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Summary for Policymakers<br />

Table SPM.3 | Approaches for managing the risks of climate change through adaptation.These approaches should be considered overlapping rather than<br />

discrete, and they are often pursued simultaneously. Examples are presented in no specific order and can be relevant to more than one category. {Table 4.2)<br />

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Overlapping<br />

Approaches<br />

Category<br />

Human<br />

development<br />

Poverty alleviation<br />

Livelihood security<br />

Disaster risk<br />

management<br />

Ecosystem<br />

management<br />

Examples<br />

Improved access to education, nutrition, health facilities, energy, safe housing & settlement structures,<br />

& social <strong>support</strong> structures; Reduced gender inequality & marginalization in other forms.<br />

Improved access to & control of local resources; Land tenure; Disaster risk reduction; Social safety nets<br />

& social protection; Insurance schemes.<br />

Income, asset & livelihood diversification; Improved infrastructure; Access to technology & decisionmaking<br />

fora; Increased decision-making power; Changed cropping, livestock & aquaculture practices;<br />

Reliance on social networks.<br />

Early warning systems; Hazard & vulnerability mapping; Diversifying water resources; Improved<br />

drainage; Flood & cyclone shelters; Building codes & practices; Storm & wastewater management;<br />

Transport & road infrastructure improvements.<br />

Maintaining wetlands & urban green spaces; Coastal afforestation; Watershed & reservoir<br />

management; Reduction of other stressors on ecosystems & of habitat fragmentation; Maintenance<br />

of genetic diversity; Manipulation of disturbance regimes; Community-based natural resource<br />

management.<br />

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