Southern Africa focus - InfoMine

Pilot Crushtec, manufacturer of crushing,
screening and conveying systems, is making
its contribution to development in Africa
by providing equipment used to develop
infrastructure and to boost minerals production.
Equipment is being used by mines in the DRC,
and in mining and infrastructure development
in Namibia, Botswana, Mozambique, Angola,
Zambia and Kenya. In Namibia, large investments
have been made recently in Pilot Crushtec mobile
screening equipment for use in diamond mining.
Graham Kleinhans, Sales Manager, commented,
“We have embarked upon a serious marketing
drive into Africa. There is so much potential on
the continent and politically, Africa is now
considered to be more stable,” he said. “Our
company is aiming at a 30% to 40% growth
rate per annum and we believe we can achieve
this with our growing sales into Africa.”
He pointed out that 80% of sales into
African countries comprise complete systems
from its modular range of semi-mobile, skid
mounted, ready-to-run crushing, screening and
conveying equipment. “These systems meet
current needs in Africa because they are
cost-effective and relatively easy to move around.
The modular system is readily extended as the
need for production increases,” stated Kleinhans.
“Another interesting development is that
foreign companies investing in Africa have a
preference for equipment from South Africanbased
companies because they are assured of
an efficient back-up service. Now we can see
the benefit of a ‘made in South Africa’ sticker
on our products. Investors want to know the
product they buy has a warranty that means
something,” he said.
“We put everything together in one package
by providing a system for material to be fed in
at one end, processed and for the finished
product to come out on the other end,”
Kleinhans commented. “We put it all together
quickly, with a 12 month warranty, and we
guarantee that it will work smoothly. Today,
people prefer to buy the whole puzzle, and this
is the unique service that we provide.”
www.pilotcrushtec.com
At the beginning of January Bateman Engineering
secured the engineering, procurement and
construction (EPC) contracts with Equinox
SOUTHERN AFRICA FOCUS
Southern Africa focus
IM looks at some of the new ideas, new technologies and new techniques from a
few of the ever resourceful suppliers and engineers of South Africa and the region
Pilot Crushtec’s Slaes Manager, Graham Kleinhans,
stated that 80% of sales into African countries
comprise complete systems from its modular range of
semi-mobile, skid mounted, ready-to-run crushing,
screening and conveying equipment.
Minerals for the $408 million Lumwana project
in Zambia. The Lumwana project is one of the
largest copper projects to be undertaken on the
African continent. The project is to be executed
through a joint venture with Ausenco and is to
be split equally between the two companies.
Project completion is expected by June 2008.
Since January 2006, Bateman Engineering
and Ausenco have completed more than
one-third of the front end engineering and
design for the Lumwana project on a reimbursable
EPCM basis. Similarly, orders for a
majority of the major equipment items have
been placed and bulk earthworks will soon be
finished. Following the receipt of a notice to
proceed, the contract will convert from EPCM
to EPC, and the advance work performed will
enable Bateman Engineering to achieve rapid
FEBRUARY 2007 International Mining 25

SOUTHERN AFRICA FOCUS
progress and a relatively high percentage of
completion early on.
This new order brings the total amount of
new orders for the six month period ending
December 31, 2006 to some $500 million. This
is 185% up from the $175 million in new
orders for the same period in the previous year,
and significantly above the $308 million
secured in the entire previous financial year
ending June 2006. This very strong momentum
in new orders is a reflection of the continued
buoyant market in which Bateman is operating
as well as the success the company is realizing
in its strategic initiatives. Major new orders
were secured in Zambia (copper), South Africa
(coal handling) and India (zinc), increasing the
company's sector diversification and geographic
diversification. This is also a reflection of the
increasingly important role Bateman
Engineering is playing in the global resource
sector. Bateman Engineering expects to meet or
exceed market expectations for the current
financial year ending June 2007.
Commenting on these developments, Dr Sivi
Gounden, CEO of Bateman Engineering, said,
“The Lumwana copper contract underscores
Bateman Engineering's central role in the
development of mining resources in Central
Africa and in particular in the Copperbelt. This
project is one of the biggest copper developments
currently under way, and should provide Bateman
Engineering with an excellent reference site for
further work in the copper industry.”
www.batemanengineering.com
In October 2006 Bell Equipment started to
use the rollout of tier 3 specification engines in
its ADTs as an opportunity to introduce
upgrades to its D-series range. The most
noticeable changes were to the interior of the
cab. The instrument panel has been replaced
by one featuring newer technologies such as
stepper motor gauges, LED warning lights
rather than globes and a dot matrix screen as
opposed to a LCD screen.
