study has reported a possible link between H. taichui and IBS, and H. taichui might probably play a role 

in the etiology of these IBS-like symptoms. 

No.1663 

Author (s) : Watthanawisuth, N., Tongrod, N., Kerdcharoen, T., Tuantranont, A. 

Title : Real-time monitoring of GPS-tracking tractor based on ZigBee multi-hop mesh network 




Keywords : Mesh topologies, Multi-hop mesh networks, Precision Agriculture, Real time, Real time monitoring, Tracking 

system, Transmission of data, Zig-Bee; Information technology, Routers, Tractors (agricultural), Tractors (truck); Global 

positioning system 

Abstract : This research is a part of smart farm system in the framework of precision agriculture. The system was installed and tested 

over a year. The tractor tracking system employs the Global Positioning System (GPS) and ZigBee wireless network based on 

mesh topology to make the system communicate covering a large area. Router nodes are used for re-transmission of data in 

the network. A software was developed for acquiring data from tractor, storing data and displaying in real time on a web site. 

No.1664 

Author (s) : Weerachayaphorn, J., Chuncharunee, A., Jariyawat, S., Lewchalermwong, B., Amonpatumrat, S., Suksamrarn, A., Piyachaturawat, 

P. 

Title : Protection of centrilobular necrosis by Curcuma comosa Roxb. in carbon tetrachloride-induced mice liver injury 

Source : Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Volume 129, Issue 2, May 2010, Pages 254-260 


Keywords : Carbon tetrachloride; Curcuma comosa; Glutathione-S-transferase; Hepatic detoxifying system; Hepatoprotection 

Abstract : Aim of the study: To investigate the protective effect and possible mechanism of Curcuma comosa hexane extract on CCl4induced 

liver injury in adult male mice. Materials and methods: Hepatotoxicity was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of 

CCl4 and was evaluated after 24h from the elevations of plasma alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) 

activities, and histological analysis of liver injuries. Hexane extract of Curcuma comosa was given at different time points from 

1 to 72h, prior to CCl4 administration and the protection from liver injury was assessed. Results: CCl4-induced damage to liver 

cells was resulted in elevations of plasma ALT and AST activities. Pretreatment with Curcuma comosa hexane extract 24h at a 

dose of 100, 250, and 500mg/kgBW resulted in a dose-dependent prevention of the increases in plasma ALT and AST 

activities as well as time dependent. The protective effect of the extract at a dose of 500mg/kgBW was seen at 12-24h. 

Pretreatment of the extract completely prevented elevation of plasma ALT and AST activities, and centrilobular necrosis. The 

protective effect of Curcuma comosa was associated with restoration of hepatic glutathione content, and CYP2E1 catalytic 

activity, and its mRNA and protein levels as well as increase in activity of glutathione-S-transferase (GST). Conclusion: Curcuma 

comosa has a potent protective property against CCl4-induced hepatic injuries via the activation of detoxifying mechanisms 

(GST) as well as reduction of the bioactive toxic metabolites. Therefore, Curcuma comosa may be beneficial for prevention of 

hepatotoxicity. © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. 

No.1665 

Author (s) : Werarak, P., Kiratisin, P., Thamlikitkul, V. 

Title : Hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults at Siriraj Hospital: etiology, clinical outcomes, 

and impact of antimicrobial resistance. 



Keywords : antiinfective agent; aged, article, cross infection, drug effect, female, Gram negative bacterium, Gram positive 

bacterium, human, isolation and purification, length of stay, male, microbiology, middle aged, mortality, multidrug 

607


resistance, pneumonia, prevalence, prospective study, risk factor, Thailand, treatment outcome, ventilator, ventilator 

associated pneumonia; Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Cross Infection, Drug Resistance, Multiple, 

Bacterial, Female, Gram-Negative Bacteria, Gram-Positive Bacteria, Humans, Length of Stay, Male, Middle 

Aged, Pneumonia, Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Thailand, Treatment 

Outcome, Ventilators, Mechanical 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: Nosocomial pneumonia (NP), hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), is 

an important cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. One of the factors contributing to a high mortality rate 

of HAP and VAP could be antibiotic resistance among the causative agents. OBJECTIVE: To determine prevalence of bacterial 

pathogens clinical features, risk factors of HAP and VAP, antimicrobial resistance among major respiratory pathogens, clinical 

implication of antimicrobial resistance, antimicrobial regimens used, and treatment outcomes of adult patients with HAP and 

VAP at Siriraj Hospital. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This was a prospective, hospital-based, active surveillance study on HAP and 

VAP in hospitalized adults at Siriraj Hospital from December 2007 to March 2009. The patients with HAP and VAP were 

followed prospectively until they expired or were discharged from the hospital. RESULTS: One hundred and forty-six adult 

patients were included. Seventy percent of the patients were males with the mean age of 70.8 years. HAP was accounted for 

24.7% and VAP 75.3%. Most of the patients (82.9%) had late-onset HAP or VAP with the median day of onset of pneumonia 

of 11 days. Two third of the patients were hospitalized in general medical wards. Bronchopneumonia was observed in 53.4% 

and multilobar pneumonia in 24.7%. A. baumanni was the most common isolated pathogen and 92.3% of them were 

multidrug-resistant (MDR) or pandrug-resistant (PDR). The other common isolated pathogens were K. pneumoniae, P. 

aeruginosa and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Carbapenem was the most commonly used initial antibiotic (45.9%) 

followed by colistin (21.9%) and cephalosporins (21.1%). The concordance of initial antibiotics was 58.9%. Antibiotics were 

modified 43.8% of the patients. Colistin was the most commonly used modified antibiotic followed by carbapenem. The 

modified antibiotics were concordant with isolated bacteria in 98.4%. The patients received mechanical ventilators in 81.5% 

with the median ventilator day of 10 days. At the initial response (72 hours after antibiotic therapy), an improvement was 

56.8% and a mortality rate due to pneumonia was 14.4%. Death due to pneumonia at the end of treatment was 42.5%. The 

30-day mortality from pneumonia was 45.9%. There were no significant differences in the outcomes of pneumonia between 

HAP and VAP. The factors associated with PDR-organisms were late-onset hospital-acquired pneumonia and previous 

carbapenem usage within 72 hours. Septic shock and bilateral lung involvement were significantly associated with 

unfavorable outcomes at 72 hours. Septic shock, severe sepsis, and previous carbapenem usage within 72 hours were 

significantly associated with mortality at the end of treatment and at 30 days after developing pneumonia. CONCLUSION: HAP 

and VAP remain to be very important hospital-acquired infections at Siriraj Hospital. The isolated pathogens are usually 

multidrug-resistant and the mortality rate remains high. The local data on prevalence of the isolated pathogens and their 

antibiotic susceptibility may help clinicians choose more appropriate initial antibiotics in order to improve the outcome and 

to decrease the emergence of resistant organisms. 

No.1666 

Author (s) : Werayingyong, P.; Phanuphak, N.; Chokephaibulkit, K.; Kullert, N.; Tosanguan, K.; Butchon, R.; Voramongkol, N.; Boonsuk, S.; 

Teerawattananon, Y. 

Title : ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF THREE-DRUG ANTIRETROVIRAL REGIMENS FOR THE PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD 

TRANSMISSION OF HIV IN THAILAND 





No.1667 

Author (s) : Wertheim, H.F.L., Puthavathana, P., Nghiem, N.M., Rogier van Doorn, H., Nguyen, T.V., Pham, H.V., Subekti, D., Harun, S., Malik, 

S., Robinson, J., Rahman, M., Taylor, W., Lindegardh, N., Wignall, S., Farrar, J.J., de Jong, M.D. 

Title : Laboratory capacity building in Asia for infectious disease research: Experiences from the South East Asia Infectious Disease 

Clinical Research Network (SEAICRN) 

Source : PLoS Medicine, Volume 7, Issue 4, April 2010 


608


Keywords : GCLP, good clinical laboratory practice; MDL, molecular diagnostic laboratory; pH1N1, influenza A (H1N1); RT-PCR, reverse 

transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; SEAICRN, South East Asia Infectious Disease Clinical Research Network; SOP, 

standard operating procedure 

Abstract : Enhancing laboratory capacity is essential for generating reliable and accurate data from clinical research, especially in 

resource-constrained settings. Local well-trained laboratory experts and scientists are important to research, and must 

participate actively in scientific activities and continuing education programs. Improving laboratory capacity is more than 

supplying new equipment and reagents; it also includes a long-term commitment to staff training, quality control, and 

biosafety. Improved laboratory capacity optimizes responses to an epidemic or an outbreak of a novel virulent pathogens, 

and can support international agendas to reduce the impact of pandemic influenza viruses. © 2010 Wertheim et al. 

No.1668 

Author (s) : West, T.E., Myers, N.D., Limmathurotsakul, D., Liggitt, H.D., Chantratita, N., Peacock, S.J., Skerrett, S.J. 

Title : Pathogenicity of high-dose enteral inoculation of Burkholderia pseudomallei to mice 

Source : American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 83, Issue 5, November 2010, Pages 1066-1069 


Keywords : immunoglobulin G; animal experiment, animal model, animal tissue, antibody detection, article, bacterial infection, 

Burkholderia pseudomallei, chronic disease, clinical assessment, clinical feature, feces, feces analysis, female, 

immunoglobulin blood level, ingestion, inoculation, melioidosis, mouse, nonhuman, pathogenicity, saprotroph, adaptive 

immunity, animal, Bagg albino mouse, brain, C57BL mouse, enteritis, germfree animal, liver, lung, lymph node, mesentery, 

microbiology, pathology, spleen; Adaptive Immunity, Animals, Brain, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Enteritis, Feces, Female, 

Immunoglobulin G, Liver, Lung, Lymph Nodes, Melioidosis, Mesentery, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Specific 

Pathogen-Free Organisms, Spleen 

Abstract : Melioidosis is a frequently lethal tropical infection caused by the environmental saprophyte Burkholderia pseudomallei. 

Although transcutaneous inoculation and inhalation are considered the primary routes of infection, suggestive clinical 

evidence implicates ingestion as a possible alternative route. We show that in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, direct gastric 

inoculation of high doses of B. pseudomallei causes systemic infection that may be lethal or cause chronic disseminated 

infection. Mice may shed bacteria in the stool for weeks after infection, and high titers of B. pseudomallei-specific IgG are 

detectable. This report of enteric murine melioidosis supports further consideration of this route of infection. Copyright © 

2010 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 

No.1669 

Author (s) : Wetchateng, T., Friedman, C.S., Wight, N.A., Lee, P.-Y., Teng, P.H., Sriurairattana, S., Wongprasert, K., Withyachumnarnkul, B. 

Title : Withering syndrome in the abalone Haliotis diversicolor supertexta 

Source : Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, Volume 90, Issue 1, 18 May 2010, Pages 69-76 


Keywords : 'Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis'; 16S rDNA; Abalone; California; Haliotis diversicolor; People's Republic of 

China; Taiwan; Thailand; Withering syndrome 

Abstract : Abalone aquaculture is a small but growing industry in Thailand and is based on both the exotic Haliotis diversicolor 

supertexta and the native H. asinina. Withering syndrome (WS) in abalone is caused by an infection with the Rickettsia-like 

organism (RLO) 'Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis' and has been spread to many countries globally. The present study 

reports the first observation of the WS-RLO agent in the small abalone, H. diversicolor supertexta in Thailand, Taiwan (ROC) 

and the People's Republic of China (PRC). Under light microscopy, the RLO was observed as intracytoplasmic inclusions within 

epithelial cells lining the post-esophagus and, to a minor extent, the intestine of H. diversicolor. Under transmission electron 

microscopy, inclusions were characterized as colonies of rod-shaped bacteria, 200 × 1800 nm in size, within a vesicle in the 

cytoplasm of the infected cell. The RLO from the small abalone bound with WS-RLO-specific in situ hybridization probes and 

was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), using primers designed from the 16S rDNA sequence of the original WS- 

RLO from California, USA. The PCR product of RLO samples from both the PRC and Thailand showed extremely high identity 

with the California WS-RLO (100 and 99%, respectively). These data combined with the history of abalone movements for 

aquaculture purposes indicate that RLOs observed in Thailand, Taiwan and the PRC are the WS-RLO that originated from 

California. © Inter-Research 2010. 

609


No.1670 

Author (s) : Wetwatana, U., Kim-Lohsoontorn, P., Assabumrungrat, S., Laosiripojana, N. 

Title : Catalytic steam and autothermal reforming of used lubricating oil (ULO) over Rh- and Ni-based catalysts 

Source : Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, Volume 49, Issue 21, 3 November 2010, Pages 10981-10985 


Keywords : Autothermal reforming, Carbon deposition, Ni-based catalyst, Rh-based catalyst, Steam reforming, Steam-reforming conditions; 

Cerium, Cerium compounds, Hydrocarbons, Lubricating oils, Lubrication, Rhodium, Steam, Steam engineering, Zirconium 

alloys; Catalysts 

Abstract : The steam reforming of used lubricating oil (ULO) over Ni- and Rh-based catalysts supported by Ce-ZrO2 and Al2O3 is studied 

in the present work. Among all catalysts, Rh/Ce-ZrO2 (5 wt % Rh) provides relatively higher reforming reactivity (in terms of 

ULO conversion and H2 yield) with excellent resistance toward carbon deposition compared to the other three catalysts. At 

850 °C after exposure in the steam reforming condition for 72 h, H2 yield of 78.1% can be achieved from the reaction over 

Rh/Ce-ZrO2. For Ni/Ce-ZrO2 and Ni/Al2O3, significant deactivations with time are detected and H2 yields of 55.3-58.7% are 

achieved after exposure for 72 h; in addition, considerable amounts of C2H4, C 2H6 and C3H6 are also found in the product 

along with H2, CO, CO2, and CH4. The effect of O2 addition was further studied over Ni/Ce-ZrO2 and Ni/Al2O3. It was found 

that this addition significantly reduces the degree of carbon deposition as well as promoting the conversion of hydrocarbons 

to CO and H2. At a suitable amount of O2, a high H2 yield comparable to that of steam reforming over Rh-based catalysts 

can be achieved. Nevertheless, it must be noted that introducing too high an O2 content resulted in lower H2 production 

due to the combustion of H2 and ULO by O2 addition. © 2010 American Chemical Society. 

No.1671 

Author (s) : Whangsuk, W., Dubbs, J.M., Sallabhan, R., Somsongkul, K., Mongkolsuk, S., Loprasert, S. 

Title : ChpR is a chlorpyrifos-responsive transcription regulator in Sinorhizobium meliloti 

Source : Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Volume 18, Issue 3, June 2010, Pages 141-147 


Keywords : Biosensor; Insecticide responsive promoter; Pesticide; Transcription activator 

Abstract : The broad-spectrum organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos (CPF)-inducible locus, chpAB, was identified on the 

endogenous plasmid pSymB in Sinorhizobium meliloti. The S. meliloti chpA promoter was highly induced by CPF and was 

induced at much lower levels by diazinon and ethion. Transcription of chpA was dependent on chpR, a CadC family 

transcriptional regulator located upstream of, and divergently transcribed from, chpAB. ChpR was able to mediate the CPFinducible 

expression of the S. melilotichpA promoter in Escherichia coli through direct interaction with the chpAB promoter. 

