Main Lines of treatment of diseases in farm animals

Main Lines of treatment 

of diseases 

in farm animals 

استاذ 

دكتور حامد عطية 

أمراض الباطنة ‏-كلية الطب البيطرى 

جامعة الزقازيق

عوامل النجاح 

قى عل ج حالة 

To Success in Treatment 

Correct 

Diagnosis 

Drug Used 

Dose 

& 

Route 

Duration

Main Line of Treatment 

Hyagenic Medical Supportive T

Main Lines of treatment-1 

of enteritis 

1-Anti-acid (systemic). 

2-Fluid therapy. 

3-Anti-inflammatory 

Clinical signs of diarrhea 

Calves are weak ,depressed ,anorexic 

Affected animals either recovered or die 

After five days. 

4-Antibiotic 

5-Antiparastic drugs 

6-Intestinal astringent 

and coating

Important Notes 

-1 

Appetite 

In Calf Scour 

Look on the animal 

not on the feces 

-2 

Temperature 

-3 

General condition 

•Standing position 

•Recumbent 

-4 

Dehydration

Metabolic effects of calf scour 

Dehydration 

Acidosis 

Electrolyte imbalance

.Anti-acid (systemic)- 1 

• R/Na bicarbonate 1.3% 0.5-1 L I/V 

according to the degree of acedemia

Oral Fluid Therapy 

I/V Fluid Therapy

Non steriodal anti-inflammatory-3 

• R/ Dicloprima 5% 

• Dose: 

• 2 Ml/ 100Kg B.W 

Advantages 

Anti-inflammatory 

Strong analgesic 

Atipyretic 

Anti-endotoxic 

:N B 

Non Steroidal anti-inflammatory should be given after 

hydration of the calf

Broad spectrum antibiotic-4 

Antibiotice more effective on E 

coli & Salmonelle 

Nuflor 

Marbocele 

Cefotaxim 

Borgal(Sulfa &Trimethoprime)

Antiparasitic agents 

-6 

--- 

• R/ Ivermectine 

1cc /50 Kg. B.w. 

S/C

Prescription in dietetic diarrhea 

in Large animals 

• R/S Guandine 60 g 

• R/Tannic acide 40 g 

• R/Cloramphenicol 15 g 

• R/Starch 

½ Kg 

:NB 

Zanil 100 Ml for paramphistomum+

General line for treatment of 

Acidosis 

• 1-Evacuation of rumen content: 

• 

• By using 3 liter Paraffin oil by stomach tube 

• 2-Antiacid 

• (a) Local: 500 g sodium bicarbonate 

• & 

• (b)Systemic: 2 liter isotonic sodium bicarbonate 1.3% I/V 

• 3-Fluid therapy: 

• Nacl 0.9% 4-6 liter I/V 

• 

• According to degree of dehydration 

• 4-Antihistaminic: 

• R/Antistamine 30-40 Ml I/V


Acidosis 

• 5-Antinflamatory 

• 6-Antibiotic 

• 

orally) 

Orally (procaine penicillin 10million IU 

• & 

• Systemic 

• 7-Ruminal tonic stomachic 

• -Bykahepar -genabell 

• -Hepanol -propylene glycol


simple indigestion 

• 1-Antiacid 

• 0.5 kg sodium bicarbonate/orally 

• 2-Ruminal tonic stomachic 

• -Bykahebar 

-Genabel 

• 3-Purgative 

• 0.5 kg orally of Mg oxide 

• OR 

• 2 liter of Paraffin oil 

• 4-Massage of rumen from left flank 

• 5-Rectal enema, back racking &exercise


Masititis 

• 1-AntiBiotic 

• Systemic: 

Gentamycin, 

Cefotaxim Snylox-Pentomycin 

• Pentomycin 

• 2-Antinflammatory 

• 3 days Non steroidal AI 

• 3-Antihistaminic 

• 1st day 

• 4-Oxytocin 

• 5-Vitamin AD3E&C

General line of treatment of 

pneumonia 

• Broad spectrum antibiotic 

• Ant inflammatory 

• Bronchodilator 

• Mucolytics & Expectorants 

• Antihistaminic

Antibiotic used in pneumonia 

1. 1-In less sever cases: 

1-Oxytetracycline drugs 

2-Enerofloxacine 

IN sever cases (Shipping fever): 

Flurphenicol 

Cephalosporion . 

