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On magic<br />
things do not have their own names. They are not observable by means of<br />
vision and touch, and explanations of their specific origins are not to be<br />
found in visual and tactile differences. All we can say about these occult<br />
forms is that they do exist. As a result, we conclude that not even the<br />
demons themselves could talk about them easily, if they were to choose<br />
to discuss them with us, using our words and the meanings which are<br />
signified by our words.<br />
Secondly, the bondings arising from sounds and songs<br />
A second type of bonding is based on the conformity between numbers,<br />
between measures and between times. This is the origin of those rhythms<br />
and songs which have such a very great power. Some people are affected<br />
more by tragedies, others by comic melodies, and others are affected generally<br />
in all cases. Some even react like that barbarian general who, when<br />
he heard musical instruments played very skilfully, said that he preferred<br />
to hear the neighing of his horse. He clearly proved by this that he was a<br />
disgrace and was unworthy of appearing to be human.<br />
By the term ‘songs’ we intend to refer to much more than harmonies,<br />
for as some have experienced, the most powerful songs and poems seem to<br />
contain more discord than harmony. Perhaps such was the condition of the<br />
soul of that subhuman general who was more easily influenced by the sounds<br />
of his horse’s neighing. For just like someone who looks at the sensible harmonies<br />
of vision, the souls of humans and horses and dogs are captured by<br />
different harmonious sounds, and different things are beautiful according<br />
to the condition of each species. As is said in the proverb ‘from an ass to a<br />
lyre’, not all songs are well suited for everyone. And as different harmonies<br />
bind different souls, so also different magicians bind different spirits.<br />
These bonds are tenacious for two reasons. First, they are perceived or<br />
encountered in the soul through hearing, just as the voices of the Marsi and<br />
the Psylli became such powerful voices when they were present in the serpent.<br />
26 Second, the bonding effect is brought to completion by an occult<br />
murmur which, analogously to the relations between spirits, did not originally<br />
come from the binder to the bound for the purposes of bonding. For<br />
those who are enchanted do not always hear the voice of their enchanters,<br />
and even when they do, they are not sensibly affected immediately.<br />
26 Both the Marsi, a people who lived near Lago di Celano in Southern Italy, and the Psylli, a people<br />
who lived near Sidra on the North African coast, were well-known as snake charmers.<br />
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