Other cab improvements include the
repositioning of the relays, circuit breakers
and radio from the roof panel to a position at
the left hand side of the operator for better
access and easier service and maintenance.
The front windscreen bonding area has been
increased and a rear windscreen wiper option is
now available. Operator comfort and ease of
use were two of the key criteria for cab
upgrades; hence the steering wheel adjustment
clearance has also been improved along with
the cooler box temperature control and the seat
adjustment clearance. A further enhancement
to the cab is the new seat that boasts an
improved design to reduce whole body
vibration with fore and aft damping as
26 International Mining FEBRUARY 2007
The trommel viewed during final
manufacture at Multotec’s facilities
well as vertical isolation for greater operator
comfort.
An improved hydraulic block across the Bell
ADT range has reduced residual pressure to
effectively decrease fuel burn and reduce noise
in the cab. Improvedhydraulic hose routing and
a simpler brake pedal are geared to improve
reliability and offer easier servicing and
maintenance. Likewise, a simplified pneumatics
system has improved the commonality of
pneumatics systems throughout the range and
has succeeded in reducing the parts count. The
new hydraulic block has paved the way for the
introduction of an electro-hydraulic tip function
with an ‘I-Tip’ programmable control and tip
cylinder soft stops. The innovative I-Tip system
links the accelerator, neutral button on the
transmission, the soft stop on top of the
hydraulic cylinders, the park brake and the
bin-tip lever - all of which are monitored and
controlled by the electronic chassis control
module of the ADT. www.bell.co.za
Multotec has supplied two trommels to Lihir
gold mine in Papua New Guinea, fulfilling an
order placed by Outokumpu Australia. “These
trommels will be installed on the end of
Morganshammer mills manufactured by
Outokumpu; one is a SAG mill and the other a
ball mill,” explains Anthony Yell, Product
Manager - Screening.
On the SAG mill, the trommel is a unique
design and one which is not often used.
“Essentially, the trommel’s function is to
remove scats and pieces of steel balls which
were not completely ground down in the mill,
thereby protecting the downstream circuit
processes. While the SAG trommel operates in
this manner, here provision has been made for
a bucket wheel arrangement and return pipe at
the end of the trommel, which automatically
picks up the scats and returns these to the mill
for regrinding,” says Yell.
Generally this type of system uses water in
the return pipe to force the material back into
the mill. However, in this instance, the chute
work is designed to return the scats and pieces
of steel dry to reduce water content going back
to the mill and generally to reduce water
consumption. The return pipe has a spiral or
scroll arrangement to facilitate the feed of
material back into the mill.
“We designed it specifically to return only
the normal oversize amount of material back
into the mill. Should a grate plate in the mill
fail and the oversize be excessive, the return
system will limit the amount returned with the
balance reporting to an overflow chute. This
was done to prevent choking of the system,
rendering it failsafe,” he says.
The SAG trommel has an inside diameter of
1,710 mm and is 2,733 mm in length with a
mass of 4.5 t. Conventional modular injection
moulded polyurethane panels have been used
measuring 305 x 305 mm x 36 mm thick.
The second trommel is attached to the ball
mill and has an inside diameter of 2,697 mm, a

UUnlocking nlocking AAfrica’s frica’s WWealth ealth
FF or more than 40 years, Bateman Engineering expertise has been
assisting the African continent to release its mineral wealth through
the design, construction and project management of process plants
to convert natural resources into marketable products.
Metals processing plants.
Minerals processing plants.
Engineered technologies.
Finance facilitation.
■ Project services
Studies and planning, engineering, procurement, project
management, commissioning, operation and maintenance.
■ Finance and commercial facilitation
Sourcing funds for projects and arranging off-take agreements
for products.
■ Application of state-of-the-art process technology
Design and construction of commercially viable process plants.
■ In-house know-how
Feed preparation, minerals processing, solvent extraction,
electrowinning, etc.
Smelting, molten-metal and slag handling.
Bulk-materials handling, conveying and conveying, storage silos.
Environmental and dust control.
