3FOOD

Third Industrial Revolution Consulting Group
Despite the small population and size of the country, Luxembourg has the highest number of
cars per capita in Europe (0.672, while the average is 0.486), 71 in constant growth (factor of 29
over 60 years), with an average CO2 emission of 147 g/km despite low average vehicle age. 72 Of
existing passenger cars, 60% run on diesel and 40% run on petrol 73 – in which the rate of new
diesel cars bought is 72%. 74 GHG emissions from Luxembourg transports reaches 7.6 million
tons C02 equivalent vs. total Lux 11.8Mt, i.e. 64%.
The high number of cars, commuters, and transit traffic accounts for 54% of the country’s
energy consumption based on fuel sold (compared to 26% in the EU28), which has a significant
impact on health and quality of life in public spaces. Furthermore, final transport energy
consumption (road, railway and air amount to 2.5Mtoe) is 250% more than household final
energy consumption (1Mtoe), making total transport energy consumption equal to 61% of
Luxembourg’s total energy consumption. 75
Additional passenger car traffic comes from the 175,000 commuters per day representing, in
absolute terms, the second highest number of cross-border commutes in the EEA. Among
commuters, 40% work in Luxembourg City and enter the Grand-Duchy mostly via car (86%),
train (9%), and bus (5%). The average daily commute of 90km takes 100 min. The cross-border
phenomenon is mainly caused by the attractiveness of the Luxembourg economy which offers
twice the number of working positions compared to the resident working population. As a
cross-border region with low fuel prices, 75% of the fuel sold in the country is used by
Luxembourgers, cross-border workers, transit trucks, and tourists.
70 The French expression “transport en commun” refers to all transport systems that imply a “common” use of the
mobility resources, compared to a “private” one. A broader definition of “Transport en commun” includes the
traditional public transport and all non-conventional transport systems such as on-demand personal and group
transit systems, micro-mobility, shared vehicles and shared rides.
71 European Commission (2015), EU Transport in figures. Statistical Pocketbook 2015. Available at:
http://ec.europa.eu/transport/facts-fundings/statistics/doc/2015/pocketbook2015.pdf , p.84
72 Eurostat (2015) Energy, transport and environment indicators. Available at:
http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/3217494/7052812/KS-DK-15-001-EN-N.pdf/eb9dc93d-8abe-4049-
a901-1c7958005f5b, p.96
73 Eurostat (2015) Energy, transport and environment indicators. Available at:
http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/3217494/7052812/KS-DK-15-001-EN-N.pdf/eb9dc93d-8abe-4049-
a901-1c7958005f5b , p.94
74 The International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) (2015) European Vehicle Market Statisticks. Pocketbook
2015/2016. Available at: http://www.theicct.org/sites/default/files/publications/ICCT_EU-pocketbook_2015.pdf
p.80
75 European Commission (2015) EU Transport in Figures. Statistical Pocketbook 2015. Available at :
http://ec.europa.eu/transport/facts-fundings/statistics/doc/2015/pocketbook2015.pdf , p.118
70