The Malayan Communist Party as Recorded in the Comintern Files

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They demanded several times to send somebody for work in India. The only place we can get somebody is Singapore. We ask you to find a trusty Hindu. A Chinese, who could work among the Chinese there, will not be bad. Besides it, we ask you to find a good, steady friend, who could be our connection-man for MS, like Quark (sic). About the budget of the party, youth and trade unions, we have no instruction in spite of several requests. This is so with the majority of the firms in Far East. But, according to the directives of the Center, we have the right to use certain amount of money for traveling, extra-ordinary meetings (conference) etc. We have received a letter from Indo-China, which shows that the relations between them and Quark are not very good. We thought Q has some authority among his people. What do you think about this? 7 (emphasis added) This letter was kept in the AAS File entitled “AAS’s Correspondence relating to Questions on Malaya”. Yet its sender might have been a member of the FEB staff (see Gordon’s letter, below). In the letter, business-sounding words such as Company and firm were probably used as a precaution against interception by the colonial Special Branch. The recipient appeared to be living in Singapore. Again his identity is probably not difficult to establish: Fu Tai-keng, a trusted member of the FEB, had been dispatched to Singapore in the late 1920s. On the other hand, Quak or Quark would probably be corruptions of the name of Quoc, mistakenly assumed to be the “last name” of Nguyen Ai Quoc. If these identities were the correct ones, then Fu was evidently considered by the AAS to be as reliable as Ho Chi Minh. Who, though, was “our friend who left for Singapore to help you”? Could he have been Wong Mok Han or Teo Yuen-foo? The question could not be answered by the information in the letter. “Sam”, however, should be Ducroux who was also placed in charge of the PPTUS. 8 The “Malayan Directors’ Council” in the letter might have had a connection to the Malaya (sic) Executive Committee proposed by Wang Yung Hai in his letter of 28 December 1930. 66
It seemed rather strange that the unified party of all Malayans irrespective of nationals ( 民族 . ethnicity) had been organized a year before and yet the AAS continued to refer to the abolishment of the organisational independence of all national groups and to the tasks of unifying them. This was obviously a response to the relevant portion of the MCP’s letter dated 7 February. It stated that the Party would call a national party conference to be attended by Malays, Chinese, Indians and Javanese. The MCP itself might be conscious that it was in reality still dominated by Chinese and there was no concerted, united movement of Chinese, Malay and Indian members. Another possible reason was simply that the AAS had only very bare information on the situation in Malaya. And if the MCP’s representatives were not sufficiently trusted in Shanghai, that situation seemed to correspond to the point raised by Wang Yung Hai. He had stated in his letter that the four comrades who composed the report to the FEB knew very little about contemporary conditions in Malaya. These situations might be construed by the AAS that the MCP was yet to be a national united party. 2. FEB’s Secret Mission to Malaya (1) Background of the mission Having advisory personnel who would directly inspect and lead the MCP was considered necessary by various sections. The ES wrote on 23 October 1930 that the FEB should inspect the MCP. Wang Yung Hai’s 28 December 1930 letter had requested that regular connections be established between the FEB and, before that, the appointment of Huang Moh Hang as a tentative representative for that purpose. On 2 January 1931, the MCP had requested the AAS to send a member of “Hindu” and “Java” Communist Parties to lead propaganda work among Indians and Malays. A month later, on 1 February 1931, the AAS replied that the FEB should directly contact the MCP. On the same day, ES asked the CCP to send a comrade to Malaya. Before the MCP was formed, the Plenum of the NPC in 1928 had requested the Comintern to send personnel to undertake surveys and for labour and women’s movements in Malaya. After its formation, the MCP requested in a Russian-language letter of 25 November 1930 for comrades to be urgently dispatched who could aid their work and for the Comintern to discuss this issue with the CC of the CCP (seeⅡ, note 36). These matters appeared evidently resulted in the dispatch of three FEB staff. As Kurihara has noted, from about 1931, apart from the CCP networks, the FEB 67
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2016 NO. 1 The Malayan Communist Pa
