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Chapter 7 155<br />
measured under Ar. Atomic absorption spectroscopic (AAS) analysis for mixed-metal<br />
materials to determine Cu, and Pd contents were performed in the Microanalytical<br />
Laboratory of the Department of Analytical Chemistry at the Ruhr‐University Bochum by<br />
K. Bartholomäus. An AAS apparatus by Vario of type 6 (1998) was employed. Data<br />
interpretation was done by W. Zhang.<br />
7.1.8 Gas Sorption<br />
Experiments on sorption of CO2 (298 K) and H2 (77 K) as well as CO (298K) was performed<br />
with assistance of D. J. Xiao and D. Reed (the group of Prof. J. R. Long) at the Department<br />
of Chemistry in the University of California, Berkeley (USA). Part of the N2 sorption data<br />
were collected and interpreted by N. Arshadi at the laboratory of Industrial Chemistry<br />
department (Prof. Dr. M. Muhler) using a Quantachrome Autosorp-1 MP instrument. Most<br />
of N2 sorption data were collected and analyzed by W. Zhang.<br />
CO adsorption (298 K) and the majority of N2 (99.999%) sorption (77 K) measurements<br />
were performed using a Micromeritics 3Flex instrument. The N2 sorption isotherms of Ru-<br />
DEMOFs with defect 5-NH2-ip linker (3a-3d) samples were collected using a<br />
Quantachrome Autosorp-1 MP instrument, optimized protocols and N2 of 99.9995 %<br />
purity. Sorption isotherms of CO2 (298 K) and H2 (77 K) were conducted on a<br />
Micromeritics ASAP 2020 gas adsorption analyzer. The sample cells were cooled with a<br />
liquid nitrogen bath (77 K) or a liquid argon bath (87 K). For room temperature<br />
measurements (298 K) the sample cells were tempered in a water bath.<br />
Calculation of specific surface area and the isosteric heat of adsorption<br />
A method generated from BET theory, which was developed by Brunauer, Emmett, and<br />
Teller in 1938 as an extension of Langmuirs monolayer adsorption to a very simple model<br />
of multilayer physisorption, is commonly employed to calculate the specific surface area<br />
of a porous solid. This area value is usually determined from the data of physisorption<br />
nitrogen isotherms recorded at 77 K.<br />
The BET theory can be derived similarly to the Langmuir theory, but with the<br />
consideration of multilayered gas molecule adsorption, where it is not required for a layer<br />
to be completed before an upper layer formation starts. For the development of the BET<br />
method five assumptions have been made: i) The sample surface is homogeneous; ii)
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