The Malayan Communist Party as Recorded in the Comintern Files

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These also bore close similarity to the Twelve-point Revolutionary Programme adopted at the Third Representative Conference of the MCP in early 1932 except that in the latter “the abolition of the capitalist system and the development of the Malayan nationals’ ( 马来亚民族 ) economy through socialism” (clause 5) and “opposition against all reactionary religions” (clause 8) were added. 22 Indeed, it would seem that the Twelve-point Revolutionary Programme might have been based on the lengthy, almost comprehensive, instructions from the ES that were drafted after the Ducroux mission had been detained. If so, it remains a mystery who delivered the instruction to the MCP and by what means. Yet it suggests that the fundamental policy lines of the MCP had not changed from its inauguration to 1932. (2) English draft letter from the ES to the MCP, dated 8 July 1931. “The Present Situation in Malaya and the Task of the CPM (sic)”. Cruxes are shown first: (1) The MCP should support the movement of Siam, Burma and Indonesia. (2) The Comintern appreciates the courageous activity of the CPM (MCP). (3) But the Party still remains as a part of the CCP. (4) The Party should strengthen peasant, working class movement and anti-imperialist movement. Details are below: (1) The CPM by virtue of its strategic position and the development of the Communist movement is called upon to actively support the movement in Siam and Burma as well as in the re-establishment of a Communist Party in Indonesia. It should train for short periods native workers from these countries, and guide these Communist groups which must not be considered as Section of the CPM. (2) The ECCI (Executive Committee of the Comintern) notes with satisfaction the courageous activity of the CPM which in spite of many shortcomings is beginning to be established as an independent political force. It has organised and participated in a number of strike struggles and carried on agitation in defense of the SU as well as Chinese and Indian revolutions. The ECCI particularly notes with approval the step forward made by the Party at the Third Congress. (3) But the Party has failed to organise and lead the peasantry and has not mobilised wide sections of workers. The Party has functioned mainly as a “Section” [original 74
quotation marks] of the CCP and remains as a Party composed mainly of Chinese workers. Imminent tasks; i) Organising, initiating, leading and carrying on strike movement of the working class and the fight of the peasantry, plantation and agricultural labourers. ii) Extending and strengthening the anti-imperialist movement, securing and maintaining the independent leadership of the working class. 23 This second letter of 8 July appeared to have had a comparatively favourable assessment of the MCP. Yet both letters were concerned that the MCP was still mainly a Chinese party despite the decision taken at its inaugural congress. As for the issue of armed insurrection, an MCP letter of 2 January 1931 placed “general strike” together with “armed insurrection by toiling class” among its “present political tasks”. The MCP’s letter of 7 February 1931, however, specified that the uprising of toiling masses (or terrorism) and general strike “only [for the] purpose of propaganda”. Maybe because of this, the ES or the FEB considered it necessary to issue its instruction which was to deny any resort to armed insurrection even as a slogan. Still, the MCP might have been embarrassed and not merely confused by the Comintern’s changing and inconsistent standpoint on armed insurrection. 4. Shanghai Municipal Police Files Files are summarized below: (1) Fu Ta-ching first arrived in Singapore in November 1928. The Communist movement in Malaya was under his direction since then until his arrest on 1 June 1931. (2) The following seized documents are purported to have emanated from Lefranc [Ducroux]. Letter dated ‘Singapore 27.3.31’, partly in French and partly in code, refer to the arrival of a certain person from Shanghai for information work. One ‘Mr. Jack’ is mentioned. 24 75
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2016 NO. 1 The Malayan Communist Pa
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ISSUE: 2016 NO. 01 CONTENTS Preface
Page 5 and 6:
I would also like to thank Professo
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List of Tables Table 1 Membership o
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Yong contended that the MCP’s ant
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While continuing my research at ISE
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13. Nandao zhi Chun (Spring of Sout
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document, dated 15 January 1942, si
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1. Establishment of the Nanyang Pro
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PC members, Wen Xin Ruo (Вень
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The CCP’s instruction was also sa
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In May 1930, under the guidance of
Page 25 and 26: (15) Tan Tiu-jeng, alias Tan Jui-se
Page 27 and 28: 6. Changes in the Comintern’s Str
Page 29 and 30: (1) Name of the Party: for several
Page 31 and 32: Presidium (GC). From the Comintern
Page 33 and 34: Notes 1. Nandao zhi Chun (Spring of
Page 35 and 36: 26. US National Archives & Records
Page 37 and 38: January 1931 (Ф. 495 оп.62 д.3)
Page 39 and 40: Soon after this conference [before
Page 41 and 42: Yong wrote that the MCP was founded
Page 43 and 44: imperialist can be driven out and t
Page 45 and 46: With regard to ((3)-(b)), “people
Page 47 and 48: and Indians, participated in a demo
Page 49 and 50: entitled “The principal demands o
Page 51 and 52: implemented. It is indispensable to
Page 53 and 54: conditions than the native workers.
