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Community Report: Research in Action 2015

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UNIVERSITY WITHIN COMMUNITY:<br />

RESEARCH IN ACTION


A MESSAGE<br />

from the ASSOCIATE DEAN, RESEARCH<br />

Dr. Yoshitaka (Yoshi) Iwasaki


This is a very excit<strong>in</strong>g time for the Faculty of Extension: Our scholars cont<strong>in</strong>ue to be <strong>in</strong>volved<br />

<strong>in</strong> a number of <strong>in</strong>novative, community-based research projects, work<strong>in</strong>g together with their partners from<br />

prov<strong>in</strong>cial and municipal governments, non-profit agencies, Aborig<strong>in</strong>al and immigrant communities, school<br />

boards, health systems, and more.<br />

Extension’s scholars contextualize the research process with<strong>in</strong> the community (rather than on the community)<br />

to generate research outcomes directly relevant and mean<strong>in</strong>gful to the community. Mutually-respectful<br />

relationship build<strong>in</strong>g and collaboration between community and university partners is a hallmark of<br />

Extension’s research.<br />

Our research is always <strong>in</strong> action as we mobilize for positive changes at personal, social, and system levels.<br />

This research builds capacities for people and communities while help<strong>in</strong>g to develop evidence-based<br />

approaches to improv<strong>in</strong>g policy and practice <strong>in</strong> our community.<br />

The mission of the Faculty of Extension is to provide leadership <strong>in</strong> social and <strong>in</strong>dividual betterment through<br />

community-university engagement <strong>in</strong> learn<strong>in</strong>g, discovery, and citizenship. Importantly, action research plays<br />

a significant role <strong>in</strong> all our learn<strong>in</strong>g (from each other), discovery (of new knowledge), and citizenship (to serve<br />

our community), by <strong>in</strong>tegrat<strong>in</strong>g our university with<strong>in</strong> our community.<br />

The theme for this year’s report is “Inspir<strong>in</strong>g Lives.” As shown <strong>in</strong> each of the six stories featured <strong>in</strong> this<br />

report, our scholars’ and partners’ research provides <strong>in</strong>spiration: These stories are about <strong>in</strong>spiration for and<br />

with<strong>in</strong> Métis communities, low-<strong>in</strong>come families, high-risk youth, senior citizens, social service workers, and<br />

First Nations children. Not only do we reveal a fuller, more holistic picture of situations and issues faced by<br />

our communities, but we also build capacities of people and communities to address significant community<br />

issues. This is accomplished by mak<strong>in</strong>g connections, open<strong>in</strong>g space for voices, and mobiliz<strong>in</strong>g research to have<br />

an impact through engag<strong>in</strong>g and build<strong>in</strong>g relationships with our communities.<br />

One major transformation <strong>in</strong> the Faculty of Extension <strong>in</strong>volves the consolidation of Extension’s research units<br />

<strong>in</strong>to the “<strong>Research</strong> Neighbourhood” on the second floor of Enterprise Square. This consolidated space houses<br />

all of Extension’s research centres and units:<br />

• Centre for Public Involvement (CPI)<br />

• City-Region Studies Centre (CRSC)<br />

• <strong>Community</strong>-University Partnerships for the Study of Children, Youth, and Families (CUP)<br />

• Evaluation and <strong>Research</strong> Services (ERS)<br />

• First Nations Children’s <strong>Action</strong> <strong>Research</strong> and Education Services (FNCARES)<br />

Operationally, we have started to implement <strong>Research</strong> Support Services (RSS) to provide Faculty-wide support<br />

for research development, partnership build<strong>in</strong>g, and community engagement through effective management<br />

and susta<strong>in</strong>able support for all stages and levels of Extension’s research <strong>in</strong>itiatives (both new and ongo<strong>in</strong>g).<br />

Based on the pr<strong>in</strong>ciples of collaboration and resource shar<strong>in</strong>g, the RSS with<strong>in</strong> <strong>Research</strong> Neighbourhood is<br />

structured to facilitate greater success for the research enterprise.<br />

Extension’s community-based research is well positioned to significantly contribute to address<strong>in</strong>g major<br />

community issues through partnerships with key stakeholders. Both the Government of Alberta and the City<br />

of Edmonton have declared end<strong>in</strong>g poverty as a top priority, and they eagerly rely on expertise <strong>in</strong> communitybased<br />

research. The announcement of the new Social Innovation Endowment Fund for social sciences and<br />

humanities research by the Government of Alberta is exemplary of the importance of applied action research<br />

to more effectively address major community issues such as poverty, homelessness, early child development,<br />

and Aborig<strong>in</strong>al and immigrant issues.<br />

I am very proud to know that our researchers and research centres <strong>in</strong> the Faculty of Extension are<br />

exceptionally qualified to make a significant contribution to these <strong>in</strong>novative <strong>in</strong>itiatives for the betterment of<br />

our people and communities!<br />

2


THE START OF A<br />

BEAUTIFUL FRIENDSHIP


The people of the Buffalo Lake and Kik<strong>in</strong>o<br />

Métis Settlements are <strong>in</strong>credibly unique<br />

populations with equally unique histories<br />

and cultures. The Faculty of Extension is the<br />

only post-secondary Faculty <strong>in</strong> Canada with<br />

a primary research mandate of community<br />

engagement. The relationship between the<br />

two is anyth<strong>in</strong>g but traditional—but then,<br />

that’s the whole po<strong>in</strong>t.<br />

Fay Fletcher approached the Buffalo Lake<br />

Métis Settlement (BLMS) <strong>in</strong> 2010 to develop<br />

a life-skills program for youth and children to<br />

grow <strong>in</strong> capacity to resist negative behaviour<br />

(e.g., smok<strong>in</strong>g, dr<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g, or bully<strong>in</strong>g). At that<br />

