Suretta Sud Glacier - Servizio Glaciologico Lombardo

mass balance 

DETAILS OF THE METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS 

Sils/Maria 

(Alta Engadina, Cantone dei Grigioni - Svizzera) 

Quota: 1798 m/slm 

Coordinate: 46° 26’ N / 09° 46’ E 

Esposizione: NW 

Gestore e fornitore dei dati: MeteoSchweiz 

The village of Sils/Maria is located on the floor of the Upper Engadina Valley, at 

the end of Val di Fex; it is only a few kilometres from the main Rhaetic ridge. The 

Upper Engadina, though being the best example of a mid–Alpine valley, has the 

hydro-meteorological characteristics of the Southern Alps. No coincidence: November 

2002, recorded as the month with the highest precipitation since1864, 

was characterized by strong south-westerly currents. Sils/Maria has logged a 

rare, enviable and uninterrupted 140-year long series of climatic data. For the 

comparisons only the 1988-2005 mean value has been considered, to allow a 

match with the S. Antonio data, whose mean value is referred to the same period. 

Bivacco Corti 

(Val d’Arigna, Orobie Valtellinesi, Sondrio - Italia) 


Coordinate CTR: N 5103334 - E 1576374 

Esposizione: SE 

Gestore: Servizio Glaciologico Lombardo 

The thermo – hygrometric station is located at Bivacco Corti, a few dozen meters 

from the Lupo Glacier. Despite being slightly north of the Orobic watershed, the 

sensor has a good sunny exposure also during the winter months. The thermo– 

hygrometric sensor is located inside a Davis passive solar screen (8 plates), 205 

cm above the ground. The monthly average values have been calculated on 

the basis of the daily maximum and minimum temperatures (tmax + tmin) / 2. 

Sondrio 

(fondovalle valtellinese - Italia) 


Coordinate: 46°10’ N / 09°52’ E 

Esposizione: S (fondovalle) 

Gestore: Fabio Pozzoni (ass.ne meteonetwork) 

The station, active since 2002, is located outside the town and minimally affected 

by the town heat. Its data are representative of climatic conditions of the 

Scalino-Painale and southern Disgrazia Massif Sectors. Thermically speaking, its 

position on the valley floor adequately tracks the thermal values of the foehn 

episodes, though maintaining typically continental thermal conditions. The 

average rain values (1988/2006 time interval) have been calculated based on 

ERSAF data (1988/2001), together with data by F. Pozzoni from 2002 onwards. 

Massimeno 

(versante sinistro Val Rendena (TN) - Italia) 


Coordinate: 46°08’ N / 10°46’ E 

Esposizione: O (versante) 

Gestore: Andrea Toffaletti (S.G.L.) 

The station, in operation since 2001, it is located on a grassy slope, 180 cm 

above the ground in the Massimeno territory, on the left orographic side 

of Val Rendena. The station is located about 110 m above the valley floor, 

at an altitude of 860 m a.s.l. and reproduces the pluviometric conditions of 

the western side of the Adamello Massif. The historical average has been 

calculated with data from the Pinzolo meteorological station (2 km North) 

from 1920 to 1990 and from the Massimeno station from 2001 onwards. 

- 62 - 

S. Antonio Valfurva 

(Alta Valtellina, Valfurva, Sondrio - Italia) 


Coordinate: 46°27’ N / 10° 25’ E 

Esposizione: S 

Gestore e fornitore dei dati: Giuseppe Cola (S.G.L.) 

The meteorological station, because of its central position among the Upper 

Valtellina glaciers, has been an important reference point for the SGL 

snow-meteorological reports for the past 15 years. Located on the valley 

floor, though being in a hydro-meteorological context drier than to the 

rest of the region*, the station is however representative of the condition 

of the nearby SGL snow site of the Monte Sobretta (Alpe Sud Glacier, 3180 

m). The historical series was based on the data recorded during the period 

1987/1988 – 2005. 

* S. Antonio di Valfurva (649, 2 mm/year of rainfalls) is, together with Livigno, 

among the driest places of Lombardy. 

Bivacco Resnati 

(Val d’Arigna, Orobie Valtellinesi, Sondrio - Italia) 


Coordinate CTR: N 5103871 - E 1577294 

Esposizione: N 


The thermo–hygrometric station is set on a large boulder sheltering the 

Bivacco Resnati, on top of the right lateral moraine and approx.100 m 

away from the Marovin Glacier. The orographic shadow is so efficient that 

the thermo–hygrometer is overshadowed for nearly 5 months. The sensor 

is located inside a Davis passive solar screen (8 plates), 540 cm above 

the ground. The monthly average values have been calculated on the basis 

of the daily maximum and minimum temperatures (tmax + tmin) / 2. 

Andalo Valtellino 

(fondovalle valtellinese, Sondrio - Italia) 


Coordinate: 46°08’ N / 09° 28’ E 

Esposizione: N (fondovalle) 

Gestore e fornitore dei dati: Riccardo Scotti (S.G.L.) 

The village, located at the lower end of Valtellina, represents very well the 

pluviometric conditions of the Orobic sector and, partially, Val Chiavenna. 

The station, located at “i Burnìgui”, enjoys a better sunny exposure than the 

town centre in the winter days. The Lower Valtellina climate, less continental 

than its Middle or Upper sectors, is mitigated by the vicinity of Lake Como. 

The precipitation average is based on the annual figure of 1350 mm**. 

The monthly values are based on annual data from the historical series 

1988/2006 at Morbegno (SO), a site located few kilometres East of the meteorological 

station. 

** Average precipitations chart, annual min and max values on the Lombardy 

alpine territory (1981/1990), M. Ceriani and M. Carelli, Lombardy Region. 

Passo Venerocolo 

(alta Val d’Avio, Gruppo Adamello - Italia) 


Coordinate: 46°08’ N / 10°46’ E 

Esposizione: S (cima) 


The Passo Venerocolo station, installed at 3230 m a.s.l. near the southern 

fore-peak of Monte dei Frati, is currently the highest thermo–hygrometric 

station in Lombardy. The sensor is less than 100 m away from the Glacier 

and a few dozen meters above it. The thermo–hygrometric sensor 

is located inside a Davis passive solar screen (8 plates), 150 cm above the 

ground. The monthly average values have been calculated on the basis 

of the daily maximum and minimum temperatures (tmax + tmin) / 2.

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Suretta Sud Glacier - Servizio Glaciologico Lombardo

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