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8/1/2016 Exxon Confirmed Global Warming Consensus in 1982 with In-House Climate Models | InsideClimate News budget. In 2013, the United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change formally endorsed the idea. "The potential problem is great and urgent," Knisely wrote. "Too little is known at this time to recommend a major U.S. or worldwide change in energy type usage but it is very clear that immediate research is necessary." The report, which circulated within the company through the early 1980s, reflected Exxon's growing need to understand when the climate implications of increased CO2 emissions would begin to spur policy changes. So Exxon (now ExxonMobil) shelved an ambitious but costly program that sampled carbon dioxide in the oceans—the centerpiece of its climate research in the 1970s—as it created its own computerized climate models. The models aimed to simulate how the planet's climate system would react to rising CO2 levels, relying on a combination of mathematics, physics, and atmospheric science. Through much of the 1980s, Exxon researchers worked alongside university and government scientists to generate objective climate models that yielded papers published in peer-reviewed journals. Their work confirmed the emerging scientific consensus on global warming's risks. Yet starting in 1989, Exxon leaders went down a different road. They repeatedly argued that the uncertainty inherent in computer models makes them useless for important policy decisions. Even as the models grew more powerful and reliable, Exxon publicly derided the type of work its own scientists had done. The company continued its involvement with climate research, but its reputation for objectivity began to erode as it campaigned internationally to cast doubt on the science. Timeline 1977 i|i n 1111 [ 1111111 |i > Exxon: The Road Not Taken ExxonMobil Faces Heightened Risk of Climate Litigation, Its Critics Say I >4^1 •" * V . ... *> • : i- - •, ilTir vvrw-"- - • DOWNLOAD the e-book Exxon's Legacy of 'No": 25 Years of Rejecting Shareholders^ Climate Concerns Watch the video from FRONTUNE This eight-month InsideClimate News App. 527 https://insideclimatenews.org/news/18092015/exxorvconfirmed-global-warming-consensus-in-1982-with-in-house-climate-models 3/15
8/1/2016 Exxon Confirmed Global Warming Consensus in 1982 with In-House Climate Models | InsideCllmate News investigation details Exxon's early research into global warming, based on hundreds of pages of internal documents and interviews with former employees and scientists. The company declined to provide comment or answer questions for this article. Don't miss a single thing. Subscribe to InsideCllmate News. Want to see more work like this? DONATE | Brian Flannery. (Credit; ® Academia Engelberg Foundation) One scientist who crossed over from academia to Exxon Research was Brian Flannery, an associate professor of astronomy from Harvard and an expert in mathematical modeling. Flannery joined the company in 1980. At about the same time, Exxon hired Andrew Callegari, a mathematics professor at New York University. When the company shifted its focus to modeling in 1981, Callegari became head of the company's CO2 research, replacing Henry Shaw, who had steered the ocean sampling project. Callegari approached Martin Hoffert, an old colleague at NYU, to work with the Exxon team as a consultant on modeling. Hoffert jumped at the chance. He was already deeply concerned about the consequences of atmospheric carbon and saw the opportunity as an "all hands on deck" approach to heading off an environmental disaster. "We were all interested as geek scientists at the time," Hoffert, who is now retired, recalled in a recent interview. "There were no divisions, no agendas." App. 528 https://insideclimatenews.org/news/18092015/exxon-confirmed-global-warming-consensus-in-1982-with-in-house-climate-models 4/15
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COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS SUFFO
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9 Exxon webpage, Meeting global nee
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24 Exxon: The Road Not Taken series
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34 Justin Gillis & Clifford Krauss,
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54 Webpage for National Association
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COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS SUFFO
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https://web.archive.Org/web/2016060
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Than 12,500 Massachusetts Consumers
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David Hasemyer and John H. Cushman
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May 28, 2014, available https://www
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40. Attached to this affidavit as E
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50. Attached to this affidavit as E
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Perspectives, May 23, 2016, availab
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V— '> C0 2 GREENHOUSE AND CLIMATE
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PROJECTED CARBON DIOXIDE (AS CARBON
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PROJECTED CARBON DIOXIDE (AS CARBON
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CONCLUSIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS EPA i )
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GROWTH OF ATMOSPHERIC CO2 AND INSTA
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C0 2 GREENHOUSE AND CLIMATE ISSUES
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OUR NEXT TASK IS TO CONVERT THE AMO
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EXHIBIT 2 App. 300
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PARIS AGREEMENT The Parties to this
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(a) "Convention" means the United N
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8. In communicating their nationall
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Article 6 1. Parties recognize that
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Article 7 1. Parties hereby establi
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(e) Building the resilience of soci
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5. The Warsaw International Mechani
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5. Accelerating, encouraging and en
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4. The transparency arrangements un
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means of implementation and support
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8. The United Nations and its speci
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the organization and its member Sta
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Article 28 1. At any time after thr
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International Energy Agency ENERGY
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INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY The Int
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United States, which currently impo
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Trucks deliver a large share of oil
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If nuclear falls back, what takes i
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On bookshop International Energy Ag
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Managing the risks of exposure to f
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Managing the risks of exposure to f
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Distribution List: R. W. Cohen M. J
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- 2 - might rise the 0.5 needed to
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Energy and Carbon — Managing the
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2. World Energy Needs Keep Growing
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ExxonMobil believes that efficiency
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The cost limitations of renewables
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income. For example, by 2030 for th
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A "low carbon scenario" will impact
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In our operations, we apply a const
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technology can be up to 80 percent
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Such stress testing differs from al