time, she had little knowledge of Métis culture.<br />

She did, however, have support from Extension<br />

and Alberta Health Services, which lent a rare<br />

advantage: She could start from scratch.<br />

“We went <strong>in</strong>to this project th<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g we should<br />

engage based on our knowledge of First<br />

Nations people,” says Fay. “But we quickly<br />

found that the Métis are very dist<strong>in</strong>ct from<br />

other Aborig<strong>in</strong>al peoples, so we had to build<br />

our own capacity to f<strong>in</strong>d culturally-appropriate<br />

solutions. We had to be very open to ideas and<br />

to engage <strong>in</strong> a lot of dialogue.”<br />

Through these conversations, her research<br />

team found a very strong youth component<br />

<strong>in</strong> the community, so they focused efforts on<br />

a program built and conducted for youth, by<br />

youth. With constant community consultation,<br />

Fay’s team put together the Life Skills Journey<br />

summer day camp, a play-based program<br />

designed to enhance developmental strengths<br />

for seven- to ten-year-olds. BLMS youth were<br />

recruited and tra<strong>in</strong>ed as camp facilitators and<br />

peer mentors.<br />

Fay Fletcher takes engagement<br />

with Albertan Métis communities<br />

to the next level<br />

Fay learned much from the community; six<br />

years ago, for <strong>in</strong>stance, she was strongly<br />

discouraged from us<strong>in</strong>g social media <strong>in</strong> her<br />

community-based research. Experts <strong>in</strong> BLMS,<br />

however, identified those media among the<br />

most effective ways to engage with the youth.<br />

“A member of our research team is very techsavvy,”<br />

says Fay. “She set up a website, a<br />

Facebook profile, and a Twitter account, and<br />

then pushed out messages constantly. We got<br />

permission to use photos from participants,<br />

and we got a lot of friends and followers by<br />

post<strong>in</strong>g those visuals.”<br />

Over summer 2013, day camps were piloted<br />

at Buffalo Lake and Kik<strong>in</strong>o. Fifty-six children<br />

took part <strong>in</strong> ten days of activities, learn<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong><br />

such modules as “anger,” “spirituality,” and<br />

“media messages.” Personal growth among<br />

participants (evaluated us<strong>in</strong>g the validated<br />

Resiliency Framework) was recorded <strong>in</strong><br />

strengths such as acceptance, spirituality,<br />

and reflective th<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g, with an overall<br />

reduction <strong>in</strong> at-risk behaviours. The research<br />

team is optimistic to see these trends grow,<br />

particularly if they are able to extend their<br />

current three years of fund<strong>in</strong>g to five. The data<br />

will be enriched further as the team beg<strong>in</strong>s<br />

deliver<strong>in</strong>g the program to 11- through 14-year<br />

olds <strong>in</strong> future years.<br />

More, says Fay, “we can see grow<strong>in</strong>g<br />

connections between the community and the<br />

youth. It’s chang<strong>in</strong>g the whole dynamic!” The<br />

community, <strong>in</strong> turn, has shown an <strong>in</strong>terest <strong>in</strong><br />

the research and a commitment to its success.<br />

“The communities we now work with are as<br />

<strong>in</strong>vested <strong>in</strong> our team’s success and well-be<strong>in</strong>g<br />

as we are <strong>in</strong> theirs,” says Fay. She professes<br />

that the project has developed from one<br />

of engagement <strong>in</strong>to an endur<strong>in</strong>g research<br />

relationship.<br />

“Engagement, I th<strong>in</strong>k, is at its best when it<br />

becomes a relationship; with a relationship<br />

comes accountability to one another. And it’s<br />

encourag<strong>in</strong>g to know that it’s possible for a<br />

university to accomplish this. After all, we<br />

are not dist<strong>in</strong>ct from the community. We are<br />

one and the same. And we are stronger for<br />

realiz<strong>in</strong>g this.”<br />

4


COMMUNICATION:<br />

A SOCIAL LIFE-SAVER


Terrance Saddleback had “a disorder that left<br />

him with the m<strong>in</strong>d and impulse control of a<br />

child” and “suffered from psychotic episodes<br />

accompanied by violent rages,” accord<strong>in</strong>g to<br />

a statement by Valerie Wolski’s husband.<br />

The same statement contends that many<br />

community service organizations knew of<br />

Saddleback’s condition long before he violently<br />

murdered Ms. Wolski <strong>in</strong> 2011.<br />

Breakdowns <strong>in</strong> communication happen all<br />

the time. Sometimes they’re <strong>in</strong>nocuous.<br />

Sometimes, <strong>in</strong> the cases of Ms. Wolski and<br />

other social care service workers, they are<br />

unth<strong>in</strong>kably tragic.<br />

“The notion of social work can conjure up<br />

thoughts of giv<strong>in</strong>g personalities, dedicated<br />

helpers, and families brought together through<br />

car<strong>in</strong>g,” says Extension’s Tom Barker. “As one<br />

social worker put it, the image is all ‘hug-amuff<strong>in</strong>.’<br />

But the reality sometimes means<br />

work<strong>in</strong>g alone <strong>in</strong> rural areas, home visits with<br />