Bateman Engineering handles all kinds of projects, from the largest
turnkey contracts to retrofits, modifications, audits and staff
training. Flexible contract structures manage commercial risk.
Our proud track record includes Kasese – cobalt, Uganda;
Skorpion – zinc, Nambia; Chambishi – cobalt, Angola; Zisco –
iron ore, Zimbabwe; Moma – mineral sands, Mozambique and
Miba – diamonds, DRC; as well as many of South Africa’s leading
projects in diamonds, platinum-group metals, industrial minerals,
base metals and gold.
Bateman Engineering N. V.
Amsteldijk 166, 1079 LH Amsterdam, Netherlands
Offices in Africa, the Americas, Australasia and Eurasia
For your process-plant requirements, call us at:
Tel : +27-11-899-9111
Email: enquiries@BatemanEngineering.com
Web: www.BatemanEngineering.com
– process plants that work

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SOUTHERN AFRICA FOCUS
length of 3,628 mm and a mass of 11 t. “In
this trommel, we have used the latest designs
developed using Finite Element Analysis by
Multotec with extensive cross bracing, which
reduces the chances of torsional twisting when
started under load,” Yell points out.
When trommels reach over 2.5 m in diameter,
it is cost effective to use large bolt- down
screen panels, as less steelwork is required,
reducing the costs of the steel structure and
making it lighter. This trommel is fitted with
cast polyurethane panels 596 x 875 mm x 50 mm
thick.
The frames on both trommels are rubber
lined to prevent corrosion and erosion of the
steelwork and extend the life of the trommel
frame. They were both manufactured at
Multotec’s Spartan facility and panels were
installed prior to shipping.
www.multotec.com
Boart Longyear (BL) has moved from a
regional to a global structure and, in South
Africa, this means that all manufacturing
operations and warehousing of the group’s
other product lines have been consolidated at
Boart Longyear Roodepoort. The Roodepoort
plant has been designated as one of BL’s global
centre’s of excellence which
means that – in addition to
selling and supporting the
full range of BL products
and services - it is now the
group’s sole manufacturer
of certain product lines for
the global market. Locally
manufactured products
include the worldrenowned
percussive
rockdrills and hardrock
tools.
BL’s fastest growing
business sector is drilling
services – which provides
rigs, crews and project
management services for
drilling applications across the spectrum of
surface coring, underground coring and longhole
drilling and blasting operations – and is
active across sub-Saharan Africa, from its
Roodepoort base. Working predominantly in
Botswana and South Africa, BL draws on its
innovative capability and international expertise
to overcome the difficult drilling challenges and
is the region’s exclusive provider of underground
directional coal drilling services and a
leader in long-hole drilling and blasting.
“In Roodepoort, and around the world, our
dual status as drilling service provider and
drilling product manufacturer gives us a unique
perspective on our customers’ needs and the
30 International Mining FEBRUARY 2007
optimal solutions required to satisfy them,”
says Marketing Manager Joseph Oerson.
“Whether undertaking surface coring or underground
percussive drilling operations for our
customers – or supplying them with products
for their own use - we only sell and use the
world’s most trusted equipment.
“All the rigs, the consumables and the
technology – for rotary, sonic, surface coring,
underground coring and geotechnical applications -
are developed and manufactured by us to the
toughest specifications, with valued input from
our own highly experienced drilling operators,”
Oerson commented.
www.boartlongyear.com
NCS Engineering has been a supplier of
failsafe braking systems to the mining industry
since the late 1980s.The last few years saw the
introduction of the Maxim-B brand of
failsafe braking systems, which included a
range of products for a variety of trackless
mining vehicles, including a range of brakes for
the utility vehicle market.
Nxco Mining Technologies’ NoneX rock breaking
cartridges being used in a narrow vein platinum stope.
With an increased presence in the market
place and the apparent lack of purpose built
personnel carriers and support vehicles for
underground mining applications, the company
decided to design and develop its own mining
support vehicle. The company’s primary
objective was to develop and supply a purpose
built vehicle to withstand the underground
environment, with emphasis on build and
component quality, safety and the reduction of
the maintenance and operational costs.
The result, the new Maxim-B support
vehicle, is driven through four hydrostatic drive
motors fitted to the wheel ends of the vehicle.