The chpR-chpA intergenic regions of several bacterial chpRAB operons were aligned and a putative ChpR-binding sequence 

was proposed. Both the ChpR transcription factor and chpA promoter constitute a good candidate system for genetic-based 

biosensor development. © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel. 

No.1672 

Author (s) : White, L.J., Schukken, Y.H., Dogan, B., Green, L., Döpfer, D., Chappell, M.J., Medley, G.F. 

Title : Modelling the dynamics of intramammary E. coli infections in dairy cows: understanding mechanisms that distinguish transient 

from persistent infections. 

Source : Veterinary research, Volume 41, Issue 2, January 2010 


Keywords : Escherichia coli; Mastitis; Mathematical model; Persistent infection 

Abstract : The majority of intramammary infections with Escherichia coli in dairy cows result in transient infections with duration of 

about 10 days or less, although more persistent infections (2 months or longer) have been identified. We apply a 

mathematical model to explore the role of an intracellular mammary epithelial cell reservoir in the dynamics of infection. 

We included biological knowledge of the bovine immune response and known characteristics of the bacterial population in 

both transient and persistent infections. The results indicate that varying the survival duration of the intracellular reservoir 

reproduces the data for both transient and persistent infections. Survival in an intracellular reservoir is the most likely 

mechanism that ensures persistence of E. coli infections in mammary glands. Knowledge of the pathogenesis of persistent 

infections is essential to develop preventive and treatment programmes for these important infections in dairy cows. © 2010 

INRA, EDP Sciences. 

610


No.1673 

Author (s) : White, N.J. 

Title : Artemisinin resistance - The clock is ticking 

Source : The Lancet, Volume 376, Issue 9758, 18 December 2010, Pages 2051-2052 


Keywords : artemisinin, chloroquine, pyrimethamine plus sulfadoxine; Cambodia, epidemiological data, human, international 

cooperation, malaria control, malaria falciparum, medical decision making, medical ethics, note, priority journal, world health 

organization; Africa, Anti-Infective Agents, Artemisinins, Asia, Southeastern, Cambodia, Drug Resistance, Humans, India, Malaria, 

Falciparum, Plasmodium falciparum, Travel, World Health 


No.1674 

Author (s) : White, N.J., Turner, G.D.H., Medana, I.M., Dondorp, A.M., Day, N.P.J. 

Title : The murine cerebral malaria phenomenon 

Source : Trends in Parasitology, Volume 26, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 11-15 


Keywords : acetylcysteine, acetylsalicylic acid, activated carbon, albumin, arginine, celecoxib, deferoxamine, dexamethasone, 

erythropoietin, human albumin, indometacin, levamisole, mannitol, pentoxifylline, simvastatin, tumor necrosis factor 

antibody; article, brain malaria, clinical trial, disease model, drug effect, drug efficacy, drug response, enteric feeding, 

histopathology, human, inflammation, mouse, nonhuman, pathophysiology, Plasmodium berghei, Plasmodium berghei 

infection; Animals, Humans, Malaria, Cerebral, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Inbred CBA, Plasmodium berghei; Murinae, Mus 

Abstract : P.berghei ANKA infection in CBA or CB57BL/6 mice is used widely as a murine 'model' of human cerebral malaria (HCM), 

despite markedly different histopathological features. The pathology of the murine model is characterised by marked 

inflammation with little or no intracerebral sequestration of parasitised erythrocytes, whereas HCM is associated with intense 

intracerebral sequestration, often with little inflammatory response. There are now more than ten times as many studies 

each year of the murine model than on HCM. Of 48 adjunctive interventions evaluated in the murine model, 44 (92%) were 

successful, compared with only 1 (6%) of 17 evaluated in HCM during the same period. The value of the mouse model in 

identifying pathological processes or therapeutic interventions in human cerebral malaria is questionable. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. 


No.1675 

Author (s) : Wiboonchutikul, S., Sungkanuparph, S., Sukasem, C., Wathipthun, C., Chantratita, W. 

Title : Comparison of protease inhibitor (PI) resistance-associated mutations between PI-naïve and PI-experienced HIV-1 infected 

patients in Thailand where subtype A/E is predominant 

Source : Current HIV Research, Volume 8, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 456-460 


Keywords : CRF 01_AE; HIV; Mutations; Protease inhibitor; Resistance; Subtype A/E 

Abstract : Protease inhibitor (PI) resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) are commonly observed in PI-naïve patients who are infected 

with HIV-1 subtype A/E. Few data are available on the genetic mechanisms of PI resistance in non-B HIV-1. This study was 

aimed to compare PI-RAMs between PI-naïve and -experienced patients and determine PI resistance in each group. Genotypic 

resistance testing was conducted among a cohort of HIV-1-infected patients who were diagnosed with virologic failure. We 

studied 137 patients of whom 75 patients were in PI-naïve group and 62 patients in PI-experienced group. Median CD4 cell 

count and HIV-1 RNA at virologic failure were 169 cells/mm3 and 14,100 copies/mL, respectively. The clinical characteristics 

between 2 groups were similar (p>0.05) except for the duration of antiretroviral therapy (ART) which was shorter in PI-naïve 

group (31.5 vs 46.8 months, p=0.028). Proportion of patients with primary PI-RAMs was 2.7% in PI-naïve and 19% in PIexperienced 

groups (p=0.002). The most common primary PI-RAMs in the latter group were V82A (10%), I54V (7%) and G48V 

(4.8%). Proportion of patients with secondary PI-RAMs in the corresponding groups was 99% and 98%, respectively (p=1.000). 

The most common secondary PI-RAMs in both groups were M36I (91%), H69K (34%) and L89M (30%). In conclusion, primary 

PI-RAMs are observed exclusively among PI-experienced patients, whereas secondary PI-RAMs are equally found in both PInaïve 

and PI-experienced patients. Further studies to define virologic response of HIV-1 subtype A/E to various PIs and clinical 

validation of PI-RAMs in HIV-1 subtype A/E are essentially needed. © 2010 Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. 

611


No.1676 

Author (s) : Wiersinga, W.J., Calandra, T., Kager, L.M., Van Der Windt, G.J.W., Roger, T., Le Roy, D., Florquin, S., Peacock, S.J., Sweep, F.C.G.J., 

Van Der Poll, T. 

Title : Expression and function of macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) in melioidosis 

Source : PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Volume 4, Issue 2, February 2010, Article number e605 


Keywords : macrophage migration inhibition factor, recombinant protein, isomerase, Mif protein, mouse; animal experiment, animal 

model, article, Burkholderia pseudomallei, clinical article, controlled 

study, human, leukocyte, male, melioidosis, mortality, mouse, nonhuman, pneumonia, protein blood level, protein 

expression, protein function, animal, bacterial count, biosynthesis, C57BL 

mouse, chemistry, immunology, lung, microbiology, plasma, Southeast Asia; Animals, Asia, Southeastern, Burkholderia 

pseudomallei, Colony Count, Microbial, Humans, Intramolecular Oxidoreductases, Leukocytes, Lung, Macrophage Migration- 

Inhibitory Factors, Male, Melioidosis, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Plasma 

Abstract : Background: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has emerged as a pivotal mediator of innate immunity and has been 

shown to be an important effector molecule in severe sepsis. Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, is an 

important cause of community-acquired sepsis in Southeast-Asia. We aimed to characterize the expression and function of 

MIF in melioidosis. Methodology and Principal Findings: MIF expression was determined in leukocytes and plasma from 34 

melioidosis patients and 32 controls, and in mice infected with B. pseudomallei. MIF function was investigated in 

experimental murine melioidosis using anti-MIF antibodies and recombinant MIF. Patients demonstrated markedly increased 

MIF mRNA leukocyte and MIF plasma concentrations. Elevated MIF concentrations were associated with mortality. Mice 

inoculated intranasally with B. pseudomallei displayed a robust increase in pulmonary and systemic MIF expression. Anti-MIF 

treated mice showed lower bacterial loads in their lungs upon infection with a low inoculum. Conversely, mice treated with 

recombinant MIF displayed a modestly impaired clearance of B. pseudomallei. MIF exerted no direct effects on bacterial 

outgrowth or phagocytosis of B. pseudomallei. Conclusions: MIF concentrations are markedly elevated during clinical 

melioidosis and correlate with patients' outcomes. In experimental melioidosis MIF impaired antibacterial defense. © 2010 

Wiersinga et al. 

No.1677 

Author (s) : Wiersinga, W.J., Kager, L.M., Hovius, J.W.R., Van Der Windt, G.J.W., De Vos, A.F., Meijers, J.C.M., Roelofs, J.J., Dondorp, A., Levi, 

M., Day, N.P., Peacock, S.J., Van Der Poll, T. 

Title : Urokinase receptor is necessary for bacterial defense against pneumonia-derived septic melioidosis by facilitating phagocytosis 

Source : Journal of Immunology, Volume 184, Issue 6, 15 March 2010, Pages 3079-3086 


Keywords : messenger RNA, urokinase receptor; adult, aged, animal cell, animal model, antigen expression, antigen 

function, article, bacterial growth, bacterial immunity, Burkholderia pseudomallei, cell migration, clinical article, controlled 

study, granulocyte, hepatitis, human, human cell, in vitro 

study, melioidosis, monocyte, mouse, neutrophil, nonhuman, phagocytosis, pneumonia, priority journal, wild 

type, adolescent, animal, bacteremia, bacterial pneumonia, biosynthesis, C57BL mouse, cell culture, disease 

model, genetics, immunology, microbiology, middle aged, migration inhibition, mouse mutant, neutrophil 

chemotaxis, pathology, physiology; Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Animals, Bacteremia, Burkholderia 

pseudomallei, Cell Migration Inhibition, Cells, Cultured, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Melioidosis, Mice, Mice, Inbred 

C57BL, Mice, Knockout, Middle Aged, Neutrophil Infiltration, Neutrophils, Phagocytosis, Pneumonia, Bacterial, Receptors, 

Urokinase Plasminogen Activator 

Abstract : Urokinase receptor (urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor [uPAR], CD87), a GPI-anchored protein, is considered to 

play an important role in inflammation and fibrinolysis. The Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei is able to 

survive and replicate within leukocytes and causes melioidosis, an important cause of pneumonia-derived communityacquired 

sepsis in Southeast Asia. In this study, we investigated the expression and function of uPAR both in patients with 

septic melioidosis and in a murine model of experimental melioidosis. uPAR mRNA and surface expression was increased in 

patients with septic melioidosis in/on both peripheral blood monocytes and granulocytes as well as in the pulmonary 

compartment during experimental pneumonia-derived melioidosis in mice. uPAR-deficient mice intranasally infected with B. 

pseudomallei showed an enhanced growth and dissemination of B. pseudomallei when compared with wild-type mice, 

corresponding with increased pulmonary and hepatic inflammation. uPAR knockout mice demonstrated significantly reduced 

612


neutrophil migration toward the pulmonary compartment after inoculation with B. pseudomallei. Further in vitro experiments 

showed that uPAR-deficient macrophages and granulocytes display a markedly impaired phagocytosis of B. pseudomallei. 

Additional studies showed that uPAR deficiency did not influence hemostatic and fibrinolytic responses during severe 

melioidosis. These data suggest that uPAR is crucially involved in the host defense against sepsis caused by B. pseudomallei 

by facilitating the migration of neutrophils toward the primary site of infection and subsequently facilitating the phagocytosis 

of B. pseudomallei. Copyright © 2010 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. 

No.1678 

Author (s) : Wilairatana, P., Krudsood, S., Tangpukdee, N. 

Title : Appropriate time for primaquine treatment to reduce Plasmodium falciparum transmission in hypoendemic areas 

Source : Korean Journal of Parasitology, Volume 48, Issue 2, June 2010, Pages 179-182 


Keywords : Artemisinin-combination therapy; Malaria transmission blocking; Plasmodium falciparum; Primaquine 

Abstract : Artemesinin-combination therapies (ACT) for falciparum malaria reduce gametocyte carriage, and therefore reduce 

transmission. Artemisinin derivatives will act against only young gametocytes whereas primaquine acts on mature 

gametocytes which are present usually in the circulation at the time when the patient presents for treatment. Both 

artemisinin derivatives and primaquine have short half-lives, less than 1 hr and 7 hr, respectively. Therefore, asexual parasites 

or young gametocytes remain after completed ACT. A single dose of primaquine (0.50-0.75 mg base/kg) at the end of ACT can 

kill only mature gametocytes but cannot kill young gametocytes (if present). Remaining asexual forms after completion of 

ACT course, e.g., artesunate-mefloquine for 3 days, may develop to mature gametocytes 7-15 days later. Thus, an additional 

dose of primaquine (0.50-0.75 mg base/kg) given 2 weeks after ACT completion may be beneficial for killing remaining mature 

gametocytes and contribute to more interruption of Plasmodium falciparum transmission than giving only 1 single dose of 

primaquine just after completing ACT. 

No.1679 


Title : Management of Plasmodium knowlesi malaria without PCR confirmation 



Keywords : Management; PCR; Plasmodium knoivlesi 

Abstract : Plasmodium knoivlesi morphologically resembles P. malariae; PCR assays are able to differentiate between the 2 species 

correctly. However, PCR is not available in many hospitals in P. knoivlesi endemic areas, particularly in Southeast Asia. In 

places where PCR is not available, anti-malarial drugs for P. malariae or other non-P. falciparum or P. falciparum species are 

effective against P. knoivlesi. Even with a wrong diagnosis of another malaria species by light microscopy instead of P. 

knoivlesi, the antimalarial drugs given are still effective for treating P. knoivlesi infection. 

No.1680 


Title : Vitamin K injection in spontaneous bleeding and coagulopathy in severe malaria: Pros and cons 



Keywords : Coagulopathy; Severe malaria; Spontaneous bleeding; Vitamin K 

Abstract : Not all clinicians give vitamin K to severe malaria patients with systemic bleeding. Vitamin K injections may not be useful to 

stop bleeding in severe malaria patients with predominant hepatocellular jaundice. However, vitamin K may be justified in 

bleeding patients who have prolonged fasting of more than 3-7 days, underlying malnutrition, or predominant cholestatic 

jaundice. The decision to give vitamin K to severe malaria patients with systemic bleeding should be based on underlying 

diseases, type of jaundice, risk for vitamin K deficiency, and allergy to the drug. 

No.1681 

Author (s) : Wilairatana, P., Tangpukdee, N., Jittaseree, L. 

Title : Cruveilhier-baumgarten syndrome in a cirrhotic patient taking alcohol with boesenbergia pundurata 


613



Keywords : Alcohol; Boesenbergia pundurata; Cirrhosis; Cruveilhier-baumgarten syndrome 

Abstract : Cruveilhier-Baumgarten syndrome (CBS) is a rare complication of cirrhosis. We reported a case of CBS who came to hospital 

with progressive ascites, jaundice, fever and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The cause of cirrhosis and hepatitis might be due 

to alcohol and possibly local Thai herb [Boesenbergia pundurata (Roxb.) Schitr or Krachaidum]. 

No.1682 

Author (s) : Wilairatana, P., Tangpukdee, N., Kano, S., Krudsood, S. 