dangerous people, or unit<strong>in</strong>g families where<br />

one partner is under a restra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g order due to<br />

violent behaviour.”<br />

Accuracy and effectiveness of communication<br />

by front-l<strong>in</strong>e social service workers and the<br />

agencies that represent them is the reason<br />

Tom’s expertise <strong>in</strong> community-based research<br />

and technical communication helped him<br />

co-found the Health and Safety for Child and<br />

Families Services (HSCFS) project.<br />

With a goal to make the lives of these workers<br />

safer by identify<strong>in</strong>g physical, chemical,<br />

biological, environmental, and mental health<br />

hazards, the HSCFS partnership br<strong>in</strong>gs<br />

together representatives from the Faculty of<br />

Extension, the Alberta Association of Services<br />

to Children and Families, and the prov<strong>in</strong>ce’s<br />

M<strong>in</strong>istry of Human Services to galvanize safety<br />

management practices.<br />

Lack of communication can be<br />

fatally dangerous for social<br />

service workers, says Tom Barker<br />

“We’re operat<strong>in</strong>g on a knowledge-to-action<br />

paradigm,” expla<strong>in</strong>s Tom, “and we have a lot<br />

of knowledge available. Once we’ve collected<br />

this data from our partners, we can do a multivariant,<br />

complex analysis of hazards these<br />

workers face and provide useful, actionable<br />

statistics back to those agencies.”<br />

This knowledge, contends Tom, can <strong>in</strong>form<br />

policies on report<strong>in</strong>g of <strong>in</strong>cidents and record<strong>in</strong>g<br />

of data, as well as safety frameworks,<br />

employee tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g, and education. “It’s all<br />

communication,” he says, “and it underlies<br />

everyth<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> the health and safety arena.”<br />

HSCFS is also sett<strong>in</strong>g up a community of<br />

practice for social services workers to speak<br />

with one another over a LISTSERV and to<br />

share stories and <strong>in</strong>formation. Break<strong>in</strong>g down<br />

communication barriers is key, s<strong>in</strong>ce, as Tom<br />

po<strong>in</strong>ts out, “if you want to get <strong>in</strong>formation<br />

from people about safety issues, you can’t just<br />

expect them to respond to a survey. They have<br />

to want to share the <strong>in</strong>formation.”<br />

But how does one communicate best? “We need<br />

buy-<strong>in</strong> from all members of the community,<br />

even just to know which questions to ask,”<br />

says Tom. “A researcher like me would need 20<br />

years of work <strong>in</strong> the field to get the knowledge<br />

you can marshall from professionals with the<br />

expertise to <strong>in</strong>form this research.”<br />

The project began <strong>in</strong> September 2013 and was<br />

<strong>in</strong>tended to last a year; now that pilot studies<br />

have begun <strong>in</strong> Edmonton (and with seven other<br />

sectors <strong>in</strong> Alberta eagerly await<strong>in</strong>g the results),<br />

the project has become ongo<strong>in</strong>g.<br />

“We hope to have data at the end of 2014,<br />

after which we can do a pre- and post-test with<br />

participat<strong>in</strong>g agencies to determ<strong>in</strong>e whether the<br />

knowledge captured leads to an <strong>in</strong>crease <strong>in</strong> the<br />

number of <strong>in</strong>cidents reported,” says Tom.<br />

When a more vivid picture of social service work<br />

is pa<strong>in</strong>ted by this project, however, one wonders<br />

if prospective workers might be scared away<br />

from pursu<strong>in</strong>g this career.<br />

Absolutely not, says Tom.<br />

“The construction <strong>in</strong>dustry, for example, is very<br />

hazardous, but people still enter it. If you know<br />

about the potential hazards <strong>in</strong> your <strong>in</strong>dustry and<br />

how to report when <strong>in</strong>cidents happen, it’s a far<br />

better-managed <strong>in</strong>dustry, and everyone <strong>in</strong> that<br />

<strong>in</strong>dustry is safer than before.”<br />

6


THE KIDS ARE ALL RIGHT


“We work with young people anywhere from 15<br />

to 24 years old. And they’re very disengaged.<br />

Many used to be homeless and have no parental<br />

support. Some have spent time <strong>in</strong> prison.<br />

They’re often disconnected from ma<strong>in</strong>stream<br />

Canadian society. So researchers call them<br />

marg<strong>in</strong>alized, or at-risk, or high-risk youth, but<br />

the youth themselves don’t like any of those<br />

terms.”<br />

What do they prefer?<br />

“People.”<br />

Yoshi Iwasaki delivers that last word with a<br />

smirk. “We are all people,” he expla<strong>in</strong>s, “And we<br />

all deserve to be engaged with our communities<br />

and provided with mean<strong>in</strong>gful opportunities.”<br />

Yoshi was just beg<strong>in</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g his new job at<br />