These drives can be supplied either as single or
dual speed ranges and offer an excellent means
of power transmission when variable output
speed is required. Hydrostatic drives typically
outperform mechanical and electrical variablespeed
drives and gear-type transmissions, offering
a relatively fast response, allowing for vastly
variable speed control and being able to
maintain precise speed under varying loads.
In addition to this, they are able to offer a
smooth and controllable acceleration and they
can be stalled without any damage. The ease
of control, compact and lighter package and
advanced electronic control of the drive
motors made it a favourable selection for the
support vehicle.
The Maxim-B support vehicle comes fitted
with a 48 kW naturally aspirated diesel engine.
A Maxim-B liquid cooled SAHR type failsafe
braking system is fitted to all four wheels. The
vehicle is initially offered in either a high (1.8 m)
or low (1.4 m) profile configured as a personnel
carrier with a load bay.
www.maximb.co.za
NoneX rock breaking cartridges, Nxco
Mining Technologies’ low impact method of
breaking rock and concrete, have been
exported and used in 26 countries worldwide.
They are accepted worldwide
as a viable alternative
to the use of high
explosives. The unique
characteristics of the NoneX
cartridge make it the product
of first choice in any
rock breaking application in
environmentally sensitive
areas or in close proximity
to existing infrastructure,
providing safe and effective
non-explosive rock breaking
and boulder splitting. The
cartridges break rock with
minimal fly rock, vibration
and noise and are available
in 12, 28, 34 and 60-mm
diameters; and in charge-weights from 2 to
500 g. www.nonex.co.za
“Roymec Technologies cover all aspects of
solid-liquid separation including screening and
dual media filtration,” says Managing Director,
Malcolm Royal. “Our emphasis is to offer
customized solutions to our customers, which
extend from laboratory and pilot plant testing,
design assistance around core equipment
through to installation and commissioning.”
From membrane filters through to filter
presses and including thickeners, vacuum belt
filters and screens, Roymec Technologies’ offers
an extensive complement of solid-liquid
separation equipment. Its portfolio also includes

SOUTHERN AFRICA FOCUS
The Melco Rollerbrake was designed to prevent belt
runback. By adding it to the conventional Melco roll it
provides unidirectional stopping to any inclined
conveyor installation.
continuous and fixed bed ion exchange
systems. Pin bed clarifier technology has
enhanced its range recently. Recent sales into
Zambia, for instance, include dual media filters
for Kansanshi and Mopani and pin bed clarifiers
for Nkana. Belt screens have been sold into
Kazakhstan, for Varvarinskoye and vacuum belt
filters for FGD projects in China.
www.roymec.edx.co.za
LignoTech manufactures a variety of
lignin-based products that are environmentally
friendly and are based on renewable natural
resources, namely lignosulphate, which is a
co-product of cellulose production. For
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32 International Mining FEBRUARY 2007
instance, LignoTech manufactures lignin-based
dispersants that prevent elemental sulphur,
formed during pressure-leaching, from coating
the desired sulphide ore particles. Recovery of
copper, nickel, zinc and other metals is thus
increased. The binding property of lignosulphonates
is utilized as a dust palliative for
dust control on roads and other dust binding
applications. www.lignotech.com
The Melco Rollerbrake was designed and
developed to prevent belt runback, reduce
downtime and minimize the risk of injury to
personnel. By adding the Rollerbrake to the
conventional Melco roll, this essential device
provides reliable unidirectional stopping power
to any inclined conveyor installation, and
supplements conventional conveyor holdback
devices in the event of their failure. The contact
surfaces of the brake are not load-bearing
during normal operation, so there is no
additional friction added to the conveyor
installation. Melco Rollerbrakes are available in
all Melco standard roller shaft and bearing
configurations. www.melcoconveyors.com
Nedbank Capital, the investment banking
business of the Nedbank Group consists of a
number of divisions that together manage the
structuring, lending, underwriting and trading
businesses. One such division is Specialized
Finance with its three sectoral specialist teams
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that serve as Nedbank Capital’s knowledge
hub: energy; infrastructure; mining and
resources. Mark Tyler, Head of Mining and
Resources at Nedbank Capital said, “The
investment bank adopted an industryknowledge
model three years ago where strong
sector-focused teams pursue opportunities in
mining, energy, and infrastructure.”