Title : Primaquine administration after falciparum malaria treatment in malaria hypoendemic areas with high incidence of falciparum 

and vivax mixed infection: Pros and cons 

Source : Korean Journal of Parasitology, Volume 48, Issue 2, June 2010, Pages 175-177 


Keywords : Mixed infection; Plasmodium falciparum; Plasmodium vivax; Primaquine 

Abstract : Mixed infections of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax is high (~30%) in some malaria hypoendemic areas where 

the patients present with P. falciparum malaria diagnosed by microscopy. Conventional treatment of P. falciparum with 

concurrent chloroquine and 14 days of primaquine for all falciparum malaria patients may be useful in areas where mixed 

falciparum and vivax infections are high and common and also with mild or moderate G6PD deficiency in the population 

even with or without subpatent vivax mixed infection. It will be possibly cost-effective to reduce subsequent vivax illness if 

the patients have mixed vivax infection. Further study to prove this hypothesis may be warranted. 

No.1683 

Author (s) : Wilairatana, P., Tangpukdee, N., Krudsood, S. 

Title : Long term primaquine administration to reduce plasmodium falciparum gametocyte transmission in hypoendemic areas 



Keywords : Artemesinin-combination therapies; Malaria transmission blocking; Plasmodium falciparum; Primaquine 

Abstract : Artemesinin-combination therapies (ACTs) for falciparum malaria reduce gametocyte carriage, and therefore reduce 

transmission. Artemisinin derivatives act only against young gametocytes, but primaquine acts against mature gametocytes 

(which are usually present in the circulation at the time the patient presents for treatment). Both artemisnin derivatives and 

primaquine have short half-lives (less than 1 hour and 8 hours, respectively). Therefore, asexual parasites and young 

gametocytes may remain after completing ACT. Single dose of primaquine (0.5-0.75 mg base/kg) at the end of ACT can kill 

only mature gametocytes (if present) but cannot kill young gametocytes (if present). Remaining asexual forms and 

sequestered young gametocytes remaining after completion of ACT may develop into mature gametocytes 7-15 days later. 

Some patients have the first appearance of gametocytemia 4-8/day after completion of ACT. Thus, additional doses of 

primaquine (0.5-0.75 mg base/kg) given 15-18 days after or concurrently with 3 day-ACT respectively or given 15-22 days after 

or concurrently with 7 day- ACT respectively may be beneficial in killing the remaining mature gametocytes and thus 

contribute to interruption of P. falciparum gametocyte transmission more affectively than giving only a single dose of 

primaquine just after completing ACT. 

No.1684 

Author (s) : Wilasrusmee, C., Suthakorn, J., Guerineau, C., Itsarachaiyot, Y., Sa-Ing, V., Proprom, N., Lertsithichai, P., Jirasisrithum, S., Kittur, D. 

Title : A novel robotic monofilament test for diabetic neuropathy 

Source : Asian Journal of Surgery, Volume 33, Issue 4, October 2010, Pages 193-198 


Keywords : diabetic foot; Semmes-Weinstein monofilament; Toronto Clinical Scoring System; vibration perception test 

Abstract : OBJECTIVE: The use of the Semmes-Weinstein (SW) monofilament test is recommended as a screening method for diabetic 

neuropathy. It offers an important chance to prevent further complications of diabetic foot. We aimed to develop a 

prototype Robotic Monofilament Inspector that can be used as a standard machine for screening of diabetic neuropathy. 

METHODS: Development was divided into three parts: computer software, control box, and Robotic Monofilament Inspector. 

The examiner conducted the SW test (by hand and by robotic inspector), vibration perception threshold, and Toronto Clinical 

Scoring System without knowledge of patient information. The unpaired t test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to 

determine the differences between independent groups in terms of continuous outcomes, while the χ2 test was used to 

614


determine categorical outcomes. Agreement between the various diabetic neuropathy tests was measured using the kappa 

statistic. RESULTS: The SW test and vibration perception threshold were more valid tests for neuropathy than the Toronto 

test. The robotic test was in excellent agreement with the two former tests and appeared to be valid (kappa statistic, 0.35- 

0.81). Another indirect evidence for the validity of the robotic test was the finding that diabetic patients with foot ulcers had a 

higher prevalence of neuropathy (77% vs. 38%). This might indicate that the robotic test was more valid than the manual 

test. CONCLUSION: The Robotic Monofilament Inspector could be used as a simple screening machine. This prototype may 

be developed further for routine clinical use. © 2010 Asian Surgical Association. 

No.1685 

Author (s) : Willemsen, I., Cooper, B., Van Buitenen, C., Winters, M., Andriesse, G., Kluytmans, J. 

Title : Improving quinolone use in hospitals by using a bundle of interventions in an interrupted time series analysis 

Source : Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Volume 54, Issue 9, September 2010, Pages 3763-3769 


Keywords : ceftazidime, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, tobramycin; antibiotic sensitivity, article, bacterium isolate, cost 

control, drug cost, drug monitoring, education program, Escherichia coli, hospital infection, hospital patient, human, major 

clinical study, outcome assessment, Poisson distribution, priority journal, regression analysis, time series analysis; Anti-Bacterial 

Agents, Ciprofloxacin, Hospitals, Humans, Injections, Intravenous, Prospective Studies, Quinolones 

Abstract : The objectives of the present study were to determine the effects of multiple targeted interventions on the level of use of 

quinolones and the observed rates of resistance to quinolones in Escherichia coli isolates from hospitalized patients. A 

bundle consisting of four interventions to improve the use of quinolones was implemented. The outcome was measured 

from the monthly levels of use of intravenous (i.v.) and oral quinolones and the susceptibility patterns for E. coli isolates 

from hospitalized patients. Statistical analyses were performed using segmented regression analysis and segmented Poisson 

regression models. Before the bundle was implemented, the annual use of quinolones was 2.7 defined daily doses 

(DDDs)/100 patient days. After the interventions, in 2007, this was reduced to 1.7 DDDs/100 patient days. The first 

intervention, a switch from i.v. to oral medication, was associated with a stepwise reduction in i.v. quinolone use of 71 

prescribed daily doses (PDDs) per month (95% confidence interval [CI] = 47 to 95 PDDs/month, P < 0.001). Intervention 2, 

introduction of a new antibiotic guideline and education program, was associated with a stepwise reduction in the overall use 

of quinolones (reduction, 107 PDDs/month [95% CI = 58 to 156 PDDs/month). Before the interventions the quinolone 

resistance rate was increasing, on average, by 4.6% (95% CI = 2.6 to 6.1%) per year. This increase leveled off, which was 

associated with intervention 2 and intervention 4, active monitoring of prescriptions and feedback. Trends in resistance to 

other antimicrobial agents did not change. This study showed that the hospital-wide use of quinolones can be significantly 

reduced by an active policy consisting of multiple interventions. There was also a stepwise reduction in the rate of quinolone 

resistance associated with the bundle of interventions. Copyright © 2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights 

Reserved. 

No.1686 

Author (s) : Wiratkapun, C., Bunyapaiboonsri, W., Wibulpolprasert, B., Lertsithichai, P. 

Title : Biopsy rate and positive predictive value for breast cancer in BI-RADS category 4 breast lesions 



Keywords : BI-RADS 4; Breast cancer; Core needle biopsy; Mammography 

Abstract : Objective: To examine the biopsy rate and positive predictive value (PPV) for breast cancer in lesions categorized as BI-RADS 

(Breast Imaging reporting and Data System) category 4. Material and Method: The medical records of patients with BIRADS 4 

breast lesion diagnosed at the breast diagnostic center, Ramathibodi Hospital between December 1, 2004 and December 31, 

2005 were retrospectively reviewed. PPV was calculated for patients who had biopsy performed or had clinical follow-up for 

at least two years. The radiographic and pathological findings were compared. Results: The biopsy rate of 536 lesions 

categorized as BI-RADS 4 was 75% (403 of 536). Malignancy was found in 95 of 460 patients; or a PPV of 21%, PPVs for 

subcategories 4A, 4B and 4C, were 9%, 21% and 57%, respectively. The most common malignancy was invasive ductal 

carcinoma (67%). Patients with advanced age, having a clinically palpable breast mass of large size, with mammographic 

findings of architectural distortion and asymmetrical density were significantly associated with a higher risk of breast cancer. 

Conclusion: PPV for malignancy in the present study was comparable to previous studies. In subcategories 4B and 4C, the 

malignancy rate was higher than that in subcategory 4A. 

615


No.1687 

Author (s) : Wiratkapun, C., Fusuwankaya, E., Wibulpholprasert, B., Lertsittichai, P. 

Title : Diagnostic accuracy of vacuum-assisted stereotactic core needle biopsy for breast lesions 



Keywords : Breast cancer; Breast lesions; Diagnostic accuracy; Stereotactic core needle biopsy; Underestimation rate 

Abstract : Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the vacuum-assisted stereotactic core needle biopsy (CNB) for breast 

lesions. Material and Method: Sixty-four lesions that had undergone vacuum-assisted stereotactic CNB between January 2003 

and December 2005 in Ramathibodi Breast diagnostic center were included in this study. Pathologic results of CNB were 

reviewed and correlated with pathologic results of subsequent open surgery. For benign lesions without surgery, the authors 

correlated the result of CNB with stability of the lesion at or more than 2-year interval follow-up. Agreement rate, high-risk 

under estimate rate, Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) underestimate rate, false negative rate, and sensitivity were accessed. 

Results: The pathologic results for the CNB were malignancy in 20%, high-risk in 13%, and benign in 67%. The agreement rate 

was 93.8% (60 of 64). The under estimate rate for atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) was 50% (3 of 6). There was no 

underestimate for DCIS in the present study. Of 43 benign lesions, malignancy was found at subsequent open surgery in one 

lesion and false negative rate was 6%. Calculated sensitivity was 96%. Conclusion: Vacuum-assisted CNB is an accurate 

method for evaluating breast lesions. This procedure is an alternative to surgical excision for lesion assessments. 

No.1688 

Author (s) : Wiriyarat, W., Lerdsamran, H., Pooruk, P., Webster, R.G., Louisirirotchanakul, S., Ratanakorn, P., Chaichoune, K., Nateerom, K., 

Puthavathana, P. 

Title : Erythrocyte binding preference of 16 subtypes of low pathogenic avian influenza and 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 

viruses 

Source : Veterinary Microbiology, Volume 146, Issue 3-4, 15 December 2010, Pages 346-349 


Keywords : 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus; Erythrocytes; Hemagglutination assay; Low pathogenic avian influenza viruses 

Abstract : All 16 subtypes of avian influenza viruses of low pathogenicity (LPAIV) as well as their hemagglutinin (H) antigens, and four 

2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus isolates were assayed for hemagglutinating activity against 5 erythrocyte species: 

goose, guinea pig, human group O, chicken and horse. Of all viruses and antigens assayed, the highest hemagglutination (HA) 

titers were obtained with goose and guinea pig erythrocytes. Hemagglutinating activity of replicating LPAIV and LPAIV antigens 

decreased, in order, with chicken and human group O; meanwhile, horse erythrocytes yielded lowest or no HA titer. 

Moreover, the 2009 pandemic viruses did not agglutinate both horse and chicken erythrocytes. Our study concluded that 

goose and guinea pig erythrocytes are the best in HA assay for all subtypes of influenza viruses. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

No.1689 

Author (s) : Wisedsukol, P., Chanyagom, P., Subphachaisirikul, K. 

Title : Heterogeneous information integration and management models in Thai justice information systems 

Source : Proceedings - 2010 3rd IEEE International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology, ICCSIT 2010, Volume 

4, 2010, Article number 5564942, Pages 269-273 


Keywords : Information integration; Information management; Middleware; REST; ROA 

Abstract : The Thai justice has been using Information systems in their routine works for nearly 20 years. Around 1993, Thailand 

attempted to integrate information systems (IS) of all agencies in justice system. Unfortunately, the result was unsuccessful 

and the project was terminated. The critical but common problems are data duplication and data inconsistency. Because 

most of Thai government agencies have been using their own information systems designed based on the agencies' 

requirements, which normally developed by outsourcers or contractors. As a result, any attempt of information integration 

cause data duplication and data inconsistency problems. However, these problems can be theoretically solved by using 

global unique identifier such as citizen identifier number or common attributes that are available in local sources. In practical, 

only using global unique identifier may not be sufficient. Mapping model and data cleansing are still in need. This work 

presents suitable integration information model, aiming to resolve these problems. However the non-technical problems such 

as legal issue and right protection cannot be achieved by using only data integration model. The suitable information 

management model is, therefore, critical and described in this work. By combining these two models, the research shows that 

616


it is able to overcome cultural organizations and legal issue as well as all technical problems. The techniques and 

methodologies including data integration concept, resource oriented architecture (ROA), and the management model 

proposed here help to promote transparency, accountability and auditability of all information systems in the Thai justice. © 

2010 IEEE. 

No.1690 

Author (s) : Wisessombat, S., Kittiniyom, K., Srimanote, P., Wonglumsom, W., Voravuthikunchai, S.P. 

Title : Enhancement of viable Campylobacter detection by chemotactic stimuli 

Source : Journal of Microbiological Methods, Volume 82, Issue 2, August 2010, Pages 170-176 


Keywords : Chemotaxis; Chicken; Motility ability; Thermophilic Campylobacter 

Abstract : The effects of chemotactic stimuli on motility ability of viable Campylobacter to pass through a 0.45μm pore size filter in 

viscous condition were investigated. Reference strains including C. jejuni ATCC 33291, C. coli MUMT 18407, C. lari ATCC 43675, 

and C. upsaliensis DMST 19055 were used. The initial numbers of artificially-inoculated viable cells per g of chicken meat 

were approximately 10 to 104. Constituents of mucin plus bile (1:1), varieties of amino acids, and sodium salts were added 

into a soft-agar-coated membrane filter and incubated at both 37°C and 42°C for 24h. The drop plate method was used to 

determine numbers of viable Campylobacter at 6, 12, 18, and 24h. After 6h, constituents of mucin plus bile at the 

concentrations of 1, 5, and 10% demonstrated significant increases in numbers of viable cells (p<0.05). The numbers of the 

organisms at 42°C were higher than those at 37°C. In contrast, no significant difference in cell numbers was observed by 

adding amino acids or sodium salts. In addition, the role of starvation on chemotactic responses was also studied. Starved 

cells showed lower chemotactic response than non-starved cells. This method permitted rapid detection of viable 

thermophilic Campylobacter. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

No.1691 

Author (s) : Witoonpanich, R., Vichayanrat, E., Tantisiriwit, K., Wongtanate, M., Sucharitchan, N., Oranrigsupak, P., Chuesuwan, A., Nakarawat, 

W., Tima, A., Suwatcharangkoon, S., Ingsathit, A., Rattanasiri, S., Wananukul, W. 