Extension (then as Director of Extension’s<br />

<strong>Community</strong>-University Partnership for the<br />

Study of Children, Youth, and Families) when<br />

he got <strong>in</strong>volved <strong>in</strong> discussions among local<br />

agencies support<strong>in</strong>g youth development; these<br />

organizations lacked a coord<strong>in</strong>ated context with<br />

which to engage those youth. Most, says Yoshi,<br />

operate on a “talk-down” basis, without fully<br />

<strong>in</strong>tegrat<strong>in</strong>g the voice of youth.<br />

“Have we tried listen<strong>in</strong>g to them?”<br />

Yoshi Iwasaki posits<br />

about disengaged youth<br />

“We put together a team to talk about what a<br />

framework might look like, and look<strong>in</strong>g around<br />

the table, the first th<strong>in</strong>g I asked was ‘Okay,<br />

where are the youth?’”<br />

A valid po<strong>in</strong>t. Yoshi’s experience <strong>in</strong> engag<strong>in</strong>g<br />

and mobiliz<strong>in</strong>g marg<strong>in</strong>alized population groups<br />

<strong>in</strong>formed an op<strong>in</strong>ion that this framework (and<br />

the research needed for the new Youth4YEG<br />

<strong>in</strong>itiative to build it) had to be youth-driven (“we<br />

work with youth, not on youth,” Yoshi stresses).<br />

“We needed to create a home-grown framework<br />

for youth engagement, basically from scratch,”<br />

says Yoshi. Youth4YEG was able to recruit a<br />

number of marg<strong>in</strong>alized youth leaders who<br />

were recommended by partner agencies to<br />

attend a series of weekday even<strong>in</strong>g discussions<br />

to exchange stories and to identify pr<strong>in</strong>ciples<br />

and processes that would make up a youth<br />

engagement framework.<br />

Says Yoshi: “We get a dozen or so young people<br />

<strong>in</strong>to the room, we lay down some ground rules,<br />

then we order pizza and do activities like talk<strong>in</strong>g<br />

circles.”<br />

Other agencies, he po<strong>in</strong>ts out, do similar<br />

activities, but do not systematically collect data.<br />

“We have partnerships with the city<br />

government and the prov<strong>in</strong>cial government, as<br />

well as Edmonton’s youth agencies, and they’re<br />

very excited about what we’re do<strong>in</strong>g, s<strong>in</strong>ce<br />

they haven’t until now had access to research<br />

expertise and resources,” says Yoshi.<br />

The Youth4YEG team has, at the time of<br />

writ<strong>in</strong>g, conducted four three-hour youth<br />

engagement sessions s<strong>in</strong>ce they began <strong>in</strong><br />

October 2012; each time, researchers ask very<br />

strategic questions, such as “tell us one positive<br />

th<strong>in</strong>g that’s happened to you” or “what are<br />

the most important th<strong>in</strong>gs for gett<strong>in</strong>g you<br />

engaged?”<br />

The youth leaders (as co-<strong>in</strong>vestigators) have<br />

already developed an 13-page framework that<br />

is be<strong>in</strong>g tested us<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>ductive research and<br />

constant feedback. Once test<strong>in</strong>g is complete,<br />

Yoshi is confident that this youth-created<br />

framework (the first of its k<strong>in</strong>d) will be effective<br />

<strong>in</strong> positively engag<strong>in</strong>g youth locally, nationally,<br />

and <strong>in</strong>ternationally.<br />

“The framework is home-grown but can be<br />

applied cross-culturally when you <strong>in</strong>corporate<br />

local and cultural uniqueness to make it<br />

effective <strong>in</strong> an action plan,” says Yoshi. “It is<br />

a template, not a prescription. It’s important<br />

that every agency develop its own plan<br />

when empower<strong>in</strong>g youth. And engagement<br />

is essential for every youth, regardless of<br />

nationality or cultural background.”<br />

So how does a young person know if he or she<br />

is “engaged?”<br />

Says Yoshi: “They seem to understand<br />

<strong>in</strong>tr<strong>in</strong>sically which activities are good and which<br />

are bad. They know, for example, that drug<br />

abuse and violence are bad. So engagement,<br />

for them, means participat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> activities they<br />

consider ‘good’ and constructive, and if they<br />

choose to do those ‘positive’ th<strong>in</strong>gs on their<br />

own terms, they’re much more likely to become<br />

healthy, contribut<strong>in</strong>g members of society.<br />

Relationship-build<strong>in</strong>g with youth through youth<br />

leadership is very important to this process.”<br />

8


THE GOLDEN CENTRE


“They’re places for someone like Ernie,” says<br />

Kyle Whitfield. “He’s 82. Everyday s<strong>in</strong>ce his wife<br />

died, he walks to the centre for breakfast and a<br />

chat with friends. Then, he says, he can carry on<br />

with his day.”<br />

Over the past year, Kyle’s conversations with<br />

patrons of seniors’ centres <strong>in</strong> Alberta have<br />

unearthed a trove of similar tales of reduced<br />

mobility, social isolation, and grief over the loss<br />

of loved ones, and, as her research partner Jason<br />

Daniels says, “seniors’ centres are the reason a<br />

lot of people get out of bed <strong>in</strong> the morn<strong>in</strong>g.”<br />