Sulfa &Trimethoprime 

Marboflxacine

Metabolic Diseases 

Therapy

General line for treatment 

• 1)Source of Calcium 

A-Small cow(300- 

400 Kg): 

R/500 ml (375 ml IV 

very slowly and 

125 ml SC after 30 

min. at different 

sites. 

of milk fever

• Large cow( More 

than 500 Kg B .w.) 

• 1 Liter: 

• ½ Liter at morning 

• ½ Liter at evening

Examples of Ca preparation 

• R/Ca boro-gluconate (20% or 25%) 

• Or 

R/ Cal. D. Mg (Ca & Dextrose & Mg) 

R/Calcium amino-plex (Ca & amino acids). 

NB: 

• I/v Ca solution should be slowly to 

prevent cardiac arrest. 

• Continue for 3-5 days days or till complete 

recovery

(2) Compounds which increasing calcium 

level in blood: 

R/ AD3E&C (15 ml / daily IM). 

& R/ACTH 400-500 IU I/M 

3) Anti-inflammatory (Non Steroidal) 

R/Declo-phenac Na 2.5% 4 ml/100 Kg B W. 

(4) Supportive treatment: 

R/Dextrose 25% or 40% 2 liter IV.

Medical General lines for 

treatment of hypo-phosphatemia 

Source of ph Hematincs Saline

Source of ph-1 

I/V&I/M S/C Orally

Hematinics-2 

A-Blood transfusion 

) In sever cases( 

. Iron & VitB12

Sources of phosphorus( 1) 

• A) IV slowly administration 

of 60 of sodium acid 

phosphate in 300 ml of 

distilled water on the first 

day . 

• Followed by further SC 

injections of similar doses at 

12-hours intervals till 

recovery. 

• Similar daily doses (60 g) by 

mouth 

:NB 

Treatment should be continued till 3-5 days 

.after disappearance of red urine (complete recoverty

• B) patent phosphorus preparation 

as: 

• R/ Tonophosphan (Ph 10%) 

• R/ 50ml( 25 ml IV daily&25 ml I/M till 

recovery).

• C) Oral dosing with bone meal (120 g) 

twice daily or dicalcium phosphate 

daily for 5 days till recovery. 

• Or: 

• Superphos Sachets 3 

• One sachet daily (oral route)

• (2) Hematinic preparation: 

• (A) in sever cases: 

• Blood transfusion 3-4 L of whole blood to a 

450 kg cow is indicated in severe cases. 

• Additional transfusion is necessary if cow is 

still weak and mucous membranes are pale. 

• (B) In less sever cases: 

• iron, copper, cobalt, vitamin B12. (4) 

R/Antoplex 15 ml I/M

• (3) Supportive therapy: 

• (Glucose 25%) to treat ketosis & 

hypoglycemia. 

• (4)Kidney wash: 

• (Glucose 5% or saline(0.9%NaCl ( to 

minimize the danger of hemoglobinuric 

nephritis.

3- General Lines Of 

Treatment of Ketosis 

1-Dextrose 25% 

Make Glucose 

2-Propylene glycol 

3-Dexamethasone 

Insuline-4 

Decreased Production 

(less glucose 

demand) 

Increased Appetite 

Facilitate transport glucose 

into the cell

Medical treatment 

• 1-Sources of glucose: 

• IV injection of dextrose 25-40% 

500ml for cattle (in ewes 150- 

250 ml) IV, twice daily for 3-5 

successive days causing 

temporary hyperglycemia.