Title : Survival analysis for respiratory failure in patients with food-borne botulism 

Source : Clinical Toxicology, Volume 48, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 177-183 


Keywords : Botulinum antitoxin; Difficulty swallowing; Endotracheal intubation; Ophthalmoplegia; Proximal muscle weakness; Ptosis 

Abstract : Introduction. Botulism is a rare presynaptic neuromuscular junction disorder caused by potent toxins produced by the 

anaerobic, spore-forming, Gram-positive bacterium Clostridium botulinum. Food-borne botulism is caused by the ingestion of 

foods contaminated with botulinum toxin. In March 2006, there was a large outbreak of food-borne botulism associated with 

the ingestion of home-canned bamboo shoots in Thailand. The survival analyses for respiratory failure in these patients were 

studied and are reported here. Methods. A prospective observational cohort study was conducted on this outbreak. The 

primary outcome of interest was the time to respiratory failure. The secondary outcome was the time to weaning off 

ventilator. The prognostic factors associated with respiratory failure and weaning off ventilator are presented. Results. A total 

of 91 in-patients with baseline clinical characteristics were included. Most cases first presented with gastrointestinal symptoms 

followed by neurological symptoms, the most striking of which being difficulty in swallowing. Common clinical features 

included ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, proximal muscle weakness, pupillary abnormality, and respiratory failure. Forty-two 

patients developed respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation and the median duration on ventilator was 14 days. 

The median length of hospital stay for all patients was 13.5 days. Difficulty in breathing, moderate to severe ptosis, and 

dilated and fixed pupils were associated with respiratory failure. Among patients who were on ventilators, a short incubation 

period and pupillary abnormality were associated with a longer period of mechanical ventilation. All patients had antitoxin 

injection and there was no mortality in this outbreak. Conclusion. The history of difficult breathing and the findings of 

moderate to severe ptosis and pupillary abnormality were associated with severe illness and respiratory failure. A long 

incubation time was associated with a better prognosis. Although botulism is a potentially fatal disease, there was no 

mortality in this outbreak. All patients had antitoxin injection and good intensive care that resulted in good clinical outcomes. 

Copyright © Informa UK, Ltd. 

No.1692 

Author (s) : Witoonsaridsilp, W., Panyarachun, B., Sarisuta, N., Müller-Goymann, C.C. 

617


Title : Influence of microenvironment and liposomal formulation on secondary structure and bilayer interaction of lysozyme 

Source : Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, Volume 75, Issue 2, 1 February 2010, Pages 501-509 


Keywords : Charged liposomes; Conformation; Lysozyme; Protein-lipid binding; Secondary structure 

Abstract : The conformation of peptide and protein drugs in various microenvironments and the interaction with drug carriers such as 

liposomes are of considerable interest. In this study the influence of microenvironments such as pH, salt concentration, and 

surface charge on the secondary structure of a model protein, lysozyme, either in solution or entrapped in liposomes with 

various molar ratios of phosphatidylcholine (PC):cholesterol (Chol) was investigated. It was found that entrapment efficiency 

was more pronounced in negatively charged liposomes than in non-charged liposomes, which was independent of Chol 

content and pH of hydration medium. The occurrence of aggregation, decrease in zeta potential, and alteration of 31P NMR 

chemical shift of negatively charged lysozyme liposomes compared to blank liposomes suggested that the electrostatic 

interaction plays a major role in protein-lipid binding. Addition of sodium chloride could impair the neutralizing ability of 

positively charged lysozyme on negatively charged membrane via chloride counterion binding. Neither lysozyme in various 

buffer solutions with sodium chloride nor that entrapped in liposomes showed any significant change in their secondary 

structures. However, significant decrease in α-helical content of lysozyme in non-charged liposomes at higher pH and salt 

concentrations was discovered. © 2009. 

No.1693 

Author (s) : Wittawatmongkol, O., Vanprapar, N., Chearskul, P., Phongsamart, W., Prasitsuebsai, W., Sutthent, R., Chokephaibulkit, K. 

Title : Boosted p24 antigen assay for early diagnosis of perinatal HIV infection 



Keywords : Boosted-p24 antigen; Diagnostic test; HIV-exposed infants 

Abstract : Objective: The authors evaluated the accuracy of in-house boosted-p24 antigen assay for diagnosis of perinatal HIV infection. 

Material and Method: The author has retrospectively reviewed the medical records of infants born to HIVpositive mothers. 

The infants were tested for boosted-p24 antigen assay at the age of 1-2 months and 4-6 months. HIV infection was defined as 

positive anti-HIV at the age 18 months or older, or had positive HIV-PCR with clinical signs and symptoms compatible with 

HIV/AIDS. Results: There were 168 infants included in this review and six were HIV-infected. The boosted-p24 antigen assay 

had the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 33.33%, 98.27%, 50%, and 95.8%, 

respectively at 1-2 month-old, and 100%, 98.27%, 71.43%, and 100%, respectively at 4-6 month-old. Conclusion: Boosted-p24 

antigen assay could be a cheaper alternative test to help diagnosis of perinatal HIV infection in infants. The test was very 

accurate when performed at 4-6 months. 

No.1694 

Author (s) : Wittayacom, K., Uthaipibull, C., Kumpornsin, K., Tinikul, R., Kochakarn, T., Songprakhon, P., Chookajorn, T. 

Title : A nuclear targeting system in Plasmodium falciparum 

Source : MALARIA JOURNAL, Volume: 9, Article Number: 126, DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-9-126, Published: MAY 14 2010 


Keywords : VAR GENE-EXPRESSION; MALARIA PARASITE; DNA-BINDING; PROTEINS; YEAST; GAL4; LOCALIZATION; DISCOVERY; VIRULENCE; 

LOCATION 

Abstract : Background: The distinct differences in gene control mechanisms acting in the nucleus between Plasmodium falciparum and 

the human host could lead to new potential drug targets for anti-malarial development. New molecular toolkits are required 

for dissecting molecular machineries in the P. falciparum nucleus. One valuable tool commonly used in model organisms is 

protein targeting to specific sub-cellular locations. Targeting proteins to specified locations allows labeling of organelles for 

microscopy, or testing of how the protein of interest modulates organelle function. In recent years, this approach has been 

developed for various malaria organelles, such as the mitochondrion and the apicoplast. A tool for targeting a protein of 

choice to the P. falciparum nucleus using an exogenous nuclear localization sequence is reported here. Methods: To develop 

a nuclear targeting system, a putative nuclear localization sequence was fused with green fluorescent protein (GFP). The 

nuclear localization sequence from the yeast transcription factor Gal4 was chosen because of its well-defined nuclear 

localization signal. A series of truncated Gal4 constructs was also created to narrow down the nuclear localization sequence 

necessary for P. falciparum nuclear import. Transfected parasites were analysed by fluorescent and laser-scanning confocal 

microscopy. Results: The nuclear localization sequence of Gal4 is functional in P. falciparum. It effectively transported GFP 

618


into the nucleus, and the first 74 amino acid residues were sufficient for nuclear localization. Conclusions: The Gal4 fusion 

technique enables specific transport of a protein of choice into the P. falciparum nucleus, and thus provides a tool for 

labeling nuclei without using DNA-staining dyes. The finding also indicates similarities between the nuclear transport 

mechanisms of yeast and P. falciparum. Since the nuclear transport system has been thoroughly studied in yeast, this could 

give clues to research on the same mechanism in P. falciparum. 

No.1695 

Author (s) : Wittayarat, M., Thongphakdee, A., Saikhun, K., Chatdarong, K., Otoi, T., Techakumphu, M. 

Title : Cell cycle analysis of cultured skin fibroblasts from the Asian golden cat (Pardofelis temminckii), marbled cat (Pardofelis 

marmorata), leopard (Panthera pardus) and Siamese cat (Felis Catus) 

Source : Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Volume 40, Issue 1, March 2010, Page 139 


Keywords : Cell cycle; Contact inhibition; Feline; Roscovitine; Serum starvation 


No.1696 

Author (s) : Wittonpanich, R.; Pulkes, T.; Dejthevaporn, C.; Yodnopklao, P.; Witoonpanich, P.; Wetchaphanphesat, S.; Brengman, J.; Engel, A. 

Title : Mutation of alpha subunit of acetylcholine receptor causing slow-channel congenital myasthenic syndrome in a Thai family 

Source : NEUROMUSCULAR DISORDERS, Volume: 20, Issue: 9-10, Pages: 630-630, DOI:10.1016/j.nmd.2010.07.111, Published: OCT 2010 




No.1697 

Author (s) : Wiwatanapataphee, B., Noinang, S., Wu, Y.H., Nuntadilok, B. 

Title : An integrated powerpoint-maple based teaching-learning model for multivariate integral calculus 

Source : International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education, Volume 5, Issue 1, February 2010, Pages 5-31 


Keywords : Graphic visualization; Integral calculus; Maple; Symbolic package 

Abstract : In this paper, we present and evaluate a symbolic package based teaching-learning model for triple integral calculus. The 

model utilizes presentation and visualization technologies to assist in the teaching and learning of mathematical concepts 

and methods. The key mathematical concepts and integration techniques for triple integrals are introduced to students 

utilizing the animation feature of PowerPoint display supported by the graphic visualization function of the Maple software. 

To enhance students' learning process, a series of workbooks and symbolic tools are developed utilizing Maple 10 to guide 

students step-by-step in their studies. The developed symbolic tools also enable students to display the three-dimensional 

(3D) integration domain graphically and to check their calculation results. An investigation undertaken shows that with the 

proposed teaching-learning model, a higher percentage of students achieved a better understanding of the concepts and a 

better capacity in evaluating triple integrals with complicated integration domains, compared to traditional teaching and 

learning with no technology use. We purport that our technology model supports understanding by showing the 3D figures in 

integration from different angles, and also facilitates independent learning by reducing the need to draw these figures by the 

students themselves. 

No.1698 

Author (s) : Wiwatanaratanabutr, I., Allan, S., Linthicum, K., Kittayapong, P. 

Title : Strain-specific differences in mating, oviposition, and host-seeking behavior between Wolbachia-infected and uninfected 

Aedes albopictus 

Source : Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association, Volume 26, Issue 3, September 2010, Pages 265-273 


Keywords : Aedes albopictus; host-seeking; mating; oviposition; Wolbachia 

Abstract : Wolbachia are maternally inherited bacteria that cause various reproductive alterations in their arthropod hosts, including 

cytoplasmic incompatibility. In this study, we compared mating, oviposition, and host-seeking behavior of Wolbachia-infected 

(Houston HOU, Gainesville GNV) and Houston uninfected (HT1) Aedes albopictus. In mating assays with virgin mosquitoes, 

619


mating success of Wolbachia-infected males was significantly higher than uninfected strains. Mating success was highest with 

HOU males exposed to infected (95) and uninfected females (100), and lowest with HT1 males exposed to infected (20) and 

uninfected (25) females. Results suggested that Wolbachia infection may influence the reproductive behavior of this 

mosquito. There were no clear differences in oviposition responses between strains, with all strains ovipositing significantly 

more often on hay infusion and larval rearing water than on water controls and least frequently on 4-methylphenol. Strains 

of Ae. albopictus females were host-seeking a human when given a choice. Responses to a human arm, acetone, CO2, and 

dichloromethane were generally higher from the Houston strains than from the GNV strain. Responses of HOU and HT1 

females differed from GNV with greater responses to the arm and CO2. © 2010 by The American Mosquito Control 

Association, Inc. 

No.1699 

Author (s) : Wiyaporn, K., Tocharoenchai, C., Pusuwan, P., Ekjeen, T., Leaungwutiwong, S., Thanyarak, S. 

Title : Factors affecting standardized uptake value (SUV) of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with18F-FDG 



Keywords : 18F-FDG; Factors affecting; Positron emission tomography (PET); Standardized uptake value (SUV) 

Abstract : Objective: The purpose of the study was to study factors affecting SUV of PET imaging with 18F-FDG. Material and Method: 

PET/CT Biograph 64 was used to acquire the data. A NEMA PET phantom with 6 spheres varying in diameter from 10 to 37 

mm was used to mimic the human body and tumors. Background activity of 18F in the phantom was 0.14 μCi/ml and tumorto-background 

ratios (TBR) of 2:1, 5:1 and 10:1 were studied. For each TBR, thirty sinograms were acquired with 3-min scan 

durations. Different scan durations varying from 3 to 20 min using a TBR of 5:1were studied and three datasets of each scan 

time were collected. Sinograms were reconstructed using the Ordered Subset Expectation Maximization (OSEM) algorithm 

with 5 mm Full-Width-at-Half-Maximum (FWHM) Gaussian filtering. Sinograms at TBR of 5:1 were reconstructed by varying the 

number of iterative updates of OSEM (N) from 8 to 168 and SUVavg and SUVmax were measured. The percentage of 

underestimation of SUVs was used to study the effect of tumor size and TBR. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used 

to test the reliability of SUVmax with different scan durations. Results: The results showed that both the SUVavg and SUVmax 

rapidly increased when N was < 48 and slightly increased afterwards. At TBRs ranging from 2:1 to 10:1, the percentages of 

underestimation of SUVmax ranged from 8.17 to 22.46 and that of SUVavg were ranged from 41.44 to 52.33 for 37-mm sphere 

and from 40.38 to 54.52 and from 48.97 to 67.73 for 10-mm sphere respectively. Different scan durations gave reliable 

SUVsmax with ICC of 0.996. Conclusion: SUVs increased as N increased. The percentage of underestimation of the SUV 

depended on tumor size and TBR. Scan duration did not affect SUVs. 

No.1700 

Author (s) : Wongchitrat, P.; Mukda, S.; Phansuwan-Pujito, P.; Govitrapong, P. 

Title : EFFECTS OF AMPHETAMINE ON CIRCADIAN GENES EXPRESSION IN THE RAT BRAIN 

Source : JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY, Volume: 115, Pages: 12-12, Supplement: 1, Published: OCT 2010 




No.1701 

Author (s) : Wongchoosuk, C., Wisitsoraat, A., Phokharatkul, D., Tuantranont, A., Kerdcharoen, T. 

Title : Multi-walled carbon nanotube-doped tungsten oxide thin films for hydrogen gas sensing 

Source : Sensors, Volume 10, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 7705-7715 


Keywords : Carbon nanotube; E-beam evaporation; Hydrogen sensor; Nanochannels; WO3 

Abstract : In this work we have fabricated hydrogen gas sensors based on undoped and 1 wt% multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)doped 

tungsten oxide (WO3) thin films by means of the powder mixing and electron beam (E-beam) evaporation technique. 

Hydrogen sensing properties of the thin films have been investigated at different operating temperatures and gas 

concentrations ranging from 100 ppm to 50,000 ppm. The results indicate that the MWCNT-doped WO3 thin film exhibits high 

sensitivity and selectivity to hydrogen. Thus, MWCNT doping based on E-beam co-evaporation was shown to be an effective 

means of preparing hydrogen gas sensors with enhanced sensing and reduced operating temperatures. Creation of 

620


nanochannels and formation of p-n heterojunctions were proposed as the sensing mechanism underlying the enhanced 

hydrogen sensitivity of this hybridized gas sensor. To our best knowledge, this is the first report on a MWCNT-doped WO3 

hydrogen sensor prepared by the E-beam method. © 2010 by the authors. 

No.1702 

Author (s) : Wongchoosuk, C., Wisitsoraat, A., Tuantranont, A., Kerdcharoen, T. 