The Mining and Resources team specializes
in the customized design and implementation
of sophisticated and innovative deal solutions
to entities undertaking major infrastructure and
mining projects in Africa and the rest of the
world. These include structured debt,
project finance, equity, quasi-equity and
corporate advisory services that take advantage
of Nedbank’s substantial balance sheet to
create value for its clients. Tyler says the Mining
and Resources unit has emerged as a formidable
project finance force, with deal flow having
contributed about a third of all project-financerelated
activities over the past two years in
South Africa.
The unit provides a single gateway to the
wide range of assets - both intellectual and
financial - that are available at Nedbank. The
team's considerable hands-on expertise and
deep understanding of banking products and
services allow it to guide clients to an optimal
solution quickly and efficiently.
The final critical path component necessary to proceed on schedule,
the ball mill, was successfully delivered to Rio Narcea’s Tasiast gold
project in Mauritania in October 2006.
The team specializes in providing complete
deal solution from sourcing and negotiating the
transaction to providing relevant advice and
designing an optimal funding package that
creates benefits for all parties. This offering
02/07
embraces the full range of financing instruments
(equity and quasi-equity, as well as mezzanine,
junior and senior debt funding), the syndication
of such instruments, documentation and postdeal
administration. www.nedbank.co.za
FEBRUARY 2007 International Mining 33

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SOUTHERN AFRICA FOCUS
Rio Narcea’s Tasiast gold project in
Mauritania has total proven and probable
reserves of 885,000 oz gold, with a further
1.19 Moz in measured and indicated resources.
In January 2005, Rio Narcea awarded the basic
engineering for the project to Senet. Capital
costs for the Tasiast project are estimated at
$63.5 million and the cash cost over the
eight-plus year open pit mine-life is expected to
average $240/oz.
In November 2005, construction commenced
followed by a lump-sum turnkey contract,
finalized in January 2006 with Senet for the
construction of the plant, the camp and related
facilities. Construction of the project is expected
to be completed during the first half of 2007,
with first gold production expected shortly
thereafter.
All critical path items were on site by the
beginning of November and construction was
proceeding on schedule. The final critical path
component necessary to proceed on schedule,
the ball mill, which was manufactured and jaw crusher were due to arrive at the end of
bench-tested in China, was successfully
November. Civil construction was 92%
delivered to the mine site in October 2006. complete, with pending work relating to the
The overall progress of Senet’s works at the crushing area, foundations, laboratory and
end of October was 80% with engineering ROM tipping bin. The structural and mechanical
completed and orders procured. The shipping erection was 46% complete and electrical
was 64% complete. The cone crushers were works 20% complete. The tailings storage
already in Mauritania and the thickener and the facilities were well advanced with paddock 1
complete and earthworks
and plastic lining
of paddock 2 in
progress.
Clayton Equipment Ltd The water supply to
Maximum Uptime the mine had been
Minimum Maintenance established, with the
pipeline successfully
pressure tested and the
World Leading Locomotives
reservoir ready. The
& Haulage Solutions
diesel power plant
for Mining, Tunnelling &
became operational in
Surface Transport
December 2006.
With 73 years of experience and “The delivery of the
ISO 9001:2000 approval,
ball mill represents the
Clayton Equipment can satisfy any final critical piece of
haulage requirement at lowest cost
equipment to arrive
of ownership.
safely on site. Our
•¥Battery,
Trolley, Diesel &
construction timetable
Flameproof Battery Locomotives
continues to progress
•¥Rolling
Stock
on schedule. When
combined with the
•¥Transfer
Cars
recently announced
•¥Refurbishments
and conversions
18% increase in open
•¥Custom
Builds
pit ounces, our
•¥Training
optimism for the Tasiast
Please contact us for more information: gold project and our
Clayton Equipment Ltd
ability to augment gold
Telephone Telephone: +44 (0) 1283 870 112 812382 9191 Fax: Fax +44 (0) 870 1283 112 814772 9192
e-mail info@claytonequipment.co.uk ounces in and around
web site www.claytonequipment.co.uk it, has been further
36 International Mining FEBRUARY 2007
A birdseye view of Mintek’s Atomijet at Implats
refinery in Springs, showing the melting head (right)
and the atomizer cup (left), with the power supply in
the background.
enhanced,” said Chris von Christierson,
Chairman and CEO of Rio Narcea.
www.rionarcea.com
At the end of December 2006 Major Drilling
Group International purchased the drilling operations
of the Longstaff Group in southern Africa.