S<strong>in</strong>ce spr<strong>in</strong>g<strong>in</strong>g up sporadically <strong>in</strong> the 1970s,<br />

such centres have provided services, activities,<br />

and places for conversation, and they have<br />

become so successful that the Alberta<br />

Association of Seniors’ Centres (AASC) now lists<br />

over 400 centres <strong>in</strong> their 2014 directory.<br />

It’s difficult to th<strong>in</strong>k of a more ideal system:<br />

the centres are self-susta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g, typically<br />

adm<strong>in</strong>istered by their members, and, accord<strong>in</strong>g<br />

to Roger La<strong>in</strong>g, president of AASC, “vital to the<br />

lives of seniors throughout Alberta.”<br />

Why, then, did Health M<strong>in</strong>ister Fred Horne<br />

announce <strong>in</strong> January 2013 that the prov<strong>in</strong>cial<br />

government would grant $70,800 for research<br />

<strong>in</strong>to the current state of our seniors’ centres?<br />

The question encompasses so many factors<br />

and nuances it could hardly be answered over<br />

afternoon tea or a game of cards.<br />

Currently, history’s most-populous generation is<br />

enter<strong>in</strong>g its autumn years, and seniors’ centres<br />

do not have the capacity to handle them.<br />

That’s assum<strong>in</strong>g, of course, the Boomers will<br />

choose to jo<strong>in</strong> these centres.<br />

Extension duo tasked with<br />

pa<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>g a complex portrait of<br />

Albertan Seniors’ Centres<br />

Complicat<strong>in</strong>g th<strong>in</strong>gs, says Jason (a member of<br />

Extension’s Evaluation and <strong>Research</strong> Services<br />

and the project’s “numbers guy”), is <strong>in</strong>creas<strong>in</strong>g<br />

diversity <strong>in</strong> clientele populations, which makes it<br />

difficult to ensure everyone’s needs are met.<br />

For that matter, the def<strong>in</strong>ition of seniors’<br />

centres is as elusive as that of a senior (says<br />

Kyle, they’re terms like “teenager” that assume<br />

a 13-year-old is the same as a 19-year-old).<br />

Urban centres differ from rural centres;<br />

governance structures differ from town to town.<br />

And because services differ so greatly,<br />

it’s hard to say exactly what constitutes a<br />

seniors’ centre.<br />

The freeform nature of the centres spells<br />

uncerta<strong>in</strong>ty <strong>in</strong> the com<strong>in</strong>g twilight of the<br />

Boomers, and Roger La<strong>in</strong>g knows it. It was<br />

his idea to approach Kyle, whose previous<br />

research <strong>in</strong>to Alberta’s ag<strong>in</strong>g populations begat<br />

a strong work<strong>in</strong>g relationship with AASC.<br />

Their conversation led to a research proposal,<br />

which, when presented to the M<strong>in</strong>istry of<br />

Health, germ<strong>in</strong>ated this study with Kyle as lead<br />

researcher and Jason as research designer.<br />

“It’s a complex issue, so we chose a mixedmethod<br />

approach,” Jason expla<strong>in</strong>s. “We<br />

surveyed seniors and soon-to-be-seniors about<br />

the centres. We surveyed the directors to f<strong>in</strong>d<br />

out what services they provided and what their<br />

needs are. And we did site visits and focus<br />

groups at eight different centres,” (where, says<br />

Kyle, Jason suspiciously showed up just <strong>in</strong> time<br />

for c<strong>in</strong>namon buns).<br />

At the time of writ<strong>in</strong>g, the data has been<br />

collected. Jason is mak<strong>in</strong>g graphs and tables and<br />

Kyle is f<strong>in</strong>ish<strong>in</strong>g up a literature review. Both are<br />

noticeably engrossed <strong>in</strong> the process.<br />

“My naïve understand<strong>in</strong>g of seniors’ centres at<br />

the outset has broadened considerably,” says<br />

Jason. “I saw them orig<strong>in</strong>ally as drop-<strong>in</strong> social<br />

centres, but they’re also places of learn<strong>in</strong>g<br />

and volunteer<strong>in</strong>g and help<strong>in</strong>g one another. The<br />

wealth of expertise <strong>in</strong> every person we spoke<br />

with was <strong>in</strong>credible.”<br />

Says Kyle: “There’s a lot of laughter and<br />

socializ<strong>in</strong>g [at the centres]. And there’s plenty<br />

of evidence that people who laugh and have<br />

more personal connections have better overall<br />

health. If we expect to engage with seniors<br />

and to benefit from their knowledge and<br />

contributions, we need a more complete picture<br />

of their needs. Which is what we’re about to<br />

accomplish.”<br />

10


LIKE KIDS IN A DATA STORE


Every research project is an <strong>in</strong>vestment. Very<br />

few, however, have this many <strong>in</strong>vestors.<br />

S<strong>in</strong>ce 2006, at the beg<strong>in</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g of a multi-year<br />

longitud<strong>in</strong>al study of low-<strong>in</strong>come families <strong>in</strong><br />