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ISSUE: 2016 NO. 01 CONTENTS Preface
Page 5 and 6:
I would also like to thank Professo
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List of Tables Table 1 Membership o
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Yong contended that the MCP’s ant
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While continuing my research at ISE
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13. Nandao zhi Chun (Spring of Sout
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document, dated 15 January 1942, si
Page 17 and 18: 1. Establishment of the Nanyang Pro
Page 19 and 20: PC members, Wen Xin Ruo (Вень
Page 21 and 22: The CCP’s instruction was also sa
Page 23 and 24: In May 1930, under the guidance of
Page 25 and 26: (15) Tan Tiu-jeng, alias Tan Jui-se
Page 27 and 28: 6. Changes in the Comintern’s Str
Page 29 and 30: (1) Name of the Party: for several
Page 31 and 32: Presidium (GC). From the Comintern
Page 33 and 34: Notes 1. Nandao zhi Chun (Spring of
Page 35 and 36: 26. US National Archives & Records
Page 37 and 38: January 1931 (Ф. 495 оп.62 д.3)
Page 39 and 40: Soon after this conference [before
Page 41 and 42: Yong wrote that the MCP was founded
Page 43 and 44: imperialist can be driven out and t
Page 45 and 46: With regard to ((3)-(b)), “people
Page 47 and 48: and Indians, participated in a demo
Page 49 and 50: entitled “The principal demands o
Page 51 and 52: implemented. It is indispensable to
Page 53 and 54: conditions than the native workers.
Page 55 and 56: The MCP’s resolutions quoted abov
Page 57 and 58: 4. Letter from Wang Yung Hai to the
Page 59 and 60: October 1929. In April 1931, the Co
Page 61 and 62: (4) Wang Yung Hai wrote in December
Page 63 and 64: and workers and peasants’ uprisin
Page 65 and 66: We are expecting, after the above m
Page 67: they had no connections with the Co
Page 71 and 72: code; it was neither translated nor
Page 73 and 74: Details are below: (1) Socio-econom
Page 75 and 76: vii) Create opposition groups in th
Page 77 and 78: quotation marks] of the CCP and rem
Page 79 and 80: 6. Sophie, op., cit., p.169. This p
Page 81 and 82: CHAPTER V THE MCP AND THE COMINTERN
Page 83 and 84: 1932, demonstrations against the Bi
Page 85 and 86: We already have considerable organi
Page 87 and 88: Membership has not changed since si
Page 89 and 90: ecorded the arrest on 22 June 1934
Page 91 and 92: organisations should also participa
Page 93 and 94: Cruxes are shown first: (1) One del
Page 95 and 96: As to MCP’s delegates in Shanghai
Page 97 and 98: Extraordinaire: Lai Teck, Secretary
Page 99 and 100: CHAPTER VI THE MCP AND THE COMINTER
Page 101 and 102: was founded in early 1928, 11 the M
Page 103 and 104: (2) Shanghai Municipal Police Files
Page 105 and 106: The most important decision taken a
Page 107 and 108: workers were mobilized, the Chinese
Page 109 and 110: to “cooperate with Britain”. Th
Page 111 and 112: We should eliminate the danger of r
Page 113 and 114: turn favorable. Even though they ha
Page 115 and 116: of North Malaya insisted that only
Page 117 and 118: 9. Ф. 495 оп.62 д.30. / In its
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CHAPTER VII THE MCP AND THE COMINTE
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assembly, organisation, belief and
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(2) Characteristics of present stru
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(2) Middle-level cadres: Chi Cheng?
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Even among the overseas Chinese, th
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8. Ф. 495 оп.62 д.28. 9. C.F. Y
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Conclusion of the Third Congress of
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MCP and the so-called “Comintern
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the Japanese Army. Immediately afte
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when Lai Teck could not convince th
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Appendix List of Documents of the R
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Table 1. Membership of Trade Unions
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Wang Yung Hai (no Russian) 王永
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Table 3 Membership of the Communist
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Table 5 Leaders of the NPC & the ea
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1-1 From the Comintern Table 6 Exch
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24) 13 Jun. 1939 SC, MCP Resolution
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The Malayan Communist Party as Recorded in the Comintern Files

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