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At the same site, the University of Catania has realised an experimental pilot plant that consists of four lines of two-stage subsurface flow constructed wetlands for secondary or tertiary treatment of municipal wastewater. The first stage, for each line, consists of a horizontal flow bed, while in the second stage a vertical flow bed operates for two lines and a horizontal flow bed for the other two. Phragmites sp. was used as vegetation in two lines while the other two lines are without plants. Several experiments have been conducted there, especially for testing the HYDRUS 2D CW model in collaboration with BOKU. Constructed Wetlands for Sludge Drying Acque S.p.a. – one of the six holding companies for water and wastewater in Tuscany Region – manages 152 WWTPs, 130 of which serving less than 5000 people, over a territory of 57 municipalities. The potential for application of reed beds is therefore very high within the controlled territory. Considering all the advantages and good performances reported for reed bed systems, in 2004 Acque S.p.a. started to test this technology on a pilot plant. After obtaining satisfying and promising results from preliminary experimentation, the company decided to adopt reed beds for a set of controlled WWTPs. At present, reed bed systems have been already implemented in 6 of them, and 25 new installations are planned for the future. All beds are currently fed with aerobically stabilized sludge from domestic activated sludge WWTPs. Reed bed systems were easily derived from existing drying beds by planting reeds (Phragmites australis) after preparation of the bottom inert and draining layer, and, where necessary, after increasing the freeboard of the side walls of the existing drying beds of 1 ÷ 1.5 m (from Giraldi D., 2009). There are some other sludge drying CW systems in Piedmont, mainly in the southern part of the region, where several wine factories are equipped with Activated Sludge treatment plants for their wastewater management. The Piedmont Regional Authority has subsidised for several years, up to 70% of the realisation cost, specifically the application of CWs for sludge drying; ___________________________________________________________________________ 34 IWA <strong>Specialist</strong> <strong>Group</strong> on Use of Macrophytes in Water Pollution Control: Newsletter No. 35
References and Bibliography Barbagallo S., Cirelli G.L., Consoli S., Toscano A. e Barbera A. (2002), Experiences on Constructed Wetland as tertiary treatment for wastewater reuse: the case-study of ―S.Michele di Ganzaria‖ (Sicilia), Proceedings of 1th International Conference on small wastewater technologies and management for the Mediterranean area , Seville, Spain, , pp. 23. Giraldi D., Iannelli R., (2009), Short-term water content analysis for the optimization of sludge dewatering in dedicated constructed wetlands (reed bed systems). Desalination, (in press). Giraldi D., Masciandaro G., Peruzzi E., Bianchi V., Peruzzi P., Ceccanti B., Iannelli R. (2009), Hydraulic and biochemical analyses on full scale sludge consolidation reed beds in Tuscany (Italy). Wat. Sci. Tech (in press). Masi F. (2008), ―Enhanced denitrification by an hybrid HF-FWS CW in large scale wastewater treatment plant (Jesi)‖, in ―Wastewater Treatment, Plant Dynamics and Management in Constructed and Natural Wetlands‖, by Jan Vymazal (Ed.), Springer, NY, ISBN: 978-1-4020- 8234-4. Masi F. (2009), ―Water reuse and resources recovery: the role of Constructed Wetlands in the Ecosan approach‖, Desalination, Vol. 246, pp. 27-34,. Peruzzi E., Macci C., Doni S., Masciandaro G., Peruzzi P., Aiello M., Ceccanti B. (2009), Phragmites australis for sewage sludges stabilization. Desalination, (in press). Toscano A., Langergraber G., Consoli S. and Cirelli G.L. (2009), Modelling pollutant removal in a pilot-scale two-stage subsurface flow constructed wetlands. Ecological Engineering. Vol. 35, Issue 2, 281-289. THE TREATMENT WETLAND OF THE MONTREAL BIOSPHERE: 15 YEARS LATER Jacques Brisson 1 * and Gilles VIncent 2 1 Université de Montréal, Département de sciences biologiques and Institut de recherche en biologie végétale (IRBV), 4101 Sherbrooke East, Montreal, Quebec H1X 2B2, Canada. 2 Jardin botanique de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke East, Montreal, Quebec H1X 2B2, Canada. *Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 514 872 1862; fax : +1 514 872 9406. E-mail: jacques.brisson@umontreal.ca. Introduction In June 1995, Environment Canada opened a new science museum devoted to public education on the environment, water resources and aquatic ecosystems. Built from the geodesic structure that was previously hosting the USA pavilion during the 1967 World Fair in Montreal, the ―Biosphere‖ is adequately located on Ste-Helene Island, in a highly visited park in the middle of the St-Lawrence River. Given the theme of the museum, it seemed appropriate to integrate a constructed wetland for wastewater treatment system as part of the museum‘s scientific and education program. The project presented important challenges to its designers. First, the number of museum‘s visitors, and therefore the quantity of water to be treated, was expected to be high with large variation during the year. Second, while the technology had already been well established in other parts of the world, its efficiency under the harsh climatic conditions of Montreal needed to be evaluated. Third, not only the wetland had to be accessible to passers-by in the park as well as to museum‘s visitors, but since a restaurant was located only 50m away, no foul odors or malfunction could be tolerated. Finally, because of the high publicity and visibility surrounding the opening of the museum, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ IWA <strong>Specialist</strong> <strong>Group</strong> on Use of Macrophytes in Water Pollution Control: Newsletter No. 35 35
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Page 11 and 12: UNCLOGGING THE FUTURE OF TREATMENT
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Specialist Group on Use of Macrophytes in Water Pollution ... - IWA

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