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INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS<br />

JUNE 2011<br />

VOL 3, NO 2<br />

INSTITUTIONAL CARE FOR CHILDREN IN PAKISTAN<br />

Dr. Zahid Javed<br />

Phd, Associate Professor/Chairman, Department of Social Work, University of the Punjab,<br />

Lahore-Pakistan.<br />

Muhammad Arshad<br />

Lecturer, Department of Social Work, University of the Punjab, Lahore-Pakistan.<br />

Ms Alia Khalid<br />

Assistant Professor, Department of Social Work, University of the Punjab, Lahore-<br />

Pakistan.<br />

Abstract<br />

This <strong>paper</strong> addresses the concept of institutional care for children tracing its earliest forms from<br />

“Egyptian temples” to “Xenodochia” of Greece to the present form of formal care provided in<br />

the light of the International Conventions regarding children rights. Provisions of Care by<br />

establishing formal Institutions is one of the most important service which has been granted in<br />

the conventions for those children who have lost their primary caregivers. Institutional Care for<br />

the children aims to reduce the vulnerability of children to different risks, abuses and<br />

exploitation. It also provides shelter, food, education, recreation and other welfare services.<br />

However, the findings of different researches identify the implications of the institutionalization<br />

on children. It was a desk-based exercise; researchers have made an effort to take on a systematic<br />

overview and analysis of existing literature. The secondary data was collected from libraries,<br />

government & Non-Governmental organizations, civil society organizations, internet and other<br />

available sources. However the findings of different researches identify the implications of the<br />

institutionalization on children and the discussion made in the article concludes with these<br />

sociological implications. It also invites the researchers to make scientific investigation about the<br />

effects of residential care services being provided in the country.<br />

Keywords: INSTITUTIONAL CARE ; CHILDREN<br />

INTRODUCTION:<br />

The concept of institutional care in not new. Historical record presents its presence. Initially they<br />

were established in Egyptian temples. However, “Xenodochia”, were the first homes established<br />

in Greece and later on this tradition was practiced in the middle Ages. Varazdin which is a city<br />

of Croatia has a long tradition of hospices or Xenodochia as institutions for accommodation and<br />

care of disabled, poor and elderly citizens, and occasional travelers. Preserved documents also<br />

show that these institutions existed till 1454 (Piasek).<br />

During the period of the industrial revolution, "institutionalization" was introduced in many<br />

countries of Europe for the care of disabled, poor and aged. An expansion and development of<br />

COPY RIGHT © 2011 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 338

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