Edmonton, the number of stakeholders <strong>in</strong> the<br />

Fulfill<strong>in</strong>g Alberta’s Commitment (FACt) project<br />

has grown to <strong>in</strong>clude governments, NGOs,<br />

funders, academics, students, and the research<br />

participants themselves. Thousands of hours<br />

and millions of dollars will soon result <strong>in</strong> actions<br />

to improve these families’ lives.<br />

“At least we hope so,” says Maria Mayan.<br />

A found<strong>in</strong>g member of Families First Edmonton<br />

(FFE), now <strong>in</strong> its twelfth year, Maria (along with<br />

her colleague Laurie Schnirer) is oversee<strong>in</strong>g<br />

what grew from a group of concerned citizens<br />

<strong>in</strong>to a sprawl<strong>in</strong>g, ambitious research project<br />

with a “blow-your-m<strong>in</strong>d” database compris<strong>in</strong>g<br />

six years of periodic <strong>in</strong>terviews with low-<strong>in</strong>come<br />

families. It’s a fantasy come true for any applied<br />

research protagonist. But time is of the essence.<br />

“We’re currently work<strong>in</strong>g on <strong>in</strong>terpret<strong>in</strong>g the<br />

data,” says Maria. “Our partner agencies f<strong>in</strong>d<br />

mean<strong>in</strong>g and context <strong>in</strong> our results, and we take<br />

our directional cues from them.”<br />

The next step, she says, is to offer to Alberta<br />

Human Services evidence of how some low<strong>in</strong>come<br />

families eventually achieve economic<br />

self-sufficiency. Or of what impact child care<br />

subsidies have on families’ economic outcomes.<br />

Or of what happens to families who move<br />

residences frequently. All are vital questions<br />

that h<strong>in</strong>ge on future fund<strong>in</strong>g.<br />

Salvation for everyone’s <strong>in</strong>vestment, it seems,<br />

may be <strong>in</strong> the hands of community-m<strong>in</strong>ded<br />

graduate students, recruited and coord<strong>in</strong>ated by<br />

FACt’s Knowledge Broker, Nyla de Los Santos.<br />

“We put a blurb about the project on a grad<br />

student LISTSERV,” says Nyla, “and immediately<br />

started gett<strong>in</strong>g a lot of applications.<br />

Hope for low-<strong>in</strong>come families is <strong>in</strong><br />

the FACt grad student bra<strong>in</strong>-bank<br />

But we could only accommodate ten students.<br />

I’m very satisfied that we’ve chosen well.”<br />

The students, says Nyla, br<strong>in</strong>g diverse<br />

backgrounds <strong>in</strong> their <strong>in</strong>terests and <strong>in</strong> their<br />

personal stakes <strong>in</strong> the research.<br />

“These people are potentially go<strong>in</strong>g to do this<br />

sort of work <strong>in</strong> their chosen field. Here, they<br />

get hands-on experience <strong>in</strong> community-based<br />

research, a complete data set cover<strong>in</strong>g many<br />

areas of <strong>in</strong>terest and discipl<strong>in</strong>e, and a chance to<br />

see their work affect real people,” she says.<br />

The students agree.<br />

“FACt is hav<strong>in</strong>g a larger impact than I’d<br />

imag<strong>in</strong>ed,” says Katie MacDonald, a doctoral<br />

student <strong>in</strong> Sociology. “I see the project<br />

embrac<strong>in</strong>g the complexity of experiences and<br />

struggles that families liv<strong>in</strong>g on low <strong>in</strong>comes<br />

face.”<br />

The work stimulates some of her teammates<br />

on a more personal level: “I’ve learned<br />

about the struggles my parents may have<br />

gone through years ago as first generation<br />

Canadian immigrants,” says Sonya Sehgal,<br />

Masters’ student <strong>in</strong> Educational Psychology.<br />

“I want to give back by help<strong>in</strong>g out immigrant<br />

communities through my work.”<br />

More than this, the students are mak<strong>in</strong>g<br />

personal connections with other stakeholders;<br />

Nyla and Maria frequently ask them to attend<br />

and present at meet<strong>in</strong>gs of the entire FACt<br />

team, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g community members external<br />

to the University.<br />

“I’m learn<strong>in</strong>g that a lot of people genu<strong>in</strong>ely care<br />

about reduc<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>come disparity,” says Lesley<br />

Pullishy, who is us<strong>in</strong>g FACt data for her Masters’<br />

thesis <strong>in</strong> Nurs<strong>in</strong>g. “After work<strong>in</strong>g with others on<br />

FACt, I feel <strong>in</strong>spired by the good work go<strong>in</strong>g on<br />

locally.”<br />

Is it worth all the effort? Yes, says Maria (albeit<br />

hesitantly).<br />

“I don’t th<strong>in</strong>k we have accomplished what we<br />

set out to do,” she says. “We can fill up five<br />

years answer<strong>in</strong>g important questions with this<br />

data set. We said years ago ‘if our partnership<br />

of people, after 12 years, with all this expertise,<br />

after everyth<strong>in</strong>g we’ve been through, CAN’T<br />

change policy or practice, we might as well....”<br />

She doesn’t f<strong>in</strong>ish the sentence.<br />

12


RESEARCH IN ACTION


The <strong>in</strong>terview that <strong>in</strong>formed this feature<br />

took place <strong>in</strong> a Starbucks near Extension’s<br />

headquarters, ma<strong>in</strong>ly because C<strong>in</strong>dy Blackstock,<br />