• Oral hyperglycemic 

agents: propylene glycol .05 

Liter orally 

• Or: 

• Glycerol or glycerin 0.25 Liter or 

sodium propionate )100-200 gm ( 

once daily for 3 day(. 

R/Primaton : 

.025 L orally 

• They are glucogenic and thus 

produce glucose. 

Primaton

2-Hormonal therapy: 

A-Glucocorticoids: 

Such as dexamethazone 10 ml )30 

mg( I/M one or two doses for cattle 

to increase the blood sugar level & 

reduces ketone bodies formation by 

utilization of acetyl coenzyme A.

Line of treatment of blood parasites 

Babesiosis-1 

• Fever (40-41C) 

• Red Urine 

• Partial loss of appetite 

• Jaundice

:I- Treatment 

• Important Notes: 

• Treatment should be tried early before the 

animal becomes anemic 

· Care must also be taken to avoid complete 

sterilization of the blood before sufficient 

antibody is produced to provide a durable 

immunity.

Drugs used 

1- Diminazen aceturate (Batrinil-Berinil) 

· Aqueous solution7% )1.05gm vial dissolved in 

12.5 ml water(. 

· Dose 1ml/20kg · 

2-Imidocarb dipropionate (Imisol) 

2ml/100Kg B W.

Symptomatic treatment 

• Non steroidal ant inflammatory 

• R/ Decloflam )1CC/25kg I/M( 

• -Blood transfusion:- 

• - In Sever cases 1Liter/100 Kg B W. 

• General hematinics. 

• R/Antoplex 15mlI/M 

• Or Iron 100 1 ml /100Kg B W.

Line of treatment of blood parasites 

Theleriasis-2 

• Fever (40-41C) 

• Corneal opacity 

• Partial loss of appetite 

• Enlarged pre-scapular 

L.N 

Corneal opacity

Treatment 

R/butalex injection 

Or: 

1CC /20 Kg I/M 

Oxytetracycline L.A(5 Doses) 

+ Arsinal for 5 days

Line of treatment 

Of 

urinary tract affections 

Antibiotic 

Urinary 

Antiseptic 

-Anti 

inflammatory

Types of Antibiotic 

ephalosporine 

entamycine 

Sulpha 

& 

Trimethprime 

Peniclline 

& 

streptomycine

Types of Antibiotic 

According to species 

Equines 

lpha & Trimethoprime 

Rumminant 

Cephalosporine 

penicillines

Duration 

of 

Antibiotic 

Acute 

days 

3-5 

Chronic 

D 7-10 

Chronic pyogenic 

weeks 

2-4

Urinary-2 

Antiseptic 

Local 

use of 

catheters 

Systemic 

Coli-urinal 

Hexamin 

Urinary lavage 

IV glucose

Anti-inflammatory-3 

Decloprema 

Finadyine 

Ketoprofen

Causes Antibiotic Failure 

• 1-Exposure to strong sunlight 

• 2-Too-much-water 

• 3-Frequency-of-dose ( daily treatment 

but we decided to just double the dose 

and give it every other day). 

• 4-Duration is not enough.

• 5-The causative agent is virus not bacteria 

• 6-The drug is not specific against the 

pathogen 

• 7-Contaminated needle back into the bottle.

Viral 

vaccines 

1. PNEUMO 3 

2. PNEUMO 4 

3. Cattle Master4 

4. Vira Shield 5 

Nasal Gene-5 

Bacterial 


1. Pneumo - Bac 

2. Covexin* 8& 10 

3 Ultrabac® 8 

Mixed 


1. Entero – 3 

Vaccine 

2. Scour Guard 3 

Rotvec vaccine-3 

Coli immune-oral-4 

E Coli + Rota & Corana Virus

VACCINE FAILURES 

• NO RESPONSE : 

• Efficacy- expire Date 

• stress 

• Malnutrition 

• Improper Dose . 

• Improper Route.

Main Lines of treatment of diseases in farm animals

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