Title : Portable electronic nose based on carbon nanotube-SnO2 gas sensors and its application for detection of methanol 

contamination in whiskeys 

Source : Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical, Volume 147, Issue 2, 3 June 2010, Pages 392-399 


Keywords : Carbon nanotube; E-nose; Feature extraction techniques; Gas sensor; Metal oxide 

Abstract : In this paper, a portable electronic nose (E-nose) based on hybrid carbon nanotube-SnO2 gas sensors is described. The hybrid 

gas sensors were fabricated using electron beam (E-beam) evaporation by means of powder mixing. The instrument employs 

feature extraction techniques including integral and primary derivative, which lead to higher classification performance as 

compared to the classical features (∆R and ∆R/R0). It was shown that doping of carbon nanotube (CNT) improves the 

sensitivity of hybrid gas sensors, while quantity of CNT has a direct effect on the selectivity to volatile organic compounds, 

i.e., methanol (MeOH) and ethanol (EtOH). The real-world applications of this E-nose were also demonstrated. Based on the 

proposed methods, this instrument can monitor and classify 1 vol% of MeOH contamination in whiskeys. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. 


No.1703 

Author (s) : Wongdee, K., Riengrojpitak, S., Krishnamra, N., Charoenphandhu, N. 

Title : Claudin expression in the bone-lining cells of female rats exposed to long-standing academia 

Source : Experimental and Molecular Pathology, Volume 88, Issue 2, April 2010, Pages 305-310 


Keywords : Acidosis; Bone membrane; Claudin; Immunohistochemistry; Osteoblasts; Tight junction 

Abstract : Besides enhancing osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, chronic metabolic acidosis (CMA) induces mineral efflux across the 

epithelial-like bone membrane formed by bone-lining cells (inactive osteoblasts), possibly via the paracellular pathway. 

However, there was a compensatory mechanism that restricted bone loss in the late phase of CMA, and changes in the 

expression of claudins, which are tight junction proteins known to regulate epithelial barrier function, were therefore 

anticipated in bone-lining cells. Herein, primary rat osteoblasts were found to express several transcripts of claudins, i.e., 

claudin-5, -11, -14, -15 and -16. Their protein expressions in bone-lining cells were demonstrated by immunohistochemistry in 

decalcified tibial sections. After exposure to CMA induced by oral administration of 1.5% NH4Cl for 21 days, expression of 

claudin-14, which normally seals the paracellular space and restricts ion movement, was increased, whereas that of claudin- 

15 and -16 which form pores for ion transport were decreased. Expressions of claudin-5 and -11 were not changed by CMA. In 

conclusion, the bone-lining cells of rats exposed to CMA for 21 days upregulated an ion-restrictive claudin (i.e., claudin-14), 

while downregulating ion-permeable claudins (i.e., claudin-15 and -16). These cellular responses might be parts of a 

compensatory mechanism accounting for deceleration of bone loss in late CMA. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. 

No.1704 

Author (s) : Wongkamchai, S., Khongtak, P., Leemingsawat, S., Komalamisra, N., Junsong, N., Kulthanan, K., Wisuthsarewong, W., Boitano, J.J. 

Title : Comparative identification of protein profiles and major allergens of saliva, salivary gland and whole body extracts of 

mosquito species in Thailand 



Keywords : Mosquito allergens; Mosquito bite allergy; Saliva; Salivary gland 

Abstract : Allergic reactions to mosquito bites, such as generalized urticaria or severe local reactions are common problems worldwide. 

The diverse sources of allergen prepared from different mosquito body parts usage are a major obstacle to obtaining safe and 

effective tests and immunotherapy for mosquito bite allergy. Thus, the reactions are often not recognized and allergen 

immunotherapy is seldom used for severe reaction to mosquito bites. In a search for appropriate allergen sources, the 

protein profiles of saliva, salivary glands and whole body extracts were comparatively analyzed from 4 common mosquito 

species of Thailand and/or South East Asia; viz. Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus and a zoophilic 

621


strain, Anopheles minimus. The major allergens in the extracts which elicited specific IgE responses in the pooled sera of 

subjects allergic to mosquito bites were identified. It was concluded that mosquito saliva was the best source of allergens. 

Additionally, both species-specific and species-shared allergens of the 4 mosquito species were identified. The major saliva 

allergens having MWs of 36, 32 and 22 kDa were identified. The identificstion of major allergens should facilitate the 

production of specific recombinant allergens and contribute to improvement in the diagnosis and specific immunotherapy of 

Thai mosquito bite allergy patients. 

No.1705 

Author (s) : Wongkia, W., Naruedonkul, K., Cercone, N. 

Title : Thai visually impaired's requirements to access mathematics via an automatic math reader 

Source : CSEDU 2010 - 2nd International Conference on Computer Supported Education, Proceedings, Volume 1, 2010, Pages 239-244 


Keywords : Blind and visually impaired learning; Math expression; Text-to-speech 

Abstract : We present the requirements to access mathematics for the Thai visually impaired students. Blind and visually impaired (VI) 

students agreed to participate in an interview to determine the requirements for using a text-to-speech (ITS) system with the 

capability to automatically read math expressions. The interview consisted of two parts: the students' background 

characteristics and the students' difficulties in and requirement for using TTS systems to read math expressions. Our results 

show that the students who are blind and visually impaired had difficulties to access mathematics. The students have basic 

computer skills with standard software e.g., Microsoft Word. Therefore, the findings suggest that the students desire assistant 

technology to better access to mathematics. 

No.1706 

Author (s) : Wongkongkatep, J., Ladadat, R., Lappermpunsap, W., Wongkongkatep, P., Phinyocheep, P., Ojida, A., Hamachi, I. 

Title : Thermoresponsive fluorescent sensor based on core/shell nanocomposite composed of gold nanoparticles and poly(Nisopropylacrylamide) 

Source : Chemistry Letters, Volume 39, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 184-185 



Abstract : We developed a new thermometric fluorescent sensor based on core/shell nanocomposite composed of gold nanoparticles 

and thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), which shows a reversible fluorescence change in response to a 

temperature change. © 2010 The Chemical Society of Japan. 

No.1707 

Author (s) : Wongniam, S., Somana, J., Swangpol, S., Seelanan, T., Chareonsap, P., Chadchawan, S., Jenjittikul, T. 

Title : Genetic diversity and species-specific PCR-based markers from AFLP analyses of Thai bananas 

Source : Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, Volume 38, Issue 3, June 2010, Pages 416-427 


Keywords : AFLP; DNA fingerprinting; Genetic diversity; Interspecific hybrids; Musa cultivars 

Abstract : A large amount of banana genetic resource has been found in Thailand which is believed to be one of the centers of its 

origins. To assess genetic diversity and determine genetic relationships of edible bananas in Thailand, 110 accessions of 

banana species and cultivars collected from villages and natural locations were investigated. UPGMA clustering of numerical 

data from Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) patterns showed two large groups which corresponded to 

genome designations of Musa acuminata (AA) and Musa balbisiana (BB), the known ancestors of most edible cultivars. The 

AFLP data suggested that among Thai bananas, AA and AAA cultivars were closely related to M. acuminata subsp. 

malaccensis, while some of 'B' genome contained ones closely related to wild M. balbisiana in Thailand and some may have 

been imported. Eight species-specific PCR-based primer pairs, generated from the AFLP results clearly identify 'A' and 'B' 

genomes within cultivars and hybrids. The analyses were useful to readily and easily infer progenitors of these cultivars and 

pronounce wide genetic diversity of the bananas in Thailand. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.1708 

Author (s) : Wongprajun, S., Auewarakul, C.U. 

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Title : A method comparison study of flow cytometry and cytomorphology to determine the percentages of blasts in patients with 

acute leukemia after induction and consolidation chemotherapy. 



Keywords : antineoplastic agent, CD45 antigen; acute granulocytic leukemia, acute lymphoblastic 

leukemia, adolescent, adult, aged, article, bone marrow cell, cell count, comparative study, cytology, female, flow 

cytometry, human, leukemia, male, methodology, middle aged, minimal residual disease, remission; 

Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Antigens, CD45, Antineoplastic Agents, Bone Marrow Cells, Cell Count, Female, Flow 

Cytometry, Humans, Leukemia, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm, Residual, Precursor Cell 

Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma, Remission Induction, Young Adult 

Abstract : BACKGROUND: Enumeration of blasts in the bone marrow is an essential component in the diagnosis and treatment of acute 

leukemia. The current gold standard method is based on a morphologic counting of 500 marrow nucleated cells despite its 

operator dependence and inter-observer variability. OBJECTIVES: To compare the percentages of marrow blasts derived from 

two different approaches comprising routine morphology-based manual counting and flow cytometric analysis. MATERIAL AND 

METHOD: Fifty-five marrow samples were collected from 38 acute leukemia patients (36 AML and 19 ALL) after hematologic 

recovery from chemotherapy. The blast percentages were enumerated manually and by flow cytometer using CD45 and side 

scatter gates. RESULTS: A good correlation was found in the overall 55 samples (r = 0.829) and 36 AML samples (r = 0.86). The 

blast percentages derived from flow cytometer were higher than from morphologic counting in 46 samples (83.6%). Using a 

cut-off point of < 5% blasts to define complete remission (CR), 48 cases (87%) were classified as morphological CR (83% CR in 

AML and 95% CR in ALL). By flow cytometry, only 24 cases (44%) were in CR (28% CR in AML and 74% CR in ALL). The results 

from each method were concordant in determining CR in 27 samples (49%), with a kappa value of 0.07 for overall samples, 

0.057 for AML and -0.096 for ALL samples. CONCLUSION: A good correlation between the percentages of blasts achieved by 

either method was demonstrated, particularly in AML samples. Discordant results occurred when


with a mean age (standard deviation [SD]) of 42.2 (10.2) years and 77% were males. Median (range) duration of ART and 

lamivudine use was 46 (3-177) and 40 (3-140) months, respectively. Median (range) CD4 cell count was 352 (49-790) cells/mm 

3. Of all, 19 (23%) had HBV-DR with a median (range) HBV DNA of 2.56 × 107 (2.54 × 103-11 × 107) IU/mL. In univariate 

analysis, there were no differences in age, gender, ART regimen, liver function test, anti-HBc antibody, anti-HCV antibody 

between the two groups. Patients with HBV-DR had a higher proportion of positive HBeAg (68.4% versus 3.8%, p < 0.001). In 

multivariate analysis, positive HBeAg (odds ratio [OR) 16.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.31-83.60] and duration of 

lamivudine use [per 6-month increment, OR 1.24; 95% CI, 1.06-1.36] were significant risk factors for HBV-DR. All 19 patients 

with HBV-DR had lamivudine resistance with the mutations as follows: M204V/I (95%), L180M/A181T (95%), L80V/I (47%), 

V173L (32%), and N236T (21%). Of these, 95%, 84%, 84%, and 0% of patients had HBV-DR to telbivudine, entecavir, adefovir, 

and tenofovir, respectively. HBV-DR is common in HBV/HIV-1 coinfected patients receiving lamivudine-containing ART without 

tenofovir. Positive HBeAg and longer duration of lamivudine use are risk factors for HBV-DR. In addition to lamivudine 

resistance, cross-resistance to other anti-HBV drugs is also frequently observed. © Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 

No.1711 

Author (s) : Wongsamitkul, N., Sirianant, L., Muanprasat, C., Chatsudthipong, V. 

Title : A plant-derived hydrolysable tannin inhibits CFTR chloride channel: A potential treatment of diarrhea 

Source : Pharmaceutical Research, Volume 27, Issue 3, March 2010, Pages 490-497 


Keywords : CFTR; Chloride secretion; Diarrhea; Tannin 

Abstract : Purpose: The present study examined the effects and mechanisms of actions of penta-m-digalloyl-glucose (PDG), a 

hydrolysable tannin extracted from Chinese gallnut, on cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein (CFTR). 

Materials and Methods: Fisher rat thyroid cells stably expressing human CFTR (FRT cells) and human intestinal T84 cells were 

used as cell models to investigate the effects of PDG on chloride secretion using short-circuit current analysis. The 

mechanisms by which PDG affected chloride secretion were also examined. Finally, in vivo antidiarrheal efficacy and effects 

of PDG on intestinal fluid absorption were evaluated in mouse closed-loop models. Results: In FRT cells, apical chloride 

current induced by forskolin, CPT-cAMP and apigenin were reversibly inhibited by PDG (IC50 ∼ 10μM) without effects on 

intracellular cAMP content and cell viability. Similarly, in T84 cells, PDG effectively inhibited chloride secretion induced by 

forskolin and cholera toxin. However, it had no effect on calcium-induced chloride secretion. In mice, a single intraluminal 

injection of PDG (0.6 mg/kg) reduced cholera toxin-induced intestinal fluid secretion by 75% with no effect on intestinal fluid 

absorption. Conclusions: PDG represents a new class of CFTR inhibitors. Further development of this class of compounds may 

provide a new therapeutic intervention for diarrhea. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. 

No.1712 

Author (s) : Wongsantichon, J., Robinson, R.C., Ketterman, A.J. 

Title : Structural contributions of Delta class glutathione transferase active-site residues to catalysis 

Source : Biochemical Journal, Volume 428, Issue 1, 15 May 2010, Pages 25-32 


Keywords : Crystal structure; Glutathione transferase (GST); Structural motif; Structure-function relationship; Substrate specificity 

Abstract : GST (glutathione transferase) is a dimeric enzyme recognized for biotransformation of xenobiotics and endogenous toxic 

compounds. In the present study, residues forming the hydrophobic substrate-binding site (H-site) of a Delta class enzyme 

were investigated in detail for the first time by site-directed mutagenesis and crystallographic studies. Enzyme kinetics reveal 

that Tyr111 indirectly stabilizes GSH binding, Tyr119 modulates hydrophobic substrate binding and Phe123 indirectly 

modulates catalysis. Mutations at Tyr111 and Phe123 also showed evidence for positive co-operativity for GSH and 1-chloro- 

2,4- dinitrobenzene respectively, strongly suggesting a role for these residues in manipulating subunit-subunit communication. 

In the present paper we report crystal structures of the wild-type enzyme, and two mutants, in complex with Shexylglutathione. 

This study has identified an aromatic 'zipper' in the H-site contributing a network of aromatic π-π 

interactions. Several residues of the cluster directly interact with the hydrophobic substrate, whereas others indirectly 

maintain conformational stability of the dimeric structure through the C-terminal domain (domain II). The Y119E mutant 

structure shows major main-chain rearrangement of domain II. This reorganization is moderated through the 'zipper' that 

contributes to the H-site remodelling, thus illustrating a role in co-substrate binding modulation. The F123A structure shows 

molecular rearrangement of the H-site in one subunit, but not the other, explaining weakened hydrophobic substrate binding 

and kinetic co-operativity effects of Phe123 mutations. The three crystal structures provide comprehensive evidence of the 

624


aromatic 'zipper' residues having an impact upon protein stability, catalysis and specificity.Consequently, 'zipper' residues 

appear to modulate and co-ordinate substrate processing through permissive flexing. © The Authors. 

No.1713 

Author (s) : Wongtrakul, J., Pongjaroenkit, S., Leelapat, P., Nachaiwieng, W., Prapanthadara, L.-A., Ketterman, A.J. 