These include the operations of Raldril in South
Africa, RA Longstaff in Botswana, and RA
Longstaff in Namibia.
These businesses operate in regions where
Major Drilling does not currently have a presence.
Through this purchase Major Drilling will acquire
55 conventional drill rigs, together with related
support equipment, inventory, and contracts.
“We are very pleased to welcome these new
operations into the Major group. Not only does
this acquisition provide us with assets, experienced
drillers and existing contracts in southern
Africa, but it will also facilitate our expansion
into other countries in the region,” said Francis
McGuire, President and CEO of Major Drilling
Group International. www.majordrilling.com
DRA Mineral Projects is an engineering
company which specializes in project management
and process plant design. The company also
offers services in feasibility studies, procurement
of equipment and supplies, fabrication and
erection, commissioning and training. In August
2006 DRA completed the upgrade of Anglo
Platinum’s Amandelbult concentrator from
30,000 to 75,000 t/month throughput of UG2
ore.

The extension consisted of front-end
conveying upgrades, transfer and feeding
station modifications, crushing, silo storage,
primary, secondary silicate and chrome milling,
four stages of flotation, classification and sampling.
Ore is received via the existing UG2
rail-bunker system, and the new plant makes
use of up-graded existing tailings thickening,
reagent make-up and concentrate handling
facilities.
Critical to the entire project was the tie-in to
existing operating plant. Due to the substantial
feed requirement increases required after a load
flow study was completed by Lebedev, DRA
had to change conveyor profiles, belting,
pulleys, drives, electrics, add feeders and
strengthen the structural steelwork in
buildings. www.drasa.co.za
Mintek, based in Randburg, South Africa,
specializes in mineral and metallurgical research
and development (R&D), technology transfer
and beneficiation. Working closely with industry
and other R&D institutions, Mintek provides
service testwork, process development and
optimization, consulting and innovative products
to clients worldwide. In October 2006 Implats
successfully commissioned Mintek’s Atomijet
atomizer for Impala Platinum Refineries in
Springs, South Africa.
The custom-designed unit employs induction
heating to melt the charge, and three highpressure
water nozzles to impact on the stream
of molten metal, transforming it into fine
powder. Control of the pour is automated to
ensure consistent results. “The technology is
similar to normal atomizing, but is more costeffective”,
said Nick Maritz, Manager of
Mintek’s Engineering Services Division.
“The particles of the product produced by
the Atomijet are somewhat coarser than
those from a normal atomizer – 90% smaller
than 300 m as opposed to 40 to 70 m,
which is much finer than needed for some
applications.”
The Atomijet was originally developed as an
adjunct to Mintek’s Minataur all-hydrometallurgical
gold refining process, in which it is used
to prepare atomized gold for leaching. The unit
at Impala is a second-generation machine
featuring a number of improvements.
“Specifically, the melting head and the atomizer
cup have been separated, each with its own
independent induction heating coil”, explained
Maritz. “This enables greater operating temperatures
to be attained – in excess of 1,600°C,
compared to about 1,100°C with the earlier
models. This extends the range of materials that
can be processed.” www.mintek.co.za
Mining equipment simulators are becoming
more and more popular, particularly in the
02/07
current times of long lead times for equipment.
They allow operators to be trained without
taking equipment out of the production process.
Fifth Dimension Technologies (5DT) offers
simulators for surface mining (like haul trucks,
all kind of loading tools and dozers) and underground
(like continuous miners and roof bolters).
Looking in more detail at the longwall
training simulator, the trainee wears a Head
Mounted Display (HMD) and controls the
machine with the same radio remote controller
that is used for the real machine. First the
trainee is taught the shearer, and then how to
operate the radio device. From this point, the
trainee can move on to cutting coal with the
shearer. The operator can control the primary
and secondary booms, the cutting drums, the
cutting direction, the water sprays and the
cowels. The longwall roof supports are
controlled from the simulator keyboard.
As well as teaching control of the shearer,
this simulator can teach trainees about the
longwall process. Trainees can ‘walk’ up and
down the face and underneath the shields.
Trainees can view the advance of the longwall
in accelerated mode, facilitating a rapid
understanding of the mining method. The system
also has a ‘see-through’ mode where the longwall
may be viewed from any angle through
the coal. www.5dt.com
FEBRUARY 2007 International Mining 37