Page 55 and 56: The MCP’s resolutions quoted abov
Page 57 and 58: 4. Letter from Wang Yung Hai to the
Page 59 and 60: October 1929. In April 1931, the Co
Page 61 and 62: (4) Wang Yung Hai wrote in December
Page 63 and 64: and workers and peasants’ uprisin
Page 65 and 66: We are expecting, after the above m
Page 67 and 68: they had no connections with the Co
Page 69 and 70: It seemed rather strange that the u
Page 71 and 72: code; it was neither translated nor
Page 73 and 74: Details are below: (1) Socio-econom
Page 75: vii) Create opposition groups in th
Page 79 and 80: 6. Sophie, op., cit., p.169. This p
Page 81 and 82: CHAPTER V THE MCP AND THE COMINTERN
Page 83 and 84: 1932, demonstrations against the Bi
Page 85 and 86: We already have considerable organi
Page 87 and 88: Membership has not changed since si
Page 89 and 90: ecorded the arrest on 22 June 1934
Page 91 and 92: organisations should also participa
Page 93 and 94: Cruxes are shown first: (1) One del
Page 95 and 96: As to MCP’s delegates in Shanghai
Page 97 and 98: Extraordinaire: Lai Teck, Secretary
Page 99 and 100: CHAPTER VI THE MCP AND THE COMINTER
Page 101 and 102: was founded in early 1928, 11 the M
Page 103 and 104: (2) Shanghai Municipal Police Files
Page 105 and 106: The most important decision taken a
Page 107 and 108: workers were mobilized, the Chinese
Page 109 and 110: to “cooperate with Britain”. Th
Page 111 and 112: We should eliminate the danger of r
Page 113 and 114: turn favorable. Even though they ha
Page 115 and 116: of North Malaya insisted that only
Page 117 and 118: 9. Ф. 495 оп.62 д.30. / In its
Page 119 and 120: CHAPTER VII THE MCP AND THE COMINTE
Page 121 and 122: assembly, organisation, belief and
Page 123 and 124: (2) Characteristics of present stru
Page 125 and 126: (2) Middle-level cadres: Chi Cheng?
Page 127 and 128:
Even among the overseas Chinese, th
Page 129 and 130:
8. Ф. 495 оп.62 д.28. 9. C.F. Y
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Conclusion of the Third Congress of
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MCP and the so-called “Comintern
Page 135 and 136:
the Japanese Army. Immediately afte
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when Lai Teck could not convince th
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Appendix List of Documents of the R
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Table 1. Membership of Trade Unions
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Wang Yung Hai (no Russian) 王永
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Table 3 Membership of the Communist
Page 147 and 148:
Table 5 Leaders of the NPC & the ea
Page 149 and 150:
1-1 From the Comintern Table 6 Exch
Page 151 and 152:
24) 13 Jun. 1939 SC, MCP Resolution
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The Malayan Communist Party as Recorded in the Comintern Files

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