Title : Expression and characterization of three new glutathione transferases, an epsilon (AcGSTE2-2), Omega (AcGSTO1-1), and Theta 

(AcGSTT1-1) from anopheles cracens (Diptera: Culicidae), a major thai malaria vector 

Source : Journal of Medical Entomology, Volume 47, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 162-171 


Keywords : Anopheles cracens; DDT dehydrochlorinase; Epsilon class; Omega class; Theta class 

Abstract : Glutathione transferases (GSTs) (E.C.2.5.1.18) are multifunctional enzymes involved in the detoxification of many exogenous 

and endogenous compounds. This study aimed to characterize several new GSTs from Anopheles cracens, a major Thai 

malaria vector formerly known as Anopheles dirus. The three recombinant enzymes obtained were from the epsilon, theta 

and omega classes. They showed 8093% identity to orthologous An. gambiae GSTs. AcGSTE2-2 possessed peroxidase activity 

that cannot be detected for the An. gambiae AgGSTE2-2. AcGSTT1-1 had high activity toward several substrates that are 

specific for mammalian theta class. The AcGSTO1-1 can use 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, dichloroacetic acid, and 

hydroxyethyl disulfide substrates. The enzymes bound but did not metabolize the organophosphate temephos. The epsilon 

AcGSTE2-2 functioned as a peroxidase and DDT metabolizing enzyme. The theta AcGSTT1-1 functioned not only as 

peroxidase but also acted as a binding protein for organophosphates. The omega GST had thiol transferase activity suggesting 

a role in oxidative stress response. © 2010 Entomological Society of America. 

No.1714 

Author (s) : Wongwananuruk, T., Indhavivadhana, S., Rattanachaiyanont, M., Techatraisak, K., Leerasiri, P., Tanmahasamut, P., Surasak, A., 

Dangrat, C. 

Title : Characteristics of 250 reproductive-aged polycystic ovary syndrome Thai women at Siriraj Hospital 



Keywords : Characteristics; PCOS; Polycystic ovary syndrome; Thai 

Abstract : Objective: To determine the clinical characteristics of reproductive-aged polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) Thai women. 

Study design: Cross sectional study. Settings: Gynecologic Endocrinology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 

Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital. Subjects: 250 PCOS Thai women who registered at the Siriraj PCOS project from May 2007 

to January 2009. PCOS were diagnosed using Revised Rotterdam 2003 criteria. Women who were taking medications affecting 

sex hormones or lipid metabolism within 3 months before registration were excluded from the present study. Material and 

Method: Patients were interviewed and examined for weight, height, waist circumference, blood pressure, presence of 

acanthosis nigricans, and signs of hyperandrogenism. Ovarian ultrasonography was examined using vaginal probe inserting into 

the vagina or rectum. Venous blood sample of each patient was drawn during 8.00-10.00 o'clock after 12-hour fasting. Main 

outcome measures: Clinical characteristics and laboratory profiles in PCOS Thai women. Results: Of all participants, 62% were 

20-29.9 years old, 30% had high blood pressure, 57% were overweight to obese, 49% had central obesity, and 27% had 

acanthosis nigricans. Clinical hyperandrogenism was found in 15.6% of the patients. Approximately 7% of PCOS women had 

impaired fasting glucose and one third had dyslipidemia. Prevalence of the PCOS criteria presenting in the population were 

oligomenorrhea and/or amenorrhea (98.4%), hyperandrogenism (49.2%), and ultrasonographic polycystic ovary (97.2%). Of all 

participants, 44% had three components of diagnostic criteria. Among those who had two components, presence of abnormal 

menstrual cycle plus polycystic ovary was the most common finding. Conclusion: Menstrual problem was the most common 

presenting symptom among the presented participants. Hyperandrogenism/ -emia adds only a little value on making PCOS 

diagnosis. Most of the PCOS Thai women have menstrual problem. In these patients, ovarian ultrasonography has high value 

to diagnose PCOS; addition of androgen blood test can diagnose only 3% more PCOS cases. Although the presented PCOS 

Thai women are still young, approximately 50% already have some parameters of health risk. It is suggested to provide 

preventive measures for these patients to prevent long term medical problems. 

No.1715 

Author (s) : Wongwattanasathien, O., Kangsadalampai, K., Tongyonk, L. 

Title : Antimutagenicity of some flowers grown in Thailand 

625


Source : Food and Chemical Toxicology, Volume 48, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 1045-1051 


Keywords : 1-Aminopyrene; Antimutagens; Flower; Nitrite; Salmonella typhimurium 

Abstract : The mutagenicity of dichloromethane, methanol and water extracts of Antigonon leptopus Hook. & Arn., Curcuma sessilis 

Gage, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn., Ixora coccinea Linn., Millingtonia hortensis Linn., Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn., Plumeria obtusa 

Linn., Punica granatum Linn., Rhinacanthus nasutus ((Linn.) Kurz.) and Syzygium malaccense ((Linn.) Merr.& Perry) before and 

after nitrite treatment was firstly investigated in the Ames test. Their antimutagenicity against the product of the reaction 

mixture of 1-aminopyrene nitrite model in the absence of metabolic activation on Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 and TA 100 

was evaluated. The results showed that none of the samples was mutagenic. Most nitrite-treated samples but 

dichloromethane extracts of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Plumeria obtusa, Syzygium malaccense, methanol extract of Syzygium 

malaccense and water extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis were mutagenic. The nitrite treated methanol extract of Nelumbo 

nucifera exhibited the highest mutagenicity on both strains. All dichloromethane extracts of flowers decreased the 

mutagenicity induced by the product of 1-aminopyrene nitrite model on both tester strains. Methanol extract of Curcuma 

sessilis and Punica granatum (15 mg/plate) showed the highest antimutagenic activity in TA 98 and TA 100, respectively. The 

protective effects of these flower extracts might be due to the presence of antimutagenic components that were supposed 

to be flavonoids. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

No.1716 

Author (s) : Wongwerawattanakoon, P.; Chuansumrit, A.; Angchaisuksiri, P.; Sirachainan, N. 

Title : Education package for patients with hemophilia and family members at the International Training Center-Bangkok: an effective 

model using limited resources 

Source : HAEMOPHILIA, Volume: 16, Pages: 53-53, Supplement: 4, Published: JUL 2010 




No.1717 

Author (s) : Wongwitthayakool, P.; Sirisinha, C.; Saeoui, P. 

Title : Cure and Viscoelastic Properties of HNBR Effects of Carbon Black Loading and Characteristics 

Source : KGK-KAUTSCHUK GUMMI KUNSTSTOFFE, Volume: 63, Issue: 11, Pages: 506-512, Published: NOV 2010 


Keywords : Reinforcement; Viscoelastic properties; Carbon black; Dynamic mechanical properties; Hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene 

rubber 

Abstract : Cure, viscoelastic and mechanical properties of HNBR filled with various types of carbon black were investigated. By increasing 

carbon black loading and specific surface area, cure promotion was observed which could be explained by a combination of 

thermal history, surface chemistry and thermal conductivity. Viscoelastic behaviour of both uncured and cured specimens 

filled with carbon black exhibits a strain-dependent behaviour. Storage modulus (G') and damping factor (tans) significantly 

increase with increasing carbon black loading and/or specific surface area. Mechanical properties are found to be governed by 

combined effects of hydrodynamic effect, filler transient network, molecular slippage and crosslink density, associated 

probably with black dispersion particularly at high black loading. The overall results imply a close correlation of viscoelastic 

and mechanical properties via energy dissipation process (or hysteretic process) caused by molecular slippage. 

No.1718 

Author (s) : Worachartcheewan, A., Nantasenamat, C., Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya, C., Pidetcha, P., Prachayasittikul, V. 

Title : Identification of metabolic syndrome using decision tree analysis 

Source : Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, Volume 90, Issue 1, October 2010, Pages e15-e18 


Keywords : Cardiovascular diseases; Data mining; Decision tree; Diabetes; Health status; Metabolic syndrome 

Abstract : This study employs decision tree as a decision support system for rapid and automated identification of individuals with 

metabolic syndrome (MS) among a Thai population. Results demonstrated strong predictivity of the decision tree in 

classification of individuals with and without MS, displaying an overall accuracy in excess of 99%. © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. 

626


No.1719 

Author (s) : Worachartcheewan, A., Nantasenamat, C., Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya, C., Pidetcha, P., Prachayasittikul, V. 

Title : Lower BMI cutoff for assessing the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Thai population 

Source : Acta Diabetologica, Volume 47, Issue SUPPL. 1, December 2010, Pages S91-S96 


Keywords : BMI; Cardiovascular disease; Diabetes; IDF; Metabolic syndrome 

Abstract : This article investigates the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and the benefits of lowered body mass index (BMI) cutoff 

point for assessing MS prevalence in a large, nationally representative population sample comprising of 15,365 Thai adults 

from metropolitan Bangkok who received annual checkup. Prevalence of MS was characterized using the International 

Diabetes Federation criteria and BMI 25 kg/m2 as cutoff revealed that 26.63% of male and 14.90% of female subjects had MS 

and the prevalence was age dependent. Traditional BMI cutoff of 30 kg/m2 underestimated MS prevalence in Thai population 

while BMI 25 kg/m2 was found to be a suitable solution. Common combinations of MS components were identified in order 

to find common occurrences that may be implicated in the development of diabetes and/or cardiovascular diseases. © 2009 


No.1720 

Author (s) : Worasuwannarak, S., Pornratanarangsi, S. 

Title : Prediction of contrast-induced nephropathy in diabetic patients undergoing elective cardiac catheterization or PCI: role of 

volume-to-creatinine clearance ratio and iodine dose-to-creatinine clearance ratio. 



Keywords : contrast medium, creatinine, iodine, topical antiinfective agent; aged, angiocardiography, area under the 

curve, article, blood, chemically induced disorder, diabetic angiopathy, dose response, female, heart 

catheterization, human, incidence, kidney disease, male, methodology, middle aged, postoperative period, prediction and 

forecasting, prospective study, risk factor, transluminal coronary angioplasty, treatment outcome; Aged, Aged, 80 and 

over, Angioplasty, Transluminal, Percutaneous Coronary, Anti-Infective Agents, Local, Area Under Curve, Contrast 

Media, Coronary Angiography, Creatinine, Diabetic Angiopathies, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Heart 

Catheterization, Humans, Incidence, Iodine, Kidney Diseases, Male, Middle Aged, Postoperative Period, Predictive Value of 

Tests, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Treatment Outcome 

Abstract : OBJECTIVE: To assess a role of volume-to-creatinine clearance ratio (V/CrCl) and iodine dose-to-creatinine clearance ratio (Idose/CrCl) 

in predicting contrast- induced nephropathy (CIN) in diabetic patients undergoing elective cardiac catheterization or 

percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). BACKGROUND: In diabetic patients undergoing cardiac catheterization or PCI, the 

incidence of CIN is higher than in non-diabetic patients. High doses of contrast media also increase the likelihood of renal 

dysfunction. The ratio of the volume of contrast media to creatinine clearance (V/CrCl) and iodine dose-to-creatinine 

clearance (I-dose/CrCl) has been shown to correlate with the area under the curve of contrast media concentration over time 

and was used to predict the occurrence of CIN in unselected patients. No study has been conducted specifically in diabetic 

patients undergoing cardiac catheterization or PCI before. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We conducted a prospective, single center 

study. The V/CrCl and I-dose/CrCl were calculated in diabetic patients undergoing elective cardiac catheterization or PCI. An 

increase in serum creatinine of > 0.5 mg/dl or > 25% by 7 days from baseline was considered CIN. The incidence of CIN was 

determined. The predictive value of V/CrCl and I-dose/CrCl for CIN were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. 

RESULTS: The total number of patients that had been enrolled in the study was 248; Male 50.8%. The overall incidence of 

CIN was 5.2%. The mean age for the entire population was 65 +/- 9 years; the mean body mass index was 25.6 +/- 4.0 kg/m2; 

and the mean creatinine clearance was 60.6 +/- 27.4 ml/min. The mean values of V/CrCl for patients with and without CIN 

were 3.7 +/- 2.9 and 2.2 +/- 1.7 (p = 0.041). The mean values of I-dose/CrCl for patients with and without CIN were 1.31 +/- 

0.94 and 0.82 +/- 0.63 (p = 0.042). The receiver-operator characteristic curve analysis indicated that a V/CrCl ratio of 2.60 and 

I-dose/CrCl of 0.98 were fair predictors of CIN. After adjusting for other known predictors of CIN, a V/CrCl ratio > or = 2.60 

remained the only significant predictor of CIN (Odds ratio 5.8; 95% confidence interval 1.7-19.4, p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: A 

V/CrCl ratio > or = 2.60 was a significant predictor of CIN in diabetic patients undergoing elective cardiac catheterization or 

PCI. 

No.1721 

Author (s) : Woravutrangkul, S., Jarungjitaree, S., Sritara, C., Vachalathiti, R., Chuaychoo, B. 

627


Title : Efficacy of pursed lips breathing with forced expiration techniques and active cycle of breathing technique on pulmonary 

mucus clearance in healthy subjects 

Source : Journal of Physical Therapy Science, Volume 22, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 247-254 


Keywords : Active cycle of breathing technique; Pursed lips breathing with forced expiration techniques; Radioaerosol tracer technique 

Abstract : [Purpose] To investigate the efficacy of pursed lips breathing with forced expiration techniques (PLB & FETs) and the active 

cycle of breathing technique (ACBT) on pulmonary mucus clearance in healthy subjects. [Methods] Three healthy subjects 

volunteered for the study. Pulmonary mucus clearance was measured over 70 minutes on three different days by a 

radioaerosol technique. Each subject attended three sessions, one each of control (normal breathing), PLB & FETs and ACBT. 

[Results] The efficacy of both airway clearance techniques was similar, but better than that of normal breathing. In the central 

lung zone, PLB & FETs demonstrated a slight enhancement of mucus clearance as compared with ACBT and normal 

breathing. In the intermediate and peripheral zones, PLB & FETs and ACBT resulted in a relatively high mucus clearance as 

compared with normal breathing. Overall mucus clearance of normal lungs was remarkably improved by PLB & FETs and 

ACBT. [Conclusion] Enhanced mucus clearance in healthy subjects, particularly in the intermediate and peripheral lung zone, 

can be achieved by PLB & FETs and ACBT. 

No.1722 

Author (s) : Worawongvasu, R., Songkampol, K. 

Title : Fibro-osseous lesions of the jaws: An analysis of 122 cases in Thailand 

Source : Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Volume 39, Issue 9, October 2010, Pages 703-708 


Keywords : clinicopathologic feature; fibro-osseous lesion; jaws; relative frequency; Thailand 

Abstract : Background: There are no previously published reports on fibro-osseous jaw lesions in Thailand. The aims of this study were 

to determine the relative frequencies and the clinicopathologic features of these lesions in Thailand, and to compare these 

data with information available in the literature. Methods: A total of 122 cases of fibro-osseous lesions of the jaws, out of a 

total of 4808 biopsy specimens, were collected from the files of the Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, 

Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, during a 34-year period from 1973 to 2006. Clinical data and histopathologic diagnoses 

were reviewed and analyzed. Results: The most common was ossifying fibroma (50.8%), followed by fibrous dysplasia (42.6%). 

Ossifying fibroma most frequently occurred in the third and fourth decades of life (61.3%) and mostly involved the posterior 

region of the mandible (41.9%). Fibrous dysplasia was mostly seen in the second decade of life (40.4%). The maxilla was 

involved far more often than the mandible (53.8% and 6.2%, respectively), most common in the posterior region of the 

maxilla (28.8%). Both lesions presented as painless swellings (62.9% and 90.4%, respectively). Radiographically, ossifying 

fibroma mostly was mixed radiolucent-radiopacity (45.2%). Fibrous dysplasia mostly appeared as a radiopaque lesion (34.6%). 