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7. Capital Allocation ExxonMobil ma
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Lastly, we note that even when sens
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Appendix Topic Page Proved Reserves
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EXXONMOBIL RESOURCE BASE - AT DECEM
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EXXONMOBIL CAPEX OUTLOOK (1) Capex
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EXXONMOBIL PRODUCTION PRICES AND PR
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EXHIBIT 7 App. 382
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2 February 29, 2016 target. First;
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4 February 20! 2016 the power gener
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6 February 29, 2016 In addition, wh
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EXHIBIT 8 App. 390
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ExxonMobil's Energy Outlook Project
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Meeting global needs - managing cli
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— BUSINESS: Document trove detail
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Chase Bank to Pay $136 Million in N
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Ocwen to Provide $2.1 Billion in Re
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$470 Million State-Federal Settleme
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CitiGroup to Pay $7B Over Mortgage
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JPMorgan to Pay $13 Billion in Fede
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MoneyGram to Pay $13M Over Wire Tra
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AG Announces Major Award for 12,500
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NY A.G. Schneiderman, Massachusetts
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At a Cape Cod Landmark, a Strategic
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At a Cape Cod Landmark, a Strategic
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Climate change could have an even w
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Climate change could have an even w
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Summary for Policymakers Introducti
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Summary for Policymakers the past 1
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Summary for Policymakers Contributi
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Summary for Policymakers very likel
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Summary for Policymakers Multi-mode
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Summary for Policymakers RCP2.6 RCP
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Regional key risks and potential fo
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Summary for Policymakers Rural area
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Summary for Policymakers impacts in
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Summary for Policymakers Greater ra
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Summary for Policymakers Table SPM.
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Summary for Policymakers entail num
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8/1/2016 Exxon Made Deep Cuts in Cl
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8/1/2016 Exxon Made Deep Cuts in Cl
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8/1/2016 More Exxon Documents Show
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8/1/2016 Exxon's Oil Industry Peers
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InsideClimate News Is a Pulitzer Pr
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8/5/2016 References | ExxonMobil Ja
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tNERAI 114.1-ID -OFFICE CORRESPONDE
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DRAFT BED TO MEJO 1 L You asked abo
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Mr. A. M. Natkin - 2 - August 25, 1
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i 0763-L-RWC CO2 Climate Modeling R
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PROPRIETARY INFORMATION For Authori
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PROPRlcTAHY I'irORM, CXX'On Por Aut
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cl 798 - 3 - Figure 3 shows the car
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cl 7 98 A. No Limit on CO2 Emission
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l798 Table 1 C0 7 EMISSIONS lb CC^E
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l798 APPENDIX C CONSTRUCTION OF SCE
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Figure 1 MOST OF THE USSR'S VAST AG
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Figiirg a The Carbon Cycle Current
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App. 638
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funds and asset managers are starti
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concerns that some fossil fuels wil
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Really? ExxonMobil left the risk ou
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Joe Walker TO: CCJ Subject Otobal C
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V 2 Because the sdeuce xmdtrpinning
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4 Strategies and Tactics I. Nationa
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6 • The GCSDC will become a. one-
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Number of school teachers/students
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Status of Ratification Page 1 of 8
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Exxon Mobil Investigated for Possib
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A.G. Schneiderman, Former Vice Pres
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A.G, Schneiderman, Former Vice Pres
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(EongreaB nf States Mafil?ingtnn, S
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Edward Mar^y United States Senator
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19 senat Page 1 of 10 fueffix FREE
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EXHIBIT 41 App. 706
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2 (A) developed a sophisticated and
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4 1 (C) what they knew about the ha
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Where to buy motor oil products | M
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Gas Stations in Massachusetts, Unit
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Mobil Gas Station in Boston, Massac
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northeast and midwest assets Page 1
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Fuel Distribution and Retail Opport
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8/5/2016 FDFFX - Fidelity® Indepen
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Exxon Mobil's (XOM) CEO Rex Tillers
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NAAG I NAAG Center for Tobacco and
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PROPOSED EXXON RESEARCH PROGRAM TO
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W BUSINESS . , ' RATIONALE FOR EXXO
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DEFINITION App. 796 GREENHOUSE EFFE
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MAJORRESEARCH NEEDS PROBLEM AREA AT
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FLUX = (TRANSFER COEFFICIENT) X (DR
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C TANKER PROGRAM (CONTINUED) TANKER
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- S A L I N I T Y | . - P H , j - S
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INFORMATION YIELDS (CONTINUED) ? +
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PROPOSED PROGRAM - LAND BIOTA SAMPL
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GREENHOUSE EFFECT Develop backgroun
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Unleashing Innovation To Meet our E
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Our climate science histoiy | Exxon
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The truth about ExxonMobil and clim
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The coordinated attack on ExxonMobi
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ExxonMobil responds to state AGs -
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ExxonMobil to Hold Media Call on Ne
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