Director of the First Nations Children’s <strong>Action</strong><br />

<strong>Research</strong> and Education Service (FNCARES)<br />

doesn’t have an office <strong>in</strong> Edmonton, and<br />

appropriately so: She believes community-based<br />

work means that her office needs to be <strong>in</strong> the<br />

community, where people naturally gather.<br />

C<strong>in</strong>dy is forever <strong>in</strong> motion, and she’s currently<br />

testify<strong>in</strong>g to the Canadian Human Rights<br />

Tribunal, call<strong>in</strong>g the federal government to task<br />

over <strong>in</strong>equitable conditions for Canada’s First<br />

Nations children and youth. She’s <strong>in</strong> Edmonton<br />

today to take part <strong>in</strong> a panel discussion<br />

alongside director Alanis Obomsaw<strong>in</strong>, whose<br />

film “Hi Ho Mistahey!” will be screened for the<br />

first time <strong>in</strong> Alberta.<br />

The film documents the life of Shannen<br />

Koostach<strong>in</strong>, a young woman from the<br />

Attawapiskat First Nation of Ontario, whose<br />

activism for First Nations education is<br />

emblematic of the action-oriented philosophy<br />

at the core of FNCARES.<br />

Shannen was educated <strong>in</strong> portable trailers that<br />

stood <strong>in</strong> for her condemned school. The shoddy<br />

conditions were not atypical to First Nations<br />

schools, which even today deal with pest<br />

<strong>in</strong>festations, lack of heat<strong>in</strong>g or plumb<strong>in</strong>g, and<br />

no libraries or computer labs. Shannen wrote<br />

letters to politicians and encouraged others<br />

to do so. She spoke at events and stood on<br />

Parliament Hill to testify to the lack of fund<strong>in</strong>g<br />

for these schools—all this before she died <strong>in</strong> a<br />

traffic accident hundreds of miles from home,<br />

where she travelled to attend a proper<br />

high school.<br />

“This is an urgent <strong>in</strong>equality,” expla<strong>in</strong>s C<strong>in</strong>dy.<br />

“Children only get one childhood, and they’re<br />

grow<strong>in</strong>g up right now. This urgency hasn’t<br />

gripped our politicians, so I’ve had to move<br />

beyond academics to evidence-based activism.<br />

FNCARES debuts as a different k<strong>in</strong>d<br />

of research centre to make positive<br />

change for First Nations children<br />

When governments fail to address significant<br />

public policy issues despite evidence of the<br />

harm and available solutions, then it is the<br />

responsibility of the academic community to<br />

work with those affected to advance positive<br />

change.”<br />

Many of the challenges fac<strong>in</strong>g First Nations<br />

children could be addressed with evidencebased<br />

solutions, says C<strong>in</strong>dy. She offers an<br />

example:<br />

“In the United States, the federal government<br />

found that 30 per cent of children went <strong>in</strong>to<br />

foster care because of hous<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>stability.<br />

The government provided $15 million to social<br />

workers to spend up to a value of $14,000 per<br />

family. So those workers might have chosen<br />

to pay a family’s first and last month’s rent,<br />

renovated the bathroom for a child with a<br />

disability, or got rid of a mold contam<strong>in</strong>ation.<br />

That <strong>in</strong>vestment saved 7500 kids from go<strong>in</strong>g<br />

<strong>in</strong>to foster care and saved $131 million <strong>in</strong> taxes<br />

<strong>in</strong> the process. These are the sorts of practical<br />

solutions we should search for.”<br />

To mobilize <strong>in</strong>formation, FNCARES will access<br />

a multi-discipl<strong>in</strong>ary network of 21 lead<strong>in</strong>g<br />

researchers from across Canada, the US, and<br />

Australia.<br />

Says C<strong>in</strong>dy: “I’ve been blessed to work with<br />

fantastic researchers, and I am will<strong>in</strong>g to raise<br />

the ‘help’ flag quickly. I am fortunate to have a<br />

circle of traditional knowledge holders, as well<br />

as gifted academics across discipl<strong>in</strong>es who can<br />

guide our work for children and families.”<br />

The first meet<strong>in</strong>g of FNCARES researchers<br />

will take place <strong>in</strong> 2014, after the case aga<strong>in</strong>st<br />

the federal government concludes. C<strong>in</strong>dy is<br />

optimistic this will provide momentum to spur<br />

conversation and action among partners.<br />

“There’s an Elder’s teach<strong>in</strong>g that says ‘a lot of<br />

people know the road and few people walk it.’<br />

<strong>Action</strong> research is about walk<strong>in</strong>g the road,” says<br />

C<strong>in</strong>dy. “I see research as be<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> service of the<br />

