gender differential paper IJCRB

ijcrb.webs.com
JUNE 2011
INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS VOL 3, NO 2
Kalash life is being effected by the socio-cultural climate of the surrounding areas. Change is
occurring in many aspects of the life of Kalash people. Most of the Kafirs (especially of
Bumburet and Rumbur) have started giving up some of the old traditions and customs. The
Kafirs of Birir valley are more orthodox and follow their customs more religiously then the
Kafirs of Bumburet and Rumbur (Wikipedia, 2008).
This situation may be due to the fact Bumburet and Rumbur valleys are the most picturesque
than Birir valley. Most of the tourists like to stay in these two valleys. That is why, the frequency
of interaction of the people of Rumbur and Bumburet is higher than the people of Birir.
Consequently, “Rukmulas” and “Momolas” are not as rigid as “Birilas” to accept any change in
their life.
Certain development projects have been started by the government in Kalash valleys. Hospitals
have been established Kalash valleys but usually they are run by dispensers instead of qualified
doctors. Schools have also being established in valleys. Staff has been appointed in these schools
who are generally Muslim. Syllabus and educational policies for Kalash students have been
made by provincial government of N.W.F.P. These policies and syllabus for Kalash students are
same as for the students of other provincially administered schools of N.W.F.P.
Loude and Lievre (1988) have not described any formal arrangement of education of Kalash
children by Kalash themselves before the establishment of schools in valleys by the government.
However, their different festivals marriage and death ceremonies and various religious practices
had played and are still playing an important role in the informal education of their children. In
Kalash valleys girls learn their roles from mothers and boys from their fathers. It is strictly
prohibited for Kalash girls to do such pieces of work as are specified for boys, in the same way,
boys are not allowed to do such types of work as are specified for girls.
In such a situation where attention in being paid by the government to the development of
Kalash valleys, the education of Kalash people too can play an important role in their overall
development
1.1 Statement of the Problem
Presently Kalash are exposed to different influences from outside. Infrastructure is being
improved by the government. Health and enhancement facilities are also increasing. There are
efforts to provide education to Kalash children, but the Kalash people are indifferent to the
formal education of their children. There has not been any scientific sociological study to
examine the attitude of Kalash people towards the formal education of their children. The study
is planned to find out the impact of the interaction of Kalash people with non-Kalash on the
attitude of Kalash people towards the formal education of people.
1.2 Objective of the Study
1. To study the level of interaction of Kalash people with non-Kalash.
2. To examine the attitude of Kalash people towards the formal education of their
children.
3. To find out a relationship, if any, between the interaction of Kalash people with non-
Kalash and the attitude of Kalash people towards the formal education of their
children.
COPY RIGHT © 2011 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 1499