The Malayan Communist Party as Recorded in the Comintern Files

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You must choose a trustworthy group of any nationality and create the city and village organizations. Give them concrete tasks. They must keep you informed about the progress of their work. You must call on meeting or conference for each and elect its Party committee. Afterwards you must immediately call on the All-Malaya Party Conference to discuss the tasks and elect the CC. It is necessary to publish a party organ in three languages, Malayan (sic), Hindu and Chinese. The money needed for this organ must be gathered from among our own cds, sympathisers and the broad toiling masses. As our trade union movement is too much split up, a centralised organisation, the All-Malayan Federation of Labour, is necessary. We must also organise Anti-Imperialist Leagues first in factories, towns and villages and afterward in the whole country, that is, the All-Malayan Anti-Imperialist League. (Hereafter, filed in a different place) You have already an organisational basis in the Chinese Communist group. Now it is necessary to make every effort that these Chinese communist no longer exist like a group of Chinese emigrants living with their minds and hearts solely upon events in China. (It is possible that among the Chinese comrades are such comrades, who are under the influence of liquidator Chen-dusiu [sic], as under the influence of Li-Li-Sian’s [sic. should be Li Li San] “left” phraseologic [sic]. You must fight against this very energitacilly [sic]). The slogan should be—the Malayan (sic), Hindu, and Chinese workers into the party organization of Malaya! In Malayan State there must exist but one CP including all nationalities. The idea of creating several CPs based on the nationalities must be energetically combated. The Party must pay attention to the difference of nationality, languages, customs, etc. This is a concrete and detailed comment cum instruction. Although the author seemed not to know that most Indians in Malaya were Tamils who spoke not Hindi but Tamil, we can discern that this FEB staff member was well acquainted with Malayan affairs. Unlike many other Comintern documents, moreover, this letter generally distinguished Malaya from Malay. 52
The MCP’s resolutions quoted above did not state that they would resort to terror, or even armed uprising. They only “fully agreed” with the instruction of the CCP which proclaimed that only by way of armed insurrection could their task be realized (A file, “Draft letter Re. Tasks of the MCP”, 5 appeared to refer to armed insurrection. To my regret, I do not possess a copy of this part). When it received the lengthy comment from the FEB, the MCP might not have been fully convinced by it. As was mentioned in Chapter I- 6 above, its issuance of seemingly inconsistent instructions could have reflected the Comintern’s wavering strategies. In such circumstances, although both Chen Du Xiu and Li Li San were criticized by the Comintern as well as the CCP at different points, it would have been natural that these two leaders might have retained to some extent their respective influence that could lead the MCP in other directions. With respect to the point about having one Malayan party that was made up of various nationalities, the MCP’s resolution, quoted earlier, had already called upon Chinese members, by setting aside Chinese affairs, to concentrate on the Malayan revolution by being the same as Malayan nationals or members of Malayan nationalities. But the FEB might have misunderstood the paragraph; “Each native people should organize a national party”. With regard to this MCP’s resolution (see II-3-(3)-b), Anna Belogurova argued that: This statement was incompatible with the Comintern’s policy of one having one communist party per country. Over this paragraph, a Comintern cadre wrote:…’Absolutely wrong’. 6 Out of the original resolution, she omitted one sentence between 1) “Each native people should organize a national party”, and 2) “To organize a unity party consisting of various peoples is incorrect”. The omitted part is: 3) “Foreign people should participate in the native Party as membership”. As to 1) above, Belogurova might construe that each native people should organize their own party. If so, there would emerge various parties consisting of different native people, such as Malay Party, Chinese Party and Indian Party, in Malaya. This concept differs from other sections of the MCP’s resolutions. Not only 3) but also 2) clearly shows that the MCP considered that various peoples 53
Page 1 and 2:
2016 NO. 1 The Malayan Communist Pa
Page 3 and 4: ISSUE: 2016 NO. 01 CONTENTS Preface
Page 5 and 6: I would also like to thank Professo
Page 7 and 8: List of Tables Table 1 Membership o
Page 9 and 10: Yong contended that the MCP’s ant
Page 11 and 12: While continuing my research at ISE
Page 13 and 14: 13. Nandao zhi Chun (Spring of Sout
Page 15 and 16: document, dated 15 January 1942, si
Page 17 and 18: 1. Establishment of the Nanyang Pro
Page 19 and 20: PC members, Wen Xin Ruo (Вень
Page 21 and 22: The CCP’s instruction was also sa
Page 23 and 24: In May 1930, under the guidance of
Page 25 and 26: (15) Tan Tiu-jeng, alias Tan Jui-se
Page 27 and 28: 6. Changes in the Comintern’s Str
Page 29 and 30: (1) Name of the Party: for several
Page 31 and 32: Presidium (GC). From the Comintern
Page 33 and 34: Notes 1. Nandao zhi Chun (Spring of
Page 35 and 36: 26. US National Archives & Records
Page 37 and 38: January 1931 (Ф. 495 оп.62 д.3)
Page 39 and 40: Soon after this conference [before
Page 41 and 42: Yong wrote that the MCP was founded
Page 43 and 44: imperialist can be driven out and t
Page 45 and 46: With regard to ((3)-(b)), “people
Page 47 and 48: and Indians, participated in a demo
Page 49 and 50: entitled “The principal demands o
Page 51 and 52: implemented. It is indispensable to
Page 53: conditions than the native workers.
