Quran and modern science compatible or incompatible

Modern science has discovered that in estuaries,
where fresh (sweet) and salt water meet, the
situation is somewhat different from that found in
places where two salt water seas meet. It has been
discovered that what distinguishes fresh water from
salt water in estuaries is a “pycnocline zone with a
marked density discontinuity separating the two
layers.” 1 This partition (zone of separation) has a
salinity different from both the fresh water and the
salt water. 2
This phenomenon occurs in several places, including
Egypt, where the river Nile flows into the
Mediterranean Sea.
These scientific phenomena mentioned in the Qur’an
was also confirmed by Dr. William Hay, a wellknown
marine scientist and Professor of Geological
Sciences at the University of Colorado, U.S.A.
DARKNESS IN DEPTHS OF OCEAN
Prof. Durga Rao is a world renowned expert in the
field of Marine Geology and was a professor at King
Abdul Aziz University in Jeddah. He was asked to
comment on the following verse:
“Or (the Unbelievers’ state)
is like the depths of darkness
in a vast deep ocean,
____________________________________________________________
1
Oceanography, Gross, p. 242. Also see Introductory Oceanography,
Thurman, pp. 300-301.
2
Oceanography, Gross, p. 244 and Introductory Oceanography,
Thurman, pp. 300-301.