Conclusions: The relative frequency of osseous dysplasia is underestimated because most lesions are not treated and the 

patients are kept under long-term follow-up without biopsy. The clinicopathologic features of ossifying fibroma and fibrous 

dysplasia in Thailand are identical to those in the literature. © 2010 The Authors. Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine © 

2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. 

No.1723 

Author (s) : Wutthisathapornchai, A.; Boonsaen, T.; Wallace, J. C.; Jitrapakdee, S. 

Title : Identification of the Glucose Responsive Element(s) That Mediates Transcription Regulation of Rat Pyruvate Carboxylase. 

Source : ENDOCRINE REVIEWS, Volume: 31, Issue: 3, Supplement: 1, Published: JUN 2010 




No.1724 

Author (s) : Wynne, A. 

Title : The Buddha's skill in means and the genesis of the five aggregate teaching winner of the 2nd professor Mary Boyce award 

Source : Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Volume 20, Issue 2, April 2010, Pages 191-216 



628


Abstract : The problem tackled in this article is ambitious. Through examination of how certain fundamental teachings of the Buddha 

originated - the author argues that those teachings must indeed go back to the Buddha himself. Thus the author builds a 

chain of argument which creates hypothetical links rather than declaring a priori that links and connection cannot be 

established. This article argues that the Alagaddpama Sutta, an important early Buddhist text, portrays the Buddha in the 

process of formulating his thoughts. If so it contradicts the myth that the Buddha awakened to the entire Buddhist Dharma on 

one occasion, and should be dated to the fourth century bce. Such an antiquity, and peculiar didactic structure suggests that 

the text contains authentic teachings of the Buddha. © 2010 The Royal Asiatic Society. 

No.1725 

Author (s) : Wynne, A. 

Title : WHAT THE BUDDHA THOUGHT 

Source : JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY, Volume: 20, Pages: 395-404, Part: Part 3, Published: JUL 2010 

Document Type : Book Review 



No.1726 

Author (s) : Yafa, C., Srithongtim, S., Phukphatthanachai, P., Thiparuk, A., Sudsiri, N., Rojanapantip, L., Uraroongroj, M., Kluengklangdon, P., 

Jaengkarnkit, P., Sirisuthanant, K., Thonglue, C., Pimma, T., Pengpreecha, P., Fortune, T.J., Zwicker, R., Permnamtip, V., 

Laoharojanaphnad, S., Suanmamuang, B., Shiowatana, J., Waiyawat, W., Siripinyanond, A., Judprasong, K., Boonsong, B., 

Talaluck, S., Cherdchu, C. 

Title : New reference material for analysis of elements in glutinous rice produced at the National Institute of Metrology (Thailand) 

Source : Accreditation and Quality Assurance, Volume 15, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages 223-231 


Keywords : Elements; Inorganic analysis; Reference material; Rice 

Abstract : Reference materials play an important role for evaluating the accuracy of analytical results, and are essential parts of good 

laboratory practice. They represent a key tool for quality control of chemical analyses. In Thailand, the demand of food and 

environmental reference materials is constantly increasing, and the National Institute of Metrology (NIMT, Thailand) is 

responding to the urgent needs for affordable materials, which require collaborative efforts at the national level. This paper 

describes the preparation of a new glutinous rice reference material, along with homogeneity and stability studies and the 

analytical work carried out for the certification of the contents of inorganic elements. The incurred material was collected 

from an actual rice paddy field. Material preparation along with homogeneity and stability testing were carried out at the 

Environmental Research Training Centre (ERTC). The homogeneity study was designed to have three experimental conditions; 

(A) 10 bottles of candidate materials being analyzed each with 2 replicates, (B) 20 bottles with 2 replicates, (C) 10 bottles with 

7 replicates, in order to study the suitable treatments for homogeneity testing in the reference material production. It was 

shown that a minimum number of 10 bottles with duplicate analyses are enough to demonstrate the homogeneity of 

candidate reference material. Certification of a candidate reference material in a single laboratory using reference method 

was confirmed with an interlaboratory comparison participated by a certain number of well recognized testing laboratories in 

Thailand. Further elaborative results will be discussed. © Springer-Verlag 2009. 

No.1727 

Author (s) : Yamborisut, U., Sakamoto, N., Wimonpeerapattana, W., Tontisirin, K. 

Title : Waist circumference and body fat distribution indexes as screening tools for the overweight and obesity in Thai preschool 

children 

Source : Obesity Research and Clinical Practice, Volume 4, Issue 4, October-December 2010, Pages e307-e314 


Keywords : Body mass index; Preschool children; Thai; Total body fat; Trunk skinfold; Waist circumference 

Abstract : Background: Evidence shows that waist circumference (WC) is one reliable index to predict abdominal obesity in children. This 

study aims to examine the relationship of WC to other anthropometric indexes and to determine the ability of WC as obesity 

screening tool. Subjects: 811, 5-6 years old children in Saraburi province, central region of Thailand. Methods: Anthropometric 

measurements were performed in children; 406 boys and 405 girls. WC measurement was performed at the umbilicus level. 

Subcutaneous skinfold was measured on subscapular, suprailiac and abdominal regions. Total body fat was measured with 

629


bioelectrical impedance analyzer. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was employed to determine WC cut-offs for 

predicting obesity in children. Results: WC highly correlated with weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) (r = 0.92-0.94, p = 0.01), 

body mass index (BMI) (r = 0.95-0.96, p = 0.01), trunk skinfold (r = 0.92-0.93, p = 0.01) and total body fat (r = 0.94-0.95, p = 

0.01) for both genders. Based on Thai national reference, the optimal WC cut-offs for predicting obesity were 59.6 cm for boys 

and 60.5 cm for girls. When IOTF-BMI was employed as reference, WC thresholds were 64.4 cm for boys and 63.1 cm for girls. 

The latter WC cut-offs provided the slightly underestimated obesity prevalence compared with national reference. 

Conclusion: The strongly positive correlation between WC and weight-height based index and between WC and body fat in 

Thai preschool children suggests that WC should be the additional index for obesity screening in young children. Further 

study needs to explore the association between the increased WC and other adverse health outcomes. © 2010 Asian 

Oceanian Association for the Study of Obesity. 

No.1728 

Author (s) : Yanatatsaneeji, P., Kitkumthorn, N., Dhammawipark, C., Rabalert, J., Patel, V., Mutirangura, A. 

Title : Codon72 polymorphism in the p53 tumor suppressor gene in oral lichen planus lesions in a Thai population 



Keywords : Apoptosis; Oral lichen planus; p53 codon 72; Polymorphism 

Abstract : Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T-cell mediated autoimmune disease in which autocytotoxic CD8+ T cells (CTLs) 

trigger apoptosis of oral epithelial cells. Activated CTLs can produce Fas ligand and by binding to Fas lead to apoptosis. This 

Fas pathway and the action of p53 tumour suppressor gene are important in producing apoptosis. Current data demonstrate 

a link between these two factors at the transcriptional level. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the p53 

polymorphism at codon 72 which results in encoding of either proline or arginine. Methods: Our study used 97 OLP cases and 

94 control blood samples from non-OLP individuals and performed PCR-RFLP. Results: Compared to control individuals, we 

found a significant increase in occurrence in OLP patients of the proline encoding cytosine allele (adjusted odd ratio (95% 

CI)=2.29 (1.42-3.70) and p=0.001). In addition, in individuals with the non-erosive type of OLP, the same situation was evident 

(OR=2.29, 95% CI (1.38-3.78), p=0.001). Furthermore, we noted a significantly higher prevalence of homozygosity [OR=3.17, 

95% CI(1.58-7.25), p=0.001) for the p53 pro allele in the OLP group, which indicates a recessive mode of inheritance. 

Conclusion: Our data suggest a strong association between the pro/pro genotype and OLP, and that the process of apoptosis, 

in which p53 plays a role, is a factor in OLP pathogenesis. 

No.1729 

Author (s) : Yap, Y.-K., Smith, D.R. 

Title : Strategies for the plant-based expression of dengue subunit vaccines 

Source : Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry, Volume 57, Issue 2, October 2010, Pages 47-53 


Keywords : Biofactory; Chloroplast expression system; Dengue; Plant-based expression; Transient expression; Vaccine 

Abstract : Despite significant efforts in many countries, there is still no commercially viable dengue vaccine. Currently, attention is 

focused on the development of either live attenuated vaccines or live attenuated chimaeric vaccines using a variety of 

backbones. Alternate vaccine approaches, such as whole inactivated virus and subunit vaccines are in the early stages of 

development, and are each associated with different problems. Subunit vaccines offer the advantage of providing a uniform 

antigen of well-defined nature, without the added risk of introducing any genetic material into the person being inoculated. 

Preliminary trials of subunit vaccines (using dengue E protein) in rhesus monkeys have shown promising results. However, the 

primary disadvantages of dengue subunit vaccines are the low levels of expression of dengue proteins in mammalian or 

insect cells, as well as the added unknown risks of antigens produced from mammalian cells containing other potential 

sources of contamination. In the past two decades, plants have emerged as an alternative platform for expression of 

biopharmaceutical products, including antigens of bacterial, fungal or viral origin. In the present minireview, we highlight the 

current plant expression technologies used for expression of biopharmaceutical products, with an emphasis on plants as a 

production system for dengue subunit vaccines. © 2010 Portland Press Limited. 

No.1730 

Author (s) : Yingchoncharoen, T., Limpijankit, T., Jongjirasiri, S., Laothammatas, J., Yamwong, S., Sritara, P. 

630


Title : Does arterial stiffness contribute to coronary artery disease risk prediction beyond the traditional risk score (RAMA-EGAT 

score)? 

Source : EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL, Volume: 31, Pages: 1026-1027, Supplement: 1, Published: SEP 2010 




No.1731 

Author (s) : Yiu, C.C.P., Chanplakorn, N., Chan, M.S.M., Loo, W.T.Y., Chow, L.W.C., Toi, M., Hironobu, S. 

Title : Down-regulation of heat-shock protein 70 (HSP-70) correlated with responsiveness to neoadjuvant aromatase inhibitor therapy 

in breast cancer patients 

Source : Anticancer Research, Volume 30, Issue 9, September 2010, Pages 3465-3472 


Keywords : Aromatase inhibitor; Breast cancer; Heat-shock protein 70; Ki-67; Neoadjuvant 

Abstract : Background: Aromatase inhibitor (AI) has been established as an effective endocrine therapy in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive 

postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Our recent proteomic analysis demonstrated that ten proteins were significantly 

altered in their expression levels before and after the therapy in the patients receiving neoadjuvant AI. Among these newly 

identified proteins, heat-shock protein 70 (HSP-70) was the most significantly correlated with both clinical and pathological 

responses. Therefore, in this study, we further evaluated the significance of this HSP-70 alteration using 

immunohistochemistry. Materials and Methods: A total of 32 patients treated with neoadjuvant exemestane or letrozole in 

whom pre- and post-treatment tumor tissues were available were included. Immunohistochemical evaluation of ER, 

progesterone receptor (PgR), Her-2, Ki-67 and HSP-70 was performed. Results obtained were compared to both clinical and 

biological responses of the patients. Results: The majority of the patients responded to treatment (16 patients with partial 

response, 14 with stable disease and 2 with progressive disease). The means of ER, Ki-67 and HSP-70 were significantly 

different between treatment responders and non-responders. Decrement of HSP-70 and Ki-67 after AI treatment and 

pretreatment Ki-67 labeling index of >10% tumor cells were significantly associated with clinical responsiveness to AI 

treatment (p


Abstract : ZnO nanoparticle-nanowire (NP-NW) array hybrid photoanodes for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) with NW arrays to serve as a 

direct pathway for fast electron transport and NPs dispersed between NWs to offer a high specific surface area for sufficient 

dye adsorption has been fabricated and investigated to improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE). The overall PCE of the 

ZnO hybrid photoanode DSC with the N3-sensitized has reached ∼4.2%, much higher than both ∼1.58% of ZnO NW DSC 

and ∼1.31% of ZnO NP DSC, prepared and tested under otherwise identical conditions. © 2010 American Institute of Physics. 

No.1734 

Author (s) : Yodyingyong, S., Zhou, X., Zhang, Q., Triampo, D., Xi, J., Park, K., Limketkai, B., Cao, G. 

Title : Enhanced photovoltaic performance of nanostructured hybrid solar cell using highly oriented TiO2 nanotubes 

Source : Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Volume 114, Issue 49, 16 December 2010, Pages 21851-21855 


Keywords : Electron transfer, Fill factor, Hybrid solar cells, Identical conditions, Nano-structured, Photovoltaic performance, Power 

conversion efficiencies, Reactive deposition, TiO, ZnO nanorod; Conversion efficiency, Nanorods, Nanotubes, Open circuit 

voltage, Solar power generation, Zinc oxide; Solar cells 

Abstract : Highly oriented TiO2 nanotubes have been fabricated using ZnO nanorod template through liquid reactive deposition on the 

ITO substrates. The diameter and length of TiO2 nanotubes can be effectively controlled for the suitable use for a hybrid 

solar cell by varying the diameter and length of the ZnO nanorod template. A mixture of P3HT/PCBM was infiltrated into the 

gaps between TiO2 nanotubes to form hybrid solar cells. The open circuit voltage, short circuit current density, fill factor, and 

power conversion efficiency of the hybrid solar cell using highly oriented TiO 2 nanotubes were 646 mV, 9.95 mA cm-2, 

51.6%, and 3.32%, respectively, much higher than 1.2% of hybrid solar cell based on ZnO nanorods tested under otherwise 

identical conditions and significantly higher than 0.7% of the same type hybrid solar cells reported in literature. The 

enhancement of the power conversion efficiency could be resulted from the highly oriented TiO2 nanotubes with smaller 

diameter and large specific surface area for the efficient electron transfer in hybrid solar cells. © 2010 American Chemical 

Society. 

No.1735 

Author (s) : Yojina, J., Ngamsaad, W., Nuttavut, N., Triampo, D., Lenbury, Y., Kanthang, P., Sriyab, S., Triampo, W. 

Title : Investigating flow patterns in a channel with complex obstacles using the lattice Boltzmann method 

Source : Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, Volume 24, Issue 10, October 2010, Pages 2025-2034 


Keywords : Flow pattern; Lattice Boltzmann method; Strouhal number; Von Karman vortex street 

Abstract : In this work, mesoscopic modeling via a computational lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is used to investigate the flow 

pattern phenomena and the physical properties of the flow field around one and two square obstacles inside a twodimensional 

channel with a fixed blockage ratio, β=1/4, centered inside a 2D channel, for a range of Reynolds numbers (Re) 

from 1 to 300. The simulation results show that flow patterns can initially exhibit laminar flow at low Re and then make a 

transition to periodic, unsteady, and, finally, turbulent flow as the Re get higher. Streamlines and velocity profiles and a 

vortex shedding pattern are observed. The Strouhal numbers are calculated to characterize the shedding frequency and flow 

dynamics. The effect of the layouts or configurations of the obstacles are also investigated, and the possible connection 

between the mixing process and the appropriate design of a chemical mixing system is discussed. © 2010 The Korean Society 

of Mechanical Engineers and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. 