Page 57 and 58: 4. Letter from Wang Yung Hai to the
Page 59 and 60: October 1929. In April 1931, the Co
Page 61 and 62: (4) Wang Yung Hai wrote in December
Page 63 and 64: and workers and peasants’ uprisin
Page 65 and 66: We are expecting, after the above m
Page 67 and 68: they had no connections with the Co
Page 69 and 70: It seemed rather strange that the u
Page 71 and 72: code; it was neither translated nor
Page 73 and 74: Details are below: (1) Socio-econom
Page 75 and 76: vii) Create opposition groups in th
Page 77 and 78: quotation marks] of the CCP and rem
Page 79 and 80: 6. Sophie, op., cit., p.169. This p
Page 81 and 82: CHAPTER V THE MCP AND THE COMINTERN
Page 83 and 84: 1932, demonstrations against the Bi
Page 85 and 86: We already have considerable organi
Page 87 and 88: Membership has not changed since si
Page 89 and 90: ecorded the arrest on 22 June 1934
Page 91 and 92: organisations should also participa
Page 93 and 94: Cruxes are shown first: (1) One del
Page 95 and 96: As to MCP’s delegates in Shanghai
Page 97 and 98: Extraordinaire: Lai Teck, Secretary
Page 99 and 100: CHAPTER VI THE MCP AND THE COMINTER
Page 101 and 102: was founded in early 1928, 11 the M
Page 103 and 104: (2) Shanghai Municipal Police Files
Page 105 and 106:
The most important decision taken a
Page 107 and 108:
workers were mobilized, the Chinese
Page 109 and 110:
to “cooperate with Britain”. Th
Page 111 and 112:
We should eliminate the danger of r
Page 113 and 114:
turn favorable. Even though they ha
Page 115 and 116:
of North Malaya insisted that only
Page 117 and 118:
9. Ф. 495 оп.62 д.30. / In its
Page 119 and 120:
CHAPTER VII THE MCP AND THE COMINTE
Page 121 and 122:
assembly, organisation, belief and
Page 123 and 124:
(2) Characteristics of present stru
Page 125 and 126:
(2) Middle-level cadres: Chi Cheng?
Page 127 and 128:
Even among the overseas Chinese, th
Page 129 and 130:
8. Ф. 495 оп.62 д.28. 9. C.F. Y
Page 131 and 132:
Conclusion of the Third Congress of
Page 133 and 134:
MCP and the so-called “Comintern
Page 135 and 136:
the Japanese Army. Immediately afte
Page 137 and 138:
when Lai Teck could not convince th
Page 139 and 140:
Appendix List of Documents of the R
Page 141 and 142:
Table 1. Membership of Trade Unions
Page 143 and 144:
Wang Yung Hai (no Russian) 王永
Page 145 and 146:
Table 3 Membership of the Communist
Page 147 and 148:
Table 5 Leaders of the NPC & the ea
Page 149 and 150:
1-1 From the Comintern Table 6 Exch
Page 151 and 152:
24) 13 Jun. 1939 SC, MCP Resolution
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The Malayan Communist Party as Recorded in the Comintern Files

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