community. And if you see it that way, you have<br />

to be part of the change process. You ARE the<br />

change process.”<br />

14


FACULty of Extension<br />

2013-2014:<br />

PROFESSORIATE:<br />

Marco Adria, PhD<br />

Professor<br />

Academic Director, Centre for Public<br />

Involvement<br />

Walter Archer, PhD<br />

Professor Emeritus<br />

Academic Director, Teach<strong>in</strong>g and Learn<strong>in</strong>g<br />

Thomas Barker, PhD<br />

Professor<br />

Mary Beckie, PhD<br />

Associate Professor<br />

C<strong>in</strong>dy Blackstock, PhD<br />

Associate Professor<br />

Executive Director, First Nations Child and<br />

Family Car<strong>in</strong>g Society<br />

Katy Campbell, PhD<br />

Professor<br />

Dean, Faculty of Extension<br />

Sherry Ann Chapman, PhD<br />

Assistant Professor<br />

Ann Curry, PhD<br />

Professor<br />

Fay Fletcher, PhD<br />

Associate Professor<br />

Academic Director, Aborig<strong>in</strong>al Health Promotion<br />

Citation, <strong>Community</strong> Engagement Studies<br />

Lois Gander, Q.C., LL. M.<br />

Professor<br />

Rebecca Gokiert, PhD<br />

Assistant Professor<br />

Gordon Gow, PhD<br />

Associate Professor<br />

Academic Director, Communications &<br />

Technology Graduate Program<br />

Mart<strong>in</strong> Guardado, PhD<br />

Associate Professor<br />

Academic Director, English Language Program<br />

Yoshitaka (Yoshi) Iwasaki, PhD<br />

Professor<br />

Associate Dean, <strong>Research</strong><br />

Maria Mayan, PhD<br />

Associate Professor<br />

Laurie Schnirer, PhD<br />

Assistant Professor<br />

Interim Director, <strong>Community</strong>-University<br />

Partnership for the Study of Children, Youth,<br />

and Families (CUP)<br />

Rob Shields, PhD<br />

Professor<br />

Henry Marshall Tory <strong>Research</strong> Chair<br />

Academic Director, City-Region Studies Centre<br />

Billy Strean, PhD<br />

Professor<br />

Kristof Van Assche, PhD<br />

Associate Professor<br />

Stanley Varnhagen, PhD<br />

Faculty Service Officer IV<br />

Academic Director, Evaluation and <strong>Research</strong><br />

Services<br />

Kyle Whitfield, PhD<br />

Associate Professor


ADJUNCT PROFESSORS:<br />

Jeff Bisanz, PhD<br />

Chair, Psychology, University of Alberta<br />

<strong>Community</strong>-University Partnership for the<br />

Study of Children, Youth, and Families<br />

Mart<strong>in</strong> Garber-Conrad, CEO<br />

Edmonton <strong>Community</strong> Foundation<br />

<strong>Community</strong>-University Partnership for the<br />

Study of Children, Youth, and Families<br />

Monica Gruezmacher Rosas, PhD<br />

Environmental Resource Management Program<br />

Susan Lynch, PhD<br />

<strong>Research</strong> Project Director<br />

Early Child Development Mapp<strong>in</strong>g Project<br />

<strong>Community</strong>-University Partnership for the<br />

Study of Children, Youth, and Families<br />

Helen Madill, PhD<br />

Professor Emerita<br />

Office of the Dean<br />

Patricia Makokis, PhD<br />

<strong>Community</strong> Engagement Studies<br />

Debra Pozega Osburn, PhD<br />

Vice President, University Relations<br />

University of Alberta<br />

Communications & Technology<br />

Graduate Program<br />

Jorge Sousa, PhD<br />

Associate Professor, Educational Policy Studies<br />

University of Alberta<br />

Jane Spr<strong>in</strong>gett, PhD<br />

Director, Centre for Health Promotions Studies<br />

School of Public Health, University of Alberta<br />

<strong>Community</strong>-University Partnership for the<br />

Study of Children, Youth, and Families<br />

Mark Wolfe, PhD<br />

Communications and Technology<br />

Graduate Program<br />

STATISTICS:<br />

2012-2013 2013-2014*<br />

Year-Over-Year<br />

Comparison<br />

<strong>Research</strong> Grants $1,270,783 $1,526,617 20%<br />

Professoriate 19 20 5%<br />

Program Areas Offered<br />

(credentials, designations, etc)<br />

42 46 10%<br />

Courses Offered 327 300 -8%<br />

Course Sections Offered 851 863 1%<br />

Individual Learners 7,627 7,518 -1%<br />

International Students 1,099 1,262 15%<br />

*Please note: this data represents the time period April 1, 2013 to March 18, 2014 (i.e. not the full fiscal year)<br />

16


Vision:<br />

To be an exemplary centre for the scholarship and practice<br />

of community-university engagement.<br />

Mission:<br />

To provide leadership for social and <strong>in</strong>dividual betterment<br />

through community–university collaborations <strong>in</strong> learn<strong>in</strong>g,<br />

discovery and citizenship.<br />

Values:<br />

The Faculty of Extension’s values encompass academic rigor,<br />

accessibility, accountability, collaboration, cooperation,<br />

equity, excellence, relevance, respect, responsiveness,<br />

environmental susta<strong>in</strong>ability, and social justice.


The 15th Annual<br />

Engagement Scholarship Consortium<br />

Conference<br />

Engag<strong>in</strong>g for Change:<br />

Chang<strong>in</strong>g for Engagement<br />

hosted by the<br />

University of Alberta<br />

<strong>in</strong> Edmonton, Alberta, Canada<br />

October 5 - 8, 2014<br />

www.escc2014.com<br />

The University of Alberta <strong>in</strong>vites engaged scholars throughout the world<br />

to the 15th annual Engagement Scholarship Consortium Conference, to<br />

be held <strong>in</strong> Edmonton, Canada with pre-conference days on<br />

October 5 & 6 and full conference on October 7 & 8.<br />

Our conference theme is Engag<strong>in</strong>g for Change: Chang<strong>in</strong>g for<br />

Engagement and will challenge scholars, students, and community<br />

partners to discuss <strong>in</strong>ternational advances <strong>in</strong> the scholarship of<br />

engagement.<br />

engagementscholarship.org/conference


“INSPIRING LIVES”<br />

UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA<br />

FACULTY OF EXTENSION<br />

Enterprise Square<br />

10230 Jasper Avenue<br />

Edmonton, AB T5J 4P6<br />

2008130

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