No.1736 

Author (s) : Yojina, J., Ngamsaad, W., Nuttavut, N., Triampo, D., Lenbury, Y., Triampo, W., Kanthang, P., Sriyab, S. 

Title : More realistic model for simulating min protein dynamics: Lattice Boltzmann method incorporating the role of nucleoids 

Source : International Journal of Computational and Mathematical Sciences, Volume 4, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 177-182 


Keywords : Cell division; Lattice Boltzmann method; Min proteins oscillation; Nucleoid 

Abstract : The dynamics of Min proteins plays a center role in accurate cell division. Although the nucleoids may presumably play an 

important role in prokaryotic cell division, there is a lack of models to account for its participation. In this work, we apply the 

lattice Boltzmann method to investigate protein oscillation based on a mesoscopic model that takes into account the 

nucleoid's role. We found that our numerical results are in reasonably good agreement with the previous experimental results 

On comparing with the other computational models without the presence of nucleoids, the highlight of our finding is that the 

632


local densities of MinD and MinE on the cytoplasmic membrane increases, especially along the cell width, when the size of 

the obstacle increases, leading to a more distinct cap-like structure at the poles. This feature indicated the realistic pattern 

and reflected the combination of Min protein dynamics and nucleoid's role. 

No.1737 

Author (s) : Yokthongwattana, K., Sriariyanun, M., Ekaratcharoenchai, P., Svasti, J. 

Title : Characterization of fatty acids and proteins associated with the xanthophyll-enriched membrane fraction isolated from the 

thylakoid membranes of irradiance-stressed Dunaliella salina 

Source : Journal of Applied Phycology, Volume 22, Issue 2, April 2010, Pages 147-155 


Keywords : Dunaliella salina; Irradiance stress; Membrane fractionation; Xanthophyll; Zeaxanthin 

Abstract : It has been previously reported that a considerable amount of lutein and zeaxanthin could be fractionated, upon mild 

detergent treatment, from the thylakoid membranes of irradiance-stressed unicellular green alga, Dunaliella salina, into a 

yellow pellet fraction. Such membrane pellet was found to be devoid of chlorophylls and any known proteins of 

photosynthesis but rather contained a significant amount of unknown polypeptides. It was speculated that this xanthophyllrich 

membrane pellet might originate from incomplete solubilization of the photoinhibited thylakoids by weak surfactants, 

due to extra rigidity imposed by the xanthophylls being directly imbedded into the lipid bilayer. In this study, we further 

characterized this membrane fraction by studying its associated proteins and fatty acid composition. Analysis by gas 

chromatography-mass spectrometry indicated that this yellow pellet membrane was enriched in saturated fatty acids, 

supporting the rigidity notion of the pellet. Protein identification by MALDI-TOF MS further revealed that at least 20 watersoluble 

proteins were found in association with this pellet. These proteins may originate from unspecific contamination of 

abundant polypeptides co-precipitated with the membrane upon fractionation. Possible explanations regarding the nature of 

this xanthophyll-rich membrane are also discussed. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 

No.1738 

Author (s) : Yong, H.-H., Foong, K., Borland, R., Omar, M., Hamann, S., Sirirassamee, B., Fong, G.T., Fotuhi, O., Hyland, A. 

Title : Support for and reported compliance among smokers with smoke-free policies in air-conditioned hospitality venues in 

Malaysia and Thailand: Findings from the international tobacco control Southeast Asia survey 

Source : Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health, Volume 22, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 98-109 


Keywords : Air-conditioned hospitality venues; Compliance; Restaurants; Smoke-free policy; Support 

Abstract : This study examined support for and reported compliance with smoke-free policy in air-conditioned restaurants and other 

similar places among adult smokers in Malaysia and Thailand. Baseline data (early 2005) from the International Tobacco 

Control Southeast Asia Survey (ITC-SEA), conducted face-to-face in Malaysia and Thailand (n = 4005), were used. Among those 

attending venues, reported total smoking bans in indoor air-conditioned places such as restaurants, coffee shops, and karaoke 

lounges were 40% and 57% in Malaysia and Thailand, respectively. Support for a total ban in air-conditioned venues was high 

and similar for both countries (82% Malaysian and 90% Thai smokers who believed there was a total ban), but self-reported 

compliance with bans in such venues was significantly higher in Thailand than in Malaysia (95% vs 51%, P < .001). As 

expected, reporting a ban in air-conditioned venues was associated with a greater support for a ban in such venues in both 

countries. © 2010 APJPH. 

No.1739 

Author (s) : Yoopetch, C. 

Titel : The model of knowledge acquisition: The study of SMEs in the thai hospitality industry 

Source : Proceedings of World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, Volume 66, June 2010, Pages 351-354 


Keywords : Information technology support; Knowledge acquisition; Social network; Teamworking 

Abstract : The main purpose of this research was to test the model of knowledge acquisition. This study emphasized the knowledge 

management activities in the aspects of knowledge acquisition. In addition, the unit of analysis was the Small and Medium 

Enterprises (SMEs) in the hospitality industry in Thailand, providing more in-depth understanding about how SMEs acquired 

knowledge. There were four factors affecting knowledge acquisition, including information technology support, teamworking, 

social network and internal communication. The findings indicated that social network and teamworking had high influence 

633


on knowledge acquisition respectively. The suggestions and directions for future research in the areas of knowledge 

management were also discussed. 

No.1740 

Author (s) : Yoovathaworn, K., Satethasilnuchai, K., Sirivarasai, J., Kaojarern, S. 

Title : Linking exposure to environmental pollutants with oxidative stress in Bangkok bus drivers 

Source : DRUG METABOLISM REVIEWS Volume: 42 Pages: 247-248 Supplement: 1 Published: AUG 2010 




No.1741 

Author (s) : Yoswathana, N., Eshtiaghi, M.N., Ebadi, A.G. 

Title : Extraction of adenosine from Ganoderma lucidum using novel extraction technologies 

Source : Asian Journal of Chemistry Volume 22, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 2349-2355 


Keywords : Adenosine; Ganoderma lucidum; High hydrostatic pressure extraction; Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction; Ultrasonic 

assisted extraction 

Abstract : The aim of this research is to extract adenosine from Ganoderma lucidum (GL) using novel extraction techniques, including 

high hydrostatic pressure (HHP), ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE), supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO2) in comparison with 

maceration and Soxhlet. The results showed that the highest adenosine extraction could be achieved using HHP (1.86 mg/g 

dry sample at 2000 bar, 60 °C sample to solvent ratio of 1:60 and very short extraction time of 5 min) followed by Soxhlet 

(1.77 mg/g dry sample, 3 h extraction time). The effect of pressure and temperature during supercritical carbon dioxide 

extraction of adenosine were distinct at pressure higher than 400 bar and moderate temperature (0.40 mg/g dry sample at 

500 bar and 60 °C). The combination of maceration and ultrasonic at moderate temperature (60 °C) improved the 

extractability of adenosine up 1.01 mg/g dry sample. 

No.1742 

Author (s) : Yu, Ho Khek; Lakhtakia, S.; Leong, Ang Tiing; Vu, C. K. F.; Shin, J.; Frederick, D. Y.; Heng, Chong Vui; Akaraviputh, T.; Kongkam, P.; 

Khor, C.; Mesenas, S.; Tan, J.; Kumar, R.; Chian, Lim Wee; Doshi, Bhavesh Kishor; Omar, S.; Sachitanandan, S.; Abraham, G.; 

Kitiyakara, T.; Rantachu, T.; Philips, M.; Wong, J. 

Title : Does endoscopic ultrasound influence the management of pancreatic cystic lesions? An Asian multicentre study 

Source : JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY Volume: 25 Pages: A24-A24 Supplement: 2 Published: SEP 2010 




No.1743 

Author (s) : Zembowicz, A., Mandal, R.V., Choopong, P. 

Title : Melanocytic lesions of the conjunctiva 

Source : Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Volume 134, Issue 12, December 2010, Pages 1785-1792 


Keywords : tumor marker; article, cell proliferation, classification, conjunctiva tumor, human, melanocyte, melanoma, melanosis, 

metabolism, nevus, pathology; Cell Proliferation, Conjunctival Neoplasms, Humans, Melanocytes, Melanoma, Melanosis, 

Nevus, Tumor Markers, Biological 

Abstract : Context: Melanocytic proliferations are among the most common neoplasms of the conjunctiva. They often represent 

challenging lesions for pathologists unfamiliar with unique histologic features of melanocytic proliferations in this location and 

with nomenclature used by ophthalmologists. Objective: To comprehensively review clinical aspects, pathologic features, and 

management of melanocytic proliferations of the conjunctiva. Data Sources: Review of the literature and personal experience 

of the authors. Conclusions: Classification, state of the art, and practical aspects of pathology of melanocytic proliferations of 

the conjunctiva are discussed. 

634


No.1744 

Author (s) : Zhai, D.-D., Supaibulwatana, K., Zhong, J.-J. 

Title : Inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in 95-D lung cancer cells by Drimartol A from hairy root 

cultures of Artemisia annua 

Source : Latin American Journal of Pharmacy, Volume 29, Issue 7, 2010, Pages 1159-1165 


Keywords : Apoptosis; Artemisia annua; Cytotoxicity; Plant hairy root culture; Sesquiterpene courmarin ether 

Abstract : Drimartol A (DA), a sesquiterpene courmarin ether, was isolated from the cultured hairy roots of A. annua for the first time, 

and no biological activity of DA has ever been reported. In this work, DA was shown to possess interesting cytotoxic activities 

against the human tumor cell lines of HO8910 (ovary), 95-D (lung), QGY (liver) and HeLa (cervix) by MTT assay, whose IC50 

values were ranged within 17.94-22.3 μM for 24h. Given that treatment of lung cancer is a priority of our interest, induction of 

apoptosis by DA in the human lung tumor cell line 95-D was focused. The 95-D cell growth was inhibited in a time 

dependent manner and its cell cycle was arrested in the G2 phase by DA. The apoptotic rate of the cells increased in a dosedependent 

manner. DA also increased the activity of caspase-9 and -3 and caused a decrease in the mitochondrial 

membrane potential. These results revealed that DA could efficiently induce 95-D cell apoptosis through mitochondrial 

dependent pathway, and it may be a potential chemotherapeutic agent. 

No.1745 

Author (s) : Zhai, D.-D., Supaibulwatana, K., Zhong, J.-J. 

Title : Inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in human lung carcinoma 95-D cells by a new sesquiterpene 

from hairy root cultures of Artemisia annua 

Source : Phytomedicine, Volume 17, Issue 11, September 2010, Pages 856-861 


Keywords : Apoptosis; Artemisia annua; Cytotoxicity; Plant hairy root culture; Sesquiterpenoid 

Abstract : Artemisia annua is a rich source of many bioactive substances, and in our recent work, a new sesquiterpene, (Z)-7-acetoxymethyl-11-methyl-3-methylene-dodeca-1,6,10-triene 

(AMDT), was isolated and identified from hairy roots culture of A. annua, 

and its bioactivity was characterized in this work. AMDT showed moderate cytotoxic activities against the human tumor cell 

lines of HO8910 (ovary), 95-D (lung), QGY (liver) and HeLa (cervix) by MTT assay, whose IC50 values were ranged within 52.44- 

73.3μM. As lung cancer is the No. 1 killer of global cancer patients, our interest is to investigate the ability of AMDT in 

inducing apoptosis of 95-D tumor cells. The 95-D cell growth was inhibited by AMDT, and the flow cytometry analysis showed 

its cell cycle was arrested in the G1 phase. The apoptotic rate of the cells increased in a dose-dependent manner. AMDT 

lowered the mitochondrial membrane potential and increased the expression of caspase-9 and -3. These results revealed 

that AMDT could efficiently induce 95-D cell apoptosis through mitochondrial dependent pathway, and it may be a potential 

chemotherapeutic agent. © 2010 Elsevier GmbH. 

No.1746 

Author (s) : Zhong, Y., Krisanapun, C., Lee, S.-H., Nualsanit, T., Sams, C., Peungvicha, P., Baek, S.J. 

Title : Molecular targets of apigenin in colorectal cancer cells: Involvement of p21, NAG-1 and p53 

Source : European Journal of Cancer, Volume 46, Issue 18, December 2010, Pages 3365-3374 


Keywords : Apigenin; Colorectal cancer; NAG-1; p21; p53; PKCδ 

Abstract : Persuasive epidemiological and experimental evidence suggests that dietary flavonoids have anti-cancer activity. Since 

conventional therapeutic and surgical approaches have not been able to fully control the incidence and outcome of most 

cancer types, including colorectal neoplasia, there is an urgent need to develop alternative approaches for the management 

of cancer. We sought to develop the best flavonoids for the inhibition of cell growth, and apigenin (flavone) proved to be the 

most promising compound in colorectal cancer cell growth arrest. Subsequently, we found that pro-apoptotic proteins (NAG- 

1 and p53) and cell cycle inhibitor (p21) were induced in the presence of apigenin, and kinase pathways, including PKCδ and 

ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), play an important role in activating these proteins. The data generated by in vitro 

experiments were confirmed in an animal study using APC MIN+ mice. Apigenin is able to reduce polyp numbers, 

accompanied by increasing p53 activation through phosphorylation in animal models. Our data suggest apparent beneficial 

effects of apigenin on colon cancer. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 

635


No.1747 

Author (s) : Zhou, J., Li, P.C.K., Kumarasamy, N., Boyd, M., Chen, Y.M.A., Sirisanthana, T., Sungkanuparph, S., Oka, S., Tau, G., Phanuphak, P., 

Saphonn, V., Zhang, F.J., Omar, S.F.S., Lee, C.K.C., Ditangco, R., Merati, T.P., Lim, P.L., Choi, J.Y., Law, M.G., Pujari, S. 

Title : Deferred modification of antiretroviral regimen following documented treatment failure in Asia: Results from the TREAT Asia 

HIV Observational Database (TAHOD) 

Source : HIV Medicine, Volume 11, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 31-39 


Keywords : Antiretroviral treatment; Asia Pacific region; Observational cohort; Treatment failure 

Abstract : Objective: The aim of the study was to examine the rates and predictors of treatment modification following combination 

antiretroviral therapy (cART) failure in Asian patients with HIV enrolled in the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD). 

Methods: Treatment failure (immunological, virological and clinical) was defined by World Health Organization criteria. 

Countries were categorized as high or low income by World Bank criteria. Results: Among 2446 patients who initiated cART, 

447 were documented to have developed treatment failure over 5697 person-years (7.8 per 100 person-years). A total of 253 

patients changed at least one drug after failure (51.6 per 100 person-years). There was no difference between patients from 

high- and low-income countries [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.02; . P=0.891]. Advanced disease stage [Centers for Disease 

Control and Prevention (CDC) category C . vs. A; adjusted HR 1.38, . P=0.040], a lower CD4 count (≥51 cells/μL . vs. ≤50 

cells/μL; adjusted HR 0.61, . P=0.022) and a higher HIV viral load (≥400 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL . vs.


continues. The effect on long-term outcomes through the possible development of HIV drug resistance remains uncertain. © 

2010 Zhou et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 

637

Mahidol University Abstract of